Lesson2-生物专业英语资料
lesson2_warm-up
He’s my Dad, he’s my mentor, my friend and hero.
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The end of Enjoy a Poem.
Lesson 2 – Discovery of a Father
III. Listen to a Song
There You’ll Be When I think back on these times And the dreams we left behind
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To be continued on the next page.
Lesson 2 – Discovery of a Father
II. Enjoy a Poem
My Hero
Although he’s not royal by statue or birth, He’s a man of great dignity, honor and strength. His merits are noble, and of admirable length. He’s far greater than all the other men that I know,
There’ll always be a place for you for all my life
I’ll keep a part of you with me
And everywhere I am
There you’ll be
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To be continued on the next page.
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The end of Listen to a Song.
Lesson-2-Photosynthesis 生物专业英语
Photosynthesis
Contents
• Warming–up • Words and phrases • Text Analysis • Simple exercise • Further references
Warming–up
人类对光合作用的科学研究至少已经进 行了300多年，最近100年来与光合作用有关 的研究已经获得了6次诺贝尔奖。时至今日， 仍有许多问题需要探索。
环式光合磷酸化：
从PSⅠ产生的电子，经过Fd和细胞色素b6/f
等后，引起了ATP的形成，降低能位，又经PC
回到原来的起点P700，形成tophosphorylation
n. 非环形光合磷酸化[作用]
Noncyclic photophosphorylation is coupled to noncyclic electron flow, the electrons being used to reduce NADP+ as well as to make ATP.
叶绿体中叶绿素的分布
5. Chloroplast [ 'klɔ(:)rəplɑ:st ]
n.叶绿体
A plastid in which photosynthesis is carried out. Chloroplasts occur in all photosynthetic organisms except photosynthetic bacteria and blue-green algae.
叶绿体的形态与分布
叶绿体的结构
1 双层膜：内膜为选择 性屏障。
2 基质：CO2同化；淀 粉形成
3 基粒：由类囊体垛叠 而成的绿色颗粒。
science english unit2
Some mammals have a lot of hair pr fur.Polar bears have thick fur all over their bodies.
Some mammals have short hair.
Other mammals have hair that does not look like hair.
哈哈 愚蠢的人类们！
Part 3
• • Mammals are considered to be the dominant and probably the most diversified class of living vertebrates. 哺乳动物被认为是占主导地位的，并可能是最多样化的生活类脊 椎动物。 However,they do not have the largest number of species. 然而，它们不具有最大数目的物种。 If the total numbers of species for the major animal groups are compared ,mammals,with about 4,000 species,are last. 最后，如果总的数量物种的主要动物群体进行比较时，哺乳动物 ，约4000种. The list on the left shows the most numerous to the least numerous,by number of species. 左侧的列表中显示了最常见的物种。
Are they mammals?
[reptaɪl]
x
Are they mammals?
x
x
Are they mammals?
[æ m’fɪbiən]
生物专业英语2
英语句子复杂而不流散的另一重要原因是： ①语法（人称、数、性等）一致（grammatical concord） ②意义一致（notional concord）:如主语形式为 复数，但意义为单数，谓语动词依意义取单数形式， 反之亦然：Two thousand dollars is more than he can afford. My family are all fond of plying table tennis.非限定动词作状语或定语，其逻辑生 活或逻辑宾语必须与句子的主语或被修饰语保持一致。
Naked you want it, naked you’ll have it. 你要求事实和盘托出，那就这样吧。 Never was night so still, never was a sky so deeply blue, nor stars so bright and serene.
英语注重句子结构完整，形成规范，句 子尽管繁简交替、长短交错，但形成仍不致 流散，其主要原因是英语有许多聚集句子的 手段，如形态标志及连接词语使各种成分明 确，“it”、“there”这类填补词使句子结构 完整，等等。
相比之下，汉语的主谓结构要复杂得多。 主语不仅形式多样，而且可有可无；它可以 表示施事、受事，也可以表示地点、时间； 可用名、动、形容词及数量词；句子可以没 有主语，也可以省略主语，还可以变换主语 并加以隐含。
文章翻译完了。（受事主语） The article has been translated. 全市到处在兴建工厂。（地点主语） New factories are being built all over the city. 现在正下着毛毛雨。（时间主语） It’s so drizzling at the moment.
