初三下限时阅读理解训练一
九年级初中语文阅读理解专项训练
九年级初中语文阅读理解专项训练一、现代文阅读1.现代文阅读阅读下面的文字,回答问题。
材料一:人工智能(AI)不仅能“读图”识别影像,还能“识字”读懂病历,理解患者病情并推荐临床诊断,准确度甚至超过医生、媲美经验丰富的专家……如今,这一幕极具科幻感的场景,已经迈入现实。
据悉,目前,该AI系统的功能已经十分强大。
一方面,可以通过人机交互获取患者或家长口述文本,包括主诉、症状、疾病史、用药史等信息,做出粗略诊断,给出可能的疾病范围;另一方面,还可通过医生当面问诊或互联网远程问诊,获取详细病情及鉴别诊断特征,模型据此重新运算,给出具体的精确诊断。
此外,如果有实验室检验或影像检查数据,AI模型还可以进一步确认其诊断结果。
以上只是一个例子。
利用AI,流媒体服务平台可以向用户推荐他要看的电影,发送他可能很快就会在线下单的商品,它还能帮着识别照片中的人物甚至花草……人工智能市场规模日益扩大,应用面十分广泛。
人工智能市场规模及增长率人工智能市场应用(节选自2019年2月13日《佯城晚报》,有删改》(数据来自德勤分享博鳌亚洲论坛2019年年会议题相关报告)材料二:科幻感十足的AI形象,开始渐渐引发人们恐惧。
其中部分恐惧,可能源于机器竟拥有与人差别不大的认知。
另外,对AI研究的报道方式,也可能引起恐慌,譬如2017年6月,“脸书”(Facebook)的AI研究人员称有两个聊天机器人开始在对话中使用代码字。
而部分新闻报道甚至描绘成,研究人员为免事态失控,匆忙终止实验。
但1997年,IBM的“深蓝”打败了国际象棋世界冠军,展示了强大的计算力,其纯粹的暴力破解法就被用于机器学习,在看似具有无数种招式的游戏中轻松获胜。
现在,AI不断击败人类的消息,可能会给人这样一种印象:计算机在认知能力方面已堪比人类。
但实际上,两者之间仍存在一条鸿沟。
机器学习和自然语言专家格雷格·霍兰德告诉人们,人脑可以解决AI前所未见的问题,而机器学习,只是针对特定问题而设计的。
初三阅读训练
初三阅读训练(一)向一棵树鞠躬我突然被一棵榆树惊呆了。
说突然,是因为我在这条小巷的尽头住了十年,日日里从它跟前走过,竟没有注意到它的存在。
那天早晨,我无意识地朝路边的砖垛上扫了一眼,一下子就看到了这棵树。
这是一棵不同寻常的树。
它长在一堆码起来的砖垛上。
周围是林林总总的大树小树。
砖垛有两米多高,我不知道它在那里堆了多少年,表层的砖被一层青苔覆盖着。
砖们不规则地排列在一起,好像训练累了的老兵,歪歪斜斜地站在那里,勉强保持着一种队形。
它其实只有一米来高。
稀稀疏疏的枝杈恣意地伸展着,形不成高大伟岸的姿态,却展示了固执顽强的生命。
它站在高高的砖垛上作俯视状,鸟瞰着这个喧闹的世界。
它小心地经营着自己。
它当然喜欢玉树临风般的躯体,哪怕是小家碧玉的亭亭玉立也可以呀!但命运却把它交付给一堆砖。
当初,它选择了砖垛前面的那一片阳光地带,准备唱着歌儿向老榆树告别。
可是就在瞬间,一阵微微的风,把它飘到砖垛上,它的命运因此而改变。
它知道,非分的妄想只能毁灭自己。
找准自己的位置,顺势而生长,才是生命的根本。
它只能压抑着蓬勃向上的内驱力,让饱满的激情化作一段朴实——它长成了灌木丛。
即便如此,它也肯定受过不尽的苦痛。
雷电轰击过它,狂风摧残过它,风雪侵蚀过它。
最难耐的还是干旱和贫瘠。
它有时想拦住匆匆而过的雨水,雨水却不屑一顾;也曾经挽留过晶莹的露珠,露珠只轻轻吻了它一下,就再也寻觅不着。
脚下那座高原似的砖垛,却贫瘠得难以供应它起码的养料。
它只得打自己的主意。
让主干变粗变矮,让枝叶变小变多,尽量节衣缩食,减少消耗。
尽可能挽留住雨露,拼命把根往下扎,这是它生存的策略。
厄运使得它青筋突暴,浑身疤痂,身体佝偻,它没有屈服。
无论生活怎样艰难,总得面对,总得应付,总得一步一步走过。
我久久地站在那里,为一颗榆树而感动。
有一天傍晚,我下班回来,发现那砖垛已经不见了。
一个老人背负着一棵树蹒跚而行。
正是砖垛上的那棵树。
老人告诉我,这垛砖垛了十八年。
当初准备盖房子用,儿子突然得病死了。
初三英语阅读理解及完形填空专练16篇附答案
初三英语阅读理解及完形填空专练16篇附答案初三英语阅读能力训练(一)Ⅰ. 完形填空Billy is a boy of fifteen. His parents died threeyears ago. One day when he was walking in the street, he(1)a wallet(钱包).He returned it to the owner, Mr. Baker. He gave his (2)to the boy. As the boy had no job(工作), Mr. Baker made him work for him in his(3)Billy worked so hard that Mr. and Mrs. Baker were (4)with him.Mr. Baker loved planting (5)The week before last, hebrought a few trees home, planted them in the (6)himself and watered themevery day. Several days (7), he had to leave for another city.Before he started, he said to Billy, Take good care of the trees. Someboys near our house always want to steal(偷)them. Don't (8)about them, sir. answered Billy,I'll try my best to watch them. Six days passed and Mr. Baker cameback. He asked,(9)anyone ever come to steal the trees? No, sir. said Billy, To stop someone from stealing thetrees, I (10)them up six days ago. I have hidden(藏)them for almost a week !1. A. found B. boughtC.carriedD. wanted2. A. wallet B. pityC.thanksD. excuses3. A. factory B. officeC.townD.home4. A. pleased B. angry C. strictD.popular5. A. flowers B. grassC.vegetablesD. trees6. A. garden B.officeC.cityD. room7. A. ago B. later C. beforeD. after8. A. think B. talk C. learnD. worry9. A. Did B. Does C.HasD. Will10. A. sent B. pulled C. put D. pickedⅠ、阅读理解AThere is a one-day holiday in most countries on NewYear's Day. The real celebrations (庆祝)for New Year happen on the night before-on New Year's Eve.There are several interesting (customs)in the West, and there are manydifferences from country to country.Though Christmas is a family get-together, New Yearfor some is a time to be with friends too. Parties are most often held towelcome New Year. At such parties, there is food and drink and dancing untilthe time nears for the coming of New Year.At midnight, people often say Happy NewYear to each other. Champagne(香槟酒)is a favorite drink for New Year. In many western countriesfireworks(烟火)are let off at midnight,and many people like to make a noise, possibly to drive away bad spirits(幽灵).One important song is often sung at New Year—theScottish(苏格兰)song of Auld Lang Syne(good times long ago. )11. People usually have great celebrations for NewYear on________.A. New Year's DayB. the night before New Year's EveC. the night of New Year's DayD. the night before New Year's Day12. In the West, New Year is also a time when________.A. friends get togetherB. friends write to each otherC. people can have a week's holidayD. people can go from country to country13. The word customs in the passagemeans________.A. 习俗B.聚会C.饮食D.活动14. At midnight on New Year's Eve western peopleoften________.①hold parties to welcome New Year②make a noise to drive awaybad spirits③drink with friends or families④say Happy NewYear to each other⑤sing an important French song⑥let off fireworksA. ①②③④B.③④⑤⑥C. ②③④⑥D.①②⑤⑥15. This passage mainly talks about________.A. westernpeople drink together on New Year's EveB. what western peopledo on New Year's DayC. how western peoplespend their New Year's EveD. western people havea good time on New Year's DayBNo, 4 Middle SchoolKunming,YunnanApril2nd, 2023Dear editor(编辑),I live in a beautiful city. Many visitors come to mycity. There are so many colorful peacocks (孔雀)here.The peacocks mostly live on the grass land of DongfengSquare (广场). They are given foodfreely by visitors. They usually throw food to them, and don't think about atall whether the food is right ornot. Some of the peacocks became ill, some even died after eating the bad foodgiven by the visitors.I'm sure most of the visitors who throw food to thepeacocks really like the birds, but don't realize(意识到)that they may be doing them harm(伤害).The visitors should be told that what they have doneis very harmful to the birds, and this kind of thing must be stopped fromhappening.Perhaps we can build some small shops beside DongfengSquareto sell peacock food. For us every person, it's our duty to give morelove to these beautiful birds and to look after them carefully.Yours,Sun Yan16. Many visitors come to the writer's cityto________.A. do some shoppingB. see beautifulpeacocksC. play on Dongfeng SquareD. eat nice food17. Some peacocks became ill and died because somevisitors________.A. didn't give them any foodB.gave them too much foodC. threw them some bad foodD.loved them and played with them18. Some shops can be built beside Dongfeng Square sothat they may________.A. sell food for visitorsB.sell food for peacocksC. make the square more beautifulD. have the beautiful birds19. From the passage we know people should________.A. live and play with the birdsB. stop the birds from eating too muchC. give right food to the birdsD. give more food to the birds20. We can guess the writer of the letter, Sun Yan,may be a________.A. visitorB.shopkeeperC. square keeperD.student初三英语阅读能力训练(二)Ⅰ. 