首师大附中2020届高三第二学期开学测试英语试题及答案

北京市海淀区首师附中2019-2020学年度第二学期入学考试高三英语试卷 4.28考试 4.24出题考试时间120分钟满分120分第一节语法填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，共15分）阅读下列短文，根据短文内容填空。

在未给提示词的空白处仅填写1个适当的单词，在给出提示词的空白处用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

AWhich sea animal is1(good)at escaping?The answer may be the octopus(章鱼).An octopus’body is very soft.There are no bones in it.The small animal has just two little hard parts in2(it)mouth.So it can go into very small spaces.An octopus weighing about230g can pass3a2.5cm-wide hole.BI lost my wallet after going shopping last Friday evening.But I didn’t realize it was missing until five hours later.I couldn’t remember4I lost it.I stayed up all night and worried about my wallet.The next day,I went back to the shops that I 5(visit)and asked about my wallet.A manager at one store came over and said,“Someone turned this in last night.We thought you might come back to look for it, 6we kept it for you.”CWhen I was a child,I was a picky eater.There were many7(food)that I didn’t like to eat.But there is one meal I have always loved:grilled（烤的）cheese and tomato soup.It’s just two pieces of toasted bread with cheese in the middle, 8(serve)with a bowl of tomato soup.This kind of food9(call)“comfort food”.“Comfort food”is simple,easy-to-make and delicious.It always 10(taste)great.Your parents might make meals like this for you when you are not feeling well.第二节完形填空(共20小题;每小题1.5分，共30分)阅读下面短文，掌握其大意，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑.Dale Carnegie rose from the unknown of a Missouri farm to international fame because he found a way to fill a universal human need.It was a need that he first11back in1906when young Dale was a junior at State Teachers College in Warrensburg.To get an12,he was struggling against many difficulties.His family was poor.His Dad couldn't afford the13at college,so Dale had to ride horseback12miles to attend classes.Study had to be done14his farm-work routines.He withdrew from many school activities15 he didn't have the time or the16.He had only one good suit.He tried17 the football team.but the coach turned him down for being too18.During this period Dale was slowly19an inferiority complex(自卑感),which his mother knew could20him from achieving his real potential.She21that Dale join the debating team,believing that22in speaking could give him the confidence and recognition that he needed.Dale took his mother's advice,tried desperately and after several attempts23 made it.This proved to be a24point in his life.Speaking before groups did help him gain the25he needed.By the time Dale was a senior.he had won every top honor in26.Now other students were coming to him for coaching and they.27,were winning contests.Out of this early struggle to28his feelings of inferiority,Dale came to understand that the ability to29an idea to an audience builds a person's confidence.And,30it,Dale knew he could do anything he wanted to do-and so could others.11.A.admitted B.filled C.recognized D.supplied12.A.assignment B.instruction C.advantage cation13.A.board B.training C.teaching D.equipment14.A.during B.between C.over D.through15.A.while B.once C.though D.because16.A.permits B.preparation C.clothes D.exploration17.A.for B.on C.in D.With18.A.flexible B.light C.Optimistic D.cautious19.A.gaining B.achieving C.obtaining D.developing20.A.protect B.prevent C.promote D.predict21.A.demanded B.suggested C.inspected D.insisted22.A.practice B.presence C.passion D.potential23.A.hopefully B.immediately C.naturally D.finally24.A.key B.breaking C.turning D.basic25.A.progress B.experience C.confidence petence26.A.speech B.football C.horse-riding D.farming27.A.in return B.in turn C.in brief D.in fact28.A.overcome B.convey C.approach D.possess29.A.recommend B.stress C.contribute D.express30.A.besides B.beyond C.with D.around第三部分：阅读理解（共两节，40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，共30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

AA trip to LondonMy family had dreamed of a trip to London for a long time.Luckily it was possible for us to realize our dream because all of us were free on the weekend.We planned to drive into Cambridge and caught the7:34train to Liverpool Street Station.Then my wife and I would separate from Joan,my wife’s sister,to do different things and finally meet again for lunch.And after lunch,we would go to the concert.But we were late because of a thick London fog.The train had to move along so slowly that it was not until10:30that it got there.In spite of our late arrival,Joan decided that she would go to see the Crown Jewels in the Tower of London while we went shopping.It was only after her sister had disappeared into the fog that my wife realized that we hadn’t decided where we should meet for lunch.Since I had our three tickets for the concert in my pocket,this was indeed a problem.We didn’t have any mobile phones at that time.There seemed to be nothing we could do except taking a taxi to the Tower of London,and try to find her there.Needless to say,we didn’t find her.It was now one o’clock,and the concert began at2:30.