英语-32~33定语从句
高中英语要考的所有定语从句考点都在这里了!
高中英语要考的所有定语从句考点都在这里了!定语从句作为英语语法,在学习过程中属于中较难理解与掌握的部分,也正是由于其复杂程度较高、逻辑性较强、理解难度很大,屡屡让童鞋们在考试中丢分数、失信心、丧斗志!概念定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、分词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任,也可以由一个句子来充当,充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
定语从句“三要素”1.先行词:被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词①指人的先行词②指物的先行词★ 先行词还可以是前面整个句子所叙述的事情。
He has passed the driving test, which surprises all of us. (which 替代前面所叙述的事情) 先行词2.关系词:引导定语的词(1)关系词的作用①替代前面的先行词(替代作用)②连接主句和定语从句(连接作用)③在定语从句中作句子成分(成分作用)(2)关系词的分类①标准:根据关系词在从句中做的句子成分种类②关系代词:在从句中做主,宾,表,定(that/which/who/whom/whose/as)③关系副词:在从句中作状语(When/where/why)3.定语从句:用来做定语,修饰限定先行词的句子定语从句的分类:①限制性定语从句:对先行词起限定修饰作用。
He is a teacher who works at our school.②非限制性定语从句:对先行词起补充说明作用(先行词与定语从句之间有逗号隔开)Beijing, which is the capital of China, is a beautiful city with a long history.比较:He has two sons, who work in the same company.(He has only two sons.)He has two sons who work in the same company.(Perhaps he has two more sons)定语从句的10个难点1.关系代词的省略(限定性定语从句)(1)关系代词在定语从句中作宾语She is the girl (whom / that) I loved before. (可以省略whom/that)(2)关系代词在定语从句中作表语He is no longer the boy (that) he used to be. (可以省略that)(3)关系代词作介词宾语,介词在从句句尾时可以省略Housing price is a problem (that/which) people are interested in. 比较:Housing price is a problem in which people are interested.(此时只能用which且不能省略)2.先行词是人(that/who的区别)(1)用that的情况①以疑问词who开头的句子中Who is the man that is shouting there?②关系代词在从句中作表语时She is not the girl that she used to be.③先行词被the very, the right, the only修饰This is the very person that we are looking for.(2)用who的情况①先行词是one, ones, anybody, all, none, those 等Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.②句子中有两个定语从句,一个用了that,另外一个用whoWho is the boy that won the gold medal?③在there be 结构中There are many young men who are against him.④在非限定性定语从句当中Tom, who is my best friend, has gone abroad to study.3.先行词是物(that / which的区别)(1)用which的情况①在非限定性定语从句中She lost the game, which depressed her greatly.②关系词置于介词之后,作宾语The pen with which you write is Jack’s.③先行词是that或定语从句中套定语从句,一个关系词用that,另一个用which.Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which is newly open to us.(2)用that的情况①先行词是不定代词如all, little, few, much,anything, everything, nothing, none, no one等She did all that she could to help us.②先行词被all, every, no, some, little, much, the only, he very, the right,the last等所修饰时This is the very book that I want.③先行词中既有人又有物时She described in her compositions the people and he places that impressed her most.④先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时This is the best book that I have ever read.This is the first film that I’ve seen since I came here.⑤定语从句中套定语从句,其中一个关系词以用which, 另外一个用thatHe built a factory which produced things that had never been seen before.⑥当主句的主语是疑问词which,另一个用thatWho is the person that is standing at the gate?4.As引导定语从句用法(1)As 既可以引导限制性定语从句也可以用于非限定性定句中充当主语,宾语,表语等。
(完整版)定语从句讲解
1一、定语从句概述定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语 等来担任,也可以由一个句子来担任。
在句子中起定语作用的从句称为定语 从句。
定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词,故又称为形容词性从句。
被定 语从句修饰的名词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
二 关系词的用法。
关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词。
关系词指代先行词,放在先行词与 定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又充当定语从句中的某一种成分(主语、宾 语、状语等)。