生物专业英语上传PPT精选文档
Professional Words and Phrases
(Continued)
classification [klæsifi'keiʃən] n. 分类，类别
biochemistry ['baiəu'kemistri] n. 生物化学
molecular biology 分子生物学
molecular level 分子水平
Chapter 1 Biology
1.1 What is Biology? 1.2 The Origin of Life 1.3 The Significance of Biology in Your Life 1.4 The History of Biology– Additional Reading
microorganism [maikrəu'ɔ:gənizəm] n. 微生物
well-being ['wel'bi:iŋ] n. 健康，福利
agriculture ['ægrikʌltʃə] n. 农业
livestock ['laivstɔk] n. 家畜，牲畜
ecology [i:‘kɔlədʒi] n. 生态学
1
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
1.1 What is Biology?
Biology is the study of life. Alongside physics and chemistry, biology is one of the largest and most important branches of science. At the highest level, biology is broken down based on the type of organism being studied: zoology, the study of animals; botany, of plants; and microbiology, of microorganisms. Each field has contributed to mankind or the Earth’s wellbeing in numerous ways. Most prominently: botany, to agriculture; zoology, to livestock and protection of ecologies; and microbiology, to the study of disease and ecosystems in general.
初一生物下册一二课知识点
初一生物下册一二课知识点Unit 1: Biodiversity and ClassificationLesson 1: BiodiversityBiodiversity refers to the variety of life forms on Earth, including the diversity of species, ecosystems, and genetic variation within species.Biodiversity is important for maintaining the balance of nature and providing resources for human beings.Different habitats support different types of organisms, and organisms are adapted to their specific habitats.Lesson 2: Classification of OrganismsOrganisms are classified based on their physical characteristics, genetic information, and evolutionary relationships.The scientific classification system, known as taxonomy, arranges organisms into groups called taxa, ranging from broad categories like kingdoms to specific groups like species. Taxonomy helps scientists study and understand the diversity of life and the relationships among different organisms.第一单元：生物多样性与分类第一课：生物多样性生物多样性指的是地球上生命形式的多样性，包括物种多样性、生态系统多样性和物种内的遗传变异。
生物科学 专业英语教学大纲.doc
《生物专业英语》教学大纲课程编号B08000081 学时36学时学分2学分一、课程的性质和任务生物专业英语是面向生物科学、技术高年级本科生开设的限选课程，本课程教学内容主要涉及普通生物、微生物学、遗传学、分子生物学、生态学等领域的专业基础知识。
通过本课程，扩大专业英语的词汇量，掌握专业英语书刊的阅读技巧、了解文献检索及写作知识。
木课程是帮助已有一定英语基础的学牛提高其阅读、翻译专业英语的能力。
旨在拓宽学生的专业词汇量和阅读量，力求将英语与专业紧密结合，了解科技论文的文体特点和写作方法，为将来的学术论文的阅读写作和交流打下坚实的基础。
二、相关课程的衔接本课程的先修课为大学英语，科技论文写作可作为后续课程。
三、教学的基本要求大学英语的学习使学生掌握了一•定的英语词汇和语法，专业英语则是重点提高专业英语的词汇量，掌握专业英语文献的阅读技巧、了解文献检索及写作知识；是今后学术论文撰写的必需前提。
四、教学方法与重点、难点本课程采用自学与讲授相结合，理论与实践相结合的教学方法。
教学屮突出以学生作为主体，运用多媒体等教学手段对其进行专业英语的学习指导。
同时为了提高学生英语听说读写的基础能力，可采取小组讨论式等灵活多样的教学形式，调动其学习积极性。
本课程重点在于向学生介绍学科专业术语和概念，进一步提高阅读、理解英语专业文献的能力；重点讲解英译汉的技巧，培养对科技文献的理解能力，使同学熟练和逐步适应书而语体的特点和表达形式，能够准确、流畅的阅读、翻译生物技术英语文献，并能熟练的掌握英语工具，获取专业所需的信息，初步具备撰写科研论文的能力。
五、建议学时分配讲授内容学时Inside the Living Cell: Structure and Function of Internal Cell Parts 2 Photosynthesis 2Cellular Reproduction: Mitosis and Meiosis 2 Foundations of Genetics 2 Discovering the Chemical Nature of the Gene 2The Origin and Diversity of Life 2Fungi: The Great Decomposers 2Animal Development 2The Origin of Species 2The ecology of population 2 Abstracts in Biological Abstracts 2The ISI web of knowledge platform 2The Handing of Plant Chromosomes 2Plant Tissue Culture Techniques 2 Introduction of biology 2专业英语电影和多媒体 2复习考试 2六、课程考核总成绩满分一百分，包括平时成绩占20% +期末考试成绩80% o七、教材及主要参考书指定教材蒋悟生主编，生物专业英语（第二版），高等教育出版社，2000年。
生物专业英语ppt讲解材料
Review Articles
These articles synthesize and evaluate research on a particular topic, providing an overview of the current state of knowledge.
