African-American-Literature备课讲稿

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非洲美国文学8、African American Literature

非洲美国文学8、African American Literature

1. Why must we stick to our dreams? 2. What images does the poet employ to describe the life once we lose our dreams?
• Dreams • • • • Hold fast to dreams For if dreams die Life is a broken-winged bird That cannot fly.
1. If God is not the first move in our life, surely our dreams are the same. 2. Without dreams our life will be a broken bird and a barren field. I think without dream our life will be a grand ship drifting on the vast ocean, never knowing its destination.
[Grocery store, Harlem, 1940] Library of Congress Prints and Photographs Division Washington, D.C.; LC-USZC44737
A. Several factors laid the groundwork for the movement.
Main Works
• • • • • • • • • Poetry collections The Weary Blues, 1926 Fine Clothes to the Jew, 1927 The Dream Keeper and Other Poems, 1932 Shakespeare in Harlem, 1942 Novels and short story collections Not Without Laughter, 1930 Non-fiction books I Wonder as I Wander, 1956

AmericanLiterature教材教学稿件

AmericanLiterature教材教学稿件
拉·庞德、威廉·福克纳等。
文学批评与理论
01
及其在美国文学批评中的应用

读者反应批评
探讨读者反应批评理论,及其 对文学批评的影响。
后殖民主义批评
分析后殖民主义批评理论如何 审视美国文学中的种族、文化
与帝国主义。
女性主义批评
探讨女性主义批评理论如何关 注女性在文学作品中的形象与
02 American Literature简 介
早期美国文学
早期美国文学
主要反映殖民地时期和独 立战争时期的美国社会和 文化背景。
代表作家
华盛顿·欧文、纳撒尼尔·霍 桑等。
作品特点
描绘美国自然风光、人文 景观以及殖民地居民和独 立战争英雄的故事。
19世纪美国文学
19世纪美国文学
反映工业革命和西部开拓时期的美国 社会变革。
将更加关注学生的个性化需求,针对不同学生的需求和兴 趣,提供更加定制化的教学服务,以帮助学生更好地发展 自己的学术兴趣和专长。
THANKS FOR WATCHING
感谢您的观看
代表作家
作品特点
现实主义、浪漫主义和自然主义等多 种风格并存,关注社会问题、道德和 人性的探讨。
马克·吐温、亨利·詹姆斯、斯蒂芬·克 莱恩等。
20世纪美国文学
20世纪美国文学
反映两次世界大战、民权运动和 科技发展的影响。
代表作家
厄内斯特·海明威、约翰·斯坦贝克 、理查德·耶茨等。
作品特点
多元化和创新性,涵盖现实主义、 魔幻现实主义、垮掉的一代等多种 流派,关注个体和社会的关系。
05 课程评估与反馈
课堂表现与作业评价
课堂参与度
教师需观察学生在课堂上的表现, 包括提问、讨论、回答问题等, 以评估学生对课程内容的理解和

unitAfricanAmericans专题培训课件

unitAfricanAmericans专题培训课件

Toni Morrison (1931- )
an American novelist, editor, and professor.
Her novels are known for their epic themes, vivid dialogue, and richly detailed characters.
Claudia MacTeer as a child and an adult, as well as from a third person omniscient viewpoint.
Because of the controversial nature of the book, which deals with racism, incest, and child molestation, there have been numerous attempts to ban it from schools and libraries.
Claudia and Frieda MacTeer live in Ohio with their parents. The MacTeer family takes two other people into their home, Mr. Henry and Pecola.
Pecola is a troubled young girl with a hard life. Her parents are constantly fighting, both physically and verbally.
The psychology of survival Magic Realism
Novels
The Bluest Eye (1970) Sula (1973) Song of Solomon (1977)

美国黑人文学――历史与文化潮流PPT课件

美国黑人文学――历史与文化潮流PPT课件
Three themes developed in early African American writings around the issue of slavery: accommodation, protest, and escape
African American Literature
African American Literature
Lucy Terry (1730-1821) Thought to be the author of the oldest piece of African-American literature, “Bars, about an Indian raid on settlers in Massachusetts. It was not published until 1855.
African American Literature Post-slavery Era
African American Literature
Phillis Wheatley (1753-1784) The first African-American and the second woman to publish a book in the colonies, she is one of the best known early black poets; her work was praised by leaders of the American Revolution, including George Washington. She is one of the first writers to use an epistolary style (in the form of letters).