完形填空A generation gap(代沟)has become a serious problem. I read a (1)about it in the newspaper. Some children have killed themselvesafter quarrels(争吵)with (2 ). I think this is because they don' toften have a talk with each other. Parents now (3 )more time in the office, (4)they don't have much time to stay with their children. As time passes,they both feel that they don't have the (5)topics(话题)to talk about. I want totell parents to be more with your(6), get to know them and(7)them. And for children, show your (8)to your parents. They are the people wholove you. So (9)them your thoughts (想法). In this way, you(10 )have a better understanding of eachother.1. A. message B. call C. reportD. letter2. A. friends B. teachers C. classmatesD. parents3. A. spend B. stay C. workD. have4. A. because B. if C. butD. so5. A. interesting B. same C. trueD. good6. A. business B. children C. work D. office7. A. get on with B. look afterC.understandD. love8. A. interest B. secret C. troubleD. feelings9. A. tell B. ask C. answerD. say10. A. can B. should C. mustD. wouldⅠ. 阅读理解APopular music in America is what every student likes.Students carry small radios with earphones and listen to music before class,after class, and at lunch. Students with cars buy large speakers and play themusic loudly as they drive on the street.Adult(成年的)driverslisten to music on the car radio as they drive to work. They also listen to thenews about sports, the weather, and the life of American people. Most of theradio programmes are music.Pop or popular music singers make much money. Theymake a C.D or tape which radio stations use in many places. Once the popularsinger is heard all over the country, young people buy his or her tape. Some ofthe money from these tapes comes to the singer. Wherever the singer goes, allthe young people want to meet him or her. Now the singer has become a national(国家的)star.There are other kinds of music that are important toAmericans. One is called folk (民间)music. It tells stories about the common life of Americans. Another is calledwestern or country music. This was startedby cowboys(件仔)who would sing at night to the cows they werewatching. Today, any music about country life and the love betweena countryboy and his girl is called western or country music.11. ________ kinds of music are mentioned(提到)in this passage.A. TwoB. ThreeC. FourD. Five12, When pop singers________, they will becomenational stars.A. make much moneyB. make aC. D or tapeC. are loved by all the young peopleD. are wanted to sing on the radio13. From the passage we know that country music isabout the________.A. common life of AmericansB. country life and love storiesC. life of cowboysD. school life in America14. Which of the following is true according to thispassage?________.A. Most students in America like popular musicB. Students with cars in America like to listen to music while drivingC. Adult drivers in America listen to music all the time while drivingD. Everyone in America wants to meet pop singers wherever they go15. What would be the best title(标题)for this passage? ________.A. American MusicB.Popular MusicC. History of MusicD. Western MusicB Live Music - Late Night Jazz(爵士乐)Enjoy real American jazz from Herbie Davis, the famoustrumpet player(号手). He is known play well intothe early hours, so don't want to get much sleep.PLACE: The Jazz Club DATES: 15- 23 JunePRICE:(价格):¥100-150TIME: 10p.m.till late!TEL:Scottish DancingScottish dancing is nice and easy to learn. Thewonderful dance from England will be given.PLACE: Jack Stein's DATES: 10-20 MayPRICE: ¥150TIME: 7-10p.m.Shows- Anhui MuseumThere are 12,000 pieces on show here. You can see thewhole of Chinese history.PLACE: Anhui Museum DATES: 1 Mar - 30 JunPRICE:¥60 (¥30 for students)TIME: Monday- Friday 9 a.m. - 5 p.m.TEL: Weekends 9 a.m. - 9 p.m.Your pen-friend is comingfrom Australia to your city for a holiday. You send him this E-mail(电子邮件)to tell him something about thehotels(旅馆).SUN HOTEL DatesDates Prices (a night)1 Oct - 31 Dec.¥1681 Jan - 31 Mar¥1481 Apr- 30 Apr (closed)—1May-31 May¥1881Jun- 30 Sep¥208ROSE HOTELPrices (a night)¥198—¥218¥248TEL:E-mail: Li Hong @ .16. if you want to watch dancing, you cancall________.A. B. C.D.17. You can see the whole of Chinese historyat________ in April in Anhui Museum.A. 3 p.m. every dayB.9 p.m. from Monday to FridayC. 7 a.m. at weekendsD.7 p.m. every day18. You can enjoy________ at Jack Stein's.A. American jazzB. SocttishdancingC. 12,000 pieces onshowD.yourself all night19. Sun Hotel and Rose Hotel are open for________months of the year.A. nineB. tenC. elevenD.twelve20. You have ¥148, and you can________ in May.A. listen to JazzB.watch Scottish dancingC. go to Anhui MuseumD.stay in Sun Hotel for a night初三英语阅读能力训练(三)完形填空Long long ago there lived many micein an old house. They were free to do (1 ). They ate up a lot of food. So (2 )owner of the house wanted to stop themice (3 )food. He got a cat.