引导定语从句的关系代词有"at ,who ,whom ,whose ,which;关系副词有 when ,where ,why 等。
关系词在句子中的指代作用及成分如下表 1.关系代词的用法(1) who, whom 的用法二者都用于指人。
who 在定语从句中作主语、宾语;whom 在定语从句中 作宾语。
在现代英语里,有时who 也可代替whom 在从句中作宾语。
作 宾语的关系代词who ,whom 可以省略(介词后作宾语的关系代词除外)。
She was the one who did most of the talking 。
大部分时间都是她在说话。
(作主语) The boy who I know studies best in his class.我认识的那个男孩在班上学习最好。
(作宾语)I happened to meet the professor (who/whom) I got to know at a party. 我碰巧遇见了那位在一次聚会上认识的教授。
(作宾语,whom 可用who 代替) whom 在从句中作介词的宾语,且介词提到whom 前面时,不能用who 代替。
Yesterday I came across a few friends with whom I went to the park .昨天 我碰见了几个朋友,我和他们一起去了公园。
最全英语定语从句总结
最全英语定语从句总结定语从句(Adjective Clause)是用来修饰名词或代词的从句。
下面总结了最全的英语定语从句的用法。
1.关系代词引导定语从句:- 关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that-关系代词在定语从句中的用法:- who/whom/whose:修饰人- which/that:修饰事物、动物2.常用句型:- 主格定语从句:The person who is standing there is my friend.- 宾格定语从句:The woman whom I talked to is a doctor.- 物主定语从句:The book whose cover is red belongs to me.- 非限制性定语从句:My brother, who lives in London, came to visit me.3.关系代词的选择:- who/that:表示人,可做主语或宾语- whom/that:表示人,只能做宾语- which/that:表示事物或动物,做主语或宾语- whose:表示物或人,表示所有关系4.关系副词引导定语从句:- 关系副词:where, when, why-关系副词在定语从句中的用法:- where:表示地点- when:表示时间- why:表示原因5.非限制性定语从句:-非限制性定语从句用逗号与句子主体隔开,几乎与主句无关,可以省略-非限制性定语从句对句子的主要内容起补充或解释作用- 非限制性定语从句中常用关系代词who, which, that 或者关系副词when6.定语从句省略:- 在定语从句中,如果从句主语和主句的主语相同并且是人称代词,可以省略关系代词who/whom/which/that7.定语从句中的动词形式:-定语从句中的谓语动词根据先行词的人称和数的特点进行变化,但受关系代词引导的从句不存在时态变化总之,定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句,可以由关系代词或关系副词引导。
定语从句(完整版)
定语从句定语从句及相关术语1.定语从句:定语从句是由关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
2.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that, whi ch, who, whom, whose, as等;关系副词有where, when, why等。
关系词常有3个作用:1,引导定语从句。
2,代替先行词。
3,在定语从句中担当一个成分。
注:关系代词有主语.宾语之分。
一般whom作为宾语。
4.定语:定语用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,是对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子,汉语中常用‘……的’表示。
主要由形容词担任。
此外,名词,代词,数词,分词,副词,不定式以及介词短语也可以来担任,也可以由一个句子来担任.单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语。
短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语。
先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。
(一)限定性定语从句一、关系代词(在句中作主语、宾语或定语)1. that既可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语也可以省略。
[eg:this is the book (which)you want。
]而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时,根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系,先行词与which之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which,但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which,这些词包括当先行词是anyt hing, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时,或者是由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, muc h等修饰时等,这时的that常被省略还有先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时.以及先行词中既有人又有物时.还有句中前面有which时,都只能用that4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格.它引导的从句可以修饰人和物, 当它引导的从句修饰物体时, 可以与of which 调换,表达的意思一样。
(完整版)定语从句语法详解
定语从句语法专题(Attributive Clauses)教案一. 定语从句的概述:1.定语从句:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
在句中做定语,被修饰的名词或代词,叫做先行词。
从句通常放在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引导。
其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个名词性成分,相当于形容词,所以又称为形容词性从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词后面。
eg She is the girl(who got the first prize.)girl先行词who充当从句主语, 从句做定语修饰girlThis is the boy who broke the window.这就是打破窗子的孩子。