African American Literature

African American Literature


African American literature is the body of literature produced in the United States by writers of African descent. The genre traces its origins to the works of such late 18th with slave narratives , reaching early high points and the Harlem Renaissance, and continuing today with authors such as Toni Morrison, and Alice Walker being ranked among the top writers in the United States.
Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass, an American Slave



It is generally held to be the most famous of a number of narratives by former slaves. In factual detail, the text describes the events of his life and is considered to be one of the most influential pieces of literature to fuel the abolitionist movement of the early 19th century in the United States. Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass encompasses eleven chapters that recount the author’s life as a slave and his ambition to become a free man.

UNIT 10 AMERICAN LITERATURE (综合教案)

UNIT 10 AMERICAN LITERATURE (综合教案)

period 1(1) spelling轶闻简化碎布哭小册子结果苍白的破旧的稀有的杂货店approve (n) pray (n.) simple (v.)房间里只布置了最简单的必需品,一张床,一把椅子和一张桌子。

房间里有舒适的家具。

2. simplify vt. to make simple or simpler 使简化,是易做,简化the english in this story has been to make it easier to understand. 这个故事里的英语被简化了,可更容易理解。

a shabby old hat破旧的帽子/ a shabby old man一位衣衫褴褛的老人多卑劣的恶作剧!把车开走了让我走路回家。

i have an urgent matter to .我有一个紧急的事要处理。

你最好照顾一下那又瘦又黑的女孩;我想她快要晕倒了。

you’d better that thin dark girl;i think she is going to faint.are you being ?是否有人接待你?this plant is in this region .这种植物在本地区是很少见的。

我们有三道菜:汤,鲜嫩的牛排,蔬菜还有水果。

她长长的卷发象瀑布一样披在肩上。

攀缘植物长着鲜艳的花朵,垂挂在花园的墙上。

下雨时,大量雨水沿着窗户流下。

(2). to repair ;improve let’s the room first.让我们先把房子整理一下。

他决定把穿坏的鞋丢掉,再买一双新的。

these shoes are looking rather .这双鞋不成样子了。

我看到他那张年轻英俊的脸上显出憔悴的脸色,令我十分地吃惊。

那个长长胡须的人引了我们的注意力。

后来,我们安排了下一次的会面时间。

我的父母不准许我吸烟。

我不赞成浪费时间和你再争执了。

African-American Literature

African-American Literature

美国黑人文学
第 16-18 周:六、七十年代以来的美国 黑人文化(重建身份和重建历史的努 力 ) , 阅 读 莫 里 森 的 代 表 作 (Toni Morrison(1931-): The Bluest Eye, 1970; Song of Solomon, 1977; Beloved, 1987)
美国黑人文学
第 7-9 周:吟游文学(黑人与白人的文化互动过程中的 模仿、戏仿、曲仿),阅读第一部反映黑人生活的小说 《汤姆叔叔的小屋》(Uncle Tom’s Cabin, Harriet Beecher Stowe) 第 10-12 周:社会动荡与文化耻辱(芝加哥爵士乐的兴 起、流行和影响),阅读休斯和赖特的代表作 (Langston Hughes: Dreams; Richard Right: Native Son) 第 13-15 周:口头文学传统与争取教育权利的斗争(从 惠特利到埃里森的黑人作家危机)阅读拉尔夫·埃里森 的 代 表 作 (Ralph Waldo Ellison: Invisible Man, 1952; Phillis Wheatley(1753-1784) : the first American black poet; James Baldwin(1924-1987): Go Tell It on the Mountain, 1953) (《向苍天呼吁》)
美国黑人文学
具体安排 第1周:介绍课程性质、内容,了解学生相关 文学背景,简要概括黑人文学历史 第2-3周:再现黑人文化(黑人文化长期被掩 盖的事实和原因,重新被发现的原因和过程)
美国黑人文学
第4-6周:双重意识(语言、吟唱文学、民俗民谣、宗 教的边缘化),阅读黑人种族意识三代伟大启蒙家道 格 拉 斯 、 华 盛 顿 、 杜 波 伊 斯 的 代 表 作 (Frederick Douglass,1817-1895: 他的三部自传是美国黑人文学的 开山之作, 1840 年的《弗雷德里克·道格拉斯:一个 美国奴隶的叙述》(Narrative of the Life of Frederick Douglass) ; 1855 年的《我的奴隶生涯和我的自由》 (My Bondage and My Freedom) ;以及1881年的《弗雷 德里克·道格拉斯的生平和时代》(Life and Time of Frederick Douglass). Booker Washington, 1856-1915) : 自传《超越奴役》( Up From Slavery)(1901); Du Bois,1868-1963: The Souls of the Black Folk)