Technical Reports
01
introduction
Purpose and background
Purpose
To provide a comprehensive overview of the field of biology, focusing on key concepts, principles, and applications.
Sentence structure and expression
Active Voice
Using active voice, especially in scientific writing, makes sentences more direct and easier to understand.
The study of heredity and the variation of traits within and between species.
Evolutionary Biology
Ecology
Biotechnology
The study of the origin and development of species through natural selection and other mechanisms.
These are written to communicate technical information in a clear and concise manner, often including tables, figures, and appendices.
生物专业英语学习资料
生物专业英语Biochemistry 生物化学essential element必需元素trace elements微量元素proteoglycan蛋白聚糖amino acid氨基酸primary structure 一级结构random coil无规卷曲structural domain 结构域subunit亚基degeneration变性adenine腺嘌呤guanine鸟嘌呤cytosine胞嘧啶thymine胸腺嘧啶uracil尿嘧啶nucleoside 核苷nucleotide核苷酸base pairing碱基配对base pair碱基对数base碱基数gyrase旋转酶nucleosome核小体 complementary DNA互补DNA plasmid质粒transposons转座子repetitive sequence重复序列exon外显子intron内含子variable loop可变环ribonuclease核糖核酸酶renaturation复性hyperchromic effect增色效应base stacking force碱基堆积力annealing退火melting-out temperature熔解温度hypochromic effect减色效应maltose麦芽糖sucrose蔗糖lactose乳糖starch淀粉glycogen糖原cellulose纤维素cellulase纤维素酶selectivity选择性substrate底物 holoenzyme全酶cofactor辅因子coenzyme辅酶oxidase氧化酶metabolism新陈代谢assimilation同化作用catabolism异化作用metabolite代谢产物biological oxidation 生物氧化cytochrome细胞色素rotenone鱼藤酮amytal阿密妥antimycin A抗霉素A cyanide氰化物glycolysis糖酵解ethanol乙醇citrate柠檬酸cis-aconitate 顺乌头酸succinic acid琥珀酸oxaloacetic acid草酰乙酸 acetyl-coenzyme乙酰辅酶fumarate延胡索酸glyoxylate cycle 乙醛酸循环malate苹果酸fatty acid 脂肪酸carbon unit一碳单位metabolic regulation代谢调feedback regulation反馈调节structural gene结构基因promoter gene启动基因operator gene操纵基因regulator gene调节基因termination factor终止因子triplet code三联体密码initiator codon起始密码termination codon终止密码replicon复制子core enzyme 核心酶primosome 引发体Okazaki fragment冈崎片段leading chain 前导链lagging strand后随链terminator终止子telomere端粒telomerase端粒酶replication fork复制叉vector载体promoter启动子terminator终止子operon操纵子codon密码子degeneracy简并性hormone激素citric acid cycle 柠檬酸循环Deamination 脱氨基作用urea cycle尿素循环euchromatin 常染色质messenger RNA信使RNAtransfer RNA 转移RNA ribosome RNA核糖体RNA secondary structure二级结构super-secondary structure超二级结构tertiary structure三级结构quaternary structure四级结构semiconservative replication 半保留复制ornithine cycle 鸟氨酸循环negative supercoil DNA负超螺旋DNA positive supercoil DNA正超螺旋DNA restriction endonuclease 限制性内切酶polymerase chain reaction 聚合酶链反应oxidative deamination 氧化脱氨作用transamination 转氨基作用reverse transcription 逆转录decarboxylation 脱羧作用semidiscontinuous replication半不连续复制reverse transcriptase 逆转录酶missense mutation 错义突变synonymous mutation 同义突变neutral mutation中性突变nonsense mutation 无义突变double-strand circular DNA 双链环形DNA phosphatidic acid 磷脂酸essential amino acids 必需氨基酸dihydrouracil loop 二氢尿嘧啶环anticodon loop 反密码子环superhelical DNA 超螺旋DNAopen circular DNA 开环DNA linear DNA 线形DNAbase stacking force 碱基堆积力glucogenic and ketogenic amino acid生糖兼生酮氨基酸ketogenic amino acid 生酮氨基酸glucogenic amino acid 生糖氨基酸Genetics遗传学heredity 遗传variation 变异pisum