广东财经大学807英美文学2014年考研真题
2014年广东财经大学考研真题613普通语言学硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷
欢迎报考广东财经大学硕士研究生，祝你考试成功！（第 1 页共 1 页）广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2014年 考试科目代码及名称：613-普通语言学适用专业：050201 英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］一、名词解释（10题，每题3分，共30分）1. pragmatics2. diachronic linguistics3. allophones4. morpheme5. cohesion6. cognitive linguistics7. hyponymy 8. contrastive analysis9. American structuralism 10. Language Acquisition Device (LAD)二、判断题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1. The Cooperative Principle, an important pragmatic principle proposed by P. Grice, aims to explain how we mean more than we say.2. Phonetics studies the rules governing the structure, distribution, and sequencing of speech sounds and the shape of syllables.3. [m] is a “bilabial lateral”, [j] a “palatal approximant”, and [h] a “glottal fricative”.4. Relevance is a matter of degree. The larger effect produced, the greater the relevance; the smaller effort cost, the greater the relevance.5. Exocentric construction is one whose distribution is functionally equivalent to that of one or more of its constituents, i.e., a word or a group of words, which serves as a definable centre or head.三、简答题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1. What is the major difference between Saussure’s distinction between langue and parole and Chomsky’s distinction between competence and performance?2. Divide the following words into Roots, IA (inflectional affix) and/or DA (derivational affix).e.g. transformations: trans (DA)- form (Root) –ation (DA) -s (IA)1) unconscious2) earthquakes 3) misled 4) geese3. Distinguish the two possible meanings of “more complicated examinations” by means of IC analysis.4. Draw a tree diagram according to PS rules to show the deep structure of the sentence: The kid broke a vase yesterday.5. Which of the Conversational Maxims is being violated in the following conversation?A: So you like icecream. What are your favourite flavours?B: Hamburger … fish and chips.四、论述题（2题，每题20分，共40分）1. What are the main differences between pragmatics and semantics?2. Explain the following remark with examples or make some comments:Each language articulates or organises the world differently. Languages do not simply name existing categories; they articulate their own.1。
2015年广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试804-英美文学试题
广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2015年考试科目代码及名称：804-英美文学适用专业：050201 英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］I.Explain the following literary terms. Write your answers on the answer sheet.(25 points, 5 points for each.)1.Enlightenment2.Metaphysical poetry3.The theatre of the absurd4.Transcendentalism5.Dramatic monologueII.For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the statement. (20 points, 1 point for each)1._____ can be justly termed England’s natio nal epic, and its most striking featureis the use of ____.A.Cynewulf, alliterationB.Beowulf, alliterationD.Robin Hood, rhymeC.Sir Gawain and the Green Knight,rhyme2. The 18th century sees the birth of the greatest satirist in English literature: .His masterpiece , comprises the extraordinary adventures of an Englishman, descriptions of fantastic lands visited by him, and their social systems and is always regarded as a bitter sarcasm and deadly irony of the contemporary England.A. Samuel Johnson, Gulliver’s TravelsB. Alexander Pope, The Rape of theLockC. Daniel Defoe, Robinson CrusoeD. Jonathan Swift, Gulliver’s Travels3. Which of the following works is NOT considered as William Shakespeare’s fourgreat tragedies?A. King LearB. Romeo and JulietC. MacbethD. Othello4. , Byron’s greatest work, was written in the prime of his creative powerand still remained unfinished when the poet’s life was ended by a romantic and generous death.A. Don JuanB. GiaourC.Childe Harold’s Pilgr imageD. Manfred5. The publication of in 1798—the joint work of William Wordsworth and________—marked the break with the conventional poetical tradition of the 18th century, i.e. with classicism.A. Lyrical Ballads, Robert SoutheyB.The Prelude, Samuel TaylorColeridgeC.Lyrical Ballads, Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. Biographia Literaria, Samuel Taylor Coleridge6. William Makepeace Thackeray’s masterpiece is , and the title of the novel is taken from Bunyan’s greatest work .A. Vanity Fair, Paradise RegainedB. Vanity Fair, Pilgrim’s ProgressC. Vanity Fair, Samson AgonistesD. The Book of Snobs, Pilgrim’sProgress7. established himself both as a writer and as a spokesman for the school of “Art for Art’s Sake.”A. Thomas GrayB. Charles LambC. Oscar WildeD. Walter Scott8. __________, written by P. B. Shelley’s wife, Mary Shelley, is regarded the best of its kind, ______, in the 19th century England.A. Prometheus Unbound, Gothic novelB. Frankenstein, Realistic novelC. Adonis, Romantic novelD. Frankenstein, Gothic novel9. “April is the cruellest month, breeding / Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing / Memory and desire, stirring / Dull roots with spring rain.” These lines are taken from T. S. Eliot’s modern classic poem_______, which remind us the opening lines of the “General Prologue” in The Canterbury Tales by the greatest literary figure_______ in 14th century England.A. Four Quartets, Geoffrey ChaucerB. The Waste Land, Geoffrey ChaucerC. Hollow Man, Edmund SpencerD. The Waste Land, John Milton10. Joseph Conrad’s _________ is central to the evolution of what is called postcolonial fiction, and says something that only said in a novel: A historian looking at European colonialism will arrive at historical judgments.A. Heart of DarknessB. NostromoC. Lord JimD. Typhoon11._________, with his famous poem, “Annabel Lee”, justified his poetic idea that the death of a beautiful woman, is “unquestionably, the most poetical topic in the world”.A. W.B. Yeats B. Edgar Allan PoeC. Ezra PoundD. W. H. Auden12. Around 1920, the American literary world rediscovered an almost forgotten book and suddenly became aware of a major American writer. The book was _______, a tremendous chronicle of a whaling voyage in pursuit of a seemingly supernatural white whale.A. Moby-DickB. OmooC. The Last of the MohicansD. Billy Budd13. With Warner, Mark Twain collaborated on __________, a satire that gave itsname to the era of corrupt materialism that followed the American Civil War.A. The Golden AgeB. The Silver AgeC. The Gilded AgeD. The Bronze Age14.________, Stephen crane’s finest literary achievement, depicts a picture ofAmerican Civil War in a naturalistic way.A. War Is KindB. The Black RidersC. The Red Badge of CourageD. The Age of Innocence15. Hemingway’s novel The Sun Also Rises, brilliantly captures his years in Paris asone of ______, a name given by the writer Gertrude Stein.A. The Beat GenerationB. The Lost GenerationC. The Angry Young MenD. The Younger Generation16. By the end of his life he had become a national bard; when he was eighty-sevenhe read his poetry at the inauguration of President John F. Kennedy. The poet is ___________.A. Ezra PoundB. T. S. EliotC. E. E. CummingsD. Robert Frost17. As a poet and as a painter, _________uses the small letters, the unconventionalsyntax, and the unusual spacing of words, to express individuality and participate in what he called “The New Art”.A. Ezra PoundB. E. E. CummingsC. William Carlos WilliamsD. Wallace Stevens18._______, an epic depiction of one dispossessed Oklahoma family’s migration toCalifornia in search a new life, written by ___________, is among the most widely read novel of 20th century.B. Of Mice and Men, John SteinbeckA. The Grape of Wrath, JohnSteinbeckC. In Our Time, Ernest HemingwayD. Light in August, William Faulkner19. Which of the following writers is NOT a Nobel Prize Winner?A. Ezra PoundB. Ernest HemingwayC. William FaulknerD. Saul Bellow20. Early in 1920s the most prominent of the new American playwrights, _______,established an international reputation with such plays as The Emperor Jones, Anna Christie and The Hairy Ape.A. Arthur MillerB. Tennessee WilliamsC. Walt WhitmanD. Eugene O’NeillIII.Matching. Find the relevant match from column B for each item in column A and put the letters on the answer sheet. (20 points, 1 point for each.)Section AColumn A Column B1.Francis Bacon A.For Whom the Bell Tolls2.John Milton B.The Legend of Sleepy Hollow3.Herman Melville C.Seize the Day4.W. B. Yeats D.A Streetcar Named Desire5.Washington Irving E.Paradise Lost6.Henry Fielding F.Sailing to Byzantium7. E. M. Forster G.Moby Dick8.Ernest Hemingway H.Advancement of Learning9.Saul Bellow I.Tom Jones10.Tennessee Williams J.Howards EndSection BColumn A Column B1.The Tempest A.Lord Henry2.Sister Carrie B.Catherine Linton3.Great Expectation C.Leopold Bloom4.Sons and Lovers D.Nick Carraway5.Native Son dy Teazle6.Wuthering Heights F.Prospero7.The Great Gatsby G.Bigger Thomas8.Ulysses H.G. W. Hurstwood9.The School for Scandal I.Mrs. Morel10.The Picture of Dorian Gray J.PipIV. Read the following pieces of selected works and answer the question followed by the passage. Write your answers on the answer sheet. (40 points, 8 points for each.)1.It is a melancholy object to those, who walk through this great town, or travel in the country, when they see the streets, the roads and cabbin-doors crowded with beggars of the female sex, followed by three, four, or six children, all in rags, and importuning every passenger for an alms. These mothers instead of being able to work for their honest livelihood, are forced to employ all their time in strolling to beg sustenance for their helpless infants who, as they grow up, either turn thieves for want of work, or leave their dear native country, to fight for the Pretender in Spain, or sell themselves to the Barbadoes.Q: This text is from Jonathan Swift’ s “A Modest Proposal”. What is Swift’s attitude toward the beggars he describes?2.My heart leaps up when I beholdA rainbow in the sky:So was it when my life began,So is it now I am a man,So be it when I shall grow oldOr let me die!The child is father of the man:And I could wish my days to beBound each to each by natural piety.Q：This is a short poem written by William Wordsworth. Please explain the underlined lines.3.I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practice resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life, to live so sturdily and Spartan-like as to put to rout all that was not life, to cut a broad swath and shave close, to drive life into a corner, and reduce it to its lowest terms, and, if it proved to be mean, why then to get the whole and genuine meanness of it, and publish its meanness to the world; or if it were sublime, to know it by experience, and be able to give a true account of it in my next excursion. For most men, it appears to me, are in a strange uncertainty about it, whether it is of the devil or of God, and have somewhat hastily concluded that it is the chief end of man here to “glorify God and enjoy him forever.”Q：This text is selected from Henry David Thoreau’s Walden, under the title “Where I Lived, and What I Lived For.” Please explain the underlined sentence.4.“Shall I?” I said briefly; and I looked at his features, beautiful in their harmony, but strangely formidable in their still severity; at his brow, commanding, but not open; at his eyes, bright and deep and searching, but never soft; at his tall imposing figure; and fancied myself in idea his wife. Oh! it would never do! As his curate, his comrade, all would be right: I would cross oceans with him in that capacity; toil under Eastern suns, in Asian deserts with him in that office; admire and emulate his courage and devotion and vigour: accommodate quietly to his masterhood; smile undisturbed at his ineradicable ambition. . . . I should suffer often, no doubt, attached to him only in this capacity: my body would be under a rather stringent yoke, but my heart and mind would be free. I should still have my unblighted self to turn to: my natural unenslaved feelings with which to communicate in moments of loneliness. There would be recesses in my mind which would be only mine, to which he never came; and sentiments growing there, fresh and sheltered, which his austerity could never blight, nor his measured warrior-march trample down: but as his wife—at his side always, and always restrained, and always checked—forced to keep the fire of my nature continually low, to compel it to burn inwardly and never utter a cry, though the imprisoned flame consumed vital after vital—this would be unendurable.Q：This passage is from Jane Eyre. It occurs in Chapter 34. St. John Rivers has just asked Jane to join him as his wife on his missionary trip to India. Please evaluate Jane’s interior conflict involved in making her decision.5.When Miss Emily Grieison died, our whole town went to her funeral: the men through a sort of respectful affection for a fallen monument, the women mostly out of curiosity to see the inside of her house, which no one save an old manservant--- combined gardener and cook---had seen in at least ten years.…Alive, Miss Emily had been a tradition, a duty, and a care; a sort of hereditary obligation upon the town, dating from the day in 1894 when Colonel Sartoris, the mayor—he who lathered the edict that no Negro woman should appear on the streets without an apron—remitted her taxes, die dispensation dating from the death of her father on into perpetuity.Q：This text is from William Faulkner’s short story “A Rose for Emily”. Please explain the underlined part.V. Answer the following questions, and elaborate your opinion with examples. Write your answers on the answer sheet. (45 points, 15 points for each.)1. What are the features of Realism of Victorian novels? Elaborate them with thenovels of Victorian writers.2. State the literary achievements of T. S. Eliot, and elaborate them with his works.3. Please make a comparison between “The Angry Young Man” and “The BeatGeneration”.。
广东财经大学英美文学2009--2015年考研真题
广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2015年考试科目代码及名称：804-英美文学适用专业：050201 英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］I.Explain the following literary terms. Write your answers on the answersheet. (25 points, 5 points for each.)1.Enlightenment2.Metaphysical poetry3.The theatre of the absurd4.Transcendentalism5.Dramatic monologueII.For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the statement. (20 points, 1 point for each)1._____ can be justly termed England’s national epic, and its most striking featureis the use of ____.A.Cynewulf, alliterationB.Beowulf, alliterationC.Sir Gawain and the Green Knight,D.Robin Hood, rhymerhyme2. The 18th century sees the birth of the greatest satirist in English literature: .His masterpiece , comprises the extraordinary adventures of an Englishman, descriptions of fantastic lands visited by him, and their social systems and is always regarded as a bitter sarcasm and deadly irony of the contemporary England.A. Samuel Johnson, Gulliver’s TravelsB. Alexander Pope, The Rape of theLockC. Daniel Defoe, Robinson CrusoeD. Jonathan Swift, Gulliver’s Travels3. Which of the following works is NOT considered as William Shakespeare’s fourgreat tragedies?A. King LearB. Romeo and JulietC. MacbethD. Othello4. , Byron’s greatest work, was written in the prime of his creative powerand still remained unfinished when the poet’s life was ended by a romantic and generous death.A. Don JuanB. GiaourC. Childe Harold’s PilgrimageD. Manfred5. The publication of in 1798—the joint work of William Wordsworthand________—marked the break with the conventional poetical tradition of the 18th century, i.e. with classicism.A. Lyrical Ballads, Robert SoutheyB.The Prelude, Samuel TaylorColeridgeC.Lyrical Ballads, Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. Biographia Literaria, Samuel Taylor Coleridge6. William Makepeace Thackeray’s masterpiece is , and the title of the novel is taken from Bunyan’s greatest work .A. Vanity Fair, Paradise RegainedB. Vanity Fair, Pilgrim’s ProgressC. Vanity Fair, Samson AgonistesD. The Book of Snobs, Pilgrim’sProgress7. established himself both as a writer and as a spokesman for the school of “Art for Art’s Sake.”A. Thomas GrayB. Charles LambC. Oscar WildeD. Walter Scott8. __________, written by P. B. Shelley’s wife, Mary Shelley, is regarded the best of its kind, ______, in the 19th century England.A. Prometheus Unbound, Gothic novelB. Frankenstein, Realistic novelC. Adonis, Romantic novelD. Frankenstein, Gothic novel9. “April is the cruellest month, breeding / Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing / Memory and desire, stirring / Dull roots with spring rain.” These lines are taken from T. S. Eliot’s modern classic poem_______, which remind us the opening lines of the “General Prologue” in The Canterbury Tales by the greatest literary figure_______ in 14th century England.A. Four Quartets, Geoffrey ChaucerB. The Waste Land, Geoffrey ChaucerC. Hollow Man, Edmund SpencerD. The Waste Land, John Milton10. Joseph Conrad’s _________ is central to the evolution of what is called postcolonial fiction, and says something that only said in a novel: A historian looking at European colonialism will arrive at historical judgments.A. Heart of DarknessB. NostromoC. Lord JimD. Typhoon11._________, with his famous poem, “Annabel Lee”, justified his poetic idea that the death of a beautiful woman, is “unquestionably, the most poetical topic in the world”.A. W.B. Yeats B. Edgar Allan PoeC. Ezra PoundD. W. H. Auden12. Around 1920, the American literary world rediscovered an almost forgotten book and suddenly became aware of a major American writer. The book was _______, a tremendous chronicle of a whaling voyage in pursuit of a seemingly supernatural white whale.A. Moby-DickB. OmooC. The Last of the MohicansD. Billy Budd13. With Warner, Mark Twain collaborated on __________, a satire that gave its name to the era of corrupt materialism that followed the American Civil War.A. The Golden AgeB. The Silver AgeC. The Gilded AgeD. The Bronze Age14.