2016考研双语新闻阅读：微软测情绪工具

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2016考研英语二真题及答案解析范文

2016考研英语二真题及答案解析Section I Use of EnglishDirections：Read the following text。

Choose the best word（s）for each numbered blank and mark A，B，C or D on the ANSWER SHEET。

（10 points）Happy people work differently。

They’re more productive，more creative，and willing to take greater risks。

And new research suggests that happiness might influence 1 firms work，too。

Companies located in place with happier people invest more，according to a recent research paper。

2 ，firms in happy places spend more on R&D（research and development）。

That’s because happiness is linked to the kind of longer-term thinking 3 for making investment for the future。

The researchers wanted to know if the 4 and inclination for risk-taking that come with happiness would 5 the way companies invested。

So they compared U.S。

cities’average happiness 6 by Gallup polling with the investment activity of publicly traded firms in those areas。

2016年考研英语一真题及答案

2016年考研英语一真题及答案Dresponsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape -measure they must use to determine their individual worth.The bans, if fully enforced ,would suggest to woman (and many men )that they should not let others be orbiters of their beauty .And perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to sine zero or wasp-waist physiques .The French measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. Under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mess could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.The fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on materialadornment and idealized body types. In Denmark, the United States, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images there rely more on pear pressure for enforcement.In contrast to France's actions, Denmark's fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding age, health, and other characteristics of models .The newly revised Danish Fashion Ethical charter clearly states, we are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people. The charter's main toll of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to Copenhagen. Fashion week, which is men by the Danish Fashion Institute .But in general it relies on a name-and -shame method of compliance.Relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. Even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21. According to the first paragraph, what would happen in France?[A] Physical beauty would be redefined[B] New runways would be constructed[C] Websites about dieting would thrive[D] The fashion industry would decline22. The phrase "impinging on"(Line2 Para2) is closest in meaning to[A] heightening the value of[B] indicating the state of[C] losing faith in[D] doing harm to23. Which of the following is true of the fashion industry[A] The French measures have already failed[B] New standards are being set in Denmark[C] Models are no longer under peer pressure[D] Its inherent problems are getting worse24. A designer is most likely to be rejected by CFW for[A] setting perfect physical conditions[B] caring too much about models' character[C] showing little concern for health factors[D] pursuing a high age threshold for models25. Which of the following maybe the best title of the text?[A] A challenge to the Fashion Industry's Body Ideals[B] A Dilemma for the starving models in France[C] Just Another Round of struggle for beauty[D] The Great Threats to the Fashion IndustryText 2For the first time in the history more people live in towns than in the country. In Britain this has had a curious result. While polls show Britons rate "the countryside" alongside the royal family. Shakespeare and the National Health Service (NHS) as what make them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.A century ago Octavia Hill launched the National Trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save "the beauty of natural places for everyone forever". It was specifically to provide city dwellers withspaces for leisure where they could experience "a refreshing air". Hill's pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. They don't make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it .It needs constant guardianship.At the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. The Conservatives' planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation,even authorizing "off-plan" building where local people might object. The concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. Labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. The Liberal Democrats are silent only u sensing its chance, has sides with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. Its campaign to protect Rural Englandstruck terror into many local conservative parties.The sensible place to build new houses factories and offices is where people are in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. The London agents Stirling Ackroyed recently identified enough sites for half of million houses in the Landon area alone with no intrusion on green belts. What is true of London is even truer of the provinces. The idea that "housing crisis" equals "concreted meadows" is pure lobby talk. The issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them under lobby pressure, George Osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. He favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. This is not a free market but a biased one. Rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. They do so best where building sticks totheir edges and respects their character. We do not ruin urban conservation areas. Why ruin rural ones?Development should be planned, not let trip, After the Netherlands, Britain is Europe's most crowed country. Half a century of town and country planning has enable it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. There is no doubt of the alternative-the corrupted landscapes of southern Portugal, Spain or Ireland. Avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26. Britain's public sentiment about the countryside[A] is not well reflected in politics[B] is fully backed by the royal family[C] didn't start fill the Shakespearean age[D] has brought much benefit to the NHS27. According to paragraph 2，the achievements of the National Trust are now being[A] largely overshadowed[B] properly protected[C] effectively reinforced[D] gradually destroyed28. Which of the following can be offered from paragraph 3[A] Labour is under attack for opposing development[B] The Conservatives may abandon "off-plan" building[C] Ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation[D] The Liberal Democrats are losing political influence29. The author holds that George Osbornes's preference[A] shows his disregard for the character of rural area[B] stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis[C] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure[D] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas30. In the last paragraph the author show his appreciation of[A] the size of population in Britain[B] the enviable urban lifestyle in Britain[C] the town-and-country planning in Britain[D] the political life in today's Britain Text 3"There is one and only one social responsibility of business" wrote Milton Friedman, a Nobel Prize-winning economist "That is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits."But even if you accept Friedman's premise and regard corporate social responsibility(CSR) policies as a waste of shareholders's money, things may not be absolutely clear-act. New research suggests that CSR may create monetary value for companies at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.The largest firms in America and Britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on CSR, according to an estimate by EPG, a consulting firm. This could add value to their businesses in three ways. First, consumers may take CSR spending as a "signal" that a company's products are of high quality. Second, customers may be willing to buy a company's products as an indirect may to donate to the good causes it helps. And third, through a more diffuse "halo effect" whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.Previous studies on CSR have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. A recent study attempts to separate them by looking at bribery prosecutions under American's Foreign Corrupt Practices Act（FCPA）.It argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company's products as part of their investigations，they could be influenced only by the halo effect.The study found that，among prosecuted firms，those with the most comprehensive CSR programmes tended to get more lenient penalties. Their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firm's political influence, rather than their CSR stand, that accounted for the leniency: Companies that contributed more to political campaigns did not receive lower fines.In all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company's record in CSR. "We estimate that either eliminating a substantial labour-rights concern, such as child labour, or increasing corporate giving by about20% result in fines that generally are 40% lower than the typical punishment for bribing foreign officials." says one researcher.Researchers admit that their study does not answer the question at how much businesses ought to spend on CSR. Nor does it reveal how much companies are banking on the halo effect, rather than the other possible benefits, when they companies get into trouble with the law, evidence of good character can win them a less costly punishment.31. The author views Milton Friedman's statement about CSR with[A]uncertainty[B]skepticism[C]approval[D]tolerance32. According to Paragraph 2, CSR helps a company by[A]guarding it against malpractices[B]protecting it from consumers[C]winning trust from consumers.[D]raising the quality of its products33. The expression "more lenient"(line 2,Para.4)is closest in meaning to[A]less controversial[B]more lasting[C]more effective[D]less severe34. When prosecutors evaluate a case, a company's CSR record[A]comes across as reliable evidence[B]has an impact on their decision[C]increases the chance of being penalized[D]constitutes part of the investigation35. Which of the following is true of CSR according to the last paragraph?[A] The necessary amount of companies spending on it is unknown[B] Companies' financial capacity for it has been overestimated[C] Its negative effects on businesses are often overlooked[D]It has brought much benefit to the banking industryText 4There will eventually come a day when The New York Times ceases to publish stories on newsprint. Exactly when that day will be is a matter of debate. "Sometime in the future," the paper's publisher said back in 2010.Nostalgia for ink on paper and the rustle of pages aside, there's plenty of incentive to ditch print. The infrastructure required to make a physical newspaper - printing presses, delivery trucks - isn't just expensive; it's excessive at a time when online - only competitors don't have the same set of financial constraints. Readers are migrating away from print anyway. And though print ad sales still dwarf their online and mobile counterparts, revenue from print is still declining.Overhead may be high and circulation lower, but rushing to eliminate its print edition would be a mistake, says BuzzFeed CEO Jonah Peretti.Peretti says the Times shouldn't waste time getting out of the print business, but only if they go about doing it the right way. "Figuring out a way to accelerate that transition would make sense for them," he said, "but if you discontinue it, you're goinghave your most loyal customers really upset with you."Sometimes that's worth making a change anyway. Peretti gives the example of Netflix discontinuing its DVD-mailing service to focus on streaming. "It was seen as blunder," he said. The move turned out to be foresighted. And if Peretti were in charge at the Times? "I wouldn't pick a year to end print," he said "I would raise prices and make it into more of a legacy product."The most loyal customers would still get the product they favor, the idea goes, and they'd feel like they were helping sustain the quality of something they believe in. "So if you're overpaying for print, you could feel like you were helping," Peretti said. "Then increase it at a higher rate each year and essentially try to generate additional revenue." In other words, if you're going to make a print product, make it for the people who arealready obsessed with it. Which may be what the Times is doing already. Getting the print edition seven days a week costs nearly $500 a year - more than twice as much as a digital - only subscription."It's a really hard thing to do and it's a tremendous luxury that BuzzFeed doesn't have a legacy business," Peretti remarked. "But we're going to have questions like that where we have things we're doing that don't make sense when the market changes and the world changes. In those situations, it's better to be more aggressive that less aggressive."36. The New York Times is considering ending it's print edition partly due to[A] the increasing online and sales[B] the pressure from its investors[C] the complaints from its readers[D] the high cost of operation37. Peretti suggests that in face of the present situation, The Times should[A] make strategic adjustments[B] end the print sedition for good[C] seek new sources of leadership[D] aim for efficient management38. It can be inferred from paragraphs 5and 6 that a " legacy product"[A] helps restore the glory of former times[B] is meant for the most loyal customers[C] will have the cost of printing reduced[D] expands the popularity of the paper39. Peretti believes that in a changing world[A] traditional luxuries can stay unaffected[B] cautiousness facilitates problem-solving[C] aggressiveness better meets challenges[D] legacy businesses are becoming out dated40. which of the following would be the best title of the text?[A] shift to online newspapers all at once[B] Cherish the Newspapers still in Your Hand[C] keep Your Newspapers Forever in Fashion[D] Make Your print Newspapers a luxury Good。

