考研英语语法重难点精解动名词

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考研英语语法重难点精解之动词.doc

考研英语语法重难点精解之动词.doc

考研英语语法重难点精解之动词一般将来时表示将来的动作或状态,其形式和用法如下所述。

1. will/shall+动词,表示单纯的将来含义。

例句: Some day software will translate both written and spoken language so well that the need for any mon second language could decline. (xx年第23题)分析:该句是复合句。

written and spoken作定语修饰language;that后是一结果状语从句。

译文:有朝一日,软件既能用来做文字翻译又能做口头翻译,而且能翻译得很好,以至于对任何通用的第二语言的需求都会下降。

例句: Hilton is building its own hotel there, which you may be sure will be decorated with Hamlet Hamburger Bars, the Lear Lounge, the Banquo Banqueting Room, and so forth and will be very expensive. (选自xx年Text 2)分析:该句是复合句。

which引导的定语从句修饰its own hotel;从句中you may be sure是插入语,从句的主干局部为which will be decorated with...and will be very expensive。

译文:希尔顿正在那儿建立自己的酒店,你或许可以肯定它将配有(以莎士比亚剧中人物的名字命名的)哈姆雷特汉堡包店、李尔王休息室、班柯宴会包间等,而且价格非常昂贵。

2. be going to+动词,表示按方案或打算在最近的将来做某事,也可表示对未来的预测。

例句: As long as poor people, who in general are colored, are in conflict with richer people who in generalare lighter skinned, there is going to be a constant racial conflict in the world. (1999年第18题)分析:该句是复合句。

动名词的知识点总结

动名词的知识点总结

动名词的知识点总结动名词的形式是动词的-ing形式,例如:reading, writing, swimming等,可以作名词用,在句中可以作主语(如:Smoking is bad for your health. 吸烟对健康有害)、宾语(如:I enjoy swimming on weekends. 我喜欢周末游泳)、还可以作定语(如:I saw a man reading a newspaper. 我看见一个正在读报纸的人)。

动名词还可以构成动名词短语,例如:I'm looking forward to meeting you.(我期待着见到你。

)使用:1. 作主语动名词作主语时,常用于表示喜好、习惯、能力等,例如:Smoking is bad for your health.(吸烟对健康有害。

)2. 作表语动名词作表语时,表示主语的行为特点、性质、状态,例如:His favorite pastime is reading.(他的业余爱好是读书。

)3. 作宾语动名词作宾语时,常与及物动词搭配使用,例如:I enjoy swimming on weekends.(我喜欢周末游泳。

)4. 作宾语补足语动名词作宾语补足语时,说明宾语所需要的动作,例如:She often keeps herself busy by singing.(她经常利用唱歌来使自己忙碌。

)5. 作定语动名词作定语时,修饰名词,说明名词的用途或动作的对象,例如:I saw a man reading a newspaper.(我看见一个正在读报纸的人。

)6. 动名词短语动名词短语是由动名词加上其前后的修饰成分构成的短语,可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语或状语,例如:I'm looking forward to meeting you.(我期待着见到你。

)动名词的否定形式是在其前面加上not,或者在其后面加上not,例如:I don't like swimming.(我不喜欢游泳。

考研英语语法重难点解析

考研英语语法重难点解析

考研英语语法重难点解析大家好,考研英语一直是很多同学们心中的一座大山,尤其是在语法这一块。

今天,我们就来一起揭开考研英语语法中的重难点,希望可以对大家有所帮助。

一、名词复数形式名词的复数形式是英语语法中的一个基础知识点,但也是一个容易被忽视的地方。

一般情况下,名词变成复数形式的规则有很多种,比如直接在词尾加s,如book变为books;以s,x,ch,sh结尾的名词加es,如box变为boxes;以辅音字母+y结尾的名词,变y为i再加es,如city变为cities等等。

