考研英语语法重难点精解(真题)毙考题
2019考研英语语法解析：一般现在时_毙考题
2019考研英语语法解析：一般现在时_毙考题通常以动词原形表示。
主语为第三人称单数时，用现单三形式。
动词be和have(表示拥有)各人称的单数形式为：一般现在时的否定式、疑问式和简单回答形式如下：动词be 与have(表示拥有)：否定式直接把not放在动词之后，疑问式直接把动词放在主语之前，见下表：I am not (I rsquo;m not) I have not (haven rsquo;t) Am i ? Have i ? You are not (aren rsquo;t) You have not (haven rsquo;t) Are you ?Have you ?He is not (isn rsquo;t) He has not (hasn rsquo;t) Is he ? Has he ? 动词be 与have(表示拥有)：否定式直接把not放在动词之后，疑问式直接把动词放在主语之前，见下表：I am not (I rsquo;m not) I have not (haven rsquo;t) Am i ? Have I ? You are not (aren rsquo;t) You have not (haven rsquo;t) Are you ? Have you ? He is not (isn rsquo;t) He has not (hasn rsquo;t) Is he ? Has he ? 注意：have 作为行为动词则只能按照行为动词的规则变化。
考研英语语法难点详解
考研英语语法难点详解副词Rather用法作副词时有三种含义1.ADV （放在动词前）更…，宁愿…You use rather before verbs that introduce your thoughts and feelings, in order to express your opinion politely, especially when a different opinion has been expressed.I rather think he was telling the truth...我倒觉得他讲的是真话。
2.ADV 有些;颇为;相当You use rather to indicate that something is true to a fairly great extent, especially when you are talking about something unpleasant or undesirable.I grew up in rather unusual circumstances...我在非同寻常的环境下长大。
3.ADV 而是；更确切地说；还不如说；相反You use rather when you are correcting something that you have just said, especially when you are describing a particular situation after saying what it is not.Twenty million years ago, Idaho was not the arid place it is now. Rather, it was warm and damp, populated by dense primordial forest...2,000万年前，爱达荷州并不像现在这样干旱。
考研英语语法重难点精解动词
动词是表⽰动作或状态的词，根据其意义和作⽤，动词可分为实义动词、系动词、情态动词和助动词。
动词涉及的内容很多，本书仅就研究⽣考试中常涉及的动词时态、时态⼀致以及部分情态动词作深⼊讲解。
⼀、时态(Tense) 时态是表⽰动作发⽣的时间和表现⽅式的⼀种动词形式，英语动词的时态有16种，但在研究⽣考试以及其他考试中常考的时态只有⼏种。
不管何种时态，所包含的主要内容都是相同的，即时态的构成以及⽤法。
本书着重讲解重要时态的⽤法。
（⼀）⼀般现在时(Simple Present Tense) 1．表⽰客观真理或科学事实。
例句： The moon has a mass that is nearly one hundred times less than that of the earth;in consequence, the force of gravity at the moon s surface is only one sixth of that at the earth s surface. 分析：该句是复合句，定语从句that is nearly...less than that of the earth修饰a mass;in consequence后是另⼀个并列句。
译⽂：⽉球的质量差不多是地球质量的1/100，因此⽉球表⾯的引⼒只有地球表⾯引⼒的1/6。
例句： One difficulty in translation lies in obtaining a concept match. By this is meant that a concept in one language is lost or changed in meaning in translation. （2001年第8题） 分析：该句由两个句⼦构成，前⼀个是简单句，后⼀个句⼦是复合句；that后是⼀宾语从句。
译⽂：翻译中的⼀个难点在于找到⼀个相对应的概念。
考研英语试题语法难点精析(9)