2016年考研英语一真题及答案(翻译)

2016年考研英语一真题及答案（翻译）2017考研已开始复习，为了帮助广大考生能更好地备考2017考研英语考试，yjbys网小编为大家提供了2016年考研英语一翻译的真题及答案详解。

TranslationDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)Mental health is our birthright. (46) We don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy ;it it built into us that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone. Mental health can’t be learned, only reawakened. It is like the immune system of the body, which under stress or through lack of nutrition or exercise can be weakened, but which never leaves us. When we don't understand the value of mental health and we don't know how to gain access to it, mental health will remain hidden from us. (47) Our mental health doesn’t really go anywhere; like the sun behind a cloud, it can be temporarily hidden from view, but it is fully capable of being restored in an instant.Mental health is the seed that contains self-esteem - confidence in ourselves and an ability to trust in our common sense. It allows us to have perspective on our lives - the ability to not take ourselves too seriously, to laugh at ourselves, to see the bigger picture, and to see that things will work out. It’s a form of innate or unlearned optimism. (48) Mental health allows us to view others with sympathy if they are having troubles ,with kindness if they are in pain,and with unconditional love no matter who they are. Mental health is the source of creativity for soving problems, resolving conflict, making our surroundings more beautiful,managing our home life, or coming up with a creative business idea or invention to make our lives easier. It gives us patience for ourselves and toward others as well as patience while driving,catching a fish,working on our car,or raising a child. It allows us to see the beauty that surrounds us each moment in nature,in culture,in the flow of our daily lives.(49)Although mental health is the cure-all for living our lives,it is perfectly ordinary as you will see that it has been there to direct you through all your difficult decisions.It has been available even in the most mundane of life situations to show you right from wrong,good from bad,friend from foe.Mental health has commonly been called conscience,instinct,wisdom,common sense,or the inner voice.We think of it simply as a healthy and helpful flow of intelligent thought .(50) As you will come to see ,knowing that mental heath is always available and knowing to trust it allow us to slow down to the moment and live life happily.46.We don’t have to learn how to be mentally healthy; it is built into us in the same way that our bodies know how to heal a cut or mend a broken bone.[句子结构]分号连接的两个并列句，第一个并列句主干是 We don’t have to learn ，how引导宾语从句做learn的宾语，第二个并列句主干是it is built into us in the same way，that引导定语从句修饰先行词way，that定语从句中主干是our bodies know，how引导宾语从句做know的宾语。

常见焦虑忧郁心理测评工具汇总

常见焦虑忧郁心理测评工具汇总在心理学领域中，焦虑和忧郁是常见的心理问题。

为了帮助评估和了解个体的焦虑和忧郁水平，许多心理测评工具被开发出来。

下面是一些常见的焦虑忧郁心理测评工具的汇总：1. 汉密尔顿焦虑量表（Hamilton Anxiety Scale，HAMA）- 简介：汉密尔顿焦虑量表是一种常用的评估焦虑症状和严重程度的工具。

它包含多个项目，涵盖了焦虑的各个方面，如紧张、担心和恐惧。

- 适用对象：成年人和青少年。

- 使用方法：参与者根据自己的感受回答一系列关于焦虑症状的问题，每个问题都有不同的选项供选择。

- 优势：被广泛应用于临床研究和诊断。

2. 自评问卷-抑郁症状评定量表（Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale，SDS）- 简介：自评问卷-抑郁症状评定量表是一种常用的自评测量工具，用于评估个体的抑郁症状和程度。

它包含多个项目，涵盖了抑郁的各个方面，如忧伤、睡眠问题和焦虑。

- 适用对象：成年人和青少年。

- 使用方法：参与者根据自己的感受回答一系列关于抑郁症状的问题，每个问题都有不同的选项供选择。

- 优势：简单易行，被广泛用于研究和临床实践。

3. 贝克抑郁量表（Beck Depression Inventory，BDI）- 简介：贝克抑郁量表是一种广泛使用的抑郁自评测量工具，用于评估个体的抑郁症状和严重程度。

它包含多个项目，涵盖了抑郁的不同方面，如自责感、疲劳和心理身体症状。

- 适用对象：成年人和青少年。

- 使用方法：参与者根据自己的感受回答一系列关于抑郁症状的问题，每个问题都有不同的选项供选择。

- 优势：具有较高的可靠性和有效性，并被广泛应用于研究和临床实践。

以上是常见的焦虑忧郁心理测评工具的汇总，每种工具都有其特点和适用范围。

在使用这些工具进行心理评估时，建议由专业人士来进行解读和分析结果，以获得准确的评估和帮助。

2016考研英语一text

2016考研英语一textAs a machine, it is challenging to emulate human emotions and perspectives ina response. However, I will do my best to address the requirements provided in the prompt. The 2016 postgraduate entrance exam for English is a significantmilestone for many individuals seeking to further their education. The exam is not just a test of knowledge but also a test of determination, perseverance, and hard work. For many, it represents the culmination of years of studying and preparation, with the hope of securing a brighter future through higher education. From the perspective of the examinees, the 2016 English exam is a daunting challenge that requires a high level of proficiency in the language. The exam covers a wide range of topics, from grammar and vocabulary to reading comprehension and writing skills. Examinees must demonstrate their ability to think critically, analyze information, and communicate effectively in English. The pressure to perform well on the exam can be overwhelming, as the results can have a significant impact on their future academic and career prospects. On the other hand, from the perspective of the examiners, creating a fair and comprehensive exam that accurately assesses the examinees' English proficiency is no easy task. The exam must be carefully designed to test a wide range of skills and knowledge, while also ensuring that it is not too difficult or too easy for the examinees. The examiners must considerthe diversity of the examinees' backgrounds, experiences, and abilities, andstrive to create a balanced and unbiased assessment that accurately reflects their English proficiency. In addition, the 2016 English exam is not just a test of academic knowledge, but also a test of mental and emotional resilience. Examinees must navigate through the exam with focus, concentration, and confidence, despite the stress and pressure they may be feeling. The ability to stay calm under pressure, manage time effectively, and maintain a positive attitude can greatly impact their performance on the exam. Overall, the 2016 English exam is a significant event for both the examinees and the examiners, representing a culmination of years of hard work, preparation, and dedication. It is a test ofnot just academic knowledge, but also of determination, perseverance, and resilience. As the results of the exam are revealed, examinees will anxiouslyawait to see how their efforts have paid off, while examiners will reflect on the fairness and accuracy of the exam they have created.。

