高考英语语法复习精品学案-句子种类

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英语语法-句子的种类

英语语法-句子的种类

高中英语语法组成句子的各个部分叫句子成分。

英语句子成分有主语,谓语,表语,宾语,宾语补足语,定语,状语等。

顺序一般是主语,谓语,宾语,宾语补足语,而表语,定语,状语的位置要根据情况而定。

1、主语主语表示句子主要说明的人或事物,一般由名词,代词,数词,不定式等充当。

Helikeswatch'ingTV.他喜欢看电视。

2、谓语谓语说明主语的动作,状态或特征。

1),简单谓语由动词(或短语动词)构成。

可以有不同的时态,语态和语气。

Westud'yforthepeo'ple.我们为人民学习。

2),复合谓语:情态动词+不定式Icanspeakalit'tleEng'lish.我可以说一点英语。

3、表语表语是谓语的一部分,它位于系动词如be之后,说明主语身份,特征,属性或状态。

一般由名词,代词,形容词,副词,不定式,介词短语等充当。

Mysis'terisanurse.我姐姐是护士。

4、宾语宾语表示动作行为的对象,跟在及物动词之后,能作宾语的有名词,代词,数词,动词不定式等。

WelikeEng'lish.我们喜欢英语。

有些及物动词可以带两个宾语,往往一个指人,一个指物,指人的叫间接宾语,指物的叫直接宾语。

Hegavemesom'eink.他给了我一点墨水。

有些及物动词的宾语后面还需要有一个补足语,意思才完整,宾语和它的补足语构成复合宾语。

如:Wemakehimourmon'itor.我们选他当班长。

5、定语在句中修饰名词或代词的成分叫定语。

用作定语的主要是形容词,代词,数词,名词,副词,动词不定式,介词短语等。

形容词,代词,数词,名词等作定语时,通常放在被修饰的词前面。

Heisanewstu'dent.他是个新生。

但副词,动词不定式,介词短语等作定语时,则放在被修饰的词之后。

Thebikeintheroomismine.房间里的自行车是我的。

2020高考英语一轮语法考点与训练---句子的种类附解析

2020高考英语一轮语法考点与训练---句子的种类附解析
How beautiful the flower is / the flowers are!
How fluently she speaks English!她讲英语多么流利啊!
(2)How +形容词+ a / an +单数可数名词+主语+ be!
How careless a driver he is!
There have been great changes in China in the past several de连词,如and, but等。
Before arriving in Canada, we had made careful preparations for the camp.来加拿大之前,我们对这次训练营做了充分准备。
句型四:主语+谓语(vt.)+间接宾语(人)+直接宾语(物)
常见接双宾语的动词有:answer, bring, buy, choose, do, find, get, give, hand, keep, leave, lend, make, offer, owe, pass, pay, play, promise, read, save, sell, send, show, sing, take等。
1、一般疑问句:用yes或no来回答的疑问句叫一般疑问句。其结构是:助动词+主语+谓语+其它成分。
Would you be so kind as to attend the English speech competition as a judge?请您参加英语演讲比赛并担任评委好吗?
Could you please help me polish the language and format of the application, as well as the resume attached to the letter?你能帮我修改申请信以及所附简历的文字和格式吗?

(完整版)英语语法-句子的种类(史上最详细)

(完整版)英语语法-句子的种类(史上最详细)

Let’s 和 let us 区别: Let’s 包括对方, let us不包括对方。 Let’s go .shall we. 咱么去吧,怎么样? Yes let’s /No let’s not . Let us go, will you? 让我们去吧,行吗?
(三) 感叹句
1.感叹句的概念 感叹句是表示喜怒哀乐等感情的句子,感叹句用感叹号 “!”。
(二)祈使句
祈使句表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、建议、请求或命令 等。主语you通常省略,谓语动词用原形,句末用感叹号或句 号。表达请求或劝告时,祈使句句末或句首可以加上please表 示委婉的语气。
1.肯定祈使句的表现形式:
Do型 动词原形(+宾语)+其他成分。
Please have a seat. 请坐。
How cold a day (it is)! 多么冷的一天啊!
③How+陈述句 (主语+谓语)!
How I miss yor daughter!
陈述句变感叹句 一 断 , 二 去, 三 加, 四改变。 一 断, 找到陈述句的主谓,断开句子. 二去, 断开后,如果后部分的中心词是形容词或副词,去掉它们的修饰词. 三加,如果后部分的中心词是名词就加 what, 是形容词或副词就加 How. 四改变, 调整语序,大小写,句末加 ! 陈述句 Tom is very famous. 一断 Tom is / very famous. 二去 Tom is / famous. 三加 Tom is /how famous. 四改变 How famous tom is !
2.情态动词的否定句
I can not do it by myself. You must not take the books out. 你一定不能把书拿出去。 3.完成时的否定 I have not finished the job. He has not had his lunch yet. He had not designed any plan by the end of last month.