the boy是先行词, who broke the window是限制性定语从句, 明确指出theboy是打破窗子的那个孩子,who 在从句中充当主语That is the house where he lived ten years ago.He is the man who/that lives next door.He is the man who I want to see.先行词关系词定语从句复合句: 是由一个主句和一个或一个以上的从句构成的句子, 复合句中的主句和从句都具有完整的的主语和谓语, 主句是复合句的主体, 可以独立存在, 从句需要有一个连词引导, 是修饰说明主句的, 不能独立存在, 根据在句中的不同作用, 从句可以分为三类: 定语从句, 名词性从句, 状语从句。
二. 引导定语从句的关系词有两大类:1.关系词:引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词: that, who, whom, whose, which, as(主, 宾, 定)关系副词: when, where, why.(状语)2.关系词的作用:(1)引导定语从句, 在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用;(2)代替先行词在句中充当成分。
定语从句知识点总结简单
定语从句知识点总结简单一、定语从句的概念定语从句是指修饰名词或代词的从句,用来限定或描述这个名词或代词的性质、特征等。
定语从句通常放在被修饰的名词或代词之后,用以补充说明名词或代词所指的具体内容。
二、定语从句的结构定语从句的结构包括先行词、关系代词或关系副词以及从句三个部分。
1. 先行词:即被定语从句修饰的名词或代词,通常在定语从句的前面。
2. 关系代词:在定语从句中起连接作用的代词,包括who, whom, whose, which, that等。
3. 关系副词:在定语从句中起连接作用的副词,包括where, when, why等。
三、关系代词和关系副词的用法1. who/whom/whose:关系代词,用来引导修饰人的定语从句。
例如:The girl who is standing there is my sister.The man whose car was stolen has reported to the police.2. which/that:关系代词,用来引导修饰物的定语从句,which一般只用于非限制性定语从句。
例如:The book which is on the table is mine.The pen that I lost last night is found.3. where:关系副词,用来引导修饰地点的定语从句。
例如:This is the school where I study.4. when:关系副词,用来引导修饰时间的定语从句。
例如:That was the day when we met for the first time.5. why:关系副词,用来引导修饰原因的定语从句。
例如:I don't understand the reason why he left so suddenly.以上是关系代词和关系副词的基本用法,需要根据具体的语境来选择适当的关联词。
英语所有定语从句大全
英语所有定语从句大全什么是定语从句?定语从句是用来修饰名词或代词的从句,它通常放在被修饰词之后。
定语从句起到限定和补充被修饰名词或代词的作用。
定语从句的分类定语从句可以分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句。
1. 限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是对被修饰词进行限定的从句,如果删除该从句,主句的意思会受到严重影响。
例:The book that is on the table is mine.这本放在桌子上的书是我的。
2. 非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句是对被修饰词进行补充说明的从句,如果删除该从句,主句的意思仍然可以完整表达。
例:John, who is a doctor, is my neighbor.约翰是我的邻居,他是个医生。
定语从句的引导词定语从句通常由引导词引导,以下是一些常用的引导词:- 关系代词:who, whom, whose, which, that- 关系副词:where, when, why关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词引导的定语从句用来修饰人或物的名词,以下是各个关系代词的用法和例句:1. who- 用法:修饰人,并在定语从句中作主语。
- 例句:The girl who is sitting next to me is my best friend.坐在我旁边的那个女孩是我最好的朋友。
2. whom- 用法:修饰人,并在定语从句中作宾语。
- 例句:The woman whom I met yesterday is a famous actress. 我昨天遇到的那位女士是一位著名的演员。
3. whose- 用法:修饰人或物,并表示所属关系。
- 例句:The man whose car was stolen reported it to the police. 那个车被盗的男子向警方报案了。
4. which- 用法:修饰物,并在定语从句中作主语或宾语。
- 例句:The book which is on the shelf is very interesting.在书架上的那本书非常有趣。
英语-32~33定语从句
第三十二、三讲定语从句一学习目标1.熟练掌握定语从句二考点解析⊙定从的功能—解释说明A handle is a small round object that is attached to a door and is used for opening and closing it.A puter is an electronic machine that can store and deal with large amounts of information.A mirage is something that you see when it is extremely hot, for example in the desert, and which appears to be quite near but is actually a long way away or does not really exist.⊙定语从句定义:一个简单句跟在名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定,就叫做定语从句。
这个简单句在主句中充当定语成分。
I bought a cow that looked like a horse.⊙定语从句怎么考?语法22.I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.(2016高考北京卷)A.whoseB.whyC.whereD.which完形Balto put his nose to the ground, 52 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. (2016高考北京卷)阅读&写作A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.(2016高考全国卷D篇)Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public , I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. (2016高考北京卷阅读A篇)⊙定从原理I bought a cow.The cow looked like a horse.I bought a cow.The cow’s friend was a horse.I bought a house.A girl was cooking in the house.⊙连接定语从句的步骤:一找:找两句中相同成份。
