-跨文化交际试卷A及答案
《跨文化交际》题集
《跨文化交际》题集一、选择题(每题10分,共100分)1.跨文化交际主要研究的是:A. 不同国家之间的政治关系B. 不同文化背景的人们之间的交流与互动C. 国际经济的合作与发展D. 全球气候变化的影响2.在跨文化交际中,哪种行为可能被视为不尊重他人?A. 直视对方的眼睛以示真诚B. 在交谈中频繁点头表示赞同C. 在未经允许的情况下触摸他人的头部D. 礼貌地询问对方的个人生活3.“高语境文化”与“低语境文化”的区别在于:A. 沟通中直接信息的多少B. 人们使用语言的频率C. 社会习俗的复杂性D. 对时间的重视程度4.下列哪项不属于非言语交际的形式?A. 肢体语言B. 面部表情C. 语音语调D. 书面文字5.在一些文化中,沉默可能被视为:A. 同意的标志B. 思考的表示C. 不尊重的行为D. 沟通的一种方式6.“文化休克”通常发生在:A. 一个人长时间处于自己的文化中B. 一个人初次接触并适应新的文化环境时C. 一个人对某种文化有深入了解之后D. 一个人在不同文化之间频繁切换时7.下列哪项是跨文化交际中常见的挑战?A. 语言障碍B. 价值观差异C. 沟通风格的不同D. 以上都是8.在一些文化中,时间被视为一种:A. 可以随意支配的资源B. 必须严格遵守的规则C. 可以用来建立社会关系的工具D. 以上都有可能是,取决于具体的文化9.“面子”在跨文化交际中是一个重要的概念,它通常指的是:A. 一个人的社会地位B. 一个人的自尊心和荣誉感C. 一个人在外貌上的吸引力D. 一个人在经济上的实力10.下列哪项不是促进跨文化交际有效性的策略?A. 增强文化意识B. 发展跨文化沟通技巧C. 避免与不同文化背景的人交往D. 尊重并适应不同的文化习俗二、填空题(每题10分,共50分)1.在跨文化交际中,__________是指由于文化差异而导致的沟通障碍或误解。
2.__________文化强调直接、明确的沟通方式,而__________文化则更注重含蓄和间接的表达。
跨文化交际试题A卷标准答案
(答案要注明各个要点的评分标准)I. For each problem in this part, you are presented with one situation with fourutterances underneath. Read the description on each situation with the utterances and decide which is/are the appropriate utterance(s) in that situation where communication is done inII. Explain the underlined idioms in the following sentences (13 points).1. It‟s not surprising the guy couldn‟t get to first base with his new business: he started with two strikes against him.To be difficult for somebody to succeed.2. Let‟s put this plan to the acid test by looking at the nuts and bolts of the deal."Let's put it to the acid test" means let's check if the plan is good or not by testing it really hard. "Looking at the nuts and bolts" means looking at all the detail. Someone has a big idea, but he must at some time "get down to the nuts and bolts.3. If we stop beating our heads against a brick wall, we would not appear to be such wimps. "Beating our heads against a brick wall" means “trying and trying when it is clear there will be no chance of success”.4. We need to be careful that the tail doesn‟t wag th e dog. the small details do not change the big decision5. Do not listen to John, he‟s got an ax to grind.“ To get an ax to grind” means “to have something hidden to get one ‟s own personal interests”. 6. She‟s not the least bit funny , in fact she‟s laid an egg.“To lay an egg” means “to “make a mistake”7. John dropped the ball on this one, and he‟s sure ticked off."Ticked off" means “annoyed”8. If you think we are on the same wavelength just give me a buzz, or we can play it by ear."On the same wave-length" means “ thinking the same thing”. “Give me a buzz” means “give me a ring. "Play it by ear" means “do not plan what people do, just let things happen as they may”.9. We need to stop dilly-dallying and get off the dime."dilly-dallying" mean s “wasting time”. "get off the dime" means“must start moving forward”.10. After his release from prison he decided he should walk the straight and narrow.“To walk the straight and narrow” means “To behave lawfully”.III. Find some unsuitable writing in the memorandum and rewrite them according to the intercultural communication strategies you learned. (27 points).Answer:Memo 1To: Jackson Pallock, Internal AuditorFrom: Mabelline Y urich, Sales Supervisor of CosmeticsSubject: Response to Request for New Life Cosmetics Sales RecordsDate: 18 February, 1995In reference to your request for last quarter‟s sales records for our line of New Life Cosmetics, I am unable to give them to you by March 12 as you requested.According to Section 6 of our policy manual (copy attached), “only the vice president for sales may release classified4 sales records internally or externally.”Cosmetics sales records are classified. The vice president for sales, Jack Peterson, is vacationing and cannot be reached until he returns to work March 17. Jack‟s assistant, Ms Mary Smith, told me that the records that you are desirous of can be sent immediately in toto if Jack approves their release when he returns next Thursday. She asked me to tell you that unfortunately we must hold your request in abeyance until he returns.I am sorry this happened, Mr Pallock. If you need information on manhours spent on sales, I can fill the bill now. Otherwise we will meet your request in due time if it is approved. Y ou‟ll still have time to complete your audit by March 30, though.Better writingTo: Jackson Pollock, Internal AuditorFrom: Mabelline Y urich, Sales Supervisor of CosmeticsSubject: Response to Request for New Life Cosmetics Sales RecordsDate: 18 February, 1995I have reviewed your request to see last quarter‟s New Life Cosmetics sales records by March 12 with Mary Smith, the assistant to the vice president of sales, Jack Peterson.Mary and I checked Section 6 of our policy manual and confirmed that Jack must give permission to release any classified records either internally or externally. All cosmetics sales records are classified. Jack is vacationing in Tibet and cannot be reached until he returns to work on March 17. Mary said that these records are complete and can be sent to you on March 17, if Jack approves.Should you need any unclassified cosmetics records to help you complete your audit by March 30,I can send them to you now. Records such as those of staff hours spent on selling cosmetics are unclassified. Call me at Extension 7165 to tell me what else you need, if anything.Memo 2To: Donna Crenshaw, Account ExecutiveFrom: Ernest Smithson, Account SupervisorSubject: Response to Request for a Change in the V acation ScheduleDate: January 17Y our trip to Paris sounds exciting. Many people are taking such trips, you want to switch your vacation to June 16 to 30 from May 1 to 15 so you can take the trip. But five people already chose that date. Only five people may vacation at one time.I checked with everyone in the department. Nobody is willing to change.I already checked with Mr Jones to see if he can let you go anyway. He said no.Y ou may switch to another two-week period. Y our parents might change their plans. However, keep your choice between May 16 and August 30. Also, do not choose August 1 to 15. I must know about any change by March 1, the deadline for setting vacation dates.Better Writing:To: Donna Crenshaw, Account ExecutiveFrom: Ernest Smithson, Account SupervisorSubject: Response to request for a Change in the V acation ScheduleDate: January 17Y our choice to vacation in Paris this summer with your parents does sound exciting. They were thoughtful to invite you to join them.As we discussed when you chose your vacation dates, only five people in the department may vacation during any two-week period. When I received your request to change your vacation from May 1 to 15 to June 16 to 30, I checked to see how many people are scheduled for vacation then. The roster showed that five people requested June 16 to 30.Next, I asked each of these five people if any of them will make a change. Having planned their vacations completely, all of them declined. Then, I asked Mr Jones if we might make an exception and let you go anyway. He declined, saying that we must meet the two thirds staffing requirement all summer to serve our customers adequately.Y ou may reschedule your vacation for another two-week period if that will help. Perhaps your parents can reschedule their vacation so this plan can work.. Any other two-week period between May 16 and August 30 is acceptable except August 1 to 15, when five people are scheduled already. If you do wish to make a change, please tell me before March 1, the deadline for setting vacation dates.Memo 3To: Mark Johnson, SalespersonFrom: Maria Cillias, ControllerDate: 23 December, 1995As per your request, we are processing your request for reimbursement of travel expenses for your December 2 to 5 trip to Denver. Y our attention is called to two items for which you are seeking reimbursement: tolls and taxicab fares. Y ou listed tolls totaling7 $10.50 and taxicab fares totaling $27.50 on the response form. but neglected to enclose receipts for these expenses. Company rules require that receipts be attached to the form for all expenses for which you seek reimbursement except meals and tips.To facilitate reimbursement of your travel expenses, will you kindly advise us whether you can furnish these receipts. When you comply with this constraint, we will reimburse you without further delay.Better Writing:To: Mark Johnson, SalespersonFrom: Maria Cillias, ControllerSubject: Reimbursement for Travel ExpensesDate: 23 December, 1995Y our request for reimbursement of travel expenses for your December 2 to 5 trip to Denver is now being processed. In reviewing the form you submitted for reimbursement, we noted that you listed tolls and taxicab fares for which no receipts were attached. Company procedures require that receipts be submitted for all refunded expenses except meals and tips. Will you please send us the receipts for .$10.50 in tolls and $27.50 in taxicab fares. Then, we can send you a check for $56.35, the full amount3 of your request.We will issue your reimbursement check within two days of receiving the receipts.IV. D ecide whether statements 1-10 are T rue or False according to the information you haveVI.Reading Comprehension (10 points)Read passage 1 and then answer the questions after the passage briefly. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1.What are the four main categories of distance for Americans?Intimate, Personal, Social, Public2.In America, how far apart should people who work together stand when communicating with each other?1.3m –2.00m3.At the international reception, why were Americans trying to adjust the distance between themselves and their Arab partners?Because of a different understanding between Americans and Arabs as to what is an appropriate distance between business partners.4.Why did the Arabs feel that the Americans were being …stand-offish‟?The Arabs wanted to stand close to, and even touch, their America business partners, but for the Americans such closeness is inappropriate in a business relationship.5. Why do young British people touch their friends more than older British people do?Because physical contact between people is much more common now than it was in the past.Read Passage 2 and then decide whether statements 1-5 are T rue or False according to the information given in the passage. Write “T" for true and“F”for false on the Answer Sheet. Passage 2VII. Case Analysis(15 points)Answer:Case 1 (7 points)Question:Why did Lin feel surprised? Offer some advice to him about adjusting to his new environment in America. (7 points)1) On the topic of hospitality,the Chinese stress is on warmth and demonstrating friendship.They take the guest to a famous or luxurious restaurant to have a very good (expensive) meal to show their hospitality.And the Chinese are used to having a big meal. The more dishes they put out,the greater the warmth and friendship they show.(2 points) 2) In western countries,people stress on freedom.They give the guest great freedom tochoose their own foods.And westerners tend to have only one main course and some juice or dessert,which is viewed as casual in the eyes of the Chinese.[Note ! If the student answers that Western people have only three courses,this is also correct!( 2 points)3) Lin lived in American surroundings and should have adjusted himself quickly to the new world (1ifestyle).He should have known the custom there first,and felt more at ease in Mike‟s home.( 3 points)Case 2 (8 points)Question:Why did Zhang T ao feel uneasy?In China,when people host someone,they put the guest in the place of honor to show hospitality.They try to take care of the guest,and try to make the guest feel comfortable and at ease.( 2 points)2)In America,people tend to give the guest great freedom and treat a guest more casually,naturally and truthfully. ( 2 points)3)Zhang Tao knew he was a guest,and thought in terms of Chinese expectations of hospitality.He thought Bill should treat him courteously instead of setting rules for him. ( 2 points)4)Since Zhang Tao lived in American surroundings,he should have known about the customs there sooner.( 2 points)。
跨文化交际专业试题及答案
跨文化交际专业试题及答案一、选择题1. 跨文化交际中,以下哪个行为最可能被视为不礼貌?A. 直接注视对方B. 握手C. 鞠躬D. 保持微笑答案:A2. 在美国,人们通常在什么情况下会使用“please”?A. 要求别人做事B. 表达感谢C. 表达歉意D. 表达同意答案:A3. 在日本,以下哪种行为被认为是尊重的表现?A. 直接进入别人的办公室B. 敲门并等待允许C. 未经允许就坐下D. 直接打断别人说话答案:B4. 在阿拉伯文化中,握手时通常不包括以下哪个动作?A. 用右手B. 保持眼神接触C. 持续时间较长D. 同时用左手触碰对方答案:D5. 在中国文化中,赠送礼物时以下哪个行为是不恰当的?A. 包装礼物B. 赠送钟表C. 赠送书籍D. 赠送鲜花答案:B二、简答题1. 描述跨文化交际中非言语交流的重要性。
答案:非言语交流在跨文化交际中起着至关重要的作用,因为它可以传达情感、态度和文化背景。
非言语交流包括肢体语言、面部表情、眼神交流、声音的音调和节奏等。
不同的文化对这些非言语信号有不同的解读,因此理解和正确使用非言语交流对于跨文化沟通的成功至关重要。
2. 解释文化冲击是什么,并给出一个例子。
答案:文化冲击是指一个人在进入一个新文化环境时,由于文化差异而经历的心理和情感上的困惑、焦虑和不适。
例如,一个习惯于个人主义文化的西方人,当他第一次来到一个强调集体主义的亚洲国家时,可能会对那里的团队合作和群体决策感到不适应,从而经历文化冲击。
三、论述题1. 论述在国际商务环境中,了解和尊重不同文化的重要性。
答案:在国际商务环境中,了解和尊重不同文化对于建立和维护商业关系至关重要。
首先,了解不同文化可以帮助我们更好地理解商业伙伴的行为和期望,从而避免误解和冲突。
其次,尊重文化差异可以展示我们的开放性和包容性,这有助于建立信任和尊重,是长期合作关系的基石。
此外,跨文化交际能力也是全球化时代商务人士的重要技能,能够帮助企业在多元文化市场中取得成功。
跨文化交际试题及答案
跨文化交际试题及答案一、选择题(每题2分,共40分)1. 跨文化交际的定义是指:A. 不同国家和地区间的交际活动B. 不同民族和文化背景间的交际活动C. 同一文化内部的交际活动D. 不同语言之间的交际活动答案:B2. 文化差异会对跨文化交际产生以下哪种影响?A. 理解困难B. 语言障碍C. 价值观冲突D. 人际关系紧张答案:A、C3. 在跨文化交际中,以下哪种行为被认为是失礼的?A. 目光接触B. 握手问候C. 低头鞠躬D. 打招呼时用双手表示敬意答案:C4. 在中国文化中,以下哪种颜色象征喜庆和幸福?A. 黑色B. 红色C. 绿色D. 白色答案:B5. 在进行跨文化交际时,以下哪种策略是最有效的?A. 强调自己的文化优势B. 忽视文化差异C. 遵守对方的文化规范D. 强迫对方接受自己的文化观念答案:C二、简答题(每题10分,共30分)1. 请简要阐述跨文化交际的重要性以及其中存在的挑战。
答案:跨文化交际的重要性在于增进各国间的相互了解和友谊,推动跨国合作和发展。
然而,跨文化交际也面临着重重挑战,如语言沟通障碍、文化差异带来的不解和冲突,以及对他人观点和习俗的理解困难等。
2. 在国际商务谈判中,如何合理利用非语言交际手段?答案:在国际商务谈判中,非语言交际手段可以帮助加强沟通效果。
