高一语法练习题chapter9

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chapter 9 Language and Culture

Chapter 9 Language and CultureIntroduction语言和文化之间有密切的联系，这是一条不证自明的公理。

如果我们简要回顾一下过去一个世纪中语言学领域发生的事情，就可以找到更多的证据支持这个观点。

必须承认，18世纪初以来，对语言的探究从本质上说要么是历史比较的，要么是结构形式化的；然而，一些新的变化在20世纪开始的时候出现了。

无论是在英国还是在北美，语言研究都开始了人类学转向这种新传统的特征就是将语言研究置于社会文化的语境之中。

在英国，马林诺夫斯基和弗斯是这一运动的先驱，而在与之平行却有着独立传统的北美，鲍阿斯，萨丕尔和沃尔夫自然是其代表。

由于他们的创新和不懈努力，在语言和文化关系的研究领域中，许多重要而有创造性的工作得以完成。

尤为重要的是，这些研究建立了一种范式。

在此后多年中，这一学科范式引发了对这个问题的各种研究。

早在20世纪20年代，一个人类语言学学派在英国产生。

人类学家马林诺夫斯基在新几内亚东岸的Trobriand岛进行田野调查时，观察到这这种原始文化中，一个词的意义在很大程度上依赖于它所出现的语境，或者说依赖于生活中真实的语言环境。

比如wood一词，在本地文化中，它既有英语中相当的用法，即指树的坚固的物质成分，也可以更具体地指独木舟。

独木舟是这些岛屿居民的一种重要交通工具，在这个言语社会的日常生活中具有十分重要的功用。

然而这个词的第二种释义有着极强的环境色彩和文化意味，对一个来自不同文化环境的外来者而言，可能不那么容易掌握。

文化在语言研究中占什么地位？从20世纪70年代初开始，随着向水门(Watergate)事件这样的政治丑闻不断被揭露，一连串的衍生词语涌进了英语。

如―Billygate (比利门)‖，―Cattlegate (牲畜门)‖都是这样的复合形式。

在这种情形下人们感到在―(gate)‖构成的组合形式和衍生形式进行社会语言学研究时，有必要考察这些新词涉及的语义，结构以及功能的发展情况，同时在进行构词研究时需要更多了解这些相关因素之间的相互关系。

语言学09--Chapter 9 Language and Literature.ppt

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Stylistics also attempts to establish principles capable of explaining the particular choices made by individuals and social groups in their use of language, such as socialisation, the production and reception of meaning, critical discourse analysis and literary criticism.
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In addition, stylistics is a distinctive term that may be used to determine the connections between the form and effects within a particular variety of language.
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In the wider sense of stylistics, text linguistics, and literary studies, it is a
translation of the Czech aktualisace
(actualization), a term common with the Prague Structuralists.
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The red-haired woman, smiling, waving to the disappearing shore. She left the maharajah; she left innumerable other lights o’ passing love in towns and cities and theatres and railway stations all over the world. But Melchior she did not leave.

高中英语语法与词汇满分对策(15套附答案)第九章、非谓语动词.doc

第九章非谓语动词动词除了在句子中充任谓语外，还具出名词、形容词及副词的性质动词的非谓语形式，可在句中作主语、表语、宾语、定语、补语和状语等，称作非谓语动词，包含动词不定式、分词和动名词。

高考重点要求：1、掌握不定式、分词、动名词在句子中的作用2、划分不定式、分词作定语和状语的异同3、掌握不定式、动名词作宾语，不定式和分词作宾补的习用构造4、注意非谓语动词与句子谓语动词的时间关系，以确立非谓语动词的时态形式5、弄清非谓语动词与其逻辑主语的关系，以确立非谓语动词的语态形式第一节知识点概括一、动词不定式动词不定式的基本形式是“ to+动词原形” ，有时能够不带 to。

动词不定式没有人称和数的变化，在句子中不可以作谓语，但能够担当主语、表语、宾语、状语和宾语补足语。

动词不定式仍保存动词的一些特色。

（一）动词不定式的特色及用法1.动词不定式的组成及特色“ to +动词原形”组成动词不定式，是一种非谓语形式，在句子中不可以作谓语，没有人称和数的变化，它具出名词、形容词和副词的特色。

2.动词不定式的用法动词不定式具出名词、形容词和副词的特色，在句子中能够作主语、表语、宾语、定语和状语。

1.作主语比如： To learn English well is not easy.或 It is not easy to learn English well.动词不定式作主语时，常常用it 作形式主语，这类句型可概括为下边的句型：It is + adj.+动词不定式假如要说明不定式的动作履行者，能够用forIt is + adj.+ for sb. to do sth.2.作表语My wish is to become a teacher.3.作宾语Most of us like to watch football matches.4.作宾语补足语He told me to be here on time.5.作定语I have nothing to say about that thing.6.作状语He stopped to have a look.3.动词不定式的否认形式not + to + 动词原形动词不定式的否认形式比如：He asked me not to make such a mistake.4.动词不定式与疑问词连用疑问代词who, what, which和疑问副词when, where, how, why 等后边能够接动词不定式，组成动词不定式短语，能够在句子中作主语、宾语、表语等成分。