2016考研英语二答案详解：阅读理解

2016考研英语二答案详解：阅读理解Text 121 答案B remodel the way of thinking.解析：此题是文中人物观点题。

根据Cortina定位到第二段前三句。

Cortina认为尽早接触计算机科学是有益的。

第三句It’s not as hard for them to transform their thought processes as it is for older students. 译为在转变思维程序方面小孩不像年龄较大的学生一样困难，即B remodel the way of thinking 转变思维方式即为同义替换。

22 答案D interest解析：此题是细节题。

根据关键词Friedman定位到第四段第二句but之后引号里面内容“我们试图让课程符合学生兴趣”，故而D interest为正确答案。

23 答案A help students learn other computer languages解析：文中人物观点题。

题干问的是Deborah Seehorn认为在Flatiron这里所学到的技能将能怎么样，据此定位到第五段But处，和题干基本一致，该句指出“But the skills they learn…appl to any coding language”，意思是他们学到的技能可以应用于任何编码语言。

对比答案选项，A选项的意思是“帮助学生学习其他的计算机语言”属于原文定位处的同义替换。

24 答案C become better prepared for the digitalized world解析：细节题。

题干指出：根据最后一段，Flatiron的学生被期望去干什么。

据此定位到最后一段的These kids are going to be处，是题干的同义复现。

定位句“These kids are…be surrounded by computers for the rest of their lives. The younger they learn how computers think…….the better.”，意思是学生们越早学越好。

常用心理测量工具介绍及分析

常用心理测量工具介绍及分析常用的心理测量工具包括以下几种：1. 韦氏智力量表（Wechsler Intelligence Scale）：用于评估个体的智力水平，包括智商分数、智力指数等。

2. 应激问卷（Stress Questionnre）：用于评估个体的应激水平，包括焦虑、压力、抑郁等方面。

3. 焦虑量表（Anxiety Scale）：用于评估个体的焦虑水平，包括自报式和观察法两种形式。

4. 抑郁量表（Depression Scale）：用于评估个体的抑郁水平，包括自报式和观察法两种形式。

5. 人际关系问卷（Interpersonal Relationship Questionnre）：用于评估个体的人际关系水平，包括社交技巧、亲近程度、冲突解决等方面。

6. 自尊量表（Self-esteem Scale）：用于评估个体的自尊水平，包括自我接受、自我肯定、自尊满足等方面。

7. 人格问卷（Personality Questionnre）：用于评估个体的人格特征，包括外向性、内向性、情绪稳定性、开放性等方面。

8. 成就动机量表（Achievement Motivation Scale）：用于评估个体的成就动机水平，包括渴望成功、追求卓越等方面。

9. 学习焦虑量表（Learning Anxiety Scale）：用于评估个体的学习焦虑水平，包括对学习的舒适度、学习效果等方面。

10. 创造性测量工具（Creativity Measurement）：用于评估个体的创造力水平，包括创造性思维、创新能力等方面。

这些心理测量工具多种多样，适用于不同的心理评估目的和对象。

通过运用这些工具，可以客观地了解个体的智力水平、应激水平、人际关系、自尊和自信、人格特征等方面的情况。

根据评估结果，可以为个体提供相关的心理咨询和辅导，帮助其解决问题、改善自身状况。

同时，这些工具也可以用于研究领域，帮助研究者了解人类心理行为的特点和规律。

2016考研英语二真题和答案解析[word打印版]