记住这些规则,能够帮助我们更准确地使用名词的复数形式。

二、动词时态动词时态在考研英语中也是一个重点,特别是现在完成时、过去完成时等比较复杂的时态。

要注意时态的一致性,尤其是在句子中多个动词出现时,要确保它们的时态一致。

要注意使用适当的时间状语来辅助说明动作发生的时间点,使句子更加清晰和准确。

三、定语从句定语从句作为英语语法中的一个难点,经常考察学生对句子结构的理解和运用能力。

在定语从句中,需要注意关系代词的使用,如关系代词who,which,that等的区分以及在句子中的合理运用。

定语从句的位置和形式也需要根据具体的情况来灵活运用,避免句子结构过于复杂和拖沓。

四、虚拟语气虚拟语气是考研英语中一个较为抽象的语法现象,但却是一个颇具分量的难点。

虚拟语气通常用来表达一种假设、愿望、建议等,要根据上下文来判断句子中是否需要使用虚拟语气,并正确运用虚拟语气的各种形式,如与过去事实相反、与现在事实相反、与将来事实相反等情况。

五、固定搭配及短语在考研英语中,固定搭配和短语的运用也是一个需要重点关注的方面。

不同的固定搭配和短语往往有着特定的含义和用法,掌握这些固定搭配和短语能够让我们的表达更加地道和流畅,同时也可以提高文章的得分率。

考研英语语法的重难点在于名词复数形式、动词时态、定语从句、虚拟语气以及固定搭配及短语的运用。

在备考过程中,我们需要注意细节,多加练习,相信只要我们努力,一定能够取得理想的成绩!在备考过程中,多多练习是关键,加油!。

考研英语语法(动名词)

考研英语语法(动名词)

考研英语:语法(动名词)在考研英语中,语法是一项重要的考试内容。

动名词是考研英语语法中的一项重要内容,需要考生熟练掌握。

本文将介绍动名词的基本概念、使用方法、常见错误以及解决方法。

基本概念动名词是指动词变化形式中的一种,相当于名词。

动名词的形式为动词+ing,如:running,swimming,dancing。

动名词具有名词的性质,可以在句中作主语、宾语、表语、定语、补语等。

使用方法1.作主语动名词可以作主语,通常放在句首,如:•Swimming is my favorite sport.•Reading books is a good way to improve your knowledge and skills.2.作宾语动名词可以作及物动词的宾语,如:•I enjoy reading books in my free time.•She suggested going to the cinema tonight.3.作表语动名词可以作表语,表示状态或感受,如:•His favorite activity is swimming.•One of the advantages of working in a big city is meeting new people.4.作定语动名词可以作定语,修饰名词或代词,如:•I have a running record of winning the championship.•She is a hard-working girl, always reading books in her spare time.5.作补语动名词可以作宾语补足语,表示完成某个动作的具体方式,如:•She began to learn English by watching English TV shows.•He ended the meeting by summarizing the main points of discussion.常见错误与解决方法1.误用形式有些学生容易将动名词与动词的其他形式混淆,例如把动名词的形式误用为动词的现在分词或过去分词的形式。

动名词知识点总结

动名词知识点总结

动名词知识点总结动名词,在英语语法中属于一种非谓语动词形式。

它是由动词原形加上-ing构成的,具有动词和名词的双重特性,能够作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语等,具有很强的语法灵活性。

在动名词的使用上,需要注意其句法功能、搭配和用法等方面的知识点。

1. 动名词的句法功能动名词可以作动词的宾语,例如:I enjoy reading.动名词可以作主语,例如:Swimming is good for health.动名词可以作表语,例如:Her hobby is dancing.动名词可以作宾语补足语,例如:I like to go swimming in summer.动名词可以作介词宾语,例如:He is good at playing basketball.2. 动名词的搭配动名词可以与不定式搭配使用,例如:I like reading and watching movies.动名词可以与名词搭配使用,例如:Her hobby is reading books.动名词可以与形容词搭配使用,例如:He is interested in playing football.动名词可以与副词搭配使用,例如:She talks about cooking delicious dishes.动名词可以与介词搭配使用,例如:They are good at playing volleyball.3. 动名词的用法动名词可以用于表示习惯性的行为或经常性的动作,例如:I enjoy swimming in the morning.动名词可以用于表示进行中的动作,例如:I am studying for the exam.动名词可以表示行为的结果或目的,例如:She is learning English to get a better job.动名词可以用于被动语态中,例如:The bike needs repairing.4. 动名词的注意事项动名词在使用时需要注意以下几个注意事项:不同动词后面跟的动名词形式可能不同,例如:enjoy doing, mind doing, avoid doing等。

