2 2018届普陀区高三英语一模(作文有范文)

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2018届普陀高三英语二模答案(作文有范文)

普陀区2017学年第二学期高三英语质量调研参考答案I. ListeningSection A1-5 B C A B C 6-10 D C B D DSection B11-13 C A D 14-16 B B D 17-20 A D B AII. Grammar and VocabularySection A21. on 22. to serve 23. that 24. involved 25. what26. had become 27. where 28. them 29. but 30. have been foundSection B31-35 E J K B A D I G H CIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A41-45 CDABD 46-50 ABDAC 51-55 CBABCSection B56-59 C D B B 60-62 CA C 63-66 C B C DSection C67-70 D A F BIV. Summary WritingFor Reference：A study shows if a person has a good short-term memory he is likely to feel bored quickly. Assuming memories of past experience may influence the different rates at which some people feel fed up, two researchers conducted a test, relating students’ memory capacity to their performance, and got the result. The findings may apply to marketing, self-controlling and educating. (60)评分标准：评分标准:1. 本题总分为10分, 其中内容5分, 语言5分。

2018年上海高考英语作文范文

2018年上海高考英语作文范文In the summer of 2018, high school students across Shanghai sat down for one of the most pivotal exams of their academic lives: the English portion of the National College Entrance Examination, commonly known as the Gaokao. For many, this exam represents not just a test of language proficiency, but a gateway to higher education and future career prospects.The essay section, in particular, is a critical component of the Shanghai Gaokao English exam. It challenges students to articulate their thoughts clearly and coherently on a given topic within a limited timeframe. Let's explore what constitutes an exemplary essay from the 2018 Shanghai Gaokao, analyzing its structure, content, and language use.One notable essay prompt from that year asked students to reflect on the impact of technology on interpersonal communication. This topic is especially relevant in today's digitally connected world, where face-to-face interactions can be overshadowed by virtual exchanges.In their essays, students were expected to demonstrate a nuanced understanding of both the advantages and disadvantages of technology in communication. They needed to illustrate how technological advancements have facilitated instant communication over long distances, promoted cultural exchange, and enhanced productivity in various fields. However, they were also encouraged to delve into the potential drawbacks, such as reduced face-to-face interaction leading to social isolation, misunderstanding in online communication, and privacy concerns.A well-structured essay typically began with an introduction that set the stage by defining the topic and perhaps offering a brief historical context or personal anecdote related to technology and communication. This introduction would smoothly transition into the body paragraphs, where students would present their arguments supported by specific examples or statistics.Each body paragraph would focus on a different aspect of the topic, ensuring a balanced discussion of both the positive and negative impacts of technology on interpersonal communication. Students were encouraged to use transitions effectively to connect ideas and maintain coherence throughout the essay. For instance, phrases like "Moreover," "On the other hand," and "Conversely," helped to signal shifts in perspective or the introduction of a contrasting viewpoint.In the conclusion, students were tasked with summarizing their main points and providing a thoughtful reflection or prediction regarding the future of interpersonal communication in an increasingly digital age. This concluding paragraph often served as a platform for students to express their personal views or propose potential solutions to mitigate the negative effects of technology on face-to-face interaction.Language proficiency was also a key criterion for scoring. Essays that demonstrated a wide range of vocabulary, varied sentence structures, and accurate grammar usage typically received higher marks. Moreover, the use of cohesive devices such as pronouns, conjunctions, and transitional phrases played a crucial role in ensuring the logical flow of ideas from one paragraph to the next.In essence, the 2018 Shanghai Gaokao English essay exemplified the need for students to not only master the English language but also to engage critically with contemporary issues. By addressing the impact of technology on interpersonal communication in a well-organized and articulate manner, students demonstrated their ability to think analytically and express their ideas effectively.As Shanghai continues to evolve as a global center of innovation and technology, the skills honed during the Gaokao—particularly in essay writing—will undoubtedly prove invaluable to the future success of its students in an increasingly interconnected world. Thus, the 2018 Gaokao English essay serves not just as a benchmark of academic achievement, but as a testament to the adaptability and intellectual rigor of Shanghai's young minds.。