Unit10Americanliterature教案示例(1)

Unit10Americanliterature教案示例(1)

Unit10Americanliterature教案示例(1)Unit10 American literature 教案示例(1)Warming up, listening and speaking(一)主题任务(Core tasks)根据本单元的中心主题,建议设计以下主题任务。

美国文学手册活动时间:在学完本单元之后活动形式:个人活动、小组活动、全班活动语言知识要求:本单元词汇和日常交际用语语言技能要求:听、说、读、写活动过程:1.选择内容。

所要编写的手册为“美国文学”专辑。

活动步骤如下:1)把全班分成几个小组,每个小组选择一个方面的内容进行研究;2)小组的每个成员围绕小组的中心内容,自己选择表现形式,搜集并整理有关信息;3)在小组范围内交流有关内容,相互间提出修改意见并做适当修改。

2.选择栏目。

例如:1)文学主题:American Indians,Slavery,Pioneers,the American Civil War等;2)原著节选:诗歌、小说、戏剧等;3)电影欣赏:Gone with the Wind, The old Man and the Sea 等;4)著名作家:Dudley Randall,Jack London,Mark Twain,Ernest Hemingway等。

3.编辑制作:1)每组选择一个代表向全班通报该组的进展情况,汇报内容包括:搜集到的主要内容(提纲或题目)、采取的主要形式等;2)通过交流和讨论,把各组内容在全班范围内分类整合。

根据形式与内容,决定所出手册的辑数。

每辑都必须内容丰富,形式多样。

3)参与同一辑的同学为一组,讨论版式、标题,并进行分工,其中有一人担任主编,一人担任美编,所有同学都要参与抄写或打印;4)在全班进行美国文学手册评比。

(二)热身(Warming up)该部分教学要注意以下几个方面:1.诵读。

要求学生反复朗诵该诗,甚至可以要求学生背诵。

熟话说得好,“书读三遍,其义自现”。

AMERICAN LITERATURE教案

AMERICAN LITERATURE教案

i.单元教学目标技能目标skill goalsii.目标语言词汇1. 四会词汇2. 认读词汇3. 词组4.重点词汇iii.教材分析与教材重组1. 教材分析1.2 listening 包括两个部分。

第一部分中要求学生在“听”之前谈论一下自己在英语角或英语俱乐部所参加过的活动以及他们的感受和经历;或者听说过的、更有趣的英语活动和学习途径,为下一步的“听”作充分的准备。

第二部分是一篇对话,ben, ann and lily正在为俱乐部组织一次英语活动。

该部分设置的问题是:分析本次活动成功的原因和一次英语角活动不成功的原因,有一定难度。

通过这项任务的完成,培养学生抓住听力材料中的要点信息、同时加以分析和总结的能力。

1.3 speaking 是一项对话练习,内容是根据所给出的四幅图片,运用已有的关于美国的历史知识去判断每幅图片有可能表达的一部文学作品的主题是什么。

这项设计的特点是:①让学生使用有关谈论文学作品的特点、人物以及故事发生的时间、地点等方面的语言交流自己对某些文学作品看法和观点;②丰富学生谈论文学作品的语言,包括词汇和句型等;③激发学生对美国文学的兴趣,并加深对美国文学的了解,为今后喜爱阅读更多的美国文学作品的原著打下初步的基础。