考研英语语法讲解(动名词和分词)

考研英语语法讲解(动名词和分词)

考研英语语法讲解三、动名词1.必须接动名词做宾语的动词牢记下列要求接动名词做宾语的动词:acknowledge,advocate,anticipate,appreciate,advise,avoid,admit,confess,consider,defend,delay,deny,dislike,enjoy,escape,excuse,fancy,favor,finish,forgive,imagine,include,involve,justify,keep mind,miss,mention,pardon,practice,postpone,permit,report,resent,resume,recall,recollect,risk,resist,suggest,tolerate.如:Although a teenager,Fred could resist being told what to do and what not to do.I appreciate having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.2.动名词做介词短语考生尤其要识别下列短语中的to是介词,不是不定式符号:object to,resort to,react to,contribute to,look forward to,be accustomed to,be committed to,be exposed to,be subjected to,be devoted to,be dedicated to,be opposed to,be reconciled to,be contrary to,be (get)used to,come close to,get down to,give oneself up to,prefer…to,see to,set to,take to,in addition to,with regard to,with a view to,on the way to.如:There was no sign that Mr. Jospin ,who keeps a firm control on the party despite having resigned from leadership of it,would intervene personally.Our modern civilization must not be thought of as having been created in a short period of time.Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free,owing to its always being combined with other elements,most commonly with oxygen.As the children become financially independent of the family,the emphasis on family financial security will shift from protection to saving for the retirement years.Everyone with half an eye on the unemployment figures knew that the assertion about economic recovery being just around the corner was untrue.四、分词分词起形容词和副词的作用,在句中做定语或状语。

考研英语语法动名词解析(二)

考研英语语法动名词解析(二)

考研英语语法动名词解析(二)三、动名词的逻辑主语动名词的逻辑主语,表明动名词动作的发出者。

能作动名词逻辑主语的词类有:物主代词、名词所有格(即名词所加“’s”,复数名词后以“s”结尾的,在其后加“’”)、名词通格(主格)或人称代词宾格。

例句:Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free,owing to its always being combined with other elements,most commonly with oxygen. (1997年第2题)分析:该句是简单句。

nowhere置于句首引起倒装,owing to...在句中作状语。

译文:自然界中的任何地方都找不到游离态的铝,因为它总是与其他元素,即最常见的是氧元素结合在一起。

注意:(1) 当逻辑主语是无生命名词或较长名词词组时,通常用名词通格(即主格)。

例句:Anyone with half an eye on the unemployment figures knew that the assertion about economic recovery being just around the corner was untrue.(1999年第1题)分析:该句是复合句。

其中动名词的复合结构economic recovery being just around the corner在句中作介词about的宾语,economic recovery作动名词being的逻辑主语,介词短语with half an eye on the unemployment figures作定语修饰anyone。

译文:任何人只要一看这些失业数据便知关于经济复苏即将来临的言论是不正确的。

例句:I don’t like Jack and Tom speaking ill of each other in public places.分析:该句是简单句。

考研英语语法重难点精解动词

考研英语语法重难点精解动词

考研英语语法重难点精解动词情态动词+完成时 1. must have done表示对过去的肯定推测“一定发生了“。

例句:My pain must have been apparent the moment I walked into the room, for the first man I met asked sympathetically:“Are you feeling all right?” (1996 年第 2 题)分析:该句是复合句,the moment后引导一个时间状语从句;定语从句 I met前省略了关系代词whom。

译文:当我走进房间时,我的疼痛一定很明显。

因为我遇到的第一个人就同情地问我:“你还好吧?”2.can t have done表示对过去的否定推测“一定没发生“。

例句: You can t have seen him in his office last Sunday; he s been out of town for several weeks. 分析:该句是并列句。