自考英语语言学Chapter 9 Psycholinguistics

Chapter 9 Psycholinguistics心理语言学一、本章纲要二、本章重点(2005，单选；2007，名词解释) Psycholinguistics is the study of language in relation to the mind. As the term suggests, it is viewed as the intersection of psychology and linguistics, drawing equally upon the language we acquire, produce and comprehend, and the mind or brain in which our linguistic and cognitive faculties are localized and organized, and interact with each other in particular ways. Our linguistic capability depends largely on the structure and dynamics of the human brain. 心理语言学主要从心理的角度对语言进行研究，目的在于揭示人类是如何掌握语言，说出语言和理解语的，语言与思维的关系等一系列问题。

1.The biological foundations of language语言的生理基础（2005，判断）Our linguistic ability is a biological gift of the species’ gene program. 人类不需要课堂教学就可以自然习得自己的母语。

人类有语言能力的主要原因不可能是人有声带，因为其它动物也有声带。

人类的语言能力主要依赖人脑结构和人脑的机制。

人类大脑的左半球的某些区域比右大脑相应的区域要大，这是人类大脑所特有的特征。

chapter9

编译原理
chapter9
运行时存储空间组织
Chapter9 运行时存储空间组织
编译原理
chapter9
运行时存储空间组织
9.1 目标程序运行时的活动 9.2 运行时存储器的划分 9.3 简单的栈式存储分配 9.4 嵌套过程语言的栈式实现 9.5 堆式动态存储分配
编译原理
chapter9
运行时存储空间组织
9.3 简单的栈式存储分配
编译原理
chapter9
运行时存储空间组织
1. C 的活动记录
TOP
SP
临时工作单元内情向量简单变量形式单元参数个数返回地址老 SP
对任何局部变量或形参的引用均可表示为: 用均可表示为:X[SP], X表表示变量的相对地址. 示变量的相对地址.
相当于动态链
编译程序必须分配目标程序运行时的数据空间. 编译程序必须分配目标程序运行时的数据空间. 9.1 目标程序运行时的活动 1. 过程的活动过程的每一次运行(或执行被称为一次活动过程的每一次运行或执行)被称为一次活动或执行 (activation).活动是一个动态的概念,除了设 .活动是一个动态的概念, 计为永不停机的过程(如操作系统等如操作系统等), 计为永不停机的过程如操作系统等 ,或者是因设计错误而出现死循环的过程之外, 设计错误而出现死循环的过程之外,任何过程的活动均有有限的生存期(life time). 活动均有有限的生存期 .
目标代码静态数据栈 ↓ ↑ 堆
过程的活动在编译时不确定, 不确定,在运行时当有新过程被调用, 有新过程被调用,则将该过程的相关数据放入栈中,栈的life 放入栈中,栈的life 特性正好对应过程的嵌套调用

菲翔学校高考语言文字综合运用一百练9含解析试题

墨达哥州易旺市菲翔学校语言文字综合运用一百练〔9〕1、阅读下面的文字,完成问题。

在保健品销售中,无中生有、夸大成效,乃是一个普遍存在的“套路〞。

保健品不是药品,更不是“万能神药〞,这应是一个一共识和常识。

( );有的以免费体检、旅游、讲座等为幌子,打亲情牌推销产品;有的许以高额返现、多买多赚等承诺,设置消费陷阱骗取钱财……在不少案例中,一些保健品已经从专注安康、有益身心的产品,变成了__________的工具,给病人乃至家庭带来难以抹去的阴影。

改善安康,决不能成为一门只顾HY的生意。

我们需要提倡__________的科学素养。

从魏那么西一家所相信的“高科技疗法〞,到周洋一家所购置的“抗癌产品〞,利用的都是人们对科学力量的信任。

这种朴素的情怀,决不能成为不法之徒的可乘之机。

任何__________的“神秘力量〞,都是对科学的曲解;任何__________的“代理HY〞,都是对成功的歪曲。

我们必须强调老实守信、依法经营的场法那么。

无论是广告法还是食品平安法,都规定保健食品不能宣传可以治病,严禁虚假宣传。

对企业而言,无论多大的规模、多响的牌子,只要触犯了法律、伤害了消费者,就要受到法律的严惩,给公众一个交代。

安康中国建立,任重道远。

对任何企业和任何人来说,都需要绷紧心中的弦,珍视人民群众对安康的渴求,决不能拿生命当儿戏。

1.依次填入文中横线上的成语,全都正确的一项为哪一项哪一项( )A.弄虚作假求真务实故弄玄虚不劳而获B.故弄玄虚不劳而获弄虚作假求真务实C.不劳而获求真务实弄虚作假故弄玄虚D.弄虚作假求真务实不劳而获故弄玄虚2.文中画横线的句子有语病,以下修改最恰当的一项为哪一项哪一项( )A.事实上,HY机关也在对此行为进展一直打击,去年以来就已破获保健品HY犯罪案件3000多起,追赃挽损超过亿元。

