精品解析：甘肃省天水市一中2019届高三下学期第三次模拟考试英语试题(解析版)

天水市一中2019届高三第三次模拟考试
英语试题
注意事项：
1．答卷前，考生务必用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔在答题卡上填写自己的准考证号、姓名、试室号和座位号。

用2B型铅笔把答题卡上试室号、座位号对应的信息点涂黑。

2．选择题每小题选出答案后，用2B型铅笔把答题卡上对应题目选项的答案信息点涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案，答案不能答在试卷上。

3．非选择题必须用黑色字迹钢笔或签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡各题目指定区域内的相应位置上；如需改动，先划掉原来的答案，然后再写上新的答案；不准使用铅笔和涂改液。

不按以上要求作答的答案无效。

4．考生必须保持答题卡整洁。

考试结束后，将试卷和答题卡一并交回。

第一部分阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

A
International Airport Sheremetyevo Moscow
►If You've Lost Personal possessions
On Board
Contact the airline’s representativ es
At the Airport
Contact:
-- Sheremetyevo Police Department
+7(495)578-22-55
--Unclaimed luggage storage room in Terminal C
+7(495)578-23-26
--Umclaimed luggage storage room in Terminal D
+7(499)500-65-52
(domestic flights)
+7(495)753-86-41
(international flights)
When collecting Lost and Found items, you shall have an identification document, a boarding pass or a ticket, and also to indicate a place where the items were lost and prove they are yours.
►If Your Luggage Is Lost or Damaged
Before leaving the arrival area, please turn to the Lost and Found counter to file a report. The written claim shall be submitted to the airline company not later than seven days from the time when the luggage was to be collected.
If your luggage is not found within twenty-one days of the time when the claim was filed, you have the right to claim damages in the amount of not more than 600 rubles per kilogram. Amount refunded (退款) for a hand luggage lost through the fault of an airline is not more than 11,000 rubles regardless of its weight. Amount refunded for damaged luggage is calculated based on the tariffs (关税).
Keep your flight documents (a ticket, boarding pass, luggage tag, and delayed luggage report filed at the airport) until the end of the procedure for searching for your luggage.
Current information on luggage-tracing results
……………………………………+7(495)578-76-65
Lost and Found service of Aeroflot Airlines
……………………………………+7(495)544-33-25
(from 9:00 to 20:00)
+7(495)753-86-41
(24 hours)
For further information please contact the airline.
1. What should you do if you find your personal possessions lost on board?
A. Turn to the airline’s staff.
B. Contact the police office.
C. Submit a claim to the company.
D. Go to the Lost and Found counter.
2. How much money can you claim if your 20-kilogram hand luggage is damaged?
A. It depends on its weight.
B. It depends on the tariffs.
C. 12,000 rubles at most.
D. 11,000 rubles at most.
3. Which number should you dial if you found your luggage missing at midnight on your arrival?
A. +7(495)578-76-65.
B. +7(495)578-23-26.
C. +7(495)753-86-41.
D. +7(495)544-33-25.
【答案】1. A 2. B 3. C
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文。

文章讲述在飞机上丢失私人物品如何处理以及如需进一步信息，请与航空公司联系。

【1题详解】
细节理解题。

根据If You've Lost Personal possessions/On Board/Contact the airline’s representatives可知，如果你发现在飞机上你的私人物品丢失了，可以联系航空公司的员工。

故选A。

【2题详解】
推理判断题。

根据If Your Luggage Is Lost or Damaged中Amount refunded for damaged luggage is calculated based on the tariffs (关税).可知，如果你20公斤的手提行李损坏了，你可以索赔多少钱这取决于关税。

故选B。

【3题详解】
推理判断题。

根据文章最后部分(from 9:00 to 20:00)+7(495)753-86-41(24 hours)可知，如果您在午夜到达时发现行李丢失，您应该拨+7(495)753-86-41。

