中考英语之词形变换类题型的几个考点
中考英语词汇词形变化总结
中考英语词汇词形变化总结英语词汇的词形变化是学习英语的重要一环,掌握好不同词形的用法可以帮助我们更准确地表达自己的意思。
在中考英语考试中,词汇词形变化也是经常出现的考点之一。
本文将对中考英语常见的词汇词形变化进行总结,以帮助同学们提高应对这一考点的能力。
一、名词的词形变化1. 单数名词变复数名词:大部分名词的复数形式是在其词尾加-s 或-es,如book-books, box-boxes, brush-brushes等。
但是也有一些特殊情况需要注意:- 以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,将-y变为-i,再加-es,如baby-babies, country-countries。
- 以-s, -sh, -ch, -x结尾的名词,在其词尾加-es,如bus-buses, dish-dishes, watch-watches, box-boxes。
- 以-o结尾的名词,在其词尾加-es,如potato-potatoes, tomato-tomatoes。
- 以-f或-fe结尾的名词,将-f或-fe变为-ves,如leaf-leaves, knife-knives。
2. 可数名词变不可数名词:有些名词可以同时作为可数名词和不可数名词,表示单个事物时用作可数名词,表示一类事物时用作不可数名词。
例如,water可以表示一杯水(可数名词),也可以表示水这一类物质(不可数名词)。
3. 名词的单数形式:- 有些名词没有复数形式或者复数形式与单数形式相同,如sheep, fish, Chinese等。
- 有些名词形式变化不规则,如man-men, woman-women, tooth-teeth 等。
二、动词的词形变化1. 动词的时态变化:英语动词的时态变化较为复杂,常见的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时等。
- 一般现在时的基本形式为动词原形,表示经常性或普遍性的动作或状态,如I eat breakfast every day.(我每天吃早饭。
2023年上海中考英语热点重难点专练重难点16 词性转换技巧方法(解析版)
重难点16 词性转换技巧方法(解析版)(建议用时:30分钟)一、出题方向1.出题量最大,也是最难把握的方向——同词根不同词类之间的相互转换常考的相互转换词类有四种:名词、动词、形容词、副词名词→动词、形容词动词、形容词→名词动词→形容词形容词→动词形容词→副词副词→形容词做这样的转换需要平时大量的积累,建立词根词缀的概念,多掌握常用的词缀,灵活变通。
2.最基本题型,必考方向——名词、代词、数词名词考察方向:1. 复数代词考察方向:1. 宾格2. 形容词性、名词性物主代词转换3. 反身代词可能出现数词考察方向:1. 基数词、序数词的拼写与互换 2. 分数可能出现3.简单题型,多练即可把握——比较级最高级需要掌握:1. 比较级和最高级的变化方式 2. 比较级和最高级的辨识关键词4.较难题型,多次转换,反义理解有时候词类之间需要越级变换,要仔细斟酌词类间的修饰关系,确保答案的正确性。
较难题目不仅会越级变换,还需要添加反义,这需要更耐心细致地解题,分析题意。
二、解题技巧1.形容词修饰名词、代词性成分;部分名词也可以修饰名词。
2.动词、形容词、副词需要副词修饰,副词也可以修饰整句话。
3.系动词后一般使用形容词,连系动词后尤其需要注意添加形容词,这点易和实义动词用副词修饰混淆。
4.扎实掌握名词、代词、数词的基本知识。
注意做完需要通读一下,检查反义及动词的时态语态问题。
一、用所给单词的正确形式填空1.________(luck), we caught the plane in time.【答案】Luckily【详解】句意:幸运的是,我们及时赶上了飞机。
分析句式结构可知,此处使用副词修饰句子,luck是形容词,其副词形式为luckily,意为“幸运地”。
故填Luckily。
2.A miracle (奇迹) is something that seems ___________ but happens anyway. (possible)【答案】impossible【详解】句意:奇迹就是看似不可能却发生了的事情。
【初中英语】词形变换答题技法
【初中英语】词形变换答题技法一、考题分析词形变换是各省市中的一个保留题型,它所涉及到的形式主要包括:名词的数与格;代词及其格(主格、宾格、所有格);数词的形式(基数词和序数词);动词(单数第三人称、过去式、过去分词和现在分词)及非谓语动词(动词不定式、动名词和分词);形容词,副词及其比较等级;反义词和同音异义词等。
词形变换题一般有三种出题形式:一种是按括号内的要求转换词形;一种是根据句意,用括号内所给词的适当形式填空;还有一种是括号内给出汉语,要求根据句子意思及所给汉语提示,写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。
第一种题型,即按括号内的要求变换词形比较简单,要做好它靠平时多积累,强化即可。
第二、三种题型较复杂,它涉及动词的时态、语态及各类词之间的相互转化等。
二、答题要做好该类题必须注意以下几点:1.背诵全句,弄清楚句意;2.弄清所给单词的词义、词性以及具体要求。
3.必须考虑到外来语所处的语境及其他词对它的管制;4.注意单词拼写务必正确。
三、空战演练i.用所给名词的正确形式填空。
1.the_______aregoingtofrancebyair.(smith)2.thesecoatsareforwomen.________coatsareoverthere.(man)3.—whereareyougoing?—i’mgoingtomy_______.(uncle)4.howmany______didyouseeonthehill?(boy)5.don’tmakeanynoise.the______aresleeping.(baby)6.______liketoplaythisgame.(child)7.heiswearingapairof_______.(glass)8.howmucharethe_______?(tomato)9.therearemany______inthebook.(photo)10.theradiosaysitwillbecloudyat______.(time)11.hesaidhehadbeentherethree_______.(time)12.alotof______arewatchingthefootballmatch.(people)13.two_____spokeatthemeetingyesterday.(japanese)14.therearesome______infrontofthehouse.(sheep)15.pleasehelpyourselftosome_______.(fish)16.therearemanydifferent______inthelake.(fish)17.hehascaughtten________.(fish)18.therearemany_______overthere.(factory)19.theshopisonehundred_______awayfromhere.(metre)20.bothtomandjimare______teachers.(man)参考答案1.smiths2.men’s3.uncle’s4.boys5.babies6.children7.glasses8.tomatoes9.photos10.times11.times12.people13.japanese14.sheep15.fish16.fishes17.fish(es)18.factories19.metres20.men。
词形变换类题型的几个考点.
词形变换类题型的几个考点一、可数名词单数变复数类: 1.规则变化 :(1) (2) (3) ( 4)(5)以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词变 f 或 fe 为 v 加-es 。
如:leaf f leaves, knife f knives, shelf f shelves wife f wives 等。
2.不规则变化的名词要熟记:man f men, woman f women,child f children,foot f feet,toothfteeth ,mouse f mice,people f people, sheep f sheep, Chinese f Chinese , Japanese f Japanese , deer f deer 二、 动词 / 名词变形容词类: 1. 在动词后加后缀 -ful, 如: care f careful;use f useful; thankfthankful; help f helpful;wonder f wonderful forget f forgetful 2.在名词后加 -y, 如:luck f lucky, cloud f cloudy; wind f windy; rain sunny, snow f snowy noise-noisy health f healthy3.在名词后加 -ly, 如:friend f friendly4.方位名词加 -ern ,如: east f eastern west 三、 形容词加后缀变成名词 1.形容词加 -ty 变成名词,safe f safety 2.形容词加 -th 变成名词,true f truth四、 形容词变副词类:形容词修饰名词、代词等作定语或表语;1.一般形容词词尾加 -ly 变成副词,如: slow f slowly clear f clearly careful f carefully sudden fsuddenly real safe f safely wide f widely 2 .以“辅音字母+y ”结尾的,要变y 为i 加-ly ,如:easy f easily , happy f happily , heavy f heavily , lucky f luckily , busy f busily angry f angrily; 3.以元音字母+ e 结尾,去e 加-ly ,如:一般情况加 -s, 如 : girls, books, pens, bags, boys, days 等。
英语中词性之间转换的规律总结,掌握了它逢考必过
英语中词性之间转换的规律总结,掌握了它逢考必过展开全文词性之间的转换词性之间的转换,大致可以分为三种类型:一、形容词变为副词的方法:1.一些以“辅音字母+ y”结尾的形容词,要把y改为I再加-ly。
例如:Happy→happily, angry→angrily, luck→luckily, noisy→noisily 等。
2.有些以-ble或-le结尾的形容词,去掉e之后加-y。
例如:possible→possibly, terrible→terribly等。
3.大多数以e 结尾的形容词直接加-ly构成副词。
例如:polite→politely, wide→widely等。
少数以e结尾的形容词,要去掉e再加-ly。
例如:true→truly等。
注意:以l结尾的形容词变为副词时仍然要在词尾加-ly,而不是只加-ly。
除非是以-ll结构的单词才只在词尾加-ly。
例如:careful→carefully, useful→usefully, full→fully等。
二、动词变为名词的三种方式:1.词形不变,词性改变。
例如:work, study, water, plant等词既可以用作动词,也可以用作名词。
2.一些动词在词尾加上-er或-or之后就变成了表示“某一类人”的名词。
例如:work→worker, teach→teacher, run→runner, invent→inventor, visit→visitor等。
3、在动词词尾加-ing变成名词。
例如:shop→shopping, swim→swimming, write→writing, build→building等。
三、名词变为形容词的七种方式:1.在名词后面加y,可以变成形容词。
例如:rain→rainy, luck→lucky, sun→sunny, fun→funny, noise→noisy, ice→icy等。
2.一些抽象名词在词尾加-ful变为形容词。
中考复习之词性转换专题
一、词形转换题的解题方法单词形式变化主要有两种:一是词的形、数、式的变化,一是词的派生变化。
在判断出词的变化之后还应该进一步审题,看是否需要使用复合的变化形式,这一点是很重要的。
做题时根据句子的意思和相关的词类、句法知识,首先确定空白处单词的词性,再把所给的单词变换成相应的形式。
例如:Mary works very(careful).分析:句中填副词形式carefully,因为修饰动词要用副词形式。
这时的词语变化主要集中在单词的变化上,也就是各种词性的变化和转换。
做这类题除了要了解各种词性的变化形式,还有一点十分重要,那就是语感。
如果你平时的口语比较好,朗读比较自然,你通常可以准确地读出答案来。
如:It's dangerous to run(cross) the street.分析:填across是根据前面的动词run得出的,因为通常情况下两个动词原形是不能一起使用的,而且常见到run across the street这种结构。
这类试题要求很高,做题时必须“形”“义”兼顾,根据句子内容,综合运用所学知识,既要考虑用词的准确,又要考虑词形变换,有时需进行两次变形。
如:Some famous(science) are going to give lectures in our university in August.分析:要先变science为scientist,然后根据前面的Some和后面的are将scientist变成复数形式scientists o二、词形转换题的解题技巧做好词形转换题,除了掌握正确的答题方法,在平时的学习过程中打好基础,练好基本功,还要掌握以下几点技巧:技巧一:名词形式变化。
名词的形式变化主要有单数、复数、所有格的变化。
例1:There are many students living at school; the(child) houses are all far from school.8.When arriving at the camp, we (ask) to ski (滑雪)down to filed by the coach.(2016嘉兴中考)9.She said the program (design) for some of the brighter teenagers to experience a different culture.10.They said it was dangerous for me, a girl, (travel) alone.11. 1 (keep) telling them I had been on a plane on my own before.(2016金华中考)12.The children rushed out of the classroom as soon as the bell(ring) for the end of class.When I go outside (play) games, he would drive our cats up to the trees.(2016台州中考)13.When Tony got to school, he found the classroom door is still(lock).14.When David's mother got back, he (play) games with John.Keys:1. left2. wants3. wondered4. join5. discusses6. is shinning7. increased8. were asked 9. was designed 10. to travel 11. kept 12. rang 13. to play 14. was playing技巧三:代词形式变化。
初中英语词形变化规则用法知识点的总结
初中英语词形变化规则主要规则汇总一、名词单数变复数主要有以下规则一、绝大多数的可数名词的复数形式,是在该词末尾加上后辍-s。
读音变化:结尾是清辅音读[s],结尾是浊辅音或元音读[z]。
例:friend→friends; cat→cats; style→styles; sport→sports; piece→pieces二、凡是以s、x、ch、sh结尾的词,在该词末尾加上后辍-es构成复数。
读音变化:统一加读[iz]。
例:bus→buses; fox→foxes; match→matches; flash →flashes box →boxes; watch →watches; actress →actresses; class →classes; coach(长途车)→coaches; dress →dresses; sandwich→sandwiches;toothbrush →toothbrushes; waitress(女侍者)→waitresses三、以辅音字母 y结尾的名词,将y改变为i,再加-es。
读音变化:加读[z]。
例:candy→candies; daisy(雏菊)→daisies; fairy→fairies; lady→ladies; story→storiesstrawberry →strawberries; baby →babies; puppy →puppies; library →libraries; dictionary→dictionaries; cherry →cherries; activity →activities四、以-o结尾的名词,如果不是外来词或缩写,就加-es,否则加-s构成复数。
(有生命的加es,无生命的加s)读音变化:加读[z]。
例:tomato→tomatoes; potato→potatoes五、以-f或-fe结尾的名词,多为将-f或-fe改变为-ves,但有例外。
中考英语之词形变换类题型的几个考点
词形变换类题型的几个考点一、可数名词单数变复数类:1.规则变化:(1)一般情况加-s, 如: girls, books, pens, bags, boys, days等。
(2)以s, x, ch, sh结尾加-es, 如: buses, boxes, watches, brushes等。
(3)以o结尾的名词,无生命的名词多加-s,有生命的名词多加-es。
(4)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词, 变y为i加-es, 如: city→ cities, story →stories(5)以f或fe结尾的名词变f或fe为v加-es。