高考英语第二轮语法专题复习教案十三句子

高考英语第二轮语法专题复习教案十三句子

高考英语第二轮语法专题复习十三句子The Sentences知识要点:句子按使用的目的可分为四类:1、陈述句2、疑问句3、祈使句4、感叹句从结构上看句子可分为三种类型:1、简单句2、并列句3、复合句一、句子的种类(Kinds of Sentences)1、陈述句:(1)肯定句:We love our motherland. 我们热爱祖国。

(2)否定句:They don’t go to work on Sundays. 他们星期日不上班。

说明:叙述或否定一个事实或看法。

2、疑问句:(1)一般疑问句:Are you a worker? 你是个工人吗?Yes, I am. 是的,我是工人。

Haven’t you seen the film? No, I haven’t. 你没看过这部电影吗?没看过。

说明:以一个助动词,情态动词或动词be开始的问句。

回答要用yes或no。

(2)特殊疑问句:Who is the man? 这人是谁?When do you watch TV? 你什么时间看电视?What are they doing now? 他们现在正在干什么?说明:以一个疑问代词或疑问副词开头的句子一般要用倒装句语序(或称为疑问词加一般疑问句)(3)选择疑问句:Do you want tea or coffee? Either will do. 你要茶水还是要咖啡?哪种都行。

Does he learn Japanese or French? He learns French. 他学日语还是学法语?他学法语。

说明:提出两个或两个以上的情况,选择一个作为答案。

(4)反意疑问句:They are goi ng to the airport, aren’t they? 他们要去机场,是吗?You haven’t finished your homework, have you? 你没做完作业,是吗?说明:提出情况或看法问对方是否同意。

高中英语语法教案-句子的种类

高中英语语法教案-句子的种类

高中英语语法教案-句子的种类(一)按使用目的,句子可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。

1)陈述句(Declarative Sentences):说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。

例如:Light travels faster than sound. 光比声传播速度快。

(说明事实)The film is rather boring. 这部电影很乏味。

(说明看法)2)疑问句(Interrogative Sentences):提出问题。

有以下四种:a. 一般疑问句(General Questions):Can you finish the work in time? 你能按时完成工作吗?b. 特殊疑问句(Wh-Questions):Where do you live? 你住那儿?c. 选择疑问句(Alternative Questions):Do you want tea or coffee? 你是要茶还是要咖啡?d. 反意疑问句(Tag-Questions):He doesn\'t know her, does he? 他不认识她,对不对?3)祈使句(Imperative Sentences):提出请求,建议或发出命令。

例如:Don\'t be nervous! 别紧张!4)感叹句(Exclamatory Sentences):表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪。

例如:What good news it is! 多好的消息啊!(二)句子按其结构可以分为以下三类:1)简单句(Simple Sentences):只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句。

例如:She is fond of collecting stamps. 她喜欢集邮。

2)并列句(Compound Sentences):包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子叫并列句,句与句之间通常用并列连词或分号来连接。

例如:The food was good, but he had little appetite. 食物很精美,但他却没什么胃口。

高三英语语法句子种类与类型

高三英语语法句子种类与类型
English Grammar
Sentence II
英语句子种类与类型
I、句子种类(按交际用途分) 陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、 THERE-BE存在句
II、句子类型(按句子结构分) 简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句
提 纲
I、句子种类(按交际用途分)
陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、 感叹句、THERE-BE存在句
2、疑问句 有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择
疑问句、反义疑问句。
1)一般疑问句 用来询问一件事,答案通常是yes或
I
no,注意语序。

Have you anything to say?