(4), some of the mice werekilled. One day one of the oldest mice said, All the mice (5)come to my hole tonight, and we'lldecide(6)next about the cat. Each of the mice arrived. Theythought (7)and did what they could to find a way tosave their (8). They spoke, sitting face to face, butnone of them had an idea. Finally a young mouse stood up and said, Why (9)tie a bell (10)the cat's neck?Then,(11)the cat comes close, we willhear the bell and(12. )Then the can won't (13)catch any more of us.It(14)good! Who can do sohere? the oldest mouse asked. At this very moment the hole was quiet andno one answered.At last he said, It's(15)to say than to do.1. A. nothing B.something C.anythingD. everything2. A. the B. an C. aD. one3. A. to eat B. eat C.eatingD.to be eaten4. A. after that B.After a while C.At once D.At thatmoment5. A. should B. have to C.wouldD.must6. A. how to do B. what to do C.when to doD. where to do7. A. strongly B. hard C.hardlyD.heavily8. A. body B. health C.lifeD. lives9. A. not B. not to C.didn'tD.didn't you0. A. over B. with C.roundD.about11. A. while B. when C.ifD.since12. A. move away B. went away C.sent awayD. run away13. A. be able to B. are able to C.is able toD. able to14. A. sound B.sounded C.soundsD.is sounded15. A. easy B. easier C. betterD.the best阅读理解(A)Wed. 11 MarchFootballHensley against MayfairThe football match once a year between Hensley School and Mayfair School will be held on Saturday. However, if there is heavy rain, the match will be held on Sunday 15 at the same time.16. It is decided by()whether the football match will be movedto a late date.A. Hensley SchoolB.Mayfair SchoolC. both of the two schoolsD.the weatherTo Margaret March 31 st I'd like to have you return any of the materials you are not using. I need to be using some of these. If you need some of the things still, please let us talk about which ones.Thank youHarvey17. Harvey would like to().A. borrow some materialsB.lend Margaret somethingC. get something backD.have a talk with MargaretGARDEN RESTAURANTTelephone:Address: 9020 Bridgeport RoadOpen: Mon. to Fri. 7: 00a.m. -2: 30p. m. and 5: 00 p. m. -9: 00p. m.Sat. 7: 00a.m. -11: 00a.m. and 5: 00p. m. -9: 30p. m.Sun. 11: 00a.m. -2: 00p. m. and 5: 00p. m. -9: 30p. m.()NEW YORK MUSEUMTelephone:Address:Vanier Park, 1100Chestnut St. New YorkAmerica's largest museum in American history and part of our native people.Open:Mon. to Fri. 9:30a.m.-5:00p. m. ( Monday free)Sat. 9: 00a.m. -l: 00p. m.()LANSDOWNE PARK SHOPPING CENTERTelephone:Address:5300 No. 3 RoadOpen:Mon. Tues. And Sat. 9: 30a.m. -5: 00p. m.Wed. Thurs. And Fri. 9 : 30.a.m. -9 : 30p. m.Sun. 11 -00a.m. -5: 00p. m.SKYLING HOTELTelephone:Address:3031 No. 3 Road(at Sea Island Way)The Hanger Den: Wed.to Sun. Lunch from 10: 30 a.m.Coffee Shop : Mon. -Fri. 6: 00A. m.Sat. 6 : 30a.m. and Sun. 7 : 00a.m.Mon. -Wed.to 10 : 00p. m.Thurs. -Sun. to 11 : 00p. m.18. If you want to go out for lunch on Sunday, you cancall up the number().A. orB. orC. orD. or19. You do not have to pay on Mondays if you go to()A. Skyline Hotelnsdowne Park Shopping CenterC. New York MuseumD.Garden Restaurant20. If you want to enjoy yourself on Sunday mornings,you can go to ().A. Lansdowne Park Shopping CenterB. New YorkMuseumC. The Hangar DenD.Coffee Shop初三英语阅读能力训练(四)完形填空When someone asks me what business I am in.My face feels (1). I envy (嫉妒) people who can say that theyare writers, bookkeepers and doctors. All these jobsspeak for themselves.I really domake a living by (2),and a goodone, too.I can laugh like a kingor like a school boy. It is a skill (技能) that I have learned, _(_3)__the skill of mending shoes. Whenever and however laughter is needed.I am askedto do()(4)()I laugh like a bus driver or ashopkeeper.I laugh()()(5)(),kindly and happily.I need(6)point out that a job of this kind istiring. I spendmost evenings in nightclubs( 夜总会). My job is to laugh during the (7)part of the show. My loud, hearty laughter must be timed carefully. Itmust not come too soon,(8)neither must it be too late. I gothrough life quietly. I can(9)the laughter of others. I can laugh inmany different ways. But I' m not sure that I have ever heard the sound of(10)own laughter.() 1. A. warm B.cool C.hot D.cold() 2. A. laughing B. writing C.speaking D.working() 3. A.at B.to C.by D.like() 4. A.one B.those C.those D.these() 5. A.gladly B.sadly C.truly D.these() 6. A. clearly B.easily C.truly D.these() 7. A. weaker B.stronger C. more terrible D.more wonderful() 8. A.for B.so C.but D.and() 9. A. get B.make C.copy D.have() 10 A. their B.my C.her D.his阅读理解(A)The other dayRoy Price went home to his sister's house. It's her home now; butit's also the house he was born in. Pat, his sister kissed him and said,You haven't changed much, Roy. Let me see, now —when did we meet last?Twenty-five years age, he answered. I came here for a week, do you remember? He added,You haven't changed much either. It was polite for Roy to say so,but it wasn't true. Pat seemedalmost an old lady. The next morning Roy walked throughthe village alone. The place looked very different. There were lots of trafficsigns on the roads and beside the roads. There was a new car park, a new postoffice, a new bus stop. He remembered suddenly that the bus used to stopanywhere: you just put up your handand it stopped.One surprise followedanother. The railway station was gone! The school was gone; a lot of farmmachinery stood in the playground!But Roy's biggest surprise was thepeople. He didn't recognize(认出)anybody at all; perhaps because everyone seemed old.He went intothe post office and bought some stamps.Where are all the children and young people? he asked thepostmaster.The old fellow looked up from hisbook of stamps. Children? he said. They're in school, ofcourse. There are three or four young families here. The children go to schoolby bus—to Horham.Horham was a town about twentykilometres away.At lunch Pat said, The villagelooks nice, doesn't it?It's all different, Pat. Itused