考研英语试题语法难点精析（9）【语法难点精析之与-ly副词同义的介词短语】inangry=angrily indespair=despairingly inadmiration=admiringly incommon=commonly infact=actually infear=fearfully infairness=fairly infun=funnily ingrief=grievously injoke=jokingly inline=lineally inmercy=mercifully inpublic=publicly insilence=silently inspite=spitefully insorrow=sorrily/sorrowfully insurprise=surprisedly withasmile=smilingly withsatisfaction=satisfactorily withattention=attentively withcare=carefully withcourage=courageously withdifficult=difficultly withemphasis=emphatically withfascination=fascinatingly withgrace=gracefully withjoy=joyfully withpride=proudly withpleasure=pleasantly withwarmth=warmly outofbreath=breathlessly ⑴will,willingness,suggestion,conclusion,decision,permission,agreement,refusal,det ermination,proposal,resolution等,一般用不定式作后置定语. 如: Maryhasthewilltowinthefirstprize.(不用ofwinning) 玛丽有获得一等奖的决心. Hehasdrawnaconclusiontogoabroadwithhisfamily.(不用ofwinning) 他已作出了携家去国外的决定.⑵hope,risk,possibility,impossibility,probability,intention,prospect,responsibility,ai m等,一般只能用ofdoing作后置定语. 如: Infact,thereisnohopeoftheirwinningthegame. 事实上,他们没有希望赢得这场比赛. (不能说forthemtowin) Hewillruntheriskoflosinghislifetosavethechild. 他将冒生命危险去救那个孩子.⑶way,chance,need,necessity,right,freedom,power,opportunity,ability等,既可用不定式短语,又可用ofdoing短语作后置定语. 如: Theirchancetogo(ofgoing)。
考研英语试题语法难点精析(8)
考研英语试题语法难点精析（8）
【语法难点精析之含义因有无冠词而迥异的短语】 atplay在玩attheplay 在看戏behindtime迟到behindthetimes落在时代后byday在白天bytheday 按日计算bysea乘船bythesea在海边infrontof在...(外面的)前面inthefrontof 在...(内部的前面) inchargeof看护,负责inthechargeof由...看护,由...负责insecret秘密地(作状语) inthesecret知道内情(作表语) incourseof在...过程中(作表语“后置定语) inthecourseof在...期间(作状语) inred穿着红衣服inthered负债,赤字ofage成年ofanage(岁数)同年onfire着火onthefire在考虑中onoccasion不时地;必要时ontheoccasion在那时outofquestion毫无疑问outofthequestion不可能todeath十分tothedeath到最后fiveofus我们中的五人(部分) thefiveofus我们五个人(全部) ayellowandwhitecat一只黄白相间的猫ayellowandawhitecat一只黄猫和一只白猫inafamilyway象一家人一样inthefamilyway怀孕dieofcold冻死dieofacold感冒而死havewordswith与...争吵haveawordwith与...略谈keephouse管理家务keepthehouse守在家里takerest就寝takearest休息一下takeplace发生taketheplaceof代替。
考研英语试题语法难点解析
考研英语试题语法难点解析不同的名词,对这两种后置定语的选择是有区别的,有的只能用to do,有的只可用of doin g,有的两种都可以.现分述如下:(1)will, willingness, suggestion, conclusion, decision, permission, agreement, refusal, determination, proposal, resolution等,一般用不定式作后置定语.如:Mary has the will to win the first prize.(不用of winning)玛丽有获得一等奖的决心.He has drawn a conclusion to go abroad with his family.(不用of winning)他已作出了携家去国外的决定.(2)hope, risk, possibility, impossibility, probability, intention, prospect, responsiblili ty, aim等,一般只能用of doing作后置定语.如:In fact,tere is no hope of their winning the game.事实上,他们没有希望赢得这场比赛.(不能说for them to win)He will run the risk of losing his life to save the child.他将冒生命危险去救那个孩子.⑶way, chance, need, necessity, right, freedom, power, opportunity,ability等,既可用不定式短语,又可用of doing短语作后置定语.如:Their chance to go(of ging) abroad was lost.他们失去了出国的机会.He has the right to do (of doing) that.他有权那样做.。
考研英语语法五大难点总结二 代词、主谓一致(附带真题讲解)
考研英语语法五大难点总结二代词、主谓一致（附带真题讲解）(三)代词及其指代一致一.代词的指代1.that的指代作用that指代不可数名词和单数可数名词(如是复数，用those)，后面通常跟有修饰语，如出现在比较结构中的that of。
如Conversation calls for a willingness to alternate the role of speaker with that of listener, and it calls for occasional “digestive pauses” by both.这里that指代前面的the role。