如:leaf→leaves, knife→knives, shelf→shelves等。
(roof→roofs)2.不规则变化的名词要熟记:man→men, woman→women, child→children, foot→feet, tooth→teeth, mouse→mice,people→people, sheep→sheep, Chinese→Chinesedeer→deer Japanese→Japanese二、名词变形容词类:1.在动词或名词后加后缀-ful, 如:care→careful; use→useful; thank→thankful;help→helpful; beauty→beautiful; wonder→wonderfulforget→forgetful2.在名词后加-y, 如:luck→lucky, cloud→cloudy; wind→windy;rain→rainy; sun→sunny, snow→snowynoise-noisy health→healthy3.在名词后加-y, 如:friend→friendly love→lovely day→daily4.方位名词加-ern,如:east→eastern west→western south→southernnorth→northern northeast→northeastern6.在名词后加-less, 变成否定含义的形容词。
中考英语词性转换解题技巧及易错点讲解
中考英语词性转换解题技巧及易错点讲解一、考点分析词性转换题是中考的必考题型。
词性转换要求学生根据具体的句子,用所给单词的正确形式填空。
主要考查考生对词汇的掌握程度以及对一些常用的词缀的使用。
词形转换是指同一词根派生出的名词、形容词、副词、动词以及反义词等词形的相互转换。
二、专题详解词性转换解题技巧强化解题策略:①仔细阅读题干,正确理解上下文。
②判断空白处应填哪种词性。
③根据所给词进行转化,使之变为相应的词。
④仔细检查,确定答案。
解题依据必定是从句子成分上来分析所填词的词性。
例如:名词多作主语或宾语,形容词多作定语或表语,动词作谓语等。
解题技巧1. 形容词修饰名词;2. 副词修饰形容词;3. 名词修饰名词4. 前面是不定代词(some(something,somebody,someone),any(anything,anybody,anyone), no(nothing,nobody,no one), every(everything,everybody,everyone,),all,each,both,much,many,(a)little,(a)few,other(s),another,none,one,either,neither等)所填词多为名词;5. 前面是助动词(be, have, has,do, does,shall, did,will, should, would),所填词多为动词;掌握词性转换的基本知识和词性变化规则,尤其是常见的后缀变化。
根据所判断的词类,联想所填词可能出现的形式或可能搭配的后缀。
词性转换分类汇总I.形容词——副词1、加lyquiet安静的 quick 快速的 slow慢的 beautiful美丽的 bright明亮的 careful仔细的 certain一定clear清楚 loud大声 sad难过的 wide广泛 serious严重的 usual通常 final最后 safe安全real真的 recent最近的 main主要的 accurate精确的2、去y加ilyeasy容易的 heavy大量angry生气的 hungry饥饿的happy 快乐的 lucky幸运的3、le结尾的,去e变ypossible可能 gentle轻柔的4、不变hard难的;努力地,猛烈地 fast 快early早 late 晚enough足够 straight笔直II. 动词——名词1、加er、or、ress加erfarm 耕种—农民 drive 驾驶—驾驶员司机teach 教—老师 work 工作—工人 write 写—作家 report 报道—记者 win 赢(winner)—获胜者 own 拥有—owner拥有者 paint画、粉刷---画家 manage 经营—经理 record 记录—录音机加oract--actor 男演员 visit—visitor观光者 invent--inventor 发明家 calculate—calculator计算器加resswait—waitress女服务员 act—actress女演员2、加ion结尾add—add i tion 增加 collect—collection 收集 discuss—discussion讨论 decide—decision决定 invent—invention发明物 invite—invitation 邀请 operate—operation手术 pollute—pollution 污染review—revision 复习 solve—solution解答 organize—organization组织 locate—location地点suggest—suggestion建议 protect---prote ction 保护3、加ingbegin—begi nn ing开始 build—building大楼 say—saying 谚语 paint—painting 绘画meet—meeting 会议4、其他serve—service 服务 speak—speech 演讲、言语 fish—fisherman 渔夫 enter—entrance 入口know—knowledge 知识 weigh—weight 重量 please—pleasure 愉快 develop—development 发展choose—choice选择 tour—tourist 游客die—death 死亡 succeed—success 成功fly—flight 飞行、航班 memorize—memory 记忆mix—mixture 混合物 cook—cook 厨师save—safety 安全 act—activity 活动 able—ability 能力III. 名词——名词art艺术—artist画家 science—scientist 科学家city—citizen市民 custom—customer 顾客office—officer 官员 engine—engineer工程师 friend—friendship 友谊business—businessman男商人 business—businesswoman女商人library—librarian 图书管理员 law法律—lawyer律师IV. 名词——形容词1、名词后加fulcare—careful 小心的 use—useful 有用的 help—helpful有帮助的 thank—thankful 感激的wonder—wonderful精彩的 power—powerful 强大的 harm—harmful 有害的2、名词后加ycloud—cloudy 多云的 rain—rainy 下雨的 wind—windy 有风的 snow—snowy 下雪的sun—su nn y 晴朗的 noise—noisy 吵闹的 health—healthy 健康的 fun—funny 滑稽的luck—lucky 幸运的3、名词后加lyfriend—friendly 友好的 love—lovely 可爱的 live—lively 活泼的4、形容词以al 结尾nation—national 国家的 education--educational 教育的 nature—natural 自然的tradition—traditional 传统的 medicine—medical 医药的 physics—physical 物理的chemistry—chemical 化学的 history—historical 历史的5、名词末尾的ce变成tdifference(s)—different 不同 importance—important 重要的6、名词后加enwood—wooden木制的 gold—golden金色的 (wool—woolen 羊毛的)7、名词以ness结尾kindness仁慈—kind仁慈的 illness病疾病--- ill有病的不健康的8、形容词后加ydifficult—difficulty 困难 honest—honesty诚实9、形容词后加domfree—freedom 自由 wise—wisdom 聪明10、其他danger—dangerous 危险的office—official 官方的、正式的fool傻瓜—foolish 愚蠢的west—western 西方的height高度— high高的 length长度—long 长的favour恩惠—favourite 最喜欢的foreigner外国人—foreign 外国的home家—homeless 无家可归的expense费用—expensive 昂贵的 truth真相—true 真实的wound创伤—wounded 受伤的pleasure—pleasant 另人愉快的/ pleased 满意的response相应反映--- responsible 负责的有责任的electricity电—electric电的—electrical 与电有关的—electronic 电子的V. 动词——形容词interest引起兴趣—interesting 有趣的/ interested 感兴趣的excite—exciting 令人激动的/ excited激动的 freeze—freezing 寒冷的/ frozen 冷冻的frighten—frightening 令人害怕的/ frightened害怕的forget—forgetful健忘的 / unforgettable 难忘的 depend—independent 独立的有主见的like—likely很有可能发生的有希望的 realize意识到—real 真的break—broken 碎的 follow—following 下面的 fill—full 满的、饱的enjoy—enjoyable使人愉快的 change—changeable 多变的 act—active 积极的attract—attractive 吸引人的 die—dead 死的 widen拓宽—wide 宽的 live—alive活的VI. 前缀possible—impossible (polite, patient)可能—不可能 tell—retell说—复述build—rebuild 建造—重建healthy—unhealthy健康的—不健康的honest—dishonest诚实—不诚实的appear—disappear出现—消失like—dislike 喜欢—不喜欢male—female 男性—女性VII. 国名——国籍Australia—Australian America—American Canada—Canadian Britain—British England—English Italy—ItalianFrance— French Germany—German (德国人复数German s)强化练习从句子成分角度完成下列习题:1. Thanksgiving is a ______ festival in the USA and Canada. (tradition)2. There were only a few _____ from the air-crash. (survive)3. After careful ____, the committee decided to recommend Mr. Smith for the post. (consider)4. Do you agree that it is important to make yourself _____? (understand)5. I’ve lived in Chongqing for several years and I’m now used to _______hot food. (eat)6. He has to check the _____ of a difficult word before he uses it. (spell)7. The businessman lost a _______ chance to make a big fortune. (gold)9. In some parts of this city, missing a bus means ______ for another hour. (wait)10. Her early ______ gave everyone a big surprise. (arrive)11. The little girl gave an ______ wonderful performance last night. (extreme)12. The more challenging the journey is, the ______ the young people will feel. (happy)13. There has not been a favorable ______ to your plan so far. (respond)14. After they got on the bus, they found two _______. (sit)15. What we have had is just part of the truth. We should try to get ___________ information about it. (far)16. Now more and more gardens are being built in our __________. (neighbour)17. _________ speaking, the computer has become an important part of our life. (general)18. It will ______ rain this afternoon, for the sky is so dark now. (impossible)19. Many people in China are not familiar with ________ customs. (west)20.The room is so dirty that a lot of __________ can be seen running here and there. (mouse)21. It's rude to look ________ at a person. (straight)22. There is no short-cut to _________. ( succeed )23. The reporter went to the sea with several _________ to look for the lost boat. (fish)24. There are many places of ________ interest in Shanghai. (history)25. Mr. Marko is one of the __________ of that factory. (engine)26. It’s ten _________ walk from here. You needn’t take a bus. (minute)27. Jacky told us an ________ story that everybody laughed happily. (amusement)28. Thanks for _______ me. I’ll do my best. (choice)29. It’s much ___________ to swim with your friend than to swim alone. (safe)30. It was snowing _________ outside. (hard)31. How many ___________ lessons do you have every week? (physical)32. They were well ____________ at a friend’s house. (service)33. The sun gives us light and ________. (hot)34. We saw her running _________ the street just now. (cross)35. I’ll do my homework more __________ next time. (care)36. In _________ to hard work, we need some good ways to succeed. (add)37. In the past punishment(惩罚)was decided by the university. The student had no ___________ but to accept it. (choose)38. A ___________ sight stopped them from going forward. (frighten)39. The visitors are ________ students. (main)40. Of all the boys, Li Ming studies ______. (hard)41. These modern machines work ____. (automatic)42. Actions speak _____ than words. (loud)43. I _________ where he comes from. (wonderful)44. We tried all sorts of __________, but they were all useless. (medical)45. Carl looks much ________ than before. (health)46. The little boy can run a marathon in __________ than three hours. (little)47. The lost calculator has been returned to its __________. (own)48. Even __________, he lost his job. (bad)49. Life today is becoming harder and busier, so everyone should have his own way of __________. (relax)50. I am fond of _________ fiction. (scientist)51. Could you tell me whether it is a ________ change or a physical change? ( chemistry )52. The students are not allowed to touch the ________ without permission. ( chemistry )53. Do you know who the telephone was________ by? (invention)54. We went to a beautiful lake and spent an _______________ day. (forget)55. What _____________ weather we are having now! (freeze)56. He tried to make more money to work out a solution to travelling _____________ (expensive)57. She _______ her face with her hands. (discover)58. Our house____________ an area of 200 square metres. (discover)59. The great_______ always teaches me how to _______ the ________ (paint)60. He is one of the most famous _________ in the university. (professional)答案:1-5 traditional;survivors;consideration;understood;eating6-10 spelling;golden;experienced;waiting;arrival;11-15 extremely;happier;response;seats;further16-20 neighborhood;Generally;possibly;western;mice21-25 straight;success;fishermen;historical;engineers;26-30 minutes';amusing;choosing;safer;hard31-35 physics;served;heat;across;carefully36-40 addition;choice;frightening;mainly;hardest41-45 automatically;louder;wonder;medicine;healthier46-50 less;owner;worse;relaxation;science51-55 chemical;invented;unforgettable;freezing55-60 expense;covered;covers;painter- paint-painting ;professor。
九年级英语词性转换知识点
九年级英语词性转换知识点词性转换是学习英语词汇的重要一环,它可以帮助我们更好地理解单词在句子中的用法和语言表达的意义。
在九年级英语学习中,词性转换知识点需要我们掌握和灵活运用的,下面将从名词、动词、形容词和副词四个方面,介绍九年级英语词性转换的知识点。
一、名词的转换名词是指表示人、事物、地点等概念的词语,它可以通过加前缀、后缀或者变化词形来转换词性。
1. 从名词转换为形容词:在名词后面加上形容词后缀,如-ful、-able等。
例如:名词:care(关怀)形容词:careful(关心的)2. 从名词转换为动词:在名词前面或后面加上动词前缀或后缀,如un-、dis-、-en等。
例如:名词:agree(同意)动词:disagree(不同意)3. 从名词转换为副词:在名词后面加上副词后缀-ly。
例如:名词:quick(快)副词:quickly(快速地)二、动词的转换动词是表示动作、状态或者存在的词语,它可以通过加前缀、后缀或者变化词形来转换词性。
1. 从动词转换为名词:在动词前面加上名词前缀或者后缀,如re-、-ion等。
例如:动词:help(帮助)名词:helper(帮助者)2. 从动词转换为形容词:在动词后面加上形容词后缀-able、-ing等。
例如:动词:interest(使感兴趣)形容词:interesting(有趣的)3. 从动词转换为副词:在动词后面加上副词后缀-ly。
例如:动词:quick(快)副词:quickly(快速地)三、形容词的转换形容词是用来描述名词的性质、特征和状态的词语,它可以通过加前缀、后缀或者变化词形来转换词性。
1. 从形容词转换为名词:在形容词前面加上名词前缀-ness、-ity等。
例如:形容词:happy(快乐的)名词:happiness(快乐)2. 从形容词转换为动词:在形容词前面加上动词前缀-ize、-en 等。
例如:形容词:modern(现代的)动词:modernize(使现代化)3. 从形容词转换为副词:在形容词后面加上副词后缀-ly。
牛津深圳版中考英语七年级上册词形变化考点总结
中考七上考点总结词汇短语部分七A UNIT1-2考点总结1. __________ (n)德国--__________ (n)德国人--__________ (adj)德国的2. sound(n)___________(v)___________※系动词+ adj(拓展系动词)plete(v)___________=___________--____________(adj)--___________(adv)4.everyone(pron)__________ everything(pron)__________anyone(pron)____________ anything(pron)____________someone(pron)___________ something(pron)___________5.elder(adj)___________ older(adj)___________※区别elder/older6.__________ (adj)友好的-- __________ (n)朋友与......交朋友_____________________ 对......友好____________________7. __________ (n)爱好--__________(复数)8. __________ (n)日本--__________ (n)日本人;日语--__________(adj)日本的9. __________ (n)公寓=____________10. 反身代词:我自己___________________________ 你自己________________________她自己___________________________ 他自己_______________________ 它自己_________________________我们自己_______________________你们自己_________________________ 他们自己_______________________11. close to_______=__________=____________12. be good ______= do well ______13. 三个“想要做某事”__________________=_______________________=______________________14. 全世界_____________________=_______________________15. daily(adj)_________=____________--__________(n)※区分everyday与every day16.频率副词(由高到低)__________--________--________--________--________17.break(n)________=_________--休息一下____________=____________(v)________break短语总结:break into __________________ break out __________________break up __________________ break down _______________break off _________________ break away _______________18. ring(v)__________ (n)__________--铃声响了________________19.end(v)_________--最后________________=________________=________________--at the end of ___________________--by the end of ____________________20.__________练习(n)--___________(v)--练习做某事___________________--熟能生巧________________________21._____________(adv)在一起=_____________________22.grade(n)__________/___________23.初级中学____________________ 高级中学____________________大学____________=________________24.参加_______________=______________=______________※区分三个“参加”以及join25.过得愉快= =26.去睡觉=七AUNIT 3-4考点总结1.quiz(n)___________=_____________2.protect(v)__________=__________--____________(n)3.report(n)____________--_____________(n)记者据报道_________________________4.part(n)_________--......一部分__________________5.field(n)__________/___________rge(adj)__________=__________=__________7.provide(v)__________=__________※provide与offer的用法8.pollution(n)________--_____________(v)=______________9.burn(v)_________=___________10.energy(n)_________--_____________(adj)11.kill(v)_______=___________12.must(modal v.)_______=______________--mustn’t___________13.important(adj)__________--_____________(n)做某事是重要的__________________________eg: ____________________________________________________________ 14.fact(n)_________事实上_______________=___________________=__________________15.own(adj)________ v.___________=___________ --_____________(n)16.few(adj)_________※区分a few,a little, few, little17.problem(n)_________=_______________=_______________※区分problem与question解决问题_________________ 回答问题__________________18.Australia(n)____________--_____________(adj)19.blow(v)_________--__________(过去式)20.trip(n)________=_____________=______________=______________去旅行________________21.shine(v)_____________--_________(adj)22.brightly(adv)________--_________(adj)23.picnic(n)_________去野餐_______________=________________24.snowy(adj)_________--__________(n)堆雪人____________________25.relative(n)__________--___________(v)--______________(n)关系与......相关_______________________26. spend相关的3个短语________________________________________________________________________;_______________________________7A U5-U6考点总结Unit 51.diary(n)_____________--写日记______________2.space(n)_____________/______________3.nervous(adj)_________--__________(n) 对......紧张________________4.leave(v)________--_______(过去式) 前往某地________________5.able(adj)_________--_________(n)--有能力做某事__________________=__________________=____________________6.tie(v)________ (n)________ --把......系到......上___________________7.没有(prep)_________--有(prep)__________ + n/v-ing8.weak(adj)__________--_________________(n)9.呼吸(v)_____________--______________(n)--气喘吁吁__________________--屏住呼吸_____________________--呼吸新鲜空气____________________10.if(conj)__________/______________eg:______________________________________________________________ ______eg:______________________________________________________________ ______11.work(v)__________/___________(n)______________[U]/_______________[C]--艺术品______________________12.return(v)_____________=______________________________=_________________13.more than_________=__________14.have to_____________=_______________15.so that_________--so...that...________________16.和......一样_______________=__________________17.例如__________________=___________________Unit 6 n.________2. adj. 传统的________3._________ adj. 现代的;近代的4.sightseeing n. _________→ v. _________5.centre n. 中心点;中心→ adj. __________6.building n. 建筑→ v. __________建造过去式_________7.just adv. __________8.across prep. 在…对面,在…对过→ 另一个意思:___________9.light v. 照亮;使明亮→ 另一个意思:___________ 词性:_________10.natural adj. 自然的;天然的→ n. __________11.beauty n. 美;美丽→adj. __________12.bridge n. ___________13.outside prep. 在…外面→ 反义词:___________14.dumpling n. 饺子;汤团→ 复数:___________II重点短语:1.___________ 旅游手册2. go ___________去观光3.one of the +形容词______ + 名词______表示“最........之一”4.in the center of…___________5.refer __________ 提到,涉及,指的是6.walk ________沿着,顺着7. _________ __点亮,照亮8. ____________ ____ 名胜古迹→复数:___________9. in _______ direction 在每个方向10. be ________ ___ school 没上学11. find out __________12. in the ___________ of… 在…西北部13. call sb. ___________14. 鸟瞰15. ___________ the Internet在网上16. _________________看海豚表演7A U7-U8考点总结1.fair(n)________(adj)_______--________(adj)不公平的2.power(n)________--__________(adj)3.attend(v)_________=_______________=______________(v)____________(另外的意思)--出席会议_________________ 去上学___________________=____________ 4.teach(v)__________ 过去式________ 过去分词_________ --__________(n) --教某人做某事__________________5.disappear(v)__________=_____________--____________(反)※拓展appear的用法6.surprised(adj)_____________--surprising(adj)_____________对......