Did someone phone me last night?


Can’t you understand it?
Isn’t it a beautiful lake?
---Haven’t you been to the UK?
---No, I haven’t.
2)特殊疑问句 疑问词有
who,whose,what,which,where,when,why,how等。
(1)陈述语序
I
Who was the first man in space?

(2)倒装语序
Hale Waihona Puke 句 子Who are you talking about?


注:A、简略式
Why not go alone? Why get so angry?
I like neither Cathy nor Mary.
3)否定转移
I don’t think it will be very cold today.

高考英语总复习实用精品学案 高考语法专题 倒装句和省略句 新人教版

高考英语总复习实用精品学案 高考语法专题 倒装句和省略句 新人教版

高考英语总复习实用精品学案高考语法专题倒装句和省略句新人教版1.全部倒装全部倒装是指整个谓语放到主语的前面,即谓语在前,主语在后。

有下列几种:(1)there be (lie, stand, live...)句型。

there be是谓语,其后的名词是主语。

There are different forms of energy.On the top of the mountain there stands an old temple.Once upon a time, there lived a poor fisherman.(2)在以here, there, out, in, up, down, away,now,then等开头的句子中。

There goes the bell.Here comes the bus.Out rushed the boy.Away went the children.The door opened and there entered a middle-aged man.【注意】主语是人称代词时不倒装。

例如:Here it is.给你。

Away he went.他走了。

(3)直接引语在句首。

“What does it mean?” asked the boy.(4)为了使句子保持平衡,有时需要倒装。

Nearby were two canoes in which they had come to the island.On the winding path were to be found footprints of somestrange animals.2.部分倒装即将谓语的一部分提到主语之前。

相当于变为一般疑问句中的谓语。

是倒装句的重点,也是高考考查的热点之一。

部分倒装主要有以下几种情况:(1)Only +状语在句首:Only then did I realize that I was wrong.Only when the war was over in1918 was he able to get happilyback to work.【注意】如果only后没有状语,即使在句首也不倒装。

高考英语语法句子类型及句子成分基础知识

高考英语语法句子类型及句子成分基础知识

高考英语语法基础---句子种类分类一.句子种类(按照用途分类)1.陈述句2.祈使句3.感叹句4.疑问句(一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,选择疑问句,反意疑问句。

)具体知识:1.陈述句陈述句(Declarative Sentence)是陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法。

它包括肯定句(The Affirmative Sentence)和否定句(The Negative Sentence)两种。

陈述句在书写时句末用句号,在朗读时用降调。

陈述句的五种基本句型:(1) 主语+连系动词+表语(2) 主语+谓语(不及物动词)(3) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语(4) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语(5) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honesty.2. 祈使句祈使句常常是表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。

因此,祈使句中一般没有主语,但根据其句意,实际上是省略了主语you。

祈使句句末用感叹号或句号,朗读时,常用降调。

在表达请求或劝告时,在祈使句前或句末可加上please,以使句子的语气更加缓和或客气。

祈使句一般没有时态的变化,也不能与情态动词连用。

Keep off the grass! 勿踩踏草地!Always keep in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.3. 感叹句感叹句的基本构成形式1).What(+a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!2).How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!3).How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!You can't imagine how crucial a role the pigeons played in the battlefields.你无法想象在过去的战场山鸽子发挥了多么重要的作用。

高考英语语法句子类型及句子成分基础知识点

高考英语语法句子类型及句子成分基础知识点

高考英语语法基础---句子种类分类一.句子种类(按照用途分类)1.陈述句2.祈使句3.感叹句4.疑问句(一般疑问句,特殊疑问句,选择疑问句,反意疑问句。

)具体知识:1.陈述句陈述句(Declarative Sentence)是陈述一个事实或者说话人的看法。

它包括肯定句(The Affirmative Sentence)和否定句(The Negative Sentence)两种。

陈述句在书写时句末用句号,在朗读时用降调。

陈述句的五种基本句型:(1) 主语+连系动词+表语(2) 主语+谓语(不及物动词)(3) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语(4) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+间接宾语+直接宾语(5) 主语+谓语(及物动词)+宾语+宾语补足语My uncle tells me that the key to his success is honesty.2. 祈使句祈使句常常是表达说话人对对方的劝告、叮嘱、请求或命令等。