________, Stephen crane’s finest literary achievement, depicts a picture of American Civil War in a naturalistic way.A. War Is KindB. The Black RidersC. The Red Badge of CourageD. The Age of Innocence15. Hemingway’s novel The Sun Also Rises, brilliantly captures his years in Paris asone of ______, a name given by the writer Gertrude Stein.A. The Beat GenerationB. The Lost GenerationC. The Angry Young MenD. The Younger Generation16. By the end of his life he had become a national bard; when he was eighty-sevenhe read his poetry at the inauguration of President John F. Kennedy. The poet is ___________.A. Ezra PoundB. T. S. EliotC. E. E. CummingsD. Robert Frost17. As a poet and as a painter, _________uses the small letters, the unconventionalsyntax, and the unusual spacing of words, to express individuality and participate in what he called “The New Art”.A. Ezra PoundB. E. E. CummingsC. William Carlos WilliamsD. Wallace Stevens18._______, an epic depiction of one dispossessed Oklahoma family’s migration toCalifornia in search a new life, written by ___________, is among the most widely read novel of 20th century.B. Of Mice and Men, John SteinbeckA. The Grape of Wrath, JohnSteinbeckC. In Our Time, Ernest HemingwayD. Light in August, William Faulkner19. Which of the following writers is NOT a Nobel Prize Winner?A. Ezra PoundB. Ernest HemingwayC. William FaulknerD. Saul Bellow20. Early in 1920s the most prominent of the new American playwrights, _______,established an international reputation with such plays as The Emperor Jones, Anna Christie and The Hairy Ape.A. Arthur MillerB. Tennessee WilliamsC. Walt WhitmanD. Eugene O’NeillIII.Matching. Find the relevant match from column B for each item in column A and put the letters on the answer sheet. (20 points, 1 point for each.)Section AColumn A Column B1.Francis Bacon A.For Whom the Bell Tolls2.John Milton B.The Legend of Sleepy Hollow3.Herman Melville C.Seize the Day4.W. B. Yeats D.A Streetcar Named Desire5.Washington Irving E.Paradise Lost6.Henry Fielding F.Sailing to Byzantium7. E. M. Forster G.Moby Dick8.Ernest Hemingway H.Advancement of Learning39.Saul Bellow I.Tom Jones10.Tennessee Williams J.Howards EndSection BColumn A Column B1.The Tempest A.Lord Henry2.Sister Carrie B.Catherine Linton3.Great Expectation C.Leopold Bloom4.Sons and Lovers D.Nick Carraway5.Native Son dy Teazle6.Wuthering Heights F.Prospero7.The Great Gatsby G.Bigger Thomas8.Ulysses H.G. W. Hurstwood9.The School for Scandal I.Mrs. Morel10.The Picture of Dorian Gray J.PipIV. Read the following pieces of selected works and answer the question followed by the passage. Write your answers on the answer sheet. (40 points, 8 points for each.)1.It is a melancholy object to those, who walk through this great town, or travel in the country, when they see the streets, the roads and cabbin-doors crowded with beggars of the female sex, followed by three, four, or six children, all in rags, and importuning every passenger for an alms. These mothers instead of being able to work for their honest livelihood, are forced to employ all their time in strolling to beg sustenance for their helpless infants who, as they grow up, either turn thieves for want of work, or leave their dear native country, to fight for the Pretender in Spain, or sell themselves to the Barbadoes.Q: This text is from Jonathan Swift’ s “A Modest Proposal”. What is Swift’s attitude toward the beggars he describes?2.My heart leaps up when I beholdA rainbow in the sky:So was it when my life began,So is it now I am a man,So be it when I shall grow oldOr let me die!The child is father of the man:And I could wish my days to beBound each to each by natural piety.Q：This is a short poem written by William Wordsworth. Please explain theunderlined lines.3.I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practice resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life, to live so sturdily and Spartan-like as to put to rout all that was not life, to cut a broad swath and shave close, to drive life into a corner, and reduce it to its lowest terms, and, if it proved to be mean, why then to get the whole and genuine meanness of it, and publish its meanness to the world; or if it were sublime, to know it by experience, and be able to give a true account of it in my next excursion. For most men, it appears to me, are in a strange uncertainty about it, whether it is of the devil or of God, and have somewhat hastily concluded that it is the chief end of man here to “glorify God and enjoy him forever.”Q：This text is selected from Henry David Thoreau’s Walden, under the title “Where I Lived, and What I Lived For.” Please explain the underlined sentence.4.“Shall I?” I said briefly; and I looked at his features, beautiful in their harmony, but strangely formidable in their still severity; at his brow, commanding, but not open; at his eyes, bright and deep and searching, but never soft; at his tall imposing figure; and fancied myself in idea his wife. Oh! it would never do! As his curate, his comrade, all would be right: I would cross oceans with him in that capacity; toil under Eastern suns, in Asian deserts with him in that office; admire and emulate his courage and devotion and vigour: accommodate quietly to his masterhood; smile undisturbed at his ineradicable ambition. . . . I should suffer often, no doubt, attached to him only in this capacity: my body would be under a rather stringent yoke, but my heart and mind would be free. I should still have my unblighted self to turn to: my natural unenslaved feelings with which to communicate in moments of loneliness. There would be recesses in my mind which would be only mine, to which he never came; and sentiments growing there, fresh and sheltered, which his austerity could never blight, nor his measured warrior-march trample down: but as his wife—at his side always, and always restrained, and always checked—forced to keep the fire of my nature continually low, to compel it to burn inwardly and never utter a cry, though the imprisoned flame consumed vital after vital—this would be unendurable.Q：This passage is from Jane Eyre. It occurs in Chapter 34. St. John Rivers has just asked Jane to join him as his wife on his missionary trip to India. Please evaluate Jane’s interior conflict involved in making her decision.5.When Miss Emily Grieison died, our whole town went to her funeral: the men through a sort of respectful affection for a fallen monument, the women mostly out of curiosity to see the inside of her house, which no one save an old manservant---combined gardener and cook---had seen in at least ten years.…Alive, Miss Emily had been a tradition, a duty, and a care; a sort of hereditary obligation upon the town, dating from the day in 1894 when Colonel Sartoris, the mayor—he who lathered the edict that no Negro woman should appear on the streets without an apron—remitted her taxes, die dispensation dating from the death of her father on into perpetuity.Q：This text is from William Faulkner’s short story “A Rose for Emily”. Please explain the underlined part.V. Answer the following questions, and elaborate your opinion with examples. Write your answers on the answer sheet. (45 points, 15 points for each.)1. What are the features of Realism of Victorian novels? Elaborate them with thenovels of Victorian writers.2. State the literary achievements of T. S. Eliot, and elaborate them with his works.3. Please make a comparison between “The Angry Young Man” and “The BeatGeneration”.广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2009年考试科目代码及名称：807-英美文学适用专业：050201-英语语言文学一、名词解释（5题，每题5分，共25分）1. theme2. symbol3. Alliteration4. plot5. genre二、选择填空（20题，每题1分，共20分）1. In the year _____ (1607, 1066, 1068, 1088), at the battle of Hastings, the Normans headed by William, Duke of Normandy, defeated the Anglo-Saxons.2. The literature of the Middle English Period was a combination of ________ (French, German, Italian, Roman ) and Anglo—Saxon elements.3. Renaissance was a great ______ (romantic, realistic, cultural, economical) and intellectual movement against feudalism and hierarchy that swept the whole Europe in the 14th century.4. It was Henry VIII who started the Protestant ________ (Reformation, Movement, Genre,School), thus Protestantism came into being.5. Edmund Spenser was the author of the greatest epic poem of the time, _______ (The Faerie Queene,The Defence of Poesie, The Forest, The Canterbury Tales).6. King James _______ (Book, Poetry, Bible, Story) is also called the Authorized Version (1611), whose simple and dignified language had a great influence on English language, literature, life.7. Chaucer died on the 25th of October, 1400, and was buried in _______ (Westminster Abbey, Oxford, Cambridge, Italy).8. The general tendency of neoclassical literature was to look at social and political life critically, to emphasize intellectual rather than imagination, the ______ (form, wisdom, effect, result) rather than the content of a sentence.9. The Enlightenment was an intellectual movement which was an expression of the bourgeoisie against ________ (capitalism, socialism, communism, feudalism).10. The rise and growth of the ______ (romantic, realistic, popular, idealistic) novel is the most significant development of the 18th century English literature.11. Paradise Lost tells how_______ (Satan, Devil, Spirit, Angels) rebelled against God and how Adam and Eve were driven out of________ (Hell, Eden, Heaven, Home).12. The Pioneers (1823) was the first novel of Cooper’s famous ___________ (“Leatherstocking Tales”, The Last of the Mohicans, the Path Finder, The Prairie) series, set in the exciting period of America’s movement westward.13.____________ (Feminism, Marxism, Criticism, Transcendentalism,) is a philosophic and literary movement that flourish in New England, as a reaction against rationalism and Calvinism. It stressed intuitive understanding of god without the help of the church, and advocated independence of the mind.14.Just as Paine’s Common Sense had unified American feeling for the Revolution, Stowe’s Uncle Tom’s Cabin(1852) united Northern feelings against_________ (slavery, slaver, slave, slavey).15.The pain of the modern _________ (Naturalism, Existentialism, Hellenism, Hedonism) was that“The world is a place where God and nature are silent”, and the universe is a “design of darkness”.16.The American West could be described “without the sense of any older civilization outside of it. The East, however, was always looking fearfully over its shoulder at__________ (Oceania, Africa, Europe, Asia).”17. During the 22 years of his literary work Shakespeare produced_______ (34, 35, 36, 37, ) plays, 2 narrative poems and _______ (154, 155,156,157) sonnets.18. _______ (Ballads, Sonnets, Poems, lyrics) are anonymous narrative songs that have been preserved by oral transmission.19. Robinson names_______ (Monday, Tuesday, Friday, Sunday) to commemorate the day of the savage’s rescue.20. ________ (William Blake, Ben Jonson, John Donne, Robert Greene) and _______ (William Wordsworth, George Gordon Byron, Robert Burns, Alfred Tennyson) are the two poets who represented the spirit of what is usually called Pre-Romanticism.三、作家、作品与人物配对（20题，每题1分，共20分）；A B1. Thomas More a. Of Studies.2. W. Shakespeare b. Paradise Lost3. Edmund Spenser c. Utopia4. F. Bacon d. Hamlet5. J. Milton e. The Faerie Queene6. J. Bunyan f. Robinson Crusoe7. John Dryden g. Don Juan8. D. Defoe h. The Pilgim’s Progress9. J. Swift i. Alexander’s Feast10. George Gordon Byren j. Gulliver’s Travels11. Mark Twain k. Uncle Tom’s Cabin12. Walt Whitman l. A Farewell to Arms13. William Faulkner m. The Portrait of A Lady14. F. Scott Fitzgerald n. The Waste Land15. Herman Melville o.The Sound and the Fury16. Henry James p. The Grapes of Wrath17 Harriet Beecher Stowe q. The Great Gatsby18 John Steinbeck r. The Adventures of Tom Sawyer19 T. S. Eliot s. Moby-Dick20 Ernest Hemingway t. Leaves of Grass四、作品理解（5题，每题8分，共40分）Passage 1Then went the Jury out, whose names were, Mr Blindman, Mr No-good, Mr Malice, Mr Love-lust, Mr Live-loose, Mr Heady, Mr High-mind, Mr Enmity, Mr Lyar, Mr Cruelty, Mr Hate-light, and Mr Implacable; who every one gave in his private Verdict against him among themselves, and afterwards unanimously concluded to bring him in guilty before the Judge. And first among themselves, Mr Blind-man the Foreman, said, I see clearly that this man is an Heretick.Then said Mr Nogood, Away with such a fellow from the earth. Ay, said Mr Malice, for I hate the very looks of him. Then said Mr Love-lust, I could never endure him. Nor I, said Mr Live-loose, for he would always be condemning my way. Hang him, hang him, said Mr Heady. A sorry Scrub, said Mr High-mind. My heart riseth against him, said Mr Enmity. He is a Rogue, said Mr Lyar. Hanging is too good for him, said Mr Cruelty. Let us dispatch him out of the way, said Mr Hate-light. Then said Mr Implacable, Might I have all the world given me, I could not be reconciled to him; therefore let us forthwith bring him in guilty of death. And so they did; therefore he was presently condemned to be had from the place where he was, to the place from whence he came, and there to be put to the most cruel death that could be invented.They therefore brought him out, to do with him according to their Law; and first they Scourged him, then they Buffeted him, then they Lanced his flesh with Knives; after that they Stoned him with stones, then pricked him with their Swords; and last of all they burned him to ashes at the Stake. Thus came Faithful to his end.Now I saw that there stood behind the multitude a Chariot and a couple of Horses, waiting for Faithful, who (so soon as his adversaries had dispatched him) was taken up into it, and straitway was carried up through the Clouds, with sound of Trumpet, the nearest way to the Coelestial Gate. Brave Faithful, bravely done in word and deed; Judge, Witnesses, and Jury have, instead Of overcoming thee, but shewn their rage: When they are Dead, thou'lt Live from age to age.But as for Christian, he had some respite, and was remanded back to prison; so he there remained for a space: But he that over-rules all things, having the power of their rage in his own hand, so wrought it about, that Christian for that time escaped them, and went his way. And as he went he sang, saying,Well Faithful, thou hast faithfully profestUnto thy Lord; with whom thou shalt be blest,When faithless ones, with all their vain delights,Are crying out under their hellish plights:Sing, Faithful, sing, and let thy name survive;For though they kill'd thee, thou art yet alive.Now I saw in my Dream, that Christian went not forth alone, for there was one whose name was Hopeful, (being made so by the beholding of Christian and Faithful in their words and behaviour, in their sufferings at the Fair) who joined himself unto him, and entering into a brotherly covenant, told him that he would be his Companion. Thus one died to make Testimony to the Truth, and another rises out of his ashes to be a Companion with Christian in his pilgrimage. This Hopeful also told Christian, that there were many more of the men in the Fair that would take their time and follow after.Questions: Fill in the blanks with one word for each. (8%, two scores for each blank) 1．The above is taken from _________’s The Pilgrim’s Progress.2．It is a selection from Chapter VI of The Pilgrim’s Progress, entitled _____ .3．The work is a religious instruction written in the form of _______ and ______.Passage 2Hamlet’s SoliloquyTo be, or not to be: that is the question:Whether ’tis nobler in the mind to sufferThe slings and arrows of outrageous fortuneOr to take arms against a sea of troublesAnd by opposing end them. To die—to sleep—No more; and by a sleep to say we endThe heartache, and the thousand natural shocksThat flesh is heir to. ’Tis a consummationDevoutly to be wish’d. To die—to sleep.To sleep—Perchance to dream: ay, there ’s the rub!For in that sleep of death what dreams may comeWhen we have shuffled off this mortal coil,Must give us pause. There’s the respectThat makes calamity of so long life.For who would bear the whips and scorns of time,Th’ oppressor’s wrong, the proud man’s contumely,The pangs of despis’d love, the law’s delay,The insolence of office, and the spurnsThat patient merit of th’ unworthy takes,When he himself might his quietus makeWith a bare bodkin? Who would fardels bear,To grunt and sweat under a weary life,But that the dread of something after death—The undiscover’d country, from whose bournNo traveller returns—puzzles the will,And makes us rather bear those ills we haveThan fly to others that we know not of?Thus conscience does make cowards of us all,And thus the native hue of resolutionIs sicklied o’er with the pale cast of thought,And enterprises of great pitch and momentWith this regard their currents turn awryAnd lose the name of action.Questions: Answer the following questions briefly.(8%, four scores for each)1．Hamlet’s melancholy and procrastination are revealed in this soliloquy. What question is he pondering on ?2．Please explain “ To be, or not to be”.Passage 3.Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate.Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And summer’s lease hath all too short a date:Sometimes too hot the eye of heaven shines,And often is his gold complexion dimmed;And every fair from fair sometime declines,By chance, or nature’s changing course, untrimmed:But thy eternal summer shall not fade,Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest;Nor shall Death brag thou wanderest in his shadeWhen in eternal lines to time thou growest.So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.Questions: (8%, two scores for each item)1. This is one of Shakespeare’s best known________.A. sonnetsB. balladsC. songs2. It runs in iambic pentameter rhymed_________.3. The fourteen lines include three Stanzas according to their content, with the last two lines as a ________which complete the sense of the above lines.4. It deals with the conventional theme that natural beauty will surely be knocked out with the passing of time and that only ________can bring eternity to the one the poet loves and eulogizes.Passage 4.I lay down on the grass, which was very short and soft, where I slept sounder than ever I remember to have done in my life, and as I reckoned, above nine hours; for when I awaked, it was just daylight. I attempted to rise, but was not able to stir: for as I happened to be on my back, I found my arms and legs were strongly fastened on each side to the ground; and my hair, which was long and thick, tied down in the same manner. I likewise felt several slender ligature across my body, from my armpits to my thighs. I could only look upwards; the sun began to grow hot, and the light offended my eyes. I heard a confused noise about me, but in the posture I lay, could see nothing except the sky. In a little time I felt something alive moving on my left leg, which advancing gently forward over my breast, came almost up to my chin; when bending my eyes downwards as much as I could, I perceived it to be a human creature not six inches high, with a bow and arrow in his hands, and a quiver at his back.Questions: (8%, two scores for each blank)1. This passage is taken from a well-known novel written by ___________.2. The “I” in the novel was dropped in a strange country. The country’s name is ___________.3. The name of the novel is ___________.4. The name of the “I” in this passage is __________.Passage 5Of StudiesStudies serve for delight, for ornament, and for ability. Their chief use for delight is in privateness and retiring; for ornament, is in discourse; and for ability, is in the judgment, and disposition of business. For expert men can execute, and perhaps judge of particulars, one by one; but the general counsels, and the plots and marshalling of affairs, come best from those that are learned. To spend too much time in studies is sloth; to use them too much for ornament, is affectation; to make judgment wholly by their rules, is the humor of a scholar. They perfect nature, and are perfected by experience; for natural abilities are like natural plants, that need proyning by study; and studies themselves do give forth directions too much at large, except they be bounded in by experience. Crafty men contemn studies, simple men admire them, and wise men use them; for they teach not their own use; but that is a wisdom without them, and above them, won by observation. Read not to contradict and confute; nor to believe and take for granted; nor to find talk and discourse; but to weigh and consider. Some books are to be tasted, others to be swallowed, and some few to be chewed and digested; that is, some books are to be read only in parts; others to be read, but not curiously; and some few to be read wholly, and with diligence and attention. Some books also may be read by deputy, and extracts made of them by others; but that would be only in the less important arguments and the meaner sort of books; else distilled books are like common distilled waters, flashy things. Reading maketh a full man; conference a ready man, and writing an exact man. And therefore, if a man write little, he had need have a great memory; if he confer little, he had need have a present wit; and if he read little, he had need have much cunning, to seem toknow that he doth not. Histories make men wise; poets, witty; the mathematics, subtile; natural philosophy, deep; moral, grave; logic and rhetoric, able to contend. Abeunt studia in mores. Nay, there is no stond or impediment in the wit but may be wrought out by fit studies; like as diseases of the body may have appropriate exercises. Bowling is good for the stone and reins; shooting for the lungs and breast; gentle walking for the stomach; riding for the head; and the like. So if a man's wit be wandering, let him study the mathematics; for in demonstrations, if his wit be called away never so little, he must begin again. If his wit be not apt to distinguish or find differences, let him study the schoolmen, for they are Cymini sectors. If he be not apt to beat over matters and to call up one thing to prove and illustrate another, let him study the lawyers' cases. So every defect of the mind may have a special receipt.Questions:Fill in the blanks with only one word. ( 8%, two scores for each blank)1.“ in discourse” means in ________.2.“able to contend” means able to ______.3.“ simple men” means _______men.4.“ in the wit” means in the _______.五、论述题（3题，每题15分，共45分）1. What do you know about critical realism?2. What is the main idea of The Merchant of Venice?3.Summarize the novel Adventures of Tom Sawyer and make some comments on the maincharacters in it.广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：20010年考试科目代码及名称：807-英美文学适用专业：050201-英语语言文学[友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！]I. Define the following five terms. (25 points in all, 5 points for each)1. Symbol2. The English Renaissance3. Naturalism4. Romanticism5. Transcendentalist ClubII. Multiple choice. In this part, there are 20 statements or questions;in each of them, there are four choices marked by A), B), C), and D).Choose the ONE answer that is the most suitable to the statement orquestion. (20 points in all, 1 point for each)。