可以通过身体语言表达自信和诚意,比如坐姿、目光接触和手势运用等;可以通过服饰和礼仪来展示对对方文化的尊重;还可以通过图表和演示文稿等视觉媒介来辅助表达和说明。
3. 请简要解释文化冲突是如何产生的,并提出解决文化冲突的建议。
答案:文化冲突是由于不同文化之间的差异而产生的,当个体或群体面对不熟悉的文化规范和价值观时,可能会感到困惑和不满。
为解决文化冲突,建议应采取以下措施:学习和了解对方文化,加强跨文化交际能力;尊重差异,避免对他人价值观的评判和偏见;建立良好的沟通渠道,积极解释自己的观点并倾听对方的意见;寻求共同利益和双赢的解决方案。
跨文化交际考试试题附答案
《跨文化交际》试题(附答案)Paper 1 Communication AnalysisThe following are three different cases of cross-cultural communication. In each of the cases there is something to be improvedupon. Write an analysis on what is to be desired for more successfulcommunication or cultural understanding.?Question 1Case 1:Chen Bing, a Chinese tour guide, is talking to a Canadian tourist,Luke Baines, who has no knowledge of Chinese at all. They are havingdinner in a restaurant.Chen: This is Beijing duck, one of China's most famous dishes. You'lllove it!Luke: No, thanks. I don't like duck. I prefer chicken.? Question 2Case 2:Feng Li and Tom have been working on a scientific experiment at aBritish university for some months. It has not been totally successful.They are discussing the situation in the laboratory.Feng Li: I don't know where it went wrong!Tom, Don't feel so bad. Cheer up, you've done your job. Feng Li: But our experiment has turned out to be a failure. Tom: Relax for a couple of days. I'll face the music.Feng Li: Tom, we are not playing children's games here. This is ascientific experiment.Tom, I've never taken the experiment as child' s play, and I'm playingthe game.Feng Li: You say you're playing the game! It's a rather importantexperiment!Feng Li walks out of the Laboratory angrily. Tom is puzzled.? Question 3Case 3:This is a more complex situation where there are several thingsrequire more informed cultural analysis. Find the cultural problemsand explain the cultural differences. Jim and Li Zhen were studentsafterlater, year A Britain. in University Leeds at together graduating, Jim went to Shanghai as a visiting scholar on a year'sexchange.Jim had never been to China before. Li Zhen took him to a classicalpiano concert performed by a famous Chinese pianist. During the performance people were talking and at one stage someone ran up ontothe stage and presented the pianist with a bunch of flowers duringthe playing of a particular musical item. This happened several timesduring the evening. It also happened when two singers were on stagesinging some songs that he was playing. Jim thought all thesequite strange. At the end of the performance the audience applaudedthe pianist and he applauded them. The audience began to leave whilethe pianist remained on the stage.?Paper 2 VocabularyChoose one word or expression from those in the box below to fill thegap in each of the sentences. Write the correct words in the spacesprovided in your answer sheet. Do not change the forms of the words.?4. After twenty five years working in the bank she decided onadifferent .5. Finally, after arguing about the meal for five minutes it wasdecided he would .6. Despite the circumstances of the accident there were still somethat needed explanation.7. There are many different used when talking about people'srelationships in China.8. Mike! Meet Jane, the .9. Ok, the argument is over. Let's forget it, you know.10. People in English speaking countries also avoid losing face orhurting other people by telling .11. It is difficult for foreigners to understand British pub culture,especially the system of which all members of the group areexpected to join in.12. It was a crushing blow to her, a hit when she receivedthe news that her husband had left her for another woman. 13. In China there is a real sense of in social situations.?Paper 3 Translation?Translate the following passage from English into Chinese. Pleasewrite your translation on the answer sheet.?What do we mean by Intercultural Communications or IC? This is not a description of the popular trend toward talking about international things or going overseas. IC is actually an academicand applied discipline that has developed internationally since the1950s. Sometimes called cross-cultural communications or comparative culture , scholars most often use the prefix inter with the word cultural to describe the interaction between cultures.On one level, IC is represented by culture studies, where we examinethe political, economic and lifestyle systems of other countries. Onanother level, it is applied linguistics, where we seek tounderstandthe relationship between language and culture. Many Chinese Englishteachers and professors have been interested in this aspect since the1980s - How to teach English in ways that help students also learnthe basic communication practices of Britain, the US or other Englishspeaking countries.?But the discipline of Intercultural Communications is actually a broad and well-developed field of study. IC is an interdisciplinaryapplication of fields like cultural anthropology, sociology, psychology (and social psychology), communication studies, appliedlinguistics and educational pedagogy. IC is a comprehensive attemptto understand all aspects of human cultures and how they interact witheach other.?To understand Intercultural Communications, we seek tounderstand tradition and modernization, consistency and change. Aswe understand some of the ongoing national characteristics of a people,we can examine how this culture is seen from the outside, how itinteracts with other cultures and how it is changing. In the lastthirty odd years, scholars have developed both theoretical frameworkconsideringfor dimensions practical some and cultures comparing for the similarity and differences between them. One level of intercultural comparison is Cultural Identity. Another level ofcomparison is Verbal Communication. Another area receiving muchattention is Nonverbal Communication.?Paper 4 ReadingPassage 1 Questions 15-20?In recent years criticisms have been voiced concerning sexist biasin the English language. It has been argued that some of the vocabularyand grammar we use reflects and reinforces a traditional view of theworld as one in which men are dominant and women play a secondary role.Take the word 'chairman' for example. While this can in fact applyto people of both sexes, it appears to some people to be male-orientedas it ends in 'man'. In the past people taking the role of chairmanwere exclusively male and the word was obviously originally a compoundof 'chair' and 'man'. Many English speakers, however, have ceased toview this word as a compound and no more feel it to be composed ofthese two units, than they perceive cupboard to be a composite of 'cup' and ' board'. In addition the continued use of chairman mightbe defended on the grounds that the final syllable is pronounced /m'n/rather than /mn/, just like the final syllable of woman. Despite suchconsiderations other speakers take a contrary view and are sensitiveto the components of which it is made up. They clearly perceive itas a title that perpetuates traditional ideas about the place of womenin society. For this reason they seek to replace it with neutral termssuch as 'chairperson' or 'chair', so that it is now possible to askquestions such as; 'Who is chair of the committee?'Other changes advocated include the replacement of words suchas 'postman', 'fireman' and 'policeman' with more clearly neutralterms such as 'postal worker', fire-fighter' and 'police officer'.There is, however, continuing controversy about how far suchlanguagechanges should go. Should changes be considered for traditional idiomsas 'man in the street' and titles such as 'Peking Man'? What aboutthose words where the male meaning of 'man' is no longer dominant,such as 'manhandle'?To the extent that changes have taken place, they have done somore in the written language and formal pronouncements than in everyday speech. You would be quite likely to read in the paper that'Postal workers are to receive a pay increase.' But 'Has the postmanbeen?' would be most likely to be heard in informal conversation. Here'postman' remains firmly entrenched in popular usage.The extent to which language reflects and shapes attitudes and behaviors is a matter of conjecture. Chinese, Japanese, Persian andTurkish do not make the kinds of sex distinctions English makesthroughits system of pronouns, but it would be difficult to maintain thatmales who speak these languages are less sexist than males who speakEnglish!?Answer the following questions according to the above text:?15. The general use of the word 'man' added to English words indicates .A. sexual feelingsB. sexual freedomC. sexist ideasD. sexist bias .16. Generally where language and sex are concerned in Britain .A. all people agree change is neededB. some people agree change is neededC. people can't make up their minds on the issueD. people think the issue is unimportant and not serious17. What example does the author give to support a defense of the word'chairman'?18. What does the author argue for when the example 'manhandle' isgiven?19. What does the author have to say about the impact of language changes?20. What is the author's argument in the final paragraph?? Passage 2 Questions 21-27Can Computers Do a Better Job Rating Stocks?Since May, Charles Schwab has been providing stock ratings to clientsusing a computerized system that it says tries to remove human bias.In particular, Schwab says, its system is meant to avoid theconflicts of interest that have plagued traditional brokerage firms,whose research analysts have often acted as cheerleaders for companiesbeing courted by their investment bankers.We believe that our single biggest advantage is our objectivity, said Jerry Chafkin, Schwab's executive vice presidentfor investment advice and products. While the development of thesystematicallyperformed being is analysis the human, is methodologyand automatically.Though Schwab is perhaps the most prominent financial services company to use a computer-driven rating system, several others, including Value Line and Zacks Investment Research, pick stocks ina similar way.The various systems produce very different ratings of individualstocks, and their ability to outperform a market index fund over timehas not been proved conclusively. The verdict is still out as towhether computers do it better than people. What is clear, though,is that the major computerized systems hand out fewer positive stockratings than do Wall Street analysts, who seem to give them out verygenerously.People who run computerized selection systems criticizetraditional Wall Street analysis as having institutional conflictsof interest, as well as individual bias. I am very suspicious aboutopinions and judgments and emotions by humans in individual stockselection, said Samuel Eisenstadt, Value Line's research director.However, the computer-driven stock-picking systems must rely onthe selection criteria of their creators. All try to isolate factorsthat their developers believe have the greatest ability to predictshare prices. Most models compare a company9s historical earningsgrowth with that of other companies. And many track the extent to whichearnings have surprised analysts.Many firms use their computer-based stock-rating systems asmarketing tools.The designers of these systems say they should be judged on howa group of stocks performs over time. But all the systems assume, asdo stock analysts on Wall Street, that superior research, by humans,and analysis can select a group of stocks that will outperform themarket averages over the long run.Market analysts say it is too soon to assess the fledgling Schwabsystem or new models, like Microsoft's year-old Stock-Scouter? Mark the following statements True (T) / False (F) / Not Given (NG)according to the information provided in the text.?Write T, or F or NG on your answer sheet in the spaces provided forquestions.?21. Charles Schwab is a computer company.22. The method of operation by Schwab is done automatically.23. 'Value Line' and 'Zacks' have similar operating methods to Schwab.24. There is no conclusive proof that computers perform better thanhumans.25. Wall Street analysts are generous in rating stocks.26. Human beings make value judgments according to the research director of 'Value Line'.27. Analysts are surprised at the growth rate of share prices. 答案及评分标准?Paper 1: Communication Analysis●The following points should be covered in the analysis.●Award one point for each of the points covered (underlined). Paper 2: Vocabulary●One point for each item.●Answers must be the same as the key.4. vocation5. foot the bill6. grey areas7. kin terms8. trouble and strife 9. live and let live10. white lies 11. buying a round12. below the belt 13. communityPaper 3: Translation14.“跨文化交际”或“IC”是指什么呢?这并不是对于谈论国际事务或出国大潮的描述。
(完整word版)-跨文化交际试卷A及答案
……………………………………………………………………………………………………Part ⅠDecide whether the following 10 statements are True or False. Write the answers in the blanks. (2% for each, 20%)1. People do not exchange greetings with people almost every day.2. If you want to know where a person was born, you can ask “Where are you originally from?”3. For women, in more informal business situations, should dress in a conservative suit or a well tailored dress.4. Conversations about children and family usually do not have their place in “networking ” situations for business.5. At conventions, it is absolutely necessary to participate or at least make an appearance at most organized functions.6. If you are the hostess, don ’t insist that someone else drink and don ’t over serve.7. There are enough people in the world who have problems mastering vehicles andphones individually.8. It is advisable not to wear the earpiece when we are not on the phone.9. Overdrinking alcohol can lower a person’s inhibitions and alter his judgment.10. Most meetings are unnecessary; they are just a way of making people feel important.1.在地球村里,国家就像一个大家庭,各大洲就像是邻居。