sativum 豌豆 segregation 分离gamete 生殖细胞zygote 合子allele 等位基因genotype 基因型phenotype 表现型test cross 测交oryza sativa 水稻diploid 二倍体haploid 单倍体centromere 着丝粒satellite 随体linker 连丝mitosis 有丝分裂mesoblast中胚层spindle 纺锤体interphase 间期spindle fiber 纺锤丝vicia faba 蚕豆nucleoplasm 核质spermatogenous 精原细胞oogonium 卵原细胞spermatid 精细胞Phenocopy 拟表型epistasis上位效应mutant突变型gametic lethal配子致死zygotic lethal合子致死autosome 常染色体dominant lethal显性致死carrier 携带者homozygote 纯合体heterozygote 杂合体genotype 基因型phenotype 表现型linkage group 连锁群interference 干涉coincidence 并发率genetic map 遗传学图wild type野生型secondary constriction 次级缢痕mutation 突变nucleolar organizer 核仁形成区induction 诱导first polar body 第一极体strain 菌株sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体recipient 受体female gametic nucleus 卵核donor 供体multiple alleles 复等位基因fragment 片段sex-chromosome性染色体heterokaryon 异核体sex-linked inheritance 伴性遗传auxotroph 营养缺陷型primary constriction 初级缢痕prophage 原噬菌体secondary constriction 次级缢痕transduction 转导complementary gene互补基因Mendel’s laws 孟德尔定律 law ofhomologous chromosome 同源染色体segregation 分离定律sister chromatids 姐妹染色单体first filial generation 子一代secondary oocyte 次级卵母细胞parental generation 亲代three-point testcross 三点测交dominant character显性性状primary spermatocyte 初级精母细胞recessive character 隐性性状secondary spermatocyte 次级精母细胞hereditary determinant遗传因子first division segregation 第一次分裂分离parental combination 亲组合second division segregation 第二次分裂分recombination 重组合离punnett square 棋盘法law of independent assortment 自由组合Mendelian character 孟德尔性状定律primary constriction 初级缢痕Microbiology微生物学living creatures 生物culture medium 培养基lawn菌苔culture plate 培养平板bacteria 细菌archaea 古生菌eukaryote真核生物prokaryote 原核生物protozoan 原生动物hypha 菌丝 mycoplasma 支原体yeast 酵母菌plasmolysis 质壁分离Escherichia Coli大肠杆菌murein胞壁质peptidoglycan 肽聚糖 mucopeptide 黏肽outer membrane外膜chromosome染色体nucleolus 核仁nucleoid 拟核chromatin 染色质 centromere 着丝粒telomere 端粒protoplast 原生质体mycoplasma 支原体glycoprotein 糖蛋白mesosome 间体 cytoplasm细胞质megnetosome磁小体nucleoid拟核glycocalyx 糖被capsule 荚膜flagellum 鞭毛lysosome 溶酶体chloroplast 叶绿体thylakoid类囊体inorganic salt 无机盐peptone 蛋白胨sulfur bacteria 硫细菌beef extract牛肉膏vitamin 维生素inclusion body 内含物lithotroph 无机营养型medium 培养基agar 琼脂organotroph 有机营养型antiport 逆向运输active transport 主动运输 pinocytosis 胞饮作用catabolism 分解代谢passive transport 被动运输 uniport 单向运输anabolism 合成代谢fermentation发酵batch culture 分批培养log phase 对数生长期stationary phase 稳定生长期lag phase 迟缓期decline phase衰亡期aerobe 好氧菌 antibiotic 抗生素antigenome 反基因组transformation 转化 genome 基因组plasmid 质粒transforming factor 转化因子diploid 二倍体haploid 单倍体transposable element 转座因子conjugation接合作用transposon转座子phenotype 表型genotype基因型auxotroph营养缺陷型wild-type野生型transition 转换transversion 颠换spontaneous mutation 自发突变reverse mutation 回复突变sexduction 性导transduction 转导 promoter 启动子operon 操纵子recombination repair 重组修复repressor 阻遏蛋白corepressor辅阻遏物clone 克隆 denaturation 变性annealing 退火extension 延伸cloning vector 克隆载体replicon 复制子telomere 端粒cohesive end 黏性末端promoter 启动子terminator 终止子gene therapy 基因治疗phylogeny 系统发育ammonification 氨化作用nitrification 硝化作用denitrification 反硝化作用expression vector 表达载体aerobic respiration有氧呼吸anaerobic respiration无氧呼吸origin of replication 复制起始点incompatibility 不亲和性gene mutation 