2018松江区高三英语一模卷答案

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2018届上海市各区高三英语一模试题汇编：阅读理解C篇(带答案已经校对)

Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)Crude awakeningA battle between two energy exchanges[1] OPEN-OUTCRY trading is supposed to be an odd, outdated practice, rapidly being replaced by sleeker, cheaper electronic systems. Try telling that to the New York Mercantile Exchange (NYMEX), the world’s largest commodities exchange. On November 1st the NYMEX opened an open-outcry pit(公开叫价交易厅）in Dublin to handle Brent crude futures（布伦特原油期货）, the benchmark（基准）contract for pricing two-thirds of the world’s oil.[2] The NYMEX is trying to grab liquidity from London’s International Petroleum Exchange (IPE), which trades the most Brent contracts; the New York exchange has so far concentrated on West Texas Intermediate, an American bench mark grade. The new pit is a response to the IPE’s efforts to modernise. On the same day as NYMEX traders started shouting Brent prices in Dublin, the IPE did away with its morning open-outcry session: now such trades must be electronic, or done in the pit after lunch.[3] The New York exchange claims that customers, such as hedge funds (对冲基金) or energy companies, prefer open-outcry because it allows for more liquidity. Although most other exchanges are heading in the opposite direction, in commodity markets such as the NYMEX, pressure from “locals”--self-employed traders--is helping to support open-outcry, although some think that customers pay up to five times as much as with electronic systems. Even the IPE has no plans to close its floor. Only last month it signed a rental agreement, lasting until 2017, for its trading floor in London.[4] Dublin’s new pit is “showing promise”, says Rob Laughlin, a trader with Man Financial, despite a few technical glitches. On its first day it handled 5,726 lots of Brent (each lot, or contract, is 1,000 barrels), over a third of the volume in the IPE’s new morning electronic session. By the year’s end, predicts Mr Laughlin, it should be clear whether the venture will be feasible. Itwould stand a better chance if it moved to London. It may yet: it started in Ireland because regulatory approval could be obtained faster there than in Britain.[5] In the long run having both exchanges offering similar contracts will be unsustainable (不可持续的). Stealing liquidity from an established market leader, as the NYMEX is trying to do, is a hard task. Eurex, Europe’s largest futures exchange, set up shop in Chicago this year, intending to grab American Treasury-bond contracts from the Chicago Board of Trade. It has made little progress. And the NYMEX has tried to get Brent contracts before, without success.[6] Given the importance of liquidity in exchanges, why do the IPE and the NYMEX not work together? There have been talks about cooperation before, and something might yet happen. Some say that the freewheeling NYMEX and the more serious IPE could never mix. For now, in any case, the two exchanges will compete until one has won --across the Irish Sea as well as across the Atlantic.63. According to the text, the NYMEX and IPE are __________.A. both using open outcry trading as a major trading formB. partners that benefit each other in their business activitiesC. rivals that are competing in the oil trading marketD. both taking efforts to modernize their trading practice64. The word “glitches” in Line 2, Paragraph 4 most probably means __________.A. backwardnessB. disappointmentsC. engineersD. problems65. From Paragraph 4 we can infer that __________.A. trading volume in the IPE’s new morning electronic session is fallingB. London is a better business location for energy exchanges than DublinC. Britain’s regulators are less efficient than those of IrelandD. the Dublin pit of the NYMEX will be more prosperous next year66. We can draw a conclusion from the text that __________.A. it’s very unlikely that the NYMEX and the IPE could combine their businessesB. the NYMEX will fail in Ireland as many precedents have shownC. the two energy exchanges will figure out a way to cooperate with each otherD. the market environment for both energy exchanges is getting betterKeys:63-66: C D B ASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.( C )①Australians have long been known for having a relaxed and casual attitude to life. According to Dr Tanya King, senior lecturer from Victoria’s Deakin University, “It’s Australians’ egalitarianism, sense of humor and informal language that are most commonly mentioned as examples of this attitude”.②Egalitarianism roots in the way that the nation was built. In Australia’s founding era in the late 1700s, criminal settlers were often cruelly treated and robbed of their basic human rights by governors. The criminal class, who were mostly working-class Brits and Irish, was unable to seek civic positions that were reserved for immigrants who were not the criminal, with the latter arguing that if criminals gained equal rights it would be ‘rewarding criminality’. Bec ause of this, an egalitarian spirit was worn as a symbol of honor by many criminal settlers. They may not have had power, education or wealth, but they had a shared belief in equality.③The informal way Australians use language is also believed to root in criminal times. Philologist Sidney Baker once wrote that ‘no other class would have a better talent for creating new terms to fit in with their new conditions in life’. Cockney rhyming slang brought over by the British working class was abbreviated even further –so ‘have a Captains Cook’ (have a look), became ‘ava captains’. This same practice was used to economize ordinary clauses. Words like ‘good day’ became ‘g’day’, and barbecue was ‘barbie’.④The tough conditions of settler times also played a part in Australians’ dry, self-criticizing and sarcastic（讽刺的）sense of humor. While in many countries it’s considered poor taste to find humor in difficult circumstances, Australians tend to look at the lighter side. On one road trip, as I hit the state line and entered Victoria, I drove past some blackened trees, the leftovers of a recent bushfire. A road sign warning drivers about wildlife was half-melted and bent, but the shape of a hopping kangaroo was still distinct. Behind the figure, someone had drawn flames making it look asthough the animal’s tail was on fire. I couldn’t help but laugh – it was a brilliant reminder of the country’s ‘nothing upsets us’ and anti-authoritarian attitude.⑤And one thing you can’t help but notice when driving around Australia is the country’s plentiful amounts of space. This, along with considerable leisure time plus favorable climate, all contribute to Australians’ relaxed attitude.63. The underlined word “egalitarianism” is closest to __________ in meaning.A. criminalityB. crueltyC. equalityernmentalism64. Which of the following is a feature of the way Australians use language?A. They use more slangs than other people.B. They give new meanings to existent words.C. They favour shortened forms of expressions.D. They coin terms in memory of criminal times.65. What can be inferred from paragraph 4?A. Kangaroos’ living condition s are getting tougher.B. Forest fires threaten Australian s’ life to a great extent.C. Potential danger is here and there on the roads in Victoria.D. Australians’ jokes may not be as careless as they seem on the surface.66. The passage mainly talks about __________.A. how the late 1700s impacted AustraliaB. why Australians enjoy casual life so muchC. what cont ributes to Australians’ relaxed lifestyleD. how Australians present their attitude towards lifeKeys: 63-66 CCABSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)Dental health: Brush with confidenceChildren should be taught to brush their teeth regularly. But the suspicion remains among some people, dentists included, that even so, certain children are doomed to develop dental cavities. The hypothesis behind this fear is that some combinations of genes may give rise to the sorts of oral bacteria which are responsible for cavities. If true, that would be sad for the youngsters concerned. But a study just published in Cell Host and Microbe, by Andres Gomez and Karen Nelson of the J. Craig Venter Institute, in San Diego, suggests it isn’t true.The mouth is home to many species of microbes. Most are good. Some, though, are well known to secrete acidic waste products when fed sugar. This acidity weakens teeth, causing them to decay.To try to fin d out whether a child’s genes play any role in encouraging such acid-secreting bugs, Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson set up an experiment with twins.Their“volunteers”were 280 pairs of fraternal twins and 205 pairs o f identical twins, all aged between five and 11, who had not taken antibiotics during the previous six months. The children were asked to stop brushing their teeth the evening and the morning before the crucial moment of data collection. This was when the researchers swabbed the children’s gingival sulci（the clefts between teeth and gums, in which bacteria collect）to find out what was there. The children also had their teeth scored by dentists as belonging to one of three categories: having no signs of current or previous dental cavities: having signs of current or previous cavities affecting the enamel（a tooth’s hard, outer layer）; or having signs of cavities that penetrated the enamel and affected the underlying dentine as well.Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson found that, though identical twins shared many groups of bacteria which were not shared by fraternal twins, none of these was a type responsible for cavities. Moreover, similarities in bacterial flora were greatest among five-to seven-year-olds, weaker among seven- to nine-year-olds and weakest among nine-to 11-year-olds. This suggests that any role genes do play in regulating the mouth’s ecology fades with time.Far from supporting the idea that some children are fated to suffer from cavities no matter how well they brush their teeth, these results make it clear that the power to control the growth of the relevant bacteria is very much within reach of children and their parents. Brushing, however, may not be the onlyapproach. Avoiding sugary foods is obviously de rigueur. It seems likely, though, that which other foods a child eats may help shape his oral ecosystem, too. This is an area of ongoing research. But, as in the intestines（肠道）, so in the mouth, scientific medicine is at last coming to grips with the fact that the mixture of microbes present is both important and capable of manipulation, to the benefit of the host.63. What doe s“hypothesis”refer to in paragraph 1?A. Children’s failure to brush their teeth properly leads to tooth decay.B. Some children are programmed to develop tooth decay.C. Youngsters are suspicious of the effectiveness of tooth-brushing.D. Some genes are more likely to lead to dental cavities.64. Dr Gomez and Dr Nelson conducted an experiment to find out .A. whether genes have anything to do with dental decayB. which group of twins are more likely to have decayed teethC. what kinds of foods tend to give rise to tooth decayD. why the ecosystem of the intestines is similar to that of the mouth65. Which of the following statements is UNTRUE according to the passage?A. Scientists are not yet sure how ecosystem of the mouth is formed.B. The role genes play in controlling ecosystem of the mouth weakens with the time.C. The children are classified into three groups according to the degrees of dental cavities.D. Identical twins are not as genetically close to each other as fraternal twins.66. What can we learn from the last paragraph?A. The existence of multiple microbes benefits children’s oral ecosystem.B. What a child eats enhances the healthfulness of a child’s oral ecosystem.C. Cutting down on sugar intake is the most likely way to prevent tooth decay.D. Parents are in no position to help their children maintain healthy oral ecosystem.Keys: 60-62 DCBSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.( C )Many United States companies have made the search for legal protection from import competition into a major line of work. Since 1980, the United States International Trade Commission (ITC) has received about 280 complaints alleging damage from imports that benefit from subsidies(补贴) by foreign governments. Another 340 charge that foreign companies “dumped”their products in the United States at “less than fair value.”Even when no unfair practices are claimed, the simple claim that an industry has been injured by imports is sufficient grounds to seek relief(救济).Contrary to the general impression, this request for import relief has hurt more companies than it has helped. As corporations begin to function globally, they develop a complicated web of marketing, production, and research relationships. The complexity of these relationships makes it unlikely that a system of import relief laws will meet the strategic needs of all the units under the same parent company. Internationalization increases the danger that foreign companies will use import relief laws against the very companies the laws were designed to protect. Suppose a United States-owned company establishes an overseas plant to manufacture a product while its competitor makes the same product in the United States. If the competitor can prove injury from the imports—and that the United States company received a subsidy from a foreign government to build its plant abroad—the United States company’s products will be uncompetitive in the United States, since they would be subject to duties.Perhaps the most shameful case occurred when the ITC investigated allegations(控诉) that Canadian companies were injuring the United States salt industry by dumping rock salt, used to deice roads. The bizarre aspect of the complaint was that a foreign conglomerate（联合企业）with United States operations was crying for help against a United States company with foreign operations. The “United States”company claiming injury was a unit of a Dutch conglomerate, while the “Canadian”companies included a unit of a Chicago firm that was the second-largest domestic producer of rock salt.63.The passage is chiefly concerned with_______________.A. arguing against the increased internationalization of US corporations.B. warning that the application of laws affecting trade frequently has unintended consequences.C. recommending a uniform method for handling claims of unfair trade practices.D. advocating the use of trade restrictions for "dumped" products but not for other imports.64.What can be inferred about the minimal basis for a complaint to the ITC ____________.A. A foreign competitor is selling products in the US at less than fair market value.B. A foreign competitor has greatly increased the volume of products shipped to the US.C. The company requesting import relief has been banned from exporting products.D. The company requesting import relief has been injured by the sale of imports in the US.65.What is the function of the last paragraph?A. It summarizes the discussion and suggests additional areas for research.B. It makes a recommendation based on the evidence presented earlier.C. It uses a specific case to illustrate a problem in the previous paragraph.D. It introduces an additional area of concern not mentioned earlier.66.Which of the following is most likely to be true of US trade laws?A. They will eliminate the practice of "dumping" products in the US.B. Those applied to international companies will help to gain more profits.C. They will affect US trade with Canada more negatively than trade with other nations.D. Those helping one unit within a parent company won’t necessarily help other units. Keys:63-66 BDCDSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)More than five million different kinds of organisms(生物体) live on the Earth. For thousands of years, humans have searched for ways to organize this diversity(多样性). In the eighteenthcentury, a Swedish professor, physician, and naturalist named Carolus Linnaeus developed the system of naming and classifying organisms that we use today.Linnaeus contributed to the modern classification of organisms in two ways. He first developed a convention for naming life forms.Before Linnaeus came up with a standardized system of naming, there were often many names for a single species, and these names tended to be long and confusing. Linnaeus decided that all species names should be in Latin and should have two parts, one indicating the genus(plural: genera), a group that includes similar species and one indicating the specific name of the species. When written alone, the specific name is meaningless since many different species in different genera have the same specific name. The specific name familiaris, for example, is commonly used to describe species. Therefore, when used by itself, it would not describe any one organism. When the genus is also given, however, as in Canis familiaris, we know that the name refers to a specific organism: the domestic dog.Linnaeus was also the originator of modern taxonomy, a system of classifying nature based on hierarchical(分层的) groupings. Linnaeus first grouped life forms into three broad groups, called kingdoms. These kingdoms were animals, plants, and minerals. He divided each of these kingdoms into classes, classes into orders, orders into genera (genus is singular) and then genera into species, grouping organisms according to shared physical characteristics.Although modern taxonomists still use the hierarchical structure of Linnaeus’s classification system as well as his method of grouping organisms according to observable similarities, they have added hierarchical levels and significantly changed Linnaeus’s original groupin gs. The broadest level of life is now a domain. All living things fit into only three domains. Within each of these domains there are kingdoms. Each kingdom contains phyla (singular is phylum), followed by class, order, family, genus, and species.In addition to the Linnaean kingdoms of plants and animals, biologists recognize prokaryotes, protists, and fungi as separate kingdoms. The prokaryotes are the oldest and most abundant group of organisms. They are also the smallest cellular organisms. Common bacteria, which have been known to survive in many environments that support no other form of life, fall into this category. The protist kingdom is made up of a variety of single-celled or simple multicellular organisms. Protists do not have much in common. They are, essentially, those organisms which do not fit into any other kingdom. Fungi compose a third kingdom. Like plants, the cells of fungi have cell walls,giving them a tube-like structure. However, fungi do not produce their own carbon as plants do. Rather, they acquire nutrients by absorbing and digesting carbon produced by other organisms. Yeasts and mushrooms are examples of fungi.63. The writer gives the scientific name of the domestic dog in paragraph 3 in order to__________.A. demonstrate Linna eus’s method of classificationB. introduce the need for a better system of naming organismsC. criticize the complexity of Linnaeus’s naming systemD. illustrate the necessity of including two parts when naming organism64. Which of the following can be learned from the passage?A. The hierarchical structure of Linnaeus’s system for classifying is no longer in use.B. Linnaeus’s original system of classification consisted of 3 domains.C. Linnaeus’s original system of classification is used today with lit tle modifications.D. Modern taxonomists have added categories and regrouped organisms.65. Which of the following is TRUE about protists?A. They do not share the characteristics of any of the other four kingdoms.B. They are grouped together based on similar characteristics.C. They are limited to single-cell organisms.D. They acquire nutrients by eating other organisms.66. Which of the following might be the best title of the passage?A. The Father of Modern TaxonomyB. Classifying OrganismsC. Development in Life FormsD. Linnaeus’s Classification SystemKEYS: 63-66 DDABSection BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or Unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)One of the main challenges facing many countries is how to maintain their identity in the face of globalization and the growing multi-language trend. "One of the main reasons for economic failure in many African countries is the fact that, with a few important exceptions, mother-tongue education is not practiced in any of the independent African states." said Nellie Alexander, Director of the Project for the Study of Alternative education in South Africa at the University of Cape Town.In response to the spread of English and the increased multi-language trends arising from immigration, many countries have introduced language laws in the laws in the last decade. In some, the use of languages other than the national language is banned in public spaces such as advertising posters. One of the first such legal provisions was the 1994 "Toubon Law" in France, but the idea has been copied in man y countries since then. Such efforts to govern language use are often dismissed as futile by language experts, who are well aware of the difficultly in controlling fashions in speech and know from research that language switching among bilinguals is a natural process.It is especially difficult for native speakers of English to understand the desire to maintain the “purity” of a language by law. Since the time of Shakespeare, English has continually absorbed foreign words into its own language. English is one of the most mixed and rapidly changing languages in the world, but there has not been a barrier to acquiring prestige and power. Another reason for the failure of many native English speakers to understand the role of state regulation is that it has never been the Anglo-Saxon way of doing things. English has never had a state-controlled authority for the language, similar, for example, to the Academic Francaise in France.The need to protect national languages is, for most western Europeans, a recent phenomenon—especially the need to ensure that English does not unnecessary take over too many fields. Public communication, education and new modes of communication promoted by technology, may be key fields lo defend.63. Neville Alexander believes that?A. mother-tongue education is not practiced in all African countriesB. globalization has resulted in the economic failure of AfricaC. globalization has led to the rise of multi-language trendsD. lack of mother-tongue education can lead to economic failure64. The underlined word “futile” (i n paragraph 2) most probably means “”.A. workableB. practicalC. uselessD. unnecessary65. Why do many English-speaking countries not support the language protection effortsdescribed in the passage?A. They think language protection laws are ineffective.B. They want their language to spread to other countries.C. They have a long history of taking words from other languages.D. It reduces a language's ability to acquire international importance66. What can we infer from the last paragraph?A. English has taken over fields like public communication and educationB. Many sheets of national culture are threatened by the spread of English.C. Most language experts believe it is important to promote a national language.D. Europeans have long realized the need to protect their national languages.KEYS: 63-66 D C C BSection BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(C)With the coming of big data age, data science is supposed to be starved for, of which the adaption can point a profound change in corporate competitiveness. Companies, both born in the digital era and traditional world are showing off their skills in data science. Therefore, it seems to have been creating a great demand for the experts of this type.Mr Carlos Guestrin, machine learning professor from University of Washington argues that all software applications will need in built intelligence within five years, making data scientists-people trained to analyze large bodies of information-key workers in this emerging “cognitive” technology economy. There are already critical applications that depend on machine learning, a subfield of data science, led by recommendation programs, fraud detection systems, forecasting tools and applications for predicting customer behavior.Many companies that are born digital-particularly internet companies that have a great number of real-time customer interactions to handle-are all-in when it comes to data science. Pinterest, for instance, maintains more than 100 machine learning models that could be applied to different classes of problems, and it constantly fields requests from managers eager to use this resource to deal with their business problem.The factors weighing on many traditional companies will be the high cost of mounting a serious machine-learning operation. Netflix is estimated to spend $ 150m a year on a single application and the total bill is probably four times that once all its uses of the technology are taken into account.Another problem for many non-technology companies is talent. Of the computer science experts who use Kaggle, only about 1,000 have deep learning skills, compared to 100,000 who can apply other machine learning techniques, says Mr Goldbloom. He adds that even some big companies of this type are often reluctant to expand their pay scales to hire the top talent in this field.The biggest barrier to adapting to the coming era of “smart” applications, however, is likely to be cultural. Some companies, such as General Electric, have been building their own Silicon Valley presence to attract and develop the digital skills they will need. Despite the obstacles, some may master this difficult transition. But companies that were built, from the beginning, with data science at their center, are likely to represent serious competition.63. Which one is obstacle for many traditional companies to popularize learning operation?A. Technological problemB. Expert crisisC. High costD. Customer interactions64. What can not be interred from the passage about the machine learning?A.Machine learning operations are costly in Netflix.B.Machine learning plays an important role in existent applications.。