2014年广东财经大学考研真题805-管理信息系统
广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2014年考试科目代码及名称：805-管理信息系统适用专业：087100 管理科学与工程［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］一、名词解释（6题，每题5分，共30分）1.DSS2.BSP方法3.MRP II4.业务流程图5.企业过程6.数字化企业二、判断说明（8题，每题5分，共40分）1．管理信息系统实施阶段的主要工作内容是就切换和试运行新系统。
2. 给事物设计代码是为了便于记忆。
3. 在管理信息系统开发时，把系统划分为子系统是为了便于工作任务安排。
4．管理信息系统切换只能用直接切换方法进行新系统切换。
5.在诺兰模型中，建成完全一体化数据库是控制阶段的标志。
6.信息系统开发风险的评价是规模大结构稳定的系统，较规模小结构不稳定的系统风险小。
7.管理信息系统的结构化开发方法的认知基础是系统观点+功能结构+业务流程再造。
8.识别企业过程的三种主要资源不包括产品/服务资源。
三、设计和分析（2题，每题20分，共40分）1．某企业订货处理流程描述：采购员从仓库收到缺货通知单后，查阅订货合同单，若已订货，则向供货单位发出催货请求，否则，填写订货单送供货单位。
供货单位发出货物后，立即向采购员发出取货通知单。
(1) 请根据订货业务处理过程画出订货管理业务流程图。
（10分）(2) 分析订货管理业务处理系统中的实体，列出实体名称。
（10分）2．假设某物流公司货物货运收费标准为：若收货地点在本省以内，快件每公斤6元，慢件每公斤4元。
若收货地点在外省，且货物重量小于或等于15公斤，快件每公斤8元，慢件每公斤6元；若货物重量大于15公斤，超重部分每公斤加收1.5元。
（1）请将决策处理过程用决策树表示出来。
（10分）（2）请将决策处理过程用决策表表示出来。
（10分）四、案例研究题（2题，每题20分，共40分）1.某企业用质数法设计代码校验位方案说明：原代码共7位，从左到右取权3，5，7，13，17，19，23，以11为模。
广东财经大学613-英语水平考试2017--2020年考研真题汇编
广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2017年 考试科目代码及名称：613-英语水平考试 适用专业：050201 英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］I. Cloze 完形填空（30题，每题1分，共30分）Direction : There are 3 passages below. Read each of them and choose the proper word from the word list to fill in each of the blanks in the passages. Each word can be used only once.Passage 1Two of the most frustrating things about driving a car are getting lost andgetting stuck in traffic. While the computer revolution is (1)_____to cure these problems, it will have a positive impact. Sensors in your car tuned to radio signals from (2)____satellites can locate your car (3)_____at any moment and warn of traffic jams. We already have twenty-four Navstar satellites orbiting the earth, making up what is called the Global Positioning System. They make it possible to determine your(4)_______on the earth to within about a hundred feet. At any (5)______time, there are several GPS satellites orbiting overhead at a distance of about 11,000 miles. Each satellite cont ains four “atomic clocks,” which (6)_____ at a precise frequency, according to the laws of the quantum theory.As a satellite passes overhead, it sends out a radio (7)___that can be detected bya receiver in a car’s computer. The car’s computer can then (8)___how far the satellite is by (9)____how long it took for the signal to arrive. Since the speed of light is well known, any delay in receivin g the satellite’s signal can be (10)_____into a distance.Passage 2More than 30 million cars and trucks nationwide are (1) with dangerously(2)____air bags, congressional officials say, a number that raises questions about whether the US (3)____industry can handle what could become the largest recall in history.Federal safety (4)____have recalled only 7.8 million vehicles over the defect in afew states, a limited action that (5)____said Thursday was vastly insufficient to(6)____what they deemed “a public safety threat”.Two senators demanded a much (7)____recall that would cover everyaffectedvehicle nationwide. (8)_____a recall of that magnitude ---- including best-selling models from Honda, Toyota, GM, Chrysler and six other companies (9)____ 2002 to 2007 ---- could prove far (10)_____than the industry has ever managed.Passage 3Britain is not just one country and one people; even if some of its inhabitants think so. Britain is, in fact, a nation which can be divided into several (1) __ parts, each part being an individual country with its own language, character and cultural (2) __. Thus Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales do not claim to (3) __ to "England" because their inhabitants are not (4) __ "English". They are Scottish, Irish or Welsh and many of them prefer to speak their own native tongue, which in turn is (5) __ to the others.These cultural minorities(少数民族) have been Britain’s original inhabitants. In varying degrees they have managed to (6) __ their national characteristics, and their particular customs and way of life. This is probably even more true of the (7) __ areas where traditional life has not been so affected by the (8)__ of industrialism as the border areas have been. The Celtic races are said to be more emotional by nature than the English. An Irish temper is legendary. The Scots could rather (9) __ about their reputation for excessive thrift and prefer to be remembered for their folk songs and dances, while the Welsh are famous for their singing. The Celtic (10)__ as a whole produces humorous writers and artists, such as the Irish Bernard Shaw, the Scottish Robert Burns, and the Welsh Dylan Thomas, to mention but a few.II. Proofreading and error correction 改错题 (15题，每题2分，共30分)Directions:The following passage contains 15 errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. Correct the errors and write the answers on your answer sheet.What is corporate culture? At its most basic, it’s described like (1) ____the personality of an organization, or simply as “how things aredone around here.” It guides what employees think, act, and feel. (2)_____ Corporate culture is a wide term used to define the unique (3) _____personality or character of a particular company or organization,and include such elements as core values and beliefs, corporate (4) _____ ethics, and rules of behavior. Corporate culture can express (5) _____in the company’s mission statement and other communications,in the architectural style or interior decoration, by what people wearto work, by how people address to each other, and in the titles given (6) _____ various employees. How do you uncover the corporate culture of (7) _____a potential employer? The truth is that you will never really knowthe corporate culture after you have worked at the company for a (8)______ number of months, but you can get close to them through research (9)______and observation. Understanding culture is a two-steps process, (10) _____ starting with the research before the interview and ending (11)______ with observation at the interview. The bottom line is thatyou are going to spend a lot of time on the work environment-(12)______ and to be happy, success, and productive, you will want to (13)______be in a place where you fit for the culture, a place where you (14)______ can have voice, be respected, and have opportunities for (15)______ growth.III. Gap-filling 选词填空题（15题，每题2分，共30分）Directions: Fill in the following blanks with the correct words given according to the meanings of the sentences.1. Environmentalists are doing everything within their power to ________ theimpact of the oil spill.A. minimizeB. belittleC. rejectD. reclaim2. T opics for conversation should be ________ to the experiences and interests of thestudents.A. satisfiedB. relevantC. concernedD. concentrated3. T hey said the operation had been successful and they expected his wife to________.A. bring aboutB. pull throughC. carry onD. put up4. W e could tell that she was still ________ something and it was our job to find outwhat.A. cancelingB. shelteringC. concealingD. settling5. Y ou are legally ________ to take faulty goods back to the store where you boughtthem.A. assignedB. entitledC. acclaimedD. remained6. H is knowledge of English is ________ for the job, although he is not fluent in thelanguage.A. justifiedB. reliableC. adequateD. assured7. T he scientists have been ________ the necessary funds for their research program.A. desiredB. neglectedC. declinedD. denied8. T here is always a ________ that the legal system is designed to suit lawyers ratherthan to protect the public.A. confidenceB. faithC. deceptionD. suspicion9. A spokesman of Ministry of Agriculture said that a series of policies would beimplemented to ________ the development of agriculture.A. demoteB. promoteC. decreaseD. increase10. A dark suit is ________ to a light one for evening wear.A. favorableB. suitableC. properD. preferable11. The foreign company has been ________ running this factory for decades.A. enormouslyB. effectivelyC. infinitelyD. extremely12. I’m not sick; ________, I’m in the peak of health.A. to be honestB. on the contraryC. to my delightD. on all sides13. By a ________ of good luck, Gene, who had been buried in the rubble for morethan 26 hours, came out alive.A. strokeB. hitC. strikeD. blow14. A dvertising is an intensely ________ business.A. competitiveB. aggressiveC. adventurousD. lucrative15. She was _______ upset to find that she failed in the final examination.A. somehowB. somewayC. somewhatD. somewhereIV. Reading Comprehension 阅读理解（30题，每题2分，共60分）Directions: In this section, there six reading passages followed by a total of thirty multiple-choice questions. Read the passages carefully and then choose the correct answer.Passage 1 The Birth of Photography【1】Perceptions of the visible world were greatly altered by the invention of photography in the middle of the nineteenth century. In particular, and quite logically, the art of painting was forever changed, though not always in the ways one might have expected. The realistic and naturalistic painters of the mid- and late-nineteenth century were all intently aware of photography—as a thing to use, to learn from, and react to.【2】Unlike most major inventions, photography had been long and impatiently awaited. The images produced by the camera obscura, a boxlike device that used a pinhole or lens to throw an image onto a ground-glass screen or a piece of white paper, were already familiar—the device had been much employed by topographical artists like the Italian painter Canaletto in his detailed views of the city of Venice. What was lacking was a way of giving such images permanent form. This was finally achieved by Louis Daguerre (1787-1851), who perfected a way of fixing them on a silvered copper plate. His discovery, the "daguerreotype," was announced in 1839.【3】A second and very different process was patented by the British inventor William Henry Talbot (1800-1877) in 1841. Talbot's "calotype" was the first negative-to-positive process and the direct ancestor of the modern photograph. The calotype was revolutionary in its use of chemically treated paper in which areas hit by light became dark in tone, producing a negative image. This "negative," as Talbot called it, could then be used to print multiple positive images on another piece of treated paper.【4】The two processes produced very different results. The daguerreotype was a unique image that reproduced what was in front of the camera lens in minute, unselective detail and could not be duplicated. The calotype could be made in series, and was thus the equivalent of an etching or an engraving. Its general effect was soft edged and tonal.【5】One of the things that most impressed the original audience for photography was the idea of authenticity. Nature now seemed able to speak for itself, with a minimum of interference. The title Talbot chose for his book, The Pencil of Nature (the first part of which was published in 1844), reflected this feeling. Artists were fascinated by photography because it offered a way of examining the world in much greater detail. They were also afraid of it, because it seemed likely to make their own efforts unnecessary.【6】Photography did indeed make certain kinds of painting obsolete—the daguerreotype virtually did away with the portrait miniature. It also made the whole business of making and owning images democratic. Portraiture, once a luxury for the privileged few, was suddenly well within the reach of many more people.【7】In the long term, photography's impact on the visual arts was far from simple. Because the medium was so prolific, in the sense that it was possible to produce a multitude of images very cheaply, it was soon treated as the poor relation of fine art, rather than its destined successor. Even those artists who were most dependent on photography became reluctant to admit that they made use of it, in case thiscompromised their professional standing.【8】The rapid technical development of photography—the introduction of lighter and simpler equipment, and of new emulsions that coated photographic plates, film, and paper and enabled images to be made at much faster speeds—had some unanticipated consequences. Scientific experiments made by photographers such as Eadweard Muybridge (1830-1904) and Etienne-Jules Marey (1830-1904) demonstrated that the movements of both humans and animals differed widely from the way they had been traditionally represented in art. Artists, often reluctantly, were forced to accept the evidence provided by the camera. The new candid photography—unposed pictures that were made when the subjects were unaware that their pictures were being taken—confirmed these scientific results, and at the same time, thanks to the radical cropping (trimming) of images that the camera often imposed, suggested new compositional formats. The accidental effects obtained by candid photographers were soon being copied by artists such as the French painter Degas.1.What can be inferred from paragraphs 1 and 2 about the effect of photography on nineteenth-century painting?A. Photography did not significantly change the way people looked at reality.B. Most painters used the images of the camera obscura in preference to those of the daguerreotype.C. Painters who were concerned with realistic or naturalistic representation were particularly influenced by photography.D. Artists used the long-awaited invention of photography in just the ways they had expected to.2. According to paragraphs 2 and 3 which of the following did the daguerreotype and the calotype have in common?A. They were equally useful for artists.B. They could be reproduced.C. They produced a permanent imageD. They were produced on treated paper.3. The word "authenticity" in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning toA. improvement.B. practicality.C. genuineness.D. repetition.4.What point does the author make in paragraph 6?A. Paintings became less expensive because of competition with photography.B. Photography, unlike painting, was a type of portraiture that even ordinary people could afford.C. Every style of painting was influenced by the invention of photography.D. The daguerreotype was more popular than the calotype.5.It can be inferred from paragraph 8 that one effect that photography had on painting was that itA.provided painters with new insights into how humans and animals actually move.B.showed that representing movement could be as interesting as portrait art.C.increased the appeal of painted portraiture among the wealthy.D.influenced artists to improve techniques for painting faster.Passage 2 Early Settlements in the Southwest Asia【1】The universal global warming at the end of the Ice Age had dramatic effects on temperate regions of Asia, Europe, and North America. Ice sheets retreated and sea levels rose. The climatic changes in southwestern Asia were more subtle, in that they involved shifts in mountain snow lines, rainfall patterns, and vegetation cover. However, these same cycles of change had momentous impacts on the sparse human populations of the region. At the end of the Ice Age, no more than a few thousand foragers lived along the eastern Mediterranean coast, in the Jordan and Euphrates valleys. Within 2,000 years, the human population of the region numbered in the tens of thousands, all as a result of village life and farming. Thanks to new environmental and archaeological discoveries, we now know something about this remarkable change in local life.【2】Pollen samples from freshwater lakes in Syria and elsewhere tell us forest cover expanded rapidly at the end of the Ice Age, for the southwestern Asian climate was still cooler and considerably wetter than today. Many areas were richer in animal and plant species than they are now, making them highly favorable for human occupation. About 9000 B.C., most human settlements lay in the area along the Mediterranean coast and in the Zagros Mountains of Iran and their foothills. Some local areas, like the Jordan River valley, the middle Euphrates valley, and some Zagros valleys, were more densely populated than elsewhere. Here more sedentary and more complex societies flourished. These people exploited the landscape intensively, foraging on hill slopes for wild cereal grasses and nuts, while hunting gazelle and other game on grassy lowlands and in river valleys. Their settlements contain exotic objects such as seashells, stone bowls, and artifacts made of obsidian (volcanic glass), all traded from afar. This considerable volume of intercommunity exchange brought a degree of social complexity in its wake.【3】Thanks to extremely fine-grained excavation and extensive use of flotation methods (through which seeds are recovered from soil samples), we know a great deal about the foraging practices of the inhabitants of Abu Hureyra in Syria's Euphrates valley. Abu Hureyra was founded about 9500B.C, a small village settlement of cramped pit dwellings (houses dug partially in the soil) with reed roofs supported by wooden uprights. For the next 1,500 years, its inhabitants enjoyed a somewhat warmer and damper climate than today, living in a well-wooded steppe area where wild cereal grasses were abundant. They subsisted off spring migrations of Persian gazelles from the south. With such a favorable location, about 300 to 400 people lived in a sizable, permanent settlement. They were no longer a series of small bands but lived in a large community with more elaborate social organization, probably grouped into clans of people of common descent.