1.4 pre-reading是reading的热身活动。

设计了两个任务供学生实践和完成。

第一项任务是:通过略读的方法快速获取信息并推断故事情节的进一步发展。

第二项任务是:用浏览的方式在课文中快速找出特定的信息用以回答问题。

1.7 language study 分为词汇和语法两项。

词汇部分帮助学生学习用适合的形式和意义使用词汇和短语,旨在培养学生运用英语词汇和短语的能力。

语法项目是复习动词的各种时态。

2. 教材重组2.3 将pre-reading, reading和post-reading三个活动整合在一起设计成一节“阅读课(一)”。

3. 课型设计与课时分配(经教材分析,根据学情,本单元可以用6课时教完。

美国文学Unit15 African and Native American Literature[精]

美国文学Unit15 African and Native American Literature[精]
and A Narrative of the most remarkable particulars in the life of James Albert Ukawsaw Gronniosaw, an African Prince (1770) ; Phillis Wheatley
African American Literature
Unit 15 African American Literature & Native American Literature
African American Literature
Writing Oneself into Humanity and Slave Narrative: James Albert Ukawsaw Gronniosaw’s “talking book”
The Vernacular Tradition (Oral Tradition): It consists of forms sacred—songs, prayers, and sermons—as well as secular—work songs, secular rhymes and songs, blues, jazz, rap and stories of manLiterature
Louise Erdrich (1954-): an enrolled member
of the Turtle Mountain Band of Chippewa Indians, an American author of novels, poetry, and children’s books featuring Native American characters and settings.

American+literature+讲义+simplified+version(1)

American+literature+讲义+simplified+version(1)

一,美国的殖民地(1590至1750年文学)(1)文化背景:<1早在第17届岑>。

,在北美定居者大部分都是清教徒谁想要避免了英格兰教会的宗教迫害,并寻求在新的土地宗教信仰自由。

☆清教徒 - 1“将会是净化器”,一个是谁想要净化宗教信仰和英国教会的做法,即恢复到教堂简单的服务和恢复圣经的权威激进派新教改革者神学净化宗教观念,简化仪式因此,他们遭受的迫害和激烈从英国教会的攻击。

为了为了避免这种迫害,他们逃亡到美洲大陆<2>美国的清教徒们喜欢他们的兄弟回到了英格兰,是理想主义者,认为教会应恢复到完整的“纯洁”。

&宿命命定论(上帝决定一切事情发生之前)原罪和总堕落(人类生来就是邪恶的人本恶,和这个原罪,可传下来的一代又一代。

)有限的赎罪(一个选定的几个救国,一些<被选中的好人>可能是救了神,去天堂,而另一些将被发送到地狱)(3)但是,在严峻的生存斗争,后在美国立即抵达后,他们变得越来越实用。

他们注意到一种道德和宗教精神,语重心长地测定他们的整个生活的方式。

在新英格兰的清教徒实行政教合一的神权政治(一种政府形式,宗教和政府都合而为一。

)他们的生活方式是基于他们的宗教和忧郁强调艰苦奋斗,勤俭节约,虔诚和清醒(节制),他们反对艺术和乐趣。

他们怀疑欢乐和笑声的罪恶症状。

在人们的日常生活,宗教活动是一个首要的问题应该和所有其他的宗教服务。

☆这种极其艰苦生活纪律和支持自己,克服困难,开拓新的大陆的困难。

然而,他们的宗教不容忍(赶出他们的定居点所有这些观点似乎对他们的危险)和限制被批评的后代,如:霍桑。

<4>其做法和信念(美国清教)极大地影响了这个时期,例如在新的世界现实的问题实在的生活账户(文学,宗教问题具有很强的理论讨论)以及以下年龄。

美国清教有明显突出,一对美国文学的持久的影响。

(一)良好的素质组 - 勤奋,节俭,孝道,清醒(严重和关心)美国文学的影响。

(2)导致了永恒的神话。

美国文学教案American Literature

美国文学教案American Literature

美国文学教案American Literature American Literature教案一、教案概述本教案旨在介绍美国文学的基本概念、发展历程、代表作品及其作者,以及相关的文学流派和主题。

通过本教案的学习,学生将能够深入了解美国文学的独特魅力和影响力,培养对美国文学的兴趣和欣赏能力。

二、教学目标1. 了解美国文学的基本概念和发展历程;2. 掌握美国文学的代表作品及其作者;3. 熟悉美国文学的主要流派和主题;4. 培养学生对美国文学的欣赏能力和批判思维。