B.事实上,HY机关也一直在对此行为进展打击,去年以来就已破获保健品HY犯罪案件3000多起,追赃挽损超过亿元左右。

高级英语1 lesson 9课外练习及答案

Lesson 9Mirror of America Ⅰ. Word explanation1. rangeA. to launchB. to wanderC. to seekD. to wonder2. cruiseA. voyageB. crowdC. cloudD. boat3. profoundA. perfectB. deepC. proudD. desirable4. frailtyA. weaknessB. stiffnessC. frugalityD. fracture5. coreA. centreB. threadC. edgeD. front6. obsessA. to processB. to observeC. to occupyD. to absorb7. attestA. to proveB. to arrestC. to attendD. to progress8. cosmosA. customB. systemC. universeD. course9. slumA. a piece of ground going up or downB. a city area of dirty, poor living conditionC. an area of soft wet landD. the entire tract of country drained by a river10. perceptionA. understandingB. conceptionC. entranceD. percentage11. rebuffA. to puffB. to opposeC. to refuseD. to reprove12. debunkA. to retellB. to exposeC. to impressD. to describe13. flirtA. to fling overB. to play withC. to throw awayD. to point at14. ingenuityA. stupidityB. realityC. clevernessD. truth15. deploreA. to look forB. to ask forC. to be in lack ofD. to be sorry about16. long and tiringA. scathingB. cynicalC. tediousD. abundant17. good, strong, quick at understandingA. keenB. reveredC. earnestD. puritanical18. the state of intellectually deceived or misledA. vanishB. ambitionC. illusionD. dreary19. importance with respect to power to produce an effectA. consequenceB. sultanC. clamourD. providence20. a prevailing tendency or inclinationA. epidemicB. trendC. gratitudeD. climaxⅡ.Replace each underlined part with one word learnt in the text, the first letter of which is given:1. You can't expect him too much. He is just a teenager.j2. The naughty boy of ten got our room messed up.m3. We really miss the life in the countryside years ago, itwas simple and pleasant.i4. The St. Lawrence River is suitable for ships to travelfrom the Great Lakes to the sea.n5. A wide and uninterrupted view was shown in thebeginning of the movie.pⅢ.Decide whether the following statements are true or false:1. In Nevada's Washoe region, Mark Twain tried very hard and persistently to get the enormous wealth of gold and silver but failed, because it belonged only to thelucky ones.2. TOM SAWYER is a story about the boyhood adventures of a lad whom Mark Twain named BillyRogers at first.3. According to Mark Twain, the people who stayed at home of California were slow, sleepy andsluggish-brained.4. Mark Twain's national reputation was first wellestablished as "the wild humorist of the Pacific Slope" because of the publication of THE ADVENTURES OFTOM SAWYER.5. If Mark Twain had not accepted the job as a reporter offered to him by TERRITORIAL ENTERPRISE,literature would have lost that literary giant.Ⅳ. Fill in each of the blanks with one of the following words or expressions in its proper form. Each word or expression is to be used only once.acquaintanceship, contact, drain, every bit, to acknowledge,to acquaint with,to be accustomed to, to be broke, to succumb, to teem with, trap, vanish1. I have heard about your friend but I ___ not __him.advantageous.water.machine.enemies.8. The lawyer'shis guilt.11. Of course I ___ not ___ associating with societypeople like you.