【4】The flotation samples from the excavations allowed botanists to study shifts in plant-collecting habits as if they were looking through a telescope at a changing landscape. Hundreds of tiny plant remains show how the inhabitants exploited nutharvests in nearby pistachio and oak forests. However, as the climate dried up, the forests retreated from the vicinity of the settlement. The inhabitants turned to wild cereal grasses instead, collecting them by the thousands, while the percentage of nuts in the diet fell. By 8200B.C., drought conditions were so severe that the people abandoned their long-established settlement, perhaps dispersing into smaller camps. 【5】Five centuries later, about 7700B.C., a new village rose on the mound. At first the inhabitants still hunted gazelle intensively. Then, about 7000 B.C., within the space of a few generations, they switched abruptly to herding domesticated goats and sheep and to growing einkorn, pulses, and other cereal grasses. Abu Hureyra grew rapidly until it covered nearly 30 acres. It was a close-knit community of rectangular, one-story mud-brick houses, joined by narrow lanes and courtyards, finally abandoned about 5000 B.C.. Many complex factors led to the adoption of the new economies, not only at Abu Hureyra, but at many other locations such as 'Ain Ghazal, also in Syria, where goat toe bones showing the telltale marks of abrasion caused by foot tethering (binding) testify to early herding of domestic stock.6. The word "momentous" in the passage (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning toA. numerous.B. regular.C. very important.D. very positive.7. Major climatic changes occurred by the end of the Ice Age in all of the following geographic areas EXCEPTA. temperate regions of Asia.B. southwestern Asia.C. North America.D. Europe.8. Why does the author mention "seashells, stone bowls, and artifacts made of obsidian" in paragraph 2?A. To give examples of objects obtained through trade with other societies.B. To illustrate the kinds of objects that are preserved in a cool climate.C. To provide evidence that the organization of work was specialized.D. To give examples of the artistic ability of local populations.9. Paragraph 4 suggests that the people of Abu Hureyra abandoned their long-established settlement becauseA. the inhabitants had cleared all the trees from the forests.B. wild cereal grasses took over pistachio and oak forests.C. people wanted to explore new areas.D. lack of rain caused food shortages.10. According to paragraph 5, after 7000 B.C. the settlement of Abu Hureyra differed from earlier settlements at that location in all of the following EXCEPTA. the domestication of animals.B. the intensive hunting of gazelle.C. the size of the settlement.D. the design of the dwellings.Passage 3 Children and Advertising【1】Young children are trusting of commercial advertisements in the media, and advertisers have sometimes been accused of taking advantage of this trusting outlook. The Independent Television Commission, regulator of television advertising in the United Kingdom, has criticized advertisers for "misleadingness"—creating a wrong impression either intentionally or unintentionally—in an effort to control advertisers' use of techniques that make it difficult for children to judge the true size, action, performance, or construction of a toy.【2】General concern about misleading tactics that advertisers employ is centered on the use of exaggeration. Consumer protection groups and parents believe that children are largely ill-equipped to recognize such techniques and that often exaggeration is used at the expense of product information. Claims such as "the best" or "better than" can be subjective and misleading; even adults may be unsure as to their meaning. They represent the advertiser's opinions about the qualities of their products or brand and, as a consequence, are difficult to verify. Advertisers sometimes offset or counterbalance an exaggerated claim with a disclaimer—a qualification or condition on the claim. For example, the claim that breakfast cereal has a health benefit may be accompanied by the disclaimer "when part of a nutritionally balanced breakfast." However, research has shown that children often have difficulty understanding disclaimers: children may interpret the phrase "when part of a nutritionally balanced breakfast" to mean that the cereal is required as a necessary part of a balanced breakfast. The author George Comstock suggested that less than a quarter of children between the ages of six and eight years old understood standard disclaimers used in many toy advertisements and that disclaimers are more readily comprehended when presented in both audio and visual formats. Nevertheless, disclaimers are mainly presented in audio format only.【3】Fantasy is one of the more common techniques in advertising that could possibly mislead a young audience. Child-oriented advertisements are more likely to include magic and fantasy than advertisements aimed at adults. In a content analysis of Canadian television, the author Stephen Kline observed that nearly all commercials for character toys featured fantasy play. Children have strong imaginations and the use of fantasy brings their ideas to life, but children may not be adept enough to realize that what they are viewing is unreal. Fantasy situations and settings are frequently used to attract children's attention, particularly in food advertising. Advertisements for breakfast cereals have, for many years, been found to be especially fond of fantasy techniques, with almost nine out of ten including such content. Generally, there is uncertainty as to whether very young children can distinguish between fantasy and reality in advertising. Certainly, rational appeals in advertising aimed at children are limited, as most advertisements use emotional and indirect appeals to psychological states or associations.【4】The use of celebrities such as singers and movie stars is common in advertising. The intention is for the positively perceived attributes of the celebrity to be transferred to the advertised product and for the two to become automatically linked in the audience's mind. In children's advertising, the "celebrities" are often animated figuresfrom popular cartoons. In the recent past, the role of celebrities in advertising to children has often been conflated with the concept of host selling. Host selling involves blending advertisements with regular programming in a way that makes it difficult to distinguish one from the other. Host selling occurs, for example, when a children's show about a cartoon lion contains an ad in which the same lion promotes a breakfast cereal. The psychologist Dale Kunkel showed that the practice of host selling reduced children's ability to distinguish between advertising and program material. It was also found that older children responded more positively to products in host selling advertisements.【5】Regarding the appearance of celebrities in advertisements that do not involve host selling, the evidence is mixed. Researcher Charles Atkin found that children believe that the characters used to advertise breakfast cereals are knowledgeable about cereals, and children accept such characters as credible sources of nutritional information. This finding was even more marked for heavy viewers of television. In addition, children feel validated in their choice of a product when a celebrity endorses that product. A study of children in Hong Kong, however, found that the presence of celebrities in advertisements could negatively affect the children's perceptions of a product if the children did not like the celebrity in question.11. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 1 as being a difficult judgment for children to make about advertised toys?A. How big the toys are?B. How much the toys cost?C. What the toys can do?D. How the toys are made?12. The word “verify” in the passage is closest in meaning toA. establish the truth of.B. approve of.C. understand.D. criticize.13. Cereal advertisements that include the statement “when part of a nutritionally balanced breakfast” are trying to suggest thatA. the cereal is a desirable part of a healthful, balanced breakfast.B. the cereal contains equal amounts of all nutrients.C. cereal is a healthier breakfast than other foods are.D. the cereal is the most nutritious part of the breakfast meal.14. The word “adept”(Paragraph 3)in the passage is cl osest in meaning toA. responsible.B. skillful.C. patient.D. curious.15. In paragraph 4, why does the author mention a show about a cartoon lion in which an advertisement appears featuring the same lion character?A. To help explain what is meant by th e term "host selling” and why it can be misleading to children.B. To explain why the role of celebrities in advertising aimed at children has often been confused with host selling.C. To compare the effectiveness of using animated figures with the effectiveness of using celebrities in advertisements aimed at children.D. To indicate how Kunkel first became interested in studying the effects of host selling on children.Passage 4 Methods of Studying Infant Perception In the study of perceptual abilities of infants, a number of techniques are used to determine infants' responses to various stimuli. Because they cannot verbalize or fill out questionnaires, indirect techniques of naturalistic observation are used as the primary means of determining what infants can see, hear, feel, and so forth. Each of these methods compares an infant's state prior to the introduction of a stimulus with its state during or immediately following the stimulus. The difference between the two measures provides the researcher with an indication of the level and duration of the response to the stimulus. For example, if a uniformly moving pattern of some sort is passed across the visual field of a neonate (newborn), repetitive following movements of the eye occur. The occurrence of these eye movements provides evidence that the moving pattern is perceived at some level by the newborn. Similarly, changes in the infant's general level of motor activity —turning the head, blinking the eyes, crying, and so forth — have been used by researchers as visual indicators of the infant's perceptual abilities.Such techniques, however, have limitations. First, the observation may be unreliable in that two or more observers may not agree that the particular response occurred, or to what degree it occurred. Second, responses are difficult to quantify. Often the rapid and diffuse movements of the infant make it difficult to get an accurate record of the number of responses. The third, and most potent, limitation is that it is not possible to be certain that the infant's response was due to the stimulus presented or to a change from no stimulus to a stimulus. The infant may be responding to aspects of the stimulus different than those identified by the investigator. Therefore, when observational assessment is used as a technique for studying infant perceptual abilities, care must be taken not to over-generalize from the data or to rely on one or two studies as conclusive evidence of a particular perceptual ability of the infant.Observational assessment techniques have become much more sophisticated, reducing the limitations just presented. Film analysis of the infant's responses, heart and respiration rate monitors, and nonnutritive sucking devices are used as effective tools in understanding infant perception. Film analysis permits researchers to carefully study the infant's responses over and over and in slow motion. Precise measurements can be made of the length and frequency of the infant's attention between two stimuli. Heart and respiration monitors provide the investigator with the number of heartbeats or breaths taken when a new stimulus is presented. Numerical。
2008年广东财经大学外国语学院807英美文学考研真题 【圣才出品】
2008年广东财经大学外国语学院807英美文学考研真题一、概念解释：从7个概念中任选5个解释（5题，每题5分，共25分）1. plot2. symbol3. Alliteration4. Romance5. Heroic couplet6. Spenserian stanza7. point of view二、填空（20题，每题1分，共20分）1. The old English literature is almost a verse literature in ______ form.2. The literature of the Middle English Period was a combination of ______ and Anglo—Saxon elements.3. Renaissance was a great ______ and intellectual movement against feudalism and hierarchy that swept the whole Europe in the 14th century.4. It was Henry VIII who started the Protestant ______, thus Protestantism came into being.5. Plot, ______ , dialogue, staging and theme are the basic elements of drama.6. King James ______ is also called the Authorized Version (1611), whose simple and dignified language had a great influence on English language, literature, life.7. In English history, the reestablishment of the monarchy on the accession of Charles II from 1660 to 1688 is called the ______.8. The general tendency of neoclassical literature was to look at social and political life critically, to emphasize intellectual rather than imagination, the ______ rather than the content of a sentence.9. The Enlightenment was an intellectual movement which was an expression of the bourgeoisie against ______.10. The rise and growth of the ______ novel is the most significant development ofthe 18th century English literature.11. Washington Irving’s important work, The Sket ch Book (1819), contains two ofthe best-loved stories from American literature: ______ and The Legend of Sleepy Hollow.12. The Pioneers (1823) was the first novel of C ooper’s famous ______ series, set inthe exciting period of Americ a’s movement westward.13. ______ is a philosophic and literary movement that flourish in New England, as areaction against rationalism and Calvinism. It stressed intuitive understanding of god without the help of the church, and advocated independence of the mind.14. Just as Paine ’ s Common Sense had unified American feeling for theRevolution, Stowe ’ s Un c le Tom ’ s Cabin (1852) united Northern feelings against ______15. The pain of the modern ______ was that “ The world is a pla ce where God andnature are silent ” , and the universe is a “ design of darkness ” .16. The American West could be desc ribed “ without t he sense of any oldercivilization outside of it. The East, however, was always looking fearfully over its shoulder at ______.”17. During the 22 years of his literary work Shakespeare produced ______ play, 2narrative poems and ______ sonnets.18. Paradise Lost tells how ______ rebelled against God and how Adam and Eve weredriven out of ______.19. Robinson names ______ to c ommemorate the day of the savage’s res cue.20. ______ and ______ are the two poets who represented the spirit of what is usuallycalled Pre-Romanticism.三、作家与作品搭配（20题，每题1分，共20分）；A B1. G. Chaucer a. Of Studies.2. W. Shakespeare b. Paradise Lost3. B. Jonson c. The Canterbury Tales4. F. Bacon d. Hamlet5. J. Milton e. Volpone, or the Fox6. J. Bunyan f. Robinson Crusoe7. J. Donne g. Tom Jones8. D. Defoe h. The Pilgim’s Progress9. J. Swift i. Go and Catch a Falling Star10. H. Fielding j. Gulliver’s Travels11. Theodore Dreiser k. Desire Under the Elms12. Arthur Miller l. A Farewell to Arms13. William Faulkner m. Call of the Wild14. F. Scott Fitzgerald n. The Waste Land15. Herman Melville o. The Sound and the Fury16. Jack London p. The Grapes of Wrath17. Eugene O’Nei ll q. The Great Gatsby18. John Steinbeck r. An American Tragedy19. T. S. Eliot s. Moby-Dick20. Ernest Hemingway t. Death of a Salesman四、作品理解（5题，每题8分，共40分）Passage 1Then went the Jury out, whose names were, Mr Blindman, Mr No-good, Mr Malice, Mr Love-lust, Mr Live-loose, Mr Heady, Mr High-mind, Mr Enmity, Mr Lyar, Mr Cruelty, Mr Hate-light, and Mr Implacable; who every one gave in his private Verdict against him among themselves, and afterwards unanimously concluded to bring him in guilty before the Judge. And first among themselves, Mr Blind-man the Foreman, said, I see clearly that this man is an Heretick.Then said Mr Nogood, Away with such a fellow from the earth. Ay, said Mr Malice, for I hate the very looks of him. Then said Mr Love-lust, I could never endure him. Nor I, said Mr Live-loose,for he would always be condemning my way. Hang him, hang him, said Mr Heady.A sorry Scrub, said Mr High-mind. My heart riseth against him, said Mr Enmity. He is a Rogue, said Mr Lyar. Hanging is too good for him, said Mr Cruelty. Let us dispatch him out of the way, said Mr Hate-light. Then said Mr Implacable, Might I have all the world given me, I could not be reconciled to him; therefore let us forthwith bring him in guilty of death. And so they did; therefore he was presently condemned to be had from the place where he was, to the place from whence he came, and there to be put to the most cruel death that could be invented.They therefore brought him out, to do with him according to their Law; and first they Scourged him, then they Buffeted him, then they Lanced his flesh with Knives; after that they Stoned him with stones, then pricked him with their Swords; and last of all they burned him to ashes at the Stake. Thus came Faithful to his end.Now I saw that there stood behind the multitude a Chariot and a couple of Horses, waiting for Faithful, who (so soon as his adversaries had dispatched him) was taken up into it, and straitway was carried up through the Clouds, with sound of Trumpet, the nearest way to the Coelestial Gate.Brave Faithful, bravely done in word and deed; Judge, Witnesses, and Jury have, instead Of overcoming thee, but shewn their rage: When they are Dead, thou'lt Live from age to age.But as for Christian, he had some respite, and was remanded back to prison; so he there remained for a space: But he that over-rules all things, having the power of their rage in his own hand, so wrought it about, that Christian for that time escapedthem, and went his way. And as he went he sang, saying,Well Faithful, thou hast faithfully profestUnto thy Lord; with whom thou shalt be blest,When faithless ones, with all their vain delights,Are crying out under their hellish plights:Sing, Faithful, sing, and let thy name survive;For though they kill'd thee, thou art yet alive.Now I saw in my Dream, that Christian went not forth alone, for there was one whose name was Hopeful, (being made so by the beholding of Christian and Faithful in their words and behaviour, in their sufferings at the Fair) who joined himself unto him, and entering into a brotherly covenant, told him that he would be his Companion. Thus one died to make Testimony to the Truth, and another rises out of his ashes to be a Companion with Christian in his pilgrimage. This Hopeful also told Christian, that there were many more of the men in the Fair that would take their time and follow after.Questions:Fill in the blanks with one word for each. (8%, two scores for each blank)1. The above is taken from J. Bunyan’s The ____ ____.2. It is a selection from Thac heray’s novel, Chapter VI, entitled _____ _____.3. The work is a religious instruction written in the form of _______ and ______. Passage 2。
广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷
广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2017年考试科目代码及名称：804-英语写作与翻译(自命题)适用专业：050201 英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］Part I Writing （100分）（1）Summary Writing. Please read the following passage and write a summary of 120 to 150 English words. (1题，共40分)English as a National Foreign LanguageIndia has two national languages for central administrative purposes: Hindi and English. Hindi is the national, official, and main link language of India. English is an associate official language. The Indian Constitution also officially approves twenty-two regional languages for official purposes.Dozens of distinctly different regional languages are spoken in India, which share many characteristics such as grammatical structure and vocabulary. Apart from these languages, Hindi is used for communication in India. The homeland of Hindi is mainly in the north of India, but it is spoken and widely understood in all urban centers of India. In the southern states of India, where people speak many different languages that are not much related to Hindi, there is more resistance to Hindi, which has allowed English to remain a lingua franca to a greater degree.Since the early 1600s, the English language has had a toehold on the Indian subcontinent, when the East India Company established settlements in Chennai, Kolkata, and Mumbai, formerly Madras, Calcutta, and Bombay respectively. The historical background of India is never far away from everyday usage of English. India has had a longer exposure to English than any other country which uses it as a second language, its distinctive words, idioms, grammar and rhetoric spreading gradually to affect all places, habits and culture.In India, English serves two purposes. First, it provides a linguistic tool for the administrative cohesiveness of the country, causing people who speak different languages to become united. Secondly, it serves as a language of wider communication, including a large variety of different people covering a vast area. It overlaps with local languages in certain spheres of influence and in public domains.Generally, English is used among Indians as a ‘link’ language and it is the first language for many well-educated Indians. It is also the second language for many who speak more than one language in India. The English language isa tie that helps bind the many segments of our society together. Also, it is alinguistic bridge between the major countries of the world and India.English has special national status in India. It has a special place in the parliament, judiciary, broadcasting, journalism, and in the education system.One can see a Hindi-speaking teacher giving their students instructions during an educational tour about where to meet and when their bus would leave, but all in English. It means that the language permeates daily life. It is unavoidable and is always expected, especially in the cities.The importance of the ability to speak or write English has recently increased significantly because English has become the de facto standard.Learning English language has become popular for business, commerce and cultural reasons and especially for internet communications throughout the world. English is a language that has become a standard not because it has been approved by any ‘standards’ organization but bec ause it is widely used by many information and technology industries and recognized as being standard. The call centre phenomenon has stimulated a huge expansion of internet-related activity, establishing the future of India as a cyber-technological super-power. Modern communications, videos, journals and newspapers on the internet use English and have made ‘knowing English’ indispensable.（2）Essay Writing. Please write an essay around 500 English words according to the materials given below. (1题，60分)Happiness is what human beings pursue during their lives. But what is the real happiness in this world? Read the following quotations, and write an essay on HAPPINESS, explicating your opinions with examples. Make your essay logical, concise and convincing. You should give a title to your essay.Happiness is not a matter of events; it depends upon the tides of the mind.— Alice MeynellThe happiness that is genuinely satisfying is accompanied by the fullest exercise of our faculties, and the fullest realization of the world in which we live.— Bertrand RussellHappiness does not lie in happiness, but in the achievement of it.—DostoevskyIt is neither wealth nor splendor, but tranquility and occupation, which gives happiness. — Thomas JeffersonA sound mind in a sound body, is a short but full description of a happy state in this world. —John LockeJust as a cautious businessman avoids investing all his capital in one concern, so wisdom would probably admonish us also not to anticipate all our happiness from one quarter alone. — Sigmund FreudPart II Translation(50分)（1）English-Chinese Translation (25分)There were flowers: delphiniums(飞燕草), sweet peas, bunches of lilac;and carnations, masses of carnations. There were roses; there were irises. Ah yes—so she breathed in the earthy garden sweet smell as she stood talking to Miss Pym who owed her help, and thought her kind, for kind she had been years ago; very kind, but she looked older, this year, turning her head from side to side among the irises and roses and nodding tufts of lilac with her eyes half closed, snuffing in, after the street uproar, the delicious scent, the exquisite coolness. And then, opening her eyes, how fresh like frilled linen clean from a laundry laid in wicker trays the roses looked; and dark and prim the red carnations, holding their heads up; and all the sweet peas spreading in their bowls, tinged violet, snow white, pale—as if it were the evening and girls in muslin frocks came out to pick sweet peas and roses after the superb summer’s day, with its almost blue-black sky, its delphiniums, its carnations, its arum lilies(海芋) was over; and it was the moment between six and seven when every flower—roses, carnations, irises, lilac— glows; white, violet, red, deep orange; every flower seems to burn by itself, softly, purely in the misty beds; and how she loved the grey-white moths spinning in and out, over the cherry pie, over the evening primroses!（2）Chinese-English Translation (25分)这批以吴越乡村生活为背景的画，粗看与一般水乡风情画相仿，实则意思迥然相异。
广东财经大学613普通语言学13-15.17-20年真题
广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2013年考试科目代码及名称：613-普通语言学适用专业：050201-英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］一、名词解释（10题，每题3分，共30分）1.macrolinguistics2.blending3.diphthong4.aspect5.reference6.cooperative principle7.Indo-European family8.taboo9.CALL10.corpus linguistics二、判断题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1.（）Halliday’s linguistic potential is similar to the notions of parole and performance.2.（）Descriptive linguists are concerned with how language work,not with how they can be improved.3.（）The word“hour”contains a diphthong and a pure vowel.4.（）The concept“competence”originally refers to the grammatical knowledge of the ideal language user and has nothing to do with the actual use of language in concrete situation.5.（）All words contain a root morpheme.三、简答题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1.What are the major design features of language?2.What are the methods for the addition of new words in the English language?3.Exemplify the relationship between phone,phoneme and allophone.4.Distinguish the two possible meanings of“more beautiful flowers”by means of IC analysis.5.What is the difference between meaning,concept,connotation and denotation?四、论述题（2题，每题20分，共40分）1.How do you understand the saying that language is symbolic?2.In what way can corpus data contribute to lexical studies?广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2014年考试科目代码及名称：613-普通语言学适用专业：050201英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］一、名词解释（10题，每题3分，共30分）1.pragmatics2.diachronic linguistics3.allophones4.morpheme5.cohesion6.cognitive linguistics7.hyponymy8.contrastive analysis9.American nguage Acquisition Device(LAD)二、判断题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1.The Cooperative Principle,an important pragmatic principle proposed by P.Grice, aims to explain how we mean more than we say.2.Phonetics studies the rules governing the structure,distribution,and sequencing of speech sounds and the shape of syllables.3.[m]is a“bilabial lateral”,[j]a“palatal approximant”,and[h]a“glottal fricative”.4.Relevance is a matter of degree.The larger effect produced,the greater the relevance;the smaller effort cost,the greater the relevance.5.Exocentric construction is one whose distribution is functionally equivalent to that of one or more of its constituents,i.e.,a word or a group of words,which serves as a definable centre or head.三、简答题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1.What is the major difference between Saussure’s distinction between langue and parole and Chomsky’s distinction between competence and performance?2.Divide the following words into Roots,IA(inflectional affix)and/or DA (derivational affix).e.g.transformations:trans(DA)-form(Root)–ation(DA) -s(IA)1)unconscious2)earthquakes3)misled4)geese3.Distinguish the two possible meanings of“more complicated examinations”by means of IC analysis.4.Draw a tree diagram according to PS rules to show the deep structure of the sentence: The kid broke a vase yesterday.5.Which of the Conversational Maxims is being violated in the following conversation?A:So you like icecream.What are your favourite flavours?B:Hamburger…fish and chips.四、论述题（2题，每题20分，共40分）1.What are the main differences between pragmatics and semantics?2.Explain the following remark with examples or make some comments:Each language articulates or organises the world nguages do not simply name existing categories;they articulate their own.。
广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷613-英语水平考试
广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2017年 考试科目代码及名称：613-英语水平考试 适用专业：050201 英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］I. Cloze 完形填空（30题，每题1分，共30分）Direction : There are 3 passages below. Read each of them and choose the proper word from the word list to fill in each of the blanks in the passages. Each word can be used only once.Passage 1Two of the most frustrating things about driving a car are getting lost and getting stuck in traffic. While the computer revolution is (1)_____to cure these problems, it will have a positive impact. Sensors in your car tuned to radio signals from (2)____satellites can locate your car (3)_____at any moment and warn of traffic jams. We already have twenty-four Navstar satellites orbiting the earth, making up what is called the Global Positioning System. They make it possible to determine your(4)_______on the earth to within about a hundred feet. At any (5)______time, there are several GPS satellites orbiting overhead at a distance of about 11,000 miles. Each satellite cont ains four “atomic clocks,” which (6)_____ at a precise frequency, according to the laws of the quantum theory.As a satellite passes overhead, it sends out a radio (7)___that can be detected by a receiver in a car’s computer. The car’s computer can then (8)___how far the satellite is by (9)____how long it took for the signal to arrive. Since the speed of light is well known, any delay in receivin g the satellite’s signal can be (10)_____into a distance.Passage 2More than 30 million cars and trucks nationwide are (1) with dangerously(2)____air bags, congressional officials say, a number that raises questions about whether the US (3)____industry can handle what could become the largest recall in history.Federal safety (4)____have recalled only 7.8 million vehicles over the defect in a few states, a limited action that (5)____said Thursday was vastly insufficient to(6)____what they deemed “a public safety threat”.Two senators demanded a much (7)____recall that would cover everyaffectedvehicle nationwide. (8)_____a recall of that magnitude ---- including best-selling models from Honda, Toyota, GM, Chrysler and six other companies (9)____ 2002 to 2007 ---- could prove far (10)_____than the industry has ever managed.Passage 3Britain is not just one country and one people; even if some of its inhabitants think so. Britain is, in fact, a nation which can be divided into several (1) __ parts, each part being an individual country with its own language, character and cultural (2) __. Thus Scotland, Northern Ireland and Wales do not claim to (3) __ to "England" because their inhabitants are not (4) __ "English". They are Scottish, Irish or Welsh and many of them prefer to speak their own native tongue, which in turn is (5) __ to the others.These cultural minorities(少数民族) have been Britain’s original inhabitants. In varying degrees they have managed to (6) __ their national characteristics, and their particular customs and way of life. This is probably even more true of the (7) __ areas where traditional life has not been so affected by the (8)__ of industrialism as the border areas have been. The Celtic races are said to be more emotional by nature than the English. An Irish temper is legendary. The Scots could rather (9) __ about their reputation for excessive thrift and prefer to be remembered for their folk songs and dances, while the Welsh are famous for their singing. The Celtic (10)__ as a whole produces humorous writers and artists, such as the Irish Bernard Shaw, the Scottish Robert Burns, and the Welsh Dylan Thomas, to mention but a few.II. Proofreading and error correction 改错题 (15题，每题2分，共30分)Directions:The following passage contains 15 errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. Correct the errors and write the answers on your answer sheet.What is corporate culture? At its most basic, it’s described like (1) ____the personality of an organization, or simply as “how things aredone around here.” It guides what employees think, act, and feel. (2)_____ Corporate culture is a wide term used to define the unique (3) _____personality or character of a particular company or organization,and include such elements as core values and beliefs, corporate (4) _____ ethics, and rules of behavior. Corporate culture can express (5) _____in the company’s mission statement and other communications,in the architectural style or interior decoration, by what people wearto work, by how people address to each other, and in the titles given (6) _____ various employees. How do you uncover the corporate culture of (7) _____a potential employer? The truth is that you will never really knowthe corporate culture after you have worked at the company for a (8)______ number of months, but you can get close to them through research (9)______and observation. Understanding culture is a two-steps process, (10) _____ starting with the research before the interview and ending (11)______ with observation at the interview. The bottom line is thatyou are going to spend a lot of time on the work environment-(12)______ and to be happy, success, and productive, you will want to (13)______be in a place where you fit for the culture, a place where you (14)______ can have voice, be respected, and have opportunities for (15)______ growth.III. Gap-filling 选词填空题（15题，每题2分，共30分）Directions: Fill in the following blanks with the correct words given according to the meanings of the sentences.1. Environmentalists are doing everything within their power to ________ theimpact of the oil spill.A. minimizeB. belittleC. rejectD. reclaim2. T opics for conversation should be ________ to the experiences and interests of thestudents.A. satisfiedB. relevantC. concernedD. concentrated3. T hey said the operation had been successful and they expected his wife to________.A. bring aboutB. pull throughC. carry onD. put up4. W e could tell that she was still ________ something and it was our job to find outwhat.A. cancelingB. shelteringC. concealingD. settling5. Y ou are legally ________ to take faulty goods back to the store where you boughtthem.A. assignedB. entitledC. acclaimedD. remained6. H is knowledge of English is ________ for the job, although he is not fluent in thelanguage.A. justifiedB. reliableC. adequateD. assured7. T he scientists have been ________ the necessary funds for their research program.A. desiredB. neglectedC. declinedD. denied8. T here is always a ________ that the legal system is designed to suit lawyers ratherthan to protect the public.A. confidenceB. faithC. deceptionD. suspicion9. A spokesman of Ministry of Agriculture said that a series of policies would beimplemented to ________ the development of agriculture.A. demoteB. promoteC. decreaseD. increase10. A dark suit is ________ to a light one for evening wear.A. favorableB. suitableC. properD. preferable11. The foreign company has been ________ running this factory for decades.A. enormouslyB. effectivelyC. infinitelyD. extremely12. I’m not sick; ________, I’m in the peak of health.A. to be honestB. on the contraryC. to my delightD. on all sides13. By a ________ of good luck, Gene, who had been buried in the rubble for morethan 26 hours, came out alive.A. strokeB. hitC. strikeD. blow14. A dvertising is an intensely ________ business.A. competitiveB. aggressiveC. adventurousD. lucrative15. She was _______ upset to find that she failed in the final examination.A. somehowB. somewayC. somewhatD. somewhereIV. Reading Comprehension 阅读理解（30题，每题2分，共60分）Directions: In this section, there six reading passages followed by a total of thirty multiple-choice questions. Read the passages carefully and then choose the correct answer.Passage 1 The Birth of Photography【1】Perceptions of the visible world were greatly altered by the invention of photography in the middle of the nineteenth century. In particular, and quite logically, the art of painting was forever changed, though not always in the ways one might have expected. The realistic and naturalistic painters of the mid- and late-nineteenth century were all intently aware of photography—as a thing to use, to learn from, and react to.【2】Unlike most major inventions, photography had been long and impatiently awaited. The images produced by the camera obscura, a boxlike device that used a pinhole or lens to throw an image onto a ground-glass screen or a piece of white paper, were already familiar—the device had been much employed by topographical artists like the Italian painter Canaletto in his detailed views of the city of Venice. What was lacking was a way of giving such images permanent form. This was finally achieved by Louis Daguerre (1787-1851), who perfected a way of fixing them on a silvered copper plate. His discovery, the "daguerreotype," was announced in 1839.【3】A second and very different process was patented by the British inventor William Henry Talbot (1800-1877) in 1841. Talbot's "calotype" was the first negative-to-positive process and the direct ancestor of the modern photograph. The calotype was revolutionary in its use of chemically treated paper in which areas hit by light became dark in tone, producing a negative image. This "negative," as Talbot called it, could then be used to print multiple positive images on another piece of treated paper.【4】The two processes produced very different results. The daguerreotype was a unique image that reproduced what was in front of the camera lens in minute, unselective detail and could not be duplicated. The calotype could be made in series, and was thus the equivalent of an etching or an engraving. Its general effect was soft edged and tonal.【5】One of the things that most impressed the original audience for photography was the idea of authenticity. Nature now seemed able to speak for itself, with a minimum of interference. The title Talbot chose for his book, The Pencil of Nature (the first part of which was published in 1844), reflected this feeling. Artists were fascinated by photography because it offered a way of examining the world in much greater detail. They were also afraid of it, because it seemed likely to make their own efforts unnecessary.