2018届上海市松江区高三上学期期末质量监控英语试卷

2018届上海市松江区高三上学期期末质量监控英语试卷（满分140分，完卷时间120分钟） 2017.12 I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10分）Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a concert. B. In a restaurant.C. In a flower shop.D. In a supermarket.2. A. 15. B. 50. C. 85. D. 100.3. A. Excited. B. Interested. C. Entertained. D. Disappointed.4. A. Because her boss will return her the money after seeing the receipt.B. Because her boss asks her to buy a lot of things.C. Because she wants to establish a standard procedure in her company.D. Because she wants to check everything she has bought.5. A. Go on with the chat. B. Review his lessons.C. Connect with his friends.D. Talk with his friends face to face.6. A. He is always in a good mood. B. He has spent more money than expected.C. He is good at playing the piano.D. He’s pleased with his purchase.7. A. Mr. White’s new appointment. B. Mr. White’s vacation.C. An important vacant position.D. How to apply for a job.8. A. Her shoes will be in stock next month.B. She is longing for the shoes that are currently unavailable.C. She is unwilling to wait for a long time.D. She can’t bear waiting.9. A. Policeman and car driver. B. Librarian and student.C. Doctor and patient.D. Post clerk and customer.10. A. John will deliver a presentation tomorrow about a new electronic device.B. The clients are very nervous about the quality of the new car.C. Tracy’s presentation is about a type of new electric car.D. Tracy is nervous because this electric car hasn’t received positive feedback before. Section B （15分）Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following news.11. A. Because man makes us of only 20% of the brain’s capacity.B. Because the other 80% of man’s brain w ill grow in due time.C. Because man’ brain has grown larger over the past centuries.D. Because man will use his brain more and more as time goes on.12. A. He thinks and feels in different ways.B. He has smaller eyes and wears better glasses.C. He has no hair because it is no longer useful.D. His fingers grow weaker because he doesn’t use them.13. A. M an’s life will be different in the future.B. Future man will look different from us.C. Man is growing taller and uglier as time goes by.D. The func tions of man’s organs will function as well as today.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Reading magazine articles. B. Preparing book reports.C. Writing research papers.D. Selecting information sources.15. A. Gathering nonrelevant information. B. Stealing another person’s ideas.C. Sharing notes with someone else.D. Handing in assignments late.16. A. In the student’s own words. B. In direct quotations.C. In short phrases.D. In shorthand.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Checking the room. B. Arranging a large conference.C. Running a hotel.D. Handling a complaint.18. A. There is no lavatory paper. B. The toilet doesn’t flush properly.C. The water doesn’t run away in the shower.D. There is no pillow in the room.19. A. Busy. B. Unhappy.C. Excited.D. Hot.20. A. Adjust the regulator. B. fix the toilet and shower.C. Send the lavatory paper.D. Send a cake and fruit.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A （10分）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.One of my (21) ________ (memorable) vacations took place on a farm.When I was a boy, my parents and I traveled from New York City to the Pennsylvania countryside for a weeklong taste of rural life. We stayed in a guesthouse on a farm, (22) ________ (join) in the daily routines and eating meals with the farmer and his family. We got up early to see the cows as they (23) ________ (milk). I even tried my hand at milking one, and then joined the farmer as he released the cows into the field afterward.Decades later I still have vivid memories of that trip and of experiencing a lifestyle so different (24) ________ my own. It made me realize the value of a vacation.To this day, I wonder (25) ________ that farmer ever managed to enjoy a vacation of his own. There is never a day when the animals don’t need to be fed. But I still think of that family trip when I plan my approach to taking time off with my wife and kids. Vacations are a time for resting and connecting. As a bank manager, I spend much of my workday encouraging my customers to save their money. One of the reasons I give is that we should all have enough for a familyvacation every year. In our busy lives, family is what we (26) ________ be saving our money and time for.For my family, our vacation starts when we begin planning the trip. We talk about destinations and our budget ahead of time. Among the things we discuss: Can we save money by renting a house instead of spending six nights in a hotel? Would it be better (27) ________ (buy) groceries and cook for ourselves rather than eat out every night?(28) ________ (involve) the kids in planning the vacation makes sure that they have a great vacation too. I prefer to visit historical sites and museums while they love to fish and swim. So I build in some relaxation time for us all (29) ________ ________ the vacation can work for everyone.Each year, setting aside vacation time to spend together is especially important to us. This is the one week a year I don’t care whether my kids clean their room or do the dishes. (30) ________ matters that week is that everyone is having a great time.Section B （10分）Directions: Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.The human face is a remarkable piece of work. The astonishing variety of facial 31 helps people recognize each other and is crucial to the formation of complex societies. So is the face’s ability to send emotional 32 , whether through a(n) 33 blush or a false smile. People spend much of their waking lives, in the office and the courtroom as well as the bar and the bedroom, reading faces, for signs of attraction, hostility and trust.Technology is rapidly catching up with the human ability to read faces. In America facial recognition is used by churches to 34 worshippers’ attendance; in Britain, by retailers to spot past shoplifters. This year Welsh police used it to arrest a(n) 35 outside a football game. In China it verifies the identities of ride-hailing drivers, 36 tourists to enterattractions and lets people pay for things with a smile. Apple’s new iPhone is expected to useit to 37 the homescreen.Set against human skills, such applications might seem gradual. Some breakthroughs, such as flight or the Internet, obviously transform human abilities; facial recognition seems merely to encode them. Although faces are 38 to individuals, they are also public, so technology does not, at first sight, intrude on something that is private. And yet the ability to record, 39 and analyze images of faces cheaply, quickly and on a vast 40 promises one day to bring about fundamental changes to notions of privacy, fairness and trust.III. Reading ComprehensionSection A （15分）Directions: For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The notion of building brand personality is promoted by Starbucks as a part of company cultureto embed meaning in their products and thus attract more customers.Starbucks literally changed the definition of “a good cup of coffee”. For Starbucks, theOutstanding store personnel were employed and trained in coffee knowledge and 43 service. Store design, atmosphere and aroma (浓香) all 44 the “Starbucks Experience”.Almost all Starbucks stores were corporately owned and controlled. Starbucks prided itself on the “Starbucks Experience”, 45 coffee to provide a unique experience for its customers.46 those traditional coffee houses providing you with the grab-and-go service, Starbucks provides you with more than coffee. You get great people, first-rate music, a comfortable and upbeat meeting place, and 47 advice on brewing excellent coffee at home. At home you’re part of a family. At work you’re part of a compan y. And somewhere in between is a place where you can sit back and be yourself. That’s what a Starbucks store has been 48 to creating for its customers —a kind of “third place” where they can 49 , reflect, read, chat or listen.The green Starbucks logo is a mermaid that looks like the end of the double image of the sea.It was designed by Terry Heckler, who got the 50 from the wooden statue of the sea. Mermaid logo also 51 original and modern meanings: her face is very simple, but with modern abstract forms of packaging; the middle is black and white, the only color on the outside surrounded by a circle.Starbucks makes the typical American culture gradually broken down into elements of 52 : the visual warmth, hearing the way, smelling the aroma of coffee and so on. Just think, through the huge glass windows, watching the crowded streets, 53 sipping a coffee flavor, which is in line with the “Yapi”, the feeling of experience in the 54 life.But the 55 of Starbuck s is not about the coffee, although it’s great coffee. Coffee is only a carrier. Coffee consumption, to a great extent, is an emotional and cultural level of consumption.41.A. people B. managers C. customers D. clients42.A. assured B. promised C. ensured D. predicted43.A. emergency B. environment C. employment D. customer44.A. consisted of B. benefited from C. contributed to D. headed for45.A. going beyond B. coming across C. making up D. depending on46.A. With regard to B. In addition to C. Compared with D. In terms of47.A. general B. reasonable C. legal D. fascinating48.A. committed B. alerted C. subjected D. required49.A. negotiate B. perform C. conceal D. escape50.A. imagination B. inspiration C. patent D. philosophy51.A. creates B. cultivates C. credits D. conveys52.A. brand B. logo C. possession D. experience53.A. greedily B. gently C. persistently D. indifferently54.A. busy B. easy C. miserable D. energetic55.A. product B. vision C. essence D. importance Section B （22分）Directions: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Men are as likely as women to suffer from postnatal (产后的) depression, a study shows. One in ten fathers — the same ratios as mothers — are found to suffer before or after birth. By the time their child reaches 12 weeks, as many as one in four are feeling down.The symptoms observed in the American study are not thought to be hormonal — as they are in women — and are instead probably a response to the pressures of fatherhood. These include the expense of having children, changed relationship with partners and fear of paternal (父亲的) responsibility. In the early weeks, the lack of sleep and extra domestic chores also take the toll.The study put the overall rate of depression among new fathers at 10.4 percent —double the estimated 4.8 percent for all men in any 12-month period. Around 8 percent were affected in the 12 weeks before and after birth, according to the Eastern Virginia Medical School Research. The study found parents were more likely to be down if their partner was too.It is estimated that around one in ten women suffers postnatal depression, even if they have never had mental health problems. Without treatment the condition can last for months. Although most women have a few days of “Baby Blues” shortly after birth, postnatal depression can kick in up to six months later. Experts say that paternal depression is serious because it can have “substantial emotional, behavioural and developmental” effects on children.56. The “Baby Blues” effect among fathers may be caused by the following except __________.A. domestic choresB. fatherhood pressureC. paternal responsibilityD. hormone imbalance57. What does the underlined phrase“take the toll”in paragraph 2 mean?A. Cost a lot of money.B. Take the lead.C. Have a bad effect.D. Have no links.58. Which could be the best title for the passage?A. Therapy for DepressionB. Father Getting Baby BluesC. Effects of Father BluesD. Postnatal Recovery(B)The Best Way to See Singapore. See More for Less!City Sightseeing$33/A, $23/C, FREE/T24 hrs of Unlimited Touring —9 am to 6 pmDuration: 1 Day (unlimited rides)Attractions: Civic District, Orchard Road, Botanic Gardens, Little India, Chinatown & more along the City & Heritage routesIt is easy to enjoy Singapore with the City Sightseeing open-top touring system. Spot an interesting place or sight? Simply hop off and walk around and you can continue the tour later by hopping on the next bus. With 1 bus arriving every 20 minutes, the City Sightseeing system links you to major sights, attractions and hotels!* Guests Helpline: 6338-6877DUCK$33/A, $23/C, $2/TDaily: 9:30 am —5:30 pmDuration: 60 minutesRide the original DUCK! Hop on this amphibious(两栖的) craft for a sightseeing tour which covers both land and sea!* Free bus transfer; most popular tour; 1st and original DUCK; unique land & sea adventure* For More Information, call 6338-6859Night Safari(旅行)$49/A, $33/C, FREE/TTour Time: 6:00 pm — 10:00 pmDuration: 4 hoursObserve the night activities of the 1,000 over nocturnal(夜行的) animals in the Night Safari –the world’s first wildlife night park, for an adventure you’ll never forget.* Free & Easy with 2-way bus transfer* For More Information, call 6338-6826Flyer$53/A, $37/C, FREE/TOpen Hours: Daily 9:00 am — 9:00 pmDuration: 30 minutesFeast your eyes on Singapore’s magnificent cityscape from aheight of 165m on the world’s largest observation wheel. Get your cameras readyas you experience a 360-degree panoramic view of the city and the Marina Bay area.* Free bus transfer; free river transfer* For More Information, call 6338-3311☆ A — adult, C — children (3-12), T — toddler (2 & below)59. Which way is most suitable for Mary, who can just spare one day to travel around Singapore?A. Night Safari.B. DUCK.C. City Sightseeing.D. Flyer.60. If David and his 9-year-old son are both animal lovers, they had better dial ___________ formore information before their tour.A. 6338-6877B. 6338-6859C. 6338-3311D. 6338-682661. Mr. Smith is going to take his wife, his 13-year-old daughter and his 1-year-old son to visitSingapore at their own leisurely pace, he should get at least ___________ ready.A. $89B. $99C. $91D. $10162. Which organization in Singapore is most likely to issue the information above?A. Education Commission.B. Health Department.C. Transportation Bureau.D. Tourism Bureau.(C)Antibiotics, vaccines, organ transplant and HIV/AIDS treatments are all medical milestones that have indisputably made life better and saved millions of lives. But all these advances and countless others were developed using animals. The latest eye shadow and other cosmetics and industrial chemicals are also developed with animal testing.The lab animal issue has received attention in China in recent years as more people areconcerned about animals’ rights. China has no animal welfare laws prohibiting cruelty to animals, but there are standards (1986 and 2006) for humane treatment of lab animals, though these are difficult to enforce.World Day for Laboratory Animals was established in 1979 by the British National Anti-Vivisection Society, memorializing millions of animals that contributed to pure science, medicine, industry, fashion and the cosmetics industry. It’s also a day of action to protest the use of live animals for experiments from lab rats and dogs to cattle and primates (灵长类动物).Thousands of activists worldwide are campaigning to raise awareness and demand an end to experimentation with animals, though there are few effective alternatives. The British Union for the Abolition of Vivisection estimates that 100 million vertebrates (脊椎动物) are used in experiments every year, 10 to 11 million in the European Union. This doesn’t include mice, rats, frogs and animals not yet weaned. There are no reliable figures for China where specially bred animals are used extensively for research. Some date indicate around 16 million vertebrates were used in 2006.Three Rs principleThe three Rs are principles for lab animal welfare proposed by microbiologist RL Burch and zo ologist W.M.S. Russel in 1959. They are “reduction, refinement and replacement” and scientists are encouraged to follow them.*Reduce the number of animals by improving experimental techniques and increasing information sharing among researchers.*Refine experiments and treatment to reduce suffering; use less invasive techniques, improve care and living conditions.*Replace experiments on live animals with alternative testing where possible.“But the three Rs suggests general acquiescence (默许) in animal experimentation,” says astatement by Animal Rights in Chine (ARC), set up in 2006 by over 3000 campaigners who have been urging the use of alternatives.The alternatives activists advocate include using cell cultures instead of whole animals, using phototoxicity tests on chemicals to predict their effects on humans, using computer models, studying human volunteers and working on isolated tissues. These approaches can be useful but they can’t provide the answers that animal research can.“Animal experiment ation is a basic, very important method in life science study and biomedical research and in some specific fields, so it is irreplaceable,” says Yang Fei, deputy director of the Animal Experimentation Department of Fudan University. Yang has worked on regulating and standardizing animal testing for over 15 years.He says testing on primates is still necessary because their immune system is very similar to that of humans. They are needed to develop drugs for malaria, HIV/AIDS and infections such as SARS, he says, though admitting the approach is not perfect.63. According to the passage, ___________ may not be related to animal testing.A. Cough mixturesB. Genetically modified riceC. Dior LipsticksD. Artificial livers64. World Day for Laboratory animals was set up for the following reasons except ___________.A. to call for better experimental techniques to reduce sufferingsB. to memorialize the animals sacrificed in the labsC. to raise awareness of animal rightD. to offer the activist s a chance to raise their objections to the use of animals’ forexperiments65. Why W.M.S Russel advocated researchers to share more information?A.Because researchers can better cooperate with each other to eliminate animal testing.B. Because researchers can turn to alternatives to replace animal testing.C. Because researchers can avoid repeating similar testing on animals.D. Because researchers can make the animal testing more effective.66. ___________ is the biggest obstacle to cancelling animal testing.A. Lack of enough fundB. Lack of human awarenessC. Lack of supportive statisticsD. Lack of effective alternativesSection C （8分）Directions: Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Overnight, e ating fried chicken in the People’s Square is OUT; instead, people started to drink HEEKCAA and eat Bao Master. This year, the queues in front of the doors of “Wanghong delicacies” were so dense that a cup of tea has been hyped to over 80 Yuan by scalpers (黄牛) and local bloggers even customized a one-day tour to eat in Shanghai.To a great extent, Wanghong phenomenon depends on merchants’ business strategy. ______67______. Business also works on publicity. Before HEEKCAA’s arrival in Shanghai, it has advertised through microblog, local life service and other self-media, which has generated a certain amount of heat among the public. Once people make the purchase, the “sense of accomplishment” will urge some of them to show off at their Wechat moments, which i s good for brand image. Also, when a product is quickly recognized by consumers, capitals will come in great numbers. The boost of capitals undoubtedly helps the subsequent publicity of the brand.______68______. In the Internet era, the spread of informat ion is so fast that it doesn’t matter whether the tea tastes good or bad; it’s just a matter of whether you ever drink it. There is a word for this behavior —“fomo”, which means fear of missing out. Oxford University professor said this is not new. As social animals, humans have a strong desire to be part of a group, to be accepted, recognized, valued and remembered. A little baby cries for a hug and a child makes small trouble to get noticed. These behaviors are, in the eyes of sociologists, anxious for e xistence. It’s just that social media today that make it easier for people to perceive other people’s lives, and have a sense of loss not to join them when they know what others are doing.10-20 Yuan is the exchange value of milk tea, but it’s the symbol v alue of the goods that encourages people to “pull the grass”. Just like the lipstick, mailbox and graffiti wall that have been on the list of Wanghong, people want to use relatively controllable spending to gainsatisfaction from a moments’ thumb up. ______69______.With the development of society, consumers are not just buying a product but its brand culture and quality of life, so the appearance of light consuming is inevitable. However, “Wanghong economy” is always short-lived because this consumer group is changeable in affection. Consumers who come by “physical attractiveness” will quickly vanish if there is no implicit value or connotation to support. ______70______. Besides, consumers should make rational consumption instead of just following the trend.IV. Summary Writing （10分）Directions: Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.When a rather dirty, poorly dressed person kneels at your feet and puts out his hands to beg for a few coins, do you hurry on, not knowing what to do, or do you feel sad and hurriedly hand over some money? What should our attitude to beggars be? There can be no question that the world is full of terribly sad stories. It must be terrible to have no idea where our next meal is going to come from. It seems cruel not to give some money to beggars.Certainly, most of the world’s great religions order us to be open hearted and share what we have with those less fortunate than ourselves. But has the world changed? Maybe what was morally right in the old days, when one knew exactly who in the village had suffered misfortune and needed help, is no longer the best idea. Quite a few people will not give to beggars. Let us look at their arguments.First, some believe that many city beggars dress up on purpose to look pitiable and actually make a good living from begging. Giving to beggars only encourages this sort of evil. Secondly, there is the worry that the money you give will be spent on beer, wine or drugs. Thirdly, there is the opinion that there is no real excuse for begging. One might be poor, but that is no reason for losing one’s sense of pride and self-dependence.Related to this is the opinion that the problem should be dealt with by the government rather than ordinary people. Some people think beggars should go to the local government department and receive help.It is hard to come to any final conclusion; there are various cases and we must deal with them differently. A few coins can save a life in some situations, and even if the money is wasted,that does not take away the moral goodness of the giver.V. Translation （15分）Directions: Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in the brackets.72. 我们在国外旅游时，应当遵循当地的风俗。

2018-2019学年上海市松江区高三一模试卷

松江区2018学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷高三数学（满分150分，完卷时间120分钟） 2018.12考生注意：1. 本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分，试卷包括试题与答题要求，所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。

2. 答题前，务必在答题纸上填写座位号和姓名。

3. 答题纸与试卷在试题编号上是一一对应的，答题时应特别注意，不能错位。

一、填空题（本大题满分54分）本大题共有12题，第1~6题每个空格填对得4分，第7~12题每个空格填对得5分，否则一律得零分. 1. 设集合{}|1A x x =>，|03x B x x ⎧⎫=<⎨⎬-⎩⎭，则A B = .2. 若复数z 满足()3443i z i -=+，则||z = .3. 已知函数()y f x =的图像与函数()0,1x y a a a =>≠的图像关于直线y x =对称，且点()4,2P 在函数()y f x =的图像上，则实数a = .4. 已知等差数列{}n a 的前10和为30，则14710a a a a +++= .5. 若增广矩阵为1112m m m m +⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭的线性方程组无解，则实数m 的值为 . 6. 已知双曲线标准方程为2213x y -=，则其焦点到渐近线的距离为 .7. 若向量a ，b 满足()7a b b +⋅=，且||3a =，||2b =，则向量a 与b 夹角为 . 8. 在△ABC 中，内角A 、B 、C 所对的边分别是a 、b 、c ，若()226c a b =-+，3C π=。

则△ABC的面积= . 9. 若函数()()|lg 10sin 0|x x f x xx ⎧->⎪=⎨≤⎪⎩，则()y f x =图像上关于原点O 对称的点共有对. 10. 已知A ，B ，C 是单位圆上三个互不相同的点，若||||AB AC =，则AB AC ⋅的最小值是 .11. 已知向量1e ，2e 是平面α内的一组基向量，O 为α内的定点，对于α内任意一点P ，当12OP xe ye =+时，则称有序实数对(),x y 为点P 的广义坐标，若点A 、B 的广义坐标分别为()11,x y 、()22,x y ，对于下列命题：①线段AB 的中点的广义坐标为1212,22x x y y ++⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭； ②A 、B 两点间的距离为()()221212x x y y -+-； ③向量OA 平行于向量OB 的充要条件是1221x y x y =； ④向量OA 垂直于向量OB 的充要条件是12120x x y y +=. 其中的真命题是 .（请写出所有真命题的序号）12. 已知函数()f x 的定义域为R ，且()()1f x f x ⋅-=和()()114f x f x +⋅-=对任意的x R ∈都成立，若当[]0,1x ∈时，()f x 的值域为[]1,2，则当[]100,100x ∈-时，函数()f x 的值域为 . 二、选择题（本大题满分20分）13. 过点()0,1且与直线210x y -+=垂直的直线方程是（）（A ）210x y +-= （B ）210x y ++= （C ）220x y -+= （D ）210x y --= 14. 若0a >，0b >，则x y a b x y a b +>+⎧⎨⋅>⋅⎩是x ay b >⎧⎨>⎩的（）（A ）充分非必要条件（B ）必要非充分条件（C ）充要条件（D ）既非充分又非必要条件15. 将函数()2sin 34f x x π⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭的图像向下平移1个单位，得到()g x 的图像，若()()129g x g x ⋅=，其中[]12,0,4x x π∈，则12x x 的最大值为（）（A ）9 （B ）375（C ）3 （D ）1 16. 对于平面上一点P 和曲线C ，任取C 上一点Q ，若线段PQ 的长度存在最小值，则称该值为点P 到曲线C 的距离，记作(),d P C ，若曲线C 是边长为6的等边三角形，则点集(){}|,1D P d P C =≤所表示的图形的面积为（）（A ）36 （B ）3633- （C ）36π+ （D ）3633π-+三、解答题（本大题满分76分）本大题共有5题17. （本题满分14分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分已知向量()3sin ,1a x =，()cos ,1b x =-. （1）若∥a b ，求tan 2x 的值；（2）若()()f x a b b =+⋅，求函数()f x 的最小正周期及当0,2x π⎡⎤∈⎢⎥⎣⎦时的最大值.18. （本题满分14分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分6分，第2小题满分8分已知函数()221x f x a =-+（常数a R ∈）（1）讨论函数()f x 的奇偶性，并说明理由；（2）当()f x 为奇函数时，若对任意的[]2,3x ∈，都有()2xmf x ≥成立，求m 的最大值.19. （本题满分14分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分7分，第2小题满分7分某科技创新公司投资400万元研发了一款网络产品，产品上线第1个月的收入为40万元，预计在今后若干月内，该产品每月的收入平均比上一月增长50%。