2015年硕士研究生入学统一考试英语二真题及答案Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)In our contemporary culture, the prospect of communicating with -- or even looking at — a stranger is virtually unbearable. Everyone around us seems to agree by the way they fiddle with their phones, even without a 1 underground.It's a sad reality — our desire to avoid interacting with other human beings — because there's 2 to be gained from talking to the stranger standing by you. But you wouldn't know it, 3 into your phone. This universal armor sends the 4 : "Please don't approach me."What is it that makes us feel we need to hide 5 our screens?One answer is fear, according to Jon Wortmann, executive mental coach. We fear rejection, or that our innocent social advances will be 6 as "creepy,” We fear we'll be 7 . We fear we'll be disruptive. Strangers are inherently 8 to us, so we are more likely to feel 9 when communicating with them compared with our friends and acquaintances. To avoid this anxiety, we 10 to our phones. "Phones become our security blanket," Wortmann says. "They are our happy glasses that protect us from what we perceive is going to be more 11 .”But once we rip off the Band-Aid, tuck our smartphones in our pockets and look up, it doesn't 12 so bad. In one 2011 experiment, behavioral scientists Nicholas Epley and Juliana Schroeder asked commuters to do the unthinkable: Start a 13 . They had Chicago train commuters talk to their fellow 14 . "When Dr. Epley and Ms. Schroeder asked other people in the same train station to 15 how they would feel after talking to a stranger, the commuters thought their 16 would be more pleasant if they sat on their own," the New York Times summarizes. Though the participants didn't expect a positive experience, after they 17 with the experiment, "not a single person reported having been snubbed."18 , these commutes were reportedly more enjoyable compared with those sans communication, which makes absolute sense, 19 human beings thrive off of social connections. It's that 20 : Talking to strangers can make you feel connected.1. [A] ticket [B] permit [C] signal [D] record2. [A] nothing [B] link [C] another [D] much3. [A] beaten [B] guided [C] plugged [D] brought4. [A] message [B] cede [C] notice [D] sign5. [A] under [B] beyond [C] behind [D] from6. [A] misinterpret [B] misapplied [C] misadjusted [D] mismatched7. [A] fired [B] judged [C] replaced [D] delayed8. [A] unreasonable [B] ungrateful [C] unconventional [D] unfamiliar9. [A] comfortable [B] anxious [C] confident [D] angry10. [A] attend [B] point [C] take [D] turn11. [A] dangerous [B] mysterious [C] violent [D] boring12. [A] hurt [B] resist [C] bend [D] decay13. [A] lecture [B] conversation [C] debate [D] negotiation14. [A] trainees [B] employees [C] researchers [D] passengers15. [A] reveal [B] choose [C] predict [D] design16. [A] voyage [B] flight [C] walk [D] ride17. [A] went through [B] did away [C] caught up [D] put up18. [A] In turn [B] In particular [C] In fact [D] In consequence19. [A] unless [B] since [C] if [D] whereas20. [A] funny [B] simple [C] logical [D] rareSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (40 points)Text 1A new study suggests that contrary to most surveys, people are actually more stressed at home than at work. Researchers measured people’s cortisol, which is a stress marker, while they were at work and while they were at home and found it higher at what is supposed to be a place of refuge.“Further contradicting conventional wisdom, we found that women as well as men have lower levels of stress at work than at home, ”writes one of the researchers, Sarah Damske. In fact women even say they feel better at work, she notes.“ It is men, not women, who report being happier at home than at work. ”Another surprise is that findings hold true for bo th those with children and without, but more so for nonparents. This is why people who work outside the home have better health.What the study doesn’t measure is whether people are still doing work when they’re at home, whether it is household work or work brought home from the office. For many men, the end of the workday is a time to kick back. For women who stay home, they never get to leave the office. And for women who work outside the home, they often are playing catch-up-with-household tasks. With the blurring of roles, and the fact that the home front lags well behind the workplace a making adjustments for working women, it’s not surprising that women are more stressed at home.But it’s not just a gender thing. At work, people pretty much know what t hey’re supposed to be doing: working, marking money, doing the tasks they have to do in order to draw an income. The bargain is very pure: Employee puts in hours of physical or mental labor and employee draws out life-sustaining moola.On the home front, however, people have no such clarity. Rare is the household in which the division of labor is so clinically and methodically laid out. There are a lot of tasks to be done, there are inadequate rewards for most of them. Your home colleagues-yourfamily-have no clear rewards for their labor; they need to be talked into it, or if they’re teenagers, threatened with complete removal of all electronic devices. Plus, they’re your family. You cannot fire your family. You never really get to go home from home.So it’s not surprising that people are more stressed at home. Not only are the tasks apparently infinite, the co-workers are much harder to motivate.21. According to Paragraph 1, most previous surveys found that home_____[A] offered greater relaxation than the workplace[B] was an ideal place for stress measurement[C] generated more stress than the workplace[D] was an unrealistic place for relaxation22. According to Damaske, who are likely to be the happiest at home?[A] Childless wives [B] Working mothers[C] Childless husbands [D] Working fathers23.The blurring of working women's roles refers to the fact that_____[A] it is difficult for them to leave their office[B] their home is also a place for kicking back[C] there is often much housework left behind[D] they are both bread winners and housewives24.The word“moola”(Line4,Para4)most probably means_____[A] skills [B] energy [C] earnings [D] nutrition25.The home front differs from the workplace in that_____[A] division of labor at home is seldom clear-cut[B] home is hardly a cozier working environment[C] household tasks are generally more motivating[D] family labor is often adequately rewardedText 2For years, studies have found that first-generation college students- those who do not have a parent with a college degree- lag other students on a range of education achievement factors. Their grades are lower and their dropout rates are higher. But since such students are most likely to advance economically if they succeed in higher education, colleges and universities have pushed for decades to recruit more of them. This has created “a paradox” in that recruiting first- generation students, but then watching many of them fail, means that higher education has “continued to reproduce and widen, rather than close” ab achievement gap based on social class, according to the depressing beginning of a paper forthcoming in the journal Psychological Science.But the article is actually quite optimistic, as it outlines a potential solution to this problem, suggesting that an approach (which involves a one-hour, next-to-no-cost program) can close 63 percent of the achievement gap (measured by such factors as grades) between first-generation and other students.The authors of the paper are from different universities, and their findings are based on a study involving 147 students ( who completed the project) at an unnamed private university. First generation was defined as not having a parent with a four-year college degree. Most of the first-generation students(59.1 percent) were recipients of Pell Grants, a federal grant for undergraduates with financial need, while this was true only for 8.6 percent of the students wit at least one parent with a four-year degree.Their thesis- that a relatively modest intervention could have a big impact- was based on the view that first-generation students may be most lacking not in potential but in practical knowledge about how to deal with the issues that face most college students. They cite past research by several authors to show that this is the gap that must be narrowed to close the achievement gap.Many first- generation students “struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher e ducation, learn the ‘rules of the game,’ and take advantage of college resources,” they write. And this becomes more of a problem when collages don’t talk about the class advantage and disadvantages of different groups of students. Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students ’educational experience, many first-generation students lack sight about why they are struggling and do not understand how students’ like them can improve.26. Recruiting more first- generation students has_______[A] reduced their dropout rates [B] narrowed the achievement gap[C] missed its original purpose [D] depressed college students27. The author of the research article are optimistic because_______[A] the problem is solvable [B] their approach is costless[C] the recruiting rate has increased [D] their finding appeal to students28. The study suggests that most first- generation students______[A] study at private universities [B] are from single-parent families[C] are in need of financial support [D] have failed their collage29. The author of the paper believe that first-generation students_______[A] are actually indifferent to the achievement gap[B] can have a potential influence on other students[C] may lack opportunities to apply for research projects[D] are inexperienced in handling their issues at college30. We may infer from the last paragraph that_______[A] universities often reject the culture of the middle-class[B] students are usually to blame for their lack of resources[C] social class greatly helps enrich educational experiences[D]colleges are partly responsible for the problem in questionText 3Even in traditional offices, “the lingua franca of corporate America has gotten much more emotional and much more right-brained than it was 20 years ago,” said Harvard Business School professor Nancy Koehn. She started spinning off examples. “If you and I parachuted back to Fortune 500 companies in 1990, we would see much less frequent use of terms like journey, mission, passion. There were goals, there were strategies, there were objectives, but we didn’t talk about energy; we didn’t talk about passion.”Koehn pointed out that this new era of corporate vocabulary is very “team”-oriented—and not by coincidence.“Let’s not forget sports—in male-dominated corporate America, it’s still a big deal. It’s not explicitly conscious; it’s the idea that I’m a coach, and you’re my team, and we’re in this together. There are lots and lots of CEOs in very different companies, but most think of themselves as coaches and this is their team and they want to win.”These terms are also intended to infuse work with meaning—and, as Khurana points out, increase alle giance to the firm. “You have the importation of terminology that historically used to be associated with non-profit organizations and religious organizations: Terms like vision, values, passion, and purpose,” said Khurana.This new focus on personal fulfillment can help keep employees motivated amid increasingly loud debates over work-life balance. The “mommy wars” of the 1990s are still going on today, prompting arguments about why women still can’t have it all and books like Sheryl Sandberg’s Lean In, wh ose title has become a buzzword in its own right. Terms like unplug, offline, life-hack, bandwidth, and capacity are all about setting boundaries between the office and the home. But if your work is your “passion,” you’ll be more likely to devote yourself to it, even if that means going home for dinner and then working long after the kids are in bed.But this seems to be the irony of office speak: Everyone makes fun of it, but managers love it, companies depend on it, and regular people willingly absorb it. As Nunberg said, “You can get people to think it’s nonsense at the same time that you buy into it.” In a workplace that’s fundamentally indifferent to your life and its meaning, office speak can help you figure out how you relate to your work—and how your work defines who you are.31. According to Nancy Koehn, office language has become_____[A] more emotional [B] more objective [C] less energetic [D] less strategic32. “Team”-oriented corporate vocabulary is closely related to_______[A] historical incidents [B] gender difference [C] sports culture [D] athletic executives33. Khurana believes that the importation of terminology aims to______[A] revive historical terms [B] promote company image[C] foster corporate cooperation [D] strengthen employee loyalty34. It can be inferred that Lean In________[A] voices for working women [B] appeals to passionate workaholics[C] triggers debates among mommies [D] praises motivated employees35. Which of the following statements is true about office speak?[A] Managers admire it but avoid it [B] Linguists believe it to be nonsense [C] Companies find it to be fundamental [D] Regular people mock it but accept itText 4Many people talked of the 288,000 new jobs the Labor Department reported for June, along with the drop in the unemployment rate to 6.1 percent, as good news. And they were right. For now it appears the economy is creating jobs at a decent pace. We still have a long way to go to get back to full employment, but at least we are now finally moving forward at a faster pace.However, there is another important part of the jobs picture that was largely overlooked. There was a big jump in the number of people who repot voluntarily working part-time. This figure is now 830,000(4.4 percent) above its year ago level.Before explaining the connection to the Obamacare, it is worth making an important distinction. Many people who work part-time jobs actually want full-time jobs. They take part-time work because this is all they can get. An increase in involuntary part-time workis evidence of weakness in the labor market and it means that many people will be having a very hard time making ends meet.There was an increase in involuntary part-time in June, but the general direction has been down. Involuntary part-time employment is still far higher than before the recession,but it is down by 640,000(7.9percent)from is year ago level.We know the difference between voluntary and involuntary part-time employment because people tell us. The survey used by the Labor Department asks people is they worked less than 35 hours in the reference week. If the answer is“yes”,they are classified as worked less than 35hours in that week because they wanted to work less than full time or because they had no choice .They are only classified as voluntary part-time workers if they tell the survey taker they chose to work less than 35 hours a week.The issue of voluntary part-time relates to Obamacare because one of the main purposes was to allow people to get insurance outside of employment. For many people ,especially those with serious health conditions or family members with serious health conditions ,before Obamacare the only way to get insurance was through a job that provided health insurance.However, Obamacare has allowed more than 12 million people to either get insurance through Medicaid or the exchanges. These are people who may previously have felt the need to get a full-time job that provided insurance in order to cover themselves and their families. With Obamacare there is no longer a link between employment and insurance.36. Which part of the jobs picture are neglected?[A] The prospect of a thriving job market.[B] The increase of voluntary part-time market.[C] The possibility of full employment.[D] The acceleration of job creation.37. Many people work part-time because they_____.[A] prefer part-time jobs to full-time jobs.[B] feel that is enough to make ends meet.[C] cannot get their hands on full-time jobs.[D] haven’t seen the weakness of the market.38. Involuntary part-time employment is the US_____.[A] is harder to acquire than one year ago.[B] shows a general tendency of decline.[C] satisfies the real need of the jobless.[D] is lower than before the recession.39. It can be learned that with Obamacare,_____.[A] it is no longer easy for part-timers to get insurance[B] employment is no longer a precondition to get insurance[C] it is still challenging to get insurance for family members[D] full-time employment is still essential for insurance40. The text mainly discusses_______.[A] employment in the US [B] part-timer classification[C] insurance though Medicaid [D] Obamacare’s troublePart BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have been removed. For Questions 41-45, choosethe most suitable one from the list [A]-[G] to fit into each of the numbered blank. There are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET. (10 points)[A] You are not alone[B] Don’t fear responsibility for your life[C] Pave your own unique path[D] Most of your fears are unreal[E] Think about the present moment[F] Experience helps you grow[G] There are many things to be grateful forUnfortunately, life is not a bed of roses. We are going through life facing sad experiences. Moreover, we are grieving various kinds of loss: a friendship, a romantic relationship or a house. Hard times may hold you down at what usually seems like the most inopportune time, but you should remember that they won’t last forever.When our time of mourning is over, we press forward, stronger with a greater understanding and respect for life. Furthermore, these losses make us mature and eventually move us toward future opportunities for growth and happiness. I want to share these ten old truths I’ve learned along the way.41._____________________________Fear is both useful and harmful. This normal human reaction is used to protect us by signaling danger and preparing us to deal with it. Unfortunately, people create inner barriers with a help of exaggerating fears. My favorite actor Will Smith once said, “Fear is not real. It is a product of thoughts you create. Do not misunderstand me. Danger is very real. But fear is a choice.” I do completely agree that fears are just the product of our luxuriant imagination.42_____________________________If you are surrounded by problems and cannot stop thinking about the past, try to focus on the present moment. Many of us are weighed down by the past or anxious about the future. You may feel guilt over your past, but you are poisoning the present with the things and circumstances you cannot change. Value the present moment and remember how fortunate you are to be alive. Enjoy the beauty of the world around and keep the eyes open to see the possibilities before you. Happiness is not a point of future and not a moment from the past, but a mindset that can be designed into the present.43______________________________Sometimes it is easy to feel bad because you are going through tough times. You can be easily caught up by life problems that you forget to pause and appreciate the things you have. Only strong people prefer to smile and value their life instead of crying and complaining about something.44________________________________No matter how isolated you might feel and how serious the situation is, you should always remember that you are not alone. Try to keep in mind that almost everyone respects and wants to help you if you are trying to make a good change in your life, especially your dearest and nearest people. You may have a circle of friends who provide constant good humor, help and companionship. If you have no friends or relatives, try to participate in several online communities, full of people who are always willing to share advice and encouragement.45________________________________Today many people find it difficult to trust their own opinion and seek balance by gaining objectivity from external sources. This way you devalue your opinion and show that you are incapable of managing your own life. When you are struggling to achieve something important you should believe in yourself and be sure that your decision is the best. You live in your skin, think your own thoughts, have your own values and make your own choices.Section III TranslationDirections:Translate the following text from English into Chinese. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET 2. (15 points)Think about driving a route that’s very familiar. It could be your commute to work, a trip into town or the way home. Whichever it is, you know every twist and turn like the back of your hand. On these sorts of trips it’s easy to zone out from the actual driving and pay little attention to the passing scenery. The consequence is that you perceive that the trip has taken less time than it actually has.This is the well-travelled road effect: people tend to underestimate the time it takes to travel a familiar route.The effect is caused by the way we allocate our attention. When we travel down a well-known route, because we don’t have to concentrate much, time seems to flow more quickly. And afterwards, whe n we come to think back on it, we can’t remember the journey well because we didn’t pay much attention to it. So we assume it was shorter.想想在一条你非常熟悉的路线上开车是什么感觉。