上海2018年高三高考英语一模试卷集合1普陀

2012学年第一学期普陀区高三英语质量调研卷英语试卷〔完卷时间：120分钟总分为：150分〕第I卷I. Listening prehension (30%)Section A Short ConversationsDirections: In section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. Husband and wife.B. Doctor and patient.C. Manager and clerk.D. Waitress and customer.2.A. Hotel and resident.declaration B. Professor and student.C. Customer officer and traveler.D. Boss and secretary.3. A.He is quite easy to recognize.B.He is an outstanding speaker.C.He looks like a movie star.D.He looks young for his age.4.A.Urge Jenny to spend more time on study.B.Help Jenny to prepare for the ing exams.C.Act towards Jenny in a more sensible way.D.Send Jenny to a volleyball training center.5.A.. Buying some furniture.C. Reserving a table.D. Window shopping.6. A. Henry doesn’t like the color.B. Someone else painted the house.C. There was no ladder in the house.He had it painted, because he doesn't like climbing ladders.D. Henry painted the house himself.7. A.. Buy her some plants and take care of them.C. Water her plants while she is away.D. Water her plants when he is not at work.8. A.There are too many courses offered to students.B. The woman should take fewer courses next term.C. The man will take four courses next semester.D. It is wiser to take more than four courses.9. A.. Visiting the city with a group.C. Touring the city on a fine day.D. Taking the man with her on the tour.10. A. Ask Tom to send an invitation.B. Get the Johnsons’ address.C. Invite Tom to the party.D. Tell Tom to pick up the Johnsons.Section B PassagesDirections: In section B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken onlyonce. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide whichone would be the best answer to the question you have heard.11-13 BDC14-16 BAAQuestions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. Courses in British history.B. Language courses.C. Courses in sports.D. Teacher training courses.12. A. To attract more students.B. To make the courses suitable for students of all levels.C. To let the students have a good rest.D. To make the summer school more like a holiday.13. A. Because they all work very hard.B. Because their teachers are all native speakers of English.C. Because they learn not only in but also out of class.D. Because they are all advanced students.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14.A. To show off their wealth.B. To feel good.C.. To be different from others.15.A. To help solve their psychological problems.B. To play games with them.C. To send them to the hospital.D. To make them aware of its harmfulness.16.A. They need care and affection.B. They are fond of the world trips.C. They are mostly from broken families.D. They are likely to mit crimes.Section C Longer ConversationsDirections: In section C, you will hear two longer conversations. Each conversation will be read twice. After you hear the conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the information you have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.Blanks 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.plete the form. Write ONE WORD OR NUMBER for each answer.Blanks 21 through 24 are based on the following conversation.plete the form. Write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each answer.II. Grammar and Vocabulary (25%)Section ADirections: Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best pletes the sentence.25-29 A BBDA30-34 BCDBC35-40 DACBBC25.The population of this city, forty percent of which _________, _________ 15% in the last three years.A.are Germans, has risen byB.are Germen, has fallen byC.is Germans, have increased toD.is Germans, have been reduced by26. The students, _________ at the way the questions were put, didn't know the answers to them.A.they being surprisedB.surprisedC.their being surprisedD.then surprised27.Prices of daily goods ________ through a puter can be lower than store prices.A. are boughtB. boughtC. been boughtD. buying28. The students expected there _____ more reviewing classes before the final exams.A. isB. beingC. have beenD. to be29. He wasn’t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, ___ insufficiently popular with all members.A. being consideredB. consideringC. to be consideredD. having considered30.According to a recent survey, 95 percent of women aged between 15 and early 40s ______ a doctor once a year, pared to 70 percent of men in the same age group.A. seesB. seeC. sawD. had seen31.Today’s college is appropriate as a setting for a society,________ its members must acquire and manage knowledge from a wide variety of sources．A.whichB.so thatC.whereD.of which32. His writing is so confusing that it’s difficult to make out _____it is he is trying to express.A.thatB.howC.who33.Marie told us that _____ that she was able to set up new branches elsewhere．A. so successful her business wasB. so successful was her businessC. such successful business had sheD. so her business was successful34. Although he has bee wealthy, Mr. Wood remains _______ he used to be, modest and friendly.A. whenB. whereC. whatD. how35-40 DACBBC35. I can think of many cases _________ students obviously knew a lot of English words and expressions but couldn't write a good sentence.A.whyB.whichC.asD.where36. _________ solve the medical care for the low-ine earners and the unemployed.A.Only by joint efforts can weB.By only joint efforts we canC.Only by joint efforts we canD.Only we can joint effortfrom other continents for millions of years, Australia has many plants and animals not found in any other country in the world.A.Being separatedB.Having separatedC.Having been separatedD.To be separated38. _____ fish stocks overexploited, or seriously destroyed, the ocean, the last great piece ofwilderness on this planet, is _____ serious trouble.A. That … out ofB. With … inC. Because … noD. For … of39. _________ on a clear day far from the city crowds, the mountains give him a sense of infinite peace.A. WalkingB. When one is walkingC. If walkingD. When walking40. ___________the many ways illegal immigrants e into the United States every year, the vehicle crammed with crowds seems to be the method of choice lately, however, tragedies such as deaths on the journey to the destination, are sometimes reported nowadays．B.ForC.OfD.OnSection BDirections: plete the following passage by using the words in the box. Each word can only be used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.41-----49 FHABICEJDThere are more than almost two million cars on the streets of Shanghai. That’s not a big number F. relative to the city’s population of 23 million, but everyone agrees that traffic is a big problem here. And many people would argue that it’s not the number of cars on the road, but the H. quality of the drivers that is the main cause of concern.According to one survey, 37% of Shanghai drivers have less than three years of driving experience. Many of these drivers are middle-aged and have never operated machinery more _A. plicated than a washing machine. On the road, they drive fast when they should drive slow, _4B. seldom 4_ use turn signals, and make right turns on red lights without stopping first. And in the past year, there have been several incidents that resulted in pedestrian deaths when _I. inexperienced drivers mistook the gas pedal for the brake (刹车)pedal.There are new regulations C. aimed at making it more difficult for people to get a driver’s license, but that is only a partial solution to Shanghai’s traffic problems. What is really needed is a _E. change in drivers’ attitudes. There seems to be a lack of concern for safety on the part of drivers: their own safety and the safety of others. You can see this every day as drivers change lanes aggressively and _J. ignore pedestrians at crosswalks and intersections.A car is a great convenience, but it can also be a _D. dangerous _ weapon. Drivers willhave to realize that before Shanghai’s streets can bee truly safe.III. Reading prehension (50%)Section ADirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.German universities, known for their excellence throughout the world in the early part of the 20th century, are in a state of decline, according to Michael Burda, an American economics professor at Berlin’s Humholdt University．Burda claims that Germany’s 300 schools of 50 learning are being hurt by “a long-time shortage of general 51 ．actually he saysOnly 22 per cent of German students aged 24-34pared to 31 percent in the UK, and 39 percent in the US, 54 the Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development 〔OECD〕．One reason for the decline is that Germany spends barely 1．1 per cent of its gross 55 product 〔GDP〕on higher education, pared to 2．6 percent in the US．“ A central reason why so few Germans56 university degrees here is the deterioration 〔下降/退化〕in the 57 of education．This certainly es from the rise in the number of students per teacher．Those who have the will and the means often study 58 ,〞he said．Since the 1960s, more than 90 percent of German higher education has been publicly supported．Famous universities are still public institutions, 59 by federal and regional governments．Private funding of universities is 60 in Germany．This es from the country’s lack of a donating tradition and rules limiting the amounts of tax-free donations．But now there signs that 61 may be changing．Professor Dieter Lenzen, president of Berlin’s Free University, agrees that62 money has to be spent on higher education．But he disputes Burda’s claim that German universities are in 63 ．“A decade ago that m ay have been the 64 , but that was a result of the unsteady situation at the time of reunification．Now, things have changed for the better,〞Lenzen said．50．A．self B．high C．higher D．language 51．A．loan B．funding C．aid D．finance 52．A．pletingB．rewarding C．demanding of D．applying for 53．A．successfully B．scarcely C．fail to D．try to 54．A．thanks to B．due to C．owing to D．according to 55．A．definite B．digital C．dominant D．domestic 56．A．persuade B．pursue C．seek D．refuse 57．A．difficulty B．quantity C．quality D．organization 58．A．here B．abroad C．alone D．at home 59．A．administered B．established C．managed D．financed 60．A．rare B．mon C．sufficient D．rejected 61．A．tax B．money C．attitudes D．decision 62．A．less B．more C．no D．enough63．A．progress B．decline C．need D．development 64．A．evidence B．occasion C．situation D．caseSection BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)The Internet has led to a huge increase in credit-card fraud. Your card information could even be for sale in an illegal Web site.Web sites offering cheap goods and services should be regarded with care. On-line shoppers who enter their credit-card information may never receive the goods they bought.The thieves then go shopping with your card number or sell the information over the Internet.puters hackers(黑客) have broken down security systems, raising questions about the safety of cardholder information. Several months ago,25 000 customers of CD Universe, an on-line music retailer(批发商),were not lucky. Their names, addresses and credit-card numbers were posted on a Web site after the retailer refused to pay US $157 828 to get back the information.Credit-card firms are now fighting against on-line fraud. MasterCard is working on plans for Web-only credit card, with a lower credit limit. The card could be used only for shopping on-line.However, there are a few simple steps you can take to keep from being cheated.Ask about your credit-card firm's on-line rules: Under British law, cardholders are responsible for the first US $78 of any fraudulent spending.And shop only at secure sites: Send your credit-card information only if the Web site offers advanced secure system.If the security is in place, a letter will appear in the bottom right-hand corner of your screen. The Web site address may also start with s://—the extra “s〞stands for secure. If in doubt, give your credit-card information over the telephone.Keep your password safe: Most online sites require a user name and password before placing an order. Treat your passwords with care.65-68BABB65. What do most people worry about the Internet according to this passage?A. A lot of stolen credit-cards were sold on the Internet.B. Fraud on the Internet.C. Many Web sites are destroyed.D. Many illegal Web sites are on the Internet.66. What is the meaning of the word “fraud〞?A. cheatingB. saleC. paymentD. safety67. How can the thieves get the information of the credit-card?A. The customers give them the information.B. The thieves steal the information from Web sites.C. The customers sell the information to them.D. Both A and B.68. You are shopping on the site: .shopping.,and you want to buy a TV set, what does this article suggest doing?A. Order the TV set at once.B. Do not buy the TV set on this site.C. the site your credit-card information.D. Tell the site your password and buy the TV set for you.(B)Before we send humans into deep space, we’ll have to find out just how long the human body can survive in a weightless environment. One problem is that in space there’s no physical s ensation to let you know when you’re upside down and astronauts have to rely on possible clues from their surroundings. A few hours after reaching orbit(轨道), one in three of all astronauts will experience space sickness—a feeling rather like carsickness. There is also the problem of protection from the extreme hazards(危险) of space such as constant meteorite bombardment(陨星轰击) and radiation. It is going to take some clever technology to keep rockets and astronauts from these dangers.Even with a well-protecte d spaceship, space travel isn’t going to be easy. No matter what you travel in, it is going to be a long flight in space! Science fiction writers often imagine using suspended animation(动画), a kind of forced long-term sleep, as a way for astronauts to escape the boredom of long missions.An even stronger measure might be to freeze the astronauts. We already use cryogenic(低温) techniques to preserve dead bodies and store human embryos(胚胎). Freezing living adults may not be so far away, but perhaps we don’t ha ve to do that. Perhaps we should use our existing technology and send frozen embryos to the far corners of universe.Hundreds of years from now, billions and billions of miles away, the embryos will be thawed(解冻) and their hearts will start beating. These astronauts of the future will not grow inside a mother’s body but will be produced in a machine. They will be brought up by robot. It may seem strange but one day it might just happen.69-71BBD69. We can learn from the passage that _______.A. scientists already use existing technology to store embryos for spaceflightB. cryogenic techniques will practically be used for space flight in hundreds of yearsC. it may be easier to freeze embryos than to freeze adults on the spaceshipD. most astronauts will suffer from space sickness70. In the future astronauts for extreme long journeys will grow up_____.A. before they go into spaceB. during the space tripC. when they are inside mother’s bodyD. after they return from space71. The passage is mainly about ______.A. the bright future of space flightB. the possibility to train embryo astronautsC. the physical and mental conditions of astronautsD. the problems and the possible solutions to them in long space flights( C )NASDAQ, acronym for the National Association of Securities Dealers Automated Quotation system, is one of the largest markets in the world for the trading of stocks. The numberof panies listed on NASDAQ is more than that on any of the other stock exchange in the United States, including the New York Stock Exchange(NYSE) and the American Stock Exchange (AMSE). The majority of panies listed on NASDAQ are smaller than most of those on the NYSE and AMSX. NASDAQ has bee known as the home of new technology panies, particularly puter and puter-related businesses. Trading on NASDAQ is started by stock brokers(经纪人) acting on behalf of their clients. The brokers negotiate with market makers who concentrate on trading specific stocks to reach a price for the stock.Unlike other stock exchange, NASDAQ has no central location where trading takes place. Instead, its market makers are located all over the country and make trades by telephone and via the Internet. Because brokers and market makers trade stocks directly instead of on the floor of a stock exchange, NASDAQ is called an over-the-counter market. The term over-the –counter refers to the direct nature of the trading, as in a store where goods are handed over a counter.Since its inception(开市) in 1971, the NASDAQ Stock Market has been the innovator(创新者). As the world’s first electronic stock market, NASDAQ long ago set a precedent(先例) for technological trading innovation that is unrivaled(无对手的). Now ready to bee the world’s first truly global market, the NASDAQ Stock Market is the market of choice for business industry leaders worldwide. By providing an efficient environment for raising capitalNASDAQ has helped thousands of paniesachieve their desired growth and successfully make the leap into public ownership.72-75DA DC72. What is TRUE of NASDAQ?A.It is the largest stock market in the world.B.IT lists only small panies.C.It lists all the new technology panies.D.It lists the biggest number of panies.73. The word〞negotiate〞(Line 8,Para.1) means ________.A. discussB. argueC. interfereD. cope74. NASDAQ is also known as an over-the –counter market because it seems______.A. a stock marketB. a stock exchangeC. a counterD. a store75. Since its founding in 1971, NASDAQ has contributed to ______.A.raising money for many paniesB.creating an efficient environment for many paniesC.the expected development of many paniesD.the unexpected development of many paniesSection CDirections: Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from the list A - F for each paragraph. There is one extra heading which you do not need.76-80 DFCEB76. __________D. Genetic knowledge helps to predict diseases ____________Current research into the human gene system is helping us understand why people have predispositions〔易患某病倾向〕to certain diseases. Knowing our genetic makeup can help us to judge whether or not we may be stricken by particular illness, such as cancer. Even before birth, we are able to do genetic screenings to determine what a child's genetic disorder will be. Scientists have already isolated and identified the genes responsible for the more than 4,000 genetic diseases that affect human beings.77. _____F. The application of genetic engineering in the medical fields _________________The implications of this knowledge are astonishing. In addition to predicting genetic predisposition towards diseases, gene therapies may provide new treatments or cures for serious diseases. Millions of people already use genetically engineered drugs to treat heart disease, cancer, AIDS, and strokes〔中风〕. But with the research that is now being conducted, we may find cures to many more diseases. In the near future, genetic experimentation will also allow parents to select the traits of their children. Genetic traits that determine height, weight, eye and hair color will be able to be controlled, and many parents are excited about this potential.78. ________________C. Worries about medical use of genetic engineering_____Many people, however, are unwilling to accept the possibilities genetic research.. For example, one reason some women do not use the largest genetic testing for breast cancer is because they are afraid they will be discriminated against. Another problem is that many people do not want to discover their weakness. What if they learn that they have a disease for which there are no medical cures? How will such knowledge affect their lives? Do people really want to know what they will die of?79. ____________E. Possibilities of misuse genetic knowledge ___________Many people believe that history has not always shown human decision-making to be bright when it es to ethical〔道德的〕choices. Jeremy Rifkin is probably the most well known opponent of genetic engineering. He believes that humans are not responsible enough to experiment with genes and should not "play God" He asks, "Just because it can be done, does that mean it should be done?" He points out that our society will eventually look and act the same if parents select the traits of their children, and he questions the desirability of such a society.80. ____B. Worries about privacy protection____One of the fears expressed about genetic experimentation involves privacy. Already blood sample taken from patients in hospitals have been used for genetic research without the patients' permission. Most people would agree that one's health and genetic makeup are private concerns. But if insurance panies gain access to this information, it could have a large impact on insurance coverage or costs; if employers gain access to the information, it could have a large impact on hiring or promotion decisions. The possibilities for discrimination are obvious.Section DDirections: Read the passage carefully. Then answer the questions or plete the statements in the fewest possible words.〔No more than 12 words〕A long-awaited final report from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) concludes that foods from healthy cloned animals and their offspring are as safe as those from ordinary animals, effectively removing the last US regulatory barrier to the marketing of meat and milk from cloned cattle, pigs and goats.The 968-page "final risk assessment," not yet released but obtained by The Washington Post, finds no evidence to support people’s concerns that food from clones may have hidden risks. But, recognizing that a majority of consumers are wary of〔慎重的〕food from clones—and that cloning could damage the good image of American milk and meat—the report includes hundreds of pages of raw data so that others can see how it came to its conclusions.The report also acknowledges that human health concerns are not the only subject raised by the ing-out of cloned farm animals.“Moral, religious and ethical concerns have been raised,〞the agency notes in a document acpanying the report. But the report is “exactly a science-based assessment.〞It reports, because the agency is not authorized by law to consider those issues.In practice, it will be years before foods from clones make their way to store shelves in large quantities, in part because the clones themselves are too valuable to kill or milk. Instead, the expensive animals’replicas(复制品) of some of the finest farm animals ever born — will be used firstly as breeding stock to create what supporters say will be a new generation of superior farm animals.When food from those animals hits the market, the public may yet have its say. FDA officials have said they do not expect to require food from clones to be labeled as such, but they may allow foods from ordinary animals to be labeled as not from clones.81. What conclusion has FDA drawn after the public waited for a long time?82. Foods from clones won’t be available soon partly because _________________.83. With the appearance of cloned farm animals, people care more about _________________ problems.84. How will foods from ordinary animals be labeled?第II卷I. Translation (20%)Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.1.一部吸引观众的电影从一开头就能调起他们的兴趣。

普陀区2018年高考一模高分作文解析及范文

2018高三一模作文：普陀区【2017-2018普陀一模作文】27.当一切都朝一个方向前进时，选择紧跟潮流似乎太盲从，执意逆向而行又可能太愚顽。

对此你有怎样的看法？请写一篇文章，谈谈你的思考。

要求：（1）自拟题目；（2）不少于800字。

人流之中，坚守自我大多数人选择的方向，会成为潮流导向，然后，更多的人会走上这条道路，这是很常见的现象。

我们不必自视清高，视潮流为极世俗而没有格调的风格，然后将自己与其划上楚河汉界。

其实，潮流并不总是错的，有时，它可以推进大众化的、全社会的进步。

如上个世纪汉字化繁为简运动，这一场文化潮流，极有效地提高了识字率，使汉字的使用更加轻便简单，使得全世界的汉语学习者受益。

这是进步的潮流，是文字发展的必然现象，谁都没必要跳出来唱反调，连外国媒体都用“汉字化简为繁，如同女人重新裹小脚”这样辛辣的语言来讽刺那些跟不上时代步伐的逆流者。

所以，尊重潮流，宽容地对待大多数人的选择是我们应该具备的素养。

而不假思索地唱反调，以特立独行为荣，是所有人都应当引以为戒的。

但是，尊重并不意味着遵从。

不逆流而行不代表要盲从着人群，放任他人去指引你的方向。

有人说，法国女性是最懂得优雅地装扮自己的。

为什么？因为她们会塑造属于自己的风格，不论是简约还是华美，都被用在合适的女士身上，而今春的潮流元素，会成为小而亮的装点，如手包上系着的一条丝巾，或前襟上别着的一枚胸针。