No bread eaten by men is so sweet as that earned by his own labor.2.one的指代作用one指代带不定冠词的单数可数名词，复数为ones。
the one指代带定冠词的单数可数名词。
如：A good writer is who can express the commonplace in an uncommon way.[A] that [B]he [C]one [D]this答案为[C]3.do的替代作用。
do代替动词，注意数和时态的变化。
如：For him to be re-elected, what is essential is not that his policy works , but that the public believe that it does.二.代词指代一致问题代词指代一致是指指代的名词在性、数、格上是否一致，或者所照应的名词词组在某些方面保持一致。
考研英语试题语法难点精析（4）
考研英语试题语法难点精析（4）4．不定式、的现在分词和过去分词作定语的区别(1）不定式作定语1)不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是主谓关系He was the last one to leave school yesterday．昨天他是最后⼀个离开教室的。
The train to arrive was from London．将要到站的⽕车是从伦敦开来的。
2)不定式与其所修饰的名词可能是动宾关系Get him something to eat．给他拿点⼉东西吃。
She has a lot of work to do in the morning．早上他有很多⼯作要做。
3)不及物动词构成的不定式做定语，要加上适当的介词和被修饰的名词形成逻辑上的动宾关系，这⾥的介词不能省去。
I need a pen to write with．我需要⼀⽀笔写字。
There is nothing to worry about．没有什么值得发愁的。
4)不定式修饰⼀些表⽰⽅向、的原因、的时间、的机会、的权利等抽象名词如：ability能⼒，本领 drive赶，驾驶 movement运动，活动ambition抱负，野⼼ effort努⼒，尝试 need需要，需求campaign战役，运动 failure失败，不及格 opportunity机会chance机会 force⼒，压⼒，要点 promise许诺，希望courage勇⽓ intention意向，意图 reason理由，原因decision决定 method⽅法，⽅式 light光，光线，亮光determination决⼼，决定 motive动机，⽬的 struggle奋⽃，努⼒，tendency倾向，趋势 wish希望，愿望，祝愿5）被修饰的名词前有序数词、的形容词最⾼级或next， second, last, only和not a，the等限定词时候，只能⽤不定式。
6）不定代词something, nothing, little, much, a lot 等习惯上⽤不定式做定语。
2019考研英语语法解析：动词的形式及其变化规律_毙考题
2019考研英语语法解析：动词的形式及其变化规律学习语法和学习语言是相辅相成的，英语水平要提升，语法知识点必须要熟练掌握。
基础复习阶段，对于遇到的相关语法一定要弄懂弄会。
小编分解各个语法知识点，帮助大家一一攻克。
下面是动词的形式及其变化规律语法知识点解析：2019考研英语语法解析：动词的形式及其变化规律英语的时态是通过动词的变化来体现的。
因此，了解动词的形式及其变化规律非常重要。
英语的实义动词有以下五种形式：(1) 动词原形：动词原形在句子中形式不变。
主要用于主语为非第三人称单数的一般现在时，情态动词之后，或根据语法规定必须用动词原形的其他情况。
(2) 一般现在时第三人称单数形式(简称现单三)：主要用于主语为第三人称单数的一般现在时。
(3) 过去式：主要用于一般过去时。
(4) 现在分词：主要用于进行时态，或语法规定的其他情况。
(5) 过去分词：主要用于完成时态，或语法规定的其他情况。
动词一般现在时第三人称单数(现单三)的构成，见下表：词尾变化（规律与名词变复数相同，读音也与名词复数相同）举例一般加-sHelp---helps; read---reads在ch, sh, s, x 或元音字母o后面加-esDo, fix, pass, push, teach ---does, fixes, passes, pushes, teaches以辅音字母加y结尾的词，变y为i再加-esTry, study --- tries, stuides与名词变复数形式相同，读音也相同。
动词过去式和过去分词，大多数是动词原形+ ed 构成，这是规则动词。
规则动词的拼写和读音规则如下表：读音规则如下表： 词尾变化举例词尾读音动词后面加-edHelp---helped Work---worked Watch---watched清辅音之后读[t]Want---wanted need---needed[t] ,[d]之后读[t]Turn---turned play--played元音和浊辅音（[d]除外）之后读[d]以不发音的e 结尾的词，加-dLove---loved Serve---served结尾是辅音字母+y时，y变i，再加-edStudy---studied Try---tried结尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节词，双写辅音字母再加-edStop---stopped Drop---dropped清辅音之后读[t]不规则动词的过去式和过去分词有其特殊变化形式，需要个别记忆，同时也要善于发现不规则中的规则，即某些字母组合的不规则动词有一定的规律。
考研英语试题语法难点精析_word版
考研英语试题语法难点精析【语法难点精析之虚拟语气】虚拟语气的重点是：1．一些常见的虚拟语气的句型或结构。
2．虚拟语气的特殊形式，即用来表示要求、的建议、的命令、的提议、的意愿等的主语从句、的宾语从句、的表语从句和同位语从句中的虚拟形式。
3．主从句表示不同的时间概念、的事实或假设情况，从而交错成为复合虚拟语气。
4．含蓄条件句中的虚拟语气的表示愿望的虚拟形式。