“Perhaps she will think of waiting outside the concert hall,”said my wife hopefully.By this time the fog was so thick that road traffic had to stop,and the only way to get there was by subway. Hand in hand we felt our way along the road to where we thought the nearest station should be.An hour later we were still trying to find it.Just when I was about to become angry,we met a blind man tapping his way confidently through the fog. With his help we found the subway station which was just fifty meters down the road.By now it was far too late to get to the concert hall before the performance began at2:30,so we decided to return to Cambridge.It took seven hours instead of the usual two to make that journey.Nor were we able to get any food and drink on the train.We were tired and hungry.We finally reached home at ten.Opening the door we were amazed to find Joan at home;she had seen the Crown Jewels,had managed to get another ticket for concert,and had had a wonderful dinner at a restaurant.Of course,she managed to get home,too.Oh my god!31.What did the writer plan to do after lunch that day?A.Go to the concert.B.Return to Cambridge.C.Go shopping.D.See the Crown Jewels.32.The writer and his wife separated from Joan because_______.A.they were late for the concertB.Joan didn’t want to go to the concertC.there was a thick fogD.they planned to do different things until lunch time33.Who helped the writer find the subway station?A.A taxi driver.B.A blind man.C.His wife.D.Joan.BHigh-Wire ActMickey Wilson had been on the mountain only a few seconds when he heard the scream.Wilson,28years old,had just gotten off the cable car(索道缆车)at the Arapahoe Basin Ski Area in Keystone,Colorado,along with his friends BillySimmons and Hans Mueller.Their friend Richard had been on the cable car ahead of them,but when the men reached the top of the lift,he had disappeared.The men walked toward the source of the scream and found skiers stopped on the slope, pointing to the cable car.And then the friends screamed too.“Oh,Richard!”yelled Mueller.When Richard had tried to jump off the cable car,his backpack had been caught in the chair,which then dragged him back down the hill.In the process,the backpack belt twisted around his neck,making him breathless.Now Richard’s body was swinging four feet above the snow.The cable car operator had quickly stopped it,and the friends kicked off their skis and ran toward the scene.They made a human pyramid to try to reach Richard,but the unconscious man was too far off the ground. With the clock ticking,Wilson ran to the ladder of a nearby lift tower.Scared skiers watched as he struggled the25feet.After he reached the top,Wilson’s first challenge was to climb onto the two-inch steel cable that held the chairs.He handled the balance and height bravely,but he knew he could not walk on the cable.Therefore,he calmed down and sat over it and then used his hands to pull himself to Richard quickly. Wilson’s greatest fear wasn’t that he’d fall,but that he wouldn’t reach Richard.“This was life or death,”he said.When he reached Richard’s chair,Wilson swung a leg over the cable and attempted to drop down onto i t.But as he did that,his jacket caught on the movable footrest,which was in the up position.The footrest began to slide down,with Wilson attached.But before that could happen,he managed to free himself and reached Richard.Fortunately,the ski patrol(巡查)had gathered below and performed emergency treatment on Richard,who had been hanging for about five minutes,then skied him down to an ambulance.That night,Richard called from the hospital to express his thanks to Wilson,his other friends and the workers at the Arapahoe Basin Ski Area.34.What happened to Richard when he tried to jump off the cable car?A.He was sick and became unconscious.B.He left his skis which stopped the cable car.C.He was too afraid to move forward in the cable car.D.He was caught by the neck,hanging down the cable.35.How did Richard survive?A.People worked together and saved him.B.Wilson climbed on the cable and saved him.C.The ski patrol got him down and treated him.D.Skiers treated him and carried him to the hospital.36.The author wrote the fourth paragraph to show that_______.A.the rescue process was dangerousB.something was wrong with the cable carC.Wilson could manage the process very wellD.the operator of the cable car ignored his duty37.The story at the Arapahoe Basin Ski Area mainly tells us______.A.it is very dangerous to go skiingB.he that climbs high often falls heavilyC.bravery and calm can help you make a differenceD.a person with a great talent always has great will-powerCYou can’t walk into the office without Rihanna’s voice singing“work work work work work work”in your head.And that one line from Lady Gaga’s“Bad Romance”still makes you want to scream.These are commonly known as earworm songs—those sticky tunes that continue to play in your head.A recent study finds that more than90%of adults report hearing earworm songs on a weekly basis.Fortunately,most people report earworm songs as pleasant.But others find them annoying or even maddening.“Some people are troubled by them to the point that it disturbs life,”says Elizabeth Hellmuth Margulis,a professor at the University of Arkansas who has studied earworm songs.Margulis says earworm songs tend to have some predictable characteristics.For one thing,they tend to be small parts of a song—not the whole track.And“the songs you’ve heard recently also have the most possibility to get stuck in your memory,”she says.But sometimes something strange and unpredictable can also start a track playing in your head.“Once I was at the doctor’s office and saw a poster of a man who I thought looked like Gaston—a character from Beauty and the Beast,”Margulis recalls.A couple minutes passed,and she realized she couldn’t get“Be Our Guest”,the song in the movie,out of her head,even though she hadn’t thought of the tune in years.In that instance,she was able to identify her earworm’s trigger:the Gaston-looking man in the poster.