Ⅴ. Give the full spelling of the words according to the context.1. Honesty, justice are the ewhich will last forever.2. I told them of my strange, exciting and dangerousjourneys a3. Someone who is pfeels very loyal towards it.4. Someone who is rnot related to real life, for example about love or about ways of changing society.5. Something that is hrather witty or clever way.6. An ofuture, and believes that things will happen in the best possible way.7. If you dunderstand it, and remember it.8. If you psystem, you take part in it.9. Someone who is dconscientious way.10. Ccommunicating or spending time with them or the state of touching them.11. Gexpression of this feeling.12. A cmagazine which is always written by the same person or is always about the same topic.13. If you are ahappening, you are used to it or are familiar with it.14. If someone sets a tbecomes accepted or fashionable, and that is copied by a lot of other people.15. An enew, difficult, or important that you do or try to do.16. A cof it.17. If you ptry to make people believe that they are that thing.18. In the mtwo events.19. If you eyou cause people to have a particular opinion of you often because you have done something very well. The r____(20) that someone has is the opinion that other people have about them as a result of what they do and the way they behave.21. An oyou to do something that you want to do.22. If you are unot think they are very good, unusual, or worth your attention.23. A tor dug somewhere in order to catch animals or birds.24. Ievent that happens immediately without any delay. It is also used to describe food or some other product that is manufactured in such a way that you can make it ready for eating or using with very little time or effort, for example by just adding water.25. A cthought to be of very high quality and has become standard against which other similar things are judged.26. Aespecially for another person.27. A dshows that you have no doubts about what you are saying.28. If you cannot sfind it or them very difficult to bear or tolerate and you dislike it or them very strongly.29. If things such as ideas, beliefs. or statements s30. An itrue but is in fact false or something that looks like onething in appearance but is another thing in reality, or is not really there at all.答案见下页第一册第9课练习答案1-1: /答案:B1-2: /答案:A1-3: /答案:B1-4: /答案:A1-5: /答案:A1-6: /答案:C1-7: /答案:A1-8: /答案:C1-9: /答案:B1-10: /答案:A1-11: /答案:C1-12: /答案:B1-13: /答案:B1-14: /答案:C1-15: /答案:D1-16: /答案:C1-17: /答案:A 1-18: /答案:C 1-19: /答案:A 1-20: /答案:B 2-1: /答案:juvenile2-2: /答案:mischievous 2-3: /答案:idyllic2-4: /答案:navigable2-5: /答案:panorama3-1: /答案: F3-2: /答案: T3-3: /答案: F3-4: /答案: F答案: T4-1: /答案:am… acquainted with 4-2: /答案:contact4-3: /答案:acquaintanceship4-4: /答案:to drain4-5: /答案:was broke4-6: /答案:succumb4-7: /答案:teems with4-8: /答案:trap4-9: /答案:every bit4-10: /答案:is acknowledged答案:am accustomed to 4-12: /答案:vanished5-1: /答案:eternal5-2: /答案:adventures5-3: /答案:patriotic5-4: /答案:romantic5-5: /答案:humorous5-6: /答案:optimist5-7: /答案:digest5-8: /答案:participate5-9: /答案:diligent答案:Contact5-11: /答案:Gratitude5-12: /答案:column5-13: /答案:accustomed 5-14: /答案:trend5-15: /答案:enterprise5-16: /答案:consequence 5-17: /答案:project5-18: /答案:meantime5-19: /答案:establish5-20: /答案:reputation答案:opportunity 5-22: /答案:unimpressed 5-23: /答案:trap5-24: /答案:Instant5-25: /答案:classic5-26: /答案:Affection5-27: /答案:declaration 5-28: /答案:stand5-29: /答案:sweep5-30: /答案:illusion。