故选C。

B
Compassion（同情）is a desire within us to help others. With effort, we can translate compassion into action. An experience last weekend showed me this is true. I work part-time in supermarket across from a building for the elderly. These old people are our main customers, and it’s not hard to lose patience over their slowness. But last Sunday, one aged gentleman appeared to teach me a valuable lesson. This untidy man walked up to my register（收款机）with a box of biscuits. He said he was out of cash, had just moved into his room, and had nothing in his cupboards. He asked if we could let him have the food on trust. He promised to repay me the next day.
I couldn’t help staring at him. I wondered what kind of pe rson he had been ten or twenty years before, and what he would be like if fortune had gone his way. I had a hurt in my heart for this kind of human soul, all alone in the world. I told him that I was sorry, but store rules didn’t allow me to do so. I felt stupid and unkind saying this, but I valued my job.
Just then, another man, standing behind the first, spoke up. If anything, he looked more pitiable, “Charge it to me,” was all he said.
What I had been feeling was pity. Pity is soft and safe and easy. Compassion, on the other hand, is caring in action. I thanked the second man but told him that was not allowed either. Then I reached into my pocket and paid for the biscuits myself. I reached into my pocket because these two men had reached into my heart and taught me compassion.
4. The aged gentleman who wanted to buy the biscuits______.
A. promised to obey the store rules
B. hoped to have the food first and pay later
C. forgot to take his credit card with him
D. could not afford anything more expensive
5. Which of the following best describes the old gentleman?
A. Kind and lucky.
B. Friendly and helpful.
C. Poor and lonely.
D. Hurt and disappointed.
6. Why did the author refuse the old gentle man’s request first?
A. He considered the old man dishonest.
B. He felt no pity for the old gentleman.
C. He wanted to keep his present job.
D. He expected someone else to pay for the old man.
7. What lesson did the author learn from this experience?
A. Obeying the rules means more than compassion.
B. Wealth is most important in older age.
C. Experience is better gained through practice.
D. Compassion means helping in some way.
【答案】4. B 5. C 6. C 7. D
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇夹叙夹议文，作者通过一位老人买饼干而没钱付账的经历告诉我们可以把同情的愿望转化为行动。

【4题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第一段中的“He said he was out of cash, had just moved into his room, and had nothing in his cupboards. He asked if we could let him have the food on trust. He promised to repay me the next day.”可知，结账时这个老人说自己没有钱了，问我他可不可以先把饼干拿走，第二天再把钱送来，故B项正确。

【5题详解】
推理判断题。

根据第一段老人身上连买饼干的钱都没有及第二段中的“all alone in the world.”可知，他又穷又孤独，故C项正确。

【6题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“but store rules didn’t allow me to do so. I felt stupid and unkind saying this, but I valued my job.”可知，商店的规定不允许先拿货后付钱，作者想保住这份工作所以不敢违反规定，故C项正确。

【7题详解】
推理判断题。

根据第一段中的“Compassion（同情）is a desire within us to help others. With effort, we can translate compassion into action. ”可知，同情是我们内心帮助别人的愿望，通过努力，我们可以把它转化为行动，也就是说作者从这个经历中学到了同情意味着以某种方式帮助别人，故D项正确。

【点睛】哲理感悟题需要从文章的议论部分入手，这是由夹叙夹议文的文体特点决定的，例如本篇第4题，根据第一段中的“Compassion（同情）is a desire within us to help others. With effort, we can translate compassion into action. An experience last weekend showed me this is true.”可知，上周末的一个经历告诉我通过努力，我们可以把同情的愿望转化为行动，也就是说同情意味着以某种方式帮助别人。

C
Think plants are just boring green things that you use for food and decoration? Think again! Plants are able to do some pretty awesome things that you’re probably totally unaware of.
Researchers have discovered that plants have the ability to communicate with an underground network made up of fungus (真菌) , which serves the plants in many ways. Tomato plants use the fungus web to warn each other of their own unhealthy conditions. Trees connected through the fungus network could move nutrients (养分) to and from each other. It is believed that larger trees move nutrients to smaller ones to help them to survive.
Not only that, but they can also damage unwelcome plants by spreading poisonous chemicals through the fungus. It sounds like the plant world had the Internet before we did.
Some plants have a rather impressive line of defense against being eaten. When sensing they are being swallowed, they give off a chemical into the air that attracts the insect’s natural enemy. The enemy attacks the bug, thus saving the plants. This is basically the plant kingdom version of getting your older brother to beat up that kid who steals your lunch money.
You might be aware that humans and animals have an internal clock. But did you know that plants also have this clock? This means they can prepare for certain times of day just like we do. Is it because they can react to light at sunrise? In a study, scientists found that plants use the sugars they produce to keep time, which help to regulate the genes responsible for the plant’s own internal clock. So, in a sense, ―wake up with petunias (矮牵牛) is just as valid as ―wake up with the chickens.
Nature is full of surprises. So for those of you who didn’t know the wonders of plants, now you do.
8. How many ways does the network of fungus serve the plants?
A. Two.
B. Three.
C. Four.
D. Five.
9. What does the underlined words ― “your older brother” in Paragraph 4 refer to?
A. The chemical given off by plants.
B. The insect’s natural enemy.
C. The bug attacked by the enemy.
D. The plant to be eaten by the insect.
10. What helps the plant keep time?
A. The sugars produced by itself.
B. Its own genes.
C. The time of sunrise.
D. Its response to light.
11. What is the author’s purpose in writing the text?
A. To show his love of different plants.
B. To share his study on some awesome plants.
C. To introduce the unknown abilities of plants.
D. To make people aware of plant protection.
【答案】8. B 9. B 10. A 11. C
【解析】
【分析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了植物有很多人类没有发现的本领，包括：拥有一个通过真菌为媒介的地下“网络”来互通消息、能够自己想办法防御昆虫袭击和拥有植物生物钟。