跨文化交际期末试题及答案
跨文化交际期末试题及答案试题一:1. 跨文化交际的概念是什么?2. 跨文化交际中可能遇到的困难有哪些?如何应对?3. 请列举两个不同文化背景下的沟通误解,并说明产生误解的原因。
4. 如何加强跨文化交际的能力?5. 请描述一次成功的跨文化交际经历,并谈谈你从中学到了什么。
答案如下:1. 跨文化交际是指不同文化背景的个体之间进行信息传递和相互理解的过程。
它涉及到语言、行为、价值观等方面的差异,需要在尊重和理解对方文化的基础上进行有效交流。
2. 在跨文化交际中,可能遇到语言障碍、文化差异导致的误解、价值观冲突等困难。
要应对这些困难,首先需要学习对方的语言,尽量减少语言障碍。
其次,要了解对方文化的特点,避免由于文化差异而引起的误解。
最后,要保持开放心态,尊重不同的价值观,通过倾听和理解来解决潜在的冲突。
3. (1)例子一:在西方国家,直接表达意见被视为开放和直率的表现,但在东方文化中,过于直接的表达会被视为冒犯和不尊重他人。
这种差异可能导致沟通中的误解和冲突。
原因:西方文化注重个人主义和直接表达,而东方文化注重集体主义和含蓄表达。
双方的价值观和文化习惯差异导致了沟通误解。
(2)例子二:在某些非洲国家,左手被视为不洁之手,不可用于触摸或传递物品;而在西方国家,左手并没有特殊的意义。
如果一个西方人无意中用左手递给非洲人物品,可能会被视为不尊重对方的文化。
原因:非洲文化中,左手被认为是不洁的,使用左手被视为不尊重和不礼貌的行为。
而在西方文化中,没有类似的禁忌。
4. 加强跨文化交际的能力需要多方面的努力。
首先,要增加对不同文化背景的了解,包括语言、历史、价值观等方面。
其次,要培养跨文化沟通的敏感性和意识,学会观察和尊重不同文化之间的差异。
此外,多与来自不同文化的人交流,积累经验和技巧,不断提升自己的跨文化交际水平。
5. 描述一次成功的跨文化交际经历,得以学习到很多。
我在一次国际研讨会上结识了一位来自日本的研究者。
《跨文化交际》考试试卷及答案
《跨文化社交》考试一试卷Section I Listening Test[20 points]Part 1. Questions 1- 5 are based on this part. (10 points)You are going to listen to a panel discussion between two people on animal behavior. Choose the best answer from A, B, C and D for each question. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. Madam Chair states that chimpanzee's altruism __________.A. is similar to that of beesB. may contain an element of self-interestC. is part of a group feeding systemD. is not a mutual-aid system2.Worker beeswork hard looking for food for 2 or 3 weeks, __________. A.and then die, leaving no offspringB. and then feed their offspringC. but die before feeding their offspringD. and then produce their offspring3.Chimpanzees who don't do their share of grooming are __________ by the group.A.criticizedB.acceptedC.exchangedD.rejected4.Male lions will cooperate in groups comprising __________. A.brothersB. brothers and sistersC. brothers and sisters and daughtersD. brothers and sisters and daughters and aunts5.Which of the following animals are being discussed in the conversation?A.bees,dogs, and lionsB.bees,chimpanzees, and fishC.bees,chimpanzees, and lions.D.chimpanzees , lions, and dogsPart 2. Questions 6-15 are based on this part. (10 points)You are going to listen to part of a lecture. As you listen, fill in the blanks with words from the lecture to complete the sentences that summarize the main points of the lecture. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet. Note: Each blank requires only ONE word.People communicate with one another all the time. Culture is regarded at the __6___ of communication challenges and it influences how people __7___ problems and participate in groups and in ___8___.One definition of culture given in the lecture is that "Culture refers to a group with which we share common experiences that __9___ how we understand the world."In the complex world, culture is one of the factors that act upon people. Anthropologists Keven Avruch and Peter Black explained that "culture provides the lens through which we view the world; the __10___ by which we order it; the _11___ by which the world makes sense."Since people coming from different cultural groups need to work together, cultural values sometimes __12___ and misunderstanding arises.The speaker mentioned six patterns of cultural differences which include: different communication styles, attitudes toward conflict, approaches to ___13____ tasks, decision making styles, attitudes toward __14___, and approaches to knowing.When talking about communication style, the speaker introduced two aspects: verbal and non-verbal communication. Non-verbal communication includes facial expressions, __15___, seating arrangements, personal distance, and senseof time.This is the end of the Listening Test.Section II Communicative Competence[30 points]Questions 16-30: Choose the best answer from A, B, C and D. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.16. Which of the following statements is TRUE of collectivism? __________A. Collectivist cultures are described as "I" cultures.B. Members of collectivist cultures value open discussion of disagreement.C. Uniformity and conformity are stressedin collectivist cultures.D. Collectivists tend to draw attention to themselves and expressunique opinions.17.Just now I suddenly realized that I was totally to blame. I'll just have to face the music. The underlined part here means __________.A.to go to a concert and forget anything else by enjoying the musicB.to relax oneself by listening to the music aloneD. to go to seethe person who is in charge and ask what has gone wrong18. Which of the following statements is NOT true? __________A.Individualism can be traced to the philosophy of liberalism.B.The basic social unit in collectivist cultures is the autonomous self.C. Eastern collectivism is tied to Confucianism.D. Culture shock may occur at the individualist-collectivist divide, but the gap can be bridged.19. Bob is great! He always plays the game. The underlined part has the same meaning as__________.A.takes something as a game without caring too muchB.plays various gamesC.helps others when playing gamesD.behavesin a fair and honorable way20. Which of the following first names is shortened as "Bob"? __________A.RobertB.WilliamC.AlexanderD.Peter21. Which of the following statements is TRUE of the roots of English names? __________A."Forester" came from personal characteristics.B."Young" came from occupations.C."O'Patrick" came from family relationships.D. "Butler" came from places.22.If you received an English invitation to a formal western banquet but could not attend it, what would be an appropriate action? __________A. Ask a friend to attend the banquet for you.B. Ask a colleague to phone a refusal.C. Accept the invitation but then not attend.D. Write a reply informing the host/hostessthat you could not attend the banquet.23.Your American colleague has just had her hair dyed green. She is expecting your comment. What would you say appropriately? __________A. "Your hair is as green as tree leaves."24.Your classmate from Britain would like to borrow your computer this weekend. Unfortunately, you need to use it at the same time. How would you refuse the request politely? __________A. "Well, why don't you borrow one from someone else?"B. "Sorry, I cannot lend it to you."C. "Yes, but you need to give it back to me as soon as possible."D. "I'd love to, but I'm afraid I've got a lot of things to type up as well."25. Trying to explain rock music to your grandfather is just like dui niu tan qin ( 对牛弹琴)-playing violin to a bull. The corresponding English expression is __________. A.casting pearls before swineB. casting diamonds to a dogC. throwing pearls to a pigD. throwing diamonds to a goat26. Which of the following statements is TRUE of non-verbal communication? __________A. Non-verbal communication serves a variety of purposes.B. Non-verbal communication is less important than verbal communication.C. Since non-verbal communication is hard to interpret, it is important to reduce it to the minimum in cross-cultural communication.D. Non-verbal communication is not effective without verbal communication.27.The idiom "by the skin of one's teeth" means __________.A. very thinB. hard and flexibleC. only justD. one'ssenseof right and wrong28.What does the ring gesture (you form an "O" by holding the tip of your forefinger to the tip of your thumb) mean in Britain? __________A.Something is expensive.B.Something is good.C.Something is worthless.D.I will kill you.29. Which of the following statements is NOT true? __________A. Proxemics is the study governing how closely one person standsto another.B. All cultures draw lines between appropriate and inappropriate social distance for different relationships.C. Social distance has a wider range than public distance.D. The appropriateness of physical contact varies between cultures.30.If someone is said to be "economical with the truth", he/she __________A. has saveda lot of moneyB.does not tell the whole truthC. usesvery few wordsD. has recently diedSection III Reading Comprehension[30 points]Part 1. Questions 31- 35 are based on Passage1. (10 points)A handshake will be an acceptable greeting around the world. However, the strength, length, and duration of a handshake will vary by culture. Of course, Japanesewill still bow to each other and it is advisable for foreign visitors to bow slightly when shaking hands. Mexicans who know eachother will hug and East Europeans may kiss. In many European countries it is common to shake hands with everyone in the room before and after each businessmeeting.Business card exchanges are an important part of any international business meeting. Variations include where to keep your cards, which languages the card should be in, and what to do with the business card once you have received it. One rule to follow: Always bring five times more cards than you think you will need. To explore the nuances of business card exchange, we will examine the exchange as carried out by an American in Japan.First, the cards should be in English on one side and Japanese on the other. The Japanese side should have a logo or other marker. It is important that the company and title be prominently positioned. The cards should be kept in a card holder in the vest or jacket. Never keep the cards in a wallet or a pocketbook. The presentation of the card is done at the beginning of the meeting.Cards are presented with the giver's name (Japanese side) facing the recipient. The card can be delivered by one or preferably two hands accompanied by a slight bow. On receipt of a card, it should be studied carefully to determine the status of the person. Since meetings usually involve more than one person, each card received should be placed on the table, like an open deck of cards, in front of the recipient so that the executive can tell who he or she is speaking with. The recipient should avoid shuffling the cards, placing them in one's wallet, or writing on them in the presence of the giver. The business card is the symbolic embodiment of the organization; therefore it should be treated with the utmost respect.As a general rule, use people's titles on international business assignments. Learn the appropriate titles for each country. People with Ph.D.s should always be referred to as 'Doctor'. In many countries, people will be referred to by their titles only. For example, "Chief Engineer, can you tell us how this operation works?" The use of first names in business also varies by country and age. Be alert to these differences.Questions 31-35: Decide whether the following statements are true, false, or not mentioned according to the passage. Write T for "true", F for "false", and NM for "not mentioned" on the Answer Sheet._______31. Generally speaking, in Europe you should shake hands with everybody at the beginning and the end of a meeting._______32. You should always take at least five more business cards than you expect to need on your business trips._______33. In Japan, the person's status should be clearly given on the card._______34. It is acceptable for an American to note something down on a Japanesebusiness cardto remind him of the person who gave it to him._______35. The Japanesebusiness card is more than just a reminder of who the person is. It also representsthe company he works for.Part 2. Questions 36-40 are based on Passage2. (10 points)Passage2In an effort to get over culture shock, there is value in knowing something about the nature of culture and its relationship to the individual. In addition to living in a physical environment, an individual lives in a cultural environment consisting of manmade physical objects, social institutions, ideas and beliefs.An individual is not born with culture but only with the capacity to learn it and use it. There is nothing in a newborn child which dictates that it should eventually speak Portuguese, English, or French, nor that it should eat with a fork in its left hand rather than in the right, or use chopsticks. All these things the child has to learn. Nor are the parents responsible for the culture which theytransmit to their young. The culture of any people is the product of history and is built up over time largely through processes which are, as far as the individual is concerned, beyond his/her awareness. It is by means of culture that the young learn to adapt themselves to the physical environment and to the people with whom they associate.As we know, children and adolescents often experience difficulties in this process of learning and adjustment. But once learned, culture becomes a way of life, the sure, familiar, largely automatic way of getting what you want from your environment and as such it also becomes a value.People have a way of accepting their culture as both the best and the only way of doing things. This is perfectly normal and understandable. To this attitude we give the name ethnocentrism, a belief that not only the culture but the race and nation form the center of the world.Individuals identify themselves with their own group and its ways to the extent that any critical comment is taken as an affront to the individual as well as to the group. If you criticize my country, you are criticizing me. If you criticize me, you are criticizing my country.Along with this attitude goes the tendency to attribute all individual peculiarities as national characteristics. For instance, if an American does something odd or antisocial in a foreign country which back home would be considered a purely individual act, it is now considered a national trait.Instead of being censured as an individual, his country is censured. It is best to recognize that ethnocentrism is a characteristic of national groups. If a person criticizes some aspect of one's ownculture, one should listen but not enter into criticisms.Questions 36-40: Choose the best answer from A, B, C and D. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.36. According to the passage,which of the following choices is NOT mentioned as an element in acultural environment?A.social institutionsB.beliefsC.historyD.physical objects37. What is the writer's stand about culture?A. Parentsare responsible for transmitting culture to their children.B. Children are born with culture.C. Culture needs to be taught to young people.D. Culture builds up over time and guides young people to adjust to environment.38.According to the passage, what is NOT suggested by the writer as a symptom of ethnocentrism?A. Regarding cultures containing similar values as the best cultures.B. Regarding home culture is superior to other cultures.39. What is the writer's attitude towards ethnocentrism in the article?A.positiveB.negativeC.neutralD.indifferent40.What does the word "censure" mean in the article?A. praiseB. criticizeC. evaluateD. judgePart 3. Questions 41- 45 are based on Passage3. (10 points)Passage3The Chinese make a clear distinction between insiders and outsiders, and this distinction exists on all levels of interpersonal interaction. Insiders consist of people from two categories: automatic and selected. Automatic insiders include one's parents, siblings, relatives, colleagues, andclassmates, whereas selected ones are special relations that one has developed over time at workor elsewhere. For example, a person is considered an insider at work after he or she has developeda special relationship by helping others and sharing information with others. The five common criteria of an insider are nice, trustworthy, caring, helpful, and empathetic.The distinction between an insider and an outsider provides specific rules of interaction in Chinese interpersonal relationships. Insiders often are treated differently from outsiders, and a person with insider status often enjoys privileges and special treatment beyond an outsider's comprehension. To illustrate, a Chinese person may go beyond his or her means to help an insider, but an outsider has to follow the rules. The insider-outsider distinction also involves moral implications. In the Chinese culture, moral judgments are not only cognitively but affectively based. Moral standstendto vary from one relationship to another.Family-centered "insider" relationships have two important implications for relationshipdevelopment with strangers. First, as King and Bond argue, the importance of family and the sense of dependency built up in the Chinese family system make it difficult to develop personal relationships with strangers. In the Chinese culture, the transformation from a wai ren (outsider) to a zi ji ren (insider) involves an arduous and time-consuming process, because personal relationships often take a long time to develop. After relationships have been established, however, they tend to stay very solid. As a result, in order to overcome the inherent difficulty in relationship development, intermediaries are widely used for social relationship construction. Second, the Chinese and other collectivistic cultures tend to be particularistic in their utilization of value standards toward in-groups and out-groups. This particularistic principle of interpersonal relationships hinders interactions with outsiders becausevalue standards applied to in-groups may not be readily adapted to out-groups, and most Chinese don't feel knowledgeable about dealing with outsiders.Questions 41-45: Answer the following questions briefly. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.41.According to the author, what are the five common criteria of an insider?42.How do automatic insiders differ from selected ones?43. What example does the author give to show that insiders are treated differently from outsiders?44. According to the author, what makes it difficult for a Chinese person to develop a personal relationship with a stranger?45. What might be an appropriate title for this passage?Section IV Communication Analysis[20 points]The following are two cases of cross-cultural communication. In each of the cases there is something to be improved upon. Write an analysis on what is to be desired for more successful communication or cultural understanding. Your analysis should be about 100 words for each case. You may organize your analysis in accordance with the following procedure: why did the people involved behave so from the cultural perspective? What behaviors caused the misunderstanding in the case?What corrective behaviors do you suggestto each party in the case?Note: Your writing ability will be assessed.Case 1 (10 points)Li Hong is a new teacher in a middle school. One day, one of her Chinese colleague Yang Zhen introduces her to their middle-aged foreign teacher Maggy.Yang: Li Hong, this is Maggy, our English teacher from America. And Maggy, this is Li Hong, ournew colleague.Li and Maggy: How do you do?Maggy: Your sweateris so smart.Li: Oh, it is only an old one, I bought it last year.Maggy: You are so young and smart, I am sure you are a good teacher.Li: No, no. I am just a newcomer, I should learn from you old teachers.Maggy looks surprised and thinks, "I am really so old?"Question 46: Why did Li and Maggy behave so from the cultural perspective? What behaviors caused the misunderstanding in the case? What corrective behaviors do you suggest to Li and Maggy to avoid miscommunication?Case 2 (10 points)Li has returned to China after a year in the States. He marries his childhood sweetheart, who has never traveled and speaks very little English. Li's best friend in the States, Bob, comes to visit China for the first time and is introduced to Wang Lan, the new wife of his best friend."Gee, it's great to meet you", says Bob, "Li talked about you all the time back in Houston!" , and kisses Wang Lan heartily on both cheeks. Wang Lan is shocked.Question 47: Why did Bob and Wang Lan behave so from the cultural perspective? What behaviors caused the misunderstanding in the case? What corrective behaviors do you suggest to Bob and Wang Lan to avoid miscommunication?《跨文化社交》考试参照答案[20 points]Section I Listening TestPart 1. (10 points, 2 points each.)Part 2. (10 points, 1 point each. 0.5 point off for each misspelling.)6.root7.approachmunities9.shape10.logic11.grammar12.conflictpleting14.disclosure15.gesturesSection II Communicative Competence [30 points](30 points, 2 points each.)16. C 17. C 18. B 19. D 20. A21. C 22. D 23. B 24. D 25. A26. A 27. C 28. B 29. C 30. BSection III Reading Comprehension [30 points]31.T32.F33.NM34.F35.TPart 2. (10 points. Award 2 points to each correct answer.)36. C37.D38.A39.C40.BPart 3. (10 points) Award 2 points to each correct answer.41.The five common criteria of an insider are nice, trustworthy, caring, helpful, and empathetic.42.Automatic insiders include one's parents, siblings, relatives, colleagues, and classmates, whereas selected ones are special relations that one has developed over time at work or elsewhere.43.A Chinese person may go beyond his or her means to help an insider, but an outsider has to follow the rules.44. The importance of family and the sense of dependency built up in the Chinese family system (or value standardsapplied to in-groups may not be readily adaptedto out-groups).45.In-Groups and Out-Groups in China; Interpersonal Relations in China; Relating Foreigners in China, etc.Section IV Communication Analysis[30 points]The sample answers given in this part are more detailed than required in order to lead you through the three steps.In the examination, the students' analysis for each caseshould be about 100 words. Question 46.Case 1 (10 points, 1 point for overall language quality.)1.Li Hong comes from a collectivist culture which emphasizes deference paid to people older than self and modesty displayed on the part of the young. Maggy comes from an individualistic culture which values assertivenessand free expression of feelings. (2 points)2.As a young and new teacher, Li Hong showed her respect to Maggy with a formal greeting. When Maggy complimented Li on her sweater and herself, Li reacted in a typical Chinese way by overusing modesty in front of a teacher older than her. She displayed her humbleness by saying that her sweater was an old one and she should learn from Maggy, an old teacher. Li's responsesare perfect between Chinese people but terrible in cross-cultural situations like this. She did not realize that her expression of respect could be translated into offence since individualistic cultures do not associate as much deference with age as collectivistic cultures do. Therefore, Maggy, coming from an individualistic culture, was surprised when Li called her "old teacher". Maggy did not understand that the word "old" here meant as a compliment, meaning that she had richer teaching experience. Both Li Hong and Maggy communicated only from their cultural perspectives and thus caused miscommunication. (3 points)3.To avoid miscommunication, Li Hong and Maggy should learn more about each other's culture and adjust their behaviors accordingly. When Maggy complimented Li on her sweater and herself, Li could simply reply "thank you". She could use her non-verbal language to show her respect to Maggy, for instance, with a smile, a handshake, etc. (2 points) As to Maggy, she could use fewer complimentary words or more objective questions to reduce Li's nervousness. She should also understand that one of the key values in collectivism is deference paid to experience and old age. (2 points)Question 47.Case 2 (10 points, 1 point for overall language quality.)1. Bob comes from an individualistic culture which features close body contact among personal relationships. Wang Lan comes from a collectivistic culture which does not feature open display of personal feelings through body contact. (2 points)2.In the case, Bob treated Wang Lan as a close friend and greeted her in a typical western way with hearty kisses on her cheeks to display the close friendship. However, with little knowledge of western greeting etiquette, Wang Lan was shocked since Bob's "rude" behavior was not in line with the Chinese ways of expressing close friendship. In Chinese culture, a hearty handshake willserve the purpose. It is the contrast of Bob's open expression of closeness through close body contact and Wang Lan's indirectness in expressing her feelings that caused miscommunication. (3 points)3.To avoid miscommunication, Bob and Wang Lan need to learn more about each other's culture and adjust their behaviors accordingly. Bob should ask Wang Lan if he could kiss her to express his friendship or he could shake hands with Wang Lan instead. (2 points) Wang Lan needs to understand that the kisses were well meant and does not have to feel embarrassedor shocked. She could act more actively by extending her hand out first for a handshake rather than behave passively.(2 points)。
-跨文化交际试卷A及答案
■跨文化交际试卷A及答案《跨文化交际》试题(A 卷)题号 -二 —三 四 五 六总 分得 分阅 卷 人Part I Decide whether the following 10 statements are True or 1. People do not exchange greetings with people almost every day.2. If you want to know where a person was born, you can ask Where are you originally from? ”3. For wome n, in more in formal bus in ess situati ons, should dress in a con servative suit or a well tailored dress.4. Conversations about children and family usually do not have their place in network ing ” situati ons for bus in ess.5. At conventions, it is absolutely necessary to participate or at least make an appeara nee at most orga ni zed fun cti ons.6. If you are the hostess, don 'i nsist that some one else drink and don 'over serve.7. There are eno ugh people in the world who have problems masteri ng vehicles and pho nes in dividually.8. It is advisable not to wear the earpiece whe n we are not on the phone. 9. Overdri nking alcohol can lower a pers on s in hibiti ons and alter his judgme nt.级. 班 号 :学 级 年12345678910点八\、学: 教名False. Write the an swers in the bla nks. (2% for each, 20%)10. Most meetings are unnecessary; they are just a way of making people feelPart n Tran slate the followi ng senten ces into En glish. (3% foreach, 15%)在地球村里,国家就像一个大家庭,各大洲就像是邻居。
跨文化交际试题附答案