因此,祈使句中一般没有主语,但根据其句意,实际上是省略了主语you。

祈使句句末用感叹号或句号,朗读时,常用降调。

在表达请求或劝告时,在祈使句前或句末可加上please,以使句子的语气更加缓和或客气。

祈使句一般没有时态的变化,也不能与情态动词连用。

Keep off the grass! 勿踩踏草地!Always keep in mind that your main task is to get this company running smoothly.3. 感叹句感叹句的基本构成形式1).What(+a/an)+形容词+名词+主语+谓语!2).How+形容词+a/an+可数名词单数+主语+谓语!3).How+形容词/副词+主语+谓语!You can't imagine how crucial a role the pigeons played in the battlefields.你无法想象在过去的战场山鸽子发挥了多么重要的作用。

2020高考英语语法复习精品学案-特殊句型及其他

2020高考英语语法复习精品学案-特殊句型及其他

高考英语二轮语法复习学案(特殊句型及其他)一、强调句(一)强调句句型1、陈述句的强调句型:It is/ was + 被强调部分(通常是主语、宾语或状语)+ that/ who(当强调主语且主语指人)+ 其它部分。

e.g. It was yesterday that he met Li Ping.2、一般疑问句的强调句型:同上,只是把is/ was提到it前面。

e.g. Was it yesterday that he met Li Ping?3、特殊疑问句的强调句型:被强调部分(通常是疑问代词或疑问副词)+ is/ was + it + that/ who + 其它部分?e.g. When and where was it that you were born?4、强调句例句:针对I met Li Ming at the railway station yesterday.句子进行强调。

强调主语:It was I that (who) met LiMing at the railway station yesterday. 强调宾语:It was Li Ming that I met at the railway station yesterday.强调地点状语:It was at the railway station that I met Li Ming yesterday. 强调时间状语:It was yesterday that I met Li Ming at the railway station.5、注意:构成强调句的it本身没有词义;强调句中的连接词一般只用that, who,即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此,that, who不可省略;强调句中的时态只用两种,一般现在时和一般过去时。

原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时,用It was …,其余的时态用It is …。

高考英语复习学案:句子成分和句子结构专题(2020版)

高考英语复习学案:句子成分和句子结构专题(2020版)

句子的种类和句子成分专题一、句子成分的概念句子是由各个组成部分构成的,这些组成的部分称之为句子的成分。

总体来说,一个完整的句子必须包含“主语+谓语”两个部分,这是一个句子的核心成分。

除此之外,句子成分还有宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语、同位语、独立成分等。

例:1、The little eagle grew up. 小鹰长大了。

(主语)(谓语)2、The People’s Republic of China was born in 1949. 中华人民共和国成立于1949年。

(主语)(谓语)(时间状语)3、I met my best friend Tom at the station yesterday. 我昨天在车站遇到了我最好的朋友汤姆。

主谓宾同位语状语二、句子的种类句子可大致分为:简单句、并列句、复合句三类。

1、简单句:只含有一套主谓结构的句子称为简单句,简单句只有一个谓语。

例:1)I went to Japan last year. 我去年去了日本。

2)These boys are playing basketball. 这些孩子正在打篮球。

2、并列句:含有两个或两个以上的简单句并列而成的句子,称之为并列句,这些简单句之间一般由并列连词或分号连接,且地位平等。

例:1)His brother is a doctor and his sister is a singer. 他哥哥是一名医生,他姐姐是一名歌手。

2)I hoped to study abroad, but fate had decided other wise. 我本来希望出国留学,但天意弄人难如愿。

3)Neither I would consult him nor he would ask me for advice. 我不想和他商量,他也不会来征求我的意见。

【常见的并列连接词】and; but; or; yet; for; so; and so; while; whereas; as well as; rather than; not only…but also; either….or; neither….nor3、复合句:也称为主从复合句,指由一个主句和一个或多个从句构成的句子。