【8题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第二段中的“Tomato plants use the fungus web to warn each other of their own unhealthy conditions. Trees connected through the fungus network could move nutrients (养分) to and from each other. It is believed that larger trees move nutrients to smaller ones to help them to survive.”及第三段中的“Not only that, but they can also damage unwelcome plants by sprea ding poisonous chemicals through the fungus.”可知，网状真菌可以帮助西红柿发出自身处于不健康状况的警告信息(use the fungus web to warn each other of their own unhealthy conditions)、传送营养物质(move nutrients to and from each other)、通过传播有害化学物质破坏不良植物(damage unwelcome plants by spreading poisonous chemicals through the fungus)，因此一共有三种方式，故B项正确。

【9题详解】
词义猜测题。

第四段讲述了植物有一种使人印象深刻的防止被吃的方式：当感觉到要被吃掉时，它们会释放一种化学物质到空气中，吸引昆虫的天敌，天敌进而攻击昆虫，间接救了植物。

这种现象就好像植物界的大哥代替你教训偷你午餐费的小孩一样。

这句话把plants 比喻成“你”，kid 比喻成“the insect”，因而your older brother 就是the insect’s natural ene my，故B项正确。

【10题详解】
细节理解题。

根据倒数第二段中的“In a study, scientists found that plants use the sugars they produce to keep time, which help to regulate the genes responsible for the plant’s own internal clock. ”可知，植物可以利用自身产生的糖分来区分时间，这些糖分有助于调节作用于植物自身生物钟的基因，故A项正确。

【11题详解】
作者意图题。

根据第一段中的Plants are able to do some pretty awesome things that you’re probably totally unaware of.可知，作者指出植物有很多人类没有发现的本领，后文逐步展开、进行详细介绍，因此作者写这篇文章的目的是介绍植物不为人知的能力，故C项正确。

【点睛】科普类说明文的词义猜测题难度很大，有时要求我们不仅仅从画线词的上下文寻找线索，还要立足于整体段落所介绍的内容，例如本篇第2题，第四段讲述了植物有一种使人印象深刻的防止被吃的方式：当感觉到要被吃掉时，它们会释放一种化学物质到空气中，吸引昆虫的天敌，天敌进而攻击昆虫，间接救了植物。

这种现象就好像植物界的大哥代替你教训偷你午餐费的小孩一样。

这句话把plants 比喻成“你”，kid 比喻成“the insect”，因而your older brother 就是the insect’s natural enemy。