2018届上海市各区高三英语一模试题汇编：阅读理解C篇(带答案已经校对)

上海2018年高三一模11选10汇总

The human face is a remarkable piece of work. The astonishing variety of facial (1) _________ helps people recognize each other and is crucial to the formation of complex societies. So is the face's ability to send emotional (2) _________, whether through a(n) (3) _________ blush or a false smile. People spend much of their waking lives, in the office and the courtroom as well as the bar and the bedroom, reading faces, for signs of attraction, hostility and trust.Technology is rapidly catching up with the human ability to read faces. In America facial ecognition is used by churches to (4) _________ worshippers' attendance: in Britain, by retailers to spot past shoplifters. This year Welsh police used it to arrest a(n) (5) _________ outside a football game. In China it verifies the identities of ride-hailing drivers, (6) _________ tourists to enter attractions and lets people pay for things with a smile. Apple's new iPhone is expected to use it to (7) _________ the homescreen.Set against human skills, such applications might seem gradual. Some breakthroughs. such as flight or the Internet, obviously transform human abilities; facial recognition seems merely to encode them. Although faces are (8) _________ to individuals, they are also public, so technology does not, at first sight, intrude on something that is private. And yet the ability to record, (9)_________ and analyze images of faces cheaply, quickly and on a vast (10)_________ promises one day to bring about fundamental changes to notions of privacy, fairness and trust.The Black Swan, a rural pub in England has been named "the world's best restaurant" by TripAdvisor. After scoring up positive feedback, the review website (1) _________ the pub over fine dining establishments from New York to Paris in its (2) _________ Travelers' Choice awardsSo what's it got going for it?Firstly, this is isn't some backwater pub enjoying in insignificance. Tommy Banks, a(n) (3) _________ young cook, is already a TV regular in the UK and has had a Michelin star to his name since becoming the youngest receiver ever in 2013 at the age of 24. Secondly, it’s not really a pub any more. Like many rural UK pubs, the Black Swan had been in (4) _________ for many years before 2006, when Banks' family took over. After their attempts to run it as a pub struggled, they decided to make it a dining (5) _________.It now operates as both restaurant and fashionable (6) _________, offering food-and-stay packages that help draw customers to its truly (7) _________ location. It's usually booked up well in advance with (8) _________ coming from near and far. During CNN's visit, neighboring tables included a couple on an overnight break from their kids. Another (9) _________ two of the Banks brothers' old school teachers, on a trip up from York---(10) _________ the kind of crowd that have helped lift the Black Swan to TripAdvisor gloryExperts agree that it is becoming a growing trend that more and more consumers across the country are using cashless payment methods.In fact, as early as 1988. the State Council released (1) _________ to encourage bank transfers and to reduce using cash during economic activities. Today, the move toward a cashless society could “reduce the risks of using cash, save on costs and as a matter of convenience, prevent (2) _________ activities such as money laundering(洗钱). Dong Ximiao, a research fellow at Chongyang Institute for Financial Studies at the Renmin University of China, told the Global Times.But China is not the first country to seek a cashless society. Developed states like Sweden. Denmark and Singapore are also (3) _________ the increase of cashless payment. The rapid development does not mean there are no challenges and (4) _________.Alibaba’s Hema store, where customers can shop, dine and order goods for delivery from their mobile phones, have come into the spotlight recently. Media reports said that consumers can't purchase goods with cash there, which would be considered illegal. A Hema PR representative told the Global Times that all 13 Hema stores in the country do in fact allow consumers to pay in cash. She noted that Hema store simply (5) _________ consumers to pay via Alipay for convenience purposes.Alipay and WeChat Pay, the nation's two major third-party mobile payment tools, also (6) _________campaigns this month to encourage more merchants and customers to use cashless payment methods. Both called for the establishment of a "cashless society" which caused (7) _________ over whether cash will soon disappear. Dong (8) _________that a cashless society would not mean that cash would completely disappear. "As the economy grows, the (9) _________ of cash is still very huge,” noted Dong.Also, it's important to remember that nearly half of China's population lives in rural areas, especially in undeveloped western regions, and therefore is not able to enjoy (10) _________ brought by the Internet,” Dong said. "And when it comes to China's senior citizens, most of them prefer to use cash in their daily life,” he added.We are each responsible for our own decisions, even if the decision-making process has been cut down by stress or peer pressure. The real test of character is whether we can learn from our (1) _________, by understanding why we acted as we did, and then exploring ways to avoid (2) _________ problems in the futureMaking ethical (伦理的) decisions is a(n) (3) _________ part of avoiding future problems. We must learn to recognize risks, because if we can't see the risks we’re taking, we can't make responsible choices. To (4) _________ risks, we need to know the rules and be aware of the facts. For example, one who doesn't know the rules about plagiarism (剽窃) may accidentally use words or ideas without giving proper credit or one who fails to keep careful research notes may unintentionally fail to quote and cite sources as (5) _________. But the fact that such a violation is "unintentional" does not excuse the misconduct. Ignorance is not a (6) _________.Most people who get in trouble do know the rules and facts, but manage to fool themselves about the risks they're taking by using excuses: "Everyone else does it. ""I’m not hurting anyone, or "I really need this grade." Excuses can get very complex: "I know I'm looking at another's exam, even though l'm supposed to keep my eyes on my own paper, but that's not (7) _________ because I'm just checking my answers, not copying." We must be honest about our actions, and (8) _________ excuses. If we fool ourselves into (9) _________ we're not doing anything wrong, we can't see the real choice we’re making---and that leads to bad decisions.To avoid fooling yourself, watch out for excuses and try this test: Ask how you would feel if your actions were public, and anyone could be watching over your shoulder. Would you feel proud or (10) _________of your actions? If you'd rather hide your actions, that's a good indication that you’re taking a risk and rationalizing it to yourselfScientists have developed a new surgical glue that could transform emergency treatments by sealing up critical wounds in the skin or the organs, without the need for staples or sutures (钉合或缝合).It's called MeTro. It was developed by researchers from both Harvard Medical School and the University of Sydney, led by Nasim Annabi, an assistant professor of chemical (1) _________. The glue is made from a modified (改良的) human protein that responds to UV light, allowing the application and drying of the gel- like substance in just a minute.According to the international team of researchers behind the glue, it could quite literally be a lifesaver, sealing up wounds in 60 seconds without stopping the natural (2) _________ and relaxing of the organ or the skin it's applied to. Wounds (3) __________ with MeTro can heal up in half the time compared with stitches or staples, the researchers claim, and if surgery is required then MeTro can simplify that (4) _________ too. It's also one of several ways researchers are exploring to engineer our body's own natural substances to help repair it when needed.The (5) _________applications are powerful--- from treating serious (6) _________ wounds at emergency sites such as following car accidents and in war zones, as well as improving hospital surgeries.MeTro is simple to apply, can be easily stored, and works closely with natural (7) _________ to heal a wound. What's more, it degrades without leaving any kind of poisonous leftovers in the body.For now the trials are (8) _________ to animal models. But human trials are in the works, and the results to date are incredibly (9) _________. If the MeTro can be further developed into a (10) _________product, it could become an essential part of a first responder's toolkit.The din (喧嚣) of a loud restaurant or party can make conversation difficult for anyone---but for the elderly, these settings can make it nearly impossible. The mechanics of hearing (1) _________ with age, but the latest research focuses on another part of the problem---the slower (2) _________ speed of aging brains, which have to work harder to translate sound into intelligible (可理解的) language.Research shows that musicians are better able to pick out speech from surrounding noise as they age compared to non-musicians. And a new study of auditory training with a (3) _________ available brain training program suggests that most people who are hard of hearing can develop the same skills. The scientists showed that people trained for 40 hours over 8 weeks with Posit Science's "Brain Fitness" were able to pick out 41% more words from background noise compared to those who watched educational DVDs and were quizzed on their (4) _________ after the same amount of time. The authors received no funding from the makers of the program: the study was (5) _________ by the National Institutes of Health.The research included 67 older adults between 55 and 70, with an average age of 63. The auditory training came in the form of (6) _________ hearing tasks that primed the participants to hear better by requiring them to identify various speech sounds and (7) _________ between similar sounding syllables (音节), for example, as well as repeating back words and remembering stories.Both those who received the training and those who watched the DVDs were tested on short term memory, brain processing speed and the ability to hear speech in noisy settings. All of the participants showed improvement in these three (8) _________, but for the first time, the scientists also documented that the sharper hearing was (9) _________ by earlier signaling in the brainstem.As the authors write in their paper, the training not only improved the ability to decode speech in noisy situations, but also sped up the brain’s ability to (10) _________to the sound---bringing it to more “youthful” levels.7. 长宁/嘉定高三一模卷（2018）What is leadership? Its qualities are difficult to define, but they are not so difficult to identify. Leaders don’t force other people to go along with them. They bring them along. Leaders get trust from others by giving it themselves, by building an environment that (1) _________ creativity, and by operating with honesty and fairness.Good leaders don’t work alone. They recognize that an organization’s strategies for success require the (2) _________ talents and efforts of members. Leadership is the catalyst (催化剂) for transforming those talents into (3) _________.Successful leaders are emotionally and intellectually looking into the future not stuck in the past. They have a(an) (4) _________ to take responsibility and to innovate. They are not (5) _________ with merely taking care of what has already been there. They want to move forward to create something new.Leaders provide answers as well as direction, offer strength as well as devotion, and speak from experience as well as (6) _________ of the problems they face and the people they work with.Leaders are (7) _________ rather than absolute. They believe in unity rather than yielding. And they strive to achieve agreements out of conflict.Leadership is all about getting people (8) _________ to give their best, helping them to grow to their fullest potential, and motivating them to work toward a common good. Leaders make the right things happen when they’re (9) _________ to.A good leader, an effective leader, is one who has respect. Respect is something you have to have in order to receive. A leader who has respect for other people at all levels of an organization, for the work they do and for their abilities, desires and needs, will find that respect is (10) _________. And all concerned will be motivated to work together.A large-scale cultural exploration program National Treasure《国家宝藏》made its first show on CCTV on Sunday night. In the first episode, the Palace Museum in Beijing showcased three treasures.As a (1) _________ variety show, the National Treasure aims to showcase the background stories of national treasures and (2) _________ various art forms. In the show, "national treasure keepers ” acted by famous and common people will present treasures, telling their stories with the collections and interpreting the historical (3) _________. The show aims to inspire the ancient Chinese civilization and make the national treasures "come alive”.This is not the first time for the Palace Museum in Beijing to be (4) _________ welcomed online in China, thanks to its efforts in cultural products and self-promotion in recent years.Last year, the museum (5) _________ so much attention because of the huge success of the three-episode TV documentary, Masters in the Forbidden City and a movie with the same name. Over the last few years, the museum has (6) _________ 495 signposts and 1400 new chairs have been provided. In addition, the Palace Museum opened a (an) (7) _________ online store on e-commerce platform Taobao, selling related products. It also started their self-promotion through new media, publishing articles to promote the culture of the museum. It (8) _________ swept the Internet by its humorous style and interesting content. At the same time, the Palace Museum has published several mobile apps, one of which saw over 200,000 downloads just two weeks after its (9) _________ in 2013. Its self-promotion has achieved great results. In 2012, the museum saw 15 million visitors. And it received 16 million visitors last year.The museum is also a popular (10) _________ among foreign leaders. For example, US President Donald Trump and his wife visited the Palace Museum on Nov 8.How to Stick to Good Habits by Using the "2-Minute Rule"Most of the tasks that you procrastinate on (that is to say, you postpone doing what you should be doing.) aren't actually difficult to do --- you have the talent and skills to (1) _________ them---you just avoid starting them for one reason or another. The 2-Minute Rule (2) _________ procrastination and laziness by making it so easy to start taking action that you can't say no. It might sound like this strategy is too basic for your (3) _________ life goals, but I beg to differ. It works for any goal because of one simple reason: the (4) _________ of real life.As Sir Isaac Newton taught us a long time ago, objects at rest tend to stay at rest and objects in motion tend to stay in motion. This is just as true for humans as it is for falling apples. Once you start doing something, it's easier to (5) _________doing it. I love the 2-Minute Rule because it takes up the idea that all sorts of good things happen once you get started.The most important part of any new habit is getting started- not just the first time, but each time. It's not about performance, it's about (6) _________ taking action. In many ways, getting started is more important than succeeding. This is (7) _________ true in the beginning because there will be plenty of time to improve your performance later on. The 2-Minute Rule isn't about the results you achieve, but rather about the (8) _________ of actually doing the work. I can't guarantee whether or not the 2-Minute Rule will work for you. But, I can guarantee that it will never work if you never try it.The problem with most articles you read, podcasts you listen to, or videos you watch is that you (9) _________ the information but never put it into practice. I want this article to be different. I want you to actually use this information, right now. What’s something you can do that will take you less than two minutes? Do it right now. Anyone can (10) _________ the next 120 seconds. Use this time to get one thing done. Go.Company Builds World' s First Automobile Vending Machine(自动贩卖机) Thanks to used-car website Carvana, it is now possible to buy your own set of wheels at the touch of a button, from the world's first and only coin-operated car vending machine in Nashville. Tennessee. It's quick, easy, and not cheap, but cheaper than buying a car the old way.The company has been working on the concept for the past two years. Their (1) _________ car vending machine was installed in Atlanta in 2013. But they’ve spent time improving the design, in order to take user experience to the next level. "Our new Vending Machine is a state-of-the-art, multi- story structure that delivers our customers' cars by merely (2) _________ a special coin,” said Carvana CEO Ernie Garcia.The machine consists of a five-story glass tower that can hold up to 20 cars at a time. The tower basically serves as a(n) (3) _________ point for used cars that customers purchase through the website, enabling (4) _________ pricing and eliminating delivery costs.Customers can access a long list of specifications, ratings, reviews, and lots of other details about the cars they’re interested in on the Carvana website. They even get (5) _________ tours that point out every scratch on the body of the car. Once the car is chosen and paid for, the company usually delivers the car to the customer for a seven-day trial period. This usually means the delivery costs are worked into the (6) _________ of the vehicle.But with the Vending Machine, customers are able to go to pick up their cars straight away. It’s a win-win (7) _________ that allows Carvana to cut down on staff and overhead(间接费用), and save customers about $2.000 as well. According to the company, it also makes for a great (8) _________experience --- placing an oversized coin in a slot (硬币投币口) and watching their car roll down automatically.Carvana's (9) _________ is to create a better way to buy a car, and this new Vending Machine will be a one-of-a-kind experience, (10) _________ just how simple and easy we’ve made it to buy a car online,” Garcia said. He added the company plans to build more car vending machines in the future.The discovery builds on earlier findings showed that a class of genes called splicing (胶接) factors is progressively switched off as we age. The research team found that splicing factors can be switched back on with chemicals, making aging cells not only look (1) _________ younger, but start to divide like young cells.The researchers applied compounds chemicals based on a (2) _________ naturally found in red wine, dark chocolate, red grapes and blueberries, to cells in culture. The chemicals (3) _________ splicing factors, which are progressively switched off as we age to be switched back on. Within hours, the cells looked younger and started to behave like young cells.The discovery has the (4) _________ to lead to therapies which could help people age better, without experiencing some of the backward effects of getting old. Most people by the age of 85 have experienced some kind of constant illness, and as people get older they are more likely to suffer from heart disease and cancerProfessor Harries said: "This is a first step in trying to make people live (5) _________ lifetime, but with health for their entire life. Our data suggests that using chemicals to switch back on the major class of genes that are switched off as we age might provide a means to (6) _________ function to old cells.”Dr. Eva Latorre, Research Associate at the University of Exeter, who carried out the experiments, was surprised by the (7) _________ and rapidity of the changes in the cells."When I saw some of the cells in the culture dish (8) _________ I couldn't believe it. These old cells were looking like young cells. It was like magic." she said. "I repeated the experiments several times and in each case the cells refreshed. I am very excited by the implications and potential for this research.As we age, our tissues gather aging cells which are alive but do not grow or (9) _________ as they should. These old cells lose the ability to correctly regulate the output of their genes. This is one reason why tissues and organs become exposed to disease as we age. When stimulated, genes make a message that gives the (10) _________ for the cell to behave in a certain way. Most genes can make more than one message, which determines how the cell acts.Splicing factors are crucial in ensuring that genes can perform their full range of functions.There's nothing more annoy ing than settling down to sleep and hearing the sound of a mosquito buzzing around you.The only thought most of us ever give to this noise is "I need to get rid of this insect immediately", but it turns out that the mosquito is actually quite a(n) (1) _________creature.A team of scientists from Oxford University in the UK, in (2) _________ with the Royal Veterinary College in London and Chiba University in Japan, recently published a study that found some interesting facts about the world's most (3) _________insect.By placing eight cameras inside a tiny film studio, the scientists could study several mosquitoes up close. The high-tech cameras filmed the insects at 1000 frames per second, meaning the scientists were able to study the insects (4) _________in never-before-seen detail. However, it wasn’t always straightforward.“Recording mosquitoes during free-flight represented a huge technical challenge due to their small size, (5) _________wing-beat frequency, and the presence of large antennae and legs that can (6) _________ the view of their wings, " Simon Walker of Oxford University, co-author of the study, wrote.Published in the journal Nature, the study found that mosquitoes flap their wings around 800 times a second. As a(n) (7) _________, house flies flap their wings about 200 times a second, and hummingbirds 50 times a second.Richard Bomphrey of the royal Veterinary College, the study's leader, believes that mosquitoes have a unique flying method that sets them apart from other flying insects."We predicted they must make use of clever tricks, as the wings (8) _________ their direction at the end of each half-stroke, "he wrote in the study.Hopefully, the discovery of the mosquito's special abilities will be of benefit to engineers in the future. The findings could lead to better aircraft, or even improvements to tools like lenses or pumps.But the scientists hope their study can one day be (9) _________ to new developments in more human-focused use. “The more we know about mosquitoes, the better our chance of understanding their fight behavior, how they carry disease and (10) _________how to stop them from doing so,” Walker wrote.How many times have parents had to argue with their young son or daughter about getting their face out of their phone and focusing on the world around them? It’s completely normal for parents of growing children to be concerned about their child's safety, but is their (1) _________ to social media really harming them?Social media was created to connect people with others online and has recently been added to smartphones, making it far more accessible than it (2) _________ was. This new way to easily be able to use social media has encouraged children and teens to begin to use sites such as Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram frequently. Maturing teens and children are usually very timid when it comes to (3) _________ with their families, which they sometimes view as “annoying”. So, what do these kids use as a solution or a(n) "(4) _________” ? The answer is simple: social media.However, when we use social media for a large amount of time, parents tend to show concern for their child and blame social media for (5) _________ their attention.The word, "social" was entered into the term, social media, for a reason. Parents of growing teens don't seem to understand that. When they see their child using Twitter or Instagram they think that they are using it to get away from real world (6) _________. The truth, however, is that they are using it to connect with their close friends, make new friends, and receive information about what is currently happening in the modern world.Children and teens are (7) ________accused for using social media only for entertainment purposes and for huge amounts of time. Sure everyone who uses social media enjoys< contacting their friends and viewing entertaining things, but how come children receive all of the (8) _________for abusing it? Parents should really think about how social media can help children and teens learn and grow in the real world rather than it just being another (9) _________.Social media as a whole has both positive and negative aspects, but after all of the (10) _________ from pre-teens, teens, and parents is put together, it shows that media is actually helping the newer generations in their lives.Puppy Dog Eyes Are for the Benefits of HumansDogs make puppy dog Eyes Are for the Benefits of Humans and rarely use the pleasing facial expression when on their own, a new study has shown.It has long been assumed that animal facial expressions are involuntary and dependent on emotional state rather than a way to communicate.But scientists at the University's Dog Cognition Centre at Portsmouth University have found that dogs mostly use facial expressions when humans are present, as a direct response to attention. Puppy dog eyes, in which the (1) _________is raised to make the eyes appear wider and sadder, was found to be the most (2) _________ used expression in the study. Researchers do not know whether the dogs are aware they look sadder, or have just learned that widening their eyes invites (3) _________ and affection in humans.Dog cognition expert Dr. Juliane Kaminski: "We can now be (4) _________ that the production of facial expressions made by dogs are dependent on the attention state of their audience and are not just a result of dogs being excited.”“In our study they produced far more expressions when someone was watching, but seeing food (5) _________ did not have the same effect.”The findings appear to support evidence that dogs are (6) _________ to humans attention and that expressions are (7) _________active attempts to communicate, not simple emotional displays. "The researchers studied 24 dogs of various breeds, aged one to 12. All were family pets. Each dog was tied by a lead a meter away from a person, and the dogs' faces were (8) _________ throughout a range of exchanges, from the person being oriented towards the dog, to being distracted, with her body turned away from the dog.They found that when a human was not watching the animal, they (9) _________ facial expressions.Dr Kaminski said it is possible that dogs' expressions have evolved as they were (10) _________. “Domestic dogs have a unique history --- they have lived alongside humans for 30,000 years and during that time selection pressures seem to have acted on dogs' ability to communicate with us,” she said.。