基因突变synonymous mutation 同义突变chromosomal aberration 染色体畸变missense mutation 错义突变frame-shift mutation 移码突变lactose operon 乳糖操纵子negative transcription control 负转录调控 tryptophan operon 色氨酸操纵子 cytoplasmic inheritance 细胞质遗传 genetic engineering 基因工程 recombinant DNA technology 重组DNA技术palindromic structure 回文结构spread plate method 涂布平板法pour plate method 倾注培养法streak plate method 平板划线法shake tube method 稀释摇管法continuous culture 连续培养精品文档It was not evident, for example, whether or not a particular kind of protein has a consistent sequence of amino acids that would be the same in one individual molecule as it would be in another of that same kind of protein.例如，一类特定的蛋白质是否具有一致的氨基酸序列还是不明白的，同类蛋白质的单独一个分子与另一个分子的氨基酸序列也许是相同。
生物专业英语复习资料
生物学专业英语期末考试知识点总结一、化学元素符号（31个）H Hydrogen ['haɪdrədʒ(ə)n] 氢 B Boron ['bɔːrɒn] 硼Be Beryllium [bə'rɪlɪəm] 铍 C Carbon ['kɑːb(ə)n]碳N Nitrogen ['naɪtrədʒ(ə)n] 氮O Oxygen ['ɒksɪdʒ(ə)n] 氧F Fluorine ['flʊəriːn] 氟Na Sodium ['səʊdɪəm] 钠Mg Magnesium [mæg'niːzɪəm] 镁Al Aluminum [əˈluːmɪnəm] 铝Si Silicon ['sɪlɪk(ə)n] 硅P Phosphorus ['fɒsf(ə)rəs] 磷S Sulphur ['sʌlfə] 硫Cl Chlorine ['klɔːriːn] 氯K Potassium [pə'tæsɪəm] 钾Ca Calcium ['kælsɪəm] 钙Cr Chromium ['krəʊmɪəm] 铬Mn Manganese ['mæŋgəniːz] 锰Fe Iron ['aɪən] 铁Co Cobalt ['kəʊbɔːlt] 钴Ni Nickel ['nɪk(ə)l] 镍Cu Copper ['kɒpə] 铜Zn Zinc [zɪŋk]锌As Arsenic ['ɑːs(ə)nɪk] 砷Se Selenium [sɪ'liːnɪəm] 硒Mo Molybdenum [mə'lɪbdənəm] 钼Ag Silver ['sɪlvə] 银Cd Cadmium ['kædmɪəm] 镉Au Gold [gəʊld] 金Hg Mercury ['mɜːkjərɪ] 汞Pb Lead [liːd] 铅二、数学符号a2 a square or a squaredb3 b cube or b cubed[kjuːb] 立方c4 c (raised) to the fourth (power)f-1 f to the minus one 0.4 zero (or nought) point four [nɔːt]零0.01point (or decimal) nought one ['desɪm(ə)l]小数10.34ten point three fourμ micron ['maɪkrɒn] 微米mm millimeter ['mili,mi:tə] 毫米mm2 square millimetermm3cubic millimeter ['kjuːbɪk] 立方的cm centimeter [ˈsentɪmiːtə(r)] 厘米cm2square centimetercm3cubic centimeter dm decimeter ['desɪ,miːtə] 分米dm2square decimeterdm3cubic decimeterm meterm2square meterm3cubic meterkm kilometerkm2square kilometermL milliliter ['mili,li:tə] 毫升L liter ['li:tə] 升a acre ['eɪkə] 英亩ha hectare ['hekteə] 公顷g gramme [ɡræm] 克mg milligramme ['miligræm] 毫克kg kilogramme ['kiləuɡræm] 千克t tonne [tʌn] 吨三、期刊杂志全称与简写英文全称英文缩写中文全称Annual Review of Biochemistry Annu Rev Biochem 生物化学年刊Cell Cell 细胞Annual Review of Cell Biology Annu Rev Cell Biol 细胞生物学年刊The Journal of the Federation of AmericanSociety for Experimental BiologyFASEB Journal （FASEB J ）美国实验生物学联合会刊European Molecular Biology Organization EMBO Journal （EMBO J）欧洲分子生物学杂志Trends in Biochemical Sciences Trends Biochem Sci 生物化学科学进展Molecular and Cellular Biology Mol Cell Biol 分子与细胞生物学杂志Journal of Biological Chemistry J Biol Chem 生物化学期刊Plant Cell Plant Cell 植物细胞Molecular Pharmacology Mol Pharmacol 分子药理学DNA Cell Biology DNA Cell Biol DNA细胞生物学Journal of Molecular Biology J Mol Biol 分子生物学期刊Biochemistry Biochemistry 生物化学Cell Growth and Differentiation Cell Growth Differ 细胞生长与分化Methods in Enzymology Method Enzymol 酶学方法Molecular Microbiology Mol Microbiol 分子微生物学Journal of Neurochemistry J Neurochem 神经化学杂志Progress in Biophysics & MolecularBiologyProg Biophys Mol Biol 生物物理和分子生物学进展Advances