2016全国2卷英语七选五

2016全国2卷英语七选五The Seven-Option-Five section of the 2016 National English Test Level 2 posed a unique challenge to students, testing their comprehension, analysis, and criticalthinking skills. This particular section required examinees to analyze a passage and choose the most appropriate sentence or paragraph from a list of seven options to fill in five blanks within the text. The complexity of this task lied not only in understanding the content of the passage but also in matching the tone, style, and logic of the options with the overall flow of the text.The passage itself was well-written and engaging, covering a topic that was both informative and thought-provoking. However, the options provided were carefully crafted to include both correct and incorrect choices, making it necessary for students to carefully analyze each sentence and consider its fit within the context of the passage. This process required a deep understanding of English language structure, vocabulary, and grammar, as well as the ability to recognize the nuances of meaning and tone.One of the key challenges in this section was the need to maintain coherence and consistency throughout the text. Students had to ensure that the chosen sentences not only made sense individually but also contributed to the overall narrative or argument of the passage. This required a keen eye for detail and a strong sense of logical flow.Another challenge was the time constraint. With limited time to read the passage, analyze the options, and make informed decisions, students were forced to prioritize and manage their time effectively. This aspect of the test not only tested linguistic skills but also examined students' ability to handle pressure and make quick decisions.Despite these challenges, the Seven-Option-Five section also presented valuable opportunities for students to demonstrate their proficiency in English. By successfully navigating this section, students were able to showcase their ability to understand and analyze complex texts, as well as their ability to apply their knowledge of language and grammar in a practical setting.Moreover, the Seven-Option-Five section encouraged students to develop critical thinking skills. In order tochoose the correct sentences, students had to evaluate the options critically, considering their relevance, accuracy, and fit within the context of the passage. This process fostered a deeper understanding of the material and promoted the ability to make informed decisions based on evidence and analysis.The 2016 National English Test Level 2, with its Seven-Option-Five section, provided a rigorous assessment of students' English language proficiency and criticalthinking skills. While the section posed significant challenges, it also presented valuable opportunities for students to demonstrate their abilities and further develop their linguistic and cognitive skills. By preparing thoroughly and approaching the test with a critical mindset, students were able to overcome these challenges and succeed in this important aspect of the exam.**2016年全国英语二卷七选五的挑战与机遇：分析与探讨**2016年全国英语二卷的七选五部分对学生提出了独特的挑战，考验着他们的理解、分析和批判性思维能力。