追求时尚的同时，有着独特的个人品味，这就是在潮流中坚守自己。

换言之，如果深绿外套被所有人钟情，满大街如同一片树林，那必定是一种无趣的现象。

可是潮流往往来得汹涌澎湃，要如何做到身处其中，仍不失去自我呢？一定要丰富自己，只有内心足够强大，才会有与众不同的勇气。

人们说，如果一个电视节目就改变了你的消费观，那你的管钱本事太低了；如果一本书就改变了你的价值观，那你的思想就太单薄了。

如果想要避免成为能被随意愚弄的麻木大众，就必需提高个人修养，让自己的眼界开阔，眼光独到，而不是人云亦云。

上海市普陀区2018届高三英语二模试卷及答案

普陀区2017 学年度第二学期期终教学质量监控测试高三英语试卷2018.04考生注意：1. 考试时间120 分钟，试卷满分140 分。

2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3. 答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上，在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

第 I 卷(共100 分)I. Listening ComprehensionSection A 10%Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between tow speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. Af t er you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the f o ur possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Cold. B. Sunny. C. Rainy. D. Cloudy.2.A. 110 minutes. B. 120 minutes. C. 130 minutes. D. 140 minutes.3. A. Shop assistant and customer. B. Boss and assistant.C. Professor and student.D. Husband and w i fe.4. A.In a meeting room. B.In a reference room.C. At a booking office.D. At a police stat i on.5. A. A movie. B. A lecture. C. A play. D. A speech.6. A.The w o man shouldn't be so upset. B. He's an hour late for the interview.C. The w o man should be patient.D. He's too nervous to calm dow n.7. A. The man is intelligent enough. B. The man does not w o rk hard enough.C. The man should get some sleep.D. The man is hard-w o rking.8. A. He doesn't enjoy business trips as much as he used to.B. He w ants to spend more time w ith his family.C.He doesn't think he is capable of doing the job.D. He thinks the pay is too Iow to support his family.9. A. The w o man doesn't have money for her son's graduate studies.B. The w o man doesn't think her son w i ll get a business degree.C. The w o man insists that her son should major in science.D. The w o man advises her son to think tw i ce before making his decision.10. A.It ran into another car. B. It fell into a river and sank.C.It broke dow n on road.D. It Ieft the road and landed in a field.Section B 15%Directions: In Section B,you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages an d the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear aquestion,read the f o ur possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following recording.11.A. Noise. B.Smoking. C. Litter. D. Drinking.12. A. A tour guide. B.A conductor. C. A teacher. D. A law y er.13. A. To prepare people for international travel.B. TQ make the laws of different kinds.C. To inform people of the punishment for breaking law s.D. To give advice to travelers to the country.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following recording.14. A. Conference w i th the course tutor. B. Active attendance and commitment.C. Punctuality and politen e ss.D. Debate and essay preparation.15. A. Inform the teacher in advance. B. Just do not choose the course.C. Drop out of the course.D. Make it up later16. A. One that is written by hand. B. One that is original.C. One that is revised by the tutor.D. One that keeps to the instructions.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. His knees and fingers ache. B. He doesn't feel like eat i ng.C. He.can't sleep very w e ll.D. His blood pressure is high.18. A. She asks him to have injections and a treatment w i th rays.B. She asks him to have an operation and a treatment w i th rays.C. She asks him to have a good rest and a treatment w i th rays.D. She asks him to have some herbal medicine and a treatment w i th rays.19.A.Every day for seven w e eks. B.Three times a w e ek for seven w e eks.C. Three times a w e ek for three w e eks.D. Tw e nty times for tw o w e eks.20. A. Use hot w a ter pads. B. Sit by the stove.C. Drink cold w a ter.D. Take cold baths.II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections: Af ter reading the passage below, f ill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, f ill in each blank with the proper f orm of the given word; f o r the other blanks, use one word that best f i ts each blank.Jim ThompsonJim Thompson’s life story is one of success, achievement, and finally mystery because no oneknow s how it ended.Thompson w as born in Delaw are (2l)the east coast of the United States in1906. Afterfin ishing h igh school, Thompson w ent to Princeton Univ ersity and later studied architecture at theUnivers ity of Pennsylvania. After graduation, Jim Thompson w orked as an architect in New Y orkCity until 1940. Not long after this, he volunteered (22) _(serve) in the U.S. Army. During World War II, Thompson gathered intellig ence for the army in Thailand, It w as this first taste of life in the Far East (23)changed Thompson's life. He saw opportunities to develop tourism there,becoming (24)(involve) in an amb i tious scheme to restore the Oriental Hotel.While the hotel plan fell through, by that time Thompson had hit upon another schemethatw o uld eventually make him a million a ire. While traveling around Thailand, he came across (25)he considered exquisite(精美的)samples ofhandw o ven Thai silk, a product that (26)(become) rare. He persuaded the w e avers to w o rk w i th him and marketed the silk in New York, (27)it became very popular. As a consequence, the Thai silk industry w a s revived(复兴)and thebusiness made Thompson and some of the w e avers very w e althy.With his success in the silk business, Jim Thompson continued his orig inal interest in architecture on the side. He found six tradition al Thai houses and had (28) brought to Bangkok and reassembled there as one magnificent house. Today, not only is it a beaut iful house inside and out, (29) it is also filled w i th the w o rks of art Thompson collected.In 1967 during a holiday in Malaysia, he w ent for a w alk in the Jungle and disappeared forever. To this day, no clues (30)(find) as to w hat happened to this w ealthy Amer ican businessman w h o is credited w i th single-handed l y reviv i ng the Thai silk industry.Section BDirections: Complete the f o llowing passage by using the wo r d s in the box. Each word can onlybe used once. Note that there is one word more than you need.A. ConcernB.dramaticC. equivalentD. frequentlyE.impactF.imposedG. representative H. observed I.residents J. signif i cantly K. strategiesMentally and Intellectually HarmfulLast month, the Indian Med ical Association declared a public health emergency in New Delh iof high levels of air pollution. Schools w ere shut and emergency traffic restrictions put in place.New Delhi is far from alone. Our research into the31of air pollut i on in Chin a shows that, in addit i on to the more obvious physical price, air pollution can also have serious negative effectson mental health and cognition(认知),32reducing a person's happiness and their scores in verbal and mathematical tests.Such harmful mental effects have serious negative consequences for livelihoods and humancapital development, suggesting that development 33 should go beyond the tradition al focus ofboosting GDP in the develop i ng w o rld.India’s recent pollut i on emergency is the most 34 incidence （发生率）of dangerous air pollut i on, but smoggy skies have been a cause of grow i ng 35 in most developing countries.Major cities across the developing w orld — from Thailand, to Brazil, to Nigeria —36 experience pollut i on at several times the WHO safe lim i ts. In fact, 98% of cities w i th more than 100,000 37 in low and middle- income countries fail to meet the WHO’s air quality guidelines.India’s extreme levels of air pollut ion are w ell recognized, and examin ing the effects provides clear w a rnings for other countries seeking fast grow t h through rapid industrializat i on.We used nationally38 longitud i na（l纵向）surveys on mental health and cognition, matched w ith daily air quality data for the time and place of interview s, to see w hat pollut ion does in a given time to indiv idual happiness and cognitive performance. Because each person in our survey w as 39 multip le times, w e can control for the effect of indiv idual characteristics on the outcome variables.We found that w o rsening air quality led to a decrease in happiness that day40 to about 10percent of the reduced happiness one w ould experience from a negative major life event such as divorce.III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections:For each blank in the f ollowing passage there are f our words or phrases marked A,B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best f i ts the context.Glo b alization: Good or Bad?Globalizat ion is defined in many w ays. One simple 41 is that it is the rapid increase in internat ional free trade, investment, and technological exchange. It is argued that this internat ional trade has been one of the main causes of w orld economic 42 over the past half century.Although there is litt le doubt that the global economy has developed enormously in the last 50 years, some people believe that this trend has only benefited certain countries, and that others havesuffered as a result.Improved income?An argument43globalization is that the benefits of increased international trade areshared among everyone in the country. An example of this is China, w here per capita income( 人均收入)rose from about $1400 in 1980 to over $4000 by 2000. 44_, per capita income rosy byover 100% in India betw een 1980 and 1996. It w ould appear that countries w hich open their doorsto w o rld trade tend to become45 .How ever, these sorts of 46 might not be giving a true picture. They are "average", anddespite the fact that there has been a substantial increase in income for a small minor ity of people,the vast major i ty have only seen a47 improvement.More imports, more exportsSupporters of free trade point out that there is another direct benefit to be gained from anincrease in internat ional trade: exports 48 imports. Take coffee as an example. Countries w hichproduce and export coffee import the packaging for it : a(n) 49 trade w hich enables commerceto develop in tw o countries at the same time.50 maintain that, in general, it is poorer countries that produce and export food such ascoffee, and richer countries that produce and export manufactured goods such as packagingmaterials. Furthermore, it is the richer countries that control the price of goods and, 51 , farmersmay be forced to sell their produce at a low price and to buy manufactured goads at a high price.52 developmentFinally,globalization often 53 a country to concentrate on industries w hich arealready successful. Thesecountriesdevelop expertise(专门技能) and increasetheir share in the international market. On the other hand, those countries w hich_54 to support all their industriesusually do not develop expert ise in anyone. Consequently, thesecountries do not finda w orldmarket for their foods and do not increase their gross domestic product (GDP).Ant i-glob alists claim that there is a serious problem in this argument for the_ 55 of industry.Countries w hich onlyconcentrate onone or two main industries are forced to import other goods. Theseimported goods are frequentlyoverpriced, and these countries, therefore, have a tendency toaccumulate huge debts.41. A. ind i cation42. A. systems43. A. in favor of B. princip l eB. solutionB. on account ofC. definit i onC. crisesC. w i th regard ofD. factorD. grow t hD. in honor of44. A. Fortunately B. Sim i larly C. Undoubtedly D. Unusually45. A. freer B. greater C. stronger D. w e althier46. A. figures B. descriptions C. countries D. benefits47. A. severe B. slight C. further D. general48. A. overtake49. A. tw o-w a y B. qualifyB. all- inclusiv eC. fightC. officialD. requireD. legal50. A. Supporters B. Advocates C. Critics D. Authorit i es51. A. otherw i se B. nevertheless C. therefore D. besides52. A. Global B. Industrial C. National D. Economical53. A. encourages54. A. stop B. restrictsB. continueC. forbidsC. failD. forcesD. refuse55. A. globalizat i on B. transformation C. specialization D. identif i cationSection B 22% .Directions: Read the f ollowing three passages. Each passage is f ollowed by several questions or unf inished statements.For each of them there are f our choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that f i ts best according to the inf o rmation given in the passage you havejust read.(A)The Harlem RenaissanceThe w o rd "renaissance" means "rebirth." The Harlem Renaissance took place during the 1920s.It w as a time w hen the African American artistic community grew and flour ished, producing a ton of w ork in a short period of time. The w ork celebrated African American culture and spoke to their experiences as minorities ---both the good parts and the bad parts.After the Civ il War, many African Americans left the South to escape unfair treatment and Iaws that discriminated against them. Betw een 1910 and 1920, massive numbers of black Southerners moved from the rural south into the urban North. and West in th e Great Migrat ion. The African American popu lat ion of Chicago more than doub led during th at time! And in New Y ork, African Americans flocked to uptow n Manhattan, settling in a neighborhood called Har lem. Forming a community w ithin the big city let African Amer icans keep their cultural ident ity in a w hite-dominated society. It w as a good thing, and a lot of important cultural issues w ere brought to light during the Harlem Renaissance. One of the most important figures of the time w as the African Amer ican w riter, W.E.B. Du Bois. In his book, The Souls of BlackFolk, in 1903, Du Bois w rote that African-Americans_suffered from something_called“doub le consciousness”. They had their ow n self-image w hile they saw themselves through the eyes or w hite Amer icans. And performers likeJosephine Baker and Paul Rob eson brought African Amer ican culture to all New Y orkers. The Renaissance w a s so influential that "Har l em " grew into something of a brand name, African Americans w ere pushing boundaries across all aspects of s ociety. Black business began to flourish, creating a grow ing middle class, like Madame CJ. Walker w ho turned her cosmetics line into a million do llar empire. All together, the artists, and thinkers of this period j helped mob i lize the larger black population. Y oung African- Americans took advantage ofimproved access to higher education. This opened up new career paths and opportunities to attain advanced degrees. Perhaps most importantly, people - black and w hite - began the push for racial integrat i on, planting the seeds of w h at w o uld eventually become the civil rights movement of the 1960s.56. Why did many African Amer i cans leave the South after the Civil War?A. To escape slavery.B. To find jobs in agriculture.C. To avoid racial discrimin a tion.D. To gain citizenship.57. How did W.E.B. Du Bo i s contribute to the Harlem Renaissance?A. He led to movement to return to Africa.B. He composed.folk music.based on African American theme.C. He w r ote plays about the African-American experience.D. He w r ote about the struggleforAfrican-Amcrican identity.58. What can you infer about the economic status ofAfrican American prior to the Harlem Renaissance?A. Nearly all w e re unemployed at that time.B. The vast majority w e re considered low e r class.C.Most w e re regarded.as.middle class. ~D. A large percentage w e re recognized as w e althy,59.What factor allow e d many more African Americans to pursue careers in fields like medicine and law ?A. Spread of black businesses.B. Access to higher education.C.Shift from agriculture toindustry.D. Push for unity among all Afr i cans.(B)We offer three different tours of this iconic build i ngs.The Essential T our brings to life the story behind the design and constructionof one of the w orld's most ing interactive audio-v isual technology, your guide w ill take you on a memorable journey ins ide the youngest budding ever to be WorldHer i tage listed.Afterw a rds, w h y not stay around and eat at the Studio Cafe, w i th its modern Australian menu? Y ou can both enjoythe best views in Sydney and claim a 20% reduction on the total cost of yourmeal. (Don't forget to show your ticket in order to claim your discount.)Language: English, French, GermanT ak e s place: Daily betw e en 9am and 5pmPrices: Adult $35/Online $29.75Concessions: Australiansen i ors and pensioners; students and children of 16 and under $24.50 Prior bookings are not essential.The Backstage T our gives you backstage access to the Sydney Opera House.It is a unique opportunity to experience the real- life dramas behind the stage! Y ou might ev e n get to stand onthe concert hall stage, take up a conductor's baton in the orchestra pit and imagin e you are leading the performance. Y ou w i ll also get to see inside the stars' dressing rooms.The tour concludes w ith a compliment ary breakfast in the Green Room, The private din i ng area of performers past and present.T ak e s place: Dally a t 7amPrices: $155. No concessions.T o purchase: Bookings are essentiaL.Lim i ted to 8 peopIe per tourOnline sales expire at 4:30 pm tw o days prior.Notes: The tour includes up to 300 steps. FIat, rubber-soled shoes must be w orn, For safety reasons, children of 12 years old and under are not permitted.Opera High T ea consists of a tour w here you w ill w alk in the footsteps of w orld-class singers, dancers and musicians, follow ed by finefood and music in the spectacular surroundings of the Bennelong D in ing Room. What could be better than a treat of delicious light snacks and soft drinks follow e d by a live recital by a leading A ustralian singer!An unforgettable treat for young and old!T akes place: Every second Wed., 2pm .Duration:1.5 hoursPrices: $145 per person ,Book online or visit the Guided Tours Desk60.A traveler w i ll en j oy a performance if he choose .A.the Essential TourB.the Backstage TourC. Opera High TeaD.any of the tours61.Joiningthe Backstage Tour, a traveler .A.is allow e d to w e ar sneakers ' w h en standing on the stage. .B. w i ll have an opportunity to be the conductor ofthe orchestra.C. can take his big family of 8 members to free breakfast.D. can buy the discount ticket the day before the tour.62. If a couple w ho travelled w ith their 17-year-old son joined the Essential Tour and had a meal of$150 there. w h at w o uld the low e st cost be if paid in cash?A.$203.25.B.$214.5.C.$225.D.$239.25.(C)A sensational new scientific discovery in the ocean near Australia may explain the most massive extinction of liv ing th ings in Earth's history. For years, scholars have been frustrated in trying to analyze w hy 90 to 95 percent of sea life and 75 per cent of land life van ished about 250 million years ago. The extinctions w ere so enormous that they are called The Great Dying. To date ,some authorities on ancient life thought that a volcanic eruption or a sudden change in the environment affected all life on Earth. Other specialists have doubted these theories, maintaining that it w as not plausible that a solo volcano could bring about such chaos. From the outset, critics believed these claims w e re exaggeratedBy contrast, there is w i de acceptance of the idea that a meteor (流星) w h ich hit Mexico's Y ucatan peninsula 65million yearsago w a s the primary cause of the dinosaurs'extinction.Nevertheless, until now they had no evidence of an intense meteor impact 185 million years earlier.Now they do.American geolog i sts have been examining rock samples from a deep sea crater （火山口）nearthe northw est coast of Australia. The samples w ere init ially collected and preserved by petroleum technicians seeking o il. Now the geologists and their colleagu es believe that the precise splits in therocks' structure show a typical pattern for meteors. There is a clear distinction from volcanicpatterns. In fact, a spokesperson w ent so far as to say that these rocks completely rev ise the w ay scientists perceive the mass extinctions from the ancient era. Academics say that the meteor's crater is the size of Mount Qomolangma, the highest mountain on Earth! Literally, the meteor made a mark on Earth as it drow ned in the sea. The Earth could not absorb such a harsh blow w ithout sustaining glob al devastation. Things must have come to a standstill. Evid ently, the blow w a s fatal for many forms of life.Bear in mind that all this w as long before mammals ---including humans-emerged in Earth's history. Still, w e w ould be w ise to pay attention to the damage a meteor can cause. Fortunately,meteor strikes on Earth are few and far betw e en.63.The w o rd "plausib l e" (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning to .A.availab l eB.incredib l eC.reasonableD.ridiculous64. Why didn't the meteor affect human being?A. Because they w e re very resistant.B, Because there w e ren't any then. .C. Because they lived in isolated areas.D. Because they hid themselves in the caves.65. Which of the follow i ng is TRUE according to the passage?A. Scholars agreed that a single vo l cano caused The Great Dying.B. 75 percent of land life continued 250 million years agoC, V olcan i c rocks and meteors have different patterns.D. When the meteor hit land, Mount Qomolangma sprang up. .66. What is the best title for the passage? .A. The Dinosaurs' End.B. Crater on Qomolangma.C. Contradictory Claims.D.A Meteor'slmpact .SectionC 8%Directions: Read the passage caref ully. Fill in each blank with a proper senten ce given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two moresentences than you need.A. In daily life, imitat i on can hurt us if w e subconsciously hold poor role models.B. Creative people have an endless resource of ideas.C. Itis how to use imaginat i on creatively that troubles us.D. Why follow someone else's w a y of cooking w h en I could create my ow n?E. But if you begin to enter this field,im i tat i on proves useful. -F. If you are going to follow someone, focus on their talent, not their bad character orunacceptablebehaviors.Blind imitat ion is self-destruction. To those w ho do not recognize their unique w orth, im i tat i on appears attractive; to those w h o know their strength, imitation is unacceptable.In the early stages of skill or character development, imitat ion is he lpful. When I first learned to cook, I used recipes and turned out some tasty dishes. But soon I grew bored. 67 .Imitating role models is like using train ing w heels on a child's bicycle; they help you get going,but once you find your ow n balance, you fly faster and farther w i thout relying on them.68 .If, as a child, you observed people w h ose lives w e re bad, you may have accepted their fear and pain as normal and gone on to follow w hat they did. If you do not make strong choices for yourself, you w i ll get the results of the w e ak choices of others.In the field of entertainment, our culture glorifies celebr ities. Those stars took great on screen. But w h en they step off screen, their personallives may be disastrous. 69 .Blessed is the person w i lling to act on their sudden desire to create something unique, Think ofthe movies, books, teachers, and friends that have affected you most deeply. They touched you because their creations w ere motivated by inspirat ion, not desper ation.The w orld is changed not by those w ho do w hat has been done before them,but by those w ho do w hat has been done inside them. 70 . The problem a creator faces is not running out of material; it is w hat to do w i th the material knocking at the door ofimaginat i on.Study your role models, accept the gifts they have given, and leave behind w hat does not serveyou. Then you can say, "I stand on the shoulders of my ancestors' tragedies and declare victory, and know that they are cheering me on."IV. Summary Writing 10%Directions: Read the f o llowing passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own wo r dsas f a r aspossibleBetter Memory Causes BoredomA new study show s that the better your short-term memory, the faster you feel fed up and decideyou’vehad enough.the findings appear in the Journal ofConsumer research.Noelle Nelson, assistant professor of marketing and consumer behavior at the University of Kansas School of Business. She and her colleague Joseph Redden at the University of Minnesota tried to think outside the lunch box. "Something that w as interesting to me is that some people get tired of thingsatvery-different rates. When you think about pop songs on the radio, some people must still be enjoy ing them and requesting them even after hearing them a lot. But a lot of other people are really sick of those same songs." The difference, the researchers supposed, might have to do w i th memories ofpast consumption.The researchers testedthe memory capacity of undergraduates. The students then view ed a repeating series of three classic paintings...like The Starry Night, American Gothic, and The Scream...or listened and re-listened to a series of three pop songs...or three pieces of classicalmusic. Throughout the test, the participants w e re asked to rate their experience on a scale of zero to ten. And the better a participant scored in the memory test, the faster they got bored."We found that people w ith larger capacities remembered more about the music or art, w hich led to them getting tired of the music or art more quickly.So remembering more details actually made the participants feel like they'd experienced the music or art more often." The findings suggest that marketers could cope w ith our desire for their products by figuring out w ays to distract us and keep us from fully remembering our experiences. We could also trick ourselves into eating less junk food by recalling the experience of a previous snack. As for kids easily bored, just tell them to forget about it-it mjght help them_have more fun.V. T ranslation 15%Directions: Translate the f o llowing sentences into English. using the words given in the brackets.72.比起节食,我宁愿多做运动来减肥。