D
Darwin noted that some human emotional expressions might have started as part of a physiological function: for example, exposing the teeth to bite food. The function, however, took on meaning and became a form of communication which signals anger.
The same may be true for the animals. Baby monkeys cry for attention. They also cry to signal to an adult that they want to be carried.
“Chimpanzees do make upset voice when they are being weaned (断奶) by their mothers or have lost their mothers or another individual,” says Anne Pusey, a professor at the University of Minnesota. “They w himper (呜咽) and cry and scream. When we hear these calls, the emotion involved seems obvious. However, they do not weep in the sense of producing tears. I have seen an adolescent male whimpering when he lost sight of his older brother with whom he had been traveling.”
Babies of many mammalian species, including rats, cry. Moreover, when a baby rat cries, often his mother brings the fallen pup back into the nest. This is probably a straightforward communication, as it is with humans. However, psychologists a t the University of Iowa aren’t convinced.
The Iowan researchers can cause the same crying sounds by producing large decreases and then increases in blood flow. The blood flow also goes down when baby rats get cold. Thus, they conclude baby rats cry in the same way that we sneeze. Of course the rat baby could be crying because he’s cold and wants his mother to know.
“All young mammals make cries when separated from their mother,” says Jaak Panksepp, a psychologist at Bowling Green State University. “If you’re willing to call this crying, then certainly other animals show this emotional response.” he says, “Some of us take seriously that animals do have emotions.”
12. According to the first paragraph, what kind of emotion does “exposing the teeth” express?
A. Disappointment.
B. Excitement.
C. Anger.
D. Happiness.
13. Which is one probable reason why young chimpanzees might be crying?
A. They meet their brother.
B. They have nothing to eat.
C. They are being breast-fed.
D. They are parted from their mother.
14. Under what circumstance will baby rats cry just like humans’ sneeze?
A. Their blood flow is decreased.
B. They feel cold and long for affection.
C. Their blood flow is increased.
D. Their mother brings them back home.
15. Where is the passage most likely taken from?
A. An animal journal.
B. A physiology book.
C. A health magazine.
D. A cultural newspaper.
【答案】12. C 13. D 14. B 15. A
【解析】
本文属于科普文，讲述不仅人类可以进行情绪的表达，动物也可以。

【12题详解】
细节理解题。

根据第一段第二句The function, however, took on meaning and became a form of communication which signals anger.可知，露牙齿咬东西，逐渐有了意义并成为交流中表现愤怒生气的一种形式，故选C。

【13题详解】
推理判断题。

根据第三段第一句“Chimpanzees do make upset voice when they are being weaned (断奶) by their mothers or have lost their mothers or another individual,”可知，小猩猩做出一些沮丧的声音的原因是断奶或者与妈妈或者其他成员走丢了，即与妈妈分开了，故选D。

【14题详解】
推理判断题。

根据第五段第二句The blood flow also goes down when baby rats get cold. Thus, they conclude baby
rats cry in the same way that we sneeze. Of course the rat baby could be crying because he’s cold and wants his mother to know.可知，当小老鼠感到寒冷并且想让鼠妈妈知道的时候就会哭，与人类的打喷嚏一样，因此得出，小老鼠想要妈妈的关爱的时候会哭，故选B。

【15题详解】
推理判断题。

根据文章可知，本文阐述不仅人类可以进行情绪表达，动物也可以，并且列举了猩猩、老鼠等的例子，故可推知本文出自动物杂志，故选A。

第二节七选五(共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分)
根据短文内容，从短文后的选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

选项中有两项为多余选项。

Having a healthy family life can lower risk of heart attack and boost your chance of living longer. ____16____．Care for elders in a loving way
Caring for an elderly loved one is a wonderful way to show compassion and service, and it doesn't mean you have to sacrifice everything. ____17____. Kids and marriages can be powerfully impacted by how these decisions are handled，both negatively and positively. They thoroughly think through the potential impact of moving an aging parent into the home or providing extended care. A good boundary with an aging parent is to do occasional outgoings.
Cultivate an attitude of gratitude
Healthy families set a culture of being grateful for the things you appreciate in life, big and small. Set up a respectful space where at the end of each day, each family member share what they are grateful for. ____18____．Keep treats out of sight(and out of mind)
What you see is what you want to eat. ____19____. Put the sugary treats out of sight and leave colorful fruits and vegetables out on the counter or on the most visible shelves in the fridge so that you're more likely to reach for a nutritious snack.
___20___.
Healthy families will create a safe environment for healthy communication, where each individual feels like their feelings are acknowledged. When conflict arises, they don't have to agree with each other but they still need to acknowledge each other's feelings. They still feel their opinions are valued. They also learn tools for how conflicts can be resolved. No one shuts down, or runs away when there is disagreement. They work it out.
A．Fight fair
B．Live healthily
C．Keep healthy snacks highly visible in your kitchen
D．If you keep fighting，you will hurt your family
E. Here’s how to maximize this amazing health asset(资产)
F. This sets up an atmosphere of appreciation that all can benefit from
G. Healthy families have boundaries with aging parents and grandparents
【答案】16. E17. G
18. F19. C
20. A
【解析】
本文是一篇说明文，介绍了如何拥有一个健康的家庭生活的几点建议。