三、教学内容1. 美国文学的定义和特点;2. 美国文学的发展历程;3. 美国文学的代表作品及其作者;4. 美国文学的流派和主题;5. 美国文学的影响和意义。

四、教学步骤Step 1: 引入(10分钟)通过引入相关的美国文学作品或作者,激发学生对美国文学的兴趣,引导学生思考美国文学的重要性和影响。

Step 2: 美国文学的定义和特点(20分钟)讲解美国文学的定义和特点,包括其与其他国家文学的区别和独特性。

引导学生思考美国文学的背景和社会文化环境对其发展的影响。

Step 3: 美国文学的发展历程(30分钟)介绍美国文学的发展历程,包括殖民地时期、独立战争时期、浪漫主义时期、现实主义时期、现代主义时期等。

通过分析不同时期的作品和作者,让学生了解不同时期的文学风格和主题。

Step 4: 美国文学的代表作品及其作者(40分钟)详细介绍美国文学的代表作品及其作者,包括但不限于以下作品:- 《哈克贝利·费恩历险记》(Mark Twain)- 《傲慢与偏见》(Jane Austen)- 《了不起的盖茨比》(F. Scott Fitzgerald)- 《杀死一只知更鸟》(Harper Lee)- 《老人与海》(Ernest Hemingway)- 《钢铁是怎样炼成的》(Aleksandr Solzhenitsyn)- 《麦田里的守望者》(J.D. Salinger)通过阅读和讨论这些作品,让学生对美国文学的经典作品有更深入的了解。

unit 5 African Americans专题培训课件

unit 5 African Americans专题培训课件

It takes place against the backdrop of America's Midwest as well as in the years following the Great Depression.
The Bluest Eye is told from the perspective of
Toni Morrison (1931- )
an American novelist, editor, and professor.
Her novels are known for their epic themes, vivid dialogue, and richly detailed characters.
Claudia MacTeer as a child and an adult, as well as from a third person omniscient viewpoint.
Because of the controversial nature of the book, which deals with racism, incest, and child molestation, there have been numerous attempts to ban it from schools and libraries.
The psychology of survival Magic Realism
Novels
The Bluest Eye (1970) Sula (1973) Song of Solomon (1977)
National Book Critics Circle Award
Tar Baby (1981) Beloved (1987)

培训学习资料-African-American-Literature知识讲解-2022年学习资料

培训学习资料-African-American-Literature知识讲解-2022年学习资料

"If We Must Die”by Mckay-If we must die,let it not be like hogs-若我们必须牺牲,不要像猪一般死去-Hunted and penned in an in lorious spot,-被囚禁在一个不体面的处所,-While round us bark the m d and hungry dogs-疯ck at our accursed lot;-嘲笑我们不幸的命运;
African American Literature-美国黑人文学
I.Overview:-African American writers are the minority literary tradition-most familiar to literary criticis in the United States,from-eighteenth-century poems b slaves such as-Phillis Wheatley to the experimental ovels of Toni Morrison.
If we must die,O let us nobly die,-若我们必须牺牲,啊让我体面的死去-S that our precious blood may not be shed-这样我们高贵的血不会白流 In vain;then even the monsters we defy-那时,就算是我们所蔑视的妖魔 ,-Shall be constrained to honour us though dead.-也会在我 死后不得不表示尊敬。
1.Phillis Wheatley菲丽丝惠特利-修的-the first African America poet-Poems on Various Subjects,Religious and Moral-● ●●

African-American Literature

African-American Literature

Dreams 梦想
--Langston Hughes
Hold fast to dreams 紧紧抓住梦想, For if dreams die 梦想若是消亡 Life is a broken-winged bird 生命就象鸟儿折了翅膀 That can never fly. 再也不能飞翔 Hold fast to dreams 紧紧抓住梦想, For when dreams go 梦想若是消丧 Life is a barren field 生命就象贫瘠的荒野, Frozen only with snow 雪覆冰封,万物不再生长
“If We Must Die” by Mckay
If we must die, let it not be like hogs 若我们必须牺牲,不要像猪一般死去 Hunted and penned in an inglorious spot, 被囚禁在一个不体面的处所, While round us bark the mad and hungry dogs 疯狂而饥饿的狗在我们周围吠叫 Making their mock at our accursed lot; 嘲笑我们不幸的命运;
Harlem, a neighborhood in New York City, was the center of the African American political, cultural, and artistic movement in the 1920s and early 1930s.
Native Son 《土生子》
1• • • Uncle Tom’s Children (New York: Harper, 1938) Native Son (New York: Harper, 1940) The Outsider (New York: Harper, 1953) Savage Holiday (New York: Avon, 1954) The Long Dream (Garden City, New York: Doubleday, 1958) Eight Men (Cleveland and New York: World, 1961) Lawd Today (New York: Walker, 1963) Rite of Passage (New York: Harper Collins, 1994) A Father’s Law (London: Harper Perennial, 2008)