2018年上海高考英语一模作文范文汇编

2018年上海高三一模作文汇编2017年已接近尾声，还记得年初你为自己定下的小目标吗？不知你是否实现了你的小目标？发一个微信朋友圈来回顾一下吧（文中请不要出现真实的校名人名）。

你的朋友圈文字内容需包括：1. 你的2017年度小目标；2. 你为实现年度小目标所作的努力；3. 你实现（或没有实现）年度小目标的经验总结。

范文：My new year’s resolution for 2017 was that I should be able to communicate with foreign people in English. To achieve this goal, I had asked my English teacher for help. According to her suggestions, I made up a plan.Firstly, I started with simply reading English articles and found many pronunciation errors in my reading after listening to the video tape of its recording. Then, I tried to learn phonetics and practice one syllable after another again and again. I started with a single word, then a phrase, a sentence, a paragraph and finally the whole passage. After 3-month practice, I was able to read an article fluently without making any mistakes in pronunciation. I felt happy. Next, I practiced my listening. By listening to a passage four times, I required myself to take it down without spelling errors or any information blank. Last but not least, I installed an app called Shanbei Oral English on my phone to practice both my listening and speaking. It’s like having conversations with a robot. I had to understand what it said to me and answer its questions accordingly. After practicing for almost 8 months, I had my first talking session with an American teacher in our school. I was proud of myself.What I have learnt from this experience is something as a saying goes: no pain no gain. Though the process of lear ning could be dull and tiring, it’s worth all the efforts after I achieved my goal. Even if I didn’t, it’s still a valuable part of my life.阅卷作文8+8+4=20The wonderful year of 2017 is drawing to an end. I remember that I set an annual goal to keep fit at the beginning of 2017, since staying healthy is crucial to ensuring my study, thus better prepare myself for Gaokao.To achieve my goal of ke eping fit, here are some efforts I’ve taken throughout the year. On the very first day of 2017, I downloaded a fitness app called Keep. Following the fitness instructions the app offered, I exercised every other night before I go to bed. Also, I did some research into the daily nutrition I need in order to stay healthy both physically and mentally, after which I devised a moderate dieting plan. Apart from the above, I’ve invited family members and friends to join me so that we can encourage each other and exchange fitness experience.So far, the record shown on my fitness app shows that I’ve done well this year, reaching a record high of 200 training times in total. Although at times I felt like giving up because of too much study pressure and limited time, I’m glad I have stuck to my plan. It seems to me that anything is possible if I throw in all of my energy and passion, and most of all, perseverance. Some rules apply to study. So I hope I will keep such passion and strength to do my best in the coming 2018. （237 words）点评：1．文本结构段落清晰，符合作文题目要求。