译文:你上周日不可能在办公室见到他,因为他已经离开本镇好几个星期了。

3.could/may have done表示对过去的肯定推测,语气弱于must have done”很可能发生了”。

例句: Nelson could have won the game, with a little more training and a better manager o分析:该句是简单句,with a little more training and a better manager 相当于一个与过去事实相反的虚拟语气的从句,即:If he had had a little more training and a better manager. 译文:如果尼尔森再多加强训练,再有一个好的教练,他就能赢得比赛。

例句:The current state of affairsmay have been encouraged—though not justified—by the lack of legal penalty (in America, but not Europe) for data leakage.(选自2007年Text 4)分析:该句是复合句,though not justified的完整形式应是though it is not justified,其中it指代破折号前所叙述的内容。

初中英语语法学习之动名词难点分析

初中英语语法学习之动名词难点分析

初中英语语法学习之动名词难点分析动名词的被动形式和完成形式1)动名词有时需用被动形式,可作动词的宾语(a)或介词的宾语(b):a.He hates being interrupted.他不愿意被人打断。

He narrowly escaped being run over .他差点被车压了。

I appreciate being given this opportunity.我很感谢给了我这个机会。

I remembered being taken to Paris as a small child. 我记得小时候曾被带到巴黎。

Grace resented being called a baby.格雷斯讨厌别人叫他小宝宝。

He just missed being caught.他差点没被抓住。

She disliked being spoken to like that. 她不喜欢别人对她这样讲话。

We cannot help being touched by their zeal.我们禁不住被他们的热情所打动。

b.I object to being spoken to like that.我反对别人对我这样讲话。

He hoped to get out without being seen.他不希望不被人看见溜出来。

All laws have to be submitted to Parliament for ratification before being put into force.所有法律在实施前均需提交议会批准。

He ran away for fear of being hurt.他跑掉了,惟恐受到伤害。

Who can prevent their plans from being carried out?谁能阻止他们那些计划的实现?She is far from being pleased about it.对此她很不满意。

考研英语语法重难点精解动名词

考研英语语法重难点精解动名词

动名词是⼀种⾮谓语动词,它的形式与现在分词相同,具有名词和动词的某些特征,它可以带宾语、状语等构成动名词短语,在句中不能单独做谓语。

⼀、动名词的时态(Tense) 以动词do为例: 主动被动⼀般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 从上述表格可以看出,动名词和现在分词的时态完全相同,⽽⾮谓语动词之间的区别主要是⽤法上的区别。

动名词和现在分词形式相同,⽤法却⼤相径庭,动名词⼀般式表⽰的动作通常与谓语动词的动作⼏乎同时发⽣,⽽动名词的完成式则表⽰动作在谓语动词的动作之前已发⽣。

例句: Mr. Jankin regretted blaming his secretary for the mistake, for he later discovered it was his own fault.(regretted与blaming所表⽰动作⼏乎同时发⽣) 分析:该句是复合句。

动名词blaming在句中作宾语,it was his own fault是discovered的宾语从句。

译⽂:坚⾦先⽣后悔责怪秘书了,因为他后来发现是⾃⼰的过错。

例句: ——Did you find out who had stolen my watch? ——That child didn t admit having done that.(having done所表⽰动作在动词admit 前已经发⽣) 分析:前⼀分句是⼀复合句,who had stolen my watch作find out的宾语,后⼀分句是⼀简单句。

译⽂: ——你查出是谁把我的⼿表盗⾛了吗? ——那个孩⼦不承认是他⼲的。

例句: I appreciated having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.(having been given所表⽰动作在谓语动词appreciated之前已发⽣) 分析:该句是简单句。