in Microbial Physiology Adv Microb Physiol 微生物生理学进展Molecular Biology and Evolution Mol Bio Evol 分子生物学与进化Journal of Cellular Biochemistry J Cell Biochem 细胞生物化学杂志Molecular Biology and Medicine Mol Biol Med 分子生物学与药学Federation of European BiochemistrySociety FEBS Letters ( FEBS Lett)欧洲生物化学学会联合会杂志Plant Molecular Biology Plant Mol Biol 植物分子生物学Journal of Molecular Evolution J Mol Evol 分子进化杂志Analytical Biochemistry Anal Biochem 分析生物化学Molecular Immunology Mol Immunol 分子免疫学Neurochemical Research Neurochem Res 神经化学研究Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry Mol Cell Biochem 分子与细胞生物化学Molecular Biology Report Mol Biol Rep 分子生物学报告Proceedings of National Academy ofsciences USA PROC NATL ACADSCI USA美国国家科学院院刊四、作文1. Topic or title or head.2. Authors and their institutes.3. Abstract4. Introduction5. Materials and Methods6. Results7. Discussion8. References or literatures cited.How to write a report or paperA paperconsists of 8partsEnglish description英文叙述Chinese narrative中文叙述Part1.Topic or titleor head.(主题/标题/头)Concise and informative 简洁而信息量丰富Part2.Authors and their institutes. （作者及其所在研究机构）The name(s) of the auther(s)The affiliation(s) and address(es) of the auther(s)The e-mail address,telephone and fax numbers of the corresponding auther作者姓名作者的隶属机构和地址通讯作者的电子邮件地址，电话号码以及传真号。
Lesson2-生物专业英语
2
• CO2：carbon dioxide [daɪˈ ɔksaɪd]
• O2：oxygen[ˈ ɔksidʒən] • H2O：water
3
photosynthesis[ˌfə ʊtəʊˌs ɪnθɪsɪs]
between the rich and poor. Some argue the
developed world has totally ignored the
problem. But has it? Close examination fails to bear out the argument. • 最近，我们经常听到贫富差距扩大了的说法。一些人 认为发达世界完全忽略了这个问题。事实是这样吗？ 细致的调查无法证实这一观点。
而)cellular respiration is highly exergonic and releases energy, photosynthesis requires energy and is highly endergonic.
• 从化学和动能学角度来看，它是细胞呼吸作用的反过程。 细胞呼吸作用是高度放能的，光合作用需要能量；并且还 是高吸能的过程。
20
Antenna complexes天线色素
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Reaction-center chlorophyll 反应中心色素
22
23
Chlorophyll a
24
Chlorophyll a and b
25
Cyclic photophosphorylation [ˈfəutəuf ɔsfəriˈlei ən] ʃ
下册Lesson2
Lesson Two In the Laboratory打印本页一、词汇laboratory n. 实验室enroll v. 登记，注册reach v. 伸手取specimen n. 标本，样品alcohol n. 酒精disappointed adj. 失望的，沮丧的disappointment n. 失望，沮丧gaze v. 凝视，盯着challenging adj. 有挑战性的unpleasant adj. 讨厌的，使人不愉快的set v. 着手；决心disgusting adj. 十分讨厌的，令人恶心的ghastly adj. 苍白的，死人一般的beneath prep. 在…下面sideways adv. adj. 侧面的；横向的magnifying glass n. 放大镜instrument n. 仪器，器械limited adj. 受限制的，有限的field n. 范围，领域desperation n. 绝望scale n. （鱼、蛇等的）鳞，鳞片nonsense n. 无意义的行为strike v. （一种想法）突然产生feature n. 特点，特征creature n. （包括人类的）生物，动物encouraging adj. 激励的，振奋人心的attentively adv. 专心地，聚精会神地brief adj. 简洁的，简短的air n. 神态，样子earnestly adv. 认真地visible 可见的，看得见的plainly adv. 明白地，易懂地misery n. 苦恼，痛苦，不幸wretched adj. 讨厌的，悲惨的，可怜的criticism n. 批评close n. 终结，结束inquire v. 询问next best adj. 次好的，居第二位的disconcerting adj. 令人紧张的，使人心慌的account n. 说明，解说；报告reassuring adj. 使人放心的，给人打气的symmetrical adj. 对称的paired adj. 成对的thoroughly adv. 完全地，彻底地repay v. 回报，偿还wakeful adj. 不眠的，睡不着的most adv. 非常，很，极enthusiastically adv. 热情地，热心地point n. 特征，品质artificial adj. 人造的，人工的aid n. 辅助器具repeat v. 重说；重做similarity n. 相似之处family n. （生物）科part v. 