定语从句讲解(完整版)
定语从句讲解(完整版)定语从句是一种常见的语法结构,用于对名词或代词进行修饰和限定。
在英语中,定语从句的使用可以使句子更加丰富和准确。
下面,我将为您详细讲解定语从句的构成、用法和注意事项。
一、定语从句的构成定语从句由引导词、关系词和从句组成。
引导词通常是先行词,即被修饰的名词或代词;关系词用于引导定语从句,并将先行词与从句连接起来;从句则是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。
1. 引导词:先行词通常是名词或代词,它可以是主语、宾语或表语。
例如:The book that you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。
)The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.(正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
)2. 关系词:关系词用于引导定语从句,并将先行词与从句连接起来。
关系词有who、which、that、whom、whose等。
例如: The book that you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。
)The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.(正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
)3. 从句:从句是对先行词进行修饰和限定的部分。
从句中通常包含主语、谓语和宾语等成分。
例如:那本书很有趣。
)The man who is talking to the teacher is my father.(正在和老师交谈的那个人是我的父亲。
)二、定语从句的用法1. 限定性定语从句:限定性定语从句对先行词起到限定作用,即只有满足定语从句条件的名词或代词才是先行词的准确含义。
限定性定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后,且不能用逗号与主句隔开。
例如: The book that you gave me is very interesting.(你给我的那本书很有趣。
英语的定语从句总结
英语的定语从句总结所谓定语从句,就是在复合句中起定语作用以修饰主句中的名词或代词的从句。
下面是小编分享给大家的英语的定语从句总结,希望对大家有帮助。
英语的定语从句总结1一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、由who, whom, that,Whose引导的从句这些词代替的先行词是人的名词或代词,who作主语指人,whom作宾语指人,that既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略),可以指人也可以指物。
Whose 用来指人或物,只用作定语。
(1) Is he the man who/that wants to see you? 他是那个想见你的男人吗?(who/that在从句中作主语)(2) He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday. 他就是我昨天见的那个人。
(whom/that在从句中作宾语)(3) The man whom you spoke to just now is our English teacher 你刚刚说话的那个男人是我们的英语老师(4) he man whose son is a doctor is our professor. 那个儿子是医生的男人是我们的教授。
2、由which, that引导的从句它们所代替的先行词是事物的名词或代词,在从句中可作主语、宾语等,作宾语时可以省略,例如:(1) Prosperity which / that had never been seen before appears in the countryside. 农村出现了前所未有的繁荣。
(which / that在从句中作主语)(2) The package (which / that) you are carrying is about to come unwrapped. 你拿那个包裹快要散开了。
(which / that在从句中作宾语)注意:代表物时多用which,但在下列情况中用that而不用which:a)先行词是anything, everything, nothing , none等不定代词时;b)先行词由every, any, all, some, no, little, few, much等修饰时,这时的that常被省略;c)先行词前有序数词或被形容词最高级修饰时;d)先行词中既有人又有物时;e)整个句中前面已有which,who,that时;f)当先行词为物并作表语时;g)先行词为one时;h)先行词同时又被the only,the very,the same修饰时;二、关系副词引导的定语从句1、when指时间在定语从句中做时间状语也可做连接词用I still remember the day when I first came to the school.2、where指地点在定语从句中做地点状语 Shanghai is the city where I was born.3、why指原因在定语从句中做原因状语,用在reason 后面。
新概念英语第2册逐句精讲Lesson31~33
【导语】新概念英语作为家喻户晓的经典之作,它有着全新的教学理念,有趣的课⽂内容及其全⾯的技能训练,为⼴⼤的英语学习者提供帮助!如果你也想学好英语,⼜怎能错过新概念英语?下⾯⽆忧考为您提供了相关内容,希望对您有所帮助!新概念英语第2册逐句精讲Lesson31 1、Yesterday afternoon Frank Hawkins was telling me about his experiences as a young man. 昨天下午,弗兰克•霍⾦斯向我讲述了他年轻时的经历。
语⾔点 tell sb. about / of one’s experiences / story 向……讲述某⼈的经历: Tom told me of his unforgettable experiences in U.S.A. 汤姆向我讲述了他在美国的⼀些让⼈难忘的经历。
2、Before he retired,Frank was the head of a very large business company, but as a boy he used to work in a small shop. 在退休前,弗兰克是⼀个⾮常⼤的商业公司的经理。
但在他⼩时候,他曾在⼀个⼩铺⾥做⼯。
语⾔点1 本句中before引导时间状语从句,but连接并列句。