高中英语语法-句子的种类

高中英语语法-句子的种类

高中英语语法-句子的种类(一)按使用目的,句子可分为陈述句、疑问句、祈使句和感叹句。

1)陈述句(Declarative Sentences):说明一个事实或陈述一种看法。

例如:Light travels faster than sound. 光比声传播速度快。

(说明事实)The film is rather boring. 这部电影很乏味。

(说明看法)2)疑问句(Interrogative Sentences):提出问题。

有以下四种:a. 一般疑问句(General Questions):Can you finish the work in time? 你能按时完成工作吗?b. 特殊疑问句(Wh-Questions):Where do you live? 你住那儿?c. 选择疑问句(Alternative Questions):Do you want tea or coffee? 你是要茶还是要咖啡?d. 反意疑问句(Tag-Questions):He doesn't know her, does he? 他不认识她,对不对?3)祈使句(Imperative Sentences):提出请求,建议或发出命令。

例如:Don't be nervous! 别紧张!4)感叹句(Exclamatory Sentences):表示说话人惊奇、喜悦、愤怒等情绪。

例如:What good news it is! 多好的消息啊!(二)句子按其结构可以分为以下三类:1)简单句(Simple Sentences):只包含一个主谓结构句子叫简单句。

例如:She is fond of collecting stamps. 她喜欢集邮。

2)并列句(Compound Sentences):包含两个或两个以上主谓结构的句子叫并列句,句与句之间通常用并列连词或分号来连接。

例如:The food was good, but he had little appetite. 食物很精美,但他却没什么胃口。

高三英语语法句子种类与类型

高三英语语法句子种类与类型

I don’t think it will be very cold today.
(believe, expect, suppose,imagine)
2、疑问句 有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择
疑问句、反义疑问句。
1)一般疑问句 用来询问一件事,答案通常是yes或
I
no,注意语序。

Have you anything to say?
I
She cannot have arrived now.

注:1)半否定句


I hardly know anything about it.

2)部分否定句与全否定句

I don’t like both the films.
I like neither Cathy nor Mary.
3)否定转移
英语句子种类与类型
I、句子种类(按交际用途分) 陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、 THERE-BE存在句
II、句子类型(按句子结构分) 简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句
提 纲
1、陈述句 说明一个事实或陈述一个看法,有肯定式和否 定式,语序是主语在前,位于在后。
She arrived early.


Did someone phone me last night?
种ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ

Can’t you understand it?
Isn’t it a beautiful lake?
---Haven’t you been to the UK?
---No, I haven’t.

; 营销手机

高考英语复习正确使用5种基本句型学案含解析北师大版

高考英语复习正确使用5种基本句型学案含解析北师大版

高考英语复习正确使用5种基本句型学案含解析北师大版学案:一、陈述句陈述句是最基本的句型之一,用来陈述事实、描述情况或表达观点。

陈述句有肯定句和否定句之分。

1.肯定句的结构为:主语+动词+其他成分。

例如:He is a student.(他是学生。

)2. 否定句的结构为:主语 + be 动词(或助动词)的否定形式 + 其他成分。

例如:She isn't here.(她不在这里。

)二、疑问句疑问句用来询问信息、征求意见或确认事。

疑问句可以分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句和选择疑问句。

1. 一般疑问句的结构为:助动词(be, do, have等) + 主语 + 其他成分?(注:对于第三人称单数,一般疑问句中的助动词要加s。

)例如:Are you a teacher?(你是老师吗?)2.特殊疑问句用来询问其中一具体内容,其结构为:疑问词+一般疑问句。

例如:What is your name?(你叫什么名字?)3. 选择疑问句是一种带有两个或多个选择的疑问句,其结构为:选择词 + 助动词(be, do, have等) + 主语 + 其他成分?例如:Do you like apples or oranges?(你喜欢苹果还是橙子?)三、祈使句祈使句用来表示命令、请求、建议或劝告等。