吃惊_____________________7.区分another、other、others、the other、the others8.bored(adj)____________--boring(adj)______________9.recent(adj)___________--______________(adv)10.从......学习......________________________________11.关于way短语总结:in the way____________________ on the way (to)________________in this way____________________ in a ...... way__________________in a way____________________ by the way__________________all the way__________________12.关于look短语总结:look at___________ look out__________look into__________ look for____________look after__________ look over__________ look up____________look through________13.unusual(adj)___________=______________--usual(adj)__________=__________=__________--as usual___________14.interview(n/v)__________--____________(n)采访者--_____________(n)受采访者15.front(adj)___________※区分in front of_________________________in the front of______________________16.银色的(adj)____________--金色的(adj)_____________17.push(v)_________--pull(v)__________18.inside(adv)___________--outside(adv)_______________19.follow(v)________/_________=_________--遵循某人的建议_______________________20.hard(adj/adv)___________hardly(adv)____________=________________21.free(adj)_________/__________/__________ --_______________(n)--在某人空闲的时间里___________________=_____________________ 22.really(adv)_______--_________(adj)--___________(n)--事实上______________=______________=_____________23.over(prep)_______________=_____________24.对......有害____________________=______________________25.艺术作品______________________ 对...感兴趣_____________________。
中考英语初二上下册复习专题之词形变换(二)
中考英语初二上下册复习专题之词形变换(二)初二上下册unit 1 Topic 1~Topic 31.科学:科学家:科学的:科技:2.音乐:音乐家:音乐的:3.警察:男警察:女警察:渔民(pl):4.健康:健康的:健康地:不健康地:身体好:保持健康:5.世纪(pl):私人:个人的:亲自:6.英雄(pl)赢得:过去式/过去分词:赢家:赢得比赛:7.成长:过去式/过去分词:长大成人:8.邮寄:邮差:邮差(pl):9.花费;度过:过去式/过去分词:用法:10.放松:感到放松的:令人放松的:11.使..兴奋:感到兴奋的:令人兴奋的:兴奋:对..感到兴奋的:12.发明:发明家:发明(n):13.变成:过去式/过去分词:14.跟随:下面的:遵守规则15.抓住: 过去式/过去分词:坚持:16.碰撞:过去式/过去分词:17.站立:过去式/过去分词:代表:18.听说:过去式/过去分词:收到..来信:19.感觉:过去式/过去分词:想要:20.打破:过去式/过去分词:打破:21.坏的:比较级/最高级:对..有害:22.生病的:疾病:患病:23.确定的:不确定的:确定地:24.生气的:生气地:生气:25.主要的:主要地:26.能够的;有能力的:能力:能够..:27.真实的:真正地:虚假的:28.玩耍:运动员:扮演重要角色:29.做梦:过去式/过去分词:梦想做..:30.打电话:过去式/过去分词:打电话:31.金子:金黄色的:32.欢呼声:快乐的:使振作:为..加油:33.离开:过去式/过去分词:动身:34.打架:为..作斗争:为..奋斗:35.适合的:过去式/过去分词:保持健康:unit 2 Topic 1~Topic 31.药:医疗的:吃药:2.牙齿:复数:刷牙:牙痛:3.建议(v):建议(n):提建议:4.躺:过去式/过去分词:现在分词:5.扮演:活跃的:演员:活动:6.建筑:过去式/过去分词:楼房:7.建议(v):建议(n):建议某人做..:采纳某人的建议:8.糟糕的:糟糕地:9.严重的:严重地:认真对待:10.虚弱的:软弱:不擅长:11.可能的:可能地:可能性:不可能的:12.最终的:最后:13.担忧:担心的:担心..:14.惊喜:惊奇的:令人吃惊的令某人吃惊的是:15.吸烟:吸烟者:香烟:16.胖的:比较级/最高级:瘦的:unit 3 Topic 1~Topic 31.诗:诗人:诗集:写诗:2.乐趣:有趣的:玩的开心:同义词:3.小提琴:小提琴手:4.平静:和平的:和平地:5.文化:文化的:中国文化:6.饥饿:饥饿的:7.收集:收藏品:集邮:8.粘贴:过去式/过去分词:坚持:9.介绍:介绍(n):介绍..给.:10.借出:过去式/过去分词:借进:11.接待:服务:12.同意:不同意:同意:13.出售:过去式/过去分词:卖光:14.打败:过去式/过去分词:15.燃烧:过去式/过去分词:16.醒来:过去式/过去分词:醒着的:17.奇迹:精彩的:难怪:18.使用:有用的:无用的:19.匹配:复数:20.剪;切:过去式/过去分词:砍到:21.黑色的:黑暗:unit 4 Topic 1~Topic 31.自然:天然的:2.绵阳:驯服者;绵阳(pl):3.死亡:死的:临终的:死亡(n)4.保护:保护(pl):保护..免受:5.喂养:过去式/过去分词:以..为食:6.思念;错过:失踪的:7.摇动:过去式/过去分词:握手:8.理解:过去式/过去分词:9.出现:消失:外观;起源:10.发送:过去式/过去分词:发出:11.知道:过去式/过去分词:有学识的:12.瘦的:比较级/最高级:肥胖的:13.悲伤的:悲伤地:忧伤14.正确的:正确地:真相;事实:15.使满意:快乐:高兴的:令人高兴的:16.清楚的:清楚地:清理:走开:17.正确的:正确地:纠正:unit 5 Topic 1~Topic 31.环境:环境的:2.噪音:吵闹的:宁静的:3.邀请:邀请(n):4.居住:充满趣味的:活着的:5.失败:失败(n):成功:6.感觉:过去式/过去分词:感觉(n):7.处理;给予:过去式/过去分词:处理:8.决定:决定(n):决定做..:9.通常的:通常地:罕见的:10.特别的:尤其;专门:11.轻柔的:轻柔地:12.沉默的:沉默:保持沉默:13.自豪的:骄傲:为..感到骄傲:14.有病的:疾病:健康的:15.困难的:困难:容易的:16.闻;气味:过去式/过去分词:17.爱;喜爱:可爱的:爱好者:18.帮助:助手:有帮助的:帮助某人做..:向某人寻求帮助:情不自禁做:19.大声的:大声地:unit 6 Topic 1~Topic 31.加拿大:加拿大人:亚洲:亚洲人:2.旅游:旅行者:旅游业:同义词:3.优势:缺点:法国:法语:4.中心:中心的:欧洲:欧洲的::5.村庄:村民:污染:污染(n)6.支付:过去式/过去分词:为..付款:7.等待:男服务员:女服务员:等待:8.获胜:过去式/过去分词:获胜者::向..解释清楚:9.解释:解释(n)10.恰当的恰当地不恰当的11.全部:完全的总计:12.安全的:安全:安全地:危险的:13. 安慰;舒服: 舒服的: 不舒服的:14. 缓慢的: 缓慢地: 快速的:15. 小心(v ): 小心的: 粗心地: 小心(n ):16. 北方: 北方的: 东方: 东方的:17. 南方: 南方的: 西方: 西方的:unit 7 Topic 1~Topic 31. 印度: 印度人: 俄罗斯: 俄罗斯人:2. 非洲: 非洲人: 日本: 日本人:3. 绅士: 绅士(pl ):4. 成功: 成功的: 成功地: 成功做..:5. 想象(v ): 想象(n ): 有想象力的: 想象力:6. 放;置: 建立: 释放: 摆放餐具:7. 教育(v ): 教育(n ): 有教育意义的:8. 发展(v ): 发展(n ): 发展中的:发达的: 随着..的发展:9. 快速的: 快速地: 快速发展:10. 有礼貌的: 有礼貌的: 没礼貌的:11. 值得..的 值得做某事:12. 后悔: 后悔的: 后悔做某事: unit 8 Topic 1~Topic 31. 围巾: 围巾(pl ):2. 原因: 理智的: 理智地:3. 办公室: 办公室职员: 高级官员:4. 传统: 传统的: 同义词:5. 个人: 个人的: 亲自:6. 讨论(v ): 讨论(n ):7. 选择(v ): 过去式/过去分词: 选择(n ):8. 意思是: 意义: 有意义的:过去式/过去分词: 决定做..:9. 决定于: 依靠的:: 依靠: 独立的:10. 进入: 入口:11. 传播: 过去式/过去分词: 展开:12. 混合(v ): 混合(n ): 混合:13. 光滑的: 光滑地: 粗糙的:14. 简单的: 简单地: 简化:15. 类似的: 类似地: 与..类似:16. 有耐心的: 耐心;病人:17. 采访: 采访者: 被采访者: 自己的: 主人: 独立的;独自的:。
中考英语词汇变形常考知识点有哪些
中考英语词汇变形常考知识点有哪些对于即将参加中考的同学们来说,英语词汇变形是一个重要的考点。
掌握这些常考的知识点,能够帮助大家在考试中更加得心应手,取得更好的成绩。
下面我们就来详细了解一下中考英语词汇变形的常考知识点。
一、名词的复数形式名词由单数变为复数,这是中考中常见的考点之一。
一般情况下,直接在名词后面加 s,如 book books,desk desks。
但也有一些特殊情况:1、以 s, x, ch, sh 结尾的名词,加 es,如 bus buses,box boxes,watch watches,brush brushes。
2、以“辅音字母+y”结尾的名词,把 y 变为 i,再加 es,如 city cities,baby babies。
但如果是“元音字母+y”结尾,则直接加 s,如boy boys,day days。
3、以 f 或 fe 结尾的名词,把 f 或 fe 变为 v,再加 es,如 knife knives,leaf leaves。
但也有一些直接加 s,如 roof roofs,gulf gulfs。
4、不规则变化,如 man men,woman women,child children,foot feet,tooth teeth 等。
二、动词的时态变化动词的时态在中考中占有很大的比重。
常见的时态有一般现在时、一般过去时、一般将来时、现在进行时、过去进行时和现在完成时等。
1、一般现在时,主语是第三人称单数时,动词要加 s 或 es,如 he studies hard2、一般过去时,动词要用过去式,规则动词加 ed,如 play played;不规则动词则需要特殊记忆,如 go went,come came。
3、一般将来时,常见的结构有 will +动词原形,be going to +动词原形,如 I will go to Beijing tomorrow They are going to have a party4、现在进行时,结构是 be +动词的现在分词,如 She is reading a book5、过去进行时,结构是 was/were +动词的现在分词,如 They were playing football at that time6、现在完成时,结构是 have/has +过去分词,如 I have finishedmy homework三、形容词和副词的比较级和最高级比较级和最高级用于表达程度上的差异。
考点20易错题型(一)词性转换-2023年中考英语一轮复习
考点20 易错题型(一)词性转换1.出题量最大,也是最难把握的方向——同词根不同词类之间的相互转换常考的相互转换词类有四种:名词、动词、形容词、副词名词→动词、形容词动词、形容词→名词动词→形容词形容词→动词形容词→副词副词→形容词做这样的转换需要平时大量的积累,建立词根词缀的概念,多掌握常用的词缀,灵活变通。
2.最基本题型,必考方向——名词、代词、数词名词考察方向:1. 复数代词考察方向:1. 宾格2. 形容词性、名词性物主代词转换3. 反身代词可能出现数词考察方向:1. 基数词、序数词的拼写与互换 2. 分数可能出现3.简单题型,多练即可把握——比较级最高级需要掌握:1. 比较级和最高级的变化方式 2. 比较级和最高级的辨识关键词4.较难题型,多次转换,反义理解有时候词类之间需要越级变换,要仔细斟酌词类间的修饰关系,确保答案的正确性。
较难题目不仅会越级变换,还需要添加反义,这需要更耐心细致地解题,分析题意。
考向一、解题技巧1.形容词修饰名词、代词性成分;部分名词也可以修饰名词。
2.动词、形容词、副词需要副词修饰,副词也可以修饰整句话。
3.系动词后一般使用形容词,连系动词后尤其需要注意添加形容词,这点易和实义动词用副词修饰混淆。
4.扎实掌握名词、代词、数词的基本知识。
5.注意做完需要通读一下,检查反义及动词的时态语态问题。
考向二、词性转换分类汇总1.动词转换为名词的常见方式1)“动词+ion”例如:pollute→ pollution, invent→ invention, discuss→ discussion, decide→ decision注意:review→ revision solve→ solution2)“动词去e+ ation”例如:invite→ invitation,organize→ organization3)“动词+er”例如: work→ worker, teach→ teacher, write→ write rspeak→ speaker, run→ runner, win→ winner4)“动词+ or"例如:invent→ inventor, act→ actor, visit→ visitor, calculate→ calculator5)“动词+ing"例如:build→ building, begin→ beginning, paint→ painting, mean→ meaning6)“动词十ment"例如:develop→ development, amuse→ amusement7)“动词十ress"例如:wait→ waitress, act→ actress8)“动词十ance"例如:appear→ appearance, perform →performance9)其他serve—service 服务speak—speech 演讲fish—fisherman 渔夫enter—entrance 入口know—knowledge 知识weigh—weight 重量please—pleasure 愉快choose—choice选择tour—tourist 游客die—death 死亡succeed—success 成功fly—flight 航班memorize—memory 记忆mix—mixture 混合物cook—cook/cooker 厨师/厨具save—safety 安全act—activity 活动able—ability 能力2.动词转换为形容词的常见方式1) “动词+ive"例如:act→ active, attract→ attractive2) “动词+ able"例如:change→ changeable, enjoy→ enjoyable3) “动词+ing"例如:excite→ exciting, follow→ following,freeze—freezing 寒冷的/ (frozen 冷冻的)4) “动词+ ed"例如:frighten→ frightened, bore→ bored5)“动词+ ful"例如:forget→ forgetful健忘的/ unforgettable/forgettable 难忘的/易忘的6) 其他:例如:depend→ independent,like→ likely,break→ broken,die→ dead,live→ alivePlease v.→ pleasure n.→ pleasant令人愉快的(指物)/ pleased 满意的(指人)w i d e n→w i d e e n r i c h→r i c h e n a b l e→a b l e3.名词转换为形容词的常见方式1)“名词+ ful"例如:care→ careful, use→ useful, power→ powerful2)”名词+ less"例如:care → careless, home→ homeless, help→ helpless3)“名词+ly"例如:friend→ friendly, love→ lovely4)“名词+y"例如:sun→ sunny, wind→ windy, health→ healthy, noise→ noisy, luck→ lucky, fun→ funny5)“名词+ing"例如:interest→ interesting6)“名词+n"例如:America→ American, Australia→ Australian7)“名词+ ern"例如:south→ southern, north→ northern8)“名词+ ous"例如:danger→ dangerous9)“名词+ en"例如:wood→ wooden, gold→ golden, wool→ woolen10)“名词+al"例如:nation→ national, education→ educational, medicine→ medical, nature→ naturalchemistry→chemical,history→historical,physics→physical,tradition→traditional11)其他例如:office→ official fool→ foolish foreigner→ foreign wound→ woundedelectricity电→electric电的→electrical与电有关的→electronic 电子的4.