语⾔点2 关于“领导,领袖”的词汇: head / leader 领袖 headmaster 中⼩学校长 principal⾸长;中⼩学校长 director主任,主管,董事;导演 superior 上级,上司 CEO: Chief Executive Officer ⾸席执⾏官 CFO: Chief Financial Officer ⾸席财务官 COO: Chief Operating Officer ⾸席运营官 CIO: Chief Information Officer ⾸席信息官 CTO: Chief Technology Officer ⾸席技术官 语⾔点3 used to do sth.过去常常做某事(现在已经不做了): I used to go to school by bicycle.过去我经常骑⾃⾏车上学。
考向32 定语从句(难点)(解析版)
考向32 定语从句(2022·广西柳州·中考真题)Do you know the boy ________ is standing under the tree? A.who B.which C.where【答案】A【详解】句意:你认识站在树下的那个男孩吗?考查定语从句的关系词。
who在引导的定语从句中作主语或宾语,指代人;which在引导的定语从句中作主语或宾语,指代物;where在引导的定语从句中作状语。
分析句子可知,本句是定语从句,句中先行词是boy,指人,空处在从句中作主语,所以用who引导。
故选A。
学生容易做错这道题的原因对定语从句的关系代词和关系副词不了解。
关系代词在复合句中修饰一个名词或代词的从句称为定语从句,一般紧跟在它所修饰的名词或代词后面。
定语从句所修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。
引导定语从句的关联词称为关系词,关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
关系代词有that,which,who,whom,whose。
图示:定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词包括that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose)等,关系副词包括where,when,why等。
关系代词和关系副词放在先行词及定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又作定语从句的重要成分。
定语从句的分类根据定语从句与先行词的关系,定语从句可分为限制性定语从句及非限制性定语从句。
限制性定语从句紧跟先行词,主句与从句不用逗号分开,从句不可省去,非限制性定语从句主句与从句之间有逗号分开,起补充说明作用,如省去,意思仍完整。
关系代词的基本用法The building which/that is being built will be used as a hospital. 在建中的这幢建筑将用作医院。
I visited a scientist whose name is known all over the world. 我拜访了一位世界知名的科学家。
英语定语从句语法详解
英语定语从句语法详解定语从句是英语中非常重要的一个语法结构,用于修饰名词或代词,并且在句子中起到定语的作用。
在本文中,我们将详细介绍英语定语从句的概念、用法以及常见的引导词。
一、定语从句的概念和用途定语从句是由一个句子作为整体,用来修饰名词或代词的句子。
它可以提供进一步的信息,使得句子更加具体明确。
定语从句通常放置在被修饰的名词或代词之后。
例如:The book that I bought yesterday is very interesting.我昨天买的那本书非常有趣。
In this sentence, "that I bought yesterday"是一个定语从句,修饰名词"book",进一步解释了这本书的情况。
二、引导定语从句的关系代词和关系副词定语从句通常由关系代词或关系副词引导。
常见的关系代词有:who、whom、whose、which、that等;常见的关系副词有:when、where、why等。
1. 关系代词的用法a. who/whom/whose:用于人。
who用作主语或宾语,whom用作宾语,而whose表示所有关系。
例如:The man who is standing over there is my father.那个站在那里的人是我爸爸。
The boy whom I met yesterday is my classmate.我昨天遇到的那个男孩是我的同学。
This is the house whose roof is red.这是一座屋顶是红色的房子。
b. which/that:用于物。
which用作主语或宾语,that可用作主语、宾语或定语。
例如:The car which/that is parked in front of the house is mine.停在房子前面的那辆车是我的。
The book which/that I borrowed from the library is very interesting.我从图书馆借来的那本书非常有趣。
定语从句(完整版)
定语从句(完整版)定语从句是用关系代词或关系副词引导的从句,它的作用是修饰主句中的名词性成分,相当于形容词。
关系词包括关系代词和关系副词,常用的关系代词有that、which、who、whom、whose、as等,而关系副词则有where、when、why等。
关系词有三个作用,即引导定语从句、代替先行词、在定语从句中担当一个成分。
需要注意的是,关系代词有主语和宾语之分,其中whom通常作为宾语。
定语是用来限定、修饰名词或代词的,它可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语来担任,甚至可以由一个句子来担任。
在汉语中,我们通常用“……的”表示定语。
单词作定语时通常放在它所修饰的词之前,作前置定语;而短语和从句作定语时则放在所修饰的词之后,作后置定语。
被定语从句修饰的名词或代词称为先行词。
限定性定语从句有两种形式,一种是由关系代词引导的,另一种是由关系副词引导的。
关系代词that既可代表事物也可代表人,which则只能代表事物。
在从句中,that和which可以作主语或宾语,而that在从句中作宾语时常常可以省略关系词。
如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前面,但有些例外。
需要注意的是,代表物时多用which,但在带有特定词语的句子中,如anything、everything、nothing、none等不定代词时,或者是由every、any、all、some、no、little、few、much等修饰时,应该使用that而不是which。
此外,当先行词前有序数词或形容词最高级修饰时,或先行词就是序数词或最高级时,或者先行词中既有人又有物时,也应该使用that,而不是which。
4.Who and whom are used to introduce clauses that modify people。
serving as the subject and object of the clause respectively。
英语语法基础: 定语从句详解
语法定语从句Q1: 什么是定语从句?定语从句是由关系词引导的从句,而这类从句在句中作定语,修饰句中的名词或代词的从句,其中被修饰的名词或代词为先行词。
Do you remember the girl who taught us English?关系词:分为关系代词和关系副词。
先行词:被修饰的名词或代词为先行词。