2018年上海市普陀区高三二模作文

2018年上海市普陀区高三二模作文在我们的生活中，与他人进行各种比较是一种常见的现象。

有人认为这种比较是人性的劣根，会带来烦恼，应该努力避免。

然而，我认为与他人进行比较并不是一件坏事，只要我们能够进行良性的比较，就能够从中获得很多好处。

首先，与他人进行比较能够帮助我们找到自己的不足之处。

通过比较，我们能够看到自己与他人的差距，从而找到自己的不足之处。

这种发现不足的过程能够激发我们的斗志，让我们更加努力地去追求自己的目标。

其次，与他人进行比较能够帮助我们找到自己的榜样。

在比较的过程中，我们会发现有些人比我们做得更好，他们就是我们的榜样。

通过研究他们的优点，我们能够不断提升自己，让自己变得更加出色。

当然，与他人进行比较也有一些需要避免的方面。

比如说，我们应该避免过度地在物质、名利上进行比较，这种攀比只会让我们感到更加焦虑和不快。

此外，在比较的过程中，我们也应该避免过度地关注他人的缺点，这样只会让我们变得愤世嫉俗，产生消极情绪。

总的来说，与他人进行比较并不是一件坏事，只要我们能够进行良性的比较，就能够从中获得很多好处。

因此，我们应该在比较中寻找自己的不足之处，找到自己的榜样，并且避免过度关注他人的缺点，从而让自己变得更加出色。

比较是一种常见的心态，我们时常会通过比较来反观自己所拥有的东西。

无论是无意还是有意，比较从未离开我们的生活。

然而，比较也有良性和恶性之分。

当我们比较身份、地位、财富等物质方面的东西时，往往会陷入攀比和欲望的恶性比较。

相反，一些研究和精神层面的比较可以促进自身进步，是良性比较。

良性和恶性比较的不同在于激发的事物不同。

良性比较能激发自我改正和积极的改变，而恶性比较则会引发消极的好胜心、嫉妒和焦虑等负面情绪。

因此，良性比较能为我们带来裨益，而恶性比较则可能成为生活中的烦恼元凶。

XXX通过与XXX的比较，塑造了自己的理想自我，并创作出了优秀的作品。

良性比较不仅能让比较者认清自我，活出自我，而且也能让自己突破比较对象，有自己独特的一番天地。

2018届普陀区高考英语一模(含答案与详细解析)

普陀区2017学年度第一学期期终教学质量监控测试高三英语试卷考生注意：1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。

2. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

所有答題必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3. 答題前，务必在答題纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码貼在指定位置上，在答題纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

第 I 卷I.Listening Comprehension Section A 10%Directions: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A. Mother and child. B. Teacher and student.C. Husband and wife.D. Boss and secretary.2.A. They like reading today’s paper.B. They are interested in today’s paper.C. They found nothing interesting in today’s paper.D. They have no idea what the paper is about.3.A. In the concert. B. In the theatre. C. In the exhibition. D. In the studio.4.A. Getting ready to board a plane.B. Queuing up for the check-in.C. Meeting friends at the arrivals.D. Waiting at the baggage claim area.5.A. The man doesn’t care which colour is chosen.B. The woman prefers the colour.C. The man is concerned about the colour.D. The man intends to choose a different colour.6.A. Doing a lot of homework. B. Staying focused in class.C. Sleeping for a short break.D. Devoting all her spare time to learning.7. A. He was chairman of the club.B. He wanted to learn a new language.C. He wanted to know more about the club.D. He was interested in international advertisement.8.A. The man should work hard. B. The man should turn down the job offer.C. The man may have another chance.D. The man can apply for the job again.9.A. Its ending is not good enough. B. Its structure is not satisfying.C. It deserves an award.D. It is good except for the writing skills.10.A. She likes watching instead of playing. B. She is a good team sports player.C. She doesn’t like any kind of sports.D. She likes taking part in team sports.Section B 15%Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. It contains protein. B. It contains water.C. It helps the brain work properly.D. A full stomach leads to a good sleep.12. A. Sleep helps the brain control the senses.B. Sleep promotes rest.C. Sleep helps the brain revise and store information.D. Sleep reduces tiredness.13. A. Factors related to memory development. B. The importance of a good memory.C. The importance of improving memory.D. The misery caused by a poor memory.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following weather forecast.14. A. Mountainous Area. B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D. Southern Europe.15. A. Snowy. B. Cloudy.C. Rainy.D. Fine.16. A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B. Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C. Central parts of the Mediterranean.D. Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.1. A. A university tutor. B. An insurance adviser.C. An overseas study officer.D. A visa officer.18. A. It is purchased in the country you will travel.B. It provides just a few kinds of medical services.C. It provides doctors who may speak your native language.D. It offers sufficient cash to pay the entire bill on the spot.19. A. It must be purchased in one’s home country before going abroad.B. It does not cover the minor medical expenses.C. It only recommends native doctors when you are aboard.D. It features personal paying first and getting money later.20.A. Consult other insurance companies.B. Buy the student health insurance.C. Get the international travel insurance.D. Choose neither insurance since it is not a must.II.Grammar and vocabulary Section A 10%Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Recreational Vehicles (房车): On the RoadRecreational vehicles (RVs) are a typically American invention. Nationally, sales rose to 430,000 units last year, a 40-year high. At the inexpensive end, they sell for as little as $5,000 for a caravan (大篷车); deluxe versions cost up to $1,000,000 and are typically equipped with a bedroom, kitchen and bathroom that are bigger than ones in many European flats. The share prices of Thor Industries, the biggest RV-manufacturer in America, and Winnebago, the third-largest, (21) _________ (rise) by 43% and 17%, respectively so far.That is a big change. During the 2008-09 recession, notes Mr. Troiano, the owner of Continental RV, RV dealerships everywhere closed down, leaving his shop among the very few (22) _____________(leave) serving the New York metropolitan area. Mr. Troiano is on track (23) _________ (sell) more RVs this year than in any other since the early 2000s. The current rebound (反弹) is mostly (24) _________the economy’s recovery, but it also springs from the fact that new types of customer are embracing the lifestyle.A decade ago, the average age of an RV-owner was 49, and over 90% were white, says Kevin Broom of the Recreational Vehicle Industry Association (RVIA), which doesn’t indicate a bright futu re. Another boost comes from sufficient immigrants, (25) _________are keen to experience long, self-planned road trips in America. Mr. Troiano’s most recent big sale was to (26) _________ rich Asian family.The industry hopes that its poor record with foreign sales — last year less than 1% of RVs produced domestically (27) _________ (ship) to foreign markets —may improve, too. China’s government, for example, has planned to build 2,000 campgrounds by 2020, up from an estimated 300 today, in a bid to promote domestic tourism, particularly to remote rural regions. Chinese firms such as Yutong Bus make RVs, but not of the quality that many Chinese want. The country imported 1,000 vehicles last year, over half of them American.RV manufacturers are also marketing the concept (28) _________their motor homes can be commercial as well as leisure vehicles. They (29) _________allow travelling salesmen, businessmen to save on food and hotel costs. (30) _________you park it, it can be your office, as well as your home.【答案】 21. have risen22. left23. to sell24. due to/ owing to25. who26. a 27. were shipped 28. that 29. can 30. Wherever 【解析】21,考查动词，so far 表示迄今为止，时态用现在完成时，rise 是不及物动词无被动语态，故为have risen 22，考查动词，句意为“留下他在纽约大都会区为数不多的几家商店。

2018年上海市普陀区高三二模优秀作文

2018年上海市普陀区高三二模优秀作文2018年上海市普陀区高三二模优秀作文材料：生活中，我们往往有意无意地和他人进行各种比较。

有人认为这是人性的劣根、烦恼的根源，应该努力避免。

对此你是否认同？请写一篇文章，谈谈你的思考。

要求：（1）自拟题目；（2）不少于800字。

一、审题材料由四句话组成。

第一句话说的是一种现象：生活中，我们往往有意无意地和他人进行各种比较。

第二句话出示的是有人对这种现象的看法：认为有意无意地和他人进行各种比较带来的结果是造成人性的劣根、引起心理的烦恼，故应该努力避免与人比较。

第三、四句话是出题者对写作者的要求：你对有人的观点的立场——赞成还是否定，你的观点是什么。

二、构思1.生活中，我们往往有意无意和他人在哪些方面进行比较？具体列举一些比较的方面：学习、工作；财富、地位、声誉；家庭（儿女、老公、房子、车子）、生活方式……2.为什么和他人比较会带来烦恼？甚至有人认为和他人比较是人性的劣根？（1）和他人比较发现自己的不足，与他人有差距，给自己带来压力，造成焦虑感、不快感……——烦恼（2）劣根，由烦恼而生自卑、虚荣心；生怨恨、嫉妒；欲望……3.是否要努力避免和他人进行比较？如果努力避免即不与他人进行比较，会怎么样？不比较的本质是什么？积极的一面：自己的生活不被他人裹挟消极的一面：逃避压力，随意对待生活和人生4.生活中能避免与他人进行比较吗？为什么会与他人进行比较？客观原因：人是社会的人；现代社会是竞争社会，避免不了比较；网络时代，人处网中，避免不了与人比较主观原因：人的本能中包括——被社会排斥的恐惧，社会交往（渴望成为众人中的一分子），社会声望（对名誉和地位的渴望）——这些本能决定了人必然会有意无意和他人进行比较5.为什么需要和他人进行比较？找差距，看到山外有山，人外有人，“三人行，必有我师焉”，将自己从优越感中拉出；找动力、找榜样；找定位、找发展方向；发现自己的长处，规避他人的不足之处；……6.应该在哪些方面比较？怎么比较？哪些方面的比较是“劣根”的，是应该避免的？（写出一些现实针对性）（1）生活上向下比，工作上向上比（宗璞《报秋》“玉簪花精神”）（2）良性比较、适度比较（3）过度物质、名利上的比较（攀比）应该避免……学生作文：良性比较与恶性比较（62分）当我们刷着朋友圈，我们也有时会对比朋友与我们的日常生活；当别人有了我们所没有的事物，我们又会有一番比较，通过这种比较来反观自己所拥有的……哪怕是无意也好，有意也罢，“比较”二字从未离我们天涯之远，而是一种不由自主浮涌上脑海中的心态。

精品解析：上海市普陀区2018学年第二学期高三质量调研英语试卷(解析版)