上海市2018届高三英语一模考试汇编解答题新人教版精品

2018届（2018学年）上海市高三英语一模——简答（长宁）“Neither a borrower nor a lender be.” Although this might be excellent advice in matters concerning family and friends, borrowing and lending are frequently the foundation of a booming economy.A loan is a sum of money borrowed for a limited period. A loan may be obtained from an individual or from an institution such as a bank and is generally granted at a specific rate of interest. Interest is the fee that the borrower pays to use the money. An extremely high rate of interest --- and certainly any amount more than law permits --- is called usury. Lending money can be a risky business, for there is always the possibility that the borrower may not be able to pay the loan. For this reason, a lender generally requires the borrower to register something valuable of his or hers, known as collateral (抵押), as a part of the loan agreement. A house or an automobile, investments in the stock market, even the value of a business, are all examples of collateral that a lender may be willing to accept in the event that the borrower fails to pay the loan.There are two major sorts of loans: consumer loans and commercial loans. A consumer loan is one that is made to an individual, and it may be to buy a house or an automobile or to finance an education. A commercial loan may be used to start a new business, pay for new equipment and staff, or expand an office or factory. The business of making loans also contributes to a healthy economy by enhancing the employment market. Loans allow consumers to buy and improve homes, creating jobs for carpenters, architects and etc. Loans enable businesses to expand, and when these businesses open a branch office or a new store, they also increase their consumption of office supplies, furnishings, and computers.In a booming economy, money circulates quickly, and each deal represents earnings for someone. It may be reasonable to say that a certain level of debt is normal, even necessary, to a healthy economy as long as the individual borrower or business is careful and try not to take on more than a manageable amount of debt.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81.“Neither a borrower nor a lender be.”is excellent advice for keeping good familyand friends while it is __________.82.What is the purpose of collateral in a loan agreement?83.Different from commercial loans, consumer loans may be used to __________.84.How can the individual borrower or business profit from a booming economy?81. not for building / developing a booming / fast-growing economy82. To prevent the borrower from not paying the loan. / …83. fulfill / achieve the purpose of personal development / …84. By being careful and avoiding being in too much debt / …（闸北）A son in many developing countries means insurance, who will inherit his father's property and help support the family. However, to parents, a daughter is just another expense. Her place is in the home, not in the world of men. A girl can't help but feel inferior when everything around her tells her that she is worth less than a boy. Her future is, to some extent, shaped as soon as her family limits her opportunities and treat her as second-rater, which explain why women in developing countries perform much worse than men both in study and career.Deep discrimination (歧视)against women creates a firm force that keeps girls from living up to their full potential. It also leaves them victims to severe physical and emotional harm. These “servants of the household" come to accept that li fe will never be any different. What's most harmful, it results not only in millions of individual tragedies, but also in the lost potential for the entire country. Studies show there is a direct link between a country's attitude toward women and its social and economic progress. The status of women is central to the health of a society. If one part suffers, so does the whole.To deal with the situation, many women turn to education. Educated women are essential to ending sex discrimination, starting by reducing the poverty The most basic skills in literacy and Maths open up opportunities for better-paying jobs for women. Uneducated women in rural areas of Zambia, for instance, are twice as likely to live in poverty as those who have had eight or more years of education.Women who have had some schooling are more likely to get married later, survive childbirth, have fewer and healthier children, and make sure their own children complete school. Understanding the importance of hygiene (卫生）and nutrition, they are more likely to stay in physical wellness.Nevertheless, the comprehensive change for a society speaks for the more far-reaching meaning of women education. As women get the opportunity to go to school and obtain higher-level jobs, they gain status in their communities, which translates into the power to influence their families and societies. Such power may, together with other forces of outside interference, make even bigger changes possible and gradually lighten up women's fates in these countries.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. What two facts make a woman achieve less than men in developing countries?82. The most severe result of discrimination against women is ________________________.83. Why are educated women in developing countries more likely to remain healthy?84. High social position at home helps women to have the ability to ________________________.81. Her family limiting her opportunities and treating her as second-rater.82. the lost potential for the entire country83. Because they understand the importance of hygiene and nutrition.84. influence their families and societies（杨浦）Pizza Hut lovers, you can now smell just like your favorite food. Pizza Hut launches its own perfume that smells like a fresh pizza pie. This is not a joke —although it started as one! While it might seem like an unusual venture for the brand famous for pizza, the company’s perfume is already available as a limited edition product. fuck myselfAccording to the Globe and Mail, the project started out as a joke by Grip Limited, an advertising firm that works with Pizza Hut in Canada, who asked the chain’s Facebook fans to imagine the pleasant smell of a fresh-delivered pie as a perfume — and to name it. Fans responded to the idea so enthusiastically that Grip Limited decided to take the joke a step further and make the perfume a reality.A month and a half later, to celebrate that Pizza Hut Canada had gotten 100,000 fans, the chain’s community managers an nounced that the first 100 people to message them would actually get a bottle of Pizza Hut perfume. And sure enough, the bottles were shipped to those 100 lucky fans before Christmas.Grip Limited isn’t the only company to attract attention with odd aroma s (芳香). Four years ago, Burger King offered a $4 meat-scented body spray for men. Before that in 2018, Stilton created a perfume meant to mimic (模拟) the scent of blue cheese.Pizza Hut Canada has not announced any plans to make more of the perfume in the future. But the chain also said in the release that it’s possible the perfume could appear in stores in the future.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. Some people consider the perfume a joke because they think Pizza Hut is a_______________.82. _______________________________ pushed Grip Limited to turn the joke into reality.83. Who are the lucky birds to get the perfume?84. Why did Pizza Hut follow Burger King’s steps to release a perfume?81. famous brand for pizza82. The fans’ enthusiastic response to the project / idea / activity83. The first 100 people to message the Pizza Hut Canada84. To attract public attention（徐汇）If you need another reason to give thanks at the dinner table on Thanksgiving Day, how’s this: people who maintain an “attitude of gratitude” tend to be happier and healthier than those who don’t, according to an instructive article this week in the Wall Street Journal.The WSJ’s Melinda Beck reports that adults who feel grateful have “more energy, more optimism, more social connections and more happiness than those who do not, according to studies conducted over the past decade. Now a new study conducted by researchers at Hofstra University — the results of which are set to be published in an upcoming issue of the Journal of Happiness Studies — finds similar benefits of gratitude for adolescents as well.Dr. Jeffrey J. Froh, assistant professor of psychology and lead researcher of the new study, surveyed 1,185 students aged from 14 to 19 and found that grateful students reported higher grades, more life satisfaction, better social integration and less envy and depression than their peers who were less thankful and more materialistic. Additionally, feelings of gratitude had a more powerful impact on the students’ lives overall than materialism.What the majority of the research suggests is that gratitude should be chronic （长期的）in order to make a lasting difference in well-being. Dr. Robert Emmons, professor of psychology at the University of California, Davis, and a pioneer in gratitude research, told the WSJ that in order to reap（收获）all of its benefits, feeling gratitude must be rooted into your personality, and you must frequently acknowledge and be thankful for the role other people play in your happiness: “The key is not to leave it on the Thanksgiving table,” he said.For older children and adults, one simple way to cultivate gratitude is to literally count your blessings. Keep a journal and regularly record whatever you are grateful for that day. Be specific. Listing “my friends, my school, my dog” day after day means that “gratitude tiredness” has set in, Dr. Froh says. Writing “my dog licked my face when I was sad” keeps it fresher. The real benefit comes in chan ging how you experience the world. Look for things to be grateful for, and you’ll start seeing them.Studies show that using negative, insulting words —even as you talk to yourself —can darken your mood, as well. Fill your head with positive thoughts, express thanks and encouragement aloud and look for something to be grateful for, not criticize, in those around you, especially loved ones.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. According to the article i n the Wall Street Journal, people who don’t maintain an “attitude of gratitude” tend to be ______________.82. What are the major findings of the new study at Hofstra University about?83. According to the passage, how can people probably avoid “grat itude tiredness”?84. In order not to darken our moods, we’d better stop ________________.81. less happy and healthy82. Benefits of gratitude for adolescents. / Adolescents benefit from feeling gratitude.83. By regularly recording specific things they are grateful for.84. using negative, insulting words（松江）My wife and I recently completed a trip to China with China Highlights. It was a very memorable vacation. From start to finish, China Highlights was very helpful and supportive. The start of our trip began with an Internet search for a tour agency that would meet our needs and expectations. After reviewing and submitting questions to websites of many companies, we selected China Highlights. Our decision was based on the speed and content of their responses, along with the significant amount of support information provided both on their websites and in their emailed attachments. In addition, the proposed journey and price for a private tour including plane fares between cities and first class seats on a high speed train were strong incentives (激励) to select China Highlights. Their assistance and flexibility in finalizing the itinerary, with favorable payment terms, further convinced us that we made a good choice. We relied on his recommendations for several pre-departure and planning issues Up to the time of departure, Michael was always available to quickly response to our ongoing questions and ensured that we left fully prepared.From the time that we first arrived in Beijing and at every destination of the trip, the guide and the driver were at the airport / train station with signs for us. Conversely, as we left each city, they took care in getting us to the proper check-in area on time, with enough instructions for us to easily continue boarding THE transportation despite obvious communication issues since we did not speak Chinese. In hindsight, our concerns about travelling between locations were unnecessary. Similarly, travelling throughout the cities, as we visited each attraction, was very comfortable. The guides kept us informed of historical and local information. One suggestion would be to pre-identify any sites to visit and have them included in the final journey rather than try to change during the visit.The sights that we visited were most impressive. Obviously, the Great Wall, Forbidden City and Tiananmen Square, and the Terra Cotta Soldiers were everything we expected. The guides were very knowledgeable, and helped us understand many aspects of these areas.After we returned home, China Highlights followed up to make sure that we were satisfied with our trip, and to get any feedback that we wanted to provide. They evenaddressed some minor issues that we cited. Overall, China Highlights went over and above our expectations.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. What made the couple choose China Highlights during their visit to China?82. The overseas visitors were satisfied with China Highlights services except ___________________.83. During their visit, not only the sights but also ________________ made a great impression on them.84. How did China Highlights improve its quality of service after the visitors finished their journey?25.That China Highlights was very helpful and supportive.25.changing final journey during the visit.25.the knowledgeable and helpful guides and the driver25.It followed up to get any feedback / It addressed some minor issues that visitors cited（青浦）Oscar-winning director Ang Lee’s new epic “Life of Pi” r eveals the relationship between a teenage Indian boy and a Bengal tiger. But in reality, the predators（食肉动物）are under increasing threat from humans. Animal rights group PETA is hoping to use the popularity of the film to focus people’s attention on the re al life of Bengal tigers.With the rising demand for tiger parts from East Asia, illegal hunting remains a tremendous danger for the remaining cat population. Back in 1947, there were 40,000 tigers in India, but the number is experiencing a sharp decline to 1,718 despite campaigns to protect the animal.Rising man-animal conflict is also one of the leading causes of decline in tiger numbers. In one of numerous reported attacks on the endangered big cats, villagers near the Bangladesh-India border, armed with sticks and boat oars, set upon the animal suspected to have attacked a local fisherman and beat it to death earlier this month. So far this year, 58 tiger deaths have been reported in the country.“The first instinct when a tiger is spotted is to just kill it,” grieved Gurmeet Sapal, a wildlife filmmaker. “The feeling of fear and revenge is so strong that it shuts out any other emotion. What we don’t realize is that the tiger never attacks humans until it is forced to.”India has been struggling to stop the tiger's decline in the face of the loss of habitat as well that encourages the animals to leave the forest for food. “The tiger’s rapidly exhausted prey base causes the predator to go all out to get its food. Consequently, livestock and human beings become easy prey, which leads inevitably to conflict,” says a wildlife conservationist.Filmmaker Sapal says it is only normal for people to think of the tiger as a dangerous animal, but its image as a human killer bears some injustice. “Tigers never kill fo r sport nor store meat. They kill their prey only in case of hunger. ”(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in no more than ten words)81. PETA hopes “Life of Pi” can __________________________________.82. Why did the villagers beat the tiger to death?83. As a result of the loss of habitat, __________________________________ are morelikely to be the big cat’s victims.84. When will tigers attack and kill people according to the article?81. focus people’s attention on the real li fe of Bengaltigers.82. Because it was suspected to have attacked a local fisherman83. livestock and human beings84. When (they are) hungry or attacked.（普陀）A long-awaited final report from the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) concludes that foods from healthy cloned animals and their offspring are as safe as those from ordinary animals, effectively removing the last US regulatory barrier to the marketing of meat and milk from cloned cattle, pigs and goats.The 968-page "final risk assessment," not yet released but obtained by The Washington Post, finds no evidence to support people’s concerns that food from clones may have hidden risks.But, recognizing that a majority of consumers are wary of（谨慎的）food from clones—and that cloning could damage the good image of American milk and meat—the report includes hundreds of pages of raw data so that others can see how it came to its conclusions.The report also acknowledges that human health concerns are not the only subject raised by the coming-out of cloned farm animals.“Moral, religious and ethical concerns have been raised,” the agency notes in a document accompanying the report. But the report is “exactly a science-based assessmen t.” It reports, because the agency is not authorized by law to consider those issues.In practice, it will be years before foods from clones make their way to store shelves in large quantities, in part because the clones themselves are too valuable to kill or milk. Instead, the expensive animals’replicas(复制品) of some of the finest farm animals ever born — will be used firstly as breeding stock to create what supporters say will be a new generation of superior farm animals.When food from those animals hits the market, the public may yet have its say. FDA officials have said they do not expect to require food from clones to be labeled as such, but they may allow foods from ordinary animals to be labeled as not from clones.81. What conclusion has FDA drawn after the public waited for a long time?82. Foods from clones won’t be available soon partly because _________________.83. With the appearance of cloned farm animals, people care more about_________________ problems.84. How will foods from ordinary animals be labeled?81. FDA concluded foods from healthy cloned animals and their offspring are safe .82. the clones themselves are too valuable to kill or milk.83. human health, moral, religious and ethical84. They will be allowed to be labeled as not from clones.（浦东）We delight in the stories passed down to us by oldergenerations. Tales from the past reveal our loved ones’ truepersonalities that we didn’t know before and can unite familymembers. But they are still just small pieces from a lifetimeof experience, leaving a wealth of personal memories and stories that can go untold.A growing company, LifeBook, is helping people to ensure that the rich, personal histories of our loved ones can be captured in detail in elegant, well-crafted books that can be handed down through the generations. These individual autobiographies, professionally written and illustrated with photographs, hold a lifetime of memories and can form an everlasting family legacy.Linden, who commissioned(委托写) a book on her father from LifeBook, said, ‘It has been a wonderful thing, both for myself and my father. He was quite worried about it at first, but once it got going he established a very good relationship with Will, his interviewer, and I know they had lots of fun and laughs. He started looking forward to the meetings very much, someone showing interest in him outside the family.’Now, LifeBook is becoming increasingly popular as a gift, requested by sons and daughters who wish to preserve the memories of their older loved ones for future generations. The process of creating a LifeBook brings family members closer together as they learn more about the family’s past. And for the authors, LifeBook gives them a project to focus on. It also gives them the benefits of face-to-face companionship in the weekly interviews.For Linden, it was a highly positive experience, ‘I feel very happy because I have given my father this huge gift. It has made him happier and he’s got a newfound interest in life. He’s got more things to talk ab out and,I think, a sense of great pride.’‘Also it’s something he can hand down to futuregenerations. We’re all thrilled with the book, delighted—and I’m sure he’ll want to do volume two very soon.’(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TWELVE WORDS.)81. Tales from the past generations can not only ___________________.82. What does the company, LifeBook, do in those special books?83. Linden’s father started to look forward to the meetings with the interviewerbecause _________.84. Besides a project to focus on, what else can creating a LifeBook bring its author?81. reveal our loved ones’ true personalities but also unite family members82. It helps capture the rich, personal histories of our loved ones.83. someone was showing interest in him outside the family84. The benefits of face-to-face companionship.（闵行）At present, in many American cities especially, many teachers in the public schools say they are underpaid. They point to jobs such as secretary or truck driver, which often pay more to start than that of a teacher. In many other fields, such as law, medicine, computer science, a beginning worker may make more than a teacher who has taught for several years.Teaching has never been a profession that attracted people interested in high salaries. It is by history a profession that has provided rewards in additionto money—the satisfaction of sharing knowledge, of influencing others, of guiding young people. But in the past several years, there are more difficulties in teaching, for many, than there are rewards.Unruly (不守规矩的) students, especially in big cities, large classes and a lack of support from the public in terms of money and understanding have led many public school teachers to leave the profession.As a result, many of the best students, who would have chosen teaching as their life career in the past, are going into other fields.Another reason for this change in teacher candidates is the changing status of women in the United States. Until the late 1960s and 1970s, one of the most popular choices for women was teaching. But as other professions, such as law and medicine opened up to women, women stopped pouring into teacher training programs. Thus, excellent candidates for the teaching profession declined.Bit by bit government officials and others realized that the status of the teacher had suffered. They talked about change. But the change in a vast society like the United States is not easy. People’s at titudes have formed over many years, and sometimes change takes many years.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. What are many teachers in the public schools of America complaining about?82. What is the consequence of the public school teachers’ leaving the profession?83. The changing status of women in the United States is one of the causes forwomen to ________________________.84. According to the last paragraph, the status of the teachers in the UnitedSates will _____________________ within years.81. low pay / being under-paid / not being well-paid82. causing some best students not to choose teaching profession / some best studentsdon’t choose teaching profession83. choose careers other than teaching / choose other careers instead of teaching84. not be changed / remain unchanged（静安）All we have a clock located inside our brains. Similar to your bedside alarm clock, your internal clock runs on a 24-hour cycle. This cycle, called a circadian (昼夜节奏的) rhythm, helps control when you wake, when you eat and when you sleep.Somewhere around puberty, something happens in the timing of the biological clock. The clock pushes forward, so adolescents and teenagers are unable to fall asleep as early as they used to. When your mother tells you it's time for bed, your body may be pushing you to stay up3 for several hours more. And the light coming from your computer screen or TV could be pushing you to stay up even later.This shift is natural for teenagers. But staying up very late and sleeping late can get your body's clock out of sync with the cycle of light and dark. It can also make it hard to get out of bed in the morning and may bring other problems, too. Teenagers are put in a kind of a gray cloud (提不起精神的状态) when they don't get enough sleep, says Mary Carskadon, a sleep researcher at Brown University in Providence, Rhode Island. It affects their mood and their ability to think and learn.But just like your alarm clock, your internal clock can be reset. In fact, it automatically resets itself every day. How? By using the light it gets through your eyes.Scientists have known for a long time that the light of day and the dark of night play important roles in setting our internal clocks. For years, researchers thought that the signals that synchronize the body's clock were handled through the same pathways that we use to see. But recent discoveries show that the human eye has two separate light-sensing systems. One system allows us to see. The second system tells our body whether it's day or night.(Note: Answer the questions or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.)81. The clock located inside our brains is similar to our bedside alarm clock because ________________________________________.82. Children before puberty tend to __________________________________than adolescents.83. The author wants to tell the reader that_____________________________________.84. What did the previous researchers think about the human eye's light-sensing system?81. it has a cycle of 24 hours82. fall asleep earlier at night83. staying up late affects teenagers' ability to think and learn.84. The human eye had one light-sensing system.（金山）Phonxay is one of the poorest districts of Laos, and many of its villages are only accessible by footpath. Our destination this hot morning is a concrete water tank which was helped to build by a UK organization because of the lack of clean drinking water. The tank has made a big difference; it gives water to over 800 People. But lately, the clean water supply has come under pressure from new arrivals, people who have come down from the hill areas, and there will not be enough clean water to go round.There are also serious worries about resources in Laos. The Chinese are building a 400 km railway link, and about 150,000 Chinese workers will be involved. What will this do to local clean water supplies? How will the workers be fed?The vast majority of Laotians live on farms. But with foreign investors wanting to buy up land, local people will have to be moved to make room for them. Heavily dependent on both foreign aid and foreign investment, Laos still falls well behind its neighbours. Its biggest economic problem is the lack of locally trained skilled workforce.But there are reasons to be hopeful for the future. Laos is beautiful, and foreign tourism continues to grow. Although all local media are government-run, the Internet is not controlled and the BBC and CNN are Available to those with satellite dishes.The government has also achieved impressive results in rural development, with communities benefiting not just from cleaner water but the construction of new schools and regular visits from medical teams. Poverty will not be history in Laos within the next decade, but with small steps forward and a bit of outside help, the country could find itself out of the UN's least-developed category by 2180.(Note: Answer the quesTlOns or complete the statements in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS.) 81. What is putting pressure on the local supply of clean water?82. ____________________________ is the most serious limitation on Laos' economic growth.。