情绪调节测量工具

情绪调节测量工具简介情绪调节是指个体在面对外界刺激时，通过自身的心理和生理调节机制，调整自己的情绪状态。

情绪调节对于个体的心理健康和生活品质有着重要影响。

为了评估和测量情绪调节的效果，研究人员开发了各种情绪调节测量工具。

目的情绪调节测量工具的主要目的是帮助研究人员和临床专家评估个体的情绪调节能力以及情绪调节策略的效果。

这些测量工具可以用于研究情绪调节与心理健康之间的关系，帮助个体更好地认识和处理自己的情绪，以及指导临床治疗和心理干预的过程。

常见情绪调节测量工具以下是一些常见的情绪调节测量工具：1.情绪调节问卷（ERQ）：ERQ是一种被广泛应用的测量工具，用于评估个体的情绪调节策略。

该问卷主要关注两种调节策略：情绪表达和情绪抑制。

2.情绪自我报告量表（ESS）：ESS是一种个体主观评价情绪体验和调节情绪的量表。

通过询问个体自身对情绪的感受和调节方式，来评估情绪调节能力。

3.刺激调节问卷（SRQ）：SRQ是一种测量个体对不同刺激的调节能力的工具。

通过评估个体对积极和消极刺激的反应方式，来了解个体的情绪调节策略。

4.心理生理测量：除了问卷调查外，一些研究还使用心理生理测量工具（如心率变异性）来评估个体的情绪调节效果，如通过评估心率的变动来反映情绪调节的效果。

注意事项在使用情绪调节测量工具时，需要注意以下事项：1.测量工具的可靠性和有效性：选择具有较高可靠性和有效性的测量工具是关键。

相关研究文献和专业指南可以提供帮助。

2.适应性：根据测量目的和受众群体，选择适应性较好的测量工具。

不同工具可能适用于不同的研究对象和临床情境。

3.文化差异：在使用情绪调节测量工具时，需要考虑文化差异的影响。

一些测量工具可能在不同文化背景下有所不同的表现和解释。

结论情绪调节测量工具是帮助评估个体情绪调节能力和效果的重要工具。

通过使用这些测量工具，研究人员和临床专家可以更好地了解和干预个体的情绪调节过程，以促进心理健康和生活品质的提升。

2016考研英语作文题目

2016考研英语作文题目In the era of rapid technological advancement, the ways in which we communicate have undergone significant changes. The traditional forms of communication, such as face-to-face conversations and handwritten letters, are gradually being replaced by instant messaging, emails, and social media. This essay aims to explore the impact of technology on traditional communication methods and discuss the implications of these changes.Firstly, the convenience and speed offered by modern communication technology have made it the preferred choicefor many. People can now connect with each other instantly, regardless of geographical barriers. This has led to a decrease in the use of traditional methods, which can betime-consuming and less immediate. For instance, sending an email or a text message is much quicker than writing a letter that must be posted and delivered physically.Secondly, the rise of social media has transformed the way we interact with one another. Platforms like Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram have become the primary means of sharing personal news and maintaining relationships. While this has made it easier to stay in touch with a large network of friends and family, it has also led to a decline in the depth and quality of our interactions. Face-to-face conversations often allow for more nuanced and meaningful exchanges, which can be lost in the brevity of online communication.However, it is important to note that technology has also created new opportunities for communication. Video calls, for example, enable people to have real-time conversations despite being miles apart. This can be particularlybeneficial for those who cannot physically meet due to distance or mobility issues.Moreover, technology has not entirely eradicated traditional forms of communication. Handwritten letters and personal meetings still hold a special place in many people's hearts and are often seen as more personal and heartfelt. In some cases, they are preferred for important occasions or when conveying sensitive information.In conclusion, while technology has undoubtedly had a profound impact on the way we communicate, it has not completely replaced traditional methods. Instead, it has created a diverse landscape where both modern and traditional forms of communication coexist. The key lies in finding a balance that allows us to reap the benefits of technology while preserving the value of personal, face-to-face interactions.。