上述四个要点往往在完形填空或者阅读理解里面存在，尤其是每年完形填空都至少有一道直接考这方面的知识的题目，而在阅读理解里，我们掌握上述四个重点对于我们理解文章的大意和作者态度很有帮助，了解哪些观点是作者假设的、的虚拟的，哪些是真实的，这样对于我们回答关于作者态度观点题很有帮助。
下面我们将主要从上述四个方面来重点论述在考试中应该注意的问题。
一、虚拟语气的常见类型和句型(1) 由wish引起的表示愿望的虚拟语气A．用wish表示对现在的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：过去式（be 动词用were）。
B．用wish表示对将来的愿望时，它所引起的宾语从句中谓语动词形式为：would, could, might+ 动词原形。
C．wish用于对过去的事实表示一种不可能实现的愿望时，宾语从句中的谓语动词形式为：had+动词过去分词或could, would + have +动词过去分词。
The picture exhibition bored me to death; I wish I had not gone to it.---“I let Joe borrow our radio for the afternoon.”---“That’s all right, but I wish he would buy one of his own.”I wish that he weren’t so lazy.(2) had hoped引起的宾语从句中备用语动词形式为would+动词原形，表示一种过去未实现的愿望或令人失望的事。
2019考研英语语法解析：非谓语动词(5)_毙考题
2019考研英语语法解析：非谓语动词（5）目标测试1.______in the matriculation for postgraduate in a short time is really a hard nut.A.To make high scoresB.Making high scoresC.To make low goalD.Making low goal2.I found ________ to answer all the questions within the time given.A.no possibilityB.there was impossibilityC.impossibleD.it impossible3.The students expected there _____ more reviewing classes before the final exams.A.isB.beingC.have beenD.to be4.You re going to England next year. You should now practise ______ English as much as possible.A. speakB. to speakC. speakingD. Speak about5.If we don t start out now, we must risk ______ the train.A. miss B missing C. being missed D to miss6. The flexibility of film allows the artist _______ unstrained imagination to the animation of cartoon characters.A.to bringB.briningC.is broughtD.brings7.Although the lecture had already been on for five minutes，I still was not able to find a chair____.A. to sitB.for to sit onC.to sit onD.for sitting8. Surely her daughter would make an even bigger effort ______ her?A.pleaseB.pleasedC.to pleaseD.having pleased9.Lots of empty boots were found under the old man s bed. He must have done nothing but ______.A. drinkB. to drinkC. drinkingD. drunk10.The local health organization is reported ___ twenty-five years age when Dr. Adudon became its first president.A. to be set upB. being set upC. to have been set upD. having been set up11.I heard him __the doorA. lockingB. to lockC. lockD. being locking12.He does nothing but___A. complainingB.to complainingC. complainD. to complain13.The students expected there___ more reviewing classes before the final exam.A. isB. being C have been D. to be14. The bank is reported in the local newspaper ___ in broad daylight yesterday.A. to be robbedB. robbedC. to have been robbedD. having been robbed15.I appreciated ______the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.A. having been givenB. having beenC. to have been givenD. to have given16.There is no point ___further.A. argueB. to argueC. arguingD. being arguing17.Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free, owing to its always ___with other elements, most commonly with oxygen.A. combinedB. having combinedC. combineD. being combined18.They stopped ___, but now I m getting interested.A.listeningB.to listenC. listenD. having listening19.I am sorry to hear that you resorted ___A. to cheatB. to cheatingC. cheatingD.cheat20.He wasn t asked to take on the chairmanship of the society, ___ insufficiently popular with all members.A. being consideredB. considering.C. to be consideredD. having considered21.___of the burden of ice , the balloon climber up and drifted to the South.A. To be freeB. FreeingC. To freeD. Freed22.___exceptions, the rule may stand.A. Allow forB. Allowing forC. To allowD. To allow for23.All flights___ because of the snowstorm, we decided to take the train.A. were canceledB. had been canceledC. having canceledD. having been canceled24.John painted her sitting in a chair with her hands ___A. foldingB. to have foldedC. to foldD. folded25.It s easy to blame the decline of conversation on the pace of modern life and on the vague changes ___place in our ever-changing world.A. takingB. to takeC. takeD. taken。
2005年考研英语二真题与答案_毙考题
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考研英语语法重难点精解动词
考研英语语法重难点精解动词情态动词+完成时 1. must have done表示对过去的肯定推测“一定发生了“。
例句：My pain must have been apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically：“Are you feeling all right?” （1996 年第 2 题）分析：该句是复合句，the moment后引导一个时间状语从句；定语从句 I met前省略了关系代词whom。
译文：当我走进房间时，我的疼痛一定很明显。
因为我遇到的第一个人就同情地问我：“你还好吧？”2.can t have done表示对过去的否定推测“一定没发生“。
例句： You can t have seen him in his office last Sunday; he s been out of town for several weeks. 分析：该句是并列句。
译文：你上周日不可能在办公室见到他，因为他已经离开本镇好几个星期了。
3.could/may have done表示对过去的肯定推测，语气弱于must have done”很可能发生了”。
例句： Nelson could have won the game, with a little more training and a better manager o分析：该句是简单句,with a little more training and a better manager 相当于一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的从句，即：If he had had a little more training and a better manager. 译文：如果尼尔森再多加强训练，再有一个好的教练，他就能赢得比赛。
例句：The current state of affairsmay have been encouraged—though not justified—by the lack of legal penalty （in America, but not Europe） for data leakage.（选自2007年Text 4）分析：该句是复合句，though not justified的完整形式应是though it is not justified，其中it指代破折号前所叙述的内容。
考研英语语法重难点精解
考研英语语法重难点精解(1)：名词的单复数第一章词类第一节词类名词(Noun)硕士研究生考试有关名词的试题主要涉及名词的可数与不可数、名词的单复数形式、集体名词在数上的主谓一致和单数名词以复数形式出现及名词单复数同形的问题。
一、名词的单复数（一）不可数名词a little/some/much/considerable/a great(good)deal of/a lot of(lots of)/plenty of/a large amount of/a large quantity of/a wealth of(大量)/heaps of(大量的)+不可数名词例句：The Portuguese give a great deal of credit to one man for having promoted sea travel,that man being Prince Henry the navigator,who lived in15th century.（1995年第14题）分析：该句是复合句，其中that man...navigator是一个独立主格结构，进一步解释说明one man;who lived...是非限制性定语从句，解释说明Prince Henry。