Q2: 区分关系代词和关系副词?关系代词(that, who,whom, whose, which)所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。
◆Is he the man who/that wants to see you? (who /that在从句中作主语,指人)◆He is the man whom/ that I saw yesterday.(whom / that在从句中作宾语,指人)◆They rushed over to help the man whose car had broken down.(whose在句中作定语,指人)◆Please pass me the book whose cover is green. (whose在句中作定语,指物。
还可以同of which互换)◆The package which /that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.你拿的包快散了。
(which / that在句中作carry的宾语,指物)◆Kim Cobb, a professor at the Georgia Institute of Technology in Atlanta, is one of a small but growing minority of academics who/that are cutting back on their air travel because of climate change.◆In ancient China lived an artist whose paintings were almost lifelike.关系副词(when, where, why, that)可代替的先行词是时间、地点或理由的名词,在定语从句中作状语。
英语定语从句
定语从句一、概念:在复合句中,修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
被修饰的名词或代词叫“先行词”。
定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
二、定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词分为:关系代词和关系副词,常见的关系代词有:who, that,whom, whose, which等;在从句中作主语、宾语、定语等;常见的关系副词有:where,when,why等;在从句中作状语。
三、关系代词的用法所作成分:先行词:人;先行词:物主语:Who,that ;Which,that宾语:Who,that.whom ;Which,that定语:whose ;whose总结:1.当先行词是人时:关系代词who和that既可以作主语,又可以作宾语,而且作宾语时可以省略;2.其中whom只作宾语;3.当先行词是物时:关系代词which和that既可以作主语,又可以作宾语,而且作宾语时可以省略;4.whose 既可以指人,也可以指物;that既可以指人,也可以指物。
Eg:01.Do you know the girl who/that often comes here?(作主语)02.The girl who/that/whom I spoke to is my daughter.(作宾语)03.The building which/that stands near the train station is a supermarket.(作主语)04.The book which/that you bought for me is very interesting.(作宾语)05.whose既可以指人,也可以指物;在从句中作定语,形式为“whose+名词”表所属关系,即谁的、、、、、、。
Do you know the singer whose name is Wang feng?I live in a house whose windows face south.四、介词+which /whom引导的定语从句(1)当介词位于定语从句末尾时,可用which/that(指物);who/that/whom(指人)作从句中介词的宾语,关系代词可以省略。
定语从句知识点总结
定语从句知识点总结定语从句是英语中用来修饰名词或代词的从句,它紧跟在被修饰的名词或代词后面,起到形容词的作用。
以下是定语从句的知识点总结:1. 定语从句的构成:定语从句由关系代词或关系副词引导,它们在从句中充当一定的成分,如主语、宾语或状语。
2. 关系代词:关系代词包括who, whom, whose, which, that,它们用来指代先行词,并在从句中担任相应的语法角色。
- who:指代人,在从句中作主语或宾语。
- whom:指代人,在从句中作宾语。
- whose:表示所有格,指代人或物。
- which:指代物,在从句中作主语或宾语。
- that:既可以指代人也可以指代物,在从句中作主语或宾语。
3. 关系副词:关系副词包括where, when, why,它们在从句中作状语,分别表示地点、时间、原因。
4. 限制性定语从句与非限制性定语从句:限制性定语从句对先行词起限定作用,不可省略;非限制性定语从句对先行词起补充说明作用,可以省略。
5. 先行词:先行词是被定语从句修饰的名词或代词,它在句子中的位置通常在定语从句之前。
6. 定语从句的位置:定语从句通常紧跟在先行词之后,但如果先行词是句子的主语,定语从句可以放在主句的末尾。
7. 定语从句的时态:定语从句的时态通常与主句的时态保持一致,但也可以根据不同的语境进行调整。
8. 定语从句的省略:在某些情况下,定语从句中的某些成分可以省略,尤其是当关系代词在从句中作宾语时。
9. 定语从句的分隔:有时,为了强调或避免混淆,定语从句可以被分隔开来,即先行词和定语从句之间插入其他成分。
10. 定语从句的复杂结构:在复杂句中,定语从句可以嵌套使用,即一个定语从句内部还可以包含另一个定语从句。
掌握定语从句的这些知识点,可以帮助我们更准确地理解和使用英语中的定语从句,从而提高英语表达的准确性和丰富性。
定语从句的讲解「最全」
定语从句的讲解「最全」第1篇:定语从句的讲解「最全」一.知识疏理:1.定语从句2.先行词3.关系词的用法:包括关系代词与关系副词二.专题讲解:一.什么是定语从句?定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语等来充当,也可以由一个句子来充当。
定语从句用来修饰名词、代词或整个主句。
充当定语功能的句子称为定语从句。
汤姆是一个用功的学生,他在班里总是第一名。
(修饰名词student。
)80多个国家都在踢足球,因此足球很流行。
(修饰整个主句footballisplayedover80countries。
)三.先行词与关系词1.什么是先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词、代词称为先行词。
e.g:don’tforget别忘了我让你带的书。
(thebook为先行词。
)2.什么是关系词:引导定语从句的关联词为关系词,分为关系代词与关系副词。
关系代词在定语从句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语等,关系副词在定语从句中作状语。
关系代词有:that,which,who,whom,whose……关系副词有:where,when,why,……e.g:iwillneverforgetthedayswhenistayedinnewyork.注意:①关系词一般紧跟在先行词之后引导定语从句。