【6】Photography did indeed make certain kinds of painting obsolete—the daguerreotype virtually did away with the portrait miniature. It also made the whole business of making and owning images democratic. Portraiture, once a luxury for the privileged few, was suddenly well within the reach of many more people.【7】In the long term, photography's impact on the visual arts was far from simple. Because the medium was so prolific, in the sense that it was possible to produce a multitude of images very cheaply, it was soon treated as the poor relation of fine art, rather than its destined successor. Even those artists who were most dependent on photography became reluctant to admit that they made use of it, in case thiscompromised their professional standing.【8】The rapid technical development of photography—the introduction of lighter and simpler equipment, and of new emulsions that coated photographic plates, film, and paper and enabled images to be made at much faster speeds—had some unanticipated consequences. Scientific experiments made by photographers such as Eadweard Muybridge (1830-1904) and Etienne-Jules Marey (1830-1904) demonstrated that the movements of both humans and animals differed widely from the way they had been traditionally represented in art. Artists, often reluctantly, were forced to accept the evidence provided by the camera. The new candid photography—unposed pictures that were made when the subjects were unaware that their pictures were being taken—confirmed these scientific results, and at the same time, thanks to the radical cropping (trimming) of images that the camera often imposed, suggested new compositional formats. The accidental effects obtained by candid photographers were soon being copied by artists such as the French painter Degas.1.What can be inferred from paragraphs 1 and 2 about the effect of photography on nineteenth-century painting?A. Photography did not significantly change the way people looked at reality.B. Most painters used the images of the camera obscura in preference to those of the daguerreotype.C. Painters who were concerned with realistic or naturalistic representation were particularly influenced by photography.D. Artists used the long-awaited invention of photography in just the ways they had expected to.2. According to paragraphs 2 and 3 which of the following did the daguerreotype and the calotype have in common?A. They were equally useful for artists.B. They could be reproduced.C. They produced a permanent imageD. They were produced on treated paper.3. The word "authenticity" in paragraph 5 is closest in meaning toA. improvement.B. practicality.C. genuineness.D. repetition.4.What point does the author make in paragraph 6?A. Paintings became less expensive because of competition with photography.B. Photography, unlike painting, was a type of portraiture that even ordinary people could afford.C. Every style of painting was influenced by the invention of photography.D. The daguerreotype was more popular than the calotype.5.It can be inferred from paragraph 8 that one effect that photography had on painting was that itA.provided painters with new insights into how humans and animals actually move.B.showed that representing movement could be as interesting as portrait art.C.increased the appeal of painted portraiture among the wealthy.D.influenced artists to improve techniques for painting faster.Passage 2 Early Settlements in the Southwest Asia【1】The universal global warming at the end of the Ice Age had dramatic effects on temperate regions of Asia, Europe, and North America. Ice sheets retreated and sea levels rose. The climatic changes in southwestern Asia were more subtle, in that they involved shifts in mountain snow lines, rainfall patterns, and vegetation cover. However, these same cycles of change had momentous impacts on the sparse human populations of the region. At the end of the Ice Age, no more than a few thousand foragers lived along the eastern Mediterranean coast, in the Jordan and Euphrates valleys. Within 2,000 years, the human population of the region numbered in the tens of thousands, all as a result of village life and farming. Thanks to new environmental and archaeological discoveries, we now know something about this remarkable change in local life.【2】Pollen samples from freshwater lakes in Syria and elsewhere tell us forest cover expanded rapidly at the end of the Ice Age, for the southwestern Asian climate was still cooler and considerably wetter than today. Many areas were richer in animal and plant species than they are now, making them highly favorable for human occupation. About 9000 B.C., most human settlements lay in the area along the Mediterranean coast and in the Zagros Mountains of Iran and their foothills. Some local areas, like the Jordan River valley, the middle Euphrates valley, and some Zagros valleys, were more densely populated than elsewhere. Here more sedentary and more complex societies flourished. These people exploited the landscape intensively, foraging on hill slopes for wild cereal grasses and nuts, while hunting gazelle and other game on grassy lowlands and in river valleys. Their settlements contain exotic objects such as seashells, stone bowls, and artifacts made of obsidian (volcanic glass), all traded from afar. This considerable volume of intercommunity exchange brought a degree of social complexity in its wake.【3】Thanks to extremely fine-grained excavation and extensive use of flotation methods (through which seeds are recovered from soil samples), we know a great deal about the foraging practices of the inhabitants of Abu Hureyra in Syria's Euphrates valley. Abu Hureyra was founded about 9500B.C, a small village settlement of cramped pit dwellings (houses dug partially in the soil) with reed roofs supported by wooden uprights. For the next 1,500 years, its inhabitants enjoyed a somewhat warmer and damper climate than today, living in a well-wooded steppe area where wild cereal grasses were abundant. They subsisted off spring migrations of Persian gazelles from the south. With such a favorable location, about 300 to 400 people lived in a sizable, permanent settlement. They were no longer a series of small bands but lived in a large community with more elaborate social organization, probably grouped into clans of people of common descent.【4】The flotation samples from the excavations allowed botanists to study shifts in plant-collecting habits as if they were looking through a telescope at a changing landscape. Hundreds of tiny plant remains show how the inhabitants exploited nutharvests in nearby pistachio and oak forests. However, as the climate dried up, the forests retreated from the vicinity of the settlement. The inhabitants turned to wild cereal grasses instead, collecting them by the thousands, while the percentage of nuts in the diet fell. By 8200B.C., drought conditions were so severe that the people abandoned their long-established settlement, perhaps dispersing into smaller camps. 【5】Five centuries later, about 7700B.C., a new village rose on the mound. At first the inhabitants still hunted gazelle intensively. Then, about 7000 B.C., within the space of a few generations, they switched abruptly to herding domesticated goats and sheep and to growing einkorn, pulses, and other cereal grasses. Abu Hureyra grew rapidly until it covered nearly 30 acres. It was a close-knit community of rectangular, one-story mud-brick houses, joined by narrow lanes and courtyards, finally abandoned about 5000 B.C.. Many complex factors led to the adoption of the new economies, not only at Abu Hureyra, but at many other locations such as 'Ain Ghazal, also in Syria, where goat toe bones showing the telltale marks of abrasion caused by foot tethering (binding) testify to early herding of domestic stock.6. The word "momentous" in the passage (paragraph 1) is closest in meaning toA. numerous.B. regular.C. very important.D. very positive.7. Major climatic changes occurred by the end of the Ice Age in all of the following geographic areas EXCEPTA. temperate regions of Asia.B. southwestern Asia.C. North America.D. Europe.8. Why does the author mention "seashells, stone bowls, and artifacts made of obsidian" in paragraph 2?A. To give examples of objects obtained through trade with other societies.B. To illustrate the kinds of objects that are preserved in a cool climate.C. To provide evidence that the organization of work was specialized.D. To give examples of the artistic ability of local populations.9. Paragraph 4 suggests that the people of Abu Hureyra abandoned their long-established settlement becauseA. the inhabitants had cleared all the trees from the forests.B. wild cereal grasses took over pistachio and oak forests.C. people wanted to explore new areas.D. lack of rain caused food shortages.10. According to paragraph 5, after 7000 B.C. the settlement of Abu Hureyra differed from earlier settlements at that location in all of the following EXCEPTA. the domestication of animals.B. the intensive hunting of gazelle.C. the size of the settlement.D. the design of the dwellings.Passage 3 Children and Advertising【1】Young children are trusting of commercial advertisements in the media, and advertisers have sometimes been accused of taking advantage of this trusting outlook. The Independent Television Commission, regulator of television advertising in the United Kingdom, has criticized advertisers for "misleadingness"—creating a wrong impression either intentionally or unintentionally—in an effort to control advertisers' use of techniques that make it difficult for children to judge the true size, action, performance, or construction of a toy.【2】General concern about misleading tactics that advertisers employ is centered on the use of exaggeration. Consumer protection groups and parents believe that children are largely ill-equipped to recognize such techniques and that often exaggeration is used at the expense of product information. Claims such as "the best" or "better than" can be subjective and misleading; even adults may be unsure as to their meaning. They represent the advertiser's opinions about the qualities of their products or brand and, as a consequence, are difficult to verify. Advertisers sometimes offset or counterbalance an exaggerated claim with a disclaimer—a qualification or condition on the claim. For example, the claim that breakfast cereal has a health benefit may be accompanied by the disclaimer "when part of a nutritionally balanced breakfast." However, research has shown that children often have difficulty understanding disclaimers: children may interpret the phrase "when part of a nutritionally balanced breakfast" to mean that the cereal is required as a necessary part of a balanced breakfast. The author George Comstock suggested that less than a quarter of children between the ages of six and eight years old understood standard disclaimers used in many toy advertisements and that disclaimers are more readily comprehended when presented in both audio and visual formats. Nevertheless, disclaimers are mainly presented in audio format only.【3】Fantasy is one of the more common techniques in advertising that could possibly mislead a young audience. Child-oriented advertisements are more likely to include magic and fantasy than advertisements aimed at adults. In a content analysis of Canadian television, the author Stephen Kline observed that nearly all commercials for character toys featured fantasy play. Children have strong imaginations and the use of fantasy brings their ideas to life, but children may not be adept enough to realize that what they are viewing is unreal. Fantasy situations and settings are frequently used to attract children's attention, particularly in food advertising. Advertisements for breakfast cereals have, for many years, been found to be especially fond of fantasy techniques, with almost nine out of ten including such content. Generally, there is uncertainty as to whether very young children can distinguish between fantasy and reality in advertising. Certainly, rational appeals in advertising aimed at children are limited, as most advertisements use emotional and indirect appeals to psychological states or associations.【4】The use of celebrities such as singers and movie stars is common in advertising. The intention is for the positively perceived attributes of the celebrity to be transferred to the advertised product and for the two to become automatically linked in the audience's mind. In children's advertising, the "celebrities" are often animated figuresfrom popular cartoons. In the recent past, the role of celebrities in advertising to children has often been conflated with the concept of host selling. Host selling involves blending advertisements with regular programming in a way that makes it difficult to distinguish one from the other. Host selling occurs, for example, when a children's show about a cartoon lion contains an ad in which the same lion promotes a breakfast cereal. The psychologist Dale Kunkel showed that the practice of host selling reduced children's ability to distinguish between advertising and program material. It was also found that older children responded more positively to products in host selling advertisements.【5】Regarding the appearance of celebrities in advertisements that do not involve host selling, the evidence is mixed. Researcher Charles Atkin found that children believe that the characters used to advertise breakfast cereals are knowledgeable about cereals, and children accept such characters as credible sources of nutritional information. This finding was even more marked for heavy viewers of television. In addition, children feel validated in their choice of a product when a celebrity endorses that product. A study of children in Hong Kong, however, found that the presence of celebrities in advertisements could negatively affect the children's perceptions of a product if the children did not like the celebrity in question.11. Which of the following is NOT mentioned in paragraph 1 as being a difficult judgment for children to make about advertised toys?A. How big the toys are?B. How much the toys cost?C. What the toys can do?D. How the toys are made?12. The word “verify” in the passage is closest in meaning toA. establish the truth of.B. approve of.C. understand.D. criticize.13. Cereal advertisements that include the statement “when part of a nutritionally balanced breakfast” are trying to suggest thatA. the cereal is a desirable part of a healthful, balanced breakfast.B. the cereal contains equal amounts of all nutrients.C. cereal is a healthier breakfast than other foods are.D. the cereal is the most nutritious part of the breakfast meal.14. The word “adept”(Paragraph 3)in the passage is cl osest in meaning toA. responsible.B. skillful.C. patient.D. curious.15. In paragraph 4, why does the author mention a show about a cartoon lion in which an advertisement appears featuring the same lion character?A. To help explain what is meant by th e term "host selling” and why it can be misleading to children.B. To explain why the role of celebrities in advertising aimed at children has often been confused with host selling.C. To compare the effectiveness of using animated figures with the effectiveness of using celebrities in advertisements aimed at children.D. To indicate how Kunkel first became interested in studying the effects of host selling on children.Passage 4 Methods of Studying Infant Perception In the study of perceptual abilities of infants, a number of techniques are used to determine infants' responses to various stimuli. Because they cannot verbalize or fill out questionnaires, indirect techniques of naturalistic observation are used as the primary means of determining what infants can see, hear, feel, and so forth. Each of these methods compares an infant's state prior to the introduction of a stimulus with its state during or immediately following the stimulus. The difference between the two measures provides the researcher with an indication of the level and duration of the response to the stimulus. For example, if a uniformly moving pattern of some sort is passed across the visual field of a neonate (newborn), repetitive following movements of the eye occur. The occurrence of these eye movements provides evidence that the moving pattern is perceived at some level by the newborn. Similarly, changes in the infant's general level of motor activity —turning the head, blinking the eyes, crying, and so forth — have been used by researchers as visual indicators of the infant's perceptual abilities.Such techniques, however, have limitations. First, the observation may be unreliable in that two or more observers may not agree that the particular response occurred, or to what degree it occurred. Second, responses are difficult to quantify. Often the rapid and diffuse movements of the infant make it difficult to get an accurate record of the number of responses. The third, and most potent, limitation is that it is not possible to be certain that the infant's response was due to the stimulus presented or to a change from no stimulus to a stimulus. The infant may be responding to aspects of the stimulus different than those identified by the investigator. Therefore, when observational assessment is used as a technique for studying infant perceptual abilities, care must be taken not to over-generalize from the data or to rely on one or two studies as conclusive evidence of a particular perceptual ability of the infant.Observational assessment techniques have become much more sophisticated, reducing the limitations just presented. Film analysis of the infant's responses, heart and respiration rate monitors, and nonnutritive sucking devices are used as effective tools in understanding infant perception. Film analysis permits researchers to carefully study the infant's responses over and over and in slow motion. Precise measurements can be made of the length and frequency of the infant's attention between two stimuli. Heart and respiration monitors provide the investigator with the number of heartbeats or breaths taken when a new stimulus is presented. Numerical。
2015年广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷804-英美文学