普陀区2018学年第二学期高三英语质量调研英语试卷考生注意:1. 考试时间120分钟，试卷满分140分。

2. 本次考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。

所有答题必须涂(选择题)或写(非选择题)在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

3. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上, 在答题纸反面清楚地填写姓名。

I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. A new movie.B. A roommate.C. A new game.D. A new watch.【答案】C【解析】【详解】W: My roommate always plays my new game, but I told her to buy one for herself.M: Yeah, my roommate likes to watch me play. He says it’s like watching a movie.Q: What are the speakers talking about?2.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. Researcher.B. Experimenter.C. Shop assistant.D. Makeup artist.【答案】C【解析】【详解】M: I’d like to buy a bottle of hair conditioner. Can you recommend some kinds?W: Sure. What kind of hair do you have?Q: What’s the woman’s probable job?3.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. He agrees with the woman.B. The team performs well.C. He knows little about the team.D. The team is playing worse.【答案】D【解析】【详解】W: I think our school football team’s got a good opportunity of winning the championship this semester. M: What? Are you kidding? Don’t you see them play recently?Q: What does the man imply?4.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. John hasn’t finished his paper.B. John has many new ideas in the paper.C. Mary isn’t satisfied with John’s paper.D. Mary should have polished the paper.【答案】B【解析】【详解】M: I’ve just finished my paper, Mary. Can you polish it for me before I hand it in？W: Sure, let me take a look. Oh, John, it’s great! Your ideas are so original.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?5.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. He had a holiday with his family long ago.B. He hasn’t seen his family for a long time.C. He wants to have a long holiday with his family.D. He wasn’t satisfied with his holiday.【答案】A【解析】【详解】W: Will you spend the summer vacation with your family, Tom?M: Yes. It’s been a long time since I was on vacation with my parents.Q: What does the man imply?6.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. Linda is dressed in yellow.B. John closes the door.C. Linda walks to the ATM.D. John may need some cash. 【答案】D【解析】【详解】M: Linda, where’s the closest ATM?W: It’s not that far, John. Can you see that yellow door of the building over there?Q: What can we learn from the conversation?7.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. She came late.B. She came earlier.C. He has cleaned the house.D. He needn’t clean the house.【答案】B【解析】【详解】W: What a mess your apartment is!M: I know, I didn’t have time to put things away before you got here.Q: What does the man imply?8.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. They haven’t enough money.B. Her husband didn’t want to move.C. She likes her old house.D. They never thought of moving.【答案】A【解析】【详解】M: Have you thought of moving, Sarah?W: We’ve thought about it, but my husband and I can’t afford it right now. The only thing we could afford wou ld be living in the old house.Q: What does the woman imply?9.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. No one goes out on weekends.B. People couldn’t bear the heat.C. The traffic condition has improved.D. The road here is being repaired.【答案】B【解析】【详解】W: Wow! What’s the h old up?M: It’s probably just people trying to get an early start out of the city for the weekend. Nobody sticks around in the summer.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?10.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】A. The woman doesn’t like rock musicB. The man likes all kinds of music.C. The woman likes all kinds of music.D. The man isn’t interested in rock music.【答案】D【解析】【详解】M: Frankly, many kinds of music fascinate me, but rock music leaves me cold. What about you?W: I’m crazy about it.Q: What can we learn from the conversation?Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions are based on the following recording.【此处有音频，请去附件查看】11.A. Friends are in the same college.B. The college website is very attractive.C. The food in the college cafeteria tastes good.D. Many factors need to be considered.12.A. No one cares about what happens in the college.B. Finding the right college takes time and thought.C. The information on the website is very useful.D. Making a speech in the college will do you good.13.A. The way students choose a college.B. The way students study in the college.C. The way students talk with professors.D. The way students work in the community.【答案】11. D 12. B 13. A【解析】Maybe college is chosen because your friend is going there, or because of its ranking on the list, and you do not consider who you are and who you will be. Remember, college is not a prize. It takes time and consideration to find the right college.Visiting the college website to find out what happened, who visited as a guest speaker, and how to maintain contactwith existing students and teachers, can be good ways for you to choose your favorite college. It’s also a good wa y to decide if you want to spend your time and money on a visit. Check the college’s website to find out who the admission officers are in your area and send them an email, asking for more information. Making contact with the college students in your area, or identifying students with similar interests will do you good.When you visit the college, try to sit down in class, eat in a cafeteria, and hang out in a student center or other busy areas. This will help you imagine that you are part of the community. Ask a few students if they will make the same college choice if they have to do it again. Go back to the first item on the list when you consider the information you have collected about the college. You’ll have a lot of options!Questions:Which of the following is true when you choose a college?Why does the speaker say “College is not a prize.”?What’s the main idea of the passage?【11题详解】此题为听力题，解析略。

2018年普陀区高三一模英语阅读A篇解析

Section BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Digital Etiquette (礼节)Digital Etiquette, or netiquette, is a set of rules for how to behave online. It’s a lot like life etiquette, which is basically having good manners and treating others with respect. It’s just as important in our digital lives, including how we act in online games or how we communicate in emails, texts, instant messages and on social networking websites. All of these platforms let us talk and share instantly wherever we are.Unfortunately, some people can lose control the second they jump online. When they disagree with someone, or have strong feeling about a topic, they end up saying stuff they’d never say in person! They may send ruder emails and IMs or try to start arguments on message boards. That’s called flaming, and it can lead to full-on flamewars, insulting arguments between two or more users. On the Internet, it’s pretty easy to stay anonymous, or unidentified. Having a secret identity to hide behind can make people pretty brave. And when all they see of you is screen name or a funny icon, they might forget that they’re dealing with a real human being!The principle is simple: Just like in real life, you should treat other people the way you want to be treated. You wouldn’t want somebody to be rude to you, so don’t be rude to anyone else.Of course, netiquette isn’t just about being nice; it’s also about communicating clearly. That means keeping emails and IMs clear, and to the point. It also means making your messages easy to read and understand, which can depend on your audience. For instance, some abbreviations and emoticons may be fine with friends. But they’re generally not appropriate in formal communication. And whatever you do, don’t write in all capital letters! Writing in all caps makes it seem like you’re yelling.Lastly, make sure you ask permission before posting anything about your friends on a blog or a social networking site. People’s personal information is private, and you can really ruin relationships if you post something that a friend —or a friend’s parents —don’t want on the web. And keep in mind that the Internet is not a private place; if you wouldn’t want a parent, teacher or future employer to see something you post, don’t post it!56. According to the passage, the users of social media are advised_________________A. to trigger arguments on message boardsB. to behave online with common courtesyC. to be respectful of others online rather than offlineD. to apply abbreviations and emoticons as many as possible57. Why might an anonymous Internet user feel bold enough to say horrible things in response to a blog post?A. Because he can make more friends if he says mean things.B. Because he knows his friends will recognize him and think better of him.C. Because he can insult others and not worry about revenge.D. Because he can impress older, smarter people with his remarks.58. Which of the following is the best way to text your uncle to say you’ll be back in an hour?B.C. D.59. Which of the following is a clear rule about posting photos online?A.If you take a photograph, it is yours to do as you please online.rmation about your friends, including photographs, is private.C.It’s illegal to post pictures online without permission from people in the pictures.D.You should always avoid posting images on the internet.56. 参考答案：B考点：细节题解析：题目问的是：社交媒体的使用者被建议做什么？我们通过advise这个词定位文章第三段的principle这个词。

普陀区英语作文一模范文

普陀区英语作文一模范文As the sun sets over the bustling streets of Putuo District, the cityscape is bathed in a warm, golden light. Thisdistrict, known for its rich cultural heritage and modern vibrancy, offers a unique blend of traditional and contemporary life. In this essay, I will explore the cultural diversity that defines Putuo District and how it contributesto the city's vibrant tapestry.Firstly, the architectural landscape of Putuo District is a testament to its cultural diversity. The area boasts a mix of ancient temples and modern skyscrapers, each telling a storyof the past and present. The Longhua Temple, with its redwalls and yellow roofs, stands as a serene island oftranquility amidst the urban hustle. In contrast, thetowering skyscrapers of the business district represent the district's economic growth and ambition.Secondly, the culinary scene in Putuo District is a meltingpot of flavors that reflect its multicultural population.From street food vendors selling local delicacies like xiaolongbao and shanghai noodles to high-end restaurants offering international cuisine, there is something for every palate. The district's night markets are a particular delight, where one can savor the aroma of sizzling street food and engage with the lively community.Moreover, the district's cultural events and festivals are acelebration of its diversity. The annual Putuo International Folk Art Festival is a highlight, where traditional performances, music, and dance from around the world are showcased. This event not only entertains but also educatesthe public about the rich cultural heritage of various countries.Education also plays a significant role in nurturing cultural diversity in Putuo District. Schools and universities encourage students to learn about different cultures and traditions, fostering a spirit of openness and respect. Exchange programs and international students contribute tothe cosmopolitan atmosphere, as they bring their own cultural practices and perspectives to the community.Lastly, the community initiatives in Putuo District are designed to promote inclusivity and understanding. Local organizations often organize cultural workshops and language classes, which are open to residents of all backgrounds.These initiatives help to break down barriers and encourage a sense of belonging among the diverse population.In conclusion, Putuo District is a microcosm of cultural diversity, where the old and new, the traditional and modern, coexist harmoniously. The district's architectural beauty, culinary delights, cultural events, educational opportunities, and community initiatives all contribute to a rich andvibrant cultural experience. As a resident or visitor, one cannot help but be inspired by the district's commitment to celebrating and preserving its cultural diversity.。

普陀一模英语作文

普陀一模英语作文Title: Exploring the Enchantment of Mount Putuo。

Mount Putuo, situated in Zhoushan Archipelago of Zhejiang Province, is a sanctuary of spiritual solace and natural beauty. Visiting this sacred place is an enchanting journey that leaves a lasting impression on every traveler. Let me guide you through the mesmerizing experience of exploring Mount Putuo.Upon arriving at Mount Putuo, one is immediately captivated by the serene ambiance enveloping the island. The tranquil atmosphere, accompanied by the rhythmic chants from the nearby temples, transports visitors to a realm of inner peace and reflection. It is a haven where one can escape the hustle and bustle of daily life and immerse oneself in the beauty of nature and spirituality.One of the highlights of visiting Mount Putuo is ascending to the summit to behold the breathtakingpanoramic views of the surrounding landscape. The climb to the top is not merely a physical journey but also aspiritual one, as each step brings one closer to enlightenment. Along the way, the lush greenery, cascading waterfalls, and fragrant incense wafting from the temples create an atmosphere of serenity and tranquility.The temples scattered across Mount Putuo arearchitectural marvels that reflect the rich culturalheritage of Buddhism in China. Among these, the Puji Temple, Fayu Temple, and Huiji Temple are the most revered.Stepping into these sacred sanctuaries, one is greeted bythe sight of ornate statues, intricate carvings, and the lingering scent of burning incense. It is here thatdevotees and pilgrims gather to pay homage to the Bodhisattva Guanyin, seeking blessings for health, happiness, and prosperity.Apart from its spiritual significance, Mount Putuo also boasts a diverse ecosystem teeming with flora and fauna. Exploring the island's lush forests and pristine beaches reveals a treasure trove of natural wonders. From rareorchids and exotic birds to playful dolphins frolicking in the azure waters, Mount Putuo is a paradise for nature enthusiasts and wildlife lovers alike.In addition to its natural beauty, Mount Putuo offers a myriad of recreational activities for visitors to enjoy. Whether it's hiking along scenic trails, meditating in tranquil gardens, or indulging in delectable vegetarian cuisine at local eateries, there is something for everyone to savor and enjoy.As the sun sets over the horizon, casting a golden glow upon the tranquil waters, one cannot help but feel a sense of gratitude and awe for the enchanting beauty of Mount Putuo. It is a place where time seems to stand still, allowing one to connect with the essence of life and find inner peace amidst the chaos of the world.In conclusion, a visit to Mount Putuo is a transformative journey that nourishes the soul and rejuvenates the spirit. Whether seeking spiritual enlightenment, natural beauty, or simply a peaceful retreatfrom the rigors of daily life, Mount Putuo offers an unforgettable experience that will leave a lasting impression on all who venture to its shores.。

2018届普陀区一模作文例文

这才是值得珍爱的（56分）没有高楼大厦,没有秋娘渡泰娘桥,只有枯藤老树、小桥流水。

不似乌镇，不比周庄，这里没有烟熏般的商业气息和如潮水般的人流，只有几排老屋与帘间凉风檐外细雨作陪。

长期生活在都市里的我，也着实有很久没有体验过这般返璞归真的美好了。

我从双肩包里拿出手机，刚想拍几张照片发个朋友圈分享一下自己的旅程，父亲却从我手里把手机抢走：“好不容易出来体验水乡的美，你老拿着那个手机算什么名堂！“语罢，他似猜到我会用拍照的借口争辩，还递给我一个相机：“要拍照就好好拍！”我无语可说，背上相机就一头扎进了古镇。