定语从句总在被修饰的先行词后面。
②在定语从句中,关系代词起着代词和连词的未完,继续阅读 >第2篇:定语从句的讲解定语从句在初中英语中的重要*主要体现在完形、阅读和写作中,因此,能否较好的掌握定语从句直接关系到你英语成绩的拔高。
下面是小编为大家收集整理的定语从句的讲解,欢迎阅读。
定语从句基本概念在复合句中,修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。
引导定语从句的词叫关系词。
被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。
定语从句一般放在先行词的后面。
定语从句的关系词引导定语从句的关系词有关系代词和关系副词。
常见的关系代词包括that,which,who(宾格whom,所有格whose),as等。
定语从句必考知识点总结
定语从句必考知识点总结一、定语从句的构成定语从句是由关系词引导的从句,关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。
关系代词包括:who, whom, whose, which, that;关系副词包括:when, where, why。
定语从句的构成主要有两种形式:一种是直接连接定语从句,另一种是间接连接定语从句。
1. 直接连接定语从句:直接连接定语从句的情况比较简单,通常是使用关系代词或关系副词来引导从句。
例句:This is the book that I want to read.这就是我想要读的书。
I don't know the reason why he is absent today.我不知道他今天缺席的原因是什么。
2. 间接连接定语从句:间接连接定语从句通常是通过介词+which/whom/whose来引导的。
例句:The girl with whom he is talking is my sister.他正在和那个女孩交谈的人是我妹妹。
The house in which I live is very beautiful.我住的房子非常漂亮。
二、关系代词的使用关系代词在定语从句中起到连接主句和从句的作用,同时在从句中充当名词的成分。
其中,who, whom, whose, which, that 是关系代词,对于不同的情况需要选择不同的关系代词。
1. who:指人,作主语。
例句:This is the girl who won the first prize in the competition.这就是那个在比赛中获得一等奖的女孩。
2. whom:指人,作宾语。
例句:The man whom you met yesterday is my brother.你昨天见到的那个人是我的兄弟。
3. whose:指人或物,表示所有关系。
例句:The man whose car was stolen is very upset.那个车被偷的人非常难过。
定语从句知识点总结专升本
定语从句知识点总结专升本一、定语从句的概念和作用定语从句是修饰名词或代词的从句,用来说明或限定名词或代词的含义。
它可以表示一般性的、特指的、泛指的或数量的概念,也可以对名词或代词的性质、特征、来源、所属关系作进一步的说明。
定语从句用来修饰名词或代词,从而使原句中的名词或代词的意义得以进一步具体化和丰富化。
定语从句既可以用来修饰单个名词或代词,也可以用来修饰整个名词短语、代词短语或名词从句。
二、定语从句的引导词1.关系代词关系代词包括:that, which, who, whom, whose关系代词that在定语从句中作宾语或表语,可以指人或物。
关系代词which在定语从句中作宾语或表语,只能指物,不能指人。
关系代词who在定语从句中作主语,只能指人,不能指物。
关系代词whom在定语从句中作宾语,只能指人,不能指物。
关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语,只能指人,也可以指物。
2.关系副词关系副词包括:when, where, why关系副词when在定语从句中表示时间。
关系副词where在定语从句中表示地点。
关系副词why在定语从句中表示原因。
三、定语从句的分类1.限制性定语从句限制性定语从句是对先行词做出限制性说明,使其含义得以具体化和丰富化。
限制性定语从句在句中起修饰作用,如果去掉这个从句,原句的意思就不完整。
限制性定语从句一般不用逗号与先行词隔开。
例句:I saw the girl who I met yesterday.2.非限制性定语从句非限制性定语从句是对先行词做出非限制性说明,使其含义得以补充和说明。
非限制性定语从句在句中起补充说明作用,如果去掉这个从句,原句的意思仍然完整。
非限制性定语从句一般用逗号与先行词隔开。
例句:I saw the girl, who I met yesterday, again today.四、定语从句的位置定语从句可以放在先行词后面,也可以放在先行词前面,但是在口语交际中多是放在先行词之后。
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第三十二、三讲定语从句一学习目标1.熟练掌握定语从句二考点解析⊙定从的功能—解释说明A handle is a small round object that is attached to a door and is used for opening and closing it.A puter is an electronic machine that can store and deal with large amounts of information.A mirage is something that you see when it is extremely hot, for example in the desert, and which appears to be quite near but is actually a long way away or does not really exist.⊙定语从句定义:一个简单句跟在名词或代词后(先行词)进行修饰限定,就叫做定语从句。
这个简单句在主句中充当定语成分。
I bought a cow that looked like a horse.⊙定语从句怎么考?语法22.I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.(2016高考北京卷)A.whoseB.whyC.whereD.which完形Balto put his nose to the ground, 52 to find the smell of other dogs that had traveled on the trail. (2016高考北京卷)阅读&写作A nurse who understands the healing(治愈) value of silence can use this understanding to assist in the care of patients from their own and from other cultures.(2016高考全国卷D篇)Last year, I spent all my time looking for a job where, without dealing with the public , I could work alone, but still have a team to talk to. (2016高考北京卷阅读A篇)⊙定从原理I bought a cow.The cow looked like a horse.I bought a cow.The cow’s friend was a horse.I bought a house.A girl was cooking in the house.⊙连接定语从句的步骤:一找:找两句中相同成份。