使分开，分离part with 丢掉，卖掉，放弃observe v. 观察，注意到orderly adj. 有秩序的，有条理的arrangement n. 排列；安排urge v. 驱策；激励；推动connection n. 联系；关系in connection with 与……相关联law n. 规律二、课文分析I entered Professor Agassiz's laboratory, and told him I had enrolled my name in the Scientific School as a student of natural history.1.enroll one's name 注册某人的名字；the Scientific School:自然科学院natural history:自然史"When do you wish to begin?""Now," I replied.This seemed to please him, and with an energetic "Very well!" he reached from a shelf a huge jar of specimens in yellow alcohol. "Take this fish," he said, "and look at it; by and by I will ask what you have seen." With that he left me. I was disappointed, for gazing at a fish did not seem to be challenging enough to an eager student, and the alcohol had a very unpleasant smell. But I said nothing and began to work immediately.2.This seemed to please him, and with an energetic "Very well!" he reached from a shelf a huge jar of specimens in yellow alcohol.seem to do sth. 好像…这似乎让他很高兴，（于是）他精神饱满地说了一句"好极了！"，就伸手从架子上取下一只大瓶子，里面的黄色酒精中浸泡着标本。
课程名称生物专业英语
课程名称生物专业英语英文名称Special English for Biology【课程编号】【课程类别】专业选修课【学分数】【适用专业】生物科学【学时数】34 【编写日期】2013.7.31一、教学目标生物专业英语是面向生物科学、技术高年级本科生开设的限选课程，本课程教学内容主要涉及普通生物、微生物学、遗传学、分子生物学等领域的专业基础知识。
通过本课程，向学生介绍如何撰写科技论文、投稿等方面的知识；扩大专业英语的词汇量，掌握专业英语书刊的阅读技巧、了解文献检索及写作知识。
二、教学内容和学时分配Lesson One Inside the living cell:structure and function of internal cell parts 4学时主要内容：1．GlossaryActin, centriole, chemotaxis, chloroplast, chromosome, cilia, cytoplasm, cytoskeleton, dynein, flagella, lysosome, microfilament, microtubule, mitochondrion, myosin, nucleoid, nucleoli, nucleus, phagocytosis, pinocytosis, plastid, polysome, ribosome, stroma, tubulin, vacuole，endoplasmic reticulum, nuclear envelope, golgi complex, basal body2．重点句型分析分析(1)This quantity reflects the fact that ribosomes are the sits at which ammo acids are assembled into proteins for export or for use in cell processes.the genetic(2)During protein synthesis the two subunits move along a strand of mRNA, ”reading” sequence coded in it and translating that sequence into protein.(3)Both types of endoplasmic reticulum serve as compartments within the cell where specific products can be isolated and subsequently shunted to particular areas in or outside the cell.(4)A subset of vacuoles is the organelles known as lysosomes, which contain digestive enzymes(packaged in lysosomes in the golgi complex)that can break down most biological macromolecules.(5)It is on the large surface area provided by the inner cristae of mitochondria that ATP-generatating enzymes are located.3．Exercises4．Symbols Commonly Used教学要求：使学生掌握细胞的组成结构（各种细胞器以及它们在细胞中的位置），以及结构与功能之间的关系。
Lesson2-生物专业英语
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The Light-Dependent Reaction: Converting Solar Energy into Chemical-Bond Energy
光反应：光能转化成化学键能
• The photosystems of the light-dependent reactions are responsible for the packaging of light energy in
the chemical compounds ATP and NADPH. This
packaging takes place through a series of oxidation reduction reactions set in motion when light strikes the P680 reaction center in photosystem Ⅱ.