2016年考研阅读答案

2016年考研阅读答案【篇一：2016年考研英语(一)真题及参考答案】ass=txt>section i use of englishdirections:read the following text. choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark a, b, c or d on the answer sheet. (10 points)in cambodia the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. it may involve not only his parents and his friends,１those likely spouse on his own and them ask his parents to 3 the marriage negotiations. or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. 4 , a girl may veto each family investigates the other to make sure its child is a good family.the traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. formerly it by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. buddhist priests offer a short sermon and 8 prayers of blessing. cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists ,and 10 a candle around a circle of happily married and respected couples to bless the11 .newlyweds traditionally move in with the wife’s parents nearby. are 15 with some disapproval. each spouse retains 16 property he or –divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice 19 up .the divorced male doesn’the woman must wait the months.1. [a] by way of [b] as well as [c] on behalf of [d] with regard to2. [a] adapt to [b] provide for [c]compete with [d] decide on3. [a] close [b] renew [c]arrange [d] postpone4. [a] in theory [b] above all [c] in time [d] for example5. [a] although [b] lest [c] after [d] unless6. [a] into [b] within [c] from [d] through7. [a] sine [b] or [c] but [d] so8. [a] test [b]copy [c]recite [d] create9. [a] folding [b] piling [c] wrapping [d] tying10. [a] lighting [b] passing [c] hiding [d] serving11. [a] meeting [b] association [c] collection [d]union12. [a] grow [b] part [c] deal [d]live13. [a] whereas [b] until [c] for [d] if14. [a] obtain [b] follow [c] challenge [d]avoid15. [a] isolated [b] persuaded [c] viewed [d] exposed16. [a]wherever [b] however [c] whenever [d]whatever17. [a] changed [b] brought [c] shaped [d] pushed18. [a] divided [b] invested [c] donated [d] withdrawn19. [a]clears [b] warms [c] shows [d] breaks20. [a]while [b] so what [c]once [d] in that答案：1、 [b] as well as ；2、 [d] decide on3、 [c]arrange4、[a] in theory5、 [c] after6、[a] into7、[c] but8、[c]recite9、[d] tying10、 [b] passing11、[d]union12、[d]live13、[b] until14、[a] obtain15、 [c] viewed16、 [d]whatever17、[b] brought18、[a] divided19、 [c] shows20、[a]whilesection ii reading comprehensionpart adirections:read the following four texts. answer the questions below each text by choosing a, b, c or d. mark your answers on the answer sheet. (40 points)text 1france, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to definephysical beauty for woman. its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.the parliament also agreed to ban websites that” incite excessive thinness” by promoting extreme dieting.such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. they suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with impinging on health. that’s a start. and the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starring themselves to health –as some have done. it tells the fashion industry that it move takeresponsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape –measure they must use to determine their individual worth.the bans, if fully enforced ,would suggest to woman (and many men )that they should not let others be orbiters of their beauty .and perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangiblequalities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to sine zero or wasp-waist physiques .the french measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty asskin-deep-and bone-showing. under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mess could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.the fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. in denmark, the united states, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images there rely more on pear pressure for enforcement.in contrast to france’s actions, denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding age, health, and other characteristics of models .the newly revised danish fashion ethical charter clearly states, we are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people. the charter’s main toll of enforcement is to deny access for designers andmodeling agencies to copenhagen. fashion week, which is men by the danish fashion institute .but in general it relies on a name-and –shame method of compliance.relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address themisuse of body ideals may be the best step. even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21. according to the first paragraph, what would happen in france?[a] physical beauty would be redefined[b] new runways would be constructed[c] websites about dieting would thrive[d] the fashion industry would decline答案：a22. the phrase “impinging on”(line2 para2) is closest in meaning to[a] heightening the value of[b] indicating the state of[c] losing faith in[d] doing harm to答案：d23. which of the following is true of the fashion industry[a] the french measures have already failed[b] new standards are being set in denmark[c] models are no longer under peer pressure[d] its inherent problems are getting worse答案：b24. a designer is most likely to be rejected by cfw for[a] setting perfect physical conditions[b] caring too much about models’ character[c] showing little concern for health factors[d] pursuing a high age threshold for models答案：c25. which of the following maybe the best title of the text?[a] a challenge to the fashion industry’s body ideals[b] a dilemma for the starving models in france[c] just another round of struggle for beauty[d] the great threats to the fashion industry答案：atext 2for the first time in the history more people live in towns than in the country. in britain this has had a curious result. while polls show britons rate “the countryside” alongside the royal family.shakespeare and the national health service (nhs) as what make them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.a century ago octavia hill launched the national trust not to rescue stylish houses but to save “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever”. it was specifically to provide city dwellers withspaces for leisure where they could experience “a refreshing air”. hill’s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts.【篇二：2016年考研英语(一)真题及答案】s=txt>section i use of englishdirections:read the following text. choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark a, b, c or d on the answer sheet. (10 points)in cambodia the choice of a spouse is a complex one for the young male. it may involve not only his parents and his friends,those of the young women, but also a matchmaker. a young man can a likely spouse on his own and them ask his parents to the marriage negotiations. or the young man’s parents may make the choice of a spouse, giving the child little to say in the selection. , a girl may veto the spouse her parents have chosen. a spouse has been selected, each family investigates the other to make sure its child is marrying a good family.the traditional wedding is a long and colorful affair. formerly it lasted three days by the 1980s it more commonly lasted a day and a half. buddhist priests offer a short sermon and prayersof blessing. parts of the ceremony involve ritual hair cutting, cotton threads soaked in holy water around the bride’s and groom’s wrists ,and a candle around a circle of h appily married and respected couples to bless the .newlywedstraditionally move in with the wife’s parents and may with them up to a year, they can build a flew house nearby.divorce is legal and easy to ,but not common .divorced persons are with some disapproval. each spouse retains property he or she into the marriage, and jointly –acquired property is equally. divorced persons may remarry, but a gender prejudice up .the divorced male doesn’t have a waiting period before he can remarry the woman must wait the months.参考答案：bdcacaccdbddbacdbaca1. [a] by way of [b] as well as [c] on behalf of [d] with regardto 2. [a] adapt to [b] provide for [c]compete with [d] decide on 3.[a] close [b] renew [c]arrange [d] postpone 4. [a] in theory [b] above all [c] in time [d] for example 5. [a] although [b] lest [c] after [d] unless 6. [a] into [b] within [c] from [d] through 7. [a] sine [b] or [c] but [d] so 8. [a] test [b]copy [c]recite [d] create 9.[a] folding [b] piling [c] wrapping [d] tying 10. [a] lighting [b] passing [c] hiding [d] serving 11. [a] meeting [b] association [c] collection [d]union 12. [a] grow [b] part [c] deal [d]live 13. [a] whereas [b] until [c] for [d] if 14. [a] obtain [b] follow [c] challenge [d]avoid 15. [a] isolated [b] persuaded [c] viewed [d] exposed 16. [a]wherever [b] however [c] whenever [d]whatever 17. [a] changed [b] brought [c] shaped [d] pushed 18. [a] divided [b] invested [c] donated [d] withdrawn 19. [a]clears [b] warms [c] shows [d] breaks 20. [a]while [b] so what [c]once [d] in that section ii reading comprehension参考答案：adbca adcdd acdba dabcd bgdefpart adirections:read the following four texts. answer the questions beloweach text by choosing a, b, c ord. mark your answers on the answer sheet. (40 points)text 1france, which prides itself as the global innovator of fashion, has decided its fashion industry has lost an absolute right to define physical beauty for woman. its lawmakers gave preliminary approval last week to a law that would make it a crime to employ ultra-thin models on runways.the parliament also agreed to ban websites that” incite excessive thinness”by promoting extreme dieting.such measures have a couple of uplifting motives. they suggest beauty should not be defined by looks that end up with impinging on health. that’s a start. and the ban on ultra-thin models seems to go beyond protecting models from starring themselves to health –as some have done. it tells the fashion industry that it move take responsibility for the signal it sends women, especially teenage girls, about the social tape –measure they must use to determine their individualworth.the bans, if fully enforced ,would suggest to woman (and many men )that they should not let others be orbiters of their beauty .and perhaps faintly, they hint that people should look to intangible qualities like character and intellect rather than dieting their way to sine zero or wasp-waist physiques .the french measures, however, rely too much on severe punishment to change a culture that still regards beauty as skin-deep-and bone-showing. under the law, using a fashion model that does not meet a government-defined index of body mess could result in a $85,000 fine and six months in prison.the fashion industry knows it has an inherent problem in focusing on material adornment and idealized body types. in denmark, the united states, and a few other countries, it is trying to set voluntary standard for models and fashion images there rely more on pear pressure for enforcement.in contrast to france’s actions, denmark’s fashion industry agreed last month on rules and sanctions regarding age, health, and other characteristics of models .the newly revised danish fashion ethical charter clearly states, we are aware of and take responsibility for the impact the fashion industry has on body ideals, especially on young people. the charter’s main toll of enforcement is to deny access for designers and modeling agencies to copenhagen. fashion week,which is men by the danish fashion institute .but in general it relies on a name-and –shame method of compliance.relying on ethical persuasion rather than law to address the misuse of body ideals may be the best step. even better would be to help elevate notions of beauty beyond the material standards of a particular industry.21. according to the first paragraph, what would happen in france?[a] physical beauty would be redefined[b] new runways would be constructed[c] websites about dieting would thrive[d] the fashion industry would decline22. the phrase “impinging on”(line2 para2) is closest in meaning to[a] heightening the value of[b] indicating the state of[c] losing faith in[d] doing harm to23. which of the following is true of the fashion industry[a] the french measures have already failed[b] new standards are being set in denmark[c] models are no longer under peer pressure[d] its inherent problems are getting worse24. a designer is most likely to be rejected by cfw for[a] setting perfect physical conditions[b] caring too much about models’ character[c] showing little concern for health factors[d] pursuing a high age threshold for models25. which of the following maybe the best title of the text?[a] a challenge to the fashion industry’s body ideals[b] a dilemma for the starving models in france[c] just another round of struggle for beauty[d] the great threats to the fashion industrytext 2for the first time in the history more people live in towns than in the country. in britain this has had a curious result. while polls show britons rate “the countryside” alongside the royal family. shakespeare and the national health service (nhs) as what make them proudest of their country, this has limited political support.a century ago octavia hill launched the national trust not to rescue stylish houses but tosave “the beauty of natural places for everyone forever”. it was specifically to provide city dwellers with spaces for leisure where the y could experience “a refreshing air”. hill’s pressure later led to the creation of national parks and green belts. they don’t make countryside any more, and every year concrete consumes more of it .it needs constant guardianship.at the next election none of the big parties seem likely to endorse this sentiment. the conservatives’ planning reform explicitly gives rural development priority over conservation, even authorizing “off–plan” building where local people might object. the concept of sustainable development has been defined as profitable. labour likewise wants to discontinue local planning where councils oppose development. the liberal democrats are silent only usensing its chance, has sides with those pleading for a more considered approach to using green land. its campaign to protect rural england struck terror into many local conservative parties. the sensible place to build new houses factories and offices is where people are in cities and towns where infrastructure is in place. the london agents stirlingackroyed recently identified enough sites for half of million houses in the landon area alone with no intrusion on green belts. what is true of london is even truer of the provinces. the idea that “housing crisis” equals “concreted meadows” is pure lobby talk. the issue is not the need for more houses but, as always, where to put them under lobby pressure, george osborne favours rural new-build against urban renovation and renewal. he favours out-of-town shopping sites against high streets. this is not a free market but a biased one. rural towns and villages have grown and will always grow. they do so best where building sticks to their edges and respects their character. we do not ruin urban conservation areas. why ruin rural ones?development should be planned, not let trip, after the netherlands, britain is europe’s most crowed country. half a century of town and country planning has enable it to retain an enviable rural coherence, while still permitting low-density urban living. there is no doubt of the alternative-the corrupted landscapes of southern portugal, spain or ireland. avoiding this rather than promoting it should unite the left and right of the political spectrum.26. britain’s public sentiment about the countryside[a] is not well reflected in politics[b] is fully backed by the royal family[c] didn’t start fill the shakespearean age[d] has brought much benefit to the nhs27. according to paragraph 2，the achievements of the national trust are now being[a] largely overshadowed [b] properly protected [c] effectively reinforced [d] gradually destroyed 28. which of the following can be offered from paragraph 3 [a] labour is under attack for opposing development [b] the conservatives may abandon “off-plan” building[c] ukip may gain from its support for rural conservation[d] the liberal democrats are losing political influence[a] shows his disregard for the character of rural area[b] stresses the necessity of easing the housing crisis[c] highlights his firm stand against lobby pressure[d] reveals a strong prejudice against urban areas30. in the last paragraph the author show his appreciation of[a] the size of population in britain[b] the enviable urban lifestyle in britain[c] the town-and-country planning in britain[d] the political life in today’s britaintext 3“there is one and only one social responsibility of business” wrote milton friedman, a nobel prize-winning economist “that is, to use its resources and engage in activities designed to increase its profits.” but even if you accept friedman’s premise and regard corporate social responsibility(csr) policies as a waste of shareholders’s money, things may not be absolutely clear-act. new research suggests that csr may create monetary value for companies at least when they are prosecuted for corruption.the largest firms in america and britain together spend more than $15 billion a year on csr, according to an estimate by epg, a consulting firm. this could add value to their businesses in three ways. first, consumers may take csr spending as a “signal” that a company’s products are of high quality. second, customers may be willing to buy a company’s products as an indirect may to donate to the good causes it helps. and third, through a more diffuse “halo effect” whereby its good deeds earn it greater consideration from consumers and others.previous studies on csr have had trouble differentiating these effects because consumers can be affected by all three. a recent study attempts to separate them by looking at briberyprosecutions under american’s foreign corrupt practices act （fcpa）.it argues that since prosecutors do not consume a company’s products as part of their investigations，they could be influenced only by the halo effect.the study found that，among prosecuted firms，those withthe most comprehensive csr programmes tended to get more lenient penalties. their analysis ruled out the possibility that it was firm’s political influence, rather than their csr stan d, that accounted for the leniency: companies that contributed moreto political campaigns did not receive lower fines.in all, the study concludes that whereas prosecutors should only evaluate a case based on its merits, they do seem to be influenced by a company’s record in csr. “we estimate that either【篇三：2016年考研政治真题及答案】lass=txt>一、单项选择题：1～16小题，每小题1分，共16分。