to be an exciting place, but now it's full of old people. I don'tunderstand…There are a few newcomers, butthe ones we knew are still here. You're not exactly young yourself, Roy, areyou?11.Whydid Roy say that Pat hadn't changed much, either? Because ().A. Pat was still a young ladyB.they hadn't seen each other for twenty- five yearsC. he didn't know how much Pat hadchangedD.it was a polite way to say so12. Roy didn't recognize anybody at all because().A. the people of the village were allnewcomersB.they had become much older than beforeC. he didn't know them at allD.the people he knew had gone to school13. Which of the following is true according to thepassage?A. Roy was a young man.B.The people who Roy knew were still in the village.C. Many old people moved into thevillage.D.Roy was younger than the people he knew.14. From the passage, we know that().A. the postmaster understood what RoyaskedB.there was no school in the village beforeC. the children Roy knew must go toschool by busD. Roy didn't realize(认识到)that he was twenty-five years older than before15. The best title(题目) of the passage is().A. ChangesB. A SurpriseC.It's Full of Old PeopleD.A Polite Answer(B)Homesick is acompound (复合) word made up of HOME andSICK. You know what each word means on its own, of course. But think about whatthe words mean when they are used together. Homesick means SICK FOR HOME.Now think for a minute about SEASICK.If you change the word home in the definition(释义) to the word sea, would the definition fit SEASICK?Doesseasick mean SICK FOR SEA? It means something quite different. Seasick meansSICK BY THE MOVEMENT ON THE SEA. When you are homesick, the only place you wantto be at home. When you are seasick, the last place you want to be is at seA.Have you ever heard of a person beingheartsick? Heart-sick doesn't mean that something is wrong with a person'sheart. People are heartsick when they are hurt deep inside and when they feelas if their hearts are broken.But, on the other hand, we have suchcompound words as handshake and handbag. Perhaps you may write definitions forthem and knowing something like this must be helpful in your English study.16. The word SEASICK means ().A. to want very much to go to the seaB.what has nothing to do with the seaC. to be sick because of the seaD.that the sea is terrible17. When we say a person is heartsick, we mean thatA. his heart is brokenB.his heart needs testingC. he's sorry at heartD.he's terribly disappointed(^M)and sad18. The last place you want to be is().A. where you want to be mostB.where you want to be leastC. where you go the lastD.the last place you go to19. The definitions of handbag and handshake are().A. easy to knowB.difficult to knowC. impossible to learnD.unnecessary(没必要) to learn20. The writer wanted to tell us that().A. there are many compound words inEnglishB.the building of compound words is interestingC. the definitions of some compoundwords are hard to guessD. not all the compound words are what they seem to be。
初三中考初中语文阅读理解专题训练含答案带解析(1)
初三中考初中语文阅读理解专题训练含答案带解析(1)一、现代文阅读1.现代文阅读阅读下面的文章,完成各题。
人工智能2018年乌镇世界互联网大会上,百度公司创始人、董事长兼CEO李彦宏说,互联网时代和人工智能时代是两个不同的时代,过去20年人类社会走在互联网时代,但是未来30~50年应该是人们进入人工智能的时代。
什么是“人工智能”?对于人工智能,不同时代有着不同的理解。
20世纪中叶,“机器思维”就已出现在这个世界上。
1936年,英国数学家阿兰·麦席森·图灵从模拟人类思考和证明的过程入手,提出利用机器执行逻辑代码来模拟人类的各种计算和逻辑思维过程的设想。
1950年,他发表了《计算机器与智能》一文,提出了判断机器是否具有智能的标准,即“图灵测试”。
“图灵测试”是指一台机器如果能在5分钟内回答由人类测试者提出的一系列问题,且超过30%的回答让测试者误认为是人类所答,那么就可以认为这机器具有智能。
20世纪80年代,美国哲学家约翰•希尔勒教授用“中文房间”的思维实验,表达了对“智能”的不同思考。
一个不懂中文只会说英语的人被关在一个封闭的房间里,他只有铅笔、纸张和一大本指导手册,不时会有画着陌生符号的纸张被递进来。
被测试者只能通过阅读指导手册找寻对应指令来分析这些符号。
之后,他向屋外的人交出一份同样写满符号的答卷。
被测试者全程都不知道,其实这些纸上用来记录问题和答案的符号是中文。
他完全不懂中文,但他的回答是完全正确的。
上述过程中,被测试者代表计算机,他所经历的也正是计算机的工作内容,即遵循规则,操控符号。
“中文房间”实验说明看起来完全智能的计算机程序其实根本不理解自身处理的各种信息。
希尔勒认为,如果机器有“智能”,就意味着它具有理解能力。
既然机器没有理解能力,那么所谓的“让机器拥有人类智能”的说法就是无稽之谈。
在人工智能研究领域中,不同学派的科学家对“何为智能”的理解不尽相同。
符号主义学派认为“智能”的实质就是具体问题的求解能力,他们会为所设想的智能机器规划好不同的问题求解路径,运用形式推理和数理逻辑的方法,让计算机模仿人类思维进行决策和推理。
初三年级阅读试题及答案
初三年级阅读试题及答案一、阅读理解(共20分)请仔细阅读以下文章,并回答后面的问题。
文章在现代社会,时间被赋予了前所未有的价值。
人们常说“时间就是金钱”,这不仅仅是一个比喻,更是对时间重要性的深刻认识。
在快节奏的生活中,每个人都在努力地节省时间,以提高工作效率和生活质量。
然而,时间的价值远不止于此。
它还关系到我们如何规划生活,如何实现个人目标,甚至是如何享受生活。
时间管理是一门艺术,也是一种科学。
有效的时间管理可以帮助我们更好地平衡工作和休息,提高工作效率,同时也能让我们有更多的时间去做自己喜欢的事情。
但是,时间管理并不是一件容易的事情,它需要我们不断地学习、实践和调整。
在这篇文章中,我们将探讨时间的价值,以及如何通过有效的时间管理来提升我们的生活质量。
1. 根据文章内容,时间的价值体现在哪些方面?(4分)2. 文章提到“时间管理是一门艺术,也是一种科学”,这句话如何理解?(4分)3. 文章中提到了哪些方法可以帮助我们更好地管理时间?(4分)4. 你认为时间管理对个人生活有哪些影响?请结合文章内容和你的个人经验谈谈你的看法。
(8分)二、答案1. 根据文章内容,时间的价值体现在提高工作效率和生活质量,规划生活,实现个人目标,以及享受生活等方面。
2. 文章中提到“时间管理是一门艺术,也是一种科学”,这句话意味着时间管理既需要创造性和灵活性,也需要遵循一定的规则和方法。
3. 文章中提到了有效的时间管理可以帮助我们更好地平衡工作和休息,提高工作效率,以及有更多的时间去做自己喜欢的事情。
4. 时间管理对个人生活的影响包括:帮助我们更有效地完成任务,减少压力,提高生活满意度,以及有更多的时间进行个人发展和休闲活动。
结合个人经验,我认为良好的时间管理是实现个人目标和享受生活的关键。
通过合理规划时间,我能够更好地平衡学习、工作和娱乐,从而提高整体的生活质量。
阅读理解练习题初三
阅读理解练习题初三一、现代文阅读1. 阅读下面的文章,回答问题。
(1)作者在文章开头提到的“最不能忘记的是他的背影”,这里的“背影”具体指什么?(2)文中父亲为作者买橘子时,作者是如何描述父亲的外貌和动作的?(3)结合文章内容,谈谈你对“父爱如山”这句话的理解。
2. 阅读下面的文章,回答问题。
(4)文章中,菲利普夫妇对于勒的态度前后发生了怎样的变化?(5)于勒在信中透露了自己的生活现状,他为什么要这样做?(6)结合文章内容,谈谈你对“金钱并非万能”这句话的理解。
二、古诗文阅读1. 阅读下面的古诗,回答问题。
《登鹳雀楼》王之涣白日依山尽,黄河入海流。
欲穷千里目,更上一层楼。
(7)这首诗描绘了怎样的景象?(8)诗人通过这首诗表达了怎样的哲理?2. 阅读下面的文言文,回答问题。
《鱼我所欲也》孟子鱼,我所欲也;熊掌,亦我所欲也。
二者不可得兼,舍鱼而取熊掌者也。
生,亦我所欲也;义,亦我所欲也。
二者不可得兼,舍生而取义者也。
(9)这段文字中,孟子用“鱼”和“熊掌”比喻了什么?(10)请简要阐述孟子的观点。
三、说明文阅读1. 阅读下面的说明文,回答问题。
《沙漠里的奇怪现象》(11)文章中提到的海市蜃楼是如何形成的?(12)鸣沙现象产生的原因是什么?(13)结合文章内容,谈谈你对沙漠中这些奇怪现象的认识。
四、议论文阅读1. 阅读下面的议论文,回答问题。
《敬业与乐业》梁启超(14)作者认为敬业与乐业的关系是什么?(15)文章中提到的敬业与乐业的现实意义是什么?(16)结合文章内容,谈谈你对敬业与乐业的理解。
五、文学名著阅读1. 阅读下面的名著片段,回答问题。
《西游记》(17)孙悟空为什么会被如来佛祖压在五行山下?(18)在五行山下,孙悟空遇到了哪些前来探望他的神仙和朋友?(19)结合《西游记》的故事情节,谈谈你对孙悟空性格特点的认识。
2. 阅读下面的名著片段,回答问题。
《红楼梦》(20)贾宝玉为何对林黛玉情有独钟?(21)薛宝钗与林黛玉在性格上有哪些不同?(22)结合《红楼梦》的故事情节,谈谈你对贾宝玉性格特点的认识。
初中九年级现代文阅读测试题及答案
初中九年级现代文阅读测试题及答案题目一:阅读理解阅读下面的短文,并根据短文内容回答下面的问题。
时间:15分钟短文一:《草地上的夜晚》夜晚,有时是悠然宁静的,有时是灯火通明的,而当你身处在草地上的时候,夜晚又是一种特别的感受。
"世界的尽头",草地上的夜晚给了你无限的遐想。
微风轻拂着你的脸庞,夜空中繁星闪烁着微弱的光芒。
你躺在柔软的草地上,闭上眼睛,仿佛能听见昆虫在其中进行交响。