【16题详解】
根据本空前的“Having a healthy family life can lower risk of heart attack and boost your chance of living longer.”可知，健康的家庭生活能够降低得心脏病的风险并让你更长寿，下文又介绍了四点建议，此处需要一个承上启下的句子，E项中的“this amazing health asset”指的就是“Having a healthy family life”，故E项（这里是如何让你利用这惊人的健康资产）符合语境。

【17题详解】
根据本空前的“Caring for an elderly loved one is a wonderful way to show compassion and service, and it doesn't mean you have to sacrifice everything.”可知，关心老人并不意味着你要牺牲一切，G项（健康的家庭与父母和祖父母是有界限的）正好承接上文，故G项符合语境。

【18题详解】
根据本空前的“Set up a respectful space where at the end of each day, each family member share what they are grateful for.”可知，建立一个尊重的空间，在每天结束的时候，每个家庭成员分享他们所感激的东西，F项（这营造了一种感恩的氛围）正好总结上文，故F项符合语境。

【19题详解】
根据本空前的“What you see is what you want to eat.”及本空后的“Put the sugary treats out of sight and leave colorful fruits and vegetables out on the counter”可知，看见什么就想吃什么，所以把含糖的食物放在看不见的地方，把健康的水果和蔬菜放在台面上，C项（在厨房的显眼处放一些健康的零食）正好对应这个话题，
故C项符合语境。

【20题详解】
此处为本段小标题，根据本段内容可知，本段讲的是家庭生活中健康的交流方式及其在家庭冲突中的起的作用，A项（公平竞争）最能概括本段内容，故A项符合语境。

第二部分语言知识运用（共两节，满分45分）
第一节完形填空（共20小题；每小题1. 5分，满分30分）
阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

I used to believe in the American Dream, which meant a job, a mortgage (按揭), credit cards, and success. I wanted it and worked toward it like everyone else, all of us ___21___ chasing the same thing.
One year, through a series of unhappy events, it all fell ___22___. I found myself homeless and ___23___. I had my truck and $56. I ___24___ the countryside for some place I could rent for the ___25___ possible amount. I came upon a shabby house four miles up a winding mountain road over the Potomac River in West Virginia. It was
___26___, full of broken glass and rubbish. I found the owner, rented it, and ___27___ a corner to camp in.
The locals knew nothing about me, ___28___ slowly, they started teaching me the ___29___ of being a neighbor. They dropped off blankets, candles, and tools, and began sticking around to ___30___. They started to teach me a belief in a ___31___ American Dream – not the one of individual achievement but of ___32___.
What I had believed in, all those things I thought were ___33___ for a civilized life, were nonexistent in this place. Up on the ___34___, my most valuable possessions were my ___35___ with my neighbors.
Four years later, I moved back into ___36___. I saw many people were having a really hard time, ___37___ their jobs and homes. I managed to rent a big enough house to ___38___ a handful of people. There are four of us now in the house, but over time I’ve had nine people come in and move on to other places. We’d all be in ___39___ if we hadn’t banded together.
The American Dream I believe in now is a shar ed one. It’s not so much about what I can get for myself; it’s about ___40___ we can all survive together.
21. A. separately B. equally C. violently D. naturally
22. A. off B. apart C. over D. out
23. A. awesome B. priceless C. alone D. passionate
24. A. crossed B. left C. toured D. searched
25. A. fullest B. largest C. fairest D. cheapest
26. A. occupied B. abandoned C. emptied D. robbed
27. A. turned B. approached C. cleared D. cut
28. A. but B. although C. otherwise D. for
29. A. benefit B. lesson C. nature D. art
30. A. chat B. fight C. struggle D. perform
31. A. wild B. real C. different D. remote
32. A. neighborliness B. happiness C. friendliness D. kindness
33. A. unique B. expensive C. rare D. necessary
34. A. mountain B. downtown C. river D. countryside
35. A. cooperation B. relationships C. satisfaction D. appointments
36. A. reality B. society C. town D. life
37. A. creating B. losing C. quitting D. finding
38. A. put in B. turn in C. take in D. get in
39. A. yards B. shelters C. camps D. cottages
40. A. when B. what C. whether D. how
【答案】21. A 22. B 23. C 24. D 25. D 26. B 27. C 28. A 29. D 30. A 31. C 32. A 33. D 34. A 35. B 36. C 37. B 38. C 39. B 40. D
【解析】
本文是一篇记叙文，叙述了作者在美国的生活经历，以及他对美国梦的理解的前后变化。