祈使句的主语通常是you,但往往省略不写。

1.结构为:动词(原形)+其他成分。

例如:Close the door.(关上门。

)四、感叹句感叹句用来表达赞叹、惊叹、疑问或感慨等情绪。

感叹句通常以what或how引导。

1. 结构为:what/how + 形容词/副词/名词/动词 + 其他成分。

例如:What a beautiful sunset!(多美的日落啊!)五、倒装句倒装句是将谓语动词或助动词提到主语之前,用于强调或表示其中一种语气。

常见的倒装句有全部倒装和部分倒装。

1. 全部倒装:将助动词(be, do, have等)或情态动词(can, may, must等)放在主语之前。

专题一:句子的种类和结构(高考英语语法复习)

专题一:句子的种类和结构(高考英语语法复习)

一.句子的种类和结构种类1.用途角度(1).陈述句:陈述一件事情,分为肯定句和否定句(2).疑问句:提出问题,分为一般疑问句、特殊疑问句(what where when why which who how)、选择疑问句(or)、反义疑问句(3)、祈使句:提出命令要求请求Eg. Set down please.(4)、感叹句:表达强烈的感情1)、由"what"引导的感叹句:"what"意为"多么"用作定语,修饰名词(被强调部分),单数可数名词前要加不定冠词a/an,复数可数名词或不可数名词前不用冠词.这类句子的结构形式是:what+(a/an)+adj.+n.+主语+谓语+(it is).Eg.what a clever girl she is!What an interesting story it is!What good children they are!What delicious food it is!2)、由"how"引导的感叹句:"how"意为"多么",用作状语,修饰形容词或副词(被强调部分).如果修饰形容词,则句中的谓语动词用系动词;如果how修饰副词,则句中的谓语动词用行为动词,这类句子的结构形式是:How+adj.(adv.)+主语+谓语+(it is).How cold it is today!How nice the pictures are!How well she sings!3)、在表示同一意义时,英语感叹既可用"what"引导,也可用"how"引导.如:①What a hot day it is!How hot the day is !②What tall buildings they are!How tall the buildings are!4)、感叹句在表示激动强烈的感情时,口语中常常采用省略句,其后面的主语和谓语往往略去不讲.2.结构句子是按照一定的语法规律组成的,表达一个完整的意义。

高考英语语法复习精品学案-句子种类

高考英语语法复习精品学案-句子种类

专项训练(三)句子种类一、句子成分(一)句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。

句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

(二)主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。

但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

例如:During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.(名词)We often speak English in class.(代词)One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式)Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词)The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词)When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)(三)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。

谓语的构成如下:1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。

如:He prac tices running every morning.2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。

如:You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. (2)由系动词加表语构成。

高考英语复习语法知识讲解讲义(5种基本句型+4种句子成分)

高考英语复习语法知识讲解讲义(5种基本句型+4种句子成分)

高考英语基本句型英语中常见的句型有以下五种:1、主语 + 谓语2、主语 + 谓语 + 宾语3、主语 + 谓语 + 间接宾语 + 直接宾语4、主语 + 谓语 + 宾语 + 宾语补足语5、主语 + 谓语(系动词)+ 表语一、主谓结构I write、(我写字)You smile、(你微笑)He leaves、(他离开了)She dances、(她跳舞)The river floods、(河水泛滥)The accident happened、(那场事故发生了)某人(或事物)做某事,其中某人(或事物)是动作或行为的发起者,我们称其为主语,后面的动作或行为我们称之为谓语。

二、主谓宾结构I write a letter.You leave your home.He goes to school.She beats me.The flood destroys many houses.The accident causes 2 deaths.上述句子的共同点在于除了表示某人(或事物)做某事之外,还牵涉了另一个人(或事物),这个人(或事物)作为动作或行为的承受者,我们称其为宾语。

三、主谓+双宾结构I write you a letter.His father left him a lot of money.He bought me a new phone.She told me the truth.The government gave him a new mission.在主谓宾结构之外,上述句子又增加了一个人(或事物)作为动作的承受者,也就是又一个宾语。

也可以改写为:I wrote a letter to you.His father left a lot of money to him.He bought a new phone for me.She told the truth to me.The government gave a new mission to him.可以看到,这样调整之后句子的前半部分仍然是完整的主谓宾结构。