译文：葡萄牙人给了这位促进海上旅行的人很多荣誉，此人便是15世纪的航海家亨利王子。
例句：If humanity has made some headway in realizing that the ultimate value of every institution is its distinctively human effect we may well believe that this lesson has been learned largely through dealings with the young.（选自2009年Part C）分析：该句是复合句。
2019考研英语语法解析：代词_毙考题
2019考研英语语法解析：代词学习语法和学习语言是相辅相成的，英语水平要提升，语法知识点必须要熟练掌握。
基础复习阶段，对于遇到的相关语法一定要弄懂弄会。
小编分解各个语法知识点，帮助大家一一攻克。
下面是代词语法知识点解析：2019考研英语语法解析：代词一、人称代词(一)人称代词的主格、宾格人称代词的主格在句中作主语、表语，宾格作及物动词或介词的宾语，主格和宾格不可混用。
例句：When school was over，Jack and me went home together.分析：me应改为I，因为它处在主语的位置上。
例句：Each cigarette which a person smokes does some harm, and eventually he may get a serious disease from its effect. (1996年第14题)分析：该句是复合句，其中which a person smokes是修饰each cigarette的定语从句，he 指代前面的a person。
译文：一个人吸的每一支烟都对他的身体有害，最终他将因吸烟患上一种严重的疾病。
(二)it的用法1. 代替除人以外的一切生物或事物(可代替单个词、词组或句子)。
例句：The ideal listener stays both inside and outside the music at the moment it is played and enjoys it almost as much as the composer at the moment he composes. (2000年第19题)分析：该句是复合句，其中he composes是省略了关系代词which/that的定语从句，修饰the moment, 而almost as much as the composer作状语修饰enjoys。
考研英语知识点汇总,今天咱们吃“语法”乱炖!_毙考题
摘要：从小学到大的英语，还是不懂语法。翻来覆去，英语语法只有那么多，会者不难，难者不会。帮帮为英语薄弱的小伙伴们汇总了考研英语语法知识点，希望2019的考研er能够有所裨益！►as...as...引导的比较级：(1) as +形容词或副词原级+as+被比较对象结构。例句：He studies as hard as you.他像你一样学习努力。(2)在否定句或疑问句中可用not so as .例句：He can notrun so/as fast as you.他没你跑得快。►only引导的倒装句型：only +状语(或状语从句)位于句首时，句子部分倒装。例句：Only by diligence and honesty can one succeed inlife.只有勤奋、正直，一个人在生活中才能成功。注意：但only修饰主语时，不倒装。例句：Onlythat girl knew how to work out the problem.只有那位女生知道怎样解那道题。►wish引导的虚拟语气：wish后面的从句，当表示与事实相反的情况，或表示将来不太可能实现的愿望时，其宾语从句的动词形式为：⑴表示对现在情况的虚拟：从句动词用过去式或过去进行式表示，be的过去式用were. I wish I knew the answer to the question.我希望知道这个问题的答案。(可惜不知道。)⑵表示对过去情况的虚拟：从句动词用had +过去分词。I wish (that) I hadn t wastedso much time.我后悔不该浪费这么多时间。(实际上已经浪费掉了。)⑶表示对将来的主观愿望：谓语动词形式为would/ should/ could/ might +动词原形。在这种情况下，主
考研语法详解：动名词-毙考题.doc
考研语法详解：动名词摘要：考研英语语法是将词汇与文章大意搭连在一起的一座桥梁，掌握了语法，就相当于打通了英语学习的任督二脉。
帮帮为各位考研er整理了考研英语语法中关于动名词的知识，希望大家能有有所裨益。
动名词是一种非谓语动词，它的形式与现在分词相同，具有名词和动词的某些特征，它可以带宾语、状语等构成动名词短语，在句中不能单独做谓语。
►动名词的时态(Tense)以动词do为例：主动、被动一般式doing being done 完成式having done having been done 从上述可以看出，动名词和现在分词的时态完全相同，而非谓语动词之间的区别主要是用法上的区别。
动名词和现在分词形式相同，用法却大相径庭，动名词一般式表示的动作通常与谓语动词的动作几乎同时发生，而动名词的完成式则表示动作在谓语动词的动作之前已发生。
例句：Mr. Jankin regretted blaming his secretary for the mistake，for he later discovered it was his own fault.(regretted与blaming所表示动作几乎同时发生)分析：该句是复合句。
动名词blaming在句中作宾语，it was his own fault是discovered的宾语从句。
译文：坚金先生后悔责怪秘书了，因为他后来发现是自己的过错。
例句：Did you find out who had stolen my watch？That child didn＇t admit having done that.(having done所表示动作在动词admit 前已经发生)分析：前一分句是一复合句，who had stolen my watch作find out的宾语，后一分句是一简单句。
译文：你查出是谁把我的手表盗走了吗？那个孩子不承认是他干的。