2018年上海市松江区高三英语一模卷和参考答案

2018年上海市松江区高三英语一模卷(满分140分,完卷时间120分钟)2017.12I.Listening ComprehensionSection A(10分)Directions:In Section A,you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation,a question will be asked about what was said.The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a conversation and the question about it,read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.A.At a concert.B.In a restaurant.C.In a flower shop.D.In a supermarket.2.A.15.B.50.C.85.D.100.3.A.Excited.B.Interested.C.Entertained.D.Disappointed.4.A.Because her boss will return her the money after seeing the receipt.B.Because her boss asks her to buy a lot of things.C.Because she wants to establish a standard procedure in her company.D.Because she wants to check everything she has bought.5.A.Go on with the chat.B.Review his lessons.C.Connect with his friends.D.Talk with his friends face to face.6.A.He is always in a good mood.B.He has spent more money than expected.C.He is good at playing the piano.D.He’s pleased with his purchase.7.A.Mr.White’s new appointment.B.Mr.White’s vacation.C.An important vacant position.D.How to apply for a job.8.A.Her shoes will be in stock next month.B.She is longing for the shoes that are currently unavailable.C.She is unwilling to wait for a long time.D.She ca n’t bear waiting.9.A.Policeman and car driver. B.Librarian and student.C.Doctor and patient.D.Post clerk and customer.10.A.John will deliver a presentation tomorrow about a new electronic device.B.The clients are very nervous about the quality of the new car.C.Tracy’s presentation is about a type of new electric car.D.Tracy is nervous because this electric car hasn’t received positive feedback before.Section B(15分)Directions:In Section B,you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice,but the questions will be spoken only once.When you hear a question,read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions11through13are based on the following news.11.A.Because man makes us of only20%of the brain’s capacity.B.Because the other80%of man’s brain will grow in due time.C.Because man’brain has grown larger over the past centuries.D.Because man will use his brain more and more as time goes on.12.A.He thinks and feels in different ways.B.He has smaller eyes and wears better glasses.C.He has no hair because it is no longer useful.D.His fingers grow weaker because he doesn’t use them.13.A.M an’s life will be different in the future.B.Future man will look different from us.C.Man is growing taller and uglier as time goes by.D.The fun ctions of man’s organs will function as well as today.Questions14through16are based on the following passage.14.A.Reading magazine articles. B.Preparing book reports.C.Writing research papers.D.Selecting information sources.15.A.Gathering nonrelevant information. B.Stealing another person’s ideas.C.Sharing notes with someone else.D.Handing in assignments late.16.A.In the student’s own words.B.In direct quotations.C.In short phrases.D.In shorthand.Questions17through20are based on the following conversation.17.A.Checking the room. B.Arranging a large conference.C.Running a hotel.D.Handling a complaint.18.A.There is no lavatory paper.B.The toilet doesn’t flush properly.C.The water doesn’t run away in the shower.D.There is no pillow in the room.19.A.Busy. B.Unhappy. C.Excited. D.Hot.20.A.Adjust the regulator. B.fix the toilet and shower.C.Send the lavatory paper.D.Send a cake and fruit.II.Grammar and VocabularySection A(10分)Directions:After reading the passage below,fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct.For the blanks with a given word,fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word;for the other blanks,use one word that best fits each blank.One of my(21)________(memorable)vacations took place on a farm.When I was a boy,my parents and I traveled from New York City to the Pennsylvania countryside for a weeklong taste of rural life.We stayed in a guesthouse on a farm,(22) ________(join)in the daily routines and eating meals with the farmer and his family.We got up early to see the cows as they(23)________(milk).I even tried my hand at milking one,and then joined the farmer as he released the cows into the field afterward.Decades later I still have vivid memories of that trip and of experiencing a lifestyle so different(24)________my own.It made me realize the value of a vacation.To this day,I wonder(25)________that farmer ever managed to enjoy a vacation of his own.There is never a day when the animals don’t need to be fed.But I still think of that family trip when I plan my approach to taking time off with my wife and kids.Vacations are a time for resting and connecting.As a bank manager,I spend much of my workday encouraging my customers to save their money.One of the reasons I give is that we should all have enough for a family vacation every year.In our busy lives,family is what we(26)________be saving our money and time for.For my family,our vacation starts when we begin planning the trip.We talk about destinations and our budget ahead of time.Among the things we discuss:Can we save money by renting a house instead of spending six nights in a hotel?Would it be better(27) ________(buy)groceries and cook for ourselves rather than eat out every night?(28)________(involve)the kids in planning the vacation makes sure that they havea great vacation too.I prefer to visit historical sites and museums while they love to fish and swim.So I build in some relaxation time for us all(29)________________the vacation can work for everyone.Each year,setting aside vacation time to spend together is especiallyimportant to us.This is th e one week a year I don’t care whether my kids clean their room or do the dishes.(30)________matters that week is that everyone is having a great time.Each year,setting aside vacation time to spend together is especially important to us. This is th e one week a year I don’t care whether my kids clean their room or do the dishes.(30)________matters that week is that everyone is having a great time.Section B(10分)Directions:Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box.Each word can be used only once.Note that there is one word more than you need.The human face is a remarkable piece of work.The astonishing variety of facial31 helps people recognize each other and is crucial to the formation of complex societies.So is the face’s ability to send emotional32,whether through a(n)33blush or a false smile.People spend much of their waking lives,in the office and the courtroom as well as the bar and the bedroom,reading faces,for signs of attraction,hostility and trust.Technology is rapidly catching up with the human ability to read faces.In America facial recognition is used by churches to34worshippers’attendance;in Britain, by retailers to spot past shoplifters.This year Welsh police used it to arrest a(n)35 outside a football game.In China it verifies the identities of ride-hailing drivers,36 tourists to enter attractions and lets people pay for things with a smile.Apple’s new iPhone is expected to use it to37the homescreen.Set against human skills,such applications might seem gradual.Some breakthroughs,such as flight or the Internet,obviously transform human abilities;facial recognition seems merely to encode them.Although faces are38to individuals, they are also public,so technology does not,at first sight,intrude on something that is private.And yet the ability to record,39and analyze images of faces cheaply, quickly and on a vast40promises one day to bring about fundamental changes to notions of privacy,fairness and trust.III.Reading ComprehensionSection A(15分)Directions:For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A,B,C and D.Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.The notion of building brand personality is promoted by Starbucks as a part of company culture to embed meaning in their products and thus attract more customers.Starbucks literally changed the definition of“a good cup of coffee”.For Starbucks,the brand had three elements:coffee41and stores.Strict control over the quality and processing of the beans42that the coffee would be of the highest possible quality.Outstanding store personnel were employed and trained in coffee knowledge and 43service.Store design,atmosphere and aroma(浓香)all44the“Starbucks Experience”.Almost all Starbucks stores were corporately owned and controlled.Starbucks prided itself on the―Starbucks Experience‖,45coffee to provide a unique experience for its customers.46those traditional coffee houses providing you with the grab-and-go service, Starbucks provides you with more than coffee.You get great people,first-rate music,a comfortable and upbeat meeting place,and47advice on brewing excellent coffee at home.At home you’re part of a family.At work you’re part of a company.And somewhere in between is a place where you can sit back and be yourself.That’s what a Starbucks store has been48to creating for its customers—a kind of―third place‖where they can49,reflect,read,chat or listen.The green Starbucks logo is a mermaid that looks like the end of the double image of the sea.It was designed by Terry Heckler,who got the50from the wooden statue of the sea.Mermaid logo also51original and modern meanings:her face is very simple,but with modern abstract forms of packaging;the middle is black and white, the only color on the outside surrounded by a circle.Starbucks makes the typical American culture gradually broken down into elements of52:the visual warmth,hearing the way,smelling the aroma of coffee and so on. Just think,through the huge glass windows,watching the crowded streets,53 sipping a coffee flavor,which is in line with the―Yapi‖,the feeling of experience in the54life.But the55of Starbuc ks is not about the coffee,although it’s great coffee. Coffee is only a carrier.Coffee consumption,to a great extent,is an emotional and cultural level of consumption.41.A.people B.managers C.customers D.clients42.A.assured B.promised C.ensured D.predicted43.A.emergency B.environment C.employment D.customer44.A.consisted of B.benefited from C.contributed to D.headed for45.A.going beyond ing across C.making up D.depending on46.A.With regard to B.In addition to pared with D.In terms of47.A.general B.reasonable C.legal D.fascinatingmitted B.alerted C.subjected D.required49.A.negotiate B.perform C.conceal D.escape50.A.imagination B.inspiration C.patent D.philosophy51.A.creates B.cultivates C.credits D.conveys52.A.brand B.logo C.possession D.experience53.A.greedily B.gently C.persistently D.indifferently54.A.busy B.easy C.miserable D.energetic55.A.product B.vision C.essence D.importanceSection B(22分)Directions:Read the following three passages.Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A,B, C and D.Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Men are as likely as women to suffer from postnatal(产后的)depression,a study shows.One in ten fathers—the same ratios as mothers—are found to suffer before or after birth.By the time their child reaches12weeks,as many as one in four are feeling down.The symptoms observed in the American study are not thought to be hormonal—as they are in women—and are instead probably a response to the pressures of fatherhood. These include the expense of having children,changed relationship with partners and fear of paternal(父亲的)responsibility.In the early weeks,the lack of sleep and extra domestic chores also take the toll.The study put the overall rate of depression among new fathers at10.4percent—double the estimated4.8percent for all men in any12-month period.Around8percent were affected in the12weeks before and after birth,according to the Eastern Virginia Medical School Research.The study found parents were more likely to be down if their partner was too.It is estimated that around one in ten women suffers postnatal depression,even if they have never had mental health problems.Without treatment the condition can last for months.Although most women have a few days of―Baby Blues‖shortly after birth, postnatal depression can kick in up to six months later.Experts say that paternal depression is serious because it can have―substantial emotional,behavioural and developmental‖effects on children.56.The―Baby Blues‖effect among fathers may be caused by the following except __________.A.domestic choresB.fatherhood pressureC.paternal responsibilityD.hormone imbalance57.What does the underlined phrase“take the toll”in paragraph2mean?A.Cost a lot of money.B.Take the lead.C.Have a bad effect.D.Have no links.58.Which could be the best title for the passage?A.Therapy for DepressionB.Father Getting Baby BluesC.Effects of Father BluesD.Postnatal Recovery59.Which way is most suitable for Mary,who can just spare one day to travel around Singapore?A.Night Safari.B.DUCK.C.City Sightseeing.D.Flyer.60.If David and his9-year-old son are both animal lovers,they had better dial___________formore information before their tour.A.6338-6877B.6338-6859C.6338-3311D.6338-682661.Mr.Smith is going to take his wife,his13-year-old daughter and his1-year-old son to visitSingapore at their own leisurely pace,he should get at least___________ready.A.$89B.$99C.$91D.$10162.Which organization in Singapore is most likely to issue the information above?cation Commission.B.Health Department.C.Transportation Bureau.D.Tourism Bureau.(C)Antibiotics,vaccines,organ transplant and HIV/AIDS treatments are all medical milestones that have indisputably made life better and saved millions of lives.But all these advances and countless others were developed using animals.The latest eye shadow and other cosmetics and industrial chemicals are also developed with animal testing.The lab animal issue has received attention in China in recent years as more people are concerned about animals’rights.China has no animal welfare laws prohibiting cruelty to animals,but there are standards(1986and2006)for humane treatment of lab animals, though these are difficult to enforce.World Day for Laboratory Animals was established in1979by the British National Anti-Vivisection Society,memorializing millions of animals that contributed to pure science,medicine,industry,fashion and the cosmetics industry.It’s also a day of action to protest the use of live animals for experiments from lab rats and dogs to cattle and primates(灵长类动物).Thousands of activists worldwide are campaigning to raise awareness and demand an end to experimentation with animals,though there are few effective alternatives.The British Union for the Abolition of Vivisection estimates that100million vertebrates(脊椎动物)are used in experiments every year,10to11million in the European Union.This doesn’t include mice,rats,frogs and animals not yet weaned.There are no reliable figures for China where specially bred animals are used extensively for research.Some date indicate around16million vertebrates were used in2006.Three Rs principle Thousands of activists worldwide are campaigning to raise awareness and demand an end to experimentation with animals,though there are few effective alternatives.The British Union for the Abolition of Vivisection estimates that100million vertebrates(脊椎动物)are used in experiments every year,10to11million in the European Union.This doesn’t include mice,rats,frogs and animals not yet weaned.There are no reliable figures for China where specially bred animals are used extensively for research.Some date indicate around16million vertebrates were used in2006.Three Rs principleThe three Rs are principles for lab animal welfare proposed by microbiologist RL Burch and zo ologist W.M.S.Russel in1959.They are―reduction,refinement and replacement‖and scientists are encouraged to follow them.*Reduce the number of animals by improving experimental techniques and increasing information sharing among researchers.*Refine experiments and treatment to reduce suffering;use less invasive techniques, improve care and living conditions.*Replace experiments on live animals with alternative testing where possible.―But the three Rs suggests general acquiescence(默许)in animal experimentation,‖says astatement by Animal Rights in Chine(ARC),set up in2006by over3000campaigners who have been urging the use of alternatives.The alternatives activists advocate include using cell cultures instead of whole animals,using phototoxicity tests on chemicals to predict their effects on humans,using computer models,studying human volunteers and working on isolated tissues.These approaches can be useful but they can’t provide the answers that animal research can.―Animal experiment ation is a basic,very important method in life science study and biomedical research and in some specific fields,so it is irreplaceable,‖says Yang Fei, deputy director of the Animal Experimentation Department of Fudan University.Yang has worked on regulating and standardizing animal testing for over15years.He says testing on primates is still necessary because their immune system is very similar to that of humans.They are needed to develop drugs for malaria,HIV/AIDS and infections such as SARS,he says,though admitting the approach is not perfect.63.According to the passage,___________may not be related to animal testing.A.Cough mixturesB.Genetically modified riceC.Dior LipsticksD.Artificial livers64.World Day for Laboratory animals was set up for the following reasons except ___________.A.to call for better experimental techniques to reduce sufferingsB.to memorialize the animals sacrificed in the labsC.to raise awareness of animal rightD.to offer the activists a chance to raise their objections to the use of animals’forexperiments65.Why W.M.S Russel advocated researchers to share more information?A.Because researchers can better cooperate with each other to eliminate animal testing.B.Because researchers can turn to alternatives to replace animal testing.C.Because researchers can avoid repeating similar testing on animals.D.Because researchers can make the animal testing more effective.66.___________is the biggest obstacle to cancelling animal testing.ck of enough fundck of human awarenessck of supportive statisticsck of effective alternativesSection C(8分)Directions:Read the following passage.Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box.Each sentence can be used only once.Note that there are two more sentences than you need.Overnight,eating fried chicken in the People’s Square is OUT;instead,people started to drink HEEKCAA and eat Bao Master.This year,the qu eues in front of the doors of―Wanghong delicacies‖were so dense that a cup of tea has been hyped to over80 Yuan by scalpers(黄牛)and local bloggers even customized a one-day tour to eat in Shanghai.To a great extent,W anghong phenomenon depends on merchants’business strategy.______67______.Business also works on publicity.Before HEEKCAA’s arrival in Shanghai,it has advertised through microblog,local life service and other self-media, which has generated a certain amount of heat among the public.Once people make the purchase,the―sense of accomplishment‖will urge some of them to show off at their Wechat moments,which is good for brand image.Also,when a product is quickly recognized by consumers,capitals will come in great numbers.The boost of capitals undoubtedly helps the subsequent publicity of the brand.______68______.In the Internet era,the spread of information is so fast that it doesn’t matter whether the tea tastes good or bad;it’s just a matter of whether you ever drink it.There is a word for this behavior—―fomo‖,which means fear of missing out. Oxford University professor said this is not new.As social animals,humans have a strong desire to be part of a group,to be accepted,recognized,valued and remembered.A little baby cries for a hug and a child makes small trouble to get noticed.These behaviors are, in the eyes of sociologists,anxious for existence.It’s just that social media today that make it easier for people to perceive other pe ople’s lives,and have a sense of loss not to join them when they know what others are doing.10-20Yuan is the exchange value of milk tea,but it’s the symbol va lue of the goods that encourages people to―pull the grass‖.Just like the lipstick,mailbox a nd graffiti wall that have been on the list of Wanghong,people want to use relatively controllable spending to gain satisfaction from a moments’thumb up.______69______.With the development of society,consumers are not just buying a product but its brand culture and quality of life,so the appearance of light consuming is inevitable.However,―Wanghong economy‖is always short-lived because this consumer group is changeable in affection.Consumers who co me by―physical attractiveness‖will quickly vanis h if there is no implicit value or connotation to support.______70______. Besides,consumers should make rational consumption instead of just following the trend.With the development of society,consumers are not just buying a product but its brand culture and quality of life,so the appearance of light consuming is inevitable. However,―Wanghong economy‖is always short-lived because this consumer group is changeable in affection.Consumers who co me by―physical attractiveness‖will quickly vanis h if there is no implicit value or connotation to support.______70______.Besides, consumers should make rational consumption instead of just following the trend.IV.Summary Writing(10分)Directions:Read the following passage.Summarize the main idea and the main point(s)of the passage in no more e your own words as far as possible.When a rather dirty,poorly dressed person kneels at your feet and puts out his hands to beg for a few coins,do you hurry on,not knowing what to do,or do you feel sad and hurriedly hand over some money?What should our attitude to beggars be?There can be no question that the world is full of terribly sad stories.It must be terrible to have noidea where our next meal is going to come from.It seems cruel not to give some money to beggars.Certainly,most of the world’s great religions order us to be open hearted and share what we have with those less fortunate than ourselves.But has the world changed? Maybe what was morally right in the old days,when one knew exactly who in the village had suffered misfortune and needed help,is no longer the best idea.Quite a few people will not give to beggars.Let us look at their arguments.First,some believe that many city beggars dress up on purpose to look pitiable and actually make a good living from begging.Giving to beggars only encourages this sort of evil.Secondly,there is the worry that the money you give will be spent on beer,wine or drugs.Thirdly,there is the opinion that there is no real excuse for begging.One might be poor,but that is no reason for losing one’s sense of pride and self-dependence.Related to this is the opinion that the problem should be dealt with by the government rather than ordinary people.Some people think beggars should go to the local government department and receive help.It is hard to come to any final conclusion;there are various cases and we must deal with them differently.A few coins can save a life in some situations,and even if the money is wasted,that does not take away the moral goodness of the giver.V.Translation(15分)Directions:Translate the following sentences into English,using the words given in the brackets.72.我们在国外旅游时,应当遵循当地的风俗。

松江区高三英语一模卷答案

听力材料和参考答案I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.W: Oh, No, it’s still out of order!M: I’m afraid we will have to walk up all those stairs again today.Q: What are these two people talking about?2. W: Mr. Smith, this is your schedule for tomorrow. You’ll be leaving Shanghai at five.M: All right. Have you reserved a room for our customer yet?Q: What is the possible relationship between the two speakers?3. M: What’s your hobby? Stamp collecting, reading or something else?W: No, nothing special. I often take pictures during holidays, but I’m afraid I’m a badphotographer.Q: What is the woman’s hobby?4. M: I’m not quite sure how to put this. But about that calculator you let me use, I dropped it. And now the “ON” button doesn’t light up.W: Oh! That’s OK. It hasn’t been working right for some time.Q: What is the man’s problem?5. W: It’s a pity that the football match had already begun when I got home.M: When did you get home?W: It was a quarter to eight, and it had started an hour earlier.Q: When did the football match start?6. W: Let’s see if you can find books by the authors your grandpa liked asa teenager.M: Haha. But first of all, I want to google the books to see if I like the story lines.Q: What is the man going to do?7 W: Let’s take out the extra desks. There are only eight judges for our contest.M: I think we’d better leave some for the students who are taking part in the contest.Q: What are the speakers doing?8. M: Wow, I really envy you, Shelly.W: Well, it’s for business. In fact, I’m sick and tired of restaurant food. Sometimes I just wanta home-made meal.Q: What can we learn about Shelly?9. W: Did you attend Amy’s presentation last night? It was the first time for her to give a speech to a large audience.M: How she could be so calm in front of so many people is really beyond me!Q: What do we learn from the conversation?10. W: Hi, Harry. You’ve travelled a lot recently. When did you come back to China?M: I just came back from France this morning. I stayed there for half a month. But before that I travelled in Italy for ten days, and I am flying to Japan in two days.Q: Where is the man now?Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.Mr. Jackson had to travel somewhere on business and as he was in a hurry, he decided to go by air. He liked to sit beside a window when he was flying. So, when he got into the plane, he looked for a window seat. He found all of them had already been taken except one. There was a soldier sitting in the seat beside this one and Mr. Jackson was happy that he had not taken the one by the window; but, anyhow, he at once went towards it.When he reached it, however, he saw there was a notice on it. It was written in ink and said “This seat is reserved for proper load balance. Thank you.”Mr. Jackson had never seen such a notice in a plane before, but he thought that the plane must be carrying something heavy in its baggage room which made it necessary to have the passengers properly balanced, so he walked on and found another empty seat, not beside a window, to sit in.Then, when the plane was quite full, a very beautiful girl stepped into the plane. The soldier quickly took the notice off the seat beside him and in this way succeeded in having the girl beside him during the whole trip. (Now listen again, please)Questions:11. What was Mr. Jackson happy to find when he got on the plane?12. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?13. What did Mr. Jackson find out in the end?Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.China has introduced various emergency responses and long-term measures against air pollution in the central and eastern regions.According to the report, the air quality index reading for Xi’an, capital of Shanxi Province, reached 500 last Wednesday afternoon. That was at the top of the air quality index, or AQI scale and indicating severe pollution.Smog still covered the city and the AQI at Thursday noon was 417, making Xi’an the second most polluted city in the region after Xingtai in Hebei Province at 491.A city government emergency response plan was carried out, delaying all construction and taking at least 50 percent of government vehicles off the road. Power plants must limit their output and reduce emissions.In December, nearly half the country, including Beijing and more than 100 cities in 20 provinces, suffered from smog. Many have taken action, including experimenting with artificial methods to reduce smog, limiting vehicle use and charging a fine for pollution.(Now listen again, please)Questions:14. What do we learn about the air quality last Thursday from the news report?15. How many cities suffered from smog in China?16. Which of the following is not the measure taken against the air pollution? Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.M: Hello, and welcome to our program, “Working Abroad”. Our guest this evening is a Londoner, who lives and works in Italy. Her name’s Susan Hill. Susan, welcome to the program. You live in Florence. How long have you been living there?W: Since 1982. But when I went there in 1982, I planned to stay for only 6 months.M: Why did you change your mind?W: Well, I’m a designer. I design leather goods, mainly shoes and handbags. Soon after I arrived in Florence, I got a job with one of Italy’s top fashion houses, Ferregamo. So, I decided to stay.M: How lucky! Do you still work for Ferregamo?W: No, I’ve been a freelance designer for quite a long time now, since 1988, in fact.M: So does that mean you design for several different companies now?W: Yes, that’s right. I’ve designed many fashion items for a number of Italian companies, and in the last four years, I’ve also been designing for the British company, Burberry.M: What have you been designing for them?W: Mostly handbags and small leather goods.M: How’s the fashion industry in Italy changed since 1982?W: Oh, it’s become a lot more competitive because the quality of products from other countries has improved a lot. But Italian quality and design is still world-famous.M: And do you ever think of returning to live in England?W: No, not really. Working in Italy is more interesting. I also love the Mediterranean sun and the Italian life style.M: Well, thank you for talking to us, Susan.W: It was a pleasure.(Now listen again, please)Questions:17. Where does this talk most probably take place?18. What was the woman’s original plan when she went to Florence?19. What has the woman been doing for a living since 1988?20. What do we learn about the change in Italy’s fashion industry?参考答案I. Listening Comprehension1------10 DBDBA DCCAB11----13 CBA 14----16 CAC 17----20 ABAB II．Grammar and Vocabulary21. with 22. could 23. written 24. until25. reaching26. the most fantastic 27. who 28. his 29. As long as/So long as 30. to do31----40 GFIDC ABKEJIII. Reading ComprehensionSection A 41----45 DBADA 46----50 CCCBD 51----55 BCBCDSection B(A) 56----59 CACD (B) 60----62 CBD (C) 63----66 ACBDSection C(D) 67----70 BDFEIV. Summary WritingThe story is about a boy maturing overnight. A drug store owner found something stolen by Alfred and called his mother. Surprisingly, the mother took this calmly and the boss decided to let this go. At home, he was about to show his pride in the mother’s calmness when he saw a deeply-worried mother, which greatly shocked him. (58 words)V. Translation72. This/It is the first time that he has commented on / has made commentson my clothes seriously.73. Living in school on campus enables students to devote more time and energyto their academic work.74. What concerns me most is that the kid seems to be blind to / to turn ablind eye to everything around him but online games.75. It was because she failed to resist the temptation of money and fame thatthe famous actress broke the laws and in the end had to pay a high price for it.VI. Guided Writing。