Chapter 9 English Idioms 英语习语

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2.Rhetorical features(修辞色彩) 1) phonetic manipulation （语音处理）：（1）alliteration头韵法（2）rhyme尾韵法 2）lexical manipulation（词法处理）（1）reiteration（duplication of synonyms）同义词并举 [scream and shout] （2）repetition 重复[out and out] （3）juxtaposition (of antonyms) 反义词并置 [here and there]
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Classification of Idioms（英语习语的分类）
1. idioms nominal in nature 名词性习语 (white elephant累赘物)
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2 .idioms adjectival in nature形容词性习语（as poor as a church mouse）
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Variations of idioms(习语的变异形式)：
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1.addition增加
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2.deletion删除
3.replacement替换 4.position-shifting位置转移 5.dismembering分解
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Chapter 9 English Idioms 英语习语
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Idioms（习语的定义）: are expressions that are not readily understandable from their literal meaning of individual elements. In a broad sense, idiom may include colloquialisms （俗语） , Catchphrases （标语） ,slang expressions （俚语）,proverbs（谚语）,etc. They form an important part of the English vocabulary.

化工原理chapter-9--气体吸收自测题

气体吸收单元自测题一、填空题1、吸收操作的依据是,以达到分离气体混合物的目的。

2、Henry定律的表达式为p e=E·x，若某气体在水中的亨利系数E值很大，说明该气体为气体。

3、由于吸收过程中气相中溶质分压总是溶质的平衡分压，因此吸收操作线总是在平衡线的。

4、在1atm、20℃下某低浓度气体混合物被清水吸收，若气膜传质系数为k G=0。

1kmol/（m2.h。

atm)，液膜传质系数k L=0。

25kmol/（m2。

h。

atm),溶质的溶解度系数H=150kmol/（m3。

atm），则该溶质为气体，气相总传质系数K Y= kmol/(m2。

h。

△Y).5、解吸时，溶质由向传递，压力温度将有利于解吸。

6、双膜理论的基本论要点.对气膜控制体系，传质阻力主要集中在相中，对液膜控制体系，传质阻力主要集中在相中。

7、在吸收过程中，若提高吸剂用量，对气膜控制的物系，体积总传质系数K Y a,对液膜控制的物系，体积总传质系数K Y a.8、吸收操作中增加吸收剂用量，操作线的斜率，吸收推动力。

9、当吸收剂用量为最小用量时,则所需填料层高度将为。

10、在常压逆流操作的填料塔中，用纯溶剂吸收混合气中的溶质。

已知进塔气相组成Y1为0.02（摩尔比)，操作液气比为(L/G)=0.9，气液平衡关系为Y=1.0X，则溶质组分的回收率最大可达.11、脱吸因数可表示为，吸收因数可表示为。

12、低浓度逆流吸收操作中，当气体进口含量y1下降，其它条件不变时，则气体出口含量y2，液体出口含量x1，被吸收溶质总量，回收率η，平均推动力△y m，N OL。

（增大、减小、不变、不确定)13、低浓度逆流吸收操作中，其它条件不变而入塔液体含x2下降，则N OL，出塔液体x1，出塔气体y2.(增大、减小、不变、不确定）14、低浓度逆流吸收塔设计中，若气体流量、进出口组成及液体进口组成一定，减小吸收剂用量，传质推动力将,设备费用将。

(增大、减小、不变)二、选择题1、吸收操作的作用是分离( )。

chapter9(类和数据抽象二)

1. 上面两个主程序部分的代码是相似的； 2. 对带有默认值参数的构造函数，不论定义的对象有
多少个，每个对象所完成的工作是相同的；
3. 对构造函数的重载，定义多个对象后，每个对象所完成的工作不一定是相同的。 C++规定：具有默认值参数的构造函数和构造函数的重载不允许
同时出现在同一个类定义中。
§9.3 const对象和const成员函数
§9.3 const对象和const成员函数
【例9-4】假定某数据在平面坐标上的第一个采样点(dx,dy)是随机的，此后沿x轴，每隔dx长度取一个采样点（y轴坐标不变），请输出随后连续5个采样点的坐标。程序：//example9_4.cpp 采用点的坐标输出
§9.4 析构函数的作用
析构函数（destructor）的特点：
第三部分 C++程序设计基础
2012年5月
第九章：类和数据抽象(II)
本章目标
1. 进一步了解和掌握类的特性 2. 了解构造函数的基本功能
3. 了解const限定符的作用
4. 了解析构函数的基本功能 5. 了解复合类和类的静态成员作用
四、constructor (构造函数) §9.2 构造函数的初始化功能
请注意语句：b3=b1; 作用：将对象b1的数据成员的值赋给对象b3的数据成员。
§9.5 类的复合——类可以作为其他类的成员
类的复合（或称为类的组合）：类中成员的类型为另一个已定义好的类。例如，有一个关于日期的类：例如，定义职员（employee）类： class Date{ class Employee{ public: public: Date(int y=0,int m=0,int Employee(char *pname,char d=0); *paddr,int y,int m,int d); ~Date(); ……; void setdate(int y,int m,int d); ……; void getdate(); Private: private: char name[20]; int year; char addr[50]; int month; Date birthday; int day; }; };