例句：I appreciated having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.(having been given所表示动作在谓语动词appreciated之前已发生)分析：该句是简单句。
考研英语语法重难点精解主谓一致
考研英语语法重难点精解主谓一致•相关推荐考研英语语法重难点精解主谓一致“many+单数名词”等结构的主谓一致主语为many a/more than one/every/each+单数名词或one of/every one of/either of/neither of/each of+复数名词时，谓语动词用单数形式。
例句： Caught in the web of its own time and place， each generation of historians determines anew what is significant for it in the past. (选自1999年Part IV)分析：该句是复合句，主干部分是each generation of historians determines anew...，what is significant for it in the past 是determines的宾语从句，过去分词caught in the web of...作主语补足语。
译文：每一代史学家在重新确定那些对他们具有重大意义的史实时，都会受到自身时空的局限。
例句：Each of these social sciences has a subfield or specialization which lies particularly close to anthropology. （选自2003年Part B）分析：该句是复合句，which lies...是修饰subfield or specialization的定语从句。
译文：每一门社会学科目都有一个分支或专业特别接近人类学。
“each+单数名词”等结构的主谓一致在each/every+单数名词+and+ each/every+单数名词这一结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数形式。
例句： Every boy and every girl has a right to be educated in our country， whether his/her family is rich or poor.分析：该句是并列句，whether his family is rich or poor这一分句表示让步。
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2015考研英语语法重难点精解(真题) 2015考研英语语法重难点精解(真题)一般将来时(Simple Future Tense)一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态，其形式和用法如下所述。
1. will/shall+动词，表示单纯的将来含义。
例句：Some day software will translate both written and spoken language sowell that the need for any common second language could decline. (2001年第23题)分析：该句是复合句。
written and spoken作定语修饰language;that后是一结果状语从句。
译文：有朝一日，软件既能用来做文字翻译又能做口头翻译，而且能翻译得很好，以至于对任何通用的第二语言的需求都会下降。
例句：Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will bedecorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo BanquetingRoom, and so forth and will be very expensive. (选自2006年Text 2)分析：该句是复合句。
which引导的定语从句修饰its own hotel;从句中you may be sure是插入语，从句的主干部分为whichwill be decorated with...and will be very expensive。
译文：希尔顿正在那儿建立自己的酒店，你或许可以肯定它将配有(以莎士比亚剧中人物的名字命名的)哈姆雷特汉堡包店、李尔王休息室、班柯宴会包间等，而且价格非常昂贵。
2. be going to+动词，表示按计划或打算在最近的将来做某事，也可表示对未来的预测。
例句：As long as poor people, who in general are colored, are in conflictwith richer people who in general are lighter skinned, there is going to be aconstant racial conflict in the world. (1999年第18题)分析：该句是复合句。
定语从句who in general are colored和who in general are lighterskinned分别修饰poor people以及richer people;从句的主干部分为poor people are in conflict withricher people。
译文：一般来说，只要穷人与富人(也就是一般的有色人种和白色人种)之间有冲突，那么这个世界上的种族冲突就不会停止。
例句：Clearly, only the biggest and most flexible television companies aregoing to be able to compete in such a rich and hotly?contested market.(选自2005年Part C)分析：该句是简单句。
译文：显然，只有规模最大、应变能力最强的电视传媒集团才能够在这个精彩纷呈而又竞争激烈的市场中生存。
3. be to+动词，表示按计划或安排将要发生的动作或要求别人去做的事，常用来表示官方的命令、决定、禁止、许可等。