形容词转换为名词的常见方式1)“形容词+y"例如:difficult→ difficulty, honest→ honesty2)“形容词词尾t改成ce"例如:different→ difference, important→ importance3)“形容词+ ness"例如:ill→ illness, kind→ kindness, sad→ sadness, happy→ happiness4)“形容词+ dom"例如:free→ freedom, wise→ wisdom5)其他例如:high→ height long→ length true→ truth responsible→ responsibility5.形容词转换为副词的常见方式1)“形容词+ly“例如:quiet→ quiet careful→ carefully main→ mainly2)“形容词去y加ily“例如:easy→ easily heavy→ heavily lucky→ luckily3)“形容词le结尾的,去e变y“例如:possible→ possibly gentle→ gently terrible→ terrible4)“形容词e结尾的,去e变ly“例如:true→ truly(只有true特殊) nice→ nicely5)“形容词不变“例如:early早late 晚hard难的;努力地fast 快wide(宽的)/widely(广泛的)6.名词转换为名词的常见方式例如:art→ artist science→ scientist piano→ pianistcity→ citizen custom→ customer engine→ engineerfriend→ friendship business→ businessman law→ lawyerlibrary→ librarian music→ musician office→ officer(职员)/official(官员)7.词性转换中前缀的使用例如:possible→ im possible (polite, patient)tell→ re tell (build, write, use)healthy→ un healthy(happy, lucky, usual)honest→ dis honest (advantage)regular→ ir regular rich→ en rich (able)c o n v e n i e n t→i n c o n v e n i e n t(e x p e r i e n c e d/c o r r e c t/d i re c t/e x p e n s i v e/p l e t e)8.国名——国籍例如:Australia—Australian America—American Canada—CanadianBritain—British England—English Italy—ItalianFrance— French Germany—German (德国人复数German s)C h i n a—C h i n e s e J a p a n—J a p a n e s e K o r e a—K o r e a n1.The actor and the actress left ________ after the performance yesterday. (direct)2.Without hard work, no one can expect to ________ in doing anything great. (success)3.To be a good teacher, being patient is a ________ requirement. (base)4.About one billion people speak English as a native or ________ language. (two)5.A wide ________ of activities in the camp will attract more students this ing holidays. (various)6.There is enough ________ for people to keep valuable things in the bank. (safe)7.Jenny’s interest in drawing ________ es from her art teacher. (main)8.A good detective never makes his ________ before he has got enough proofs. (decide)9.A serious car accident ________ (happen) in this street last Sunday.10.I _________(sudden)remembered that I didn’t bring my key.11.Neither his parents nor he _________(like)lemon juice.12.The movie made _________(they)feel energetic.13.Let’s drink to the _________(friend)between us.14.Let’s see how ________ we can keep all these new words in our minds. (length)15.The boy felt ________ (disappoint) because his parents forgot his birthday.16.He’s ________ (luck) to get a chance to study abroad.17.Everyone in our school is ________ for making the school campus clean and pretty. (responsibility) 18.Download that app., and we can find a ________ of language courses open to us. (various)19.He finally ________(overe)his fear of flying and took his first flight.20.Miss Lee is the most patient and ________ (care) teacher that I have ever known.21.John was asked to give a speech in the ________(graduate)ceremony.22.A good teacher can encourage the students’ ________ (creative).23.The cartoon brings joy and ________(happy)to many children.24.Amy is a(n) ________ (usual) woman from America. She is a famous artist now.25.Poets and artists often draw their ________ (inspire) from nature.26.New ________(method)of teaching foreign languages are used in this school. 27.Hi, everyone, let’s wor k hard! The future is ________ (we).28.The students will run to the dining hall as soon as the lunch bell ________ (ring). 29.I remembered ________ (see) the movie, but I forgot its name.30.Miss Lee is an extremely ________ (care) teacher. She cares about every student.31.The old man thought to ________(he), “How lucky I am!”32.A ________ (bank) is a person who owns a bank or has an important job in a bank. 33.In hot summer days, many children feel like ________ (drink) cold water.34.The nurse was ________ (examine) her patient when the telephone rang.35.She went to Hollywood to look for ________ (famous) and wealth.36.Lily made her little brother stop ________(cry).37.He can’t make himself ________ (understand) because of his poor English.38.I think the story is _______ (believe). It may be true.39.It’s too _______ (expect). I don’t dare to believe the result.40.—I don’t like making speeches in public. It’s so _______ (embarrass).—I agree with you.41.The _______(discover)of power plays an important role in society.42.The story in the game is not ________ (believe). You don’t have to take it seriously. 43.A good beginning makes a good ________ (end).44.Few people realized the ________ (discover) was important.45.He made others feel ________ (embarrassing) by playing tricks on them.46.There are no more fish for ________ (fisherman) to catch in the river.47.We should stop using the ________ (wood)chopsticks to protect the forest. 48.All of the students should take part in ________ (keep) our school clean and tidy. 49.The wounded fish is swimming in the river. It is still ________(live).50.It was late. Ann got ________ (dress) quickly and ran to the bus stop without breakfast.51.The red wine made her feel ________ (sleep). She has gone to bed.52.Have you heard from your pen pal from the US ________(late)?53.My father and Uncle Wang have been good friends for many years, and their ________ (friend) is very strong. 54.Be ________ (thank) and happy for the gifts you received.55.We should make sure our kids have the ________ (able) to make their own decisions.56.My parents will attend my ________ (graduate) ceremony tomorrow.57.Attention, please. I have an important ________ (announce) to make.58.The young man is ________ (believe). He never tells a lie.59.She ________ (overe) all kinds of difficulties and won the Olympic gold medal.60.Their teaching methods are much better than ________ (our).61.The UK is an old ________ (Europe) country, where there are many palaces and castles.62.I don’t like loud music. It often makes me feel ________ (fortable).63.The old man has a lot of wealth, but he is always worried about ________ (lose) his money.64.I feel like ______(dance)when I listen to the music.65.I always feel nervous before the final ______(examine).66.We will insist on it until she ________ (change) her idea.67.Betty ________ (watch) television on every Friday evening.68.You’d better not go because it’s raining ________ (heavy) outside.69.We think Samuel is the most suitable person to be our monitor because he does everything very ________ (careful).70.Luckily, some people managed to run out of the ______(burn)building.71.The leader’s ______ (expected) arrival threw us into total confusion.72.In some ______ (west) countries, people go to church on weekends.73.The passengers felt lucky to be ______ (live) after the accident.74.Never forget to be ________ (thank) to the people who have helped you.75.Parents should be ________ (responsibility) for their children’s studies.76.I think a ________ (wood) chair is more fortable than a metal one.77.Don’t give up ________ (try) and you will make it in the end.78.Our team ________ (win) the school petition last week.79.The book is so interesting that I can’t stop ________ (read) it in class.80.Peter’s jacket looked just the same as Jack’s, but it cost ________ (two) as much as Jack’s.参考答案:1.directly【详解】句意:昨天表演结束后男女演员就直接离开了。
英语词形变换的考点解析
英语词形变换的考点解析一、题型分析词形变换是中考英语中一个常用题型,它所涉及到的形式主要包括:名词的单复数及所有格,代词的主格和宾格以及相应的物主代词形式,数词的适当形式(基数词和序数词),动词的正确形式(单数第三人称、过去式、过去分词、现在分词),非谓语动词(尤其是不定式和动名词);形容词和副词的比较级;等等。
二、命题形式词形变换题一般有三种出题形式:第一种是根据所给要求变换词形;第二种是根据句意用括号内所给词的适当形式填空(这是全国各地采用最多的命题形式);第三种是在括号内给出汉语,要求考生根据句子意思及所给汉语提示,写出空缺处各单词的正确形式。
第一种题型,即根据括号内的要求变换词形,比较简单,要做好它主要靠平时多积累。
第二、三种题型则较复杂,它不仅涉及词语的正确形式,而且还涉及句意和语法等多个方面。
三、答题方法要做好该类题应注意以下三点:一是要通读全句,弄清句意;二是要弄清所给单词的词义、词性以及具体要求;三是要考虑到所填词在特定语境中的用法以及相关句子结构对它的限制。
四、实战演练用所给词的适当形式填空。
