中考核心考点

2011中考英语核心考点（名师教案）all：指三者或三者以上的所有，可以作形容词修饰名词复数，作代词，可作主语、宾语或同位语；后可接of介词短语。

both：指―两者都‖，可以作形容词修饰名词复数，作代词，可作主语、宾语或同位语；后可接of介词短语。

each：―每一个‖，一般指两者中的每一个，也可指许多中的每一个；可以作形容词修饰名词单数，作代词，可作主语、宾语或同位语；后可接of介词短语。

There are trees on each side / both sides of the river.Each of us has a chance to go to university.We each have a dictionary.every：三者或三者以上中的每一个，是形容词，只能作定语，后面不能接of介词短语。

either：指―两者中一个‖或―两者中无论哪一个‖，可以作形容词修饰名词单数，作代词作主语、宾语；后可接of介词短语。

If you keep still, you can sit on either end of the boat.◆---- Do you want tea or coffee?---- _____ . I really don‘t mind.A. BothB. NoneC. EitherD. Neither◆I don‘t care for ______ of the hats. Would you show me a thi rd one?A. allB. noneC. eitherD. both◆The thieves ran away separately, _____ carrying a bag.A. allB. eachC. everyD. either◆I understood most of what they said but not ______ word.A. anyB. eachC. everyD. one◆—Excuse me, but can you tell me which road I should take to the post office ?—_______ of the four roads will do.A. AnyB. NeitherC. BothD. Everynone＝not any; not one◆He wants me to lend him some money, but I have at hand.nothing＝not anything◆Nothing is not anything on the table.桌子上什么也没有。

= is on the table.no one＝nobody◆Nobody likes a person with bad manners. 没有人喜欢不讲礼貌的人。

= likes a person with bad manners.◆—How much water is there in the bottle?瓶子里有多少水？—.一点也没有。

◆—What‘s on the table?桌上有什么？—.什么也没有。

◆—Who will go to the party?谁将去参加晚会？—.没人去。

◆---- How much vinegar did you put in the salad?---- I‘m sorry to say, _______. I forgot.A. noB. nothingC. no oneD. none◆—I‘ve looked everywhere, but I haven‘t found any black ink.—then, I‘m afraid there is ______ left.A. nothingB. no oneC. noneD. neitherthe others=the other +复数名词◆Two boys will go to the zoo, and will stay at home.others是other的复数形式，泛指“另外几个”，“其余的”。

在句中可作主语、宾语。

◆Do you have question(s)? 你还有其他问题吗？◆Some of us like singing and dancing, go in for sports.◆Give me others, please. 请给我别的东西吧！◆There are others. 没有别的了。

the other指两个人或物中一个时，只能用the other，不能用another，这里other作代词。

◆He has two daughters. One is a nurse, is a worker.the other后可加单数名词，也可加复数名词，此时的other作形容词。

◆On side of the street，there is a tall tree.◆I don‘t like this one. Please show me another.=I don‘t like this one. Please show me .What can I say? 我还能说什么呢？◆Both of them haven‘t read this story.并非他们二人都看过这个故事。

= one of them read this story.◆All bamboo doesn‘t grow tall. 并非所有的竹子都长得高。

= bamboo grows tall.= Some bamboo grows tall, some doesn‘t.◆we don‘t fear any difficulty. 我们不怕困难。

= We fear .one, ones, the one, the ones, that, those◆The book on the desk is better than that under the desk.=The book on the desk is better than under the desk.◆The books on the desk are better than those under the desk.=The books on the desk are better than under the desk.◆He has lived in London and New York, but he doesn‘t like ______ city.A. neitherB. eitherC. bothD. all◆—Do you have a passport, sir ?—Yes, I have _______. Here you are.A. itB. thatC. oneD. this指代题指代题作为词义题的一种，也是常见题型之一。

解这类题，要注意代词批代总的原则——就近指代：代词指代在性(阴性或阳性)、数(单数或复数)、格(主格或宾格)、逻辑、意义、位置等方面与之接近的名词。

就位置而言，如上所述，代词所指代的名词通常在本句或其上句之中；就数而言，单数代词指代单数名词，复数代词指代复数名词：◆性、数:Max pulled bill’s trousers,as if (E)he was trying to pull him along.划线部分E在文中指代的是_____________◆数(单数)：it 指代单数名词(单数可数名词或不可数名词)，也可指代一个句子；It also says that the idea that we need less sleep as we get older is completely untrue(D)‗‗People have no idea how important sleep is to their lives，‖Dr Thomas Roth，director of the Foundation says．―Good health needs good sleep‘‘―But not too much of(E) it，‖says Professor Jim Home of Loughborough University．划线部分E在文中指代的是_____________The next day a picture of a black horse was on the door of the bar instead of (E) that of the white horse.划线部分E在文中指代的是_____________◆they指代复数名词主格；We hope that green buildings will become common in the future, because (E) they are good for the environment.划线部分E在文中指代的是_____________◆them指代复数名词宾格；They also gave us signs with numbers on( C)them for competitions during the show.划线部分C在文中指代的是_____________◆one指代单可数名词等。

Mr. Zhang gave me a very valuable present, one ( =a present ) that I have never seen.Mr. Zhang gave me many valuable presents, ones (=many presents ) that I have never seen.除了位置、性、数和格等方面的要求外，逻辑和意义也是衡量的标准，也就是说，正确的答案应该从意义(主要指语法搭配)上和逻辑(主要指思想内容)上而言都通顺。

since, for, because, as表原因的用法区别：because：表示直接的原因或理由。

用于回答Why的问题。

because与so不能同时并列使用。

since：表示对方已知的，无须加以说明的既成事实的理由。

译为―既然‖。

as：表示十分明显的原因，一般说明因果关系。

for：常出现在并列句中，不说明主句行为的直接原因，只提供补充说明，且不可位于句首。

◆you can't answer the question, I'll ask someone else.= you can't answer the question, I'll ask someone else.= you can't answer the question, I'll ask someone else.= you can't answer the question, I'll ask someone else.◆_______ you are leaving tomorrow, we can eat dinner together tonight.A. ForB. SinceC. WhenD. while◆It must be morning，the birds are singing.◆We couldn't go out you can't answer the question, I'll ask someone else.when，while与as的用法：均可表示―当……的时候‖，但有区别：when：既可接表示动作性或短暂性的动词，也可接表示状态的动词，不强调主从句谓语动作同时发生。