例句：If Gilbert and the Philharmonic are to succeed，they must first changethe relationship between America?s oldest orchestra and the new audience ithopes to attract. (选自2011年Text 4)分析：该句是复合句。
其中，在主句中，定语从句it hopes to attract修饰audience。
译文：如果吉尔伯特和纽约爱乐乐团想获得成功，他们首先必须改变美国最古老的交响乐团和其想要吸引的新一批观众间的关系。
例句：But his primary task is not to think about the moral code, whichgoverns his activity, any more than a businessman is expected to dedicate hisenergies to an exploration of rules of conduct in business. (2006年第49题)分析：该句是复合句，本句主干为his primary task is not to think about...any morethan...。
定语从句which governs his activity修饰the moral code;其中not...any morethan意为“不……也不……”。
译文：但是，他的首要任务并不是考虑支配自己行动的道德规范，就如同不能指望商人专注于探讨行业规范一样。
about to+动词，表示最近即将发生的动作，不接时间状语。
例句：Marlin is a young man of independent thinking who is not about to paycompliments to his political leaders. (1999年第9题)分析：该句是复合句。
定语从句who is not about to pay compliments to...修饰a young man。
译文：马林是个有独立思考能力的年轻人，他不会恭维他的政治领导人。
例句：His brother, who was a school teacher, was broke, his stomach ulcerswere troubling him, one of his children had to have a serious operation, and hiswife was about to have twins.分析：该句是并列复合句，其中定语从句who was a school teacher修饰his brother。
主干部分为His brotherwas...，his stomach ulcers were...，one of his children had to..., and his wifewas about to...。
译文：他的哥哥是一位老师，已身无分文，并患上了胃溃疡，他的一个孩子要接受一次大手术，他的爱人将要生一对双胞胎。
5. 位置移动动词，如：come，arrive，go，fly，catch，start，leave，travel的用法是be+现在分词，表示按计划即将发生的一个动作，常跟较近将来时间状语连用。
例句：The Spring Festival is coming, and all the urban people are busyengaging in all kinds of preparations.分析：该句是由and连接的并列句。
译文：春节就要到了，城里人都在忙着做各种各样的准备。
6.动词come，go，start，leave，arrive，return，begin常用一般现在时表示将来，表示已经预先计划安排好的或肯定发生的动作，主语常为事物名词。
例句：By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed in Europe for twoweeks. (1994年第1题)分析：该句是复合句。
arrive用一般现在时表示将来。
译文：你到达伦敦时，我们将已经在欧洲待了两周了。
(五)现在进行时(Present Continuous Tense)1. 表示此刻正在进行或在目前限定时间内不断进行的动作。
例句：That may change fast: lots of proposed data?security legislation is nowdoing the rounds in Washington ..(选自2007年Text 4)分析：该句是并列句，冒号后的内容是对前面所提内容的进一步说明。
译文：这一切很快就会改变：很多提议的信息安全法规正在华盛顿逐一讨论。
例句：It?s no surprise that Jennifer Senior?s insightful, provocative magazinecover story, “I love My Children, I Hate My Life,” is arousing muchchatter—nothing gets people talking like the suggestion that child rearing isanything less than a completely fulfilling, life?enriching experience.(选自2011年Text 4)分析：该句中，破折号前是一个复合句，其中，it是形式主语，真正的主语是Jennifer Senior?s insightful,provocative magazine cover story is arousing much chatter，引号中的内容与其前coverstory为同位语关系;破折号后的内容是对前面陈述内容的解释，suggestion后是一个同位语从句。
译文：詹妮佛·森尼尔见解深刻、颇具煽动性的杂志封面文章《我爱我的孩子，我讨厌我的生活》引发了热烈的议论，这不足为奇——没有什么比“育儿绝非完全是实现自我、丰富生活的体验”这样的暗示更能引发人们的讨论了。
2. 表示现阶段正在进行的动作，而此刻并不一定在进行。
例句：The future of this company is at stake: many of its talented employeesare following into more profitable net?based businesses. (2001年第30题)分析：该句是并列句，冒号后的内容是对前面内容的进一步解释。