《跨文化交际》试题(附答案)Paper 1 Communication AnalysisThe following are three different cases of cross-cultural communication. In eachof the cases there is something to be improved upon. Write an analysis on whatis to be desired for more successful communication or cultural understanding.?Question 1Case 1:Chen Bing, a Chinese tour guide, is talking to a Canadian tourist, Luke Baines, whohas no knowledge of Chinese at all. They are having dinner in a restaurant.Chen: This is Beijing duck, one of China's most famous dishes. You'll love it!Luke: No, thanks. I don't like duck. I prefer chicken.?Question 2Case 2:Feng Li and Tom have been working on a scientific experiment at aBritish universityfor some months. It has not been totally successful. They are discussing the situationin the laboratory.Feng Li: I don't know where it went wrong!Tom, Don't feel so bad. Cheer up, you've done your job.Feng Li: But our experiment has turned out to be a failure.Tom: Relax for a couple of days. I'll face the music.Feng Li: Tom, we are not playing children's games here. This is a scientificexperiment.Tom, I've never taken the experiment as child' s play, and I'm playing the game.Feng Li: You say you're playing the game! It's a rather important experiment!Feng Li walks out of the Laboratory angrily. Tom is puzzled.? Question 3Case 3:This is a more complex situation where there are several things that require moreinformed cultural analysis. Find the cultural problems and explain the culturaldifferences. Jim and Li Zhen were students together at Leeds University in Britain. Ayear later, after graduating, Jim went to Shanghai as a visiting scholar on a year'sexchange.Jim had never been to China before. Li Zhen took him to a classical piano concertperformed by a famous Chinese pianist. During the performance people were talkingand at one stage someone ran up onto the stage and presented the pianist with a bunchof flowers during the playing of a particular musical item. This happened severaltimes during the evening. It also happened when two singers were on stage singingsome songs that he was playing. Jim thought all these things quite strange. At the endof the performance the audience applauded the pianist and he applauded them. Theaudience began to leave while the pianist remained on the stage.?Paper 2 V ocabularyChoose one word or expression from those in the box below to fill thegap ineach of the sentences. Write the correct words in the spaces provided in youranswer sheet. Do not change the forms of the words.?4. After twenty five years working in the bank she decided on a different .5. Finally, after arguing about the meal for five minutes it was decided he would .6. Despite the circumstances of the accident there were still somethat neededexplanation.7. There are many different used when talking about people's relationshipsin China.8. Mike! Meet Jane, the .9. Ok, the argument is over. Let's forget it, you know.10. People in English speaking countries also avoid losing face or hurting otherpeople by telling .11. It is difficult for foreigners to understand British pub culture, especially thesystem of which all members of the group are expected to join in.12. It was a crushing blow to her, a hit when she received the news that herhusband had left her for another woman.13. In China there is a real sense of in social situations.? Paper 3 Translation?Translate the following passage from English into Chinese. Please write yourtranslation on the answer sheet.?What do we mean by Intercultural Communications or IC? This is not a description of the popular trend toward talking about international things or goingoverseas. IC is actually an academic and applied discipline that has developedinternationally since the 1950s. Sometimes called cross-cultural communications orcomparative culture , scholars most often use the prefix inter with the wordcultural to describe the interaction between cultures. On one level, IC is representedby culture studies, where we examine the political, economic and lifestyle systems ofother countries. On another level, it is applied linguistics, where we seek tounderstand the relationship between language and culture. Many Chinese Englishteachers and professors have been interested in this aspect since the 1980s - How toteach English in ways that help students also learn the basic communication practicesof Britain, the US or other English speaking countries.?But the discipline of Intercultural Communications is actually a broad and well-developed field of study. IC is an interdisciplinary application of fields likecultural anthropology, sociology, psychology (and social psychology), communication studies, applied linguistics and educational pedagogy. IC is acomprehensive attempt to understand all aspects of human cultures andhow theyinteract with each other.?To understand Intercultural Communications, we seek to understand traditionand modernization, consistency and change. As we understand some of the ongoingnational characteristics of a people, we can examine how this culture is seen from theoutside, how it interacts with other cultures and how it is changing. In the last thirtyodd years, scholars have developed both theoretical framework for comparingcultures and some practical dimensions for considering the similarity and differencesbetween them. One level of intercultural comparison is Cultural Identity. Anotherlevel of comparison is Verbal Communication. Another area receiving much attentionis Nonverbal Communication.?Paper 4 ReadingPassage 1 Questions 15-20?In recent years criticisms have been voiced concerning sexist bias in theEnglishlanguage. It has been argued that some of the vocabulary and grammar we usereflects and reinforces a traditional view of the world as one in which men aredominant and women play a secondary role. Take the word 'chairman' for example.While this can in fact apply to people of both sexes, it appears to some people to bemale-oriented as it ends in 'man'. In the past people taking the role of chairman wereexclusively male and the word was obviously originally a compound of 'chair' and'man'. Many English speakers, however, have ceased to view this word as acompound and no more feel it to be composed of these two units, than they perceivecupboard to be a composite of ' cup' and ' board'. In addition the continued use ofchairman might be defended on the grounds that the final syllable is pronounced /m'n/rather than /mn/, just like the final syllable of woman. Despite suchconsiderationsother speakers take a contrary view and are sensitive to the components of which it ismade up. They clearly perceive it as a title that perpetuates traditional ideas about theplace of women in society. For this reason they seek to replace it with neutral termssuch as 'chairperson' or 'chair', so that it is now possible to ask questions such as;'Who is chair of the committee?'Other changes advocated include the replacement of words such as 'postman','fireman' and 'policeman' with more clearly neutral terms such as 'postal worker',fire-fighter' and 'police officer'. There is, however, continuing controversy about howfar such language changes should go. Should changes be considered for traditionalidioms as 'man in the street' and titles such as 'Peking Man'? What about those wordswhere the male meaning of 'man' is no longer dominant, such as'manhandle'?To the extent that changes have taken place, they have done so more in thewritten language and formal pronouncements than in everyday speech. You would bequite likely to read in the paper that 'Postal workers are to receive a pay increase.' But'Has the postman been?' would be most likely to be heard in informal conversation.Here 'postman' remains firmly entrenched in popular usage.The extent to which language reflects and shapes attitudes and behaviors is amatter of conjecture. Chinese, Japanese, Persian and Turkish do not make the kindsof sex distinctions English makes through its system of pronouns, but it would bedifficult to maintain that males who speak these languages are less sexist than maleswho speak English!?Answer the following questions according to the above text:?15. The general use of the word 'man' added to English words indicates .A. sexual feelingsB. sexual freedomC. sexist ideasD. sexist bias .16. Generally where language and sex are concerned in Britain .A. all people agree change is neededB. some people agree change is neededC. people can't make up their minds on the issueD. people think the issue is unimportant and not serious17. What example does the author give to support a defense of the word 'chairman'?18. What does the author argue for when the example 'manhandle' is given?19. What does the author have to say about the impact of language changes?20. What is the author's argument in the final paragraph??Passage 2 Questions 21-27Can Computers Do a Better Job Rating Stocks?Since May, Charles Schwab has been providing stock ratings to clients using acomputerized system that it says tries to remove human bias.In particular, Schwab says, its system is meant to avoid the conflicts of interestthat have plagued traditional brokerage firms, whose research analystshave oftenacted as cheerleaders for companies being courted by their investment bankers.We believe that our single biggest advantage is our objectivity, said JerryChafkin, Schwab's executive vice president for investment advice and products.While the development of the methodology is human, the analysis is being performedsystematically and automatically.Though Schwab is perhaps the most prominent financial services company touse a computer-driven rating system, several others, including V alue Line and ZacksInvestment Research, pick stocks in a similar way.The various systems produce very different ratings of individual stocks, andtheir ability to outperform a market index fund over time has not been provedconclusively. The verdict is still out as to whether computers do it better than people.What is clear, though, is that the major computerized systems hand outfewer positivestock ratings than do Wall Street analysts, who seem to give them out verygenerously.People who run computerized selection systems criticize traditional Wall Streetanalysis as having institutional conflicts of interest, as well as individual bias. I amvery suspicious about opinions and judgments and emotions by humans in individualstock selection, said Samuel Eisenstadt, V alue Line's research director.However, the computer-driven stock-picking systems must rely on theselection criteria of their creators. All try to isolate factors that their developersacompare models Most prices. share predict to ability greatest the have believecompany9s historical earnings growth with that of other companies. And many trackthe extent to which earnings have surprised analysts.Many firms use their computer-based stock-rating systems asmarketing tools.The designers of these systems say they should be judged on how a group ofstocks performs over time. But all the systems assume, as do stock analysts on WallStreet, that superior research, by humans, and analysis can select a group of stocksthat will outperform the market averages over the long run.Market analysts say it is too soon to assess the fledgling Schwab system or newmodels, like Microsoft's year-old Stock-Scouter?Mark the following statements True (T) / False (F) / Not Given (NG) accordingto the information provided in the text.?Write T, or F or NG on your answer sheet in the spaces provided for questions.?21. Charles Schwab is a computer company.22. The method of operation by Schwab is done automatically.23. 'Value Line' and 'Zacks' have similar operating methods to Schwab.24. There is no conclusive proof that computers perform better than humans.25. Wall Street analysts are generous in rating stocks.26. Human beings make value judgments according to the research director of 'ValueLine'.27. Analysts are surprised at the growth rate of share prices.答案及评分标准?Paper 1: Communication Analysis●The following points should be covered in the analysis.●Award one point for each of the points covered (underlined). Paper 2: V ocabulary●One point for each item.●Answers must be the same as the key.4. vocation5. foot the bill6. grey areas7. kin terms8. trouble and strife 9. live and let live10. white lies 11. buying a round12. below the belt 13. communityPaper 3: Translation14.“跨文化交际”或“IC”是指什么呢?这并不是对于谈论国际事务或出国大潮的描述。
跨文化交际测试题
跨文化交际测试题本文是关于跨文化交际测试题的介绍和讨论,将通过一系列问题和情境来测试读者在跨文化交际方面的知识和技能。
请按照以下的格式回答问题,并在每个问题后面写出你的答案。
1. 请列举三个你所知道的跨文化交际的挑战,并简要解释它们。
答案:a) 语言差异:不同的文化有不同的语言和口音,这可能导致沟通障碍和误解。
b) 礼仪差异:礼仪在不同的文化中各不相同,例如在某些文化中,身体接触被视为亲密和友好,而在其他文化中则被视为侵犯个人空间。
c) 价值观差异:不同的文化有不同的价值观和信仰系统,其中一些可能与其他文化相冲突,导致误解和冲突。
2. 在一个跨文化沟通中,你认为最重要的是什么?请提供理由。
答案:在我看来,最重要的是拥有开放的心态和尊重他人文化的意愿。
这是因为只有当我们愿意接受并尊重不同的文化,才能真正打开跨文化交际的大门,并建立起互相的理解和合作。
3. 请列举三个你认为可以帮助你更好理解他人文化的方法。
答案:a) 学习他们的语言:学习他人的语言可以帮助我们更深入地了解他们的文化和思维方式。
b) 研究他们的历史和传统:了解他人的历史和传统可以帮助我们更好地理解他们的价值观和行为准则。
c) 与他们直接交流:与他人直接交流可以让我们更深入地了解他们的观点和经验,同时也增进我们之间的相互理解和尊重。
4. 描述一个你曾经经历过的跨文化交际挑战,并分享你是如何应对的。
答案:在我去某个东南亚国家旅行时,我遇到了一个跨文化交际挑战。
当地人使用的一种手势在我的文化中被视为侮辱和不礼貌,而我并不知道这一点。
当我首次使用这个手势时,对方的表情立刻变得十分生气。
面对这个挑战,我决定立即向对方道歉,并解释我之前并不知道这个手势的含义。
我还询问了当地人应该使用什么手势来表示友好和尊重。
通过诚实地道歉和努力去理解对方文化的做法,我最终解决了这个尴尬的局面,并与当地人建立起了良好的关系。
5. 提供一些建议,帮助我们更好地应对跨文化沟通中的困难和误解。
跨文化交际期末考试题及答案
跨文化交际期末考试题及答案一、选择题(每题2分,共20分)1. 跨文化交际中,以下哪项不是有效的沟通技巧?A. 保持开放态度B. 避免使用肢体语言C. 尊重文化差异D. 积极倾听答案:B2. 在不同文化背景下,以下哪种行为可能被误解?A. 直视对方眼睛B. 点头表示同意C. 用食指指人D. 握手答案:C3. 在跨文化交流中,以下哪种方式可以增进相互理解?A. 坚持自己的文化观点B. 避免讨论敏感话题C. 主动分享自己的文化背景D. 只关注自己的文化答案:C4. 以下哪个概念与跨文化交际密切相关?A. 文化适应B. 个人主义C. 集体主义D. 所有选项答案:D5. 在跨文化沟通中,以下哪个因素可能导致误解?A. 语言障碍B. 非语言信号C. 文化价值观差异D. 所有选项答案:D...二、简答题(每题10分,共30分)1. 简述跨文化交际中“文化休克”的现象及其应对策略。
答案:文化休克是指个体在进入一个与自己文化背景不同的新环境时,由于文化差异而产生的困惑、焦虑和不适应感。
应对策略包括:提前了解目标文化,保持开放和灵活的心态,寻找支持系统,以及采取积极的适应措施。
2. 描述跨文化交际中的“高语境文化”与“低语境文化”的特点。
答案:高语境文化(High-context culture)指的是在交流中,信息的传递依赖于非语言因素,如肢体语言、面部表情和情境背景。
低语境文化(Low-context culture)则强调语言的直接性和明确性,信息主要通过语言来传递。
三、案例分析题(每题25分,共50分)1. 假设你是一名国际商务谈判代表,你被派往一个与你文化背景截然不同的国家进行商务谈判。
请描述你将如何准备这次谈判,并在谈判中如何运用跨文化交际技巧。
答案:在准备谈判时,我会首先研究目标国家的文化、商业习惯和谈判风格。
我会学习基本的语言词汇,了解当地的礼仪和非语言交流习惯。
在谈判中,我会保持尊重和耐心,避免使用可能引起误解的肢体语言,积极倾听对方的观点,并在适当的时候表达自己的立场。
跨文化交际试题(附答案)
Question 1
Case 1:
Chen Bing, a Chinese tour guide, is talking to a Canadian tourist, Luke Baines, who has no knowledge of Chinese at all. They are having dinner in a restaurant.