那是草地上的夜晚特有的音乐,一种悠扬的旋律。
草地上已经没有了白天的喧嚣,只剩下深夜里几道寂静的灯光。
远处的城市,星光烁烁,仿佛无边无际。
你的思绪穿梭于星光之间,探索未知的世界。
草地上的夜晚是投射着奥秘的,或让你思考生命的意义;或让你沉醉于繁星点点的美丽;或让你渴望成为一位探索家,去发现更多未知的世界。
问题:1. 短文描述了什么场景?2. 草地上的夜晚给人们带来怎样的感受?3. 短文中提到的音乐是什么?4. 短文中的城市是如何描述的?5. 草地上的夜晚能给人们带来哪些思考?参考答案:1. 短文描述了草地上的夜晚。
2. 草地上的夜晚给人们带来无限的遐想和特别的感受。
3. 短文中提到的音乐是草地上的夜晚特有的昆虫交响。
4. 短文中的城市被描述为远处繁星闪烁的,仿佛无边无际。
5. 草地上的夜晚能让人们思考生命的意义,欣赏星光之美,渴望成为探索家。
题目二:文学知识阅读下面的诗句,并根据诗句内容完成后面的任务。
时间:10分钟诗句一:《登鹳雀楼》——王之涣白日依山尽,黄河入海流。
欲穷千里目,更上一层楼。
诗句二:《静夜思》——李白床前明月光,疑是地上霜。
举头望明月,低头思故乡。
任务一:根据《登鹳雀楼》中的诗句一,回答以下问题:1. 诗中的白日和黄河分别指代什么?2. 如果要欲穷千里目,应该做什么?3. 后面提到的“更上一层楼”是什么意思?参考答案:1. 白日指白天,黄河指一条长流。
2. 欲穷千里目需要登上更高的楼层。
3. “更上一层楼”是比喻要不断追求进步、超越自己。
初三阅读理解试题及答案
初三阅读理解试题及答案一、阅读下列短文,完成1-5题。
The Internet has become an important part of our daily life.It has changed the way we live, work, and communicate. Withthe help of the Internet, we can do a lot of things that were impossible before. We can shop, learn, and even work online. The Internet has made our lives more convenient and efficient.1. What has the Internet changed?A. The way we liveB. The way we workC. The way we communicateD. All of the above2. What can we do with the Internet?A. Shop onlineB. Learn onlineC. Work onlineD. All of the above3. What does the author think about the Internet?A. It is very useful.B. It is very convenient.C. It is very efficient.D. All of the above4. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage?A. The Internet has changed our lives.B. The Internet has made our lives more convenient.C. The Internet has made our lives more boring.D. The Internet has made our lives more efficient.5. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The Internet has changed our lives.B. The Internet has made our lives more convenient.C. The Internet has made our lives more efficient.D. The Internet has made our lives more convenient and efficient.答案:1. D2. D3. D4. C5. D。
初三中考初中语文阅读理解专题训练含答案带解析(1)
初三中考初中语文阅读理解专题训练含答案带解析(1)一、现代文阅读1.现代文阅读阅读下文,回答问题涵养几分静气①一则故事,读来耐人寻味。
父亲丢了一块表,抱怨着四处寻找,可怎么也找不到;等他出去后,儿子悄悄进屋,不一会儿就找到了。
父亲很好奇,儿子则回答:我就安静地坐着,听到滴答滴答的声音,表就找到了。
②这就是“心静”的力量。
“静而后能安,安而后能虑,虑而后能得”。
一事当前,苦恼抱怨无济于事,烦躁惊慌也于事无补,唯有稳住阵脚、静下心来、凝神细思,方能寻觅解决之道。
诸葛亮在《诫子书》中一语道破“静”的重要,“静以修身,俭以养德。
非淡泊无以明志,非宁静无以致远”。
坚守内心的宁静,保持清醒的头脑,才能见天地之精微,察万物之规律。
那么,“静心功夫”从何处得来?③涵养静心功夫,离不开严格的自律。
毛泽东同志在湖南一师求学时,特意到最喧闹的地方读书,目的就是锻炼意志,让自己能够胸怀静气,心绪不受外界所扰。
为了让自己安静下来,有人给自己定下“静坐”的“日课”,坚持每天独坐两小时,终于改掉了身上浮躁的毛病。
严格的自律,助人逐渐养成宁静、专一的心态,让人虽得意而不忘形、处困顿而不沉沦、临诱惑而不摇摆,也因静而明志,因静而生慧。
④有人说,每临大事有静气。
大事当前的静心功夫,往往得益于艰难困苦的历练。
苏轼《书舟中作字》记载,一次乘船途中,滩险舟危,舟中士子面无人色,唯独他“作字不少衰”。
这份从容盖因其“更变亦多矣”,所以能临事不惧,处变不惊。
可见,不惮于在难事、烦事、急事、苦事上多磨炼,就能将内心打磨得成熟豁达,沉稳有定力,不再拘泥于一时一事的得失;多经历几番雨疏风骤的洗礼,耐得几回兴衰荣辱的打磨,就能在大事来临之时,气定神闲、沉着冷静,抵达“不以物喜,不以己悲”的境界。
⑤读书以养性,书画以养心。
“静心功夫”,还可从读书中来。
寂寞忧愁时读一阕《定风波》,心会变得豁达敞亮;委屈不平时读一卷《宽容的哲学》,能收获“既忍且耐”的智慧。
中考试题初三英语阅读理解练习题
中考英语阅读理解模拟试题一一、有人为了要扩张耕地和工地面积,试图把湿地变成农田,变成建筑,可是这是决不行旳!由于湿地对我们人类来说是十分重要旳。
There are many wetlands(湿地) in China and some of them have become the world ‘s important wetlands. The Chinese Yellow Sea Wetlands are among them. They are in Yancheng, Jiangsu Province. They are home for many different kinds of birds and animals. The world’s largest Milu Deer Nature Reserve(自然保护区) is in them. More than 700 milu deer live freely there. There are not many red-crowned cranes in the world, but every winter you can see some in the Red-crowned Cranes Nature Reserve in the Yellow Sea Wetlands.The temperature in the wetlands is usually neither too high nor too low. There is a lot of rain and sunshine, too. They are really good places for wildlife(野生生物)。
Offering food and home for some special kinds of animals and birds is not the only reason why we need to protect wetlands. Wetlands are important because they also prevent flood. But some people want to change the wetlands to make more space for farms and buildings. This means there will be less and less space for wildlife.Luckily, more and more people are beginning to realize the important of wetlands and wildlife. Every year, on February 2nd, many activities are held to tell people more about wetlands.根据以上短文内容,然后从每题所给旳四个选项中选择最佳选项。
初三阅读理解训练(1)
阅读理解(一)(共20小题;每小题2分,满分40分)(A)Twenty years ago, I drove a taxi for a living. One night I went to pick up a passenger at 2:30 a.m. When I arrived to collect, I saw a small woman in her eighties stood before me. I took her suitcase to the car, and then returned to help the woman. She took my arm and we walked slowly toward the car.She kept thanking me for my kindness. “It’s nothing,” I told her. “I just try to treat my passengers the way I would want my mother treated.”“Oh, you’re such a good man,” she s aid. When we got into the taxi, she gave me an address, and then asked, “Could you drive through downtown?”“It’s not the shortest way.” I answered quickly.“Oh, I’m in no hurry.” she said. “I’m on my way to a hospice (临终医院). I don’t have any family left. The doctor says I don’t have very long time.” I quietly shut off the meter (计价器). For the next two hours, we drove through the city. She showed me the building where she had once worked, the neighborhood where she had lived. Sometimes she’d ask me to slow down in front of a special building and would sit staring into the darkness, saying nothing.At dawn, she suddenly said, “I’m tired. Let’s go now.”We drove in silence to the address she had given me.“How much shall I give you?” she asked.“Nothing,” I s aid.