广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2015年考试科目代码及名称：804-英美文学适用专业：050201 英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］I.Explain the following literary terms. Write your answers on the answer sheet.(25 points, 5 points for each.)1.Enlightenment2.Metaphysical poetry3.The theatre of the absurd4.Transcendentalism5.Dramatic monologueII.For each statement there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that best completes the statement. (20 points, 1 point for each)1._____ can be justly termed England’s natio nal epic, and its most striking featureis the use of ____.A.Cynewulf, alliterationB.Beowulf, alliterationD.Robin Hood, rhymeC.Sir Gawain and the Green Knight,rhyme2. The 18th century sees the birth of the greatest satirist in English literature: .His masterpiece , comprises the extraordinary adventures of an Englishman, descriptions of fantastic lands visited by him, and their social systems and is always regarded as a bitter sarcasm and deadly irony of the contemporary England.A. Samuel Johnson, Gulliver’s TravelsB. Alexander Pope, The Rape of theLockC. Daniel Defoe, Robinson CrusoeD. Jonathan Swift, Gulliver’s Travels3. Which of the following works is NOT considered as William Shakespeare’s fourgreat tragedies?A. King LearB. Romeo and JulietC. MacbethD. Othello4. , Byron’s greatest work, was written in the prime of his creative powerand still remained unfinished when the poet’s life was ended by a romantic and generous death.A. Don JuanB. GiaourC.Childe Harold’s Pilgr imageD. Manfred5. The publication of in 1798—the joint work of William Wordsworth and________—marked the break with the conventional poetical tradition of the 18th century, i.e. with classicism.A. Lyrical Ballads, Robert SoutheyB.The Prelude, Samuel TaylorColeridgeC.Lyrical Ballads, Samuel Taylor ColeridgeD. Biographia Literaria, Samuel Taylor Coleridge6. William Makepeace Thackeray’s masterpiece is , and the title of the novel is taken from Bunyan’s greatest work .A. Vanity Fair, Paradise RegainedB. Vanity Fair, Pilgrim’s ProgressC. Vanity Fair, Samson AgonistesD. The Book of Snobs, Pilgrim’sProgress7. established himself both as a writer and as a spokesman for the school of “Art for Art’s Sake.”A. Thomas GrayB. Charles LambC. Oscar WildeD. Walter Scott8. __________, written by P. B. Shelley’s wife, Mary Shelley, is regarded the best of its kind, ______, in the 19th century England.A. Prometheus Unbound, Gothic novelB. Frankenstein, Realistic novelC. Adonis, Romantic novelD. Frankenstein, Gothic novel9. “April is the cruellest month, breeding / Lilacs out of the dead land, mixing / Memory and desire, stirring / Dull roots with spring rain.” These lines are taken from T. S. Eliot’s modern classic poem_______, which remind us the opening lines of the “General Prologue” in The Canterbury Tales by the greatest literary figure_______ in 14th century England.A. Four Quartets, Geoffrey ChaucerB. The Waste Land, Geoffrey ChaucerC. Hollow Man, Edmund SpencerD. The Waste Land, John Milton10. Joseph Conrad’s _________ is central to the evolution of what is called postcolonial fiction, and says something that only said in a novel: A historian looking at European colonialism will arrive at historical judgments.A. Heart of DarknessB. NostromoC. Lord JimD. Typhoon11._________, with his famous poem, “Annabel Lee”, justified his poetic idea that the death of a beautiful woman, is “unquestionably, the most poetical topic in the world”.A. W.B. Yeats B. Edgar Allan PoeC. Ezra PoundD. W. H. Auden12. Around 1920, the American literary world rediscovered an almost forgotten book and suddenly became aware of a major American writer. The book was _______, a tremendous chronicle of a whaling voyage in pursuit of a seemingly supernatural white whale.A. Moby-DickB. OmooC. The Last of the MohicansD. Billy Budd13. With Warner, Mark Twain collaborated on __________, a satire that gave itsname to the era of corrupt materialism that followed the American Civil War.A. The Golden AgeB. The Silver AgeC. The Gilded AgeD. The Bronze Age14.________, Stephen crane’s finest literary achievement, depicts a picture ofAmerican Civil War in a naturalistic way.A. War Is KindB. The Black RidersC. The Red Badge of CourageD. The Age of Innocence15. Hemingway’s novel The Sun Also Rises, brilliantly captures his years in Paris asone of ______, a name given by the writer Gertrude Stein.A. The Beat GenerationB. The Lost GenerationC. The Angry Young MenD. The Younger Generation16. By the end of his life he had become a national bard; when he was eighty-sevenhe read his poetry at the inauguration of President John F. Kennedy. The poet is ___________.A. Ezra PoundB. T. S. EliotC. E. E. CummingsD. Robert Frost17. As a poet and as a painter, _________uses the small letters, the unconventionalsyntax, and the unusual spacing of words, to express individuality and participate in what he called “The New Art”.A. Ezra PoundB. E. E. CummingsC. William Carlos WilliamsD. Wallace Stevens18._______, an epic depiction of one dispossessed Oklahoma family’s migration toCalifornia in search a new life, written by ___________, is among the most widely read novel of 20th century.B. Of Mice and Men, John SteinbeckA. The Grape of Wrath, JohnSteinbeckC. In Our Time, Ernest HemingwayD. Light in August, William Faulkner19. Which of the following writers is NOT a Nobel Prize Winner?A. Ezra PoundB. Ernest HemingwayC. William FaulknerD. Saul Bellow20. Early in 1920s the most prominent of the new American playwrights, _______,established an international reputation with such plays as The Emperor Jones, Anna Christie and The Hairy Ape.A. Arthur MillerB. Tennessee WilliamsC. Walt WhitmanD. Eugene O’NeillIII.Matching. Find the relevant match from column B for each item in column A and put the letters on the answer sheet. (20 points, 1 point for each.)Section AColumn A Column B1.Francis Bacon A.For Whom the Bell Tolls2.John Milton B.The Legend of Sleepy Hollow3.Herman Melville C.Seize the Day4.W. B. Yeats D.A Streetcar Named Desire5.Washington Irving E.Paradise Lost6.Henry Fielding F.Sailing to Byzantium7. E. M. Forster G.Moby Dick8.Ernest Hemingway H.Advancement of Learning9.Saul Bellow I.Tom Jones10.Tennessee Williams J.Howards EndSection BColumn A Column B1.The Tempest A.Lord Henry2.Sister Carrie B.Catherine Linton3.Great Expectation C.Leopold Bloom4.Sons and Lovers D.Nick Carraway5.Native Son dy Teazle6.Wuthering Heights F.Prospero7.The Great Gatsby G.Bigger Thomas8.Ulysses H.G. W. Hurstwood9.The School for Scandal I.Mrs. Morel10.The Picture of Dorian Gray J.PipIV. Read the following pieces of selected works and answer the question followed by the passage. Write your answers on the answer sheet. (40 points, 8 points for each.)1.It is a melancholy object to those, who walk through this great town, or travel in the country, when they see the streets, the roads and cabbin-doors crowded with beggars of the female sex, followed by three, four, or six children, all in rags, and importuning every passenger for an alms. These mothers instead of being able to work for their honest livelihood, are forced to employ all their time in strolling to beg sustenance for their helpless infants who, as they grow up, either turn thieves for want of work, or leave their dear native country, to fight for the Pretender in Spain, or sell themselves to the Barbadoes.Q: This text is from Jonathan Swift’ s “A Modest Proposal”. What is Swift’s attitude toward the beggars he describes?2.My heart leaps up when I beholdA rainbow in the sky:So was it when my life began,So is it now I am a man,So be it when I shall grow oldOr let me die!The child is father of the man:And I could wish my days to beBound each to each by natural piety.Q：This is a short poem written by William Wordsworth. Please explain the underlined lines.3.I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I did not wish to live what was not life, living is so dear; nor did I wish to practice resignation, unless it was quite necessary. I wanted to live deep and suck out all the marrow of life, to live so sturdily and Spartan-like as to put to rout all that was not life, to cut a broad swath and shave close, to drive life into a corner, and reduce it to its lowest terms, and, if it proved to be mean, why then to get the whole and genuine meanness of it, and publish its meanness to the world; or if it were sublime, to know it by experience, and be able to give a true account of it in my next excursion. For most men, it appears to me, are in a strange uncertainty about it, whether it is of the devil or of God, and have somewhat hastily concluded that it is the chief end of man here to “glorify God and enjoy him forever.”Q：This text is selected from Henry David Thoreau’s Walden, under the title “Where I Lived, and What I Lived For.” Please explain the underlined sentence.4.“Shall I?” I said briefly; and I looked at his features, beautiful in their harmony, but strangely formidable in their still severity; at his brow, commanding, but not open; at his eyes, bright and deep and searching, but never soft; at his tall imposing figure; and fancied myself in idea his wife. Oh! it would never do! As his curate, his comrade, all would be right: I would cross oceans with him in that capacity; toil under Eastern suns, in Asian deserts with him in that office; admire and emulate his courage and devotion and vigour: accommodate quietly to his masterhood; smile undisturbed at his ineradicable ambition. . . . I should suffer often, no doubt, attached to him only in this capacity: my body would be under a rather stringent yoke, but my heart and mind would be free. I should still have my unblighted self to turn to: my natural unenslaved feelings with which to communicate in moments of loneliness. There would be recesses in my mind which would be only mine, to which he never came; and sentiments growing there, fresh and sheltered, which his austerity could never blight, nor his measured warrior-march trample down: but as his wife—at his side always, and always restrained, and always checked—forced to keep the fire of my nature continually low, to compel it to burn inwardly and never utter a cry, though the imprisoned flame consumed vital after vital—this would be unendurable.Q：This passage is from Jane Eyre. It occurs in Chapter 34. St. John Rivers has just asked Jane to join him as his wife on his missionary trip to India. Please evaluate Jane’s interior conflict involved in making her decision.5.When Miss Emily Grieison died, our whole town went to her funeral: the men through a sort of respectful affection for a fallen monument, the women mostly out of curiosity to see the inside of her house, which no one save an old manservant--- combined gardener and cook---had seen in at least ten years.…Alive, Miss Emily had been a tradition, a duty, and a care; a sort of hereditary obligation upon the town, dating from the day in 1894 when Colonel Sartoris, the mayor—he who lathered the edict that no Negro woman should appear on the streets without an apron—remitted her taxes, die dispensation dating from the death of her father on into perpetuity.Q：This text is from William Faulkner’s short story “A Rose for Emily”. Please explain the underlined part.V. Answer the following questions, and elaborate your opinion with examples. Write your answers on the answer sheet. (45 points, 15 points for each.)1. What are the features of Realism of Victorian novels? Elaborate them with thenovels of Victorian writers.2. State the literary achievements of T. S. Eliot, and elaborate them with his works.3. Please make a comparison between “The Angry Young Man” and “The BeatGeneration”.。
广东财经大学普通语言学考研真题试题2009——2015年
广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2009年 考试科目代码及名称：603-普通语言学适用专业：050201-英语语言文学一、名词解释（10题，每题3分，共30分）1. category2. semantic components3. schemata4. linguistic universality5. duality6. metalingual function7. minmal pair8. inflection9. cooperative principle10. validity二、判断题（5题，每题8分，共40分）Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully and decide whether it is true or false. Write T for true and F for false in the bracket.1.( )The Chinese expressions “吃饭了吗？” “家里都好吗？” “这是去哪啊？” etc. are examples of displacement.2. ( )Gradable antonymy is the sense relation between two antonyms which differ in terms of degree while complementary antonymy is the sense relation between two antonyms which are complementary to each other.3. ( )In the example: “He couldn’t open the door. It was locked tight”, the relation between “the door” and “It” is that of substitution.4. ( )A phoneme in one language or one dialect may be an allophone in another language or dialect.5. ( )A speaker flouts the Maxim of Quantity when his contributions to the conversation are not truthful.三、简答题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1. 1. Find the sources of the following blends. (1 point for each)1) smash 2) workaholic 3) modem 4) medicare5) motel 6) brunch 7) spam 8) chunnel2. Indicate the category of each word in the following sentences. (2 points for each)1) The instructor told the students to study.2) The Jet landed on the ground.3) That glass suddenly broke.4) The travelers are waiting for the train.3. What are the presuppositions that the following sentences may contain?(2 points for each)1) She regretted not accepting the gift from Tony.2) The pregnant teacher went on holiday.3) Where did he buy the beer?4) She wants more popcorn.4. The following conversational fragment is to some degree odd. To what extent can the oddness be explained by reference to Grice’s CP and maxims?A: Have you seen Peter today?B: Well, if I didn’t denying seeing him I wouldn’t be telling a lie.5. Give an example to illustrate the recursive nature of language that provides a theoretical basis for the creativity of language.四、论述题（2题，每题20分，共40分）1. What are special features of Systemic-functional linguistics and TG Grammar? Comment them briefly.2. Why do modern linguists put the priority of synchronic study over the diachronic study in linguistics?广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷(A)考试年度：2010年 考试科目代码及名称：603-普通语言学适用专业：050201-英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］一、名词解释（10题，每题3分，共30分）1. The theory of metafunctions of language2. Distinctive feature3. Open-class word4. Syntagmatic / horizontal / chain relation5. Selection restrictions6. Cohort theory7. Linguistic relativism8. Contextual meaning9. Indirect thought10. External evaluation二、判断题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1.( )Chomsky distinguished the linguistic competence ofthe speaker and the actual phenomena or data of linguistics (utterances) as language and parole.2.( )Formalism sees as a central task for linguists characterizing the formal relationships among grammaticalelements independently of any characterization of thesemantic and pragmatic properties. In contrast,functionalism rejects that task on the grounds that the function of conveying meaning in its broad sense has so affected grammatical form that it is senseless to communicate to compartmentalize it.3. ( )Structurally, a word is the smallest unit because many words cannot be separated into even smaller meaningful units.4. ( )Theme and rheme belong to functional analysis of the sentence and subject and predicate belong to formal analysis of the sentence. Mathesius believes that they are not the same and should be strictly distinguished from each other.5. ( )According to Leech, conceptual meaning makes up the central part of meaning. It is connotative in that it is concerned with the relationship between a word and the thing it refers to. In this sense, conceptual meaning overlaps to a large extent with the notion of reference.三、简答题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1. What is the distinction between the endocentric compound and the exocentric compound?2. What is the difference between descriptive and prescriptive study?3. What is the functional sentence perspective?4. What is componential analysis?5. What are the Q-principle and the R-principle developed by L. Horn?四、论述题（2题，每题20分，共40分）1.What are the Q-, I-, and M-principles proposed by S. Levinson?2.What is the difference between traditional grammar and modern linguistics, transformational-generative grammar and systemic-functional linguistics?广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷(A)考试年度：2011年 考试科目代码及名称：603-普通语言学适用专业：050201-英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］一、名词解释（10题，每题3分，共30分）1. interlanguage2. blending3. assimilation4. concord5. connotation6. frequency effect7. validity8. the textual function9. direct thought10. proficient test二、判断题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1.( ) Systematic grammar is based on the assumption thatgrammatical categories should be defined not in terms ofmeaning but in terms of distribution, and that thestructure of each language should be described withoutreference to the alleged universality of such categories astense, mood and parts of speech.2.( ) Chomsky once thought that sentences like the activeand the passive, the declarative and the interrogative, antthe positive and the passive, are each derive from the samedeep structure. The difference between them simply comesfrom the operation of relevant transformations.3. ( ) Morphology studies the internal structure of words,and the rules by which words are formed.4. ( ) The conception of language input as a way topromote language acquisition is to some extent in line withthe so called constructivism a constructivist view oflanguage argues that language is socially constructed.5. ( )Immediate constituent analysis is a kind ofgrammatical analysis which divides a sentence to parts and then cut these parts into two and continue with this segmentation until we reach the smallest grammatical unit, the morphemes.三、简答题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1. What is the distinction between MT and human translation?2. What is the theory of communicative competence?3. What is the interpersonal function and how is it realized?4. What is the major features of schemata?5. Please choose the most appropriate maxim you believe to analyze the following dialogue briefly:A: Let’s get the kids something.B: Okey, but I veto I-C-E-C-R-E-A-M-S.四、论述题（2题，每题20分，共40分）1. What contribution did Saussure make to modern linguistics?2. What are the ‘linguistic relativity’and ‘linguistic determinism’? And what insight have the two assumptions brought to us?广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2012年 考试科目代码及名称：613-普通语言学适用专业：050201 英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］一、名词解释（10题，每题3分，共30分）1. arbitrariness2. syntax3. competence4. prescriptive5. semantic component6. acronym7. cohesion8. denotation9. phoneme 10. derivation二、判断题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1. ( ) Morpheme is the smallest unit of language in terms of the relationship between expression and content, a unit that cannot be divided into further smaller units without destroying or drastically altering the meaning.2. ( ) In speech act, the sense in which to say something can mean to do something concerns the consequential effects of a locution upon the hearer, which can be called a illocutionary act.3. ( ) Phonology is the study of the sound patterns and sound systems of languages. It aims to discover the principles that govern the way sounds are organized in languages, and to explain the variations that occur.4. ( ) Generative semantics was developed as a creation to Chomsky’s syntactic-based TG Grammar. This theory considers that all sentences are generated from a semantic structure. Linguists working within this theory hold that there is essential distinction between syntactic processes and semantic processes.5. ( ) Corpus is a collection of linguistic data, either compiled as written texts or as a transcription of recorded speech.三、简答题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1. What is Sapir-Whorf Hypothesis?2. What is contrastive analysis?3. What is the INPUT Hypothesis?4. Please choose the most appropriate maxim you believe to analyze the following dialogue briefly:A: Where is Liming?B: He’s gone to the library. He said so when he left.5. What is the definition of cognitive linguistics?四、论述题（2题，每题20分，共40分）1. What is the tradition and special features of systemic- functional linguistics?2. What are the special features of American Struralism?