高级英语1 lesson 9课后练习答案

EXERCISES 9I. Give brief answers to the following questions, using your own words as much as possible:1) Why is Mark Twain one of America's best-loved authors?2) Give a brief account of Mark Twain's experience before he became a writer.3) Why did the author adopt 'Mark Twain' as his pen name?4) When did Mark Twain become a pilot on a steamboat? How long did he stay there? What did he learn there? What effect did this experience have on his writing?5) Why did Twain leave the river country? What did he do then?6) What story did he write that made him known as "the wild humorist of the Pacific slope”?7) Why did the book, the Innocents Abroad, become an instant best-seller?8) Why is Tom Sawyer as sure to be studied in American schools today as is the Declaration of Independence?9) Why did Twain become bitter late in life?Ⅱ. Paraphrase:1) A man who became obsessed with the frailties of the human race2) Mark Twain digested the new American experience before sharing it with the world as writer and lecturer.3) The cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varied-- a cosmos.4) Broke and discouraged, he accepted a job as reporter with the Virginia City Territorial Enterprise5) Mark Twain began digging his way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist.6)"and when she projects a new surprise, the grave world smiles as usual, and says 'Well, that is California all over’ '"7) Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh.Ⅲ. Translate the following into Chinese:1) From them all Mark Twain gained a keen perception of the human race, of the difference between what people claim to be and what they really are.2) Tom's mischievous daring, ingenuity, and the sweet innocence of his affection for Becky Thatcher are almost as sure to be studied in American schools today as is the Declaration of Independence.3) Mark Twain suggested that an ingredient was missing in the American ambition when he said: "What a robust people, what a nation of thinkers we might be, if we would only lay ourselves on the shelf occasionally and renew our edges."4) In The Mysterious Stranger, he insisted that man drop his religious illusions and depend upon himself, not Providence, to make a better world.5) "... they vanish from a world where they were of no consequence; where they achieved nothing; where they were a mistake and a failure and foolishness; where they have left no sign that they had existed -- a world which will lament them a day and forget them forever. "Ⅳ. Pick out the compound nouns and compound adjectives fry the text and explain their formation.Ⅴ. Give the antonyms of the words listed below:1) optimist 2) savage3) keen 4) to rebuff5) diligently 6) sluggish7) to acknowledge 8) colossal9) tedious 10) drearyⅥ. Pick out all the words and phrases connected with boats and rivers.VII. In this text, a lot of nouns are used as attributes. Pick them out.Models: 1) tramp printer2) steamboat days VIII. Explain how the meaning of the following sentences is affected when the italicized words are replaced with the words in brackets. Pay attention to the shades of meaning of the words.1) Indeed, this nation's best-loved author was every bit as adventurous, patriotic, romantic, and humorous as anyone has ever imagined. (sentimental) (witty)2 ) Tramp printer, river pilot, Confederate guerrilla, prospector, starry-eyed optimist, acid-tongued cynic(critic)3) Lumber, corn, tobacco, wheat, and furs moved dove stream to the delta country (timber)4) From them all Mark Twain gained a keen perception of the human race, of the difference between what people claim to be and what they really are. (proclaim oneself)5) When railroads began drying up the demand for steamboatpilos and the Civil War halted commerce (need) (stop)6) Attacks on the city government, concerning such issues as mistreatment of Chinese, so angered officials that he fled to the gold-fields (ill-treatment)7) It was that population that gave to California a name for getting up astounding enterprises... and a recklessness of cost or consequences. (results)8) In the dreary winter of 1864-65 in Angels Camp, he kept a notebook. ( tedious)9) In New York City the steamship Quaker City prepared to sail on a pleasure cruise to Europe and the Holy Land. (pleasant)10) Twain was assigned to accompany them, as correspondent for a California newspaper. (reporter)11) What a robust people, what a nation of thinkers we might be (healthy)12) he commented with a crushing sense of despair on man's final release from earthly struggles (desperation)IX. The italicized words are used metaphorically. Explain their meanings in your own words and comment on t he suitability of the metaphors in each case.1)Most Americans remember Mark Twain as the father of Huck Finn's idyllic cruise through eternal boyhood and Tom Sawyer's endless summer of freedom and adventure.2) The geographic core, in Twain's early years was the great valley of the Mississippi River, main artery of transportation in the young nation's heart.3) The cast of characters set before him in his new profession was rich and varied -- a cosmos4) Steamboat decks teemed not only with the main current of pioneering humanity, but its flotsam of hustlers, gamblers,and thugs as well.5) He went west by stagecoach and succumbed to the epidemic of glod and silver fever in Nevada's Washoe region.6) For eight months he flirted with the colossal wealth available to the lucky and the persistent, and was rebuffed.7 ) From the discouragement of his mining failures, Mark Twain began digging his way to regional fame as a newspaper reporter and humorist.8) Mark Twain honed and experimented with his new writing muscles.X. Besides metaphors and hyperboles, the writer used many other figures of speech to make his writing more vivid and powerful.Point out the figures used in the following sentences:1) From them all Mark Twain gained a keen perception of the human race, of the difference between what people claim to be and what they really are.2) He tried soldiering for two weeks with a motley band of Confederate guerrillas who diligently avoided contact with the enemy.3) but for making money, his pen would prove mightier than his pickax.( )4) “It was a splendid population – for all the slow,sleepy,sluggish-brained sloths stayed at home” ( )5) "It was that population... and rushing them through with a magnificent dash and daring and a recklessness of cost or consequences” ( )6) Bitterness fed on the man who had made the world laugh.( )7) he commented with a crushing sense of despair on man's fi-nal release from earthly struggles ( )8) a world which will lament them a day and forget themfor-ever ( )XI. Make sentences using the following words in a figurative sense:1) heart 2 ) artery3) current4) hotbed5) to dry up6) to honeXII. In some places the author uses hyperboles (exaggerations for effect) to emphasize his meaning. Try to pick them out.Models: 1) eternal boyhood2) America laughed with him.XIII. Replace the italicized words and phrases with more formal words or expressions:1) Indeed, this nation's best-loved author was every bit as adventurous... as anyone had ever imagined. ( )2) Broke and discouraged, he accepted a job as reporter ( )3) that gave to California a name for getting up astounding enterprises ( )4) and rushing them through with a magnificent dash and daring ( )5) "Well, that is California all over." ( )6) "Coleman with his jumping frog -- bet stranger $50."( )7) Casually he debunked revered artists and art treasures. ( )8) He insisted that man drop his religious illusions ( )ⅩⅣ. Translate the following into English (using the following words or expressions: to find expression in, to shape ... into, to have no choice but, to succumb, not until, to acquaint ... with, that's ... all over, to be obssessed with, to teem with, every bitas ... as, acquaintance, to sb. 's horror, to sb. 's satisfaction): 1）对贫困的担心使他忧虑重重。