一开始作者认为在美国就会有银行卡，工作和房子。

但是在美国经历了一系列不愉快的事件后,作者的美国梦想破碎了。

作者在山上找了一座破旧的房屋租住。

他从邻居那里学到了美国梦是大家团结起来共同实现的。

【21题详解】
考查副词和上下文的呼应。

A. separately 分别地，各自地；B. equally 同样地，平等地；C. violently 猛烈地，激烈地；D. naturally自然地。

根据前文的like everyone else向每个其他人一样，我们也每个人都在做。

句意：我们各自都在追逐同样的事情。

故选A。

【22题详解】
考查形容词和上下文的呼应。

A. off 远离的；B. apart 分离的；C. over 在上面的；D. out外面的。

根据后文
的I found myself homeless and.可知我发现自己孤独，因此处说自己原来的梦想破碎了，崩溃了。

句意：有一年,在经历了一系列不愉快的事件,它完全崩溃了。

故选B。

【23题详解】
考查形容词辨析。

A. awesome可怕的；B. priceless无价的；C. alone单独的；独自一人；D. passionate有激情的；可知我发现自己孤独，因此处说自己原来的梦想破碎了，崩溃了。

故C项正确。

【24题详解】
考查动词和上下文的呼应。

A. crossed穿过； B. left 离开； C. toured 旅行； D. searched 搜索；根据后文的for some place I could rent可知作者在乡村寻找可以租住的地方。

Search…… for……搜….为了找…….。

句意：我在乡村搜寻我可以租住的地方。

故选D。

【25题详解】
考查形容词和上下文的呼应。

A. fullest完全的，满的。

B. largest 最大的；C. fairest 公平的； D. cheapest 最便宜的；根据前文的I had my truck and $56.可知作者只有一辆卡车和56美元，可见他没太多的钱，因此他要租便宜的房子。

故此处用形容词cheapest。

句意：我要租住尽可能最便宜的地方。

故选D。

【26题详解】
考查动词和上下文的呼应。

A. occupied 占用； B. abandoned 放弃的，废弃的；C. emptied 倒空；D. robbed 抢劫。

根据后文的full of broken glass and rubbish可知这座房子是被废弃的。

句意：它被废弃了。

故选B。

【27题详解】
考查动词和上下文的呼应。

A. turned 转动；B. approached 接近；C. cleared清除；D. cut 剪；根据后文的to camp in.可知作者为了能扎营住在这里，应清理了一下。

句意：为了能住进去，我清理了一个角落。

故选C。

【28题详解】
考查连词和上下文的呼应。

A. but 但是；B. although 尽管；C. otherwise 否则；D. for因为。

根据前文的knew nothing about me 和后文的slowly, they started teaching me可知其他人开始时不了解他，后来叫他一些东西，前后是转折关系，故用连词but。

句意：当地人对我不了解，但是慢慢地开始教会我一些东西。

故选A。

【29题详解】
考查名词和上下文的呼应。

A. benefit 利益，好处； B. lesson 教训，课；C. nature 自然； D. art艺术，道理。

根据前文的they started teaching me可知他们教我一些道理。

句意：慢慢地他们开始叫我做邻居的道理。

故选D。

考查动词辨析。

A. chat聊天；B. fight战斗；C. struggle斗争，努力；D. perform表演；句意：他们带来一些摊毯子，蜡烛和工具，停下来和我聊天。

故选A。

【31题详解】
考查形容词和上下文的呼应。

A. wild野生的；B. real 真实的；C. different 不同的；D. remote遥远的，偏僻的。

根据前文的I used to believe in the American Dream, which meant a job, a mortgage (按揭), credit cards, success.可知他过去的美国梦想是成功的，而现在没有房子和工作，是失败的，与想象的不一样，句意：他们开始教会我一种对美国梦想不同的信念。

故选C。

【32题详解】
考查名词和上下文的呼应。

A. neighborliness 邻居；B. happiness 幸福；C. friendliness 友好； D. kindness 善良。

根据前文的of being a neighbor.可知作为邻居的理论，可知此处是强调邻居的重要性。

句意：美国的梦想不是个人的成就而是邻居的共同的成就。

故选A。

【33题详解】
考查形容词和上下文的呼应。

A. unique 独特的，唯一的；B. expensive 昂贵的；C. rare 稀有的；D. necessary 必要的。

根据后文的were nonexistent in this place.可知以前以为必要的东西，在这个地方不存在，句意：所有我原以为必要的东西在这个地方不存在。

故选D。

【34题详解】
考查名词辨析和上下文呼应。

A. mountain山；B. downtown市中心；C. river河流；D. countryside农村；根据上文“I came upon a shabby house four miles up a winding mountain road over the Potomac River in West Virginia.”可知此处应是上山。