高中英语句子分类考点复习教案

高中英语句子分类考点复习教案

高中英语句子分类考点复习教案(一)句子种类两种分类法1、按句子的用途可分四种:1)陈述句(肯定、否定):He is six years old; She didn't hear of you before.2)疑问句(一般、特殊、选择、反意):Do they like skating? How old is he? Is he six or seven years old? Mary can swim, can't she?3)祈使句:Be careful, boys; Don't talk in class4)感叹句:How clever the boy is!2、按句子的结构可分三种:1)简单句:只有一个主语(或并列主语)和一个谓语(或并列谓语)。

e. g. He often reads English in the morning.Tom and Mike are American boys.She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.2) 并列句:由并列连词(and, but, or等)或分号(;)把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起构成。

e. g. You help him and he helps you.The future is bright; the road is tortuous. 前途是光明的,道路是曲折的。

3)复合句:含有一个或一个以上从句的句子。

复合句包含:名词性从句(主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句)、定语从句和状语从句等。

e. g. The foreign visitors took a lot of pictures when they were at the Great Wall.(二)简单句的五种基本句型1、主语+系动词+表语:e. g. He is a student.2、主语+不及物动词:e. g. We work.3、主语+及物动词+宾语:e. g. Henry bought a dictionary.4、主语+及物动词+双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语):e. g. My father bought me a car.5、主语+及物动词+复合宾语(宾语+宾补):e. g. Tom made the baby laugh.注:其他各种句子都可由这一种基本句型扩展、变化或省略而构成。

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高考英语二轮语法复习学案(句子种类)一、句子成分(一)句子成分的定义:构成句子的各个部分叫做句子成分。

句子成分有主要成分和次要成分;主要成分有主语和谓语;次要成分有表语、宾语、定语、状语、补足语和同位语。

(二)主语:主语是一个句子所叙述的主体,一般位于句首。

但在there be结构、疑问句(当主语不疑问词时)和倒装句中,主语位于谓语、助动词或情态动词后面。

主语可由名词、代词、数词、不定式、动名词、名词化的形容词和主语从句等表示。

例如:During the 1990s, American country music has become more and more popular.(名词)We often speak English in class.(代词)One-third of the students in this class are girls.(数词)To swim in the river is a great pleasure.(不定式)Smoking does harm to the health.(动名词)The rich should help the poor.(名词化的形容词)When we are going to have an English test has not been decided.(主语从句)It is necessary to master a foreign language.(it作形式主语,真正的主语为后面的不定式)(三)谓语:谓语说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。

动词在句中作谓语,一般放在主语之后。

谓语的构成如下:1、简单谓语:由一个动词或动词短语构成。

如:He prac tices running every morning.2、复合谓语:(1)由情态动词或其他助动词加动词原形构成。

如:You may keep the book for two weeks. He has caught a bad cold. (2)由系动词加表语构成。

如:We are students. (四)表语:表语用以说明主语的身份、特征和状态,它一般位于系动词(如be, become, get, look, grow, turn, seem等)之后。

表语一般由名词、代词、形容词、分词、数词、不定式、动名词、介词短语、副词及表语从句表示。

例如:Our teacher of English is an American.(名词)Is it yours?(代词)The weather has turned cold.(形容词)The speech is exciting.(分词)Three times seven is twenty one?(数词)His job is to teach English.(不定式)His hobby(爱好)is playing football.(动名词)The machine must be out of order.(介词短语)Time is up. The class is over.(副词)The truth is that he has never been abroad.(表语从句)(五)宾语:宾语表示动作的对象或承爱者,一般位于及物动词和介词后面。

例如:They went to see an e xhibition(展览)yesterday.(名词)The heavy rain prevented me form coming to school on time.(代词)How many dictionaries do you have? I have five.(数词)They helped the old with their housework yesterday.(名词化形容词)He pretended not to see me.(不定式短语)I enjoy listening to popular music.(动名词短语)I think(that)he is fit for his office.(宾语从句)宾语种类:(1)双宾语(间接宾语+直接宾语),例如:Lend me your dictionary, please.(2)复合宾语(宾语+宾补),例如:They elected him their monitor.(六)宾语补足语:英语中有些及物动词,除有一个直接宾语以外,还要有一个宾语补语,才能使句子的意义完整。