“You have to make a living.” she answered. “Oh, there are other passengers,” I answered.Almost without thinking, I bent and gave her a hug (拥抱). She held onto me tightly and said, “You gave an old woman a little moment of happiness.”46. When did the story happen?A. One night twenty years ago.B. At 2:30 in the afternoon twenty years ago.C. When the driver was twenty.D. When the old woman was ill.47. Why did the old woman choose to go through the city?A. Because she wanted to show she knew the city very well.B. Because she wanted to see some places for the last time.C. Because she let the driver earn more money.D. Because she wanted to reach the hospice on time.48. Why did the taxi driver not get any money from the old woman?A. He wanted to help her.B. He shut off the meter by mistake.C. Others had paid him.D. He was in a hurry to take other passengers.49. Which is NOT true according to the passage?A. It took them 2 hours to drive through the city.B. The writer made a living by driving a taxi.C. The old woman was related to the writer.D. The old woman got a little moment of joy because of the writer’s kindness.50. What can we learn from the story?A. Giving is always for retuning.B. People should respect each other.C. An act of kindness can bring people pleasure.D. People should learn to appreciate (感激) others’ help(B)We surveyed 300 young people on what they like to do at weekends. One hundred people are from the ages of 11-18, one hundred 19-26 and one hundred 27-35. The following shows their answers:51. How many people enjoy playing computer games in the 11-18 group?A. 20.B. 50.C. 60.D. 75.52. What do the people of 19-26 enjoy doing most?A. Watching TV.B. Going to the movies.C. Playing computer games.D. Taking a walk.53. Which two activities do most people enjoy doing?A. Playing computer games and watching TV.B. Playing computer games and taking a walk.C. Watching TV and going to the movies.D. Going to the movies and taking a walk.54. From the chart above, we can see the older people are, the more they like ______.A. watching TVB. taking a walkC. going to the moviesD. playing computer games55. Which of the following is TRUE according to the chart?A. Fewest people like taking a walk.B. The people of 11-18 like taking a walk most.C. 90 people like going to the movies in the 19-26 group.D. The people of 27-35 like playing computer games most.(C)Editor: Today our topic is part–time jobs. Are they good for school children or not? Headmaster: Certainly not. Children have got two full–time jobs already: growing up and going to school. Part–time jobs make them so tired that they fallasleep in class.Mrs. Barrens: I agree with you. I know school hours are not short, and there’s too much homework, too, so children need a lot of sleep.Mr. Barrens: Some students stay at school until they’re eighteen or nineteen. A part–time job can’t harm them. In fact, it’s good for them. They earntheir pocket-money instead of asking their parents for it. And they seesomething of the world outside school.Businessman: You’re quite right. Boys learn a lot from part-time jobs. And we mustn’t forget that some families need the extra money. If the students don’ttake part-time jobs, they can’t stay at school.Editor: Well, we have got two for, and two against. What do our readers think?56. What is the discussion about?A. Pocket-money.B. Part-time jobs.C. Enough sleep.D. Much homework.57. Who have the same opinion?A. Mr. and Mrs. Barrens.B. Editor and Mr. Barrens.C. Headmaster and Mrs. Barrens.D. Businessman and Headmaster.58. What’s the opinion of Mrs. Bar rens?A. She thinks the children need to stay at school until they are sixteen orseventeen.B. She thinks the children should see something of the world outside school.C. She thinks the children need to have some pocket-money.D. She thinks the children need to have enough sleep.59. What do the children think of part-time jobs?A. Part-time jobs are good for school children.B. Part-time jobs can help students from poor families.C. Part-time jobs can’t harm school children.D. The passage doesn’t m ention it.60. The underline words “… two for” (in the last sentence ) refers to _______.A. two persons are rightB. two persons are for the same ideaC. two persons think part–time jobs are goodD. two persons don’t think part–time jobs are good(D)We are often asked to make a speech in life. Most of us are afraid of it and don’t do a good job. Here are some simple steps to make your speech a successful one. First of all, find out everything you can about your subject and at the same time find out as much as you can about your audience. Who are they? What do they know about your subject? Put yourself in their shoes as you prepare your speech.Then try to arrange your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow. Use as manyexamples as possible.Never forget your audience. Don’t talk over their heads or talk down to them. When you are giving your speech, speak slowly and clearly, look at your audience and pause for a few seconds from time to time to give your audience chances to think over what you’ve said.Just remember: be prepared, know your subject and your audience, say what you have to say and be yourself so that your ideas will bring you and your audience together.61. “Put yourself in their shoes as you prepare your speech.” (underlined) meansthat while preparing your speech, you must ________.A. put your shoes away and put on theirsB. try to think in the way as they doC. wear the shoes in the same size as theirsD. try to speak in their words62. When he is giving his speech, the speaker should ________.A. let his eyes rest on the subjectB. follow the audience step by stepC. face the audience in a right wayD. look up and down from time to time63. What does the underlined word “pause” mean in the passage?A. Listen.B. Stop.C. Choose.D. Search.64. Which is the best title of the passage?A. How to Make a Good SpeechB. How to Pick out the Topic for a SpeechC. How to Prepare the Material for a SpeechD. How to Remember the Audience65. In what order should a good speech be arranged?a. Give your audience chances to think over what you’ve said.b. Find out as much as you can about your audience.c. Try to arrange your material so that your speech is clear and easy to follow.d. Find out everything you can about your subjecte. Speak slowly and clearly, look at your audienceA. d,b,c,e,aB. b,d,e,a,c,fC.b,a,d, c,e,D. e,b,a,f,d,c。