句意:我最有价值的东西是向上在山上。

故选A。

【35题详解】
考查名词和上下文的呼应。

A. cooperation 合作；B. relationships 关系； C. satisfaction 满意；D. appointments 约定。

根据前文的They dropped off blankets, candles, and tools, and began 10 to chat. 可知作者与邻居的关系好。

故此处用relationships。

句意：我最有价值的财富就是与居的关系。

故选B。

【36题详解】
考查名词和上下文的呼应。

A. reality 现实；B. society 社会；C. town 城镇；D. life生活。

根据前文的I moved back into可知作者从山上搬回了城里。

句意：四年后，我搬回了城里。

故选C。

考查动词和上下文的呼应。

A. creating 创造； B. losing 失去，损失； C. quitting 放弃； D. offering提供。

根据前文的I saw many people were having a really hard time,可知这里的许多人过着艰难的生活，因此处应是失去工作，才能体现生活困难。

句意：我看见许多人生活艰难，失去了工作和家园。

故选B。

【38题详解】
考查动词短语和上下文的呼应。

A. put in 提出；B. turn in上交； C. take in 吸收，上当，容纳；D. get in 收获。

根据前文的rent a big enough house to可知作者租了一间大的房子是为了能容纳一些人。

句意：我租下了一个足够大的房子为了容纳一些人。

故选C。

【39题详解】
考查名词和上下文的呼应。

A. yards 院子； B. shelters 避难所；C. camps 营地； D. cottages村舍。

根据后问的if we hadn’t banded together.可知我们如果不团结起来就会没有地方住，只能呆在避难所。

句意：如果我们不团结起来，我们就会呆在避难所。

故选B。

【40题详解】
考查代词和上下文的呼应。

A. when 何时； B. what 什么； C. whether 是否； D. how如何。

根据后问的we can all get by together我们一起生活，根据文章意思，大家一起共同团结的生活，才能解决困难，这是说生活的方式，故此处用代词how。

句意：它不是那么关于我可以自己得到什么,而是我们怎样一起生活度过。

故选D。

第二节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
阅读下面短文，在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。

Dujiangyan is the oldest man-made water system in the world, and a wonder in the development of Chinese science. _____41_____(build) over 2, 200 years ago in what is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China, this amazing engineering _____42_____(achieve) is still used today.
In ancient times, the region in which Dujiangyan now stands _____43_____(suffer) from regular floods caused by overflow from the Minjiang River. _____44_____(help) the victims of the flooding, Li Bing, the region governor, together with his son, decided to find a solution. Li designed a series of channels built at different levels along Mount Yulei that would take away the floodwater while leaving the river flowing naturally. _____45_____(good) still, the extra water could be directed to the dry Chengdu Plain, making _____46_____ suitable for farming.
Once the system was finished, no more floods occurred and the people were able to live ____47____(peaceful).
Today, Dujiangyan is admired by scientists from around the world because of one feature. Unlike modern dams
_____48_____ the water is blocked with a huge wall, Dujiangyan still lets water flow through the Minjiang River naturally, _____49_____ (enable) ecosystem(生态系统) and fish populations to exist _____50_____ harmony. 【答案】41. Built
42. achievement
43. suffered
44. To help
45. Better46. it
47. peacefully
48. where49. enabling
50. in
【解析】
本文介绍了中国古代水利工程都江堰的历史及其所起的作用。

【41题详解】
考查非谓语。

分析句子_____1_____(build) over 2, 200 years ago in what is now Sichuan Province in Southwest China, this amazing engineering…本句是省略句，其逻辑主语是主句的主语This amazing engineering，动词build与它是被动关系。

根据时间状语“over 2, 200 years ago”推断出，动作已发生并表被动。

故要用过去分词built。

句意：2, 200多年前在现在的中国西南部的四川省，建造了这个惊人的工程。

故填Built
【42题详解】
考查名词。

分析句子this amazing engineering_____2_____(achieve) is still used today.可知，本句中的achieve被形容词amazing engineering修饰，且在句子中作主语，所以要用名词形式。

而achieve是动词，故用其名词形式achievement。