广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2013年 考试科目代码及名称：613-普通语言学适用专业：050201-英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］一、名词解释（10题，每题3分，共30分）1. macrolinguistics2. blending3. diphthong4. aspect5. reference6. cooperative principle7. Indo-European family8. taboo9. CALL 10. corpus linguistics二、判断题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1. （）Halliday’s linguistic potential is similar to the notions of parole and performance.2. （）Descriptive linguists are concerned with how language work, not with how they can be improved.3. （）The word “hour” contains a diphthong and a pure vowel.4. （）The concept “competence” originally refers to the grammatical knowledge of the ideal language user and has nothing to do with the actual use of language in concrete situation.5. （）All words contain a root morpheme.三、简答题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1. What are the major design features of language?2. What are the methods for the addition of new words in the English language?3. Exemplify the relationship between phone, phoneme and allophone.4. Distinguish the two possible meanings of “more beautiful flowers” by means of IC analysis.5. What is the difference between meaning, concept, connotation and denotation?四、论述题（2题，每题20分，共40分）1. How do you understand the saying that language is symbolic?2. In what way can corpus data contribute to lexical studies?广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2014年 考试科目代码及名称：613-普通语言学适用专业：050201 英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］一、名词解释（10题，每题3分，共30分）1. pragmatics2. diachronic linguistics3. allophones4. morpheme5. cohesion6. cognitive linguistics7. hyponymy 8. contrastive analysis9. American structuralism 10. Language Acquisition Device (LAD)二、判断题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1. The Cooperative Principle, an important pragmatic principle proposed by P. Grice, aims to explain how we mean more than we say.2. Phonetics studies the rules governing the structure, distribution, and sequencing of speech sounds and the shape of syllables.3. [m] is a “bilabial lateral”, [j] a “palatal approximant”, and [h] a “glottal fricative”.4. Relevance is a matter of degree. The larger effect produced, the greater the relevance; the smaller effort cost, the greater the relevance.5. Exocentric construction is one whose distribution is functionally equivalent to that of one or more of its constituents, i.e., a word or a group of words, which serves as a definable centre or head.三、简答题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1. What is the major difference between Saussure’s distinction between langue and parole and Chomsky’s distinction between competence and performance?2. Divide the following words into Roots, IA (inflectional affix) and/or DA (derivational affix). e.g. transformations: trans (DA)- form (Root) –ation (DA) -s (IA)1) unconscious 2) earthquakes 3) misled 4) geese3. Distinguish the two possible meanings of “more complicated examinations” by means of IC analysis.4. Draw a tree diagram according to PS rules to show the deep structure of the sentence: The kid broke a vase yesterday.5. Which of the Conversational Maxims is being violated in the following conversation?A: So you like icecream. What are your favourite flavours?B: Hamburger … fish and chips.四、论述题（2题，每题20分，共40分）1. What are the main differences between pragmatics and semantics?2. Explain the following remark with examples or make some comments:Each language articulates or organises the world differently. Languages do not simply name existing categories; they articulate their own.欢迎报考广东财经大学硕士研究生，祝你考试成功！（第 1 页共 1 页）广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2015年 考试科目代码及名称：613-普通语言学适用专业：050201 英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］一、名词解释（10题，每题3分，共30分）Duality Stress Morpheme Acronym CoordinationSynonymy Categorization Register Blending Phrase二、判断题（5题，每题8分，共40分）( T or F)1. Endocentric construction is one whose distribution is functionally equivalent to that of one or more of its constituents, which serves as a definable centre or head.2. Functional Grammar aims to explain the internal relations in language as a system network, or meaning potential. This network consists of subsystems from which language users make choices.3. Compound word refers to those words that consist of more than one lexical morpheme, or the way to join two separate words to produce a single new word, such as breakthrough, nonsmoker, self-control, dutyfree, booklet.4. From some book titles of linguistics such as (1) English Explained: Two Centuries of Comment on the Mother-Tongue, (2) Protean Shape: A Study in Eighteen-century Vocabulary and Usage, (3) Prejorative(Disapproval) Sense Development in English, we can judge their research methods: synchronic orientation is book (2) and book (3), and diachronic orientation book (1).5. A: Can you tell me where Mr. Smith’s office is? B: Yes, not here. In the above discourse, Speaker B is violated the Quantity Maxim of being as informative as is required.三、简答题（5题，每题8分，共40分）1. What is the cooperative principle proposed by H. Paul Grice?2. What are the features and merits of machine translation?3. What is communicative competence?4. What is Sapir-Whorf hypotheses?5. What does “cognition” mean?四、论述题（2题，每题20分，共40分）1. What is the essence of sociolinguistics? And what implication can we get from this discipline?2. What does Noam Chomsky mean by Language Acquisition Decice (LAD)? And What’s your comments on LAD?1。
广东财经大学 807-英美文学试题 2013年硕士研究生考研真题
广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2013年考试科目代码及名称：807-英美文学试卷编号：A卷适用专业：050201-英语语言文学I. Choose five of the following seven terms to define. (25 points in all,5 points for each)1. Comedy2. Stream of consciousness3. Classicism4. Foot (of poetry)5. Realism6.American Transcendentalism7. UnitarianismII. Fill in the blanks according to the related literary facts. (20 points in all, 1 point for each)1. It is likely that in Eliot’s abundant use of literary reference in The Waste of Land he was influenced by.2. In vivid and graceful prose, Fitzgerald had portrayed the of the American worship of riches and the unending American dream of love, splendor, and fulfilled desires.3. applies the principles of scientific determinism to fiction. It views human beings as animals in the natural world responding to environmental forces and internal stresses and drives, over none of which they have control and none of which they fully understand.4. Henry James’ keen observation of human beings and deep understanding of them have made him one of the founding fathers of the fiction.5. It was his masterpiece The Great Gatsby that made ______ one of the greatest American novelists.6. Realism first appeared in the United States in the literature of , and an amalgam if romantic plots and realistic descriptions of things were immediately observable.7. The eighteenth-century England is also, and better, known as the _________ or the Age of Reason.8. is a basic feature governing the structure of poetry, whether in the planned succession of long and short syllables, as in Greek and Latin poetry, or in the use of accent and meter, as in modern poetry.9. “If Winter comes, can Spring be far behind?” the quoted line comes from Shelley’s “________”.10. Philip Freneau was by training and taste yet romantic in essential spirit.11. , Byron’s greatest work, was written in the prime of his creative power, in the years 1818-1823.12. In defense of his unconventional theory of poetry, Wordsworth wrote a “Preface”to the second edition of the , which appeared in 1800.13. In the autobiographical account of the childhood, growth and maturity of , Dickens is actually retracing his own life..14. _______ is concerned both with how the meaning of a literary work is affected when read from a woman’s perspective and how female characters and women in general are treated within the work.15. is a riddle which has meant so many things to so many people. Even today it is still hard for people to come to a universally accepted understanding of the book. It is small wonder Clement Shorter would call its author “the sphinx of our modern literature”.16. Lawrence’s most controversial novel is .17. is term in poetry applied to two successive lines of verse that form a single unit because they rhyme; the term also is often used for lines that express a complete thought or form a separate stanza.18. The central theme of John Milton’s “” is taken from the Bible and deals with the Christian story of “the fall of man”.19. The puritans believed in in life.20. Geoffrey Chaucer, the “”and one of the greatest narrative poets of England, was born in London in or about the year 1340.III. Match the writers with their works. (20 points in all, 1 point for each)1. William Thackeray ( ) A. When You Are Old2. William Shakespeare ( ) B. Idylls of the King3. Jonathan Swift ( ) C. Sister Carrie4. Thomas Hardy( ) D. The Mill on the Floss5. James Joyce( ) E. The Rainbow6. William Butler Yeats( ) F. A Portrait of the Artist as a Young Man7. Charles Dickens( ) G. The Waste Land8. Jane Austen( ) H. Gulliver’s Travels9. Nathaniel Hawthorne( ) I. Far from the Madding Crowd10. Alfred Tennyson( ) J. Utopia11. John Bunyan ( ) K. Widower’s Houses12. G. B. Shaw( ) L. Othello13. Thomas Gray( ) M. Animal Farm14. David Lawrence ( ) N. Pride and Prejudice15. Thomas More ( ) O. The Scarlet Letter16. George Eliot( ) P. Hard Times17. Edmund Spenser( ) Q. The Pilgrim's Progress18. Theodore Dreiser( ) R. Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard19. Thomas Stearns Eliot( ) S. Vanity Fair20. George Orwell( ) T. The Faerie QueenIV. Read the following selections and then answer the questions as you are required according to your comprehension.(40 points in all, 8 points for each)1.“I shall be telling this with a sighSomewhere ages and ages hence:Two roads diverged in a wood,and I—I took the one less traveled by,And that has made all the difference.”Questions:A. Identify the poem and the poet.B. What does the phrase “ages and ages hence” mean?C. What idea does the quoted passage express?2.“When the minister spoke from the pulpit, with power and fervid eloquence, and with his hands on the open bible, of the sacred truths of our religion, and a saint –like lives and triumphant deaths, and of future bliss or misery unutterable, then did Goodman Brown turn pale, dreading, lest the roof should thunder down upon the gray blasphemer and his hearers.”Questions:A. Identify the title of the short story from which this part is taken and the author.B. What had happened in the story before this church scene?C. Why was Goodman Brown afraid that the roof might thunder down?3. “One short sleep past, we wake eternallyAnd death shall be no more; death, thou shalt die.”Questions:A. Identify the poem and the poet.B. What does the word “sleep” mean?C. What idea do the two lines express?"4. “Nor lose possession of that fair thou owest;Nor shall Death brag thou wanderest in his shade,When in eternal lines to time thou growest:So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.”Questions:A. Identify the poem and the poet.B. Discuss BRIEFLY the main idea of the stanza or of the whole canto.C. What are the possible implications of the last two lines?h5. “For oft, when on my couch I lieIn vacant or in pensive mood,They flash upon that inward eyeWhich is the bliss of solitude;And then my heart with pleasure fills,And dances with the daffodils.”QuestionsA. Identify the author and the title.B. What does the phrase “inward eye” mean?C. Write out the main idea of the passage in plain English.V. Topic Discussion: Choose three of the five to discuss(45 points in all, 15 for each)1. What is Mark Twain’s contribution to American Literature?2. Comment on Hemingway’s A Farewell to Arms .3. Make a comparison between Tennyson and Browning.4. Give an explanation on Spenserian Stanza.5. Choose one from the following writers to discuss. Your discussion should contain the writer’s basic background, the key representative works, and then select one of his works to analyze the theme and primary writing features, etc:William Blake; Jane Austen; Henry David Thoreau; William Butler Yeats; Ernest Hemingway; Robert Burns.。
广东财经大学民商法(分论)2012--2014年考研专业课复试真题
欢迎报考广东商学院硕士研究生，祝你考试成功！（第 1 页共 2 页）
广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷
考试年度：2012年
考试科目代码及名称：F512-民商法学
适用专业：030105-民商法学
［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］
论述题(4题，每题25分，共100分)
一、试述善意取得制度的要件。
二、试述侵权责任与违约责任的竞合。
三、试论公司强制解散。
四、试论保险利益。
广东商学院硕士研究生入学考试试卷
考试年度：2013年 考试科目代码及名称：F-512民法（分论）
适用专业：030105——民商法学试卷编号：B
［友情提醒：请在考场提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］论述题（4题，每题25分，共100分）
一、试比较人格权和身份权的异同。
二、试述买卖合同的特征。
三、试述侵权责任与不当得利返还责任竞合的条件。
1。
广东财经大学研究生入学考试真题F505-产业经济学
欢迎报考广东财经大学硕士研究生，祝你考试成功！（第 1 页共 1 页）
广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷
考试年度：2014年考试科目代码及名称：F505-产业经济学适用专业：020205产业经济学
［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］（1）简答题（5题，每题10分，共50分）
1.简述战略产业扶植政策的内容？
2.什么是产品差别化，形成产品差别化的因素有哪些？
3.简述可竞争市场理论的主要内容。
4、区域产业结构优化的含义是什么？原则有哪些？
5.简述配第-克拉克定理的内容。
（2）论述题（2题，每题25分，共50分）
1.论述产业结构政策的内容
2.为什么说高技术是新兴技术又是高层次技术，还是实在技术，并具有很强的创新性和相对性？
1。
2014年广东财经大学F516英语综合能力测试考研复试真题
广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2014年考试科目代码及名称：F-516英语综合能力测试适用专业：050201-英语语言文学试卷编号：2［友情提醒：请在考场提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］I.Translate the following into Chinese（30 points）1 There are, of course, exceptions. Small--minded officials, rude waiters, and ill mannered taxidrivers are hardly unknown in the US.（3 points）2 Shakespeare wrote at least thirty-seven plays, which gave an index to his extensive knowledgeon various subjects. Plays like Romeo and Juliet, Hamlet are so popular among Chinese readers that they have become the household institutions in this country.（3 points）3 Loneliness is most acutely felt with other people, for with others, even with a lover sometimes,we suffer from our differences of taste, temperament, mood. Human intercourse often demands that we soften the edge of perception for fear of hurting in a social situation.（3 points）4 As I have been writing for the past year, the rich have been hammered by this crisis, largelybecause of the plunge in the value of their investments and real estate. As a result, the millionaire population (especially the lower end) is taking a dive. （3 points）5 Sometimes one is not conscious of his own happiness and always thinks the grass is alwaysgreener on the other side of the fence, but not think over that one man's meat is another man's poison. （3 points）6The Englishman appears to be cold and unemotional because he is really slow. When an event happens, he may understand it quickly enough with his mind, but he takes quite a while to feel it. Once upon a time a coach, containing some Englishmen and some Frenchmen, was driving over the Alps. The horses ran away, and as they were dashing across a bridge the coach caught on the stonework, tottered, and nearly fell into the ravine below. The Frenchmen were frantic with terror: they screamed and gesticulated and flung themselves about and gesticulated and flung themselves about, as Frenchmen would. The Englishmen sat quite calm. An hour later the coach drew up at an inn to change horses, and by that time the situations were exactly reversed. The Frenchmen had forgotten all about the danger, and were chattering gaily; the Englishmen had just begun to feel it, and one had a nervous breakdown and was obliged to go to bed. We have here a clear physical difference between the two races—a difference that goes deep into character. The Frenchmen responded at once; the Englishmen responded in time. (15 points)II.Translate the following into English (30 points)1.一个春天的傍晚，园中百花怒放，父母在园中设宴，一时宾客云集，笑语四溢。
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广东财经大学硕士研究生入学考试试卷考试年度：2014年考试科目代码及名称：804-英美文学适用专业：050201 英语语言文学［友情提醒：请在考点提供的专用答题纸上答题，答在本卷或草稿纸上无效！］I. Define the following terms.（25 points in all, 5 points for each)1.Novel2. Lyric3. Charles Dickens4. T. S. Eliot5. TragedyII. Multiple choice. In this part, there are 20 statements or questions; in each of them, there are four choices marked by a, b, c, and d. Choose the ONE answer that is the most suitable to the statement or question. (20 points in all, 1 point for each)1. “Shall I compare thee to a summer’s day? / Thou art more lovely and more temperate: / Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,…”. These are the first3 lines of ’s poem .A. Thomas Hardy; Sonnet 8B. William Shakespeare; Sonnet 18C. Walt Whitman; Sonnet 18D. Robert Burns; Sonnet 122. What though the field be lost?/ All is not lost; the unconquerable Will,/And study of revenge, immortal hate……these lines are from John Milton’s _______.A. Paradise LostB. Paradise RegainedC. Samson AgonistesD. Christian Doctrine3. Byron’s famous poem She Walks in Beauty is a _______poetry.A. realisticB. modernC. romanticD. natural4. With the publication of The Sun Also Rises, three years later, Ernest Hemingwaybecame the spokesman for what______ had called “ a lost generation.”A. Gertrude SteinB. Henry JamesC. William FaulknerD. Ezra Pound5. The famous and summary poetic line “Beauty is truth, truth beauty.” is taken fromJohn Keats’.A. “Ode to the West Wind”B. “Ode to the NightingaleC. “Ode on a Grecian Urn”D. “Ode on Melancholy6. Tess of the D’Urbervilles was written by who is also the author of his first novel Poor Man and the Lady.A. Jane AustenB. Thomas HardyC. Oscar WildeD. William Faulkner7. Imagist poems are mainly composed in the form of ________.A. blank verseB. free verseC. sonnetD. quatrain8. Virginia Woolf belongs to ___________school.A. stream of consciousnessB. metaphysicalC. sentimentalismD. surrealism9. From her novel, we can deduce Jane Austen’s view of life is_____.A. romanticB. sentimentalC.pessimisticD. realistic10. Mark Twain, one of the greatest 19th century American writers, is well known forhis______.A. local colorB. black humorC. ironyD. interior monologue11. Of Studies is written by English essayist named_______.A. William ShakespeareB. Geoffrey ChaucerC. Francis BaconD. William Blake12. The Renaissance, originally indicating revival of classical (Greek and Roman) artsand sciences after the dark age of medieval obscurantism, is actually a movement stimulated by a series of historical events. The keynote of renaissance is _______.A. realismB. romanticismC. humanismD. naturalism13. The Spenserian Stanza is a fixed form invented by Edmund Spencer for his epicpoem________.A. The Shepherd’s CalendarB. Colin Clouts Come Home AgainC.The Last Four ThingsD. The Faerie Queen14. “The apparition of these faces in the crowd; Petals on a wet, black bough.” Thisline is from Ezra Pound’s poem, In a Station of the Metro, which reflects the principles of ______.A. imagismB. surrealismC. symbolismD. post-modernism15. Charlotte Bronte is the most ambitious writer among Bronte sisters, whose bestnovel is_________.A. The professorB. ShirleyC. Wuthering HeightsD. Jane Eyre16. Carl Sandburg is the leading populist in Modern American poetry. He describesfog in his poem Fog as a _____by using the figurative speech of metaphor.A. CatB. dogC. frogD. butterfly17. “To see a world in a grain of sand/And a heaven in a wild flower,/Hold infinity inthe palm of your hand/ And eternity in an hour.”In this line, what kind of figurative speech is used?A. SimileB. metaphorC. understatementD. metonymy18 ______is the first English poet to employ the neo-classic heroic couplet andquatrain in his poems, who is credited with having reformed English poetry.A Thomas GrayB Alexander PopeC John DonneD John Dryden19. Romanticism in America literature stretches from______to the break forth ofAmerican Civil War.A. early 17th CB. early 18th CC. early 19th CD. Spanish-American War20. Autobiography and biography belong to the major forms of _______, the purposeof which is to give a presumably accurate accounting of a person’s life.A. fictionB. non-fictionC. documentaryD. diary。