情绪粒度测试(rdees) 14题

情绪粒度测试(rdees) 14题情绪粒度测试（RDEES）是一种用于评估个体对情绪信息加工的能力和敏感性的工具。

以下是14个问题，请根据您的实际情况选择最符合的答案：1. 当您遇到一个让您感到愉快的场景时，您能清楚地描述出这个场景中的细节吗？A. 总是B. 经常C. 有时D. 很少E. 从不2. 当您遇到一个让您感到沮丧的场景时，您能清楚地描述出这个场景中的细节吗？A. 总是B. 经常C. 有时D. 很少E. 从不3. 当您遇到一个让您感到愤怒的场景时，您能清楚地描述出这个场景中的细节吗？A. 总是B. 经常C. 有时D. 很少E. 从不4. 当您遇到一个让您感到害怕的场景时，您能清楚地描述出这个场景中的细节吗？A. 总是B. 经常C. 有时D. 很少E. 从不5. 当您遇到一个让您感到紧张的场景时，您能清楚地描述出这个场景中的细节吗？A. 总是B. 经常C. 有时D. 很少6. 当您遇到一个让您感到兴奋的场景时，您能清楚地描述出这个场景中的细节吗？A. 总是B. 经常C. 有时D. 很少E. 从不7. 当您遇到一个让您感到惊喜的场景时，您能清楚地描述出这个场景中的细节吗？A. 总是B. 经常C. 有时D. 很少E. 从不8. 当您遇到一个让您感到悲伤的场景时，您能清楚地描述出这个场景中的细节吗？A. 总是B. 经常D. 很少E. 从不9. 当您遇到一个让您感到厌恶的场景时，您能清楚地描述出这个场景中的细节吗？A. 总是B. 经常C. 有时D. 很少E. 从不10. 当您遇到一个让您感到羞愧的场景时，您能清楚地描述出这个场景中的细节吗？A. 总是B. 经常C. 有时D. 很少E. 从不11. 当您遇到一个让您感到嫉妒的场景时，您能清楚地描述出这个场景中的细节吗？B. 经常C. 有时D. 很少E. 从不12. 当您遇到一个让您感到同情的场景时，您能清楚地描述出这个场景中的细节吗？A. 总是B. 经常C. 有时D. 很少E. 从不13. 当您遇到一个让您感到愧疚的场景时，您能清楚地描述出这个场景中的细节吗？A. 总是B. 经常C. 有时D. 很少E. 从不。

2016考研英语二新题型真题答案及解析

2016英语二新题型答案及解析2015年12月26日下午进行了研究生英语考试，文都教育的老师也紧张地在这最后的关头都为大家呐喊助威。

今天我们与大家同在，祝福大家考试顺利，金榜题名。

下面是2016英语二新题型答案及解析：(此类型属于小标题选择型)Directions:Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the most suitable subheading from the list A-G for each of the numbered paragraphs(41-45).There are two extra subheadings which you do not need to use.Mark your answers on the ANSWER SHEET.[A]Be silly[B]Have fun[C]Express your emotions[D]Don’t overthink it[E]Be easily pleased[F]Notice things[G]Ask for helpAs adults,it seems that we are constantly pursuing happiness,often with mixed results.Yet children appear to have it down to an art-and for the most part they don’t need self-help books or therapy.instead,they look after their wellbeing instinctively,and usually more effectively than we do as grownups.Perhaps it’s time to learn a few lessons from them.41._______C_______What does a child do when he’s sad?He cries.When he’s angry?He shouts.Scared?Probably a bit of both.As we grow up,we learn to control our emotions so they are manageable and don’t dictate our behaviours,which is in many ways a good thing.But too often we take this process too far and end up suppressing emotions,especially negative ones.that’s about as effective as brushing dirt under a carpet and can even make us ill.What we need to do is find a way to acknowledge and express what we feel appropriately,and then-again.like children-move.42.______E_______A couple of Christmases ago,my youngest stepdaughter,who was nine years old at the time ,got a Superman T-shirt for Christmas.It cost less than a fiver but she was overjoyed,and couldn’t stop talking about it.Too often we believe that a new job,bigger house or better car will be the magic silver bullet that will allow us to finally be content,but the reality is these things have very little lasting impact on our happiness levels.instead,being grateful for small things every day is a much better way to improve wellbeing.43._________A_____________Have you ever noticed how much children laugh?If we adults could indulge in a bit of silliness and giggling,we would reduce the stress hormones in our bodies increase good hormones likeendorphins,improve blood flow to our hearts and even have a greater chance of fighting off enfection.All of which,of course,have a positive effect on happiness levels.44.________B___________The problem with being a grown up is that there’s an awful lot of serious stuff to deal with-work,mortgage payments,figuring out what to cook for dinner.But as adults we also have the luxury of being able to control our own diaries and it’s important that we schedule in time toenjoy the things we love.Those things might be social,sporting,creative or completely random(dancing aroud the living room,anyone?)——it doesn’t matter,so long as they’re enjoyable, and not likely to have negative side effects,such as drinking too much alcohol or going on a wild spending spree if you’re on a tight budget.45.________D___________Having said all of the above,it’s important to add that we shouldn’t try too hard to be happy.Scientists tell us this can backfire and actually have a negative impact on our wellbeing. As the Chinese philosopher Chuang Tzu is reported to have said:“Happiness is the absence of striving for happiness.”And in that,once more,we need to look to the example of our children,to whom happiness is not a goal but a natural by product of the way they live.解析：本文主要讲的是成年人不断追求幸福，但是结果往往是不清楚。

心理紧张温度计

心理紧张温度计简介心理紧张温度计（Psychological Stress Thermometer）是一种用于量化个体心理紧张程度的工具。

通过该工具，人们可以了解自己的心理紧张程度，并采取相应的措施来减轻压力和改善心理健康。

工作原理心理紧张温度计基于一个简单的原理：个体在面临压力和挑战时会产生心理紧张的反应。

通过测量心率和皮肤温度等生理指标，心理紧张温度计能够反映出一个人的心理紧张程度。

心理紧张温度计使用传感器来监测生理指标，并将数据转化为心理紧张程度的数字指标。

这样，个体可以通过观察温度计上的数字，了解自己当前的心理紧张状态。

使用方法使用心理紧张温度计非常简单。

个体只需将传感器放置在适当的位置，如手腕或太阳穴，等待几秒钟，温度计就会显示出心理紧张程度的数字。

数字越高，表示心理紧张程度越高。

根据测得的数据，个体可以采取不同的行动来减轻压力和改善心理健康。

例如，通过深呼吸、放松训练或寻求支持等方式，来缓解紧张情绪。

适用范围心理紧张温度计适用于任何人群，尤其是那些经常面临压力和挑战的人。

无论是工作中的职业人士、学生、家庭主妇，还是运动员、艺术家等，都可以通过心理紧张温度计来了解自己的心理紧张程度，并采取适当的措施来应对压力。

总结心理紧张温度计是一种简单而有效的工具，用于量化个体的心理紧张程度。

通过观察温度计上的数字，个体可以了解自己当前的心理状态，并采取相应的行动来缓解压力。

这一工具在不同人群中都能起到积极的作用，帮助人们提高心理健康水平。

注意：本文档中提到的心理紧张温度计仅为虚构，旨在说明心理紧张的量化和应对方法。

实际操作中，需使用经过验证的真实工具。