美国黑人文学 African American Literature

美国黑人文学 African American Literature

I. the first decades of 20th century: Fiction

1) James Weldon Johnson (1871-1038)
2) Charles W. Chesnutt (1858-1932)

II 1920s: Harlem Renaissance (New Negro Movement)
4.6 African American Literature
1.Brief Introduction to the History

Among the themes and issues explored in African American literature are the role of African Americans within the larger American society, African-American culture, racism, slavery, and equality. African American writing has also tended to incorporate within itself oral forms such as spirituals, sermons, gospel music, blues and rap.
Sterling A. Brown (1901-1989) (poet, critic;Black culture in rural Southern United States) Zora Neale Hurston(1891-1960)佐 拉· 尼尔· 赫斯顿

III The Red Radical 1930s

Three writers:

美国文学史Chapter 25 African American Literature

美国文学史Chapter 25 African American Literature

4.2 Major Works
4.3 life and Career
• Born in Lorain, Ohio, • grew up during the Great Depression of the 1930s in a poor and close-knit family. • In 1949 she entered Howard University, where she became interested in theater and joined a drama group, the Howard University Players. • Morrison went on to earn an M.A. degree in English at Cornell University in 1955. • She subsequently taught at Texas Southern University from 1955 to 1957 and then at Howard University from 1957 to 1964. While at Howard she met and married Harold Morrison, a Jamaican architect. The couple had two children and then divorced in 1964.
1.Brief Introduction to the History
• Among the themes and issues explored in African American literature are the role of African Americans within the larger American society, African-American culture, racism, slavery, and equality. African American writing has also tended to incorporate within itself oral forms such as spirituals, sermons, gospel music, blues and rap.

高中英语(人教大纲)第三册:Unit10 American literature备课资料 教案

高中英语(人教大纲)第三册:Unit10 American literature备课资料 教案

Reference for TeachingⅠ.异域风情The National Anthem of America你可曾看见,它正迎接曙光,昨晚我们曾经,对它欢呼和颂扬……这就是名为“星条旗”(The Star-Spangled Banner)的美国国歌。

它产生于美国第二次独立战争(1812~1815)期间,是弗朗西斯·司各特·基(Francis Scott Key,1779~1843)目睹美军在巴尔的摩麦克亨利堡(Fort McHenry,Baltimore)保卫战中获胜而作的。

At many munity events,the national song or anthem is sung.It was posed during the war of 1812.An American named Dr.Beans was captured(捕获) and put on a British ship in Chesapeake Bay(切萨皮克湾,在美国东岸)next to the state of Virginia.A young American lawyer named Francis Scott Key came to the ship to get his doctor friend released.The British held both men captive(俘虏) and placed them in a room which had a window where they could see the American soldiers at Fort McHenry.The American flag could be seen flying at the top of one of the buildings in the fort.The British ship attacked the fort and as Francis Scott Key watched,he decided to write a poem about this battle and the Americans’ fight for freedom from the British.As he awoke early in the morning,he began to write:Oh say!Can you see,by the dawn’s early lightWhat so proudly we hailed(欢呼) at the twilight’s last gleaming?Whose broad stripes and bright stars,through the perilous(危险的) fightO’er the ramparts(防御土墙) we watched were so gallantly(雄伟) steaming?And the rockets red glare,the bombs bursting in air,Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there.Oh,say does that Star-Spangled Banner yet waveO’er the land of the free and the home of the brave.The twilight’s(曙光) last gleaming(闪光) means the last light of day seen the night before.Mr Key means that in the morning after the fight,he could still see the American flag waving above the fort so it had not been captured by the British.The broad red and white stripes and the stars on the flag he could still see during the fight.The ramparts are the high ground protecting the fort.The word O’er means Over.Through the night,the light from the rockets allowed him to see the flag and bombs did not strike it down.The flag of Star-Spangled Banner continued to wave over a country free from Britain and the home of brave Americans.Ⅱ.知识归纳状语从句中看省略在表示时间、地点、条件、让步、方式、比较等状语从句中有两种省略情况:(1)当从句的主语和主句的主语一致,且从句的谓语部分含有be动词时,可将从句的主语和be动词省略。