带有宾语补足语的一般句型为:某些及物动词(如make等+宾语+宾补)。

宾补可由名词、形容词、副词、不定式、分词、介词短语和从句充当。

例如:His father named him Dongming.(名词)They painted their boat white.(形容词)Let the fresh air in.(副词)You mustn’t force him to lend his money to you.(不定式短语)We saw her entering the room.(现在分词)We found everything in the lab in good order.(介词短语)We will soon make our city what your city is now.(从句)(七)定语:修饰名词或代词的词、短语或从句称为定语。

定语可由以下等成分表示:Guilin is a beautiful city.(形容词)China is a developing country; America is a developed country.(分词)There are thirty women teachers is our school.(名词)His rapid progress in English made us surprised.(代词)Our monitor is always the first to enter the classroom.(不定式短语)The teaching plan for next term has been worked out.(动名词)He is reading an article about how to learn English.(介词短语)(八)状语:修饰动词、形容词、副词或整个句子,说明动作或状态特征的句子成分,叫做状语。

可由以下形式表示:Light travels most quickly.(副词及副词性词组)He has lived in the city for ten years.(介词短语)He is proud to have passed the national college entrance examination.(不定式短语)He is in the room making a model plane.(分词短语)Wait a minute.(名词)Once you begin, you must continue.(状语从句)状语种类如下:How about meeting again at six?(时间状语)Last night she didn’t go to the dance party because of the rain.(原因状语)I shall go there if it doesn’t rain.(条件状语)Mr Smith lives on the third floor.(地点状语)She put the eggs into the basket with great care.(方式状语)She came in with a dictionary in her hand.(伴随状语)In order to catch up with the others, I must work harder.(目的状语)He was so tired that he fell asleep immediately.(结果状语)She works very hard though she is old.(让步状语)I am taller than he is.(比较状语)练习一一、指出下列句子划线部分是什么句子成分:1. The students got on the school bus.2. He handed me the newspaper.3. I shall answer your question after class.4. What a beautiful Chinese painting!5. They went hunting together early in the morning.6. His job is to train swimmers.7. He took many photos of the palaces in Beijing.8. There is going to be an American film tonight.9. He is to leave for Shanghai tomorrow.10. His wish is to become a scientist.11. He managed to finish the work in time.12. Tom came to ask me for advice.13. He found it important to master English.14. Do you have anything else to say?15. To be honest; your pronunciation is not so good.16. Would you please tell me your addre ss?17. He sat there, reading a newspaper.18. It is our duty to keep our classroom clean and tidy.19. He noticed a man enter the room.20. The apples tasted sweet.二、用符号划出下列短文各句中的主语(—)、谓语(=)、宾语(~):I hope you are very well. I'm fine, but tired. Right now it is the summer vacation and I'm helping my Dad on the farm.August is the hottest month here. It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawn until dark. Sometimes we go on working after dark by the lights of our tractors. We grow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat. We have a lot of machines on the farm. Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him. But he employs more men for the harvest. My brother takes care of the vegetable garden. It doesn't often rain in the summer here. As a result, we have to water the vegetable garden. Every evening we pump water from a well. It then runs along channels to different parts of the garden. 三、用符号划出下列短文各句中的定语(—)、状语(=)、补语(~):Most Saturday evenings there is a party, even at harvest time. These parties often make us very happy. We cook meat on an open fire outside. It's great! Americans eat a lot of meat —too much in my opinion. Some of my friends drink beer. I don't, because I have to drive home after the party. In your letter you asked about the time in different areas of the States. There are five different time areas in the States. In my state we are fourteen hoursbehind Beijing time. How many different time areas do you have in China? Well, I must stop and get some sleep. Please give my best regards to your parents.四、选择填空:( )1. ____ will leave for Beijin g.A. Now there the manB. The man here nowC. The man who is here nowD. The man is here now ( ) 2. The weather ____.A. wet and coldB. is wet and coldC. not wet and coldD. were wet and cold( ) 3. The apple tasted ____.A. sweetsB. sweetlyC. nicelyD. sweet( ) 4. He got up ____ yesterday morning.A. latelyB. lateC. latestD. latter( )5. The actor ______at the age of 70.A. deadB. diedC. dyedD. deaded( )6. ____ were all very tired, but none of ____ would stop to take a rest.A. We, usB. Us, weC. We, ourD.。

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