《跨文化交际》试卷及答案
《跨文化交际》试卷Section I: Language Appropriacy and Accuracy [45 points] Instructions: There are altogether 15 statements or questions below. You are offered four choices marked with A, B, C and D for each statement or question. Choose the most appropriate one and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. Bob, I need your help. The whole thing seems to be freaking out. Whatever I do, it is getting worse.A. funnyB. decliningC. losing controlD. happening2. What did you do to increase profit and eliminate losses? We haven’t been in the black for two months in a row.A. lack of moneyB. in the dark nightC. needing moneyD. gaining money3. I’ll have to start earlier the next time. This time I only finished by the skin of my teeth.A. finished it unsuccessfullyB. finished with my mouth shutC. barely succeeded in finishing itD. rarely shut my mouth when finishing it4. I don’t think you can depend on Jack to do that job by himself. He is too green.A: shy B. inexperienced. C. timid D. naive5. --Wow! Carl has done some really amazing things!--Don’t believe everything he tells you. He was probably pulling your leg.A. teasing youB. cheering you upC. ridiculing youD. dragging your leg6. Below are some topics. Three of them should be avoided in the cultural communication. Which one is the right expectation?A. Are you Christian?B. How much did you pay for the dress?C. Do you have a brother or a sister?D. Nice to see you again, you’re fatter.7. Which one in the following expressions is Not True?A. as meek as a lambB. as foolish as a donkeyC. as wise as an owlD. as strong as a cow8. We know that the dog is regarded as man’s best friend in the West, but sometimes dogs also have negative associations, such as ‘ _______ “A. A top dogB. Get the dogC. He worked like a dogD. Lead a dog’s lite9. I do think her presentation is wonderful. I simply can’t _____ the flaw in her argument.A. lay a finger onB. keep my hand inC. put my finger onD. hold my hand in10. Which of the following groups are family names?A. Thomas, Richard, RobertsonB. William, Smith, ClarkC. Taylor, Anthony, WatkinsD. George, Edwards, Jackson11. In a Western meal, you’re offered a ‘second helping, but you have already had enough. What would you say?A. No, thanks, I don’t like it.B. No, I don’t want any.C. No, I’m terribly full.D. That is delicious, but I’ve already had plenty, thanks.12. Which one in the following expressions is Not True?A. The Gang of FourB. A flock of cootsC. A school of birdsD. A pack of wolves13. Which one in the following expressions is Not True ?.A. as slippery as an eelB. as majestic as a tigerC. as stubborn as a muleD. as stupid as a goose14. Which idiom or saying below shows people’s positive attitude towards dogs?A. A jolly dog.B. He worked like a dog.C. Lead a dog’s life.D. Treat someone like a dog.15. Which of the following statements is Not True?A. Female names tend to be longer with more syllables.B. Female names tend to have higher percentage of names with stress on a syllable other than the first.C. Male names tend to make more use of /i/ sound, such as Steve, Peter, and Keith.D. Female names more likely end with vowel sound, while male names with a plosive sound.Section II: Reading Comprehension [25ints]Part 1: Questions16-20 are based on this part. (15 points)Read Passage 1 and then answer Questions 16-20 briefly. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1In Australian families the central relationship is usually that between husband and wife, with children being thought of as independent individuals from an early age. The central relationship around which Chinese families revolve is quite different. Here the stress is placed on the relationship between parents and children. Couples with children view the roles of mother acid father as coming before those of husband and wife. It is the parents, usually the father, who make all important decisions for children. It is the father, for example, who will usually make decisions concerning what and where the children should study. This is in marked contrast to Australian families where children play an increasingly important role in deciding such matters as they grow older. This independence is also shown in the Australian custom of children leaving home to live independently of their parents long before marriage. There are few if any opportunities for young people to set up independently in this fashion in China. Indeed, the Australian practice in this regard can seem from a Chinese perspective to indicate that Australians do not care about their families.Australian children are more likely to be expected to work while they are studying than their Chinese counterparts. This can also apply to household chores, with Chinese parents expecting their offspring to devote their time to their studies. Children may be excused such duties right up to marriage, so that married life can sometimes come as a rude awakening to the need to cook and clean. Whereas in Australia students may work during the holidays or part-time during term, such activity is rare in China. The situation has changed somewhat since the end of the 1980s, with some students taking work as tutors or providing various services such as dressmaking. But the initial public reaction was one of shock. It is, then, still viewed as primarily the parents’ responsibility to support their children while they are pursuing their education. Money spent in this way is under no circumstances regarded as a loan, to be repaid when the children finish their education and have secured a job. University students in Australia also receive financial assistance from their parents and there is in some families an understanding that this will be repaid once they are financially independent. To many Chinese this may smack of lack of love and family feeling.The Australian emphasis on fostering independence in children from an early age runs counter to the Chinese view. Chinese children are not expected to be autonomous of their families to the same extent, with dependence on parents up to the time they are married. The protection and care of their children is the duty of parents. Chinese parents would look upon the failure to fulfill this duty as violating the most basic of parental responsibility. Dependence is the inevitable corollary and not something to shed as soon as possible but the expression of strong family bonds of affection.16. What’s the primary relationship in an Australian family and in a Chinese family?17. What role do children play in an Australian family?18. Why don’t Chinese children do household chores at home?19. What are Australian children expected to do during their school years?20. What’s the main idea of the passage?Part 2: Questions 21--25 are based on this part. (10points)Read Passage 2 and then decide whether Statements 21- 25 are True or False according to the information given in the passage. Write ‘T’ for true and ‘F’ for false on the Answer Sheet.Passage 2The English CharacterNo Englishman believes in working from book learning. He suspects all theories, philosophical or other. He suspects everything new, and dislikes it, unless he can be compelled by the force of circumstances to see that this new thing has advantages over the old. Race-experience is what he invariably depends upon, whenever he can, whether in India, in Egypt, or in Australia. His statesmen do not consult historical precedents in order to decide what to do: they first learn the facts as they are; then they depend upon their own common sense, not at all upon their university learning or upon philosophical theories. And in the case of the English nation, it must be acknowledged that this instinctive method has been eminently successful. The last people from whom praise can be expected, even for what is worthy of all praise, are the English. A new friendship, a new ideal, a reform, a noble action, a wonderful poem, an exquisite painting -- any of these things will be admired and praised by every other people in Europe long before you can get Englishmen to praise. The Englishman all this time is studying, considering, trying to find fault. Why should he try to find fault? So that he will not make any mistakes at a later day. He has inherited the terrible caution of his ancestors in regard to mistakes. It must be granted that his caution has saved him from a number of very serious mistakes that other nations have made. It must also be acknowledged that he exercises a fair amount of moderation in the opposite direction -- his modern Englishman; he has learned caution of another kind, which his ancestors taught him. ‘Power should be used with moderation; for whoever finds himself among valiant men will discover that no man is peerless.’ And this is a very important thing for the strong man to know -- that however strong, he cannot be the strongest; his match will be found when occasion demands it. Not only Scandinavian but English rulers have often discovered this fact to their cost.The judgment of the Englishman by all other. European peoples is that heis most suspicious, the most reserved, the most unreceptive, the most unfriendly, the coldest- hearted, and the most domineering of all western peoples. Ask a Frenchman, an Italian, a German, a Spaniard, even an American, what he thinks about Englishmen; and every one of them will tell you the very same thing. This is precisely what the character of men would become who had lived for thousands of years in the conditions of northern society. But you would find upon the other hand that nearly all nations would speak highlyof certain other English qualities- energy, courage, honor, justice (between themselves). They would say that although no man is so difficult to make friends with, the friendship of an Englishman once gained is more strong and true than any other. And as the battle of life continues, and must continue for thousands of years to come, it must be acknowledged that the English character is especially well fitted for the struggle. Its reserves, its cautions, its doubts, its suspicions, its brutality -- these have been forit in the past, and are still in the present, the best social amour and panoplyof war. It is not a lovable nor an amiable character; it is not even kindly. The Englishman of the best type is much more inclined to be just than he isto be kind, for kindness is an emotional impulse, and the Englishman is on his guard against every kind of emotional impulse. But with all this, the character is a grand one, and its success has been the best proof of its value.21. The Englishmen are willing to see the advantages of new things.22. The Englishmen would rather depend on their race experience than university learning or philosophical theories.23. It is less likely to get praise from an American than from an Englishman.24. Being quite cautious, the Englishman has avoided making a lot of mistakes that other nations have made.25. Emotional impulse is one of the English characters.Section Ⅲ: Communication Analysis [30 points]Instructions; The following are three different cases of cross-cultural communication. In each of the cases there is something to be improved upon. Write an analysis on what is to be desired for more successful communicationor cultural understanding in each case by answering Questions 26-28 respectively. Your analysis of each case should be about 100 -- 150 words. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Note:! Your writing ability will also be assessed in this section of the test. Case 1 (7 points)Li Gang is a new Chinese student in an American university. He is very glad that one of his classmates, Peter, invites him to see a film one day. Li Gang goes to the cinema on time. When he gets there, Peter is waiting for him. Peter says, ‘I have bought mine. You go quickly to buy your ticket.’ Li Gang gets surprised.Question 26. Why does Li Gang get Surprised?Case 2 :(10 points)Mrs. Chen has just moved to America. Her husband is a guest professor there. She finds that a car is very necessary in America, so she decides to buy one. After she has chosen a suitable car, she takes out the cash to pay. The salesman is very glad and surprised, ‘Great. You pay in cash. ‘Mrs. Chen gets confused.Question 27: Why does Mrs. Chen get confused?Case 3 (13 points)Sarah and Daniel are a young American couple who are teaching English at Zhejiang University. They are leaning Chinese and enjoy their new lives. They have been eager to get to know Chinese people better so were pleased when Chen’ Li, their new Chinese colleague invited them to her h ome for? dinner at one weekend:When Sarah and Dahiel arrived, Chen Li introduced them to her hus- band Wang Bing, asked them to sit down at a table containing 8 plates of various cold dishes served them tea and then disappeared with her husband into the kitchen. Sarah offered to help in the kitchen but Chen Li said she didn’t need any help.A half-hour later she came back and sat down and the three began to eat. Wang Bing came in from time to time to put several hot dishes on the table. Most of the food was wonderful and there was much more than Sarah and Daniel could eat. They wanted Wang Bing to sit down so that they could talk to him. Finally he did sit down and ate a bit, but quickly he turned on the TV to show them high tech features. Soon it was time for Sarah and Daniel to go home.Sarah and Daniel felt slightly depressed by this experience, but returned the invitation one month later. They decided to make a nice American meal and felt lucky to find olives, tomato juice, butter and even some cheese in the hotel shop. They put these out as appetizers. For the main course they prepared spaghetti and a salad with dressing made from oil, vinegar, and some spices they found in the market.When Chen Li and Wang Bing arrived they were impressed by the apartment and the decorations, and asked about the price of the furniture, paintings, the carpet and other things. Sarah politely refused to answer their questions. They took small tastes of the appetizers and ate only a little spaghetti and didn’t finish the salad on their plates. Sarah urged them to eat more but they refused. Sarah and Daniel talked about their families and asked the Chinese couple about theirs. After a while, Daniel cleared the table and served coffee and pastries. The Chinese couple didn’t drink nor eat too much. After they left, Sarah and Daniel felt puzzled, because their Chinese guests didn’t eat too much, while they themselves left Chen Li’s home so full. Question 28How does Chinese understanding of the host-guest relationship influence Chen Li and WangBing’s way of enterta ining Sarah and Daniel? How does Sarah and Daniel’s understanding of the host-guest relationship influence their way of treating Chen Li and Wang Bing? What advice could you give to both couples to help them further their friendship?