凯文老师,凯文老师,2018年12月上海松江区高三英语一模答案

2018年12月上海市松江区高中高三英语一模答案1------10 DBDBA DCCAB11----13 CBA 14----16 CAC 17----20 ABAB21. with 22. could 23. written 24. until 25.reaching26. the most fantastic 27. who 28. his 29. As long as/So long as 30. to do31----40 GFIDC ABKEJ32-41----45 DBADA 46----50 CCCBD 51----55 BCBCD(A)56----59 CACD (B) 60----62 CBD (C) 63----66 ACBD33-D) 67----70 BDFEIV. Summary WritingThe story is about a boy maturing overnight. A drug store owner found something stolen by Alfred and called his mother. Surprisingly, the mother took this calmly and the boss decided to let this go. At home, he was about to show his pride in the mother’s calmness when he saw a deeply-worried mother, which greatly shocked him. (58 words)V.Translation72. This/It is the first time that he has commented on / has made comments on my clothes seriously.73. Living in school on campus enables students to devote more time and energy to their academic work.74. What concerns me most is that the kid seems to be blind to / to turn a blind eye to everything around him but online games.75. It was because she failed to resist the temptation of money and fame that the famous actress broke the laws and in the end had to pay a high price for it.。

上海市松江区2018高三一模英语

实用文档松江区2017学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷高三英语（满分140分，完卷时间120分钟）2017.12I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10分）In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers.Directions:At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear aconversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper,and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a concert. B. In a restaurant.C. In a flower shop.D.In a supermarket.D. 100.C. 85. 2. A. 15. B. 50.C. Entertained.B. Interested. D.3. A. Excited.Disappointed.4. A. Because her boss will return her the money after seeing the receipt.B. Because her boss asks her to buy a lot of things.C. Because she wants to establish a standard procedure in her company.D. Because she wants to check everything she has bought.B. Review his lessons.5. A. Go on with the chat.C. Connect with his friends. face. face TalkD. with his friends to6. A. He is always in a good mood. than money He B. has spent moreexpected.with pleased his C. He is good at playing the piano. purchase.s He D. 's vacation. B. Mr. White s new appointment. 7. A. Mr. White''D. How to apply for a job.C. An important vacant position.8. A. Her shoes will be in stock next month.B. She is longing for the shoes that are currently unavailable.C. She is unwilling to wait for a long time.t bear waiting. 'D. She canB. Librarian and student. 9. A. Policeman and car driver.D. Post clerk and customer.C. Doctor and patient.10. A. John will deliver a presentation tomorrow about a new electronic device.实用文档B. The clients are very nervous about the quality of the new car.C. Tracy's presentation is about a type of new electric car.D. Tracy is nervous because this electric car hasn't received positive feedback before.Section B （15分）In Section B, you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, Directions:and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following news.11. A. Because man makes us of only 20% of the brain's capacity.B. Because the other 80% of man's brain will grow in due time.C. Because man' brain has grown larger over the past centuries.D. Because man will use his brain more and more as time goes on.12. A. He thinks and feels in different ways.B. He has smaller eyes and wears better glasses.C. He has no hair because it is no longer useful.D. His fingers grow weaker because he doesn't use them.13. A. Man's life will be different in the future.B. Future man will look different from us.C. Man is growing taller and uglier as time goes by.D. The functions of man's organs will function as well as today.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Reading magazine articles. B. Preparing book reports.D. Selecting C. Writing research papers. information sources.15. A. Gathering nonrelevant information. ' B. Stealing another persons ideas.D. Handing in assignments late. C. Sharing notes with someone else.B. In direct quotations. s own words. 16. A. In the student'D. In shorthand.C. In short phrases.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.B. Arranging a large conference. 17. A. Checking the room.D. Handling a complaint. C. Running a hotel.18. A. There is no lavatory paper. B. The toilet doesn ' t flush实用文档properly.D. There is no pillow int run away in the shower. C. The water doesn'the room.B. Unhappy. 19. A. Busy.D. Hot. C. Excited.20. A. Adjust the regulator. B. fix the toilet and shower.D. Send a cake and fruit.C. Send the lavatory paper.II. Grammar and Vocabulary10分）Section A （make the passageAfter reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to Directions:coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one wordthat best fits each blank.One of my (21) ________ (memorable) vacations took place on a farm.When I was a boy, my parents and I traveled from New York City to the Pennsylvania countryside for a weeklong taste of rural life. We stayed in a guesthouse on a farm, (22) ________ (join) in the daily routines and eating meals with the farmer and his family. We got up early to see the cows as they (23) ________ (milk). I even triedmy hand at milking one, and then joined the farmer as he released the cows into the field afterward.Decades later I still have vivid memories of that trip and of experiencing alifestyle so different (24) ________ my own. It made me realize the value of a vacation.To this day, I wonder (25) ________ that farmer ever managed to enjoy a vacationof his own. There is never a day when the animals don't need to be fed. But I stillthink of that family trip when I plan my approach to taking time off with my wifeand kids. Vacations are a time for resting and connecting. As a bank manager, I spend much of my workday encouraging my customers to save their money. One of the reasons I give is that we should all have enough for a family vacation every year. In ourbusy lives, family is what we (26) ________ be saving our money and time for.For my family, our vacation starts when we begin planning the trip. We talk about destinations and our budget ahead of time. Among the things we discuss: Can we save money by renting a house instead of spending six nights in a hotel? Would it be better(27) ________ (buy) groceries and cook for ourselves rather than eat out every night?(28) ________ (involve) the kids in planning the vacation makes sure that theyhave a great vacation too. I prefer to visit historical sites and museums while they实用文档love to fish and swim. So I build in some relaxation time for us all (29) ________________ the vacation can work for everyone.important especially together is vacation time to spend Each year, setting asidet care whether my kids clean their room to us. This is the one week a year I don'great having a is that everyone is do the dishes. (30) ________ matters that week ortime.10分）Section B （Fill in each blank with a proper word chosen from the box. Each word Directions:can be used only once. Note that there is one word more than you need.human face is a remarkable piece of work. The astonishing variety of facial The31 helps people recognize each other and is crucial to the formation of complexs ability to send emotional 32 , whether through societies. So is the face'a(n) 33 blush or a false smile. People spend much of their waking lives, inthe office and the courtroom as well as the bar and the bedroom, reading faces, forsigns of attraction, hostility and trust.America In to read faces. the rapidly Technology is catching up with human abilityattendance; in facial recognition is used by churches to 34 worshippers'Britain, by retailers to spot past shoplifters. This year Welsh police used it toarrest a(n) 35 outside a football game. In China it verifies the identitiespay drivers, 36 tourists of ride-hailing to enter attractions lets people ands new iPhone is expected to use it to 37 the 'for things with a smile. Applehomescreen.Some such gradual. applications might seem skills, human Set againstabilities; flight such breakthroughs, as or transform obviously the Internet, humanfacial recognition seems merely to encode them. Although faces are 38 toindividuals, they are also public, so technology does not, at first sight, intrudeon something that is private. And yet the ability to record, 39 and analyzeimages of faces cheaply, quickly and on a vast 40 promises one day to bringabout fundamental changes to notions of privacy, fairness and trust.实用文档III. Reading ComprehensionSection A （15分）For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrasesDirections:marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits thecontext.The notion of building brand personality is promoted by Starbucks as a part ofcompany culture to embed meaning in their products and thus attract more customers.Starbucks literally changed the definition of “a good cup of coffee”. ForStarbucks, the brand had three elements: coffee, 41 and stores. Strictbeans 42 that the coffee would quality and processing of the control over thebe of the highest possible quality. Outstanding store personnel were employed andtrained in coffee knowledge and 43 service. Store design, atmosphere and aroma(浓香) all 44 the “Starbucks Experience”.Almost all Starbucks stores were corporately owned and controlled. Starbucksprided itself on the “Starbucks Experience”, 45 coffee to provide a uniqueexperience for its customers.46 those traditional coffee houses providing you with the grab-and-goservice, Starbucks provides you with more than coffee. You get great people,first-rate music, a comfortable and upbeat meeting place, and 47 advice onbrewing excellent coffee at home. At home you're part of a family. At work you're part of a company. And somewhere in between is a place where you can sit backand be yourself. That's what a Starbucks store has been 48 to creating forits customers —a kind of “third place”where they can 49 , reflect, read,chat or listen.The green Starbucks logo is a mermaid that looks like the end of the double imageof the sea. It was designed by Terry Heckler, who got the 50 from the woodenstatue of the sea. Mermaid logo also 51 original and modern meanings: her faceis very simple, but with modern abstract forms of packaging; the middle is blackand white, the only color on the outside surrounded by a circle.Starbucks makes the typical American culture gradually broken down into elementsof 52 : the visual warmth, hearing the way, smelling the aroma of coffee and soon. Just think, through the huge glass windows, watching the crowded streets, 53sipping a coffee flavor, which is in line with the “Yapi”, the feeling of experiencein the 54 life.实用文档But the 55 of Starbucks is not about the coffee, although it's great coffee. Coffee is only a carrier. Coffee consumption, to a great extent, is an emotional and cultural level of consumption.41.A. people B. managersC. customersD.clientsD. predicted42.A. assured C. ensured B. promisedD. customerB. environment A. emergencyC. employment 43.44.A. consisted of B. benefited from C. contributed to D.headed forD.45.A. going beyond C. making upB. coming acrossdepending onD.A. With regard to C. Compared withB. In addition to 46.In terms ofD.47. C. legalB. reasonable A. generalfascinatingD.C. subjectedA. committedB. alerted 48.requiredD. escapeB. perform A. negotiateC. conceal 49. A. imagination 50.D.B. inspirationC. patentphilosophyD.C. credits 51.A. creates B. cultivatesconveysD.C. possession A. brand 52. B. logoexperienceD.A. greedily 53.C. persistentlyB. gentlyindifferentlyD. energetic 54. B. easy C. miserable A. busyB. vision A. product 55.D.C. essenceimportance（Section B 22分）Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several Directions:questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices markedA, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given inthe passage you have just read.实用文档(A)postnatal (产后的) depression, a women to suffer from study Men are as likely asshows. One in ten fathers —the same ratios as mothers —are found to suffer beforeor after birth. By the time their child reaches 12 weeks, as many as one in fourare feeling down.The symptoms observed in the American study are not thought to be hormonal —as they are in women —and are instead probably a response to the pressures of fatherhood. These include the expense of having children, changed relationship with partners and fear of paternal (父亲的) responsibility. In the early weeks, the lacktake the toll.of sleep and extra domestic chores alsoThe study put the overall rate of depression among new fathers at 10.4 percent—double the estimated 4.8 percent for all men in any 12-month period. Around 8percent were affected in the 12 weeks before and after birth, according to the Eastern Virginia Medical School Research. The study found parents were more likely to bedown if their partner was too.It is estimated that around one in ten women suffers postnatal depression, evenif they have never had mental health problems. Without treatment the condition canlast for months. Although most women have a few days of “Baby Blues”shortly after birth, postnatal depression can kick in up to six months later. Experts say thatpaternal depression is serious because it can have “substantial emotional,behavioural and developmental”effects on children.56. The “Baby Blues”effect among fathers may be caused by the following except__________.A. domestic choresB. fatherhood pressureC. paternal responsibilityD. hormone imbalancetake the toll”in paragraph 2 mean?“57. What does the underlined phraseA. Cost a lot of money.B. Take the lead.C. Have a bad effect.D. Have no links.58. Which could be the best title for the passage?A. Therapy for DepressionB. Father Getting Baby BluesC. Effects of Father Blues实用文档D. Postnatal Recovery1 Day (unlimited rides)Duration: Civic District, Orchard Road, Botanic Gardens, Attractions:Little India,Chinatown & more along the City &Heritage routesIt is easy to enjoy Singapore with the City Sightseeing open-top touring system.Spot an interesting place or sight? Simply hop off and walk around and you canWith 1 bus arriving every 20 continue the tour later by hopping on the next bus.and attractions major sights, to City Sightseeing system links you minutes, thehotels!* Guests Helpline: 6338-6877DUCK$33/A, $23/C, $2/T5:30 pm Daily: 9:30 am —60 minutesDuration:amphibious) craft 两栖的Ride the original DUCK! Hop on this (for a sightseeing tour which covers both land and sea!* Free bus transfer; most popular tour; 1st and original DUCK; unique land & seaadventure* For More Information, call 6338-6859Safari) Night 旅行($49/A, $33/C, FREE/T10:00 pmTour Time: 6:00 pm —4 hoursDuration:nocturnal夜行(Observe the night activities of the 1,000 overwildlifeworld's first –in 的) animals the Night Safari thell never forget. night park, for an adventure you'* Free & Easy with 2-way bus transfer* For More Information, call 6338-6826Flyer$53/A, $37/C, FREE/T9:00 pmOpen Hours: Daily 9:00 am —30 minutesDuration:s magnificent cityscape from a 'Feast your eyes on Singapores largest observation wheel. Get 'height of 165m on the world实用文档around travel day to one Mary, who can just spare 59. Which way is most suitable forSingapore?B. DUCK. A. Night Safari.C. City Sightseeing.D. Flyer.60. If David and his 9-year-old son are both animal lovers, they had better dial___________ for more information before their tour.B. 6338-6859 A. 6338-6877D. 6338-6826C. 6338-33111-year-old and his his 13-year-old daughter take Mr. Smith is going to his wife, 61.son to visit Singapore at their own leisurely pace, he should get at least___________ ready.B. $99 A. $89D. $101C. $9162. Which organization in Singapore is most likely to issue the information above?A. Education Commission.B. Health Department.C. Transportation Bureau.D. Tourism Bureau.(C)medical all treatments organ vaccines, transplant and HIV/AIDS are Antibiotics,But lives. millions of saved made milestones that have indisputably life better andall these advances and countless others were developed using animals. The latesteye shadow and other cosmetics and industrial chemicals are also developed withanimal testing.The lab animal issue has received attention in China in recent years as morerights. China has no animal welfare laws 'people are concerned about animalsprohibiting cruelty to animals, but there are standards (1986 and 2006) for humanetreatment of lab animals, though these are difficult to enforce.National British 1979 established Animals Laboratory was in by the for World Daypure contributed animals millions Society, Anti-Vivisection memorializing of that tos also a day 'science, medicine, industry, fashion and the cosmetics industry. Itof action to protest the use of live animals for experiments from lab rats and dogsprimates ).to cattle and 灵长类动物(实用文档Thousands of activists worldwide are campaigning to raise awareness and demandalternatives. few effective animals, though there are an end to experimentation withmillion that 100 Abolition of Vivisection estimates The British Union for thevertebrates (脊椎动物) are used in experiments every year, 10 to 11 million in theEuropean Union. This doesn't include mice, rats, frogs and animals not yet weaned.There are no reliable figures for China where specially bred animals are usedextensively for research. Some date indicate around 16 million vertebrates were usedin 2006.Three Rs principleThe three Rs are principles for lab animal welfare proposed by microbiologistRL Burch and zoologist W.M.S. Russel in 1959. They are “reduction, refinement and replacement”and scientists are encouraged to follow them.*Reduce the number of animals by improving experimental techniques andincreasing information sharing among researchers.invasive less suffering; use reduce *Refine experiments and treatment to techniques, improve care and living conditions.possible. *Replace experiments on live animals with alternative testing whereanimal ) in general acquiescence (默许“But the three Rs suggests experimentation,”says astatement by Animal Rights in Chine (ARC), set up in 2006 by over 3000 campaigners who have been urging the use of alternatives.The alternatives activists advocate include using cell cultures instead of whole animals, using phototoxicity tests on chemicals to predict their effects on humans, using computer models, studying human volunteers and working on isolated tissues. These approaches can be useful but they can't provide the answers that animal research can.“Animal experimentation is a basic, very important method in life science studyand biomedical research and in some specific fields, so it is irreplaceable,”saysYang Fei, deputy director of the Animal Experimentation Department of Fudan University. Yang has worked on regulating and standardizing animal testing for over15 years.He says testing on primates is still necessary because their immune system isvery similar to that of humans. They are needed to develop drugs for malaria, HIV/AIDS and infections such as SARS, he says, though admitting the approach is not perfect.63. According to the passage, ___________ may not be related to animal testing.A. Cough mixturesB. Genetically modified riceC. Dior LipsticksD. Artificial livers实用文档64. World Day for Laboratory animals was set up for the following reasons except___________.A. to call for better experimental techniques to reduce sufferingsB. to memorialize the animals sacrificed in the labsC. to raise awareness of animal rightD. to offer the activists a chance to raise their objections to the use of animals' forexperiments65. Why W.M.S Russel advocated researchers to share more information?A.Because researchers can better cooperate with each other to eliminate animal testing.B. Because researchers can turn to alternatives to replace animal testing.C. Because researchers can avoid repeating similar testing on animals.D. Because researchers can make the animal testing more effective.66. ___________ is the biggest obstacle to cancelling animal testing.A. Lack of enough fundB. Lack of human awarenessC. Lack of supportive statisticsD. Lack of effective alternativesSection C （8分）Read the following passage. Fill in each blank with a proper sentenceDirections:given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two moreOvernight, eating fried chicken in the People's Square is OUT; instead, peoplestarted to drink HEEKCAA and eat Bao Master. This year, the queues in front of the doors of “Wanghong delicacies”were so dense that a cup of tea has been hyped to over 80 Yuan by scalpers (黄牛) and local bloggers even customized a one-day tourto eat in Shanghai.To a great extent, Wanghong phenomenon depends on merchants' business strategy.______67______. Business also works on publicity. Before HEEKCAA's arrival in Shanghai, it has advertised through microblog, local life service and otherself-media, which has generated a certain amount of heat among the public. Once people 实用文档make the purchase, the “sense of accomplishment”will urge some of them to show off at their Wechat moments, which is good for brand image. Also, when a productis quickly recognized by consumers, capitals will come in great numbers. The boostof capitals undoubtedly helps the subsequent publicity of the brand.______68______. In the Internet era, the spread of information is so fast thatit doesn't matter whether the tea tastes good or bad; it's just a matter of whetheryou ever drink it. There is a word for this behavior —“fomo”, which means fearof missing out. Oxford University professor said this is not new. As social animals, humans have a strong desire to be part of a group, to be accepted, recognized, valued and remembered. A little baby cries for a hug and a child makes small trouble toget noticed. These behaviors are, in the eyes of sociologists, anxious for existence.It's just that social media today that make it easier for people to perceive otherpeople's lives, and have a sense of loss not to join them when they know what others are doing.10-20 Yuan is the exchange value of milk tea, but it's the symbol value of thegoods that encourages people to “pull the grass”. Just like the lipstick, mailboxand graffiti wall that have been on the list of Wanghong, people want to use relatively controllable spending to gain satisfaction from a moments' thumb up. ______69______. With the development of society, consumers are not just buying a product butits brand culture and quality of life, so the appearance of light consuming isinevitable. However, “Wanghong economy”is always short-lived because this consumer group is changeable in affection. Consumers who come by “physical attractiveness”will quickly vanish if there is no implicit value or connotation to support.______70______. Besides, consumers should make rational consumption instead of just following the trend.IV. Summary Writing （10分）Read the following passage. Summarize the main idea and the main point(s) Directions:of the passage in no more than 60 words. Use your own words as far as possible.When a rather dirty, poorly dressed person kneels at your feet and puts out hishands to beg for a few coins, do you hurry on, not knowing what to do, or do youfeel sad and hurriedly hand over some money? What should our attitude to beggarsbe? There can be no question that the world is full of terribly sad stories. It mustbe terrible to have no idea where our next meal is going to come from. It seems cruelnot to give some money to beggars.Certainly, most of the world's great religions order us to be open hearted andshare what we have with those less fortunate than ourselves. But has the world changed? Maybe what was morally right in the old days, when one knew exactly who in the village had suffered misfortune and needed help, is no longer the best idea. Quite a fewpeople will not give to beggars. Let us look at their arguments.实用文档First, some believe that many city beggars dress up on purpose to look pitiableand actually make a good living from begging. Giving to beggars only encourages thissort of evil. Secondly, there is the worry that the money you give will be spenton beer, wine or drugs. Thirdly, there is the opinion that there is no real excusefor begging. One might be poor, but that is no reason for losing one's sense ofpride and self-dependence.Related to this is the opinion that the problem should be dealt with by thegovernment rather than ordinary people. Some people think beggars should go to thelocal government department and receive help.It is hard to come to any final conclusion; there are various cases and we mustdeal with them differently. A few coins can save a life in some situations, and evenif the money is wasted, that does not take away the moral goodness of the giver.V. Translation （15分）Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given Directions:in the brackets.72. 我们在国外旅游时，应当遵循当地的风俗。