二删:删除从句中相同部分。
三替:用关系词替从句中删除的部分。
四放:将关系词放在从句前,将整个从句放到被修饰词后面。
关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as关系词关系副词When, where, why⊙挑战挑战1下1.Do you know the year ______the Chinese munist Party was founded?A.whichB. thatC. whenD. on which2.That is the day ______I'll never forget.A. whichB. on whichC. in whichD. when3.The factory ______we'll visit next week is not far from here.A. whereB. to whichC. whichD. in which4.Great changes have taken place since then in the factory _______we are working.A. whereB. thatC. whichD. there挑战2下5. As the smallest child of his family, Alex is always longing for the time he should be able to be independent. (陕西卷)A.whichB. whereC. whomD. when6. Creating an atmosphere employees feel part of a team is a big challenge. (浙江卷)A.asB. whoseC. in whichD. at which7. The books on the desk, _____ covers are shiny, are prizes for us. (四川卷)A. whichB. whatC. whoseD. thatWhich or that ?8. He wrote many children’s books, nearly half of____ were published in the 1990s. (重庆卷)A. whomB. whichC. themD. That9.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. whatthat 和which相比,只能填which的情况介词非限制性定语从句3. China Today attracts a worldwide readership, _______ shows that more and more people all over the world want to learn about China. (福建卷)A.whoB. whomC. thatD. which4.It is a truly delightful place, ________ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.. (湖南卷)A. asB. whereC. thatD. whichthat 和which相比,只能填that的情况序数词最高级不定代表唯一人和物避重复10.He talked a lot about things and persons ________they remembered in the school.A. whichB. thatC. whomD. what11. Is oxygen the only gas _______ helps fire burn?A. thatB. /C. whichD. it⊙小试牛刀22.I live next door to a couple children often make a lot of noise.(2016高考北京卷)A.whoseB.whyC.whereD.which1,I live next door to a couple.2,The couple’s children often make a lot of noise.⊙非限制定语从句Water,which is a clear liquid,has many uses.I failed the exam , which made my father very angry.Michael Jackson, who was a great singer ,will live in my heart.Michael Jackson, from whom I have learnt a lot ,will live in my heart.The boy, whose father is an engineer, studies very hard.He will put off the picnic until May 1st, when he will be free.They went to London,where they lived for six months.Taiwan is,as you know,an inseparable part of China.关系代词that, which, who, whom, whose, as关系词关系副词When, where, why⊙挑战挑战1下27. Amanda hopes to live a simple life ____ she can just enjoy her activities rather than rushing to meet the deadline.(2013海淀一模)A. whenB. whichC. whereD. that22.Theater fans love New York offers a variety of Broadway plays.(2013西城一模)A.which B.where C.that D.whoI will never forget the day we spent together.I will never forget the day we played together.I want to have a house window faces the sea.挑战2下38.He is not such a man _______ would leave his work half done.A. thatB. whichC. whoD. as35.I want to use the same tools _______used in your factory a few days ago.A. as wasB. which wasC. as wereD. which16.He isn't such a man ______he used to be.A. whoB. whomC. thatD. as17.He is good at English, ______we all know.A. thatB. asC. whomD. what⊙定语从句的省略1,当先行词在从句中作宾语,关系词可省略;2,当先行词在从句中作主语,且为主动态,关系词可省略,且将谓语变成ing形式;3,当先行词在从句中作主语,且为被动态,关系词和be动词可同时省略。