考研英语语法重难点解析

考研英语语法重难点解析

考研英语语法重难点解析考研英语语法重难点解析代词指代一致是指指代的名词在性、数、格上是否一致,或者所照应的名词词组在某些方面保持一致。

下面是小编为你整理的“考研英语语法重难点解析(代词)”,希望能帮助到您。

一、人称代词(一)人称代词的主格、宾格人称代词的主格在句中作主语、表语,宾格作及物动词或介词的宾语,主格和宾格不可混用。

例句:When school was over,Jack and me went home together.分析: me应改为I,因为它处在主语的位置上。

例句:Each cigarette which a person smokes does some harm, and eventually he may get a serious disease from its effect. (1996年第14题)分析:该句是复合句,其中which a person smokes是修饰each cigarette的定语从句,he指代前面的`a person。

译文:一个人吸的每一支烟都对他的身体有害,最终他将因吸烟患上一种严重的疾病。

(二)it的用法1.代替除人以外的一切生物或事物(可代替单个词、词组或句子)。

例句:The ideal listener stays both inside and outside the music at the moment it is played and enjoys it almost as much as the composer at the moment he composes. (2000年第19题)分析:该句是复合句,其中he composes是省略了关系代词which/that的定语从句,修饰the moment, 而almost as much as the composer作状语修饰enjoys。

译文:理想的听众是当音乐奏响时既能置身其中又可超然其外的人,并且几乎可以像作曲家在创作音乐时那样享受音乐。

考研英语核心语法总结

考研英语核心语法总结

考研英语核心语法总结考研英语核心语法总结考研英语复习时要注意总结,核心语法是关键,下面整理了一些考研英语的核心语法,希望对大家有所帮助!一、非谓语动词(V+ing, V+ed)1、动名词(1)作主语和宾语[例句] Saying is easier than doing.[译文] 说比做容易。

(2)作介词宾语[例句] We get pleasure from loving and being loved.[译文] 我们从爱别人和被别人爱中得到快乐。

2、分词作定语(1)前置[例句] The beginning student should be given more encouragement.[译文] 初学者应多给予鼓励。

[例句] A balanced diet provides nutrition for your body.[译文] 均衡的食物使你的身体获得营养。

(2)后置[例句] Those living on a mountain live off the mountain.[译文] 靠山吃山。

[例句] Children disciplined when they are young will become good citizen.[译文] 小时候受过良好教育的儿童长大会成为好公民。

3、分词作状语[例句] Hearing the news, they immediately set offfor Shanghai.[译文] 听到这个消息,他们立即出发到上海去了。

[例句] Seen from the pagoda, the south foot of the Purple Mountain is a sea of trees.[译文] 从这个塔上远眺,紫金山南麓是树的海洋。

[例句] Printed white, the house looks bigger.[译文] 漆成白色后,这房子像是更大了。

考研英语 语法重难点精解 动词

考研英语 语法重难点精解 动词

考研英语语法重难点精解:动词动词的基本概念动词是英语中最重要的词性之一,它常常用来表示动作、状态、行为等。

在句子中,动词往往担任谓语的角色,指明其它成分的状态、行为、特点等。

动词在句子中的作用非常重要,因此考研英语中也经常会出现一些和动词相关的考点。

动词最常见的形式是原形、第三人称单数形式、过去式和过去分词。

以下是几种常见的动词:原形第三人称单数形式过去式过去分词go goes went goneeat eats ate eatenrun runs ran runhave has had hadbe is was been动词的时态时态是指动词用来表示时间的形式。

英语中有三种基本的时态:一般现在时、一般过去时和一般将来时。

除此之外,还有进行时、完成时、将来进行时、过去进行时、过去完成时、将来完成等时态。

一般现在时一般现在时是指表示现在经常、通常或规律性发生的事情。

例如:•I usually get up early in the morning.(我通常早上起床。

)•He always listens to music before he goes to bed.(他总是睡前听音乐。

)在一般现在时中,第三人称单数形式的动词要加上“-s”或“-es”,例如:•He watches TV every day.(他每天看电视。

)•She goes to school on foot.(她步行上学。

)一般过去时一般过去式是指表示过去某一时间发生的事件或状态。

•I went to the cinema last night.(我昨晚去了电影院。

)•She studied English in the UK when she was young.(她年轻时在英国学习英语。

)在一般过去式中,动词的过去式一般都是在原形后面加上“-ed”,但也有部分动词过去式是不规则的,需要记忆,例如:•write(写)- wrote(写过)•eat(吃)- ate(吃过)•go(去)- went(去过)一般将来时一般将来时表示将来某一时间会发生的事件或状态。