1. The _______ are going to move to Paris. (Smith)2. Don’t make any noise. The ______ are sleeping. (baby)3. How much are the _______, please? (tomato)4. I saw a lot of ______ on the hill. (sheep)5. He says that ______ like to watch TV. (child)6. I want to put some ______ in the book. (photo)7. There are more ______ doctors in this hospital than before. (woman)8. She is too young to look after ______. (she)9. Help ______ to some fish, boys and girls. (you)10. Have you finished _______ the book? (read)11. You shouldn’t keep _______ about it.(think)12. The _______lesson is the most interesting. (nine)13. This room is the _______ in this hotel. (good)14. Mother went on _____ her letter for two hours. (write)15. We can hear the girl ______ in her room now. (sing)16. Thank you very much for _____ me to your party. (ask)17. Don’t forget _____ us as soon as you get there. (ring)18. They spent two hours ______ the house yesterday. (clean)19. When she came in, she saw a purse ______ on the floor. (lie)20. Can you answer my questions without ______ at your books? (look)21. Hainan is the second _____ island in China. (large)22. Which is _____ (far) from us, the sun or the moon?23. Mike is ill. His mother feels _____ (worry)24. Our new teacher is very _____ to us. (friend)25. I remember that it was raining ______ that night. (heavy)【参考答案】1. Smiths2. babies3. tomatoes4. sheep5. children6. photos7. women8. herself9. yourselves 10. reading 11. thinking 12. ninth 13. best 14. writing 15. singing 16. asking 17. to ring 18. cleaning 19. lying 20. looking 21. largest 22. farther 23. worried 24. friendly 25. heavily。
【中考英语核心词汇】词形变换专题指导
一. 转化:指由一种词性转化为另一种词性的构词形式。
1.名词转化为动词:book (n 书— v 预定);seat (n 座位— v 使就位;落座);water (n 水— v 浇水)2.动词转化为名词:try (v 尝试— n 尝试);look (v 看— n 表情);dream (v 做梦— n 梦)3.形容词转化为动词:dirty (adj 脏的— v 弄脏);slow (adj 慢的— v 放慢;减慢);right (adj 正确的— v 纠正);dry (adj 干的— v 变干);free (adj 自由的— v 解放;使自由);4.形容词转化为名词:dear (adj 昂贵的— n 喜欢的人/ 物);quiet (adj 寂静的— n 寂静)5.其它词类的转化情况:Our classroom faces south. (south:n 南方;南面— adv 向南;朝南)6.当英语词汇转化时,转化后的词的读音常有变化。
二. 合成:指由两个或两个以上本身有独立含义的词合在一起组成一个有具体意义的新词的构词形式。
1.合成形容词的常见构词形式:⑴数词+ 名词a five - year plan (五年计划);first-class products (一级品);second-hand goods (二手货)⑵数词+ 名词+eda three - legged bench (三条腿的登子);a one - eyed camel (一只眼的骆驼)⑶数词+ 名词+ 形容词a 20-year-old lady (一位20 岁的女士);a 1,000-metre-long bridge (一座1000 米长的桥)⑷名词+ 现在分词peace-loving (热爱和平的);meat-eating (食肉的);history-making (创造历史的)⑸名词+ 过去分词heart-broken (伤心的);man-made (人造的);water-covered (被水覆盖的)⑹形容词+ 名词+edabsent-minded (漫不经心的);blue-eyed (蓝眼睛的);kind-hearted (和善的)⑺形容词+ 现在分词bad-looking (相貌丑陋的);fine-sounding (动听的);easy-going (容易相处的)⑻形容词+ 名词short-term (短期的);part-time (兼职的);high-class (高级的);large-scale (大规模的)⑼副词+ 现在分词hard-working (努力工作的);far-reaching (深远的);ever-lasting (永恒的)⑽副词+ 过去分词well-developed (高度发达的);well-known (著名的);well-trained (训练有素的)⑾其他构词形式的合成形容词all-round (全面的);face-to-face (面对面的);thank-you (感谢的);out-of-date (过时的)2.合成名词的常见构成形式:①名词+ 名词silkworm (蚕);footprint (脚印);newspaper (报纸);glasshouse (温室);bedroom (卧室)②名词+ 动名词handwriting (书法);sun-bathing (日光浴);sight-seeing (观光)③形容词+ 名词shorthand (速记);hotline (热线);blackboard (黑板)④动名词+ 名词waiting-room (候车室);sleeping-pill (安眠药);writing-desk (写字台);reading-room (阅览室)⑤动词+ 名词pickpocket (扒手);post office (邮局);playground (操场);break-water (防波堤)⑥动词+ 副词get-together (联欢会);break-through (突破);take-off (起飞);lookout (岗哨)⑦副词+ 动词downfall (垮台);overthrow (推翻);outbreak (爆发);income (收入;所得)⑧其他构成形式的合成名词well-being (福利);good-for-nothing (无用之人);by-product (副产品);touch-me-not (含羞草);self-improvement (自我完善);self-criticism (自我批评)注意:合成词如果出现复数形式时通常在其后加-s 或-es ,如by-products,reading-rooms,但应特别注意:passers-by,lookers-on 等词语是在其表达该词中心含义的词上加-s 或-es .3.合成动词及其他合成词类:overthrow (推翻);sleep-walk (梦游);undergo (经历);everything (一切);furthermore (而且);forever (永远);maybe (也许)三. 派生:指由一个词根加上前缀和(或)后缀构成另一个词的构词形式。
中考前一定要熟背的英语词性转换,全都在这里!
中考前一定要熟背的英语词性转换,全都在这里!词汇是英语学习的基础,中考英语对单词的考查不仅仅局限于单词的拼写,更强调的是单词不同词性的灵活转换与运用,也就是同学们在平时做练习或考试中经常遇到的一种题型——词性转换。
1动词变名词1.v+ ment 结尾achieve ——achievement 成就advertise ——advertisement 广告agree ——agreement 同意amuse——amusement 娱乐commit ——commitment 奉献develop ——development 发展disagree ——disagreement 不赞同equip 装备——equipment 装备,器材govern 统治——government 政府manage——management 经营,管理argue ——argument 争吵2.V+ ion 结尾attract ——attraction 吸引discuss ——discussion 讨论express ——-expression 词语;表达instruct ——instruction 指导,介绍invent——invention 发明predict ——prediction 预言impress ——impression 印象suggest ——suggestion 建议,暗示educate ——education 教育graduate ——graduation 毕业operate ——operation 操作,动手术illustrate ——illustration 阐明,举例说明pollute ——pollution 污染introduce ——introduction 介绍organize ——organization组织imagine ——imagination 想象力inspire——inspiration 灵感,鼓舞人心的invite ——invitation 邀请compete ——competition 竞争,比赛pronounce ——pronunciation发音admit ——admission 承认permit ——permission 允许conclude ——conclusion 结论decide ——decision 决定describe ——description描写,描绘resolve ——resolution 决心solve ——solution 解决方法3.V+ ance 结尾allow ——allowance 允许appear ——appearance 外貌,出现perform ——performance 演出exist ——existance 存在4.V+ ing 结尾end ——ending 结尾,结局train ——training训练mean ——meaning 意义say——saying 谚语remind ——reminding提醒bathe ——bathing沐浴5.词尾加-er或-or后变成表示“某一类人”的名词work——worker 工人teach——teacher老师sing——singer 歌手jump——jumper跳高运动员play——player表演者、运动员learn——learner 学习者visit——visitor访问者invent——inventor发明家6.V+ 其他beg——beggar 乞丐sit——seat 座位believe ——belief 信仰behave ——behavior 行为know——knowledge 知识fly——flight 飞行mix ——mixture 混合物press ——pressure 压力serve ——service 服务succeed ——success 成功pursue ——pursuit 追求,从事propose ——proposal 建议withdraw ——withdrawal 取钱;收回;撤退survive ——survival--survivor 幸存者arrive ——arrival到达analyze ——analysis 分析2形容词变名词1.词尾ent改为ency或enceefficient有效率的——efficiency 效率patient——patience/impatience 耐性/无耐心dependent——dependence依赖性independent——independency 独立性urgent——urgency 紧急2.ble结尾,ble改为bility possible——possibility 可能responsible——responsibility 责任;职责3.其他accurate——accuracy 准确性prosperous——prosperity 繁荣true——truth 真相wide——width 宽度long——length 长度high——height 高度二、名词/动词变形容词1.名词+yhonest ——honesty 诚实的guilt 罪恶——guilty 内疚的health——healthy 健康的luck——lucky 幸运的cloud——cloudy 多云的wind—windy 多风的rain——rainy 多雨的snow——snowy 多雪的tourist ——touristy 游客多的er结尾,改er为ry hunger——hungry 饥饿的anger ——angry 生气的fog——foggy 有雾的sun——sunny 阳关灿烂的fur——furry 毛皮的shine——shiny 发亮的taste ——tasty 美味的2. 名词/动词+ ed以辅音+辅音结尾的单词,直接加ed talent ——talented 有天赋的offend ——offended 生气的crowd ——crowded 拥挤的以元音字母e结尾的单词直接加dbalance ——balanced 平衡的organize——organized 有组织的pollute ——polluted 被污染的please ——pleased 高兴的元音加辅音结尾的单词,词尾辅音双写再加edspot ——spotted 有斑点的3.名词+ ful/less care ——careful/ careless 小心的/ 粗心的help——helpful / helpless 有帮助的/ 无助的use——useful/ useless有用的/ 无用的meaning ——meaningful / meaningless有意义的/无意义的colour——colourful /colourless多彩的/无色的pain 疼痛——painful /painless痛苦的/ 不痛的thank——thankful / thankless 充满感激的/ 不知感恩的peace 和平——peaceful 和平的play游戏——playful 爱玩耍的home ——homeless 无家可归的4.名词/动词+ ablechange ——changeable 易变的adjust——adjustable 可调整的comfort——comfortable 舒适的knowledge——knowledgeable 知识渊博的suit ——suitable 合适的动词以辅音加y结尾把y变i 加able ,deny——deniable 可否认的rely——reliable 可靠的5.名词+ ous courage——courageous 勇敢的danger——dangerous 危险的以y结尾,改y为i再加ousmystery 神秘——mysterious 神秘的6.ce 变tconfidence——confident 自信的difference——different 不同的dependence ——dependent 依赖他人的independence——independent 独立的7.词尾加aladdition——additional 附加的,额外的music——musical 音乐的person——personal (私人的)nation——national 国家的education——educational有教育意义的tradition——traditional 传统的origin起源——original 新颖的;独创的以元音字母结尾的单词,去掉词尾元音加al nature——natural 自然的globe——global 全球的特例:class——classical 经典的medicine 药——medical 医学的grammar——grammatical 语法的8.名词+ lyfriend——friendly 友好的live——lively 活跃的,有生气的love——lovely 可爱的week——weekly 每周的man——manly 男子气概的;强壮的9.词尾+ enwood——wooden 木制的wool——woolen 羊毛的10. 表示方位的词East——easternWest——westernSouth——southernNorth——northern11.四大洲Asia 亚洲——AsianAfrica 非洲——AfricanEurope欧洲——EuropeanAmerica 美洲——American12. 其他energy精力——energetic 精力充沛的strategy——strategic 战略的scientist——scientific 科学的fool 傻子——foolish 愚蠢的love——loving 慈爱的pleasure——pleasant令人愉快的/ pleased高兴的pride——proud 自豪的3形容词变动词1.词尾加izemodern——modernize 使...现代化social——socialize 使...社会化2.词尾加enfast——fasten 使固定;集中于short——shorten 缩短wide——widen 放宽less——lessen 使...减少特例(有变形):long——lengthen 使延长strong ——strengthen 加强;巩固3.词前加enlarge ——enlarge 扩大;放大4形容词变副词1.形容词+ lybad——badly 坏地bright——brightly 明亮地casual——casually 随意地clear——clearly 清楚地complete——completely 完全correct——correctly 正确地final——finally 最后fortunate——fortunately幸运地general——generally 一般来讲loud——loudly 大声地particular ——particularly特别地polite——politely 礼貌地proper ——properly适当地main——mainly 主要地most ——mostly 多半,大多数normal——normally 正常地quick——quickly 迅速地quiet——quietly 轻轻地,安静地real——really 真正地recent ——recently 最近;近来sad——sadly 悲哀地slow——slowly 缓慢地special——specially 专门,特殊地specific——specifically 特定地,明确地strong——strongly 坚决地,强烈地sudden——suddenly突然usual——usually 通常2. 以le 结尾的,去e + y comfortable——comfortably 舒服地gentle——gently 温柔地possible——possibly 可能地simple——simply 仅仅;只;简单地terrible——terribly 非常;极度地3. 辅音字母+ y 变y为ily easy——easily 容易地heavy——heavily 沉重地happy——happily 快乐地4.特殊good——well好地true——truly 真实地。