跨文化交际试题答案及评分标准Section I: Language Appropriacy and Accuracy 1-30 points](45 points, 3 points each. )1. C2. D3. C4. B5. A6. C7. D8. D9. C 10. D11. D 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. CSection Il: Reading Comprehension 25points]Part 1. (15oints, 3points each. 0.5 point off for eachgrammar/spelling mistake, but at most 1 point can be deducted for each item for the grammar/spelling mistakes. The exact wording is not required, but the meaning must be the same. )16. In an Australian family the primary relationship is husband and wife, whereas in a Chinese family the basic relationship is between parents and children.17. Children play an increasingly important role in deciding the matters in the family as they grow older.18. Because Chinese parents expect their children to devote their time to studies.18. During their school years Australian children may work in the holidays and may work part-time during the terms.20. The passage discusses the differences between Chinese and Australian families in child-rearing.Part 2. (10oints, 2points each)21. F 22. T 23. F 24. T 25. FSection Ⅲ’: Communication Analysis [30 points]Question 26.Case 1 (7 points, 5 points for the analysis, 2 points for overall language quality. )1)In China, if somebody invites you to see a film, he will buy the ticket for you.2)In America, invitation is very common. And people are used to paying individually.3)Li Gang hasn’t got used to this yet. He thought that Peter would buy the ticket for him.Question 27.Case 2 (10 points, 8 points for the analysis, 2 points for overall language quality. )1)In China, people are used to paying in cash, especially in daily life.2)Chinese people consume within their consumptive capability.3)The Americans are used to paying in cheque or credit card. And they like consuming in advance. But the merchants prefer to have cash.Question 28.Case 3 (13 points, 11 points for the analysis, 2 points for overall language quality.)Note: The words of the sample answer below are more than the required, for the purpose of providing enough reference.1)In China, it is traditional that hosts entertain guests by offering many courses of dishes to show their hospitality, and the number of courses served usually has the connotation of good luck, e. g.the number ‘8’ sounds like 发, which means getting rieh. It is quite common, especially in cities, that the husband helps a lot in cooking and servlng food. Hosts treat guests, especially distinguished guests, very politely, and guests’ offer 0f help in the kitchen ;is normally Politely refused Besides, TV programs often play an important role in providing entertainment at formal family dinner parties. These Chinese conventions help explain the way Chen Li and Wang Bing en~ertained Sarah and Daniel.2)In the West, hosts’ hospitality is not shown by the qual ity and quantity Of the food, but by offering their own specialty. They hope their guests Would like the food and enjoy their efforts. The hospitality is also shown by the hosts’ accompanying the guests and having a conversatio n with them. So both the host and hostess would’ ac company the guests to have dinner and have a warm talk t0gether. Guests would not ask any private questions, such as the price of the furniture, etc. These Western ‘conventions help explain the way Sarah a nd Daniel treated Chen Li and Wang Bing. Chen Li and Wang Bing followed the Chinese conversation habit, that’ S Why they asked about the prices, and often Chinese guests want to show their cultivation and manners by eating limited amount of food, and this may explain Why Chen Li and Wang Bing ate only a little food.3) It is advisable for both couples to learn the other culture through experience, chatting, observing and reading. On suitable occasions, e.g. at parties, friendly and interesting conversations about their respective cul tures, Such as ways of entertaining guests, normal conversation’ ‘topics and taboos etc, can be an effective way of understanding each other‘ Through such interactions; their friendship will surely be enhanced。
跨文化交际综合测试及答案
跨文化交际综合测试及答案跨文化交际综合测试一. 单选题(共35题,共70分)从下列各题备选答案中选出一个正确答案。
每题2分,共70分)1. What does “Australians have different perspectives to Chinese” mean?()(2分)A. they have different ways of talkingB. they have different ways of thinkingC. they have different ways of drinkingD. they have different ways of eating ☆考生答案:B★考生得分:2 分评语:2. As a man with plenty of guts, he is the person who is expected to bring success to this company which is on the verge of bankruptcy. The underlined part can be replaced by________. ()(2分)A. the white hopeB. the red hopeC. the green hopeD. the pink hope☆考生答案:A★考生得分:2 分评语:3. In China, who will make the decisions for children?()(2分)A. MotherB. FatherC. GrandfatherD. Children☆考生答案:B★考生得分:2 分评语:4. Married foreigners in China understand invitations to banquets by Chinese to mean_______. ()(2分)A. they will get drunkB. their spouse is also invitedC. their spouse is not invitedD. they have to pay for dinner☆考生答案:B★考生得分:2 分评语:5. Today, many Chinese people_______. ()(2分)A. pay a lot of attention to origins of surnamesB. are very aware of the meaning of given namesC. are mostly unaware of the meaning of given namesD. search for the origins of surnames ☆考生答案:B★考生得分:2 分评语:6. What is a sinologist?()(2分)A. a specialist in languagesB. a student of Chinese languages.C. a specialist in Chinese studiesD. a Chinese language student☆考生答案:C★考生得分:2 分评语:7. What is the primary relationship in a Chinese family?()(2分)A. husband-and-wife relationshipB. parent-and-children relationshipC. brother-and sisterD. grandparent-grandchildren☆考生答案:B★考生得分:2 分评语:8. Which of the following is not a pair of synonyms?()(2分)A. everlasting - never-endingB. autumn - winterC. youths – youngstersD. autumn - fall☆考生答案:B★考生得分:2 分评语:9. An “utterance meaning”is______. ()(2分)A. what a speaker saysB. what is heard by someoneC. what is meant by someoneD. how someone says something☆考生答案:A★考生得分:2 分评语:10. A commonly held stereotype of the French is that they are________. ()(2分)A. extremely rudeB. philosophicalC. extremely romanticD. cold and reserved☆考生答案:C★考生得分:2 分评语:11. Such phrases such as:You should; You must; Do this; Don’t do________. ()(2分)A. usually help cultural communicationB. sometimes help cultural communicationC. sometimes hinder cultural communicationD. potentially inhibit cultural communication☆考生答案:D★考生得分:2 分评语:12. Pick out the pair of words that are examples of American English?()(2分)A. janitor, elevatorB. apartment, footpathC. post, gasD. nappies, trousers☆考生答案:A★考生得分:2 分评语:13. A Christian name is also called a________. ()(2分)A. given nameB. surnameC. family nameD. last name☆考生答案:A★考生得分:2 分评语:14. The broad sense of “social interaction” is________. ()(2分)A. relationships between peopleB. making friends easilyC. forming a social clubD. speaking to people☆考生答案:A★考生得分:2 分评语:15. _______is often regarded as the source of English proverbs. ()(2分)A. JeffersonB. WordsworthC. ShakespeareD. Hemingway☆考生答案:C★考生得分:2 分评语:16. A “white lie” is________. ()(2分)A. a lie told with the intention of causing troubleB. the intention to lie and not be caughtC. a good lie told with bad intentionsD. a lie told with good intentions☆考生答案:D★考生得分:2 分评语:17. I'm afraid something bad may happen. We need to prepare for the worst. The underlined part can be replaced by________. ()(2分)A. I've seen the red light.B. I've seen the green light.C. I've seen the yellow light.D. I've seen the orange light.☆考生答案:A★考生得分:2 分评语:18. English is a language particularly rich in synonyms and these synonyms differ from one another in the following ways except________. ()(2分)A. regional varietyB. stylistic differencesC. emotional connotations of wordsD. physical variety☆考生答案:D★考生得分:2 分评语:19. Scanning is a type of fast reading which is used________. ()(2分)A. when the reader wants to locate a particular piece of information without necessarily understanding the rest of the text or passageB. when the reader wants to locate a particular piece of information with totally understanding the rest text or passageC. when the reader wants to get the main ideaD. when the reader wants to locate a particular piece of information with partial understanding of the rest of the text or passage☆考生答案:A★考生得分:2 分评语:20. What is an idiom?()(2分)A. a phrase with a variety of meaningsB. a fixed phrase with its own meaningC. a meaningless phraseD. a phrase with limited meaning☆考生答案:B★考生得分:2 分评语:21. When will British people may sound cold and distant?()(2分)A. when they really get bad weatherB. when they really are very upsetC. when they really are very friendlyD. when they really want to go home☆考生答案:C★考生得分:2 分评语:22. The reason why English and Chineseidioms are sometimes similar but can differ is______. ()(2分)A. cultural traditionsB. religious beliefsC. historic circumstancesD. all of the above☆考生答案:D★考生得分:2 分评语:23. When two people coming from the same culture are communicating with each other, we can say this is a______. ()(2分)A. multi-cultural communicationB. bi-cultural communicationC. mono-cultural communicationD. cultural communication☆考生答案:C★考生得分:2 分评语:24. Women are believed to speak and hear________. ()(2分)A. a language of connection and intimacyB. a language of intimacy and reflectionC. a language of connection and reflectionD. a language of connection, reflection and intimacy☆考生答案:A★考生得分:2 分评语:25. In “western” countries, hugging and kissing will be________. ()(2分)A. rarely seen in publicB. often seen in publicC. never seen in publicD. not allowed in public☆考生答案:B★考生得分:2 分评语:26. All of the following is a necessary factor of communication except _______. ()(2分)A. there is only one peopleB. there must be some contact between communicatorsC. there must be a language shared by communicatorsD. an exchange of information has taken place☆考生答案:A★考生得分:2 分评语:27. One can assume from Margaret Thatcher’s family name that her ancestors________. ()(2分)A. sold candlesB. made clothesC. made barrelsD. made roofs☆考生答案:D★考生得分:2 分评语:28. For Chinese children, married life sometimes begins with a shock because_______. ()(2分)A. they have to clean and cookB. they have to have a babyC. they have to live with someone elseD. they have to wash dishes☆考生答案:A★考生得分:2 分评语:29. The term “man in the street”means_______. ()(2分)A. the man walking pastB. the person walking pastC. casual peopleD. ordinary people☆考生答案:D★考生得分:2 分评语:30. A typical “Western”style meetings_________. ()(2分)A. always start with prayersB. are always informal and friendlyC. lack any formal organizational structureD. usually are organized well in advance ☆考生答案:D★考生得分:2 分评语:31. If someone is “stand-offish” they are______. ()(2分)A. IntimateB. StandingC. ReservedD. Outstanding☆考生答案:C★考生得分:2 分评语:32. The following explanations are about the four basic parts of the computer, whichof the following is incorrect?()(2分)A. You feed information into the computer with an input unit, such as a 答案board.B. The processing unit performs a task and then shows you the result on an output unit, such as a mouse.C. The memory unit stores information and instructions.D. The processing unit performs a task and then shows you the result on an output unit, such as a screen.☆考生答案:B★考生得分:2 分评语:33. “Look like the innocent flower, but be the serpent under it”is a saying from Shakespeare which implies that ________. ()(2分)A. people can put on different gestures to hide their true feelingsB. people can say untrue words to hide their true feelingsC. people can put on different facial expressions to hide their true feelingsD. people can say wrong words to hide their true feelings☆考生答案:C★考生得分:2 分评语:34. English is said to be a language of______ in that many different words stand for the same thing. ()(2分)A. empathyB. sympathyC. synonymsD. antonyms☆考生答案:C★考生得分:2 分评语:35. At English dinners hosts often inquire the guests’ favors________. ()(2分)A. just before they serve a mealB. before they come to the dinnerC. as they are serving the mealD. is a totally untrue statement☆考生答案:B★考生得分:2 分评语:二. 判断题(共20题,共30分)从下列各题备选答案中选出多个正确答案,并将其代号写在题干前面的括号内。
跨文化交际试题答案(附翻译)