彼时秋高气爽，微风拂过带来些许的凉意，细密的雨兀自下着，落在肩膀上都轻得并没有什么感觉。

雨只在瓦片上汇聚成水流，顺着瓦片的纹路落在青石板路上，似是旨在提醒人们，雨确实在下。

真正确实提醒我在下雨的，是游人的伞。

这里的游人并不多，游人们各自撑着伞，也都没什么危险可言。

各种花色的伞，粉嫩的、印着公主图案的，是小女孩儿的伞，纯色的一般商务气息的，是男人的伞，似是仿古用木头制成的，那定属于年轻女孩儿……各色的伞与这一排排老房子相映成趣，成了一条独特的风景线。

我一张又一张拍着，水乡里朦胧而又独特的美萦绕在心间，那美得清丽，美的秀气，美得让人觉得如登仙界，如归故乡。

我一直拍到内存拍满，才终于回到民宿。

几个同样来旅行的年轻小伙正坐在民宿门口的小凳子上打游戏，一边打一边嘴里还念念有词：“杀！杀！快用这个装备……不是这个！啊！“我一时语塞！分明已经处在这样的美好中，分明这才是值得珍爱的，为何要在这里玩儿手机呢？回家玩岂不是更是美哉悠哉？可我又似乎没什么资格评论别人。

晚饭过后，父亲把手机还给我。

我这才发现，自己过了一下午没有手机的生活，这样的生活似乎也不像我原本想想的那般无趣，反而让我发现了我在生活中更应珍爱的东西。

相比于手机，它更有意义，它所带来的，胜过手机所带来的肤浅、无知的快乐。

但愿，但愿我也能一直像那天一样，适时的放下手机，去发现真正值得珍爱的美好。

2018年上海高考模拟考之普陀二模作文写作指导

2018年上海高考模拟考之普陀二模作文写作指导在生活中，我们经常会与他人进行各种比较，无论是研究、工作，还是财富、地位、声誉、生活方式等方面。

这种比较往往会让我们发现自己的不足，与他人有差距，给自己带来压力，甚至造成焦虑感、不快感等烦恼。

由此而生的自卑、虚荣心、怨恨、嫉妒等，被认为是人性的劣根。

但是，不与他人比较，也会带来怎样的结果呢？积极的一面是自己的生活不被他人裹挟，消极的一面则是逃避压力。

因此，我们需要认识到比较是无法避免的，因为人是社会的人，现代社会是竞争社会，避免不了比较。

而且，在网络时代，人处网中，更难以避免与他人比较。

此外，人的本能中也包括了被社会排斥的恐惧，渴望成为众人中的一分子，每个人都有对名誉和地位的渴望。

因此，我们需要正确地看待比较，找到比较的正面作用，如找差距，看到山外有山，人外有人；将自己从优越感中拉出，找动力、找榜样、找定位、找发展方向，发现自己的长处，规避他人的不足之处等。

在进行比较时，我们应该注意在生活上向下比，在工作上向上比，避免过度物质、名利上的比较（攀比）。

在我们的生活中，我们不可避免地要和他人进行各种比较，这是人作为社会动物的固有本性。

有些人认为比较会带来烦恼，甚至是人性的劣根，应该努力避免。

但是，比较多为了筛选，筛选则必有输家，输家往往会陷入烦恼，这是比较的必然结果。

即便没有公开筛选，我们也常为自己的某方面不如他人而暗自不快或较劲。

因此，我们需要警惕逃避比较的XXX心态。

正确地看待比较，找到比较的正面作用，才能让我们更好地前进。

正如XXX所说，快乐往往源于痛苦。

我们不能逃避比较所带来的烦恼，因为它也是我们进步的动力和契机。

在日常工作和研究中，我们常常需要借助比较来确定自己的位置，并制定未来的目标。

长期的比较也能帮助我们清晰自身的能力范围，制定更适合自己的发展规划。

因此，逃避比较会牺牲成功的喜悦，这是不值得的。

在明清两代，我国闭关锁国，不愿与他人比较，这导致了未来目标的模糊和自身能力的滞后，成为了全民族的悲剧。

2018年浙江省舟山市普陀中学高三英语模拟试题

2018年浙江省舟山市普陀中学高三英语模拟试题一、选择题1. __ several computer games, the deaf student went to university for his graduation certificate.A. InventingB. InventedC. Having inventedD. Being invented 参考答案：C2. Television has many advantages. It keeps us _____ of the _____ news and also provides entertainment in the house.A. informed；latestB. to know；laterC. learning；latterD. to think；latest参考答案：A3. Don’t touch the book, Sally. You _____ more than one time.A. warnedB. are warnedC. have warnedD. have been warned参考答案：D4. ___________, where we can stay for a week.A. Next is another hotel to itB. Next to is it another hotelC. Next to it another hotel isD. Next to it is another hotel参考答案：D5. —We experienced a freezing cold winter this year．—Oh, yes．I think ______ is the power of global warming that the climate goes from one extreme to the other．A．such B．this C．so D．it参考答案：A6. You’re sure to enjoy yourselves to the fullest during your stay in Xi’an，is home to many places of interest．A．thatB．whereC．whatD．which参考答案：D7. It’s reported that the price of meat this month is ______ that of last month.A. half as lower asB. half lower thanC. lower half thanD. as half low as参考答案：B略8. You may be able to prevent problems if you _____.A. are not preparedB. had preparedC. preparedD. are prepared参考答案：D9. ---Don't be a slave to work，Ralph! You must take it easy sometimes．---I can't help it．_____．A．Easier said than done B．Nothing is easier than fault-findingC．Easy come, easy go D．Easy does it参考答案：A略10. Smoking ______ in the kitchen in my house．（）A．doesn't allow B．didn't allowC．isn't allowed D．won't allow参考答案：C在我家，不允许在厨房里面吸烟．这里描述的是通常的状况，应用一般现在时态；主语是动作的承受者，故用一般现在时态的被动语态；选C．本题考查了一般现在时态的被动语态的用法．首先在没有时间状语的情况下，可根据句意，确定它的时态；其次判断主语是否是动作的承受者．11. I don’t remember how many years ago ____ I last showed you around the old campus.A. it was thatB. was it thatC. it was whichD. was it when参考答案：A12. Henry, it’s your turn. Please ____ the story where we left off before our coffee break.A. make upB. take upC. bring upD. set up参考答案：B【详解】考查动词短语辨析。

2018-2019学年普陀区高三年级英语一模测试卷（含答案解析版）

普陀区2018-2019学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷高三英语（满分140分，完卷时间120分钟）I. Listening Comprehension（略）II. Grammar and vocabularySection A 10%The Best Book I’ve Ever ReadFrankly, I have read nearly all of the great works of literature, but no book has ever impressed me as deeply or directly ____1____Joel Stein‘s Man Made: A Stupid Quest for Masendinity.Haven‘t we all, on some level, been Jewish boys in New Jersey in ____2____ 1970s with only female friends, an Easy-Bake oven and a strong preference for show tunes? Haven‘t we all had a panic attack ____3____learning we‘re going to have a son, since that means we‘re going to have to figure out how to throw footballs, watch other people throw footballs and decide ____4____ to be happy or sad about the results of football th rowing? Haven‘t we all then tried to correct our lack of maleness by becoming a man, fighting fires with firefighters, ____5____ (drive) a Lamborghini and doing three days of Army training camp? I know I have.The only parts I didn‘t fully enjoy were ___6___ in which the author suffered horribly. After just three hours of training camp, he fainted weakly into the arms of a soldier. The film rights to Man Made have already been sold to Fox, and I hope it gets ____7____ (turn) into a movie with George Clooney playing the Stein role, since they remind me so much of each other.____8____this is only Stein‘s first book, I would already consider him as someone like David Sedaris, Dave Barry, James Thurber, Mark Twain and Abraham Lincoln. I ____9____ (recommend) Man Made not just to all my friends and family but also to strangers on Twitter over and over again. My one fear is ____10____ after this great achievement, Stein will lose his ability to be a cruel critic of our shallow times.【答案】1. as 2. the3. when4. whether5. driving6. those7. turned8. Though/Although/While9. have recommended10. that【解析】【分析】本文是一篇说明文。