2019-2020年九年级初中语文阅读理解专题训练及答案(1)
2019-2020年九年级初中语文阅读理解专题训练及答案(1)一、现代文阅读1.现代文阅读阅读下文,回答问题。
春季的气候变化无常。
在春季天气回暖过程中,常因冷空气的侵入,使气温明显降低,对作物造成危害,这种“前春暖,后春寒”的天气称为倒春寒。
倒春寒是南方早稻播种育秧期的主要灾害性天气,是造成早稻烂种烂秧的主要原因。
“倒春寒”发生时,可使正处于返青或拔节生长阶段的冬小麦遭受不同程度的冻害,可使已经播种尚未出土的棉花、水稻等农作物出现烂种,已经出土的幼苗大量被冻死。
春季天气转暖以后,人们身体的抗寒能力和抗病能力出现下降,会经受不住“倒春寒”时突然袭来的冷空气的刺激。
与此同时,天气变暖会使细菌迅速滋生。
如不注意预防,“倒春寒”对人体的健康会造成一定的危害。
尤其是抵抗能力较低的老人和儿童,更容易受冻感冒。
在“倒春寒”袭击时,怎样保健呢?一,注意收听收看天气预报,根据天气变化防寒保暖,适时、适度增减衣物。
要适当“春捂”,不要因为气温暂时升高就马上脱掉冬装。
早晚气温较低,要注意保暖。
在阳光充足的中午,便可适当减少衣物。
二,要适当进行户外活动,参加体育锻炼,呼吸新鲜空气,以改善心肺功能,使身体更好地进行调节,适应春季多变的气候。
锻炼出汗后,更容易受寒,不能过快减少衣物或吹风降温,要迅速擦干汗水,及时换上干燥衣服,注意保暖。
三,应讲究科学的饮食,多吃一些健脾胃的食物,如含维生素、微量元素丰富且易于消化的鸡、鸭、瘦肉、蛋类、蔬菜、水果等。
四,室内要经常开窗通风换气,以减少和抑制病菌的存活和繁殖,尽量避免在人群密集的区域逗留,安全度过气候多变的春天。
五,要多喝水,这样不仅有利于保持血流畅通,而且可以预防呼吸道疾病。
(1)下面对“倒春寒”理解不正确的一项是()A. “倒春寒”是春季天气变暖后,因冷空气入侵气温下降形成的。
B. “倒春寒”对于春季农业生产来说,是一种灾害性天气。
C. “倒春寒”的冻害会造成南方的早稻、北方的冬小麦烂种烂秧。
人教版九年级下学期语文第三单元阅读与鉴赏专项测试一(达标测试)(附答案)
人教版九下语文第三单元阅读与鉴赏专项测试一(达标测试)1.阅读《鱼我所欲也》,完成下列五小题。
鱼,我所欲也;熊掌,亦我所欲也。
二者不可得兼,舍鱼而取熊掌者也。
生,亦我所欲也;义,亦我所欲也。
二者不可得兼,舍生而取义者也。
生亦我所欲,所欲有甚于生者,故不为苟得也;死亦我所恶,所恶有甚于死者,故患有所不辟也。
如使人之所欲莫甚于生,则凡可以得生者何不用也?使人之所恶莫甚于死者,则凡可以辟患者何不为也?由是则生而有不用也,由是则可以辟患而有不为也。
是故所欲有甚于生者,所恶有甚于死者。
非独贤者有是心也,人皆有之,贤者能勿丧耳。
一箪食,一豆羹,得之则生,弗得则死。
呼尔而与之,行道之人弗受;蹴尔而与之,乞人不屑也。
万钟则不辩礼义而受之,万钟于我何加焉!为宫室之美、妻妾之奉、所识穷乏者得我与?乡为身死而不受,今为宫室之美为之;乡为身死而不受,今为妻妾之奉为之;乡为身死而不受,今为所识穷乏者得我而为之:是亦不可以已乎?此之谓失其本心。
(1) 下列句子中,加点词的意义和用法都相同A.故.不为苟得也两狼之并驱如故.B.二者不可得.兼所识穷乏者得.我与C.是亦不可以已.乎死而后已.D.人皆有之.行道之.人弗受(2) 用现代汉语翻译下面的句子。
i 是故所欲有甚于生者,所恶有甚于死者。
ii 是亦不可以已乎?此之谓失其本心。
(3) 下列对课文内容的理解与分析,正确的一项是A.本文提出在“生”和“义”不能兼顾的情况下,应该舍义取生的观点。
B.本文作者仅从正面来申述观点,并运用了举例论证的方法证明观点。
C.作者认为一个人哪怕有“本心”在,但在生死关头,也不能经受住考验。
D.虽然“一箪食,一豆羹”是微不足道的,但作者认为这也能考验一个人的品德。
(4) 作者为了证明自己的观点,列举了不食嗟来之食的事例,请你谈谈该事例给你的启示。
(5) 孟子提倡的“舍生取义”曾经造就了一大批仁人志士,而现在的学校教育则强调我们中小学生要珍爱生命,教育部新修改的《中学生日常行为规范》就删掉了“见义勇为,敢于斗争”的字样。
初三语文阅读理解练习
初三语文阅读理解练习在初三的语文学习中,阅读理解是不可或缺的一部分。
它不仅能够培养学生的阅读能力,还能提高学生的语文素养和理解力。
以下是一篇针对初三学生的阅读理解练习,旨在通过练习提升学生的阅读理解能力。
阅读下面的文章,完成1-5题。
《春天的早晨》春天的早晨,阳光透过窗帘,轻轻地洒在了窗台上。
窗外,鸟儿的歌声清脆悦耳,仿佛在诉说着春天的到来。
我推开窗户,一股清新的空气迎面扑来,带着泥土的芬芳和花朵的香气。
院子里的树木开始吐出嫩绿的新芽,小草也从土里探出头来,好奇地打量着这个世界。
我穿上外套,走出家门,沿着小路漫步。
路旁的野花在微风中摇曳,像是在向我点头致意。
我不禁放慢了脚步,欣赏着这美丽的春景。
远处的田野里,农人们已经开始了一天的劳作,他们的身影在晨光中显得格外勤劳。
春天的早晨,是一天中最美好的时光。
它充满了希望和活力,让人心情愉悦。
我深深地吸了一口新鲜的空气,感受着春天的气息,心中充满了对新一天的期待。
1. 根据文章内容,作者在春天的早晨做了哪些事情?答:作者推开窗户,感受清新的空气,穿上外套走出家门,沿着小路漫步,欣赏春景。
2. 文章中描述了哪些春天的景象?答:文章描述了阳光洒在窗台上,鸟儿的歌声,清新的空气,树木吐出嫩绿的新芽,小草探出头来,路旁野花摇曳,农人劳作等春天的景象。
3. 文章中“春天的气息”指的是什么?答:文章中“春天的气息”指的是春天特有的清新空气、泥土的芬芳和花朵的香气,以及春天带来的希望和活力。
4. 作者对春天的早晨有怎样的感受?答:作者对春天的早晨感到愉悦和期待,认为它是一天中最美好的时光,充满了希望和活力。
5. 请从文中找出至少两个使用拟人手法的句子,并分析其表达效果。
答:文中使用了拟人手法的句子有:“鸟儿的歌声清脆悦耳,仿佛在诉说着春天的到来”和“路旁的野花在微风中摇曳,像是在向我点头致意”。
这些拟人手法的使用,使得春天的景象更加生动形象,增强了读者的阅读体验,让读者能够更加直观地感受到春天的生机与活力。
初三下册语文阅读理解题
初三下册语文阅读理解题
在初三下册的语文学习中,阅读理解题是检验学生对文本理解和分析
能力的重要方式。
这类题目通常要求学生阅读一篇或几篇文章,然后
根据文章内容回答相关问题。
以下是一篇阅读理解题的示例内容:
文章:《春天的田野》
春天来了,万物复苏,田野里一片生机勃勃。
小草从土里探出头来,
好奇地打量着这个世界。
花儿们也不甘示弱,竞相开放,红的、黄的、紫的,五彩斑斓,像是给大地穿上了一件花衣裳。
蜜蜂和蝴蝶在花丛
中翩翩起舞,忙碌地采蜜。
小溪边,柳树抽出了嫩绿的新芽,随风轻
轻摇曳。
孩子们在田野里奔跑,放风筝,欢声笑语回荡在空气中。
问题:
1. 文章中描述了哪些春天的景象?
2. 春天的田野里,哪些生物表现出了活力?
3. 文章中提到的孩子们在做什么活动?
4. 作者通过描绘春天的田野,想要传达什么样的情感?
参考答案:
1. 文章中描述了小草、花儿、蜜蜂、蝴蝶、柳树和孩子们等春天的景象。
2. 春天的田野里,小草、花儿、蜜蜂、蝴蝶、柳树和孩子们都表现出
了活力。
3. 文章中提到的孩子们在田野里奔跑,放风筝。
4. 作者通过描绘春天的田野,传达了对春天生机勃勃、充满活力的赞美之情。
请注意,以上内容仅为示例,实际的阅读理解题会根据具体文章和教学要求进行设计。
在实际考试或练习中,学生需要根据所提供的文本内容,仔细阅读并理解,然后给出准确、完整的答案。
初三下限时阅读理解训练一
初三下限时阅读理解训练一九下阅读限时训练一训练时间:第4周一、(2021.厦门中考)断头树也有春天【英】珍〃古德①写下这段文字时,我正坐在英格兰伯恩茅斯的家中,抬头就能望见窗外的几棵树。
其中一棵山毛榉树是我的最爱。
小时候,它的树枝便是我最好的椅背,倚着它,我读完了《人猿泰山》,幻想着自己有一天也能生活在森林里。
②山毛榉树是我最好的玩伴,我常常在树上一待就是几个小时。
我每天都会轻唤着它的名字,把自己的一些小秘密说给它听。
夏日午后,当微风穿过枝丫,我仿佛听到了它的呢喃低语。
A叶儿轻轻摆着,边歌边舞,那是它为我精心设计的演出。
刮大风的时候,我搂紧它的臂膀,随它一起在风中摇晃。
③每当我徘徊在一棵大树下时,我总是惊叹于树里隐藏了多少岁月的故事,那展臂迎风的树枝经受了多少载的风雨,还有那多到无法数清的树叶,有多少歌儿要吟唱。
我们所能看到的地面上的部分,只是树的一部分,在那深不可及的地下,埋藏着它最深沉的心事和渴望。
B也许是与树接触久了,我似乎读懂了树的语言,理解了与人类密不可分的另一个世界。
④“幸存者”是一棵在“9〃11”恐怖袭击事件中幸存的豆梨树。
20世纪70年代起,它就被栽植在世贸中心5号楼附近,年年用绽放的白色小花,为水泥世界里的人们送来春的讯息。
与同伴一样,它也被埋在了倒塌的双子塔下。
⑤一个月后,清理残骸的工人发现了它。
彼时,树已经被“肢解”――水泥碎块砸得它“身首异处”,剩下的树干被烧焦,树根严重受损。
人们把它送入纽约公园的苗圃。
⑥苗圃的管理人员告诉我,第一次看见这棵断头树时,他觉得根本不可能有任何方法让这棵树起死回生,他没想到去掉表层烧焦部分的“幸存者”,竟在苗圃的优质土壤里生根了。
⑦“幸存者”注定拥有不平凡的生命。
2021年春天,一场可怕的风暴以每小时160公里的速度席卷了“幸存者”所在的区域。
风暴过后,“幸存者”已有部分树根裸露在外,苗圃管理人员给“幸存者”又做了一次大手术。
⑧起初他们不敢有太大的动作,只是把树枝抬起来一些,让树干跟地面依然保持一定角度。
最新九年级初中语文阅读理解专题训练含答案带解析(1)
最新九年级初中语文阅读理解专题训练含答案带解析(1)一、现代文阅读1.现代文阅读阅读下面选文,完成小题。
蛋白蛋黄都要吃①蛋黄中胆固醇含量高,因而很多人不敢吃鸡蛋黄,尤其是血脂和血压异常的朋友,吃鸡蛋往往把蛋黄丢弃,只吃蛋清。
②事实上,蛋清与蛋黄相比,营养差远了,丢弃蛋黄只吃蛋清是非常浪费的吃法。
即使患有高血脂、高胆固醇的人也可以吃蛋黄,适量即可。
③蛋黄是蛋类中维生素和矿物质的主要集中部位,并且富含磷脂和胆碱,其脂肪组成以单不饱和脂肪酸为主。
蛋黄是鸡蛋的精髓,对健康十分有益。
蛋黄中还含有甜菜碱、叶黄素、叶酸等营养保健成分。
适量食用蛋黄,与其他食物营养成分合理搭配,有利于降低心脏病的危险,预防老年人眼睛黄斑变性等病症。
④蛋黄有一个小优点,不管用什么方法烹调,其营养成分变化都很小,能够比较完好地保存。
有人认为,蛋黄煎煮熟透会破坏其营养成分,这完全是多余的担心。
⑤蛋黄最受争议的一点是其胆固醇含量比较高,经检测100克蛋黄的胆固醇含量有1510毫克左右。
但是,科学证据表明适量摄入蛋黄不会明显影响血清胆固醇水平,也不会成为引起心血管等疾病的危险因素;对于一般人群而言,每天吃1个鸡蛋与心血管疾病的发病风险没有关联。
⑥已经确诊患有高血脂、高胆固醇的人也可以吃鸡蛋,包括蛋黄。
考虑到风险因素,关键是要掌握好蛋黄的食用量,而不该完全舍弃吃鸡蛋。
蛋黄中含有丰富的卵磷脂,卵磷脂具有调节和控制血胆固醇的作用。
就是说鸡蛋黄虽然胆固醇含量高,但同时其自身具有一定的调节胆固醇效用。
相比蛋黄,高胆固醇患者更应该控制的食物是猪脑、牛脑等食物。
猪脑、牛脑中胆固醇含量是鸡蛋黄的2倍。
⑦胆固醇属于脂类,人体各组织中皆含有胆固醇,它是许多生物膜的重要组成成分。
胆固醇是体内合成维生素D及胆汁酸的前题,维生素D调节钙磷代谢,胆汁酸是脂类和脂溶性维生素消化与吸收的必需条件。
胆固醇在体内还可以转变成多种激素。
⑧人体内胆固醇主要有两个来源:一种是内源性的,由人体肝脏自己产生,占人体胆固醇总量的70%—80%,是人体胆固醇的主要来源;另一种是外源性的,经膳食摄入,占人体胆固醇总量的20%—30%。
最新九年级初中语文阅读理解专题训练含答案带解析(1)
最新九年级初中语文阅读理解专题训练含答案带解析(1)一、现代文阅读1.现代文阅读阅读下面的文章,完成下列小题。
①日落确实很美,色彩绚丽,变化多端。
可是观赏者不会想到吧,这些奇异景象竟然大都是幻觉,夕阳本身没有任何变化。
②天文学家早就发现,地球大气会使光线散射。
1871年,英国科学家瑞利证明,短波光的散射比长波光要强得多,所以,阳光中的短波光——紫色光被大气层中微小尘埃和空气分子散射,要比长波光——红色光强10倍以上(这首先可以解释为什么天空总是蔚蓝色的)。
由于日落日出的时候,阳光所穿透的大气层增厚,而黄、红色光穿透能力最大,所以此时太阳看起来深黄、殷红。
一般来进,黄昏时空气中的烟尘要比清晨多,因此,落日颜色又不同于旭日。
③由于地球表面和大气层都是弯曲的,接近地平线的太阳的光线穿过大气层时,其距离远大于高层,所以进入底层的光线迅速衰减,再加上太阳沉入地平线后所造成的地球影子,就在天空中呈现出蓝灰色的暗弧;而高层大气密度小,光散射弱,就产生了暗弧上的亮弧。
这种奇妙的大气光学现象随着太阳的下落而升向天顶,随着黑暗的降临而消失。
至于美丽的紫光,是因为人眼的叠合效应,使通过大气尘埃的红色光与高层大气中较纯空气的蓝色散射光叠合而产生的。
④太阳扁的幻觉,不只出现在日落,太阳跳出地平线时也是如此。
这是由于光通过空气时,速度每秒减慢87千米,因而光线折射也随之发生变化,所以,当落日下缘接触地平线时,折射使落日的高度和宽度之比为26.5:32,观赏者眼睛里的太阳自然就是扁的。