考研语法重难点总结

考研语法重难点总结

考研语法重难点总结考研英语中的语法部分一直是许多考生头疼的问题。

掌握好语法知识不仅能够在考试中获取更高的分数,还可以在日常英语应用中更准确地表达自己的意思。

本文将对考研语法部分的重难点进行总结,帮助考生更好地备考。

一. 时态1. 一般现在时一般现在时用于描述客观事实、经常性行为和现阶段的情况等。

例如:- The sun rises in the east.(太阳从东方升起。

)- We often go to the park on weekends.(我们经常在周末去公园。

)2. 一般过去时一般过去时用于指过去发生的动作和存在的状态。

例如:- I studied English yesterday.(我昨天学习了英语。

)- They lived in London for two years.(他们在伦敦住了两年。

)3. 现在进行时现在进行时用于表示具体的现在正在进行的动作。

例如:- She is reading a book at the moment.(她此刻在读书。

)- They are playing basketball in the park.(他们正在公园里打篮球。

)二. 语态1. 主动语态和被动语态的转换被动语态的构成为“be + 过去分词”,而主动语态则需要注意动作的发出者和承受者。

例如:- He broke the window.(主动语态)- The window was broken by him.(被动语态)2. 特殊句式中的被动语态在宾语从句、非谓语动词和情态动词后,被动语态的使用比较常见。

例如:- I was told that the meeting had been canceled.(我被告知会议已经取消了。

)- She wants to be invited to the party.(她希望被邀请参加派对。

)- The book should be returned to the library by tomorrow.(这本书应该在明天之前归还图书馆。

考研英语语法动名词

考研英语语法动名词

考研英语:语法(动名词) 考研英语:语法大全(动名词)动名词――意义、形式和特征1)动名词(gerund)为非限定动词的一种,由动词原形加词尾-ing构成,与现在分词同形,动名词有动词和名词的特征。

2)动名词的动词特征:a)动名词可以有宾语。

如:I have finished repairing that machine.我修完那台机器了。

b)动名词可以用状语来修饰。

如:They have started working in the apple-orchard.他们已经开始在苹果园里劳动了。

动名词加宾语或状语构成动名词短语,如上两例中的repairing that machine和working in the apple-orchard。

3)动名词的名词特征在句中可作主语、宾语等。

如:Getting up early is a good habit.起早是个好习惯。

(动名词getting up 作主语)The foreign visitors enjoyed seeing Chinese acrobatics.外宾喜欢看中国杂技。

(动名词seeing作宾语)用法:动名词可用作主语、表语、宾语、定语等。

1)作主语:Seeing is believing.百闻不如一见。

Reading aloud is very important in learning English.学习英语朗读很重要。

Looking down on women is feudal ideology.轻视妇女是封建意识。

[注]在下面结构中,亦可用引词讧作形式主语,把意义上的主语即动名词放在句末。

如:It's no use over spilt milk.牛奶打翻了哭也没有用。

(作无益的后悔没有用)It's no good talking about it.谈也无用。

2)作表语:Her job was looking after the pigs.她的工作是喂猪。

考研英语作文高分句型动名词

考研英语作文高分句型动名词

考研英语作文高分句型:动名词在考研英语作文中,使用恰当的句型是取得高分的必备条件之一。

动名词句型是考研英语作文中常用的一种句型,使用得当能够让文章看起来更加精炼、连贯,下面就来分享一些高分动名词句型的使用技巧。

动名词的概念动名词(Gerund)指的是在动词后面加上“-ing”形成的名词形式。

例如,“walking”、“running”等就是动名词。

动名词在句中可以充当主语、宾语、表语、定语等成分,使用灵活。

动名词的作用动名词句型在英语作文中的作用主要有以下几点:1. 表示行为的持续性动名词可以表示一个动作在持续进行中,常用于谈论一种习惯、爱好等长期的行为。

例如:•Studying English every day is helpful for improving your language skills.(每天学习英语有助于提高你的语言能力。