上海市松江区2018届高三上学期期末质量监控英语试卷

上海市松江区2018届高三上学期期末质量监控英语试卷松江区2017学年度第一学期期末质量监控试卷高三英语（满分140分，完卷时间120分钟）2017.12 I. Listening ComprehensionSection A （10分）Directions:In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. At a concert. B. In a restaurant.C. In a flower shop.D. In a supermarket.2. A. 15. B. 50. C. 85. D. 100.3. A. Excited. B. Interested. C. Entertained. D. Disappointed.4. A. Because her boss will return her the money after seeing the receipt.B. Because her boss asks her to buy a lot of things.C. Because she wants to establish a standard procedure in her company.D. Because she wants to check everything she has bought.5. A. Go on with the chat. B. Review his lessons.C. Connect with his friends.D. Talk with his friends face to face.6. A. He is always in a good mood. B. He has spent more money than expected.C. He is good at playing the piano.D. He’s pleased with his purchase.7. A. Mr. White’s new appointment. B. Mr. White’s vacation.C. An important vacant position.D. How to apply for a job.8. A. Her shoes will be in stock next month.B. She is longing for the shoes that are currently unavailable.C. She is unwilling to wait for a long time.D. She c an’t bear waiting.9. A. Policeman and car driver. B. Librarian and student.C. Doctor and patient.D. Post clerk and customer.10. A. John will deliver a presentation tomorrow about a new electronic device.B. The clients are very nervous about the quality of the new car.C. Tracy’s presentation is about a type of new electric car.D. Tracy is nervous because this electric car hasn’t received positive feedback before.Section B （15分）Directions: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and a longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of the passages and the conversation. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following news.11. A. Becau se man makes us of only 20% of the brain’s capacity.B. Because the other 80% of man’s brain will grow in due time.C. Because man’ brain has grown larger over the past centuries.D. Because man will use his brain more and more as time goes on.12. A. He thinks and feels in different ways.B. He has smaller eyes and wears better glasses.C. He has no hair because it is no longer useful.D. His fingers grow weaker because he doesn’t use them.13. A. M an’s life will be different in the future.B. Future man will look different from us.C. Man is growing taller and uglier as time goes by.D. The fu nctions of man’s organs will function as well as today.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following passage.14. A. Reading magazine articles. B. Preparing book reports.C. Writing research papers.D. Selecting informationsources.15. A. Gathering nonrelevant information. B. Stealing anotherperson’s ideas.C. Sharing notes with someone else.D. Handing in assignments late.16. A. In the student’s own words. B. In direct quotations.C. In short phrases.D. In shorthand.Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.17. A. Checking the room. B. Arranging a large conference.C. Running a hotel.D. Handling a complaint.18. A. There is no lavat ory paper. B. The toilet doesn’t flushproperly.C. The water doesn’t run away in the shower.D. There is no pillow inthe room.19. A. Busy. B. Unhappy.C. Excited.D. Hot.20. A. Adjust the regulator. B. fix the toilet and shower.C. Send the lavatory paper.D. Send a cake and fruit.II. Grammar and VocabularySection A （10分）Directions: After reading the passage below, fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word, fill in each blank with the proper form of the given word; for the other blanks, use one word that best fits each blank.One of my (21) ________ (memorable) vacations took place on a farm.When I was a boy, my parents and I traveled from New York City to the Pennsylvania countryside for a weeklong taste of rural life. We stayed in a guesthouse on a farm,。

2018届上海市各区高三英语一模试题汇编：阅读理解A篇（带答案已经校对）

2018届上海市各区⾼三英语⼀模试题汇编：阅读理解A篇（带答案已经校对）Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Forty-t hree years ago, a man took a “small step” on the moon and brought mankind a “giant leap” forward. As the first person to walk on the moon, American astronaut Neil Armstrong is a man whose name will be remembered for generations to come.But being the first is never easy. With so many unknowns about space at that time, Armstrong himself was surprised that Apollo 11 actually worked. He thought he and his partners had only a 50 percent chance of a successful landing back in 1969.It was tough indeed. When the module(登⽉舱)was approaching the moon’s surface, the computer wanted to rest them on a steep slope covered with rocks, but Armstrong realized it was an unsafe place to stop.As a last minute decision, he safely landed the module by himself. When they finally touched the ground, “there was something like 20 seconds of fuel left,” he said in an interview earlier this year.Unfortunately, some people doubted his visit to the moon, saying it was faked. But Armstrong responded with a chuckle(轻声笑), saying: “It w as never a concern to me because I knew one day, somebody was going to go fly back up there and pick up that camera I left.”For all his global fame, Neil Armstrong is a remarkably modest man. He rarely gave interviews and didn’t like talking about his ach ievement. He stopped giving his signatures when he found that people sold them for thousands of dollars.“I guess we all like to be recognized not for one piece of fireworks but for the ledger(记账簿) of our daily work,” Armstrong said in a CBS interview in 2005. When asked how he felt knowing his footprints would be likely to stay on the moon’s surface for thousands of years, he said: “I kind of hope that somebody goes up there one of these days and cleans them up.”Armstrong passed away last month at the ag e of 82, but he will be remembered. “The next time you walk outside on a clear night and see the moon smiling down at you, think of NeilArmstrong and give him a wink (眨眼⽰意),” his family said to Reuters.56. It can be inferred from the article that before his expedition to the moon, Armstrong __________.A. was certain that Apollo 11 would work wellB. believed the module would land safely on the moonC. had prepared himself to face possible failureD. planned to land the module on the moon by himself57. How did Armstrong respond when people doubted that he had been to the moon?A. He was angry.B. He was troubled by it.C. He tried to find evidence that they were wrong.D. He believed they would be proved wrong some day.58.By saying “I guess we all like to be recognized not for one piece of fireworks but for the ledger of our daily work”, Armstrong meant that __________.A. the more daily work you’ve done, the more easily you will be recognizedB. things that look spectacular are not as useful as ordinary successesC. achieving greatness can make other successes feel less importantD. everyday’s hard work is more appreciated than one successful moment59. Which of the following best describes Armstrong?A. He was ambitious.B. He tried to avoid the spotlight.C. He balanced his life and work well.D. He was talkative and loved telling jokes.Keys: 56-59: C D D BSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.( A )Post-00s is a documentary about growing up. It covers almost every aspect of mill ennials’ experiences on their path toward adolescence – their struggles with schoolwork, their relationship with peers, their confusion if a younger brother or sister is born into the family, and their growing desire to keep a distance from their parents. But this five-episode series was different from any other TV program with a similar theme.Post-00s was filmed over a period of 10 years, during which the show’s makers followed a group of kids from when they were infants through to when they became teenagers. In other words, the show’s “characters” grow older for real, and their stories are all real.“Coming-of-age” stories, as they’re known, have a special appeal. They satisfy our curiosity of looking at someone else’s life, and we become more and more attached to the characters as if we truly know them. And while we enjoy the truthfulness of the stories because nothing is set in advance, we also can’t help but feel the cruelty of reality. After all, there’s no re-writing of the script（剧本）and there’s no turning back – this is real life.This realness can also be seen in Boyhood, a 2014 film that won the Silver Bear award for best director at the 64th Berlin International Film Festival. During a period of 12 years, the film follows the life of Mason Jr – played by US actor Ellar Coltrane – from when he was 6 to when he finished high school.One of Boyhood’s appeals comes from its “ordinariness”. Mason Jr isn’t some child genius... He is a quietly spoken, fairly typical American boy, growing up in the Texas suburbs. He likes riding his bike and playing video games.While coming-of-age stories may look ordinary on the outside, they often allow us to look underneath the surface and see something extraordinary – the power of life itself.56. In the documentary, we see post-00’s growing experience EXCEPT __________.A. how they deal with their studiesB. how they help look after brothers or sistersC. how they get along with people of their ageD. how much they long to be independent of their parents57. What do Post-00 and Boyhood have in common?A. They’re intended to win an award for best director.B. The heroes and heroines are characters themselves.C. They’re a kind of reality show of ordinary kids’ growth.D. The stories are based on true life but polished by writers.58. Audience are interested in “coming-of-age” stories because __________.A. they can see the truth of lifeB. they know the characters wellC. they are much fond of gossipD. they appreciate stories of daily life59. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Post-00s are different geniusesB. Actors are ordinary charactersC. Documentary is real lifeD. Life is one big storyKeys: 56-59 DDBASection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）When you think about coffee alternatives, garlic is probably one of the last things that comes to mind, but that is exactly the ingredient that one Japanese inventor used to create a drink that looks and tastes like coffee.74-year-old Yokitomo Shimotai, a coffee shop owner in Aomori Prefecture, Japan, claims that his unique “garlic coffee” is the result of a cooking blunder he made over 30 years ago, when he burned a steak and garlic while waiting tables at the same time. Intrigued by the scorched garlic’s aroma, he mashed it up with a spoon and mixed it with hot water. The resulting drink looked and tasted a lot like coffee. Making a mental note of his discovery, Yokimoto carried on with his job, and only started researching garlic coffee again after he retired.Committed to turning his weird drink into a commercial product, Yokitomo Shimotai spent years optimizing the formula, and about five years ago, he finally achieved a result he was satisfied with. To make his dissolvable garlic grounds, he roasts the cloves in an electric oven, and, after they’ve cooled off, smashes them into fine particles and packs them in dripbags.“My drink is probably the world’s first of its kind,”the garlic coffee inventor told Kyodo News. “It contains no caffeine so it’s good for those who would like to drink coffee at night orpregnant women.”“The bitterness of burned garlic apparently helps create the coffee-like flavor,” Shimotai adds. He claims that, although his garlic coffee does give off an aroma of roasted garlic, it doesn’t cause bad breath, because the garlic is thoroughly cooked. And if you can get past the smell, the drink apparently does taste a lot like actual coffee.If decaf isn’t good enough for you, and you’re in the mood for something new, you can try Yokitomo Shimotai’s garlic coffee at his shop, in the city of Ninohc, Iwate Prefecture, or buy your own dripbags for just 324 yen（$2.8）.56. Which word is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “blunder ” in the second paragraph?A. mistakeB. showC. mixtureD. brand57. Who is not suitable to drink garlic coffee?A. A woman bearing a baby.B. A student having trouble with sleep.C. A cleaner working on a day shift.D. A young lady sick of garlic.58. Which of the following is not characteristic of garlic coffee?A. It is caffeine-free.B. Garlic powder dissolves in water.C. The burnt garlic creates bitterness.D. It is an improvement on a garlic dish.59. Which of the following can be used to describe Yokitomo Shimotai?A. venturous and greedyB. innovative and perseverantC. hardworking and cautiousD. observant and helpfulKeys: 56-59 ADDBSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.( A )Companies Take Punitive Steps Against Smoker ,Overweight Workers(By Tim Jones)Get ready to say goodbye to the days of high-fat meals,junk food and that after-work cigarette you always enjoy smoking at-least if you intend to have a job and health insurance.The rule of the workplace are changing and personal behavior and lifestyle habits -those unrelated to what you do at work are -now fair game for employers determined to cut health-care costs. If you smoke ,you may not get hired and you could get fired,If you cholesterol is too high,you can pay higher premiums for you insurance .The same goes for blood pressure and body mass.The requirement accepted by a growing number of companies are encroaching on privacy and raising questions about who will qualify for health insurance ,as well as employment.The Cleveland Clinic on Sept.I started nicotine testing in pre-employment physicals .If nicotine is found ,applicants will not be hired.We -yco Inc,a company based in Lansing,Michigan,drew national attention in 2005 when it fired four employees who used tobacco .We-yco performs random testing every 3 months ,usually of about 30 employees .Workers are required to blow into a Breathalyzer-link device that measures carbon monoxide levels .If the reading is high ,employees are required to take a urine test.If they fail the urinalysis twice ,they will be dismissed.Although thousands of employees have put in place inspiration for their workers to live healthier lifestyles,the vast majority of employers have not yet adopted the approach of punishing employees who do not satisfy medical or behavioralrequirements.But punitive measures are gaining a foothold in the workplace,according to lawyer and groups that follow insurance and employment trends, because health-care costs are double-digit rates annually.Gray Climes ,vice president of Meritain Health Michigan ,which now owns We-yco, noted that firings did not violate Michigan law and that 150 employees at the Okemos-based company have ,over time ,accepted the rules . It really comes down to a personal choice as far as you want to be employe d here.”Climes said .Climes said that since 2005,when we-yco made the wellness policy that includes that the smoking ban ,health insurance costs have increased by 2 percent ayear,well below the national average.56.What is the author’s advice on getting employed?A. Paying high er premiums of health insurance.B. Quitting smoking and keeping away from junk foodC. Taking a urine test before applying for a good job.D. Studying hard and knowing more about the company.57.The italicized words encroaching on in the passage mean .A. enrichingB. recoveringC. protectingD. invading58.We-yco Ine,drew national attention in 2005 because .A. four of its employees were fired just for smokingB. four of its employees violated Michigan lawC. Its health insurance costs have increased rapidlyD. A device was used to measure carbon monoxide levels59.What is the most probable title of this passage?A. Health insurance costs are increasingB. urine tests are required for every employeeC. most of the employer get tough on healthD. employees are provided with good health careKeys:66-59 BDACSection BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)One of the most inspiring quotes I ever heard was by Brian Tracy. He said: “The difference between successful people and unsuccessful people is that successful people fail many more times than unsuccessful people.” I personally experienced the wisdom of that understanding right after my first book was published. Like many authors, I expected hundreds of bookstore customerslining up for me to sign copies for them. I’m afraid to say, it didn’t quite happen like that.My first signing was arranged at the largest bookstore in the city. Filled with anticipation, I was put into a private signing room in the beautiful store. Despite a nice sign placed outside the room exhibiting images of both me and my book, not a single customer entered the room. As each minute passed, I became increasingly anxious.Do they not like the title? I wondered. Do they not like the book cover?After 90 minutes of this torture, I was absolutely distraught.For the four years writing the book, I had felt a sense of mission and purpose like never before in my life. Working a full 8-hour day in my clinic, I had to get into bed by 9:30 pm every day, so I could wake up at 5:30 in the morning and have two hours of writing before heading into my clinic. Before I ever began each writing session, I would close my eyes for 10 minutes and then whisper, “Please grant me the words to touch just one person’s life.”Now, sitting there alone at my first book signing, I wondered if my entire life wasn’t just a big joke. At t hat moment, just when I couldn’t feel any worse, a middle-aged couple walked into the room. I managed to hide my emotions and introduced myself and my book. There was something different about the way they were looking at me that I couldn’t quite identify. But I didn't know what else to say. The couple turned to each other, and the husband nodded to his wife. She then told me, “I think we’ll get the book.” My heart began to pound. But I realized the woman was trying to say something else.“The reason we’re buying it,” she said hesitantly, “is because our son committed suicide two years ago. Maybe your story will help us get over it.”At that moment, I knew if I never sold another copy of the book, my four years of writing it had served its purpose. Although I would have many more challenging years until my book caught on and sold well, this couple’s story was all the motivation I needed at that point to keep me moving ahead. Thanks to them, I would come to the realization that the greatest of lives are made all in the same way: One challenge... one hurdle... one step... and one small victory at a time.56. The writer quotes Brian Tracy to emphasize the importance of _________.A. conscienceB. successC. confidenceD. perseverance57. The word “distraught” (paragraph 4) probably means _____.A. bored and impatientB. cheerful and proudC. upset and disappointedD. miserable and ashamed58. What can be inferred from paragraph 5?A. The writer had to quit his job to make time for his writing.B. The writer was not sure about the purpose of his writing at first.C. The writing was completed with great self-discipline and efforts.D. The process of writing the book was full of pains and frustration.59. By saying “my four years of writing it had served its purpose”, the author probably meansthat __________.A. he had succeeded in selling his first book to the coupleB. he had managed to touch someone’s life with his bookC. he was quite satisfied with the feedback of his readersD. he had found someone who appreciated his writingKEYS: 56-59 DCCBSection BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or Unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Korean Americans at GBS High SchoolGlenbrook South (GBS) High School is in a suburb of Chicago, Illinois, in the United States. It is an award-winning school with a highly competent teaching staff. It has over 400 Asian Pacific. American students-over 17 percent of die students in the school. Of these, the majority are Korean American. This is very unusual in a state where Korean Americans are less than 1 percent of the population. The interactions of the Korean American students at UBS were the subject of an article in Asian Week magazine.Different Korean American students react differently to being in a high school were most students are white. Professor Pyong Gap Min, an expert on Korean life in America, believes that Korean Americans in this situation can sometimes feel inhibited or ashamed of their Koreanidentity. Asian Week interviewed a number of GBS students, and each had a different attitude. Alice 18 years oldI used to spend time only with Korean American friends Although I felt secure with those friends, I found myself motivated to form closer relationship with non-Koreans, too. I felt I was missing out on new experiences and challenges.Paul 16 years oldI have some Korean American friends, but I spend most of my time with white friends. I’m often the only Asian American in the group, but I don’t mind. What I like about the white culture is that I can be more radical. I can be as loud and funny as I want to be. I don’t see as much of that among the Asian students.John 17 years oldIn junior high school, most of my friends were white. After coming to GBS, my sense of my Korean American identity was restored, and I decided to have mainly Korean American friends. I feel that my Korean American friends and I mainly understand each other better. For example, we understand about severe parental pressures to succeed at school; I felt my white friends couldn’t really understand.Without belittle(轻视）the importance of what these students had to say, it’s imp ortant to remember that their opinions at this phase of their lives ate bound to change as they grow into adulthood. But these honest opinions can help us better understand issues of culture relations, and their honesty might help Americans from different cultural groups to get along better in the future.56. The passage mainly discusses .A. how Korean American students interact among themselves and with othersB. why Illinois is a very special stateC. how an Illinois high school welcomes Korean American studentsD. different opinions of the friends of Korean American students57. Which statement best summarizes Alice's attitude?A. She feels that her white friends don’t rea lly understand herB. She likes her Korean American friends but wants to have non-Korean friends too.C. She feels she is missing out on experiences with her Korean American fiends.。

2018届上海市各区高三英语一模试题汇编：阅读理解A篇(带答案已经校对)(20200223154055)