中考英语词性转换解题技巧及易错点讲解
中考英语词性转换解题技巧及易错点讲解一、考点分析词性转换题是中考的必考题型。
词性转换要求学生根据具体的句子,用所给单词的正确形式填空。
主要考查考生对词汇的掌握程度以及对一些常用的词缀的使用。
词形转换是指同一词根派生出的名词、形容词、副词、动词以及反义词等词形的相互转换。
二、专题详解词性转换解题技巧强化解题策略:①仔细阅读题干,正确理解上下文。
②判断空白处应填哪种词性。
③根据所给词进行转化,使之变为相应的词。
④仔细检查,确定答案。
解题依据必定是从句子成分上来分析所填词的词性。
例如:名词多作主语或宾语,形容词多作定语或表语,动词作谓语等。
解题技巧1. 形容词修饰名词;2. 副词修饰形容词;3. 名词修饰名词4. 前面是不定代词(some(something,somebody,someone),any(anything,anybody,anyone), no (nothing,nobody,no one), every(everything,everybody,everyone,),all,each,both,much,many,(a)little,(a)few,other(s),another,none,one,either, neither等)所填词多为名词;5. 前面是助动词(be, have, has,do, does,shall, did,will, should, would),所填词多为动词;掌握词性转换的基本知识和词性变化规则,尤其是常见的后缀变化。
根据所判断的词类,联想所填词可能出现的形式或可能搭配的后缀。
词性转换分类汇总I.形容词——副词quiet安静的 quick 快速的 slow慢的 beautiful美丽的 bright明亮的 careful仔细的 certain一定clear清楚 loud大声 sad难过的 wide广泛 serious严重的 usual通常 final最后 safe安全real真的 recent最近的 main主要的 accurate精确的2、去y加ilyeasy容易的 heavy大量angry生气的 hungry饥饿的happy 快乐的 lucky幸运的3、le结尾的,去e变ypossible可能 gentle轻柔的4、不变hard难的;努力地,猛烈地 fast 快early早 late 晚enough足够 straight笔直II. 动词——名词1、加er、or、ress加erfarm 耕种—农民 drive 驾驶—驾驶员司机teach 教—老师 work 工作—工人 write 写—作家report 报道—记者 win 赢(winner)—获胜者 own 拥有—owner拥有者 paint画、粉刷---画家manage 经营—经理 record 记录—录音机加oract--actor 男演员 visit—visitor观光者 invent--inventor 发明家 calculate—calculator计算器加resswait—waitress女服务员 act—actress女演员2、加ion结尾add—add i tion 增加 collect—collection 收集 discuss—discussion讨论 decide—decision决定invent—invention发明物 invite—invitation 邀请 operate—operation手术 pollute—pollution 污染 review—revision 复习 solve—solution解答 organize—organization组织 locate—location地点suggest—suggestion建议 protect---prote ction 保护3、加ingbegin—begi nn ing开始 build—building大楼 say—saying 谚语 paint—painting 绘画meet—meeting 会议serve—service 服务 speak—speech 演讲、言语 fish—fisherman 渔夫 enter—entrance 入口know—knowledge 知识 weigh—weight 重量 please—pleasure 愉快 develop—development 发展 choose—choice选择 tour—tourist 游客die—death 死亡 succeed—success 成功fly—flight 飞行、航班 memorize—memory 记忆mix—mixture 混合物 cook—cook 厨师save—safety 安全 act—activity 活动 able—ability 能力III. 名词——名词art艺术—artist画家 science—scientist 科学家city—citizen市民 custom—customer 顾客office—officer 官员 engine—engineer工程师 friend—friendship 友谊business—businessman男商人 business—businesswoman女商人library—librarian 图书管理员 law法律—lawyer律师IV. 名词——形容词1、名词后加fulcare—careful 小心的 use—useful 有用的 help—helpful有帮助的 thank—thankful 感激的wonder—wonderful精彩的 power—powerful 强大的 harm—harmful 有害的2、名词后加ycloud—cloudy 多云的 rain—rainy 下雨的 wind—windy 有风的 snow—snowy 下雪的sun—su nn y 晴朗的 noise—noisy 吵闹的 health—healthy 健康的 fun—funny 滑稽的luck—lucky 幸运的3、名词后加lyfriend—friendly 友好的 love—lovely 可爱的 live—lively 活泼的4、形容词以al 结尾nation—national 国家的 education--educational 教育的 nature—natural 自然的tradition—traditional 传统的 medicine—medical 医药的 physics—physical 物理的chemistry—chemical 化学的 history—historical 历史的5、名词末尾的ce变成tdifference(s)—different 不同 importance—important 重要的6、名词后加enwood—wooden木制的 gold—golden金色的 (wool—woolen 羊毛的)7、名词以ness结尾kindness仁慈—kind仁慈的 illness病疾病--- ill有病的不健康的8、形容词后加ydifficult—difficulty 困难 honest—honesty诚实9、形容词后加domfree—freedom 自由 wise—wisdom 聪明10、其他danger—dangerous 危险的office—official 官方的、正式的fool傻瓜—foolish 愚蠢的west—western 西方的height高度— high高的 length长度—long 长的favour恩惠—favourite 最喜欢的 foreigner外国人—foreign 外国的 home家—homeless 无家可归的 expense费用—expensive 昂贵的 truth真相—true 真实的wound创伤—wounded 受伤的pleasure—pleasant 另人愉快的/ pleased 满意的response相应反映--- responsible 负责的有责任的electricity电—electric电的—electrical 与电有关的—electronic 电子的V. 动词——形容词interest引起兴趣—interesting 有趣的/ interested 感兴趣的excite—exciting 令人激动的/ excited激动的 freeze—freezing 寒冷的/ frozen 冷冻的frighten—frightening 令人害怕的/ frightened害怕的forget—forgetful健忘的 / unforgettable 难忘的 depend—independent 独立的有主见的like—likely很有可能发生的有希望的 realize意识到—real 真的break—broken 碎的 follow—following 下面的 fill—full 满的、饱的enjoy—enjoyable使人愉快的 change—changeable 多变的 act—active 积极的attract—attractive 吸引人的 die—dead 死的 widen拓宽—wide 宽的 live—alive活的VI. 前缀possible—impossible (polite, patient)可能—不可能 tell—retell说—复述build—rebuild 建造—重建healthy—unhealthy健康的—不健康的honest—dishonest诚实—不诚实的appear—disappear出现—消失like—dislike 喜欢—不喜欢male—female 男性—女性VII. 国名——国籍Australia—Australian America—American Canada—Canadian Britain—BritishEngland—English Italy—ItalianFrance— French Germany—German (德国人复数German s)强化练习从句子成分角度完成下列习题:1. Thanksgiving is a ______ festival in the USA and Canada. (tradition)2. There were only a few _____ from the air-crash. (survive)3. After careful ____, the committee decided to recommend Mr. Smith for the post. (consider)4. Do you agree that it is important to make yourself _____? (understand)5. I’ve lived in Chongqing for several years and I’m now used to _______hot food. (eat)6. He has to check the _____ of a difficult word before he uses it. (spell)7. The businessman lost a _______ chance to make a big fortune. (gold)9. In some parts of this city, missing a bus means ______ for another hour. (wait)10. Her early ______ gave everyone a big surprise. (arrive)11. The little girl gave an ______ wonderful performance last night. (extreme)12. The more challenging the journey is, the ______ the young people will feel. (happy)13. There has not been a favorable ______ to your plan so far. (respond)14. After they got on the bus, they found two _______. (sit)15. What we have had is just part of the truth. We should try to get ___________ information about it. (far)16. Now more and more gardens are being built in our __________. (neighbour)17. _________ speaking, the computer has become an important part of our life. (general)18. It will ______ rain this afternoon, for the sky is so dark now. (impossible)19. Many people in China are not familiar with ________ customs. (west)20.The room is so dirty that a lot of __________ can be seen running here and there. (mouse)21. It's rude to look ________ at a person. (straight)22. There is no short-cut to _________. ( succeed )23. The reporter went to the sea with several _________ to look for the lost boat. (fish)24. There are many places of ________ interest in Shanghai. (history)25. Mr. Marko is one of the __________ of that factory. (engine)26. It’s ten _________ walk from here. You needn’t take a bus. (minute)27. Jacky told us an ________ story that everybody laughed happily. (amusement)28. Thanks for _______ me. I’ll do my best. (choice)29. It’s much ___________ to swim with your friend than to swim alone. (safe)30. It was snowing _________ outside. (hard)31. How many ___________ lessons do you have every week? (physical)32. They were well ____________ at a friend’s house. (servi ce)33. The sun gives us light and ________. (hot)34. We saw her running _________ the street just now. (cross)35. I’ll do my homework more __________ next time. (care)36. In _________ to hard work, we need some good ways to succeed. (add)37. In the past punishment(惩罚)was decided by the university. The student had no ___________ but to accept it. (choose)38. A ___________ sight stopped them from going forward. (frighten)39. The visitors are ________ students. (main)40. Of all the boys, Li Ming studies ______. (hard)41. These modern machines work ____. (automatic)42. Actions speak _____ than words. (loud)43. I _________ where he comes from. (wonderful)44. We tried all sorts of __________, but they were all useless. (medical)45. Carl looks much ________ than before. (health)46. The little boy can run a marathon in __________ than three hours. (little)47. The lost calculator has been returned to its __________. (own)48. Even __________, he lost his job. (bad)49. Life today is becoming harder and busier, so everyone should have his own way of __________. (relax)50. I am fond of _________ fiction. (scientist)51. Could you tell me whether it is a ________ change or a physical change? ( chemistry )52. The students are not allowed to touch the ________ without permission. ( chemistry )53. Do you know who the telephone was________ by? (invention)54. We went to a beautiful lake and spent an _______________ day. (forget)55. What _____________ weather we are having now! (freeze)56. He tried to make more money to work out a solution to travelling _____________ (expensive)57. She _______ her face with her hands. (discover)58. Our house____________ an area of 200 square metres. (discover)59. The great_______ always teaches me how to _______ the ________ (paint)60. He is one of the most famous _________ in the university. (professional)答案:1-5 traditional;survivors;consideration;understood;eating6-10 spelling;golden;experienced;waiting;arrival;11-15 extremely;happier;response;seats;further16-20 neighborhood;Generally;possibly;western;mice21-25 straight;success;fishermen;historical;engineers;26-30 minutes';amusing;choosing;safer;hard31-35 physics;served;heat;across;carefully36-40 addition;choice;frightening;mainly;hardest41-45 automatically;louder;wonder;medicine;healthier46-50 less;owner;worse;relaxation;science51-55 chemical;invented;unforgettable;freezing55-60 expense;covered;covers;painter- paint-painting ;professor。
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词形变换类题型的几个考点一、可数名词单数变复数类:1.规则变化:(1)一般情况加-s, 如: girls, books, pens, bags, boys, days等。
(2)以s, x, ch, sh结尾加-es, 如: buses, boxes, watches, brushes等。
(3)以o结尾的名词,无生命的名词多加-s,有生命的名词多加-es。
(4)以辅音字母加y结尾的名词, 变y为i加-es, 如: city→cities, story→stories (5)以f或fe结尾的名词变f或fe为v加-es。
如:leaf→leaves, knife→knives, shelf→shelves等。
(roof→roofs)2.不规则变化的名词要熟记:man→men, woman→women, child→children,foot→feet, tooth→teeth, mouse→mice,people→people, sheep→sheep, Chinese→Chinesedeer→deer Japanese→Japanese二、名词变形容词类:1.在动词或名词后加后缀-ful, 如:care→careful; use→useful; thank→thankful;help→helpful; beauty→beautiful; wonder→wonderfulforget→forgetful2.在名词后加-y, 如:luck→lucky, cloud→cloudy; wind→windy;rain→rainy; sun→sunny, snow→snowynoise-noisy health→healthy3.在名词后加-y, 如:friend→friendly love→lovely day→daily4.方位名词加-ern,如:east→eastern west→western south→southernnorth→northern northeast→northeastern6.在名词后加-less, 变成否定含义的形容词。
如:use→useless hope→hopeless care→careless三、形容词加后缀变成名词1.形容词加-ness变成名词,如:happy→happiness ill→illness weak→weaknesskind→kindness good→goodness careless→carelessness2.形容词加-ty变成名词,如:safe→safety difficult→difficulty3.形容词加-th变成名词,如:true→truth warm→warmth young→youth4.形容词加-ence / ance变成名词,如:important→importance dependent→dependence different→difference四、形容词变副词类:形容词修饰名词、代词等作定语或表语;副词修饰动词、形容词或副词作状语。
1.一般形容词词尾加-ly变成副词,如:slow→slowly clear→clearly quick→quicklyquiet→quietly careful→carefully sudden→suddenlyreal→really2.以“辅音字母+y”结尾的,要变y为i加-ly,如:easy→easily happy→happily heavy→heavilylucky→luckily busy→busily angry→angrily;3.以元音字母加辅音字母+e结尾的重读开音节,直接加-ly,如:polite→politely safe→safely wide→widely4.以元音字母+e结尾,去e加-ly,如:true→truly5.以辅音字母加-le结尾,去e加-y,如:terrible→terribly possible→possibly6.形容词与副词同形,如:fast→fast early→early high→highhard→hard7.形容词与副词异形,如:good→well8.注意:hard作形容词时意思是“困难的;硬的;生硬的”等;作副词时意思是“努力地”。
hardly是否定副词,意思是“几乎不”。
五、动词变名词类:1.动词加-er变成名词,如:work→worker farm→farmer teach→teachersing→singer speak→speaker play→playerread→reader drive→driver write→writerride→rider dance→dancer run→runner;win→winner cook→cooker wash→washertravel→traveler2.动词加-or 变成名词,如:visit→visitor invent→inventor operate→operatorconduct→conductor3.动词加-tion 变成名词,如:operate→operation invent→invention liberate→liberation六、基数词变序数词类:主要掌握好1-12和20、30、40、50、60、70、80、90及21、22、23这几个序数词的形式:one→first twenty→twentiethtwo→second thirty→thirtieththree→third forth→fortiethfour→fourth fifty→fiftiethsix→sixth sixty→sixtiethseven→seventh eighty→eightietheight→eighth ninety→ninetiethnine→ninth twenty-one→twenty-firstten→tenth twenty-two→twenty-secondeleven→eleventh twenty-three→twenty-thirdtwelve→twelfth七、形容词与副词的原级、比较级和最高级类1.形容词和副词的比较级、最高级构成(1)单音节词与部分双音节词规则变变化:①一般词尾加er, est;如:fast faster fastest②以辅音字母加y结尾变y为i加-er, -est;如:easy easier easiest③以一个元音加一个辅音字母结尾的重读闭音节,双写这个辅音字母再加-er,-est;如:hot hotter hottest④以e结尾加-r,-st;如:fine→finer, nice→nicer(2)部分双音节词或以形容词加-ly变成的副词和多音节词,在其前加more, most 变成比较级和最高级。
如:interesting→more interesting,most interestingbeautiful→more beautiful,most beautifulslowly→more slowly,most slowlyquickly→more quickly,most quickly(3)不规则变化:good→better→best well→better→bestmany→more→most much→more→mostlittle→less→least far→farther/further→farthest/furthest.ill→worse→worst bad/badly→worse→worstold→older/older→oldest/eldest2.原级:as+形容词或副词的原形+as“和……一样……”,not as / so+形容词或副词的原形+as “和……不一样……”。
八、人称代词变化类:要熟练掌握和运用主格、宾格、形容词性物主代词及名词性物主代词。
见下面表格:九、常见的反义词:1.动词buy — sell take — bring remember — forgetdie — live love — hate rise — fallask — answer start — finish miss — catchpull — push go — come lend — borrow2.形容词little — much short — tall / long right — left / wrongfree — busy full — empty few — manygood — bad white — black careful — carelessdead — living cheap — expensive clean — dirtyeasy — difficult wet — dry same — differentopen — closed strong —weak light — heavy习题精选1. The mother didn’t know why her daughter was crying . (noise)2. He was one of the best in yesterday’s football match. (play)3. Guangzhou is in the part of China. (south)4. September 10th is Day. (teacher)5. Beijingers are true to the world. (friend)6. Look! How Kate is laughing! (happy)7. It’s only ten walk from the station to the hotel. (minute)8. Please take care of , boys and girls. (you)9. I don’t think this is my pen, though it looks like . (I)10. Mrs Read learned Chinese as her language. (two)11. Do you think July is than any other month in our country? (hot)12. Of all the students in our class, Lucy talks but does most. (little)13. Here are ten of the names. (run)14. It snowed last night and now the streets are covered with snow. (heavy)15. You shouldn’t ride your bike so fast at the . (turn)16. Help to these cakes, children. (you)17. Please keep your eyes . (close)18. John is the student in our class. (old)19. Mike will have his birthday party at home tomorrow. (twelve)20. How many are there in your class? (girl)21. This sweater is Lucy’s and that one over there is . (my)22. Now people use computers very . (wide)23. What would you like, some or vegetables? (meat)24. the help of our teacher, we couldn’t pass the exam. (with)25. We can not decide who should open the present . (one)26. We always go to the library a week. (one)27. The house next to the street are very . (noise)28. More and more have come to visit China these years. (foreign)29. In a few time, those mountains will be covered with trees. (year)30. Everyone knows that if Dick works , he will do much better. (hard)31. Those flowers are beautiful. (real)32. Uncle Wang is one of the most popular in this factory. (work)33. She worked so that nobody knew she was there. (quiet)34. Meimei is one of the best ___________ in her class. (student)35. We can find many _____________in the picture. (sheep)36. He sat down and warmed his ______________ at the fire. (foot)37. _____________ fall in autumn. (leaf)38. Our building is eighty _________________ high. (foot)39. Do you usually come to school on _______________?(foot)40. March 8 is _________________ Day. (woman)41. The sick woman is getting . (ill)42. Are you in sports? (interest)43. Teachers should speak to their students in a way. (friend)44. You can do the work by yourself, can you? (hard)45. Today is a day. (cloud)46. We are very to the teacher for his help. (thank)47. The house caught a fire. The wounded man was carried to . (safe)48. The boy was not born in . (German)49. Edison was a great . During his life he had many .(invent)50. I was ill yesterday. (bad)答案:1. noisily2. players3. southern4. T eachers’5. friends6. happily7. minutes’8. yourselves9. mine 10. second11. hotter 12. least 13. runners’ 14. heavily 15. turning16. yourselves 17. closed 18. oldest 19. twelfth 20. girls21. mine 22. widely 23. meat 24. Without 25. first26. once 27. noisy 28. foreigners 29. years’ 30. harder31. really 32. workers 33. quietly 34. students 35. sheep36. feet 37. Leaves 38. feet 39. foot 40. Women’s41. worse 42. interested 43. friendly 44. hardly 45. cloudy46. thankful 47. safety 48. German, Germany49. inventor, invention 50. badly。