chapter-9 大学物理习题精选-电磁感应

i= R =
2分 1分 1分
μ 0 Qa 2ω 0
2 RLt 0
i 的流向与圆筒转向一致．
14.21 两个半径分别为 R 和 r 的同轴圆形线圈相距 x，且 R >>r，x >>R．若大线圈通有电流 I 而小线圈沿 x 轴方向以速率 v 运动，试求 x =NR 时(N 为正数)小线圈回路中产生的感应电动势的大小．
K
K
O
ω
b a
K B
O′
(A) (C) (E) 2abB | cosω t |． (B) (D)
ω abB ω abB | cosω t |．
［ D ］
1 ω abB cos ω t ． 2
ω abB | sinω t |．
14.3 如图，长度为 l 的直导线 ab 在均匀磁场 B 中以速度 v 移动，直导线 ab 中的电动势为 (A) Blv． (B) Blv sinα． (D) 0．［ D ］ (C) Blv cosα．
5
x r I R
v
x
解：由题意，大线圈中的电流Ｉ在小线圈回路处产生的磁场可视为均匀的．
B=
故穿过小回路的磁通量为
μ0
μ 0 IR 2 2πIR 2 = 4π ( R 2 + x 2 ) 3 / 2 2( R 2 + x 2 ) 3 / 2
3分
K K μ0 μ 0 πr 2 RI 2 IR 2 2 Φ = B⋅S = πr ≈ 2 (R 2 + x 2 )3 / 2 2x 3
解：(1) 由法拉第电磁感应定律： Φ = B
i
K
K
1 xy 2
y = tg θ x
x = vt
2分

chapter9 硝化反应

许多药物除去硝基后，其抗菌效力急剧降低。作为表面消毒药的呋喃西啉 (Furacine) 、口服抗血吸虫病药物的呋喃丙胺 (Furapzomidonum)以及治疗细菌性痢疾和肠炎的痢特灵 (学名呋喃唑酮Furazolidonum) 等均为含有硝基的药物。若干硝基化合物还兼具挥发性与香味的特点而成为香料，例如人造麝香 (3— 叔丁基 -2,4,6- 三硝基甲苯) 。在染料方面，例如红色冰染染料系由纳夫妥As(3—羟基—2—苯胺基甲酰萘)与硝基化合物——硝基苯胺的重氮盐偶联而得。双偶氮染料酸性蓝黑为先由对硝基苯胺的重氮盐与H—酸(1—氨基—8—萘酚—3,6—二磺酸)偶联，继而再与氯化重氮苯偶联而得。它们均为含硝基的染料。二苦胺(六硝基二苯胺)为重量法测定钾或由海水中提取钾的重要试剂，它也是硝基化合物。
CH3 O2 N NO2
NO2
(H3C)3C NO2
CH3
由氯化叔丁烷在氯化铝的催化下与间二甲苯反应成1， 3- 二甲基 -5- 叔丁基苯，在用浓硝酸硝化而成。
NO 2 H3C
COCH 3 N N CH CONH
NO 2 H3C
COCH 3 CONH
NH N C
（m.p.=254～257℃）
1125耐晒黄G
+ NaCl + H2O
10% NaOH 100℃,常压
NO 2
NO 2 + NaCl + H2O

满足产品N NO2
由甲苯经三段硝化制得。一段硝化中甲苯被硝化成一硝基甲苯（ MNT ），二段硝化中 MNT 被硝化成二硝基甲苯（DNT）。DNT是重要的炸药。一二段硝化只需浓度 50%左右的硝酸溶液与硫酸混合作硝化剂。一段混酸的成份为HNO313%；H2SO466%；H2O21%。甲苯混酸比约 1 ： 6 。二段混酸成份为： HNO313% ； H2SO476% ； H2O11%。 MNT 、混酸比为 1： 4 ～ 5。一二段硝化原料易得，工艺简单，制成的DNT成本低廉，很适于临时生产。第三段硝化是将DNT硝化为TNT，需要几乎不含水的混酸。一般是先向熔化了的DNT中加入发烟硫酸，再加入浓硝酸。发烟硫酸较缺乏的国家也使用浓硫酸。三段硝化的废酸用于配制二段混酸，余类推。第三段硝化难度较大，不适于临时生产。硝化后分离出的TNT为粗品，含大量有害杂质，必须精制。目前常用的精制方法是亚硫酸钠法。