One【2018届上海市虹口区高三英语一模】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Forty-t hree years ago, a man took a “small step” on the moon and brought mankind a “g leap” forward. As the first person to walk on the moon, American astronaut Neil Armstrong is aman whose name will be remembered for generations to come.But being the first is never easy. With so many unknowns about space at that time,Armstrong himself was surprised that Apollo 11 actually worked. He thought he and his partnershad only a 50 percent chance of a successful landing back in 1969.It was tough indeed. When the module(登月舱)was approaching the moon’s surface, thecomputer wanted to rest them on a steep slope covered with rocks, but Armstrong realized it wasan unsafe place to stop.As a last minute decision, he safely landed the module by himself. When they finally touchedthe ground, “there was something like 20 seconds of fuel left,” he said in an interview earlier this year.Unfortunately, some people doubted his visit to the moon, saying it was faked. Butas never a concern to me because IArmstrong responded with a chuckle(轻声笑), saying: “It wknew one day, somebody was going to go fly back up there and pick up that camera I left.”For all his global fame, Neil Armstrong is a remarkably modest man. He rarely gaveievement. He stopped giving his signatures wheninterviews and didn’t like talking about his achhe found that people sold them for thousands of dollars.“I guess we all like to be recognized not for one piece of fireworks but for the ledger(记账簿) of our daily work,” Armstrong said in a CBS interview in 2005. When asked how he feltknowing his footprints would be likely to stay on the moon’s surface for thousands of years, he said: “I kind of hope that somebody goes up there one of these days and cleans them up.”Armstrong passed away last month at the ag e of 82, but he will be remembered. “The nexttime you walk outside on a clear night and see the moon smiling down at you, think of NeilArmstrong and give him a wink (眨眼示意),” his family said to Reuters.56. It can be inferred from the article that before his expedition to the moon, Armstrong __________.A. was certain that Apollo 11 would work wellB. believed the module would land safely on the moonC. had prepared himself to face possible failureD. planned to land the module on the moon by himself57. How did Armstrong respond when people doubted that he had been to the moon?A. He was angry.B. He was troubled by it.C. He tried to find evidence that they were wrong.D. He believed they would be proved wrong some day.58.By saying “I guess we all like to be recognized not for one piece of fireworks but for the ledger of our daily work”, Armstrong meant that __________.A. the more daily work you’ve done, the more easily you will be recognizedB. things that look spectacular are not as useful as ordinary successesC. achieving greatness can make other successes feel less importantD. everyday’s hard work is more appreciated than one successful moment59. Which of the following best describes Armstrong?A. He was ambitious.B. He tried to avoid the spotlight.C. He balanced his life and work well.D. He was talkative and loved telling jokes.Keys: 56-59: C D D BTwo【2018届上海市黄浦区高三英语一模】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.( A )Post-00s is a documentary about growing up. It covers almost every aspect of mill ennials’　experiences on their path toward adolescence – their struggles with schoolwork, their relationshipwith peers, their confusion if a younger brother or sister is born into the family, and their growingdesire to keep a distance from their parents. But this five-episode series was different from anyother TV program with a similar theme.Post-00s was filmed over a period of 10 years, during which the show’s makers followed a group of kids from when they were infants through to when they became teenagers. In other words,the show’s “characters” grow older for real, and their stories are all real.“Coming-of-age” stories, as they’re known, have a special appeal. They satisfy our curiosityof looking at someone else’s life, and we become more and more attached to the characters as ifwe truly know them. And while we enjoy the truthfulness of the stories because nothing is set in-writing of theadvance, we also can’t help but feel the cruelty of reality. After all, there’s no re script（剧本）and there’s no turning back –this is real life.This realness can also be seen in Boyhood, a 2014 film that won the Silver Bear award forbest director at the 64th Berlin International Film Festival. During a period of 12 years, the filmfollows the life of Mason Jr – played by US actor Ellar Coltrane – from when he was 6 to when hefinished high school.One of Boyhood’s appeals comes from its “ordinariness”. Mason Jr isn’t some child geniu He is a quietly spoken, fairly typical American boy, growing up in the Texas suburbs. He likesriding his bike and playing video games.While coming-of-age stories may look ordinary on the outside, they often allow us to lookunderneath the surface and see something extraordinary – the power of life itself.56. In the documentary, we see post-00’s growing experience EXCEPT __________.A. how they deal with their studiesB. how they help look after brothers or sistersC. how they get along with people of their ageD. how much they long to be independent of their parents57. What do Post-00 and Boyhood have in common?A. They’re intended to win an award for best director.B. The heroes and heroines are characters themselves.C. They’re a kind of reality show of ordinary kids’ growth.D. The stories are based on true life but polished by writers.coming-of-age” stories because __________.58. Audience are interested in “A. they can see the truth of lifeB. they know the characters wellC. they are much fond of gossipD. they appreciate stories of daily life59. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Post-00s are different geniusesB. Actors are ordinary charactersC. Documentary is real lifeD. Life is one big storyKeys: 56-59 DDBAThree【2018届上海市浦东新区高三英语一模】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.（A）When you think about coffee alternatives, garlic is probably one of the last things that comesto mind, but that is exactly the ingredient that one Japanese inventor used to create a drink that looks and tastes like coffee.74-year-old Yokitomo Shimotai, a coffee shop owner in Aomori Prefecture, Japan, claims thathis unique “garlic coffee” is the result of a cooking blunder he made over 30 years ago, when he burned a steak and garlic while waiting tables at the same time. Intrigued by the scorched garlic’s aroma, he mashed it up with a spoon and mixed it with hot water. The resulting drink looked and tasted a lot like coffee. Making a mental note of his discovery, Yokimoto carried on with his job,and only started researching garlic coffee again after he retired.Committed to turning his weird drink into a commercial product, Yokitomo Shimotai spent years optimizing the formula, and about five years ago, he finally achieved a result he was satisfied with. To make his dissolvable garlic grounds, he roasts the cloves in an electric oven, and, after they’ve cooled off, smashes them into fine particles and packs them in dripbags.“My drink is probably the world’s first of its kind,”the garlic coffee inventor told Kyodo News. “It contains no caffeine so it’s good for those who would like to drink coffee at night orpregnant women.”“The bitterness of burned garlic apparently helps create the coffee-like flavor,” Shimotai adds. He claims that, although his garlic coffee does give off an aroma of roasted garlic, it doesn’t cause bad breath, because the garlic is thoroughly cooked. And if you can get past the smell, the drink apparently does taste a lot like actual coffee.If decaf isn’t good enough for you, and you’re in the mood for something new, you can try Yokitomo Shimotai’s garlic coffee at his shop, in the city of Ninohc, Iwate Prefecture, or buy your own dripbags for just 324 yen（$2.8）.56. Which word is the closest in meaning to the underlined word “blunder ” in the second paragraph?A. mistakeB. showC. mixtureD. brand57. Who is not suitable to drink garlic coffee?A. A woman bearing a baby.B. A student having trouble with sleep.C. A cleaner working on a day shift.D. A young lady sick of garlic.58. Which of the following is not characteristic of garlic coffee?A. It is caffeine-free.B. Garlic powder dissolves in water.C. The burnt garlic creates bitterness.D. It is an improvement on a garlic dish.59. Which of the following can be used to describe Yokitomo Shimotai?A. venturous and greedyB. innovative and perseverantC. hardworking and cautiousD. observant and helpfulKeys: 56-59 ADDBFour【2018届上海市长宁区嘉定区高三英语一模】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have read.( A )Companies Take Punitive Steps Against Smoker ,Overweight Workers(By Tim Jones)Get ready to say goodbye to the days of high-fat meals,junk food and that after-work cigarette you always enjoy smoking at-least if you intend to have a job and health insurance.The rule of the workplace are changing and personal behavior and lifestyle habits -those unrelated to what you do at work are -now fair game for employers determined to cut health-care costs.If you smoke ,you may not get hired and you could get fired,If you cholesterol is too high,youcan pay higher premiums for you insurance .The same goes for blood pressure and body mass.The requirement accepted by a growing number of companies are encroaching on privacy and raising questions about who will qualify for health insurance ,as well as employment.The Cleveland Clinic on Sept.I started nicotine testing in pre-employment physicals .If nicotine is found ,applicants will not be hired.We -yco Inc,a company based in Lansing,Michigan,drew national attention in 2005 when itfired four employees who used tobacco .We-yco performs random testing every 3 months ,usuallyof about 30 employees .Workers are required to blow into a Breathalyzer-link device that measures carbon monoxide levels .If the reading is high ,employees are required to take a urine test.If they fail the urinalysis twice ,they will be dismissed.Although thousands of employees have put in place inspiration for their workers to live healthier lifestyles,the vast majority of employers have not yet adopted the approach of punishing employees who do not satisfy medical or behavioral requirements.But punitive measures are gaining a foothold in the workplace,according to lawyer and groups that follow insurance and employment trends, because health-care costs are double-digit rates annually.Gray Climes ,vice president of Meritain Health Michigan ,which now owns We-yco, notedthat firings did not violate Michigan law and that 150 employees at the Okemos-based company have ,over time ,accepted the rules . It really comes down to a personal choice as far as you want to be employe d here.”Climes said .Climes said that since 2005,when we-yco made the wellness policy that includes that the smoking ban ,health insurance costs have increased by 2 percent ayear,well below the national average.56.What is the author’s advice on getting employed?A. Paying high er premiums of health insurance.B. Quitting smoking and keeping away from junk foodC. Taking a urine test before applying for a good job.D. Studying hard and knowing more about the company.57.The italicized words encroaching on in the passage mean .A. enrichingB. recoveringC. protectingD. invading58.We-yco Ine,drew national attention in 2005 because .A. four of its employees were fired just for smokingB. four of its employees violated Michigan lawC. Its health insurance costs have increased rapidlyD. A device was used to measure carbon monoxide levels59.What is the most probable title of this passage?A. Health insurance costs are increasingB. urine tests are required for every employeeC. most of the employer get tough on healthD. employees are provided with good health careKeys:66-59 BDACFive【2018届上海市徐汇区高三英语一模】Section BDirections: Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions orunfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose theone that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)One of the most inspiring quotes I ever heard was by Brian Tracy. He said: “The differen between successful people and unsuccessful people is that successful people fail many more timesthan unsuccessful people.” I personallyexperienced the wisdom of that understanding right aftermy first book was published. Like many authors, I expected hundreds of bookstore customerslining up for me to sign copies for them. I’m afraid to say, it didn’t quite happen like that.My first signing was arranged at the largest bookstore in the city. Filled with anticipation, Iwas put into a private signing room in the beautiful store. Despite a nice sign placed outside theroom exhibiting images of both me and my book, not a single customer entered the room. As eachminute passed, I became increasingly anxious.Do they not like the title? I wondered. Do they not like the book cover?After 90 minutes of this torture, I was absolutely distraught.For the four years writing the book, I had felt a sense of mission and purpose like neverbefore in my life. Working a full 8-hour day in my clinic, I had to get into bed by 9:30 pm everyday, so I could wake up at 5:30 in the morning and have two hours of writing before heading intomy clinic. Before I ever began each writing session, I would close my eyes for 10 minutes andthen whisper, “Please grant me the words to touch just one person’s life.”Now, sitting there alone at my first book signing, I wondered if my entire life wasn’-aged couple walked intobig joke. At t hat moment, just when I couldn’t feel any worse, a middlethe room. I managed to hide my emotions and introduced myself and my book. There wassomething different about the way they were looking at me that I couldn’t quite identify. But Ididn't know what else to say. The couple turned to each other, and the husband nodded to his wife.She then told me, “I think we’ll get the book.” My heart began to pound. But I realized the woman was trying to say something else.“The reason we’re buying it,” she said hesitantly, “is because our son committed suicide two years ago. Maybe your story will help us get over it.”At that moment, I knew if I never sold another copy of the book, my four years of writing ithad served its purpose. Although I would have many more challenging years until my bookcaught on and sold well, this couple’s story was all the motivation I needed at that point to keepme moving ahead. Thanks to them, I would come to the realization that the greatest of lives aremade all in the same way: One challenge... one hurdle... one step... and one small victory at a time.56. The writer quotes Brian Tracy to emphasize the importance of _________.A. conscienceB. successC. confidenceD. perseverance57. The word “distraught” (paragraph 4) probably means _____.A. bored and impatientB. cheerful and proudC. upset and disappointedD. miserable and ashamed58. What can be inferred from paragraph 5?A. The writer had to quit his job to make time for his writing.B. The writer was not sure about the purpose of his writing at first.C. The writing was completed with great self-discipline and efforts.D. The process of writing the book was full of pains and frustration.my four years of writing it had served its purpose”, the author probably means 59. By saying “that __________.A. he had succeeded in selling his first book to the coupleB. he had managed to touch someone’s life with his bookC. he was quite satisfied with the feedback of his readersD. he had found someone who appreciated his writingKEYS: 56-59 DCCBSix【2018届上海市闵行区高三英语一模】Section BDirections:Read the following passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or Unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A. B. C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.(A)Korean Americans at GBS High SchoolGlenbrook South (GBS) High School is in a suburb of Chicago, Illinois, in the United States.It is an award-winning school with a highly competent teaching staff. It has over 400 Asian Pacific. American students-over 17 percent of die students in the school. Of these, the majority are Korean American. This is very unusual in a state where Korean Americans are less than 1 percentof the population. The interactions of the Korean American students at UBS were the subject of an article in Asian Week magazine.Different Korean American students react differently to being in a high school were most students are white. Professor Pyong Gap Min, an expert on Korean life in America, believes that Korean Americans in this situation can sometimes feel inhibited or ashamed of their Koreanidentity. Asian Week interviewed a number of GBS students, and each had a different attitude.Alice 18 years oldI used to spend time only with Korean American friends Although I felt secure with those friends, I found myself motivated to form closer relationship with non-Koreans, too. I felt I wasmissing out on new experiences and challenges.Paul 16 years oldI have some Korean American friends, but I spend most of my time with white friends. I’m often the only Asian American in the group, but I don’t mind. What I like about the white cultureis that I can be more radical. I can be as loud and funny as I want to be. I don’t see as much of that among the Asian students.John 17 years oldIn junior high school, most of my friends were white. After coming to GBS, my sense of my Korean American identity was restored, and I decided to have mainly Korean American friends. Ifeel that my Korean American friends and I mainly understand each other better. For example, we understand about severe parental pressures to succeed at school; I felt my white friends couldn’t really understand.Without belittle(轻视）the importance of what these students had to say, it’s imp ortant to remember that their opinions at this phase of their lives ate bound to change as they grow into adulthood. But these honest opinions can help us better understand issues of culture relations, and their honesty might help Americans from different cultural groups to get along better in the future.56. The passage mainly discusses .A. how Korean American students interact among themselves and with othersB. why Illinois is a very special stateC. how an Illinois high school welcomes Korean American studentsD. different opinions of the friends of Korean American students57. Which statement best summarizes Alice's attitude?A. She feels that her white friends don’t rea lly understand herB. She likes her Korean American friends but wants to have non-Korean friends too.C. She feels she is missing out on experiences with her Korean American fiends.。

上海市松江区2018高三期末质量监控(一模)--解析版

上海市松江区2018届高三期末质量监控（一模）数学试卷一. 填空题（本大题共12题，1-6每题4分，7-12每题5分，共54分）1.设集合，，则________【答案】【解析】【分析】化简集合B，根据交集的定义写出A∩B．【详解】集合A={x|x＞1}，B={x|x（x﹣3）＜0}={x|0＜x＜3}，∴则A∩B={x|1＜x＜3}．故答案为．【点睛】本题考查交集的求法，考查交集定义、分式不等式求解等基础知识，考查运算求解能力，是基础题．2.若复数满足，则________【答案】1【解析】因为，所以，所以.3.已知函数的图像与函数的图像关于直线对称，且点在函数的图像上，则实数________【答案】2【解析】【分析】由题意可知函数y=f（x）与函数y=a x（a＞0且a≠1）互为反函数，求出y=a x的反函数，再将（4，2）代入可得答案．【详解】∵函数y=f（x）的图象与函数y=a x（a＞0且a≠1）的图象关于直线y=x对称，∴函数y=f（x）与函数y=a x（a＞0且a≠1）互为反函数，由y=a x（a＞0且a≠1），得x=log a y，则f（x）=log a x，∵点P（4，2）在函数y=f（x）的图象上由f（4）=2，得log a4=2，解得：a=2．故答案为2．【点睛】本题考查了反函数的求法，考查了互为反函数的两个函数图象间的关系，是基础题.4.等差数列{a n}的前10项和为30，则________【答案】12【解析】【分析】利用等差数列的前n项和公式即可得到a1+a10=6．由等差数列的性质可得a1+a10=a4+a7，进而可得答案．【详解】∵等差数列{a n}的前10项和为30，∴，解得a1+a10=6．由等差数列的性质可得a1+a10=a4+a7，∴a1+a4+a7+a10=2（a1+a10）=2×6=12．∴a1+a4+a7+a10=12．故答案为12．【点睛】熟练掌握等差数列的前n项和公式、等差数列的性质是解题的关键．5.若增广矩阵为的线性方程组无解，则实数的值为________【答案】-1【解析】【分析】根据增广矩阵是，该方程组无解，可得且，从而可求实数m的值．【详解】∵增广矩阵是，该方程组无解，∴且，∴m2﹣1=0且2m﹣m（m+1）≠0，∴m=﹣1．故答案为：﹣1．【点睛】本题考查增广矩阵中的运算．考查行列式，解答的关键是二元线性方程组的增广矩阵的意义．6.双曲线的焦点到它的渐近线的距离为_________________；【答案】1【解析】试题分析：由双曲线方程可知，则，即，所以焦点为，渐近线为。

松江区高三英语一模卷答案

听力材料和参考答案I. Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In Section A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversations and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1.W: Oh, No, it’s still out of order!M: I’m afraid we will have to walk up all those stairs again today.Q: What are these two people talking about?2. W: Mr. Smith, this is your schedule for tomorrow. You’ll be leaving Shanghai at five.M: All right. Have you reserved a room for our customer yet?Q: What is the possible relationship between the two speakers?3. M: What’s your hobby? Stamp collecting, reading or something else? W: No, nothing special.I often take pictures during holidays, but I’m afraid I’m a badphotographer.Q: What is the woman’s hobby?4. M: I’m not quite sure how to put this. But about that calculator you let me use, I dropped it. And now the “ON” button doesn’t light up.W: Oh! That’s OK. It hasn’t been working right for some time.Q: What is the man’s problem?5. W: It’s a pity that the football match had already begun when I got home.M: When did you get home?W: It was a quarter to eight, and it had started an hour earlier.Q: When did the football match start?6. W: Let’s see if you can find books by the authors your grandpa liked as a teenager.M: Haha. But first of all, I want to google the books to see if I like the story lines.Q: What is the man going to do?7 W: Let’s take out the extra desks. There are only eight judges for our contest.M: I think we’d better leave some for the students who are taking part in the contest.Q: What are the speakers doing?8. M: Wow, I really envy you, Shelly.W: Well, it’s for business. In fact, I’m sick and tired of restaurant food. Sometimes I just wanta home-made meal.Q: What can we learn about Shelly?9. W: Did you attend Amy’s presentation last night? It was the first time for her to give a speechto a large audience.M: How she could be so calm in front of so many people is really beyond me!Q: What do we learn from the conversation?10. W: Hi, Harry. You’ve travelled a lot recently. When did you come back to China?M: I just came back from France this morning. I stayed there for half a month. But before that1 / 4I travelled in Italy for ten days, and I am flying to Japan in two days.Q: Where is the man now?Section BDirections: In Section B, you will hear two short passages and one longer conversation, and you will be asked several questions on each of them. The passages and the conversation will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.Mr. Jackson had to travel somewhere on business and as he was in a hurry, he decided to go by air. He liked to sit beside a window when he was flying. So, when he got into the plane, he looked for a window seat. He found all of them had already been taken except one. There was a soldier sitting in the seat beside this one and Mr. Jackson was happy that he had not taken the one by the window; but, anyhow, he at once went towards it.When he reached it, however, he saw there was a notice on it. It was written in ink and said “This seat is reserved for proper load balance. Thank you.”Mr. Jackson had never seensuch a notice in a plane before, but he thought that the plane must be carrying something heavyin its baggage room which made it necessary to have the passengers properly balanced, so hewalked on and found another empty seat, not beside a window, to sit in.Then, when the plane was quite full, a very beautiful girl stepped into the plane. Thesoldier quickly took the notice off the seat beside him and in this way succeeded in having the girlbeside him during the whole trip.(Now listen again, please)Questions:11.What was Mr. Jackson happy to find when he got on the plane?12. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?13. What did Mr. Jackson find out in the end?Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following news.China has introduced various emergency responses and long-term measures against air pollution in the central and eastern regions.According to the report, the air quality index reading for Xi’an, capital of Shanxi Province, reached 500 last Wednesday afternoon. That was at the top of the air quality index, or AQI scale and indicating severe pollution.Smog still covered the city and the AQI at Thursday noon was 417, making Xi’an the second most polluted city in the region after Xingtai in Hebei Province at 491.A city government emergency response plan was carried out, delaying all construction and taking at least 50 percent of government vehicles off the road. Power plants must limit their output and reduce emissions.In December, nearly half the country, including Beijing and more than 100 cities in 20 provinces, suffered from smog. Many have taken action, including experimenting with artificial methods to reduce smog, limiting vehicle use and charging a fine for pollution.2 / 4(Now listen again, please)Questions:14. What do we learn about the air quality last Thursday from the news report?15.How many citiessuffered from smog in China?16.Which of the following is not the measure taken against the air pollution?Questions 17 through 20 are based on the following conversation.M: Hello, and welcome to our program, “Working Abroad”. Our guest this evening is aLondoner, who lives and works in Italy. Her name’s Susan Hill. Susan, welcome to theprogram. You livein Florence. How long have youbeen living there?W: Since 1982.But when I went there in 1982, I planned to stay for only 6 months.M: Why did you change your mind?W: Well, I’m a designer. I design leather goods, mainly shoes and handbags. Soon after I arrived inFlorence, I got a job with one of Italy’s top fashion houses, Ferregamo. So, I decided to stay. M: How lucky! Do you still work for Ferregamo?W: No, I’ve been a freelance designer for quite a long time now, since 1988, in fact.M: So does that mean you design for several different companies now?W: Yes, that’s right. I’ve designed many fashion items for a number of Italian companies, and in the lastfour years, I’ve also been designing for the British company, Burberry.M: What have you been designing for them?W: Mostly handbags and small leather goods.M: How’s the fashion industry in Italy changed since 1982?W: Oh, it’s become a lot more competitive because the quality of products from other countries has improved a lot. But Italian quality and design is still world-famous.M: And do you ever think of returning to live in England?W: No, not really. Working in Italy is more interesting. I also love the Mediterranean sun and the Italian life style.M: Well,thank you for talking to us, Susan.W: It was a pleasure.(Now listen again, please)Questions:17. Where doesthis talk most probably take place?18.What wasthe woman’s original plan when she went to Florence?19.What has the womanbeen doing for a living since 1988?20. What do we learn about the change in Italy’s fashion industry?参考答案I. Listening Comprehension1------10 DBDBA DCCAB11----13 CBA 14----16 CAC 17----20 ABABII．Grammar and Vocabulary21. with 22. could 23. written 24. until25. reaching26. the most fantastic 27. who 28. his 29. As long as/So long as30. to do3 / 431----40GFIDC ABKEJIII. Reading ComprehensionSectionA 41----45 DBADA 46----50 CCCBD 51----55 BCBCDSectionB(A) 56----59 CACD(B) 60----62CBD (C) 63----66 ACBDSection C(D) 67----70 BDFEIV. Summary WritingThe story is about a boy maturing overnight.A drug store owner found something stolen by Alfredand called his mother. Surprisingly, the mother took this calmly and the boss decided to let this go. At home, he was about to show his pride in the mother’s calmness when he saw a deeply-worried mother, which greatly shocked him. (58 words)V. Translation72. This/It is the first time that he has commented on / has made comments on my clothes seriously.73. Living in school on campus enables students to devote more time and energy to their academicwork.74.What concerns me most is that the kidseems to be blind to / to turn a blind eye to everythingaround himbut online games.75. It was because she failed to resist the temptation of money and fame that the famous actressbroke the laws and in the end had to pay a high price for it.VI.Guided Writing4 / 4。

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