⑤最令人迷惑的幻觉,是日落时的太阳看上去要比高挂天空时大两倍半到三倍半,就像一个巨大的玉盘远挂天边。
但实际上,在大气层外天文学家用各种仪器观测,包括用照相机拍照,已经证明黄昏的太阳与中午的太阳大小是一样的。
(1)下列对人们看日落时产生的幻觉及幻觉产生的原因,判断错误的一项是()A. 颜色深黄、股红——光线散射和波光长短原理B. 暗弧上的亮弧——高层大气密度大,光散射弱C. 四方天空出现述人的紫光——人眼的叠合效应D. 接近地平线时太阳变扁了——光线折射原理(2)下列选项中的说明方法在选文④⑤段中运用到的一项是()①作比较②分类别③打比方④下定义⑤列数字⑥作诠释A. ①②③⑤B. ②④⑤⑥C. ①③④⑥D.①③⑤⑥(3)下列对选文的理解与分析错误的一项是()A. 选文②④段画波浪线句中“一般来讲”和“不只”的运用体现了说明文语言的准确性。
初三语文阅读理解专项练习题及答案
(一)天色已晚朱山坡①我已经三个月零十七天没有吃肉了,母亲终于答应祖母生日这天吃一顿肉。
为此,她将地里能卖的东西都贱卖了,终于凑足了六块钱。
这是三斤肉的钱。
午饭后,我撇开双腿,往镇上的肉行飞奔。
每到镇上,我总喜欢坐在肉行临街的长椅上,倾听从街对面的电影院传出来的人物对白,想象每一个角色的言行举止和观众各异的表情。
②屠户们看到我,对我说,小子,卢大耳说了,从今天起,“听电影”也要收费了,因为电影里的门门道道都被你听出来了。
我才不相信他们的鬼话。
我说,我今天不是来听电影的,是来买肉的,今天是我祖母生日,我必须买三斤肉回家。
屠户们大为意外,纷纷夸自己的肉,从没如此慷慨地给我那么多的笑容和奉承。
我对每一个肉摊的肉都评头品足一番,却没有掏钱。
我知道等到快打烊的时候,那些剩肉往往被他们忍痛贱卖。
我得跟他们耗时间。
时候还早。
反正我不缺时间。
屠户们看不见我的城府有多深,肤浅地对我冷嘲热讽,特别是老宋,说我妄想用六块钱买一头猪回家。
我不管他们,像往常那样,坐在肉行临街长椅上,安静地“听电影”。
③电影刚好开始。
一听片头音乐,便知道是日本电影《伊豆的舞女》。
这是一年来我第三次“听”这个影片了。
怪不得今天的电影院门口冷冷清清的,似乎连检票的卢大耳都不见踪影。
但当我听到薰子说话的声音时,心还是禁不住狂奔乱跳甚至浑身颤抖。
她从遥远的日本来到我的小镇,每次都只是和我相隔一条简陋的街道,一堵破败的墙,甚至只隔着粗鄙委琐的卢大耳。
她已经第三次来到我的身边,也许是最后一次了,我觉得我应该和她相见。
④入门没人把守,畅通无阻。
我拣一个角落把身子掩藏在座位里,马上就能看到薰子了!我下意识地直了直身,伸长了脖子,睁大了眼睛,还快速地整理了一下仪表,双脚相互搓掉对方的污垢……⑤突然一只手将我从作为上拎起来,是该死的卢大耳!他低声地对我吼道:“我早料到你是一个小偷,今天偷到电影院来了!”卢大耳把我拖出电影院,扔到门外的大街上,还大声喊叫:语言里充满了轻薄和挑衅。
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九下阅读限时训练一训练时间:第4周一、(2016.厦门中考)断头树也有春天【英】珍〃古德①写下这段文字时,我正坐在英格兰伯恩茅斯的家中,抬头就能望见窗外的几棵树。
其中一棵山毛榉树是我的最爱。
小时候,它的树枝便是我最好的椅背,倚着它,我读完了《人猿泰山》,幻想着自己有一天也能生活在森林里。
②山毛榉树是我最好的玩伴,我常常在树上一待就是几个小时。
我每天都会轻唤着它的名字,把自己的一些小秘密说给它听。
夏日午后,当微风穿过枝丫,我仿佛听到了它的呢喃低语。
A叶儿轻轻摆着,边歌边舞,那是它为我精心设计的演出。
刮大风的时候,我搂紧它的臂膀,随它一起在风中摇晃。
③每当我徘徊在一棵大树下时,我总是惊叹于树里隐藏了多少岁月的故事,那展臂迎风的树枝经受了多少载的风雨,还有那多到无法数清的树叶,有多少歌儿要吟唱。
我们所能看到的地面上的部分,只是树的一部分,在那深不可及的地下,埋藏着它最深沉的心事和渴望。
B也许是与树接触久了,我似乎读懂了树的语言,理解了与人类密不可分的另一个世界。
④“幸存者”是一棵在“9〃11”恐怖袭击事件中幸存的豆梨树。
20世纪70年代起,它就被栽植在世贸中心5号楼附近,年年用绽放的白色小花,为水泥世界里的人们送来春的讯息。
与同伴一样,它也被埋在了倒塌的双子塔下。
⑤一个月后,清理残骸的工人发现了它。
彼时,树已经被“肢解”——水泥碎块砸得它“身首异处”,剩下的树干被烧焦,树根严重受损。
人们把它送入纽约公园的苗圃。
⑥苗圃的管理人员告诉我,第一次看见这棵断头树时,他觉得根本不可能有任何方法让这棵树起死回生,他没想到去掉表层烧焦部分的“幸存者”,竟在苗圃的优质土壤里生根了。
⑦“幸存者”注定拥有不平凡的生命。
2010年春天,一场可怕的风暴以每小时160公里的速度席卷了“幸存者”所在的区域。
风暴过后,“幸存者”已有部分树根裸露在外,苗圃管理人员给“幸存者”又做了一次大手术。
⑧起初他们不敢有太大的动作,只是把树枝抬起来一些,让树干跟地面依然保持一定角度。
在根部堆上覆盖物和肥料。
他们甚至不敢直接给树浇水,而是每天轻轻为它洒水。
几周后,“幸存者”再一次起死回生。
⑨2010年12月,“幸存者”被移回发现它的地方。
“9〃11”纪念馆的设计负责人说最初一些人反对将“幸存者”移回来,认为原址上种满了新树,而“幸存者”作为唯一的豆梨树,会破坏园林景观的对称性。
事实上,作为世贸中心遗址上唯一幸存的生命,人们纷纷来与它合影,将象征着感恩、鼓励、关爱的蓝丝带系在它的树枝上。
⑩四月的一个清冷的早晨,金色的阳光包围在它的四周,我看到的是一位戴着光环的精神领袖。
站在为保护它而设立的护栏外,眼泪模糊了我的视线。
它的花期已过,枝头略显寂寥。
但就在我站了很久,准备离去时,惊喜出现了:我突然看见三朵小小的白花挤在一起,藏在枝叶深处。
它仿佛在告诉人们:“不要伤感,只要还有希望,哪怕受尽伤害,哪怕春已远离。
”13.文章①②两段详细写了山毛榉树,而全文的主角却是“幸存者”。
请结合全文,从内容和结构两方面,简述第①②段的作用。
(4分)14.品析文中画线的句子。
(5分)(1)请结合第②段品析A句。
(3分)叶儿轻轻摆着,边歌边舞,那是它为我精心设计的演出。
(2)请结合全文内容说说第③段B句中“树的语言”具体指什么?请用原文句子回答。
(2分)15.通读全文,谈谈你对标题“断头树也有春天”含义的理解。
(4分)16.请结合本文和链接,以“生命的不平凡”为主题写一段话。
(不少于80字)(6分)链接:生命中不是永远快乐,也不是永远痛苦,快乐和痛苦是相生相成的……“愿你生命中有够多的云翳,来造成一个美丽的黄昏”。
——冰心《谈生命》大自然每一次剧烈的运动,总要破坏和毁灭一些什么,但也总有一些顽强的生命,不会屈服,绝不屈服啊!——张抗抗《地下森林断想》(二)(2016模拟卷)阅读《笑对失败》,完成14~16题。
(12分)笑对失败人生中有成功就有失败。
失败是一道菜,一道难以下咽的苦菜,但你要把它吃下去。
当苦苦追求的事业屡受挫折,你便知道了人间的苦涩。
你徘徊,你失落,甚至想放弃,但你也会意识到许多事由不得你,失败不过是酸甜苦辣的人生中的一碟小菜。
笑对失败,你会收获别样的人生。
凡是真正的成功,往往源于失败的教训。
迈克尔〃乔丹,NBA的神。
他曾率领公牛队六次夺取总冠军,个人五次独揽MVP。
但他在上大学时,因身体瘦小而没有被选入校队。
他并没有自暴自弃。
两年的刻苦练习使他技术娴熟,在球场上所向披靡。
有的球员曾说:“有人问我为什么不阻止迈克尔。
你还想让我怎样?把手伸到他的脸上?”这句话充分说明了乔丹的球技高超。
如果当年乔丹因为失败而放弃,我想昔日的公牛队也不会有这么好的战绩。
失败是人生的熔炉。
它可以把人烤死,也可以把人变得坚强自信。
越国被吴国打败之后,越王勾践并没有像项羽那样自刎,而是忍受屈辱,卧薪尝胆。
他并没有气馁,他一直在等待报复的时机,终于打败了吴国。
如果越王在败军之际自杀了,天下也将是另一个样子。
是越王坚强,自信的心态促使他撑到了最后。
面对失败时的心态尤为重要。
若是你不战自败,那你就彻底陷入失败的沼泽中了。
此时,你输给的不是别人,而是自己。
世界著名的发明家爱迪生,一生发明无数。
他就是一个笑对失败的人。
一天夜里,他的实验室着火了,熊熊的烈火燃尽了他大半生的发明与实验记录,这可是爱迪生长期以来工作的成果呀!要是别人早就跳楼去了。
当朋友安慰他时,他却说:“这下好了,我的错误已经被这场大火烧光了。
接下来只需要从头来过了。
”你一定会认为爱迪生的心态超人的乐观。
不错,正是这笑对失败的精神使爱迪生逐渐走向成功。
试想一下,如果当时他因心痛不已而自暴自弃,还会有今天的电灯吗?雨打梨花,飘零落地,但落花不会因为你的多愁善感而重上枝头;滔滔江水,一往无前,但江水不会因为你的心痛不已而停止流动。
失败是一道靓丽的风景线,是经受夭折的玫瑰。
遭受台风的花园虽然使人无奈,但它却有无限的幽香。
失败是成功路上的小BOSS,战胜它总能积累一些经验值……就算有一天,你失败得一塌糊涂。
请你记住:胜败乃兵家常事,大侠请重新来过!14.文章的中心论点是什么?(3分)15.文章从哪些方面阐述中心论点?请加以概括。
(6分)16.下面对文章的理解不正确的一项是:()(3分)A.“失败是一道菜,一道难以下咽的苦菜。
”在文中的意思是说你当苦苦追求的事业屡受挫折,你便知道了人间的苦涩。
B.“这下好了,我的错误已经被这场大火烧光了。
接下来只需要从头来过了。
”是在表明爱迪生超人的乐观心态。
C.“雨打梨花,飘零落地”运用拟人,形象说明“失败是成功之母”的道理。
D.全文主要运用事实论证的方法,阐明中心论点。
(三)阅读下面摘自报纸和网络的资料片段,完成17~20题。
(10分)材料一:【热点透视】2016年8月3日,国家旅游局发布的通报指出,武夷山景区存在交通管理混乱,“野导游”现象严重,竹筏漂流项目存在变相强迫消费、庸俗讲解、“厕所革命”滞后等四大方面问题,限期6个月内整改到位。
接到整改通报后,武夷山市委市政府立即启动了整改工作。
经过集中整改,全市旅游秩序大有好转。
国庆期间,武夷山景区再次迎来旅游“人财两旺”的景象,日均接待游客近1.5万人次,这也坚定了酒店行业做好武夷山旅游市场的信心,多家高端酒店纷纷入驻,幔悦〃精选度假酒店看好武夷山市场,决定落地武夷山。
但在记者的探访体验中,还是发现了一些不足。
如,武夷山景区内部的标识、标牌格式,还没有完全统一,有的同时存在中、英、日三种文字,有的则只有中、英两种文字。
一些游客也反映,部分标牌的指示功能不完善,一些位于主干道上的分叉路口,甚至没有设置相应的标牌。
(引自《闽北日报》)材料二:【网友漫议】2016年8月3日,国家旅游局公布了严重不达标的五家5A级景区,其中福建省武夷山景区被严重警告:“野导游”现象严重,当地“村民野导”带着游客绕路逃票的情况多发,“野导”从中牟取利益。
对此,网友“东风压倒西风”评论说:要依法严厉打击“野导游”行为。
网友“春江花月夜”跟帖说:靠山吃山、靠水吃水,野导游也不容易,得饶人处且饶人。
(引自“央视网”“澎湃新闻”)材料三:【媒体访谈】此前,武夷山分管旅游副市长张贤军接受央视记者采访时介绍,目前武夷山景区开放给游客游玩的区域大约有70平方公里,但是景区目前只配备了15名监察人员,而“野导游”也正是利用管理监管人员较少的情况钻了空子。
武夷山景区投诉举报中心工作人员对澎湃新闻表示,由于景区没有执法权,“野导游”的问题景区主要配合旅游局来解决,建议游客不要贪小便宜相信那些野导,要到正规窗口购票,以免上当受骗,甚至到时候权益受损都没地方讨说法。
面对记者的采访,武夷山市旅游局局长邓立俊表示,首先,我们要依据2013年10月起施行的《旅游法》保障旅游从业者的合法权益。
同时,加强对72条进景区通道进行全面监控,对“野导游”带客逃票的重点线路增派专人值守,加强电子监控,并提示游客不要接受路边人员提供的旅游服务等。
(引自《闽北日报》《澎湃新闻》)17.阅读上述材料,下列说法与原材料不符的一项是:()(3分)A.接到国家旅游局整改通报后,武夷山市委市政府立即启动了整改工作。
B.由于景区没有执法权,“野导游”的问题景区无可奈何,根本没法解决。
C.经过整治后,武夷山旅游秩序大有好转,幔悦·精选度假酒店入驻武夷山就是证明。
D.经过集中整改后,武夷山景区尚存一些管理上的不足。
18.阅读上述材料,概括武夷山“野导游”产生的原因。
(3分)19. 阅读上述材料,请你针对网友“春江花月夜”的错误言论予以反驳。
(2分)20. 阅读材料三,从邓立俊局长的回答中,可推断出记者提出的问题是什么?(2分)参考答案:阅读《断头树也有春天》一文,完成13—16题(19分)13.(4分)要点与评分:按要点得分,大意相同即可得分。
参考答案:内容上:①②两段写我小时候和树的亲密关系(1分)。
正因为如此,作者才能“惊叹”于树里隐藏的故事,才能“读懂”树的语言,才能“理解”树的世界(1分)。
结构上:为下文重点写豆梨树做铺垫,埋下伏笔(1分)。
正因为有与山毛榉树的亲密接触,才读懂了树的语言,理解了豆梨树的世界。
(1分)14.品析文中画线的句子。
(5分)(1)(3分)要点与评分:答出修辞手法得1分,结合文章内容,言之成理2分。
参考答案:这句运用了拟人的修辞手法(1分),生动形象地表达出树和我的亲密关系(2分)。
(2)(2分)要点与评分:正确书写得满分,两个错别字扣1分,超过两个错别字不给分。
答案:不要伤感,只要还有希望,哪怕受尽伤害,哪怕春已远离。
15.(4分)要点与评分:答出“本义”2分,“引申义”2分。
参考要点:(1)第一层本义:断头树两度起死回生,终于迎来春天。
(2分)(2)第二层引申义:断头树顽强的生命意志使它上升为“一位戴着光环的精神领袖”,成为人们传达感恩、鼓励、关爱的象征。