)•Swimming in the morning is a good way to keep fit.(早上游泳是保持身体健康的好方法。

)2. 表示动作的结果或效果动名词也可以表示一个动作所产生的结果或效果。

这种用法常用于描述一种因果关系。

例如:•Eating too much junk food can lead to obesity.(吃太多垃圾食品会导致肥胖。

)•Reading a lot of books can broaden your vision.(读很多书可以拓宽你的视野。

)3. 用于引导定语从句动名词可以用于引导一个定语从句,修饰名词。

例如:•The teacher who is teaching us English is very experienced.(教我们英语的老师非常有经验。

)•The movie based on the novel written by Hemingway is very popular.(基于海明威所著小说的电影很受欢迎。

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考研英语语法重难点精解动名词动名词是一种非谓语动词,它的形式与现在分词相同,具有名词和动词的某些特征,它可以带宾语、状语等构成动名词短语,在句中不能单独做谓语。

以动词do为例:主动被动一般式 doing being done 完成式 having done having been done 从上述表格可以看出,动名词和现在分词的时态完全相同,而非谓语动词之间的区别主要是用法上的区别。

动名词和现在分词形式相同,用法却大相径庭,动名词一般式表示的动作通常与谓语动词的动作几乎同时发生,而动名词的完成式则表示动作在谓语动词的动作之前已发生。

例句: Mr. Jankin regretted blaming his secretary for the mistake, for he later discovered it was his own fault.(regretted与blaming所表示动作几乎同时发生)分析:该句是复合句。

动名词blaming在句中作宾语,it was his own fault是discovered的宾语从句。

译文:坚金先生后悔责怪秘书了,因为他后来发现是自己的过错。

例句:——Did you find out who had stolen my watch?——That child didn?t admit having done that.(having done 所表示动作在动词admit 前已经发生)分析:前一分句是一复合句,who had stolen my watch作find out的宾语,后一分句是一简单句。

译文:——你查出是谁把我的手表盗走了吗?——那个孩子不承认是他干的。

例句: I appreciated having been given the opportunity to study abroad two years ago.(having been given所表示动作在谓语动词appreciated之前已发生)分析:该句是简单句。

译文:我很感谢两年前给我出guo进修的机会。

(一)充当主语例句: Knowing what you?re good at and doing even more of it creates excellence.(选自xx年Text 1)分析:该句是复合句,其中主语中what you?re good at作knowing的宾语。

译文:假如你了解自己在哪方面擅长并且更多地去实践就能创造辉煌。

例句: Doing your homework is a sure way to improve your test scores, and this is especially true when it es to classroom tests. (1998年第6题)分析:该句是复合句。

when引导一时间状语从句。

译文:做作业是提高你考试成绩的有效之策;对于随堂测试,该方法尤为可靠。

(二)充当表语例句: We should always keep in mind that our work is serving the people.分析:该句是复合句,其中that our work is serving the people在句中作keep的宾语,短语keep sth. in mind意为“牢记……”。

译文:我们应切实牢记我们的工作是为人民服务。

例句: Reading is learning, but applying is also learning and the more important kind of learning at that.分析:该句是并列句。

译文:读书是学习,但使用也是学习,而且是更重要的学习。

(三)充当宾语例句: Discussions at home can help kids practice doing these things and help them apply these skills to everyday life situations. (选自xx年Part B)分析:该句是简单句。

help kids practice...与help them apply...是两并列谓语。

译文:在家中的讨论可以帮助孩子练习这些事情,也可以帮助他们把这些技能应用到现实的生活中去。

例句: In dealing with a challenge on such a scale, it is no exaggeration to say “United we stand, divided we fall”.(xx年第50题)分析:该句是简单句。