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1. Phillis Wheatley 菲丽丝·惠特利
• the first African American poet • Poems on Various Subjects, Religious and Moral
2. Harlem Renaissance 哈莱姆文艺复兴
• Time: during the 1920s and the early 1930s
Making their mock at our accursed lot; 嘲笑我们不幸的命运;
If we must die, O let us nobly die, 若我们必须牺牲,啊 让我体面的死去
So that our precious blood may not be shed 这样我们高贵的血不会白流
晨曦中我在幼发拉底河沐浴。 在刚果河畔我盖了一间茅舍, 河水潺潺催我入眠。 我瞰望尼罗河,在河畔建造了金字塔。 当林肯去新奥尔良时, 我听到密西西比河的歌声, 我瞧见它那浑浊的胸膛 在夕阳下闪耀金光。 我了解河流: 古老的黝黑的河流。 我的灵魂变得像河流一般深邃。
Dreams 梦想
--Langston Hughes
• Place: the Harlem dHale Waihona Puke strict of New York
• Literary position: the first important literary movement of African-American writers
Harlem, a neighborhood in New York City, was the center of the African American political, cultural, and artistic movement in the 1920s and early 1930s.
In vain; then even the monsters we defy 那时,就算是我们所蔑视的妖魔们,
Shall be constrained to honour us though dead. 也会在我们死后不得不表示尊敬。
O kinsmen! We must meet the common foe! 啊 同胞们!我们有着共同的敌人!
Hold fast to dreams 紧紧抓住梦想, For if dreams die 梦想若是消亡 Life is a broken-winged bird 生命就象鸟儿折了翅膀 That can never fly. 再也不能飞翔 Hold fast to dreams 紧紧抓住梦想, For when dreams go 梦想若是消丧 Life is a barren field 生命就象贫瘠的荒野, Frozen only with snow 雪覆冰封,万物不再生长
Though far outnumbered let us show us brave, 尽管敌人数目众多,让我们鼓起勇气来,
And for their thousand blows deal one death blow! 把对他们的万千控诉汇成致命一击!
What though before us lies the open grave? 就算在我们面前敞开坟墓又如何?
• Phillis Wheatley to the experimental novels of Toni Morrison.
II. African American Literature
• Colonial and Early American (1773-1860) • Antebellum (1860-1865) • Post-war and Reconstruction (1865-1900) • Pre-World War I (1900-1917) • the Harlem Renaissance (1918-1937) • Naturalism and Modernism (1937-1960) • Contemporary (1960-present)
• Representatives:
Many influential African American writers and literary promoters, including Langston Hughes(休 斯), James Weldon Johnson(约翰逊 ), and W.E.B. Du Bois (杜博斯) Claud Mckay(麦凯)and etc.
African American Literature 美国黑人文学
I. Overview:
• African American writers are the minority literary tradition most familiar to literary criticism in the United States, from eighteenth-century poems by slaves such as
“If We Must Die” by Mckay
If we must die, let it not be like hogs 若我们必须牺牲,不要像猪一般死去
Hunted and penned in an inglorious spot, 被囚禁在一个不体面的处所,
While round us bark the mad and hungry dogs 疯狂而饥饿的狗在我们周围吠叫
Like men we’ll face the murderous, cowardly pack. 像真的猛士一般直面惨淡的人生
pressed to the wall, dying, but fighting back! 被逼到墙角等死不如奋起一搏!
Langston Hughes
黑人谈河流
我了解河流: 我了解像世界一样古老的河流, 比人类血管中流动的血液更古老的河流。 我的灵魂变得像河流一般深邃。
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