• 光反应的光系统将光能转化成化学复合物ATP和NADPH。当光 激活光系统Ⅱ的光反应中心时，通过一系列的氧化还原反应实现 能量的传递。
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• In this initial event water molecules are cleaved, oxygen is released, and electrons are donated. These electrons are accepted first by plastoquinone[ˈplæstəukwinəun] 质体醌 and then by a series of carriers as they descend an electron transport chain. For each four electrons that pass down the chain, two ATPs are formed. • 反应开始时，水被分解，氧被释放并提供电子。电子首 先传递给质体醌，然后通过一系列载体形成的电子传递 链。每传递4个电子，形成2个ATP。
Unit9HumanBiologyTopicTalkingLesson2单词讲义-2023-2024
Unit9 topic talkinglesson2biology词性：名词中文意思：生物学英文释义：the study of living organisms and their interactions with each other and the environment词源：来自希腊语的βίολος (bios) 和λόγος (logos)，意为“生命”和“学科”。
例句：She is studying biology at university.固定搭配：molecular biology（分子生物学），taxonomy（分类学）近义词：natural science, life sciencecapability词性：名词中文意思：能力，才能英文释义：the ability to do something or be something词源：来自拉丁语的capabilitas，意为“能力”。
例句：He has the capability to solve plex problems.固定搭配：human capability（人类能力），technical capability（技术能力）近义词：ability, talent, skillmarathon词性：名词、形容词中文意思：马拉松，长跑比赛；持久的，耐力的英文释义：a longdistance running race, typically 42.195 kilometers; lasting a long time or requiring great effort词源：来自古希腊的传说，一位士兵在战斗中跑了很长的距离，最后到达雅典。
为了纪念他，设立了一个长跑比赛，即马拉松。
例句：She pleted the marathon in under three hours.固定搭配：marathon runner（马拉松选手），marathon session（长时间的会议或工作）近义词：endurance, longdistance race, ultramarathonjustify词性：动词中文意思：证明…是正当的，合理化英文释义：to show that something is right or reasonable词源：来自拉丁语的justificare，意为“使公正”。
《Lesson2》 学习任务单
《Lesson2》学习任务单一、学习目标1、掌握新的词汇和短语，能够正确拼写和运用。
2、理解并能够运用新的语法结构，准确造句。
3、提高听力理解能力，能够听懂与课程相关的简单对话和短文。
4、增强阅读理解能力，能够读懂并理解课文内容，回答相关问题。
5、能够进行简单的口头和书面表达，描述个人经历、观点和想法。
二、学习内容1、词汇学习 20 个左右的新单词，如“＿____”“＿____”“＿____”等。
掌握这些单词的读音、拼写、词义和用法。
通过例句和练习加深对单词的理解和记忆。
2、语法学习新的语法点，如“＿____”的用法。
了解其构成、意义和在句子中的位置。
进行相关的语法练习，巩固所学知识。
3、听力听取与课文主题相关的简短对话和短文。
回答听力材料中的问题，提高听力理解能力。
4、阅读阅读课文，理解文章的主旨大意、细节信息和作者的观点。
学习阅读技巧，如快速浏览、捕捉关键词等。
5、写作与口语根据所学内容，进行简单的写作练习，如写一篇短文描述自己的一天。
进行口语练习，如与同学进行对话交流，分享自己的喜好和兴趣。
三、学习资料1、教材认真阅读教材中的课文、例句和练习。
2、在线资源利用在线英语学习网站，观看相关的教学视频和听力材料。
参与英语学习论坛，与其他学习者交流学习经验。
3、工具书准备英语词典，随时查阅不认识的单词和短语。
四、学习方法1、预习在学习新内容之前，预习单词和课文，了解大致内容。
2、认真听讲在课堂上集中注意力，跟随老师的讲解，积极参与互动。
3、多练习完成课后作业和练习题，巩固所学知识。
4、复习定期复习所学内容，加深记忆。
5、应用在日常生活中尽量运用所学的英语知识，提高语言运用能力。
五、学习进度安排1、第一周学习新单词和语法点。
进行听力和阅读的初步练习。
2、第二周巩固单词和语法，加强听力和阅读训练。
开始写作和口语练习。
3、第三周进行综合练习，包括模拟测试。
针对薄弱环节进行重点复习。
4、第四周完成课程总结和复习，准备测试。