其中it是形式主语,真正的主语是to say “United we stand, divided we fall”。

译文:在应对如此大规模的挑战时,我们可以毫不夸张地说:“联合,我们就生存;分裂,我们就灭亡”。

(四)充当定语例句: In the past, he was the only person in the village that could drive walking tractor, which made most of the villagers jealous.分析:该句是复合句。

that could drive walking tractor是修饰the only person的定语从句,非限制性定语从句which made most of the villagers jealous修饰的是前面整个句子。

译文:他过去是村里唯一会开拖拉机的人,这令大多数村民羡慕不已。

例句: The workers are busy building a listening room,which will have been finished by the end of this semester.分析:该句是复合句。

非限制性定语从句which will have been finished by the end of this semester修饰a listening room。

译文:工人们正在修建的语音室将在本学期末竣工。

动名词的逻辑主语,表明动名词动作的发出者。

能作动名词逻辑主语的词类有:物主代词、名词所有格(即名词所加“’s”,复数名词后以“s”结尾的,在其后加“’”)、名词通格(主格)或人称代词宾格。

例句: Nowhere in nature is aluminum found free, owing to its always being bined with other elements,most monly with oxygen. (1997年第2题)分析:该句是简单句。

nowhere置于句首引起倒装,owing to...在句中作状语。

译文:自然界中的任何地方都找不到游离态的铝,因为它总是与其他元素,即最常见的是氧元素结合在一起。

注意:(1)当逻辑主语是无生命名词或较长名词词组时,通常用名词通格(即主格)。

例句: Anyone with half an eye on the unemployment figures knew that the assertion about economic recovery being just around the corner was untrue.(1999年第1题)分析:该句是复合句。

其中动名词的复合结构economic recovery being just around the corner在句中作介词about的宾语,economic recovery作动名词being的逻辑主语,介词短语with half an eye on the unemployment figures作定语修饰anyone。

译文:任何人只要一看这些失业数据便知关于经济复苏即将来临的言论是不正确的。

例句: I don’t like Jack and Tom speaking ill of each other in public places.分析:该句是简单句。

Jack and Tom作speaking ill的逻辑主语。

译文:我不愿听到杰克和汤姆在公众场合说彼此坏话。

(2)当逻辑主语是someone, somebody, none, nobody,anyone, anybody等不定代词或this,that指示代词时,通常用名词通格(即主格)。

例句: Just when I was going to sleep, I was awakened by somebody knocking on the door.分析:该句是复合句。

somebody作动名词knocking的逻辑主语。

译文:我正要入睡时,有人敲门吵醒了我。

例句: I disapproved of that being said about the teacher,for he has his own good point.分析:该句是并列句。

指示代词that作动名词being said的逻辑主语。

译文:我不同意对老师那样的评价,因为他也有他的优点。

(3)当动名词在句中作主语时,逻辑主语用属格(即物主代词或名词所有格)。

例句: The student’s knowing French well helped him a lot in learning English.译文:掌握法语对于学习英语有很大的帮助。

动名词的否定形式与分词否定形式一样,由动名词前加not构成。

例句: She always has dozens of excellent excuses for not being able to help you.分析:该句是简单句。

not being able to help you是动名词的否定形式。

译文:对于未能帮助你,她总是有太多借口。

例句: She is considering not asking her mother to send her to the airport.分析:该句是简单句。

not asking...作considering的宾语。

译文:她正在考虑不让母亲送她去机场。

常见动词:admit, advise, avoid, appreciate, acknowledge, allow,anticipate, consider, plete, contemplate(预期、企图),defer, delay, deny, detest(厌恶), dread, dislike, enjoy,escape, excuse, endure, fancy, favor, finish, forgive,facilitate(促进), imagine, include, miss, mind, mention,permit, postpone, practice, prevent, propose, quit, recall,resent(怨恨), resist, risk, suggest, understand动词短语:can’t help, give up, leave off(停止), look forward to, object to, put off, sueed in, aim at, insist on, persist in, stick to, be good at, do well in, depend on, feel like,be tired(afraid/capable) of, austomed to, agree to, confess to(承认), submit to, see to, be(get/bee) used to, devote oneself to, prefer...to, adapt(adjust) to, apply to内容仅供参考。

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