跨文化交际试题答案(附翻译)international developments have made intercultural contact more pervasive (无处不在), they are .(D)A. new technology and information systemB. changes in the world’s populationC. a shift in the world’s economic arenaD. A, B and Chas evolved that lets societies share cultural experiences with one another as films are produced and shown around the world.A. Show businessB. .C. international film industryD. Mass mediain the United States, because they have been profoundly affected by population and immigration increases, are a primary setting for domestic intercultural contact.A. SchoolsB. CommunityC. WorkplaceD. club4. It is difficult to find a single definition of human communication because__D____.A. the complex nature of communicationB. the issue of intentionalityC. the issue of unintentionalityD. A, B and C5. To Reusch and Bateson, communication often takes place ___A__.A. without awarenessB. consciouslyC. intentionallyD. deliberately6. Which of the statements of communication is not true A()A. Communication is dynamic/doc/142777800.html,munication is symbolic/doc/142777800.html,munication is InterpretiveD. Communication is static7. Communication has a consequence means that ____D__.A. Communication is irreversibleB. Our response to message does not have to be immediateC. The nature of our responses to messages is rooted in our cultureD. A, B and C8. Which of the item is not the basic component of culture DA. ValuesB. EmotionsC. PersonalityD. Attitudes9. We learn our culture not through ________.A. proverbsB. artC. mass mediaD. self-taught10. Although many aspects of culture are subject to change, the _______ of a culture resists majorA. historyB. the deep structureC. backgroundD. tradition11. __D____ is at the core of intercultural communication.A. senderB. receiverC. cultureD. language12. Although cultures change through several mechanisms, which of the following item is not the three most commonA. DiffusionB. AcculturationC. InventionD. Innovation13. One of the most difficult tasks for foreigners in learninga new language is learning the _________ and ________ in which they areA. different styles, the contextsB. grammar, accentC. different styles, the speech actsD. vocabulary, the pronunciation14. Language is accompanied by a continuous flow of nonverbal communication, which involves not only ____ but also ____ andA. the tone, gaze, postureB. the voice, the face, the bodyC. the pitch, gaze, gestureD. the pace, the distance, touch15. _B____ is the process of selecting, organizing, and interpreting sensory data in a way that enables us to make sense of our physical and social world.A. InterpretationB. PerceptionC. AnalysisD. Understanding16. The maps are usually drawn by putting one’s country in the center. This illustrates ___C___.A. MisinterpretationB. Racial biasC. EthnocentrismD. Stereotype17. Many stereotypes are provided by the __D______.A. School educationB. TextbookC. HistoryD. Mass media18. Cultural breakdowns, setbacks or conflicts result from misinterpretations, ethnocentrism, and stereotype as a result of ____B___.A. MisperceptionB. Racial biasC. MisunderstandingD. False impression19. ___C__ are defined as “an enduring set of beliefs that serve to guide or direct our behavior”.A. LawsB. PerceptionsC. ValuesD. World views20. Which of the statements about cultural values is not true CA.Cultural values, as is the case with cultural beliefs, guide both perception and communication.B. Cultural values have nothing to do with individual values.C. Cultural values are prescriptive.D. Cultural values, once formed, are enduring and relatively stable.21. Which of the countries doesn’t belong to individualistic culture D()A. ItalyB. New ZealandC. FranceD. Greece22. In a high power distance culture, the superior tends to BA. treat employees respectfullyB. display his authorityC. interact with workers more oftenD. do important work23. Which of the statements about low uncertainty avoidance is not trueA. Divers population.B. Frequent innovations.C.Generally older countries with a long history.D. Citizens are proud of nation.24. Which of the following countries or region of no feminine traits DA. NorwayB. FinlandC. DenmarkD. Austria25. Language ______ culturalA. ExpressesB. EmbodiesC. InfluencesD. Symbolizes26. It is a universal truth that language is _____ by culture and in turn it ______ culture. BA. influenced, reflectsB. displayed, influencesC. determined, reflectsD. shaped, influences27. Language is the ______ representation of a people, and it comprises their historical and cultural backgrounds as well as their approach to life and their ways of living andA. PrescriptiveB. AbstractC. SubstantialD. Symbolic28. Which of the contextual cues do not matter in a high-context culture AA. The type of relationship that exists between the speaker and the listener.B. The coded, explicit message.C. Age relative to the speaker and the listener.D. Where is the communication taking place29. The low-context culture doesn’t have which of theA. Tends to develop transitory personal relationship.B. Tends to use "logic" to present ideas.C. Tends to give simple, ambiguous, non-contexting messages.D. Values individualism.30. The following advantages of high-context culture don’t includeA.it saves us making many trivial decisions;B.it allows for great flexibility, adaptability and originality;C.roles tend to be clear;D.group projects and team efforts tend to be practicable and effective.31. P eople from cultures that prefer “high involvement” styles tend to __A_______.A. expect to be interruptedB. use polite listening soundC.give plenty of positive and respectful responses to their conversation partnersD. speak one at a time32. People from “high considerateness” cultures ar e often thought to be _____B___.A. loudB. passiveC. chattyD. pushy33. One way to determine whether a culture favors a direct or indirect style in communication is _____A_______.A. H ow they say, “No.”B. How they invite people.C. How they teach people.D. How they accept people.34. In 2010, the Easter is on ___A______.A. 4th, April , April C. 2nd, April D. 6th, April35. Which of the communication style can’t be characterized as high consideratenessAA. ChineseB. JapaneseC. Mainstream AmericanD. Russian Define the following concept. (4 points for each of the 5 items)(1)Culture (2) Acculturation (3) Stereotype (4) Value (5) Uncertainty avoidance (6) Communication (7) Innovation (8) Perception (9) Ethnocentrism(10) Intercultural communication (11) Power distance (12) high-contextTrue or false.(1) ( F ) Cultural generalizations must be viewed not as approximations (接近)of reality, but as absolute representations.(2) (T ) Domestic contacts are increasing because new immigrants and co-cultures are growing in numbers.(3) ( F ) Our response to message has to be immediate.(4) ( T ) It is always possible to share our feelings and experiences by means of direct mind-to-mind contact.(5) ( T ) Culture is a problem of nurture instead of nature, that is one’s cultural patterns are acquired through learning or interacting, or they are determined by the environment within which we live.(6) ( F ) Misinterpretations do result every time members from two cultures communicate.(7) ( F ) Ethnocentrism is usually learned at the conscious level.(8) ( F) Low uncertainty avoidance cultures tend to have a less efficient infrastructure than high uncertainty avoidance cultures.(9) ( T ) China, Korea, Japan, Latin America, and to a certain extent, France, are considered to be high-context cultures.(10) ( T ) In the mainstream American culture, the ideal form of communication includes being direct rather than indirect.(11) (T)Communication is an activity that affects people and other people.(12) (T )New technology, and growth in the world’s population have contributed to increasedinternational contacts.(13) (F ) All cultures use symbols, but they rarely assign their own meanings to them.(14) ( T ) Communication can be retrieved.(15) ( )Patterns of culture are inherent with individual, that is, they are genetically passed down from previous generations.(16) ( ) Perceptions for the same object, behavior or event are always universal.(17) ( ) To understand other people we must go into their perceptual world and try to experience reality in the same manner as they do.(18) ( T ) The Arabic-speaking nations, Latin America, Russia, and nearly all of Asia (especially India and China) are high power distance.(19) ( ) Language is influenced and shaped by culture; it reflects culture.(20) ( F ) Mainstream American co nversation style would also be characterized as “high involvement”, although it differs significantly from the various Asian patterns.(21) ( ) We are captives of our culture, though it offers us a common frame of reference.(22) ( ) We study other cultures from the perspective of our own culture, so our observations and our conclusion are tainted by our personal and cultural orientations.(23) ( ) Because we do not have direct access to the thoughts and feelings of others, we can’t infer what they are experiencing.(24) ( ) There are rules for speakers to follow as to how messages are constructed and interpreted.(25) ( ) Only when we are deprived of our own culture or put into a completely new culture can we realize the importance of culture to us.(26) ( ) Stereotype refers to an unfair, biased, or intolerant attitude towards another group of people.(27) ( ) The assumption of similarity is one of the biggest promotions in intercultural communication.(28) ( T) Countries or regions with masculine traits are Ireland, the Philippines, Greece, South Africa, Austria, Japan, Italy, and Mexico.(29) ( ) Low context communication saves us making many trivial decisions.(30) ( F) For Americans, two or three seconds of silence can be comfortable.1.三个国际的发展作出了跨文化联系更普遍的(无处不在),他们是。
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Part ⅠDecide whether the following 10 statements are True or False. Write the answers in the blanks. (2% for each, 20%)1. People do not exchange greetings with people almost every day.2. If you want to know where a person was born, you can ask “Where are you originally from?”3. For women, in more informal business situations, should dress in a conservative suit or a well tailored dress.4. Conversations about children and family usually do not have their place in “networking ” situations for business.5. At conventions, it is absolutely necessary to participate or at least make an appearance at most organized functions.6. If you are the hostess, don ’t insist that someone else drink and don ’t over serve.7. There are enough people in the world who have problems mastering vehicles and phones individually.8. It is advisable not to wear the earpiece when we are not on the phone.9. Overdrinking alcohol can lower a person ’s inhibitions and alter his judgment.10. Most meetings are unnecessary; they are just a way of making people feel important.Part Ⅱ Translate the following sentences into English. (3% for each, 15%)1.在地球村里,国家就像一个大家庭,各大洲就像是邻居。
________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.2.新闻里报道的一些主要冲突就包含世界观的冲突。
______________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________________ ____________________________________________.3. 学会跨文化交际的第一步就是要考虑人们在谈论文化时他们的真正含义是什么。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________4. 文化是我们讲述的关于自己的故事。
_________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________5. 当人们与其他文化打交道时,他们会根据自己的家乡文的意义系统化对这个陌生的文化进行解读。
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________each, 15%)1. People pay attention to basic language codes in cross-cultural munication because of the essential role these codes play in munication._____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________.2.In addition to using basic and special language codes, people alsomunicate through behavior._________________________________________________________________ ______________________________________________________________..3. Chinese tend to approach all foreigners in a similar way regardless of the differences of their cultures._________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________.4. Even when people consider all the factors they should keep in mind when they initiate contact, they might still make mistakes.._________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________.5. Usually when people talk about culture, they mean some aspect of the objective culture._________________________________________________________________ _____________________________________________________________.appropriate response A)-J) (2% for each, 20%)2)You are invited out to dinner when you don’t really want to go.3)A colleague tells you some very bad news about themselves.4)You arrive late for a meeting.5)You recognize someone but you can’t recall his name.6)You want to end a conversation at a business reception.7)You want someone to stop smoking in a no-smoking area.8)You spill coffee over a client’s desk at a meeting.9)You greet a visitor who visits your pany.10)You ask someone to wait for a moment.A)“Excuse me. I’m afraid smoking isn’t allowed here.”B) “I’m sorry but there’s someone over there that I have to talk to.”C) “How clumsy of me. I’m really sorry. ”D) “I’m terribly sorry to hear that. ”E) “I’m so sorry. The traffic was a nightmare.”F) “I know we’ve met before but I’m afraid I can’t remember the name.”G) “That’s really kind of you but I’m exhausted after the flight. ”H) “I’m afraid he left the pany last month.”I) “Hello, wele to our pany. ”J) “Would you please wait for a while?”(20%,)A:露丝,你想喝杯茶吗?B:如果不介意的话,我宁愿喝一杯咖啡。