初中英语常见词形变化一览表

一．名词变复数

1.cooks,stomachs,Germans,Asians,plays

厨师胃德国人亚洲人戏剧monkeys,orders,tickets

猴子订单票

2.story-stories,library-libraries,army-armies

故事图书馆军队

family-families,enemy-enemies

家庭敌人

3.watch-watches,match-matches,inch-inches

手表比赛英寸

fish-fishes,bush-bushes,dress-dresses,boxes

鱼灌木丛连衣裙

4.man-men,policeman-policemen,警察woman-women,Frenchman-Frenchmen法国人man doctor-men doctors 男医生

5.mouse-mice,tooth-teeth,foot-feet,

老鼠牙齿脚

child-children,sheep-sheep,deer-deer

儿童绵羊鹿

二．基数词变序数词

one-first,two-second,three-third,four-fourth five-fifth,six-sixth,eight-eighth,nine-ninth twelve-twelfth,thirteen-thirteenth,

twenty-twentieth,forty-fortieth,

ninety-ninetieth,thirty-one—thirty-first

注：fifty复数fifties 50多岁，50年代三．形容词副词比较级最高级

规则变化-er,-est

1.clever—cleverer-cleverest

聪明更聪明最聪明

high高的-higher-highesr

2.early早的-earlier-earliest

,heavy重的-heavier,busy忙碌的-busier, healthy健康的-healthier,tasty美味的-tastier. crazy着迷的-crazier-craziest

hungry饥饿的-hungrier-hungriest

3.hot热的-hotter-hottest, fat胖的-fatter slim苗条的-slimmer,

sad伤心-sadder,big-bigger,

mad发疯-madder,thin瘦的-thinner-thinnest 4.cute-cuter-cutest,wise明智-wiser-wisest

wide宽大的-wider-widest

5.多音节和部分双音节形容词副词dangerous-more dangerous-the most～important-more important-the most ～

polite-more polite-the most ～

generous-more generous-the most ～difficult-more difficult-the most ～

quickly-more quickly-(the)most ～

happily-more happily-(the)most～

形容词副词比较级最高级不规则变化：good/well-better-best 好的，更好，最好bad/ill/badly-worse-worst坏的，更坏，最坏far-farther-farthest（距离）远-更远-最远

far-further-furthest（距离及程度）

further study 进一步学习

many/much-more-most 许多-更多-最多

little-less-least少-更少-最少（修饰不可数名词）at most至多，at least至少

old-older-oldest

old-elder-eldest表示长幼关系，只能作定语,elder后面不能接than.

四.形容词变副词--ly

1.slow-slowly,quiet- quietly, sure-surely

慢的慢地安静的安静地

complete-completely,polite-politely

完全的完全地

careful-carefully,successful-successfully

2.easy-easily,heavy-heavily

lucky-luckily,healthy-healthily

3.possible-possibly,terrible-terribly

可能的可能地可怕的可怕地，糟糕地simple-simply,probable-probably

简单的简直可能的可能地comfortable-comfortably

gentle-gently温和地

4.true-truly

5.不规则变化★good-well,

★形容词变副词没有变化

high-high,fast-fast,late-late

wide-wide,early-early hard-hard

注：-ly 意思完全改变的有

hardly几乎不，highly 高度地

widely广泛地lately近期地

五：变为形容词

1.—ly

friendly,weekly,monthly,day-daily

live-lively ,lonely

2.—y

luck-lucky,health-healthy

运气幸运的健康健康的

wealth-wealthy,cloud-cloudy ,sleep-sleepy 财富富有的云多云的睡觉昏沉的wind-windy,rain-rainy snow-snowy,

noise-noisy, taste-tasty,shine-shiny

fun-funny,sun-sunny,fog-foggy

3.-ful,

helpful,cheerful,delightful,colourful,useful successful,hopeful,beautiful,wonderful homeful,harmful

awake, alive, asleep, alone(只做表语) 醒着的活着的睡着的单独（副词）6.-al centre-central,arrive-arrival，national

International 国际的personal

7.-ous danger-dangerous,humour-humorous

8.Canada-Canadian,music-musician

加拿大加拿大人音乐音乐家

Asia-Asian, Europe-European

亚洲亚洲人欧洲欧洲人

Africa-African，Australia-Australian

非洲非洲人澳大利亚澳大利亚人Germany-German，India-Indian

德国德国人印度印度人

Russia-Russian

俄国俄国人

9.value-valuable有价值的

10.western,eastern,northern,southern 六．反义词（中考词汇B项仅含前后缀）

1.incorrect 不正确的

2.impossible,impatient, impolite, improper, 不可能的不耐烦的不礼貌的不合适的

3.uncomfortable,unfriendly, unkind, unhappy 不舒服的不友好的unimportant,unnecessary,unpopular,

不重要的不必要的不受欢迎的uncommon不普通的,unknown未知的

4.irregular 不规则的

5.cover覆盖-discover发现,honest-dishonest advantage优势-disadvantage 劣势

6.homeful-homeless,careful-careless

useful-useless,harmful-harmless

hopeful-hopeless,colourful-colourless

七：变为名词：

1.动词—ion

collect-collection,decide-decision

收集收集物决定

invent-invention，direct-direction

发明发明物指导方向

connect-connection,impress-impression

连接连接留下印象，印象graduate-graduation,celebrate-celebration

毕业毕业庆祝庆祝suggest-suggestion,introduce-introduction

建议介绍

act-action,attract-attraction

行动吸引吸引（力）

invite-invitation,protect-protection

邀请保护

pollute-pollution,compete-competition

污染竞争

educate-education,present-presentation

教育颁发颁奖recommend-recommendation,推荐communicate-communication交流pronounce-pronunciation发音

discuss-discussion,donate-donation

讨论捐赠

organize-organization,operate-operation

组织动手术手术inform通知-information信息