2019年(外研版)高中英语必修一：语篇提能【9】(含答案)

语篇提能Ⅰ.完形填空I had a very special teacher in high school many years ago and suddenly her husband died of a heart attack. One day，about a week after her husband's __1__，the teacher said, “Before clas s is over, I would like to share with all of you a(n) __2__ in life that is unrelated to this class，but I feel it is very __3__”．“Each of us is put here on __4__ to learn, share, love and appreciate. None of us knows when this fantastic __5__ will end. It can be __6__ at any moment. Perhaps we must make the most out of every single __7__.” Her eyes beginning to __8__，she went on, “So I would like you all to make me a(n) __9__. From now on，on your way, find something beautiful to __10__. It doesn't have to be something you see — it could be a sweet smell or it could be the sound of the __11__ leaves. Please look for these things, and cherish (珍视) them.”The class was completely quiet. We all __12__ our books and got out of the classroom __13__. That afternoon，I noticed more things on my way home from __14__ than I had that whole term. Every once in a moment, I think of that teacher and __15__ what she had said，and I try to appreciate all of those things that __16__ we all ignore.Take notice of something special you see on your lunch hour today. __17__ on the beach at sunset. Stop off on the way home tonight to __18__ an ice cream. For as we get __19__， it is not the things we did that we often feel __20__， but the things we didn't do.1. A. death B. illnessC. newsD. birthday2. A. plan B. answerC. lessonD. suggestion3. A. clear B. sweetC. differentD. important4. A. foot B. earthC. businessD. holiday5. A. game B. experienceC. storyD. party6. A. taken away B. worked outC. put offD. held up7. A. place B. wordC. billD. day8. A. dry B. openC. waterD. roll9. A. exam B. promiseC. dateD. trip10. A. notice B. eatC. learnD. carry11. A. dead B. dirtyC. growingD. falling12. A. turned over B. brought inC. picked upD. passed on13. A. carefully B. quietlyC. patientlyD. happily14. A. school B. hospitalC. factoryD. church15. A. hear B. writeC. rememberD. understand16. A. finally B. neverC. unusuallyD. sometimes17. A. Walk B. LiveC. WorkD. Study18. A. spare B. getC. makeD. smell19. A. closer B. tallerC. olderD. stronger20. A. excited B. surprisedC. proudD. sorry答案与解析语篇解读本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。

高考英语极简语法思维导图与提升专练：第九章倒装例句练习及答案

【第九章倒装例句】养成良好的答题习惯，是决定成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

总之，在最后的复习阶段，学生们不要加大练习量。

在这个时候，学生要尽快找到适合自己的答题方式，最重要的是以平常心去面对考试。

英语语序1.自然语序（主语＋谓语）例：I can jump.2.倒装语序(1)全部倒装（谓语+主语）例：Here are some apples for you.(2)部分倒装例：（谓语一部分放在主语前面）：助动词/系动词/情态动词一、全部倒装1.There be 句型There are some students in the classroom.There lives an old man by the sea.2.Now/then 等（时间）副词谓语句首Now comes your turn.3.表语位于句首倒装结构为“表语+连系动词+主语”形容词做表语Cute is the cat.现在分词做表语Smiling secretly is the cat.过去分词作表语Hidden behind the wall is the cat.介词短语作表语Behind the wall is the cat.4.here/there/out/off/in/up/down/away （地点/方位）等词位于句首Here is the seat for you.Out rushed the children.5.地点介词或词组谓语句首At the foot of the hill lies a beautiful lake.Under the tree was lying a wounded soldier1.否定词或者带有否定含义的词位于句首not, never, seldom,rarely,by no means, in no case,no sooner…than, not only…but also，hardly……whenLittle did he realize how important the meeting is.Hardly does she have time to listen to the music.In no case should you give up your dreams.No sooner had we reached the airport than the plane took off.2.Only+状语/副词、介词词组位于句首.Only in this way are you able to do it well.Only when he returned home did he realized what had happened.3.As 引导的让步状语，把需要的部分提前Child as he is, he has learned a lot.Girl as she was, she was very brave.(名词前无冠词)4."so/nor/neither"+助动词/情态动词/系动词＋主语前面说过的情况也适用于另一个人或者物。