“But the connections can be really unclear,”she says.Margulis points out that,in all of human history,recorded music is a very new phenomenon.She says some have inferred that earworm songs are also new—the unintended consequence of being able to hear the same song played everywhere in the same way over and over again.So far,the convincing explanation for why human beings experience earworm songs remains a mystery.But there are some well-established ways to cast off the earworm songs.“Finding a mentally demanding task and putting your mind on it usually shifts attention away from internal music.People tend to get earworms when performing tasks that don’t require their full attention—stuff like doing the dishes,”Margulis says.Chewing gum can also help.When a song is stuck in our heads,it’s almost like we’re singing along with it.If you make your mouth do something else—chewing gum,eating a meal or talking with a friend—that can kick out the earworm.You could also face your enemy.By listening to the full track that includes the passage stuck in your head,you may find“closure”and relief.38.Which of the following is most likely to be an earworm song?A.A song made up of simple words.B.A song heard frequently these days.C.A song sung by a most famous singer.D.A song learned during one’s childhood.39.What does the underlined word“trigger”in Paragraph4mean?A.Type.B.Tune.C.Cause.D. Characteristic.40.We can infer that earworm songs may_______.A.result from modern technologyB.be experienced over mealsC.help regain lost memoriesD.hurt one’s hearing41.What is mainly talked about in the last three paragraphs?A.Why we hear earworm songs.B.Where to find earworm songs.C.When we hear earworm songs.D.How to get over earworm songs.DCyclingYou need only look at a professional cyclist to appreciate the potential effects of cycling on the body.But what about the mind?It’s a question that has long challenged anyone who has wondered how riding a bike can offer what feels close to a state of emptying your mind.Dr.John Ratey thinks cycling increases“the chemistry in your brain that makes you feel calm,”but also that carrying out multiple operations while cycling can be an effective treatment,as shown in a German study involving115children,half of whom did activities such as cycling that involved complex movements,while the rest performed more straightforward exercises with the same aerobic(有氧的)demands. Both groups did better than they previously had in concentration tests,but the “complex”group did a lot better.There have been other interesting findings too.In2003,Dr.Jay Alberts rode a tandem bicycle,a bicycle built for two riders sitting one behind the other,across the American state of Ohio with a friend who has Parkinson’s(帕金森)disease,a condition affecting the nervous system.The idea was to raise awareness of the disease, but to the surprise of both riders,the patient showed significant improvements.Dr.Jay Alberts then scanned the brains of26Parkinson’s patients during and after an eight-week exercise programme using bikes.Half the patients were allowed to ride at their own paces,while the others were pushed harder.All patients improved,and the group which was pushed harder showed particularly significant increases in connectivity between areas of intelligence responsible for functions such as walking and picking things up.We don’t know how this happens,but there is more evidence of the link between Parkinson’s and cycling.A video on the Internet shows a58-year-old man with severe Parkinson’s.At first,we watch the patient trying to walk.He can barely stand and his hands shake uncontrollably.Then we see the man on a bicycle being supported by others.With a push,he’s off,cycling past cars with perfect balance.Doctors don’t fully understand this discrepancy either,but say that cycling may act as some sort of action that helped the patient’s brain.The science of cycling is incomplete,but perhaps the most remarkable thing for the everyday rider is that it can require no conscious focus at all.The mindlessness of cycling can not only make us happier,but also leave room for other thoughts.On the seat of my bike,I’ve solved problems at work and made life decisions,as,I’m sure, have countless others.42.What does the study described in Paragraph2suggest?A.Cycling has a good effect on physical fitness.B.The tasks involved in cycling can be hard for children.ck of exercise like cycling causes lack of concentration.D.Cycling can improve the ability to focus attention on a task.43.Studies of people with Parkinson’s show that______.A.cycling does more good if sufferers put more effort into itB.cycling on tandem bikes has a better effect on the diseaseC.not every person with Parkinson’s will benefit from cyclingD.social awareness is more important for Parkinson’s sufferers44.What does the underlined part“this discrepancy”in Paragraph4refer to?A.Why Parkinson’s affects some people and not others.B.Why someone with Parkinson’s can cycle but not walk.C.How cycling could be included in treatment for Parkinson’s.D.How a link between cycling and Parkinson’s was discovered.45.What’s the main idea of the passage?A.The effect of cycling is not yet fully understood.B.Cycling is believed to be both complex and mindless.C.Cycling has a significant influence on people’s mind.D.People may be more intelligent with the help of cycling.E.Instead of being kept in cages,wildlife can move about freely.F.At first,people were afraid of the bats and tried to get rid of them.G.They would sit on it and their droppings would fall into the water.第三部分书面表达（共两节，35分）第一节（15分）假设你是红星中学高三学生李华，请给你同班的美国留学生Jim写一封电子邮件，邀请他周末到学校对面刚开业的文化中心去做义工。