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普陀区 2017 学年第一学期高三英语质量调研英语试卷I. Listening ComprehensionSection A 10%Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Mother and child. B. Teacher and student.C. Husband and wife.D. Boss and secretary.2. A. They like reading today’s paper.B. They are interested in today’s paper.C. They found nothing interesting in today’s paper.D. They have no idea what the paper is about.3. A. In the concert. B. In the theatre. C. In the exhibition. D. In the studio.4. A. Getting ready to board a plane.B. Queuing up for the check-in.C. Meeting friends at the arrivals.D. Waiting at the baggage claim area.5. A. The man doesn’t care which colour is chosen.B. The woman prefers the colour.C. The man is concerned about the colour.D. The man intends to choose a different colour.6. A. Doing a lot of homework. B. Staying focused in class.C. Sleeping for a short break.D. Devoting all her spare time to learning.7. A. He was chairman of the club.B. He wanted to learn a new language.C. He wanted to know more about the club.D. He was interested in international advertisement.8. A. The man should work hard. B. The man should turn down the job offer.C. The man may have another chance.D. The man can apply for the job again.9. A. Its ending is not good enough. B. Its structure is not satisfying.C. It deserves an award.D. It is good except for the writing skills.10. A. She likes watching instead of playing. B. She is a good team sports player.C. She doesn’t like any kind of sports.D. She likes taking part in team sports.Section B 15%Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11.A. It contains protein. B. It contains water.C. It helps the brain work properly.D. A full stomach leads to a good sleep.12. A. Sleep helps the brain control the senses.B. Sleep promotes rest.C. Sleep helps the brain revise and store information.D. Sleep reduces tiredness.13. A. Factors related to memory development. B. The importance of a good memory.C. The importance of improving memory.D. The misery caused by a poor memory.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following weather forecast.14. A. Mountainous Area. B. Northern Europe.C. Eastern Europe.D. Southern Europe.15. A. Snowy. B. Cloudy.C. Rainy.D. Fine.16. A. Northern parts of the Mediterranean.B. Eastern parts of the Mediterranean.C. Central parts of the Mediterranean.D. Southern parts of the Mediterranean.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. A university tutor. B. An insurance adviser.C. An overseas study officer.D. A visa officer.18. A. It is purchased in the country you will travel.B. It provides just a few kinds of medical services.C. It provides doctors who may speak your native language.D. It offers sufficient cash to pay the entire bill on the spot.19. A. It must be purchased in one’s home country before going abroad.B. It does not cover the minor medical expenses.C. It only recommends native doctors when you are aboard.D. It features personal paying first and getting money later.20. A. Consult other insurance companies.B. Buy the student health insurance.C. Get the international travel insurance.D. Choose neither insurance since it is not a must.II. Grammar and vocabularySection A 10%Directions:After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.Recreational Vehicles (房车): On the RoadRecreational vehicles (RVs) are a typically American invention. Nationally, sales rose to 430,000 units last year, a 40-year high. At the inexpensive end, they sell for as little as $5,000 for a caravan (大篷车); deluxe versions cost up to $1,000,000 and are typically equipped with a bedroom, kitchen and bathroom that are bigger than ones in many European flats. The share prices of Thor Industries, the biggest RV-manufacturer in America, and Winnebago, the third-largest, (21) _____ (rise) by 43% and 17%, respectively so far.That is a big change. During the 2008-09 recession, notes Mr. Troiano, the owner of Continental RV, RV dealerships everywhere closed down, leaving his shop among the very few (22) ______ (leave) serving the New York metropolitan area. Mr. Troiano is on track (23) ______ (sell) more RVs this year than in any other since the early 2000s. The current rebound (反弹) is mostly (24) ______ ______ the economy’s recovery, but it also springs from the fact that new types of customer are embracing the lifestyle.A decade ago, the average age of an RV-owner was 49, and over 90% were white, says Kevin Broom of theRecreational Vehicle Industry Association (RVIA), which doesn’t indicate a bright future. Another boost comes from sufficient immigrants, (25) ______ are keen to experience long, self-planned road trips in America. Mr. Troiano’s most recent big sale was to (26) ______ rich Asian family.The industry hopes that its poor record with foreign sales —last year less than 1% of RVs produced domestically (27) ______ (ship) to foreign markets —may improve, too. China’s government, for example, has planned to build 2,000 campgrounds by 2020, up from an estimated 300 today, in a bid to promote domestic tourism, particularly to remote rural regions. Chinese firms such as Yutong Bus make RVs, but not of the quality that many Chinese want. The country imported 1,000 vehicles last year, over half of them American.RV manufacturers are also marketing the concept (28) ______ their motor homes can be commercial as well as leisure vehicles. They (29) ______ allow travelling salesmen, businessmen to save on food and hotel costs. (30) ______ you park it, it can be your office, as well as your home.Section B 10%Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.Training the Brain to Hear BetterThe din （喧嚣）of a loud restaurant or party can make conversation difficult for anyone —but for the elderly, these settings can make it nearly impossible. The mechanics of hearing ____31____ with age, but the latest research focuses on another part of the problem — the slower ____32____ speed of aging brains, which have to work harder to translate sound into intelligible (可理解的) language.Research shows that musicians are better able to pick out speech from surrounding noise as they age compared to non-musicians．And a new study of auditory training with a ____33____ available brain training program suggests that most people who are hard of hearing can develop the same skills．The scientists showed that people trained for 40 hours over 8 weeks with Posit Science’s“Brain Fitness” were able to pick out 41% more words from background noise compared to those who watched educational DVDs and were quizzed on their ____34____ after the same amount of time．The authors received no funding from the makers of the program; the study was ____35____ by the National Institutes of Health.The research included 67 older adults between 55 and 70, with an average age of 63．The auditory training came in the form of ____36____ hearing tasks that primed the participants to hear better by requiring them to identify various speech sounds and ____37____ between similar sounding syllables (音节), for example, as well as repeating back words and remembering stories．Both those who received the training and those who watched the DVDs were tested on short term memory, brain processing speed and the ability to hear speech in noisy settings．All of the participants showed improvement in these three ____38____, but for the first time, the scientists also documented that the sharper hearing was ____39____ by earlier signaling in the brainstem.As the authors write in their paper, the training not only improved the ability to decode speech in noisy situations, but also sped up the brain’s ability to ____40____ to the sound — bringing it to more “youthful’’ levels．III. Reading ComprehensionSection A 15%Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.Depression: Second Biggest Cause of Disability in the WorldDepression is the second most common cause of disability worldwide after back pain, according to a review of research. The disease must be treated as a global public health __41__, experts report in the journal PLOSMedicine. The study __42__ clinical depression with more than 200 other diseases and injuries as a cause of disability. Globally, only a small proportion of patients have __43__ to treatment, the World Health Organization says.Depression was __44__ at number two as a global cause of disability, but its impact varies in different countries and regions. __45__, rates of major depression were highest in Afghanistan and lowest in Japan. In the UK, depression was rated at number three __46__ years lived with a disability.Dr. Alize Ferrari from the University of Queensland’s School of Population Health led the study. “Depression is a big problem and we __47__ need to pay more attention to it than we are now,” she told BBC News. There’s still more work to be done in arousing awareness of the disease and also in __48__ successfu l ways of treating it.“The burden is different between countries, so it tends to be higher in low and middle income countries and __49__ in high income countries.” Policy-makers had made an effort to bring depression to the forefront, but there was a lot more work to be done, she added. “There’s lots of stigma (病症) we know __50__ with mental health,” she explained.“What one person recognizes as disabling might be different to another person and might be different across countries as well. There are lots of cultural __51__ and interpretations that come in place, which makes it all the more important to __52__awareness of the size of the problem and also signs and how to __53__ it.”The data — for the year 2010 — follows similar studies in 1990 and 2000 looking at the global burden of depression.Commenting on the study, Dr. Daniel Chisholm, a health economist at the department for mental health and substance abuse at the World Health Organization said depression was a very disabling condition. “It’s a big public health __54__and a big problem to be reflected on but not enough is being done.” Around the world only a tiny __55__ of people get any sort of treatment or diagnosis.The WHO recently launched a global mental health action plan to raise awareness among policy-makers.41. A. concern B. issue C. priority D. discussion42. A. compared B. combined C. confused D. contacted43. A. objection B. access C. adaptation D. contribution44. A. considered B. evaluated C. determined D. ranked45. A. For example B. In addition C. In other words D. All in all46. A. in regard of B. in name of C. in terms of D. in face of47. A. probably B. definitely C. significantly D. randomly48. A. coming up with B. making up C. putting up with D. consisting of49. A. severer B. heavier C. lighter D. lower50. A. related B. associated C. relevant D. close51. A. ingredients B. interactions C. implications D. identities52. A. remove B. recreate C. raise D. rise53. A. avoid B. treat C. cure D. detect54. A. challenge B. agreement C. prediction D. outcome55. A. amount B. proportion C. quantity D. populationSection B 22%Directions:Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Digital Etiquette (礼节)Digital Etiquette, or netiquette, is a set of rules for how to behave online. It’s a lot like life etiquette, which isbasically having good manners and treating others with respect. It’s just as important in our digital lives, including how we act in online games or how we communicate in emails, texts, instant messages and on social networking websites. All of these platforms let us talk and share instantly wherever we are.Unfortunately, some people can lose control the second they jump online. When they disagree with someone, or have strong feeling about a topic, they end up saying stuff they’d never say in person! They may send ruder emails and IMs or try to start arguments on message boards. That’s called flaming, and it can lead to full-on flamewars, insulting arguments between two or more users.On the Internet, it’s pretty easy to stay anonymous, or unidentified. Having a secret identity to hide behind can make people pretty brave. And when all they see of you is screen name or a funny icon, they might forget that they’re dealing with a real human bein g!The principle is simple: Just like in real life, you should treat other people the way you want to be treated. You wouldn’t want somebody to be rude to you, so don’t be rude to anyone else.Of course, netiquette isn’t just about being nice; it’s also a bout communicating clearly. That means keeping emails and IMs clear, and to the point. It also means making your messages easy to read and understand, which can depend on your audience. For instance, some abbreviations and emoticons may be fine with friends. But they’re generally not appropriate in formal communication. And whatever you do, don’t write in all capital letters! W riting in all caps makes it seem like you’re yelling.Lastly, make sure you ask permission before posting anything about your friends on a blog or a social networking site. People’s personal information is private, and you can really ruin relationships if you post something that a friend —or a friend’s parents —don’t want on the web. And keep in mind that the Internet is not a priva te place; if you wouldn’t want a parent, teacher or future employer to see something you post, don’t post it!56. According to the passage, the users of social media are advised ______.A. to trigger arguments on message boardsB. to behave online with common courtesyC. to be respectful of others online rather than offlineD. to apply abbreviations and emoticons as many as possible57. Why might an anonymous Internet user feel bold enough to say horrible things in response to a blog post?A. Because he can make more friends if he says mean things.B. Because he knows his friends will recognize him and think better of him.C. Because he can insult others and not worry about revenge.D. Because he can impress older, smarter people with his remarks.58. Which of the following is the best way to text your uncle to say you’ll be back in an hour?A. B. B.59. Which of the following is a clear rule about posting photos online?A. If you take a photograph, it is yours to do as you please online.B. Information about your friends, including photographs, is private.C. It’s illegal to post pictures online without permission from people in the pictures.are smarter than we are, they will begin to improve themselves. And then we risk what the mathematician IJ Good called an “intelligence explosion”. The process could get out of control.The concern is really that we will build machines that are much more competent than we are. And the slightest divergence between their goals and our own could destroy us. Just think about how we relate to ants. We don’t hate them. We don’t go out of our way to harm them. In fact, sometimes we take pains not to harm them. We step over them on the sidewalk. But whenever their presence seriously conflicts with one of our goals, we will kill them without hesita tion. The concern is that we will one day build machines that, whether they’re conscious or not, could treat us with similar disregard.The bare fact is that we will continue to improve our intelligent machines. We have problems that we desperately need to solve. So we will do this, if we can. The train is already out of the station, and there’s no brake to pull. If we build machines that are more intelligent than we are, they will very likely develop in ways that we can’t imagine, and exceed us in ways that we can’t imagine.So imagine we hit upon a design of superintelligent AI that has no safety concerns. This machine would be the perfect labor-saving device. It can design the machine that can build the machine which can do any physical work, powered by s unlight, more or less for the cost of raw materials. So we’re talking about the end of human labour. We’re also talking about the end of most intellectual work. So what would apes like ourselves do in this circumstance?What would some nations do if they heard that some company in Silicon Valley was about to deploy (配置) a superintelligent AI? This machine would be capable of starting war, whether terrestrial (陆地的) or cyber, with unbelievable power.Given that the companies and governments building superintelligent AI are likely to perceive (感知) themselves as being in a race against all others, and that to win this race is to win the world, it seems likely that whatever is easier to do will get done first unless it is destroyed in the next moment.But the moment we admit that information processing is the source of intelligence, we have to admit that we are in the process of building some sort of god. Now would be a good time to make sure it’s a god we can live with.63. When an intelligent machine becomes smarter than humanity, ______.A. it will make itself better and may go beyond human controlB. it will help people to the fullest, especially in physical workC. it will threaten people by robbing them of jobsD. it will view itself as human race64. The underlined word “divergence” in Paragraph 2 almost means the same as “______”.A. connectionB. hatredC. competitionD. disagreement65. How is the passage mainly developed?A. By making comparisons.B. By showing valid evidence.C. By giving assumptions.D. By analyzing statistics.66. Which of the following is the best title of the passage?A. For the God’s sake, stop AI and be yourselves!B. Can we build AI without losing control over it?C. For or against AI, that is the question!D. How does superintelligence serve the people?Section C 8%Directions:Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Parenting Anxiety RelievedWomen are insecure because there is no commonly accepted idea of what it means to be a good mother. Fathers have it easier in this regard; they just have to show up and they are automatically considered “good”, whereas mothers are always trying to prove to themselves and the world that they aren’t “bad”. _______67_______In some ways, things are getting worse. Years ago, a woman was allowed five years to shape her child’s personality. In recent years, however, some psychologists tell mothers that the first three years of life are the most important, while others think that all critical events happen during the first year.Ironically, this panic about doing the right thing to produce the perfect child is probably the worst thing for the child and the parent. _______68_______ Here is why.First, it is not harmful to children if their mothers work. Mothers who neglect their own need and abilities for the sake of their children do not benefit their children, their marriage or themselves.Second, there is no crucial moment or stage in early childhood in which a child’s fate is determined forever. _______69_______ Children are more flexible than that.Research also finds that some children who have had the best parental care and guidance later give in to drugs, addiction, mental illness or violence. _______70_______ Bet ween the parents’ best efforts and the resulting child lie other factors: the child’s nature, genetically influenced characters, experiences outside the family and the child’s knowledge of events. Parents can help an inborn shy child learn to cope better i n situations that make the child anxious, but they aren’t going to turn her into Britney Spears.IV. Summary Writing 10%Directions:Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.“Where You Go” Doesn’t Matter So MuchDuring the fall months at high school guidance counseling programs, juniors run to the stage to participate in an exercise to try and help them understand that it is not “where you go” t hat matters. They hold posters featuring the names and faces of famous people while their peers and parents shout out with confidence the names of elite colleges (名校) they assume the celebrities attended.The “oohs” and “aahs” follow as the audience learn that Steven Spielberg, Steve Jobs and Bill Gates dropped out of college and that Ken Burns graduated from Hampshire College. If even a few stressed students and their anxious parents benefit from this information, it is a worthwhile exercise.Even better is giving the students an assignment to identify the happy, successful people in their own circle of family, friends, co-workers and neighbors and challenging them to go and ask “if or where they went to college?” as a means of broadening the conversation in their search for a life after high school.The key to success in college and beyond has more to do with what students do with their time during college than what college they choose to attend. A long-term study of 6,335 college graduates published by the National Bureau of Economic Research found that graduating from a college where entering students have higher SATscores — one marker of elite colleges —didn’t pay off in higher post-graduation income. Researchers found that students who applied to seve ral elite schools but didn’t attend them — either because of rejection or by their own choice — are more likely to earn high incomes later than students who actually attended elite schools.In a summary of the findings, the bureau says that “evidently, students’ motivation, ambition and desire to learn have a much stronger effect on their later success than average academic ability of their classmates.”________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________ ________V. Translation 15%Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72.众所周知, 与他人和睦相处是生活幸福的要素之一。