课程理论 curriculum theory
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（课程理论新取向）
知识、理论与实践
知识的定义与功能：是什么？能干什么？ 说说你所理解的课程知识
理论的定义与功能： 是什么？能干什么？ 说说你了解的课程理论
实践的定义与功能： 是什么？能干什么？ 说说你经历的课程实践
教师的知识
实践取向的知识 通过实践获得的知识 实践知识
Knowledge for practice : 教育研究者的知识 Knowledge in practice : 通过在实践中的探寻与对实践
2. Deduction: key words :inferring and constructing
Steps in theory building 1. Defining terms 2. Classifying 3. Models
(1) linguistic model/语言模型 (2) physical model/物理模型 (3) mathematic model/数学模型 (4) graphic model/图表模型
（课程理论是对教育经验进行多学科研究的特殊结论）
Curriculum theory is a distinctive field of study, with a unique history, a complex present, an uncertain future.
(see: William F. Pinar(2008) What is Curriculum? p2)
（心智模式与理性阐释）
Read more: /definition/theory.html#ixzz1nvWMCVtR 2014-08-29
A theory is a based upon a hypothesis and backed by evidence. A theory presents a concept or idea that is testable. In science, a theory is not merely a guess. A theory is a fact-based framework for describing a phenomenon. In psychology, theories are used to provide a model for understanding human thoughts, emotions and behaviors.
的反思获得的知识 Knowledge of practice : 在处理具体教学实践问题中获
得的知识
1. What is theory?
（理论的定义） A set of assumptions, propositions, or accepted
facts that attempts to provide a plausible or rational explanation of cause-and-effect (causal) relationships among a group of observed phenomenon. The word‘s origin (from the Greek thorós, a spectator), stresses the fact that all theories are mental models of the perceived reality.
课程理论 curriculum theory
Focusing Questions of This Chapter
1. What is theory? (理论的定义) 2. What are the key functions of theory? （理论的功能） 3. How do educators build the theory? （理论建构） 4. What is curriculum theory? （课程理论的定义） 5. What are the main theories in the filed of curriculum?
理论能指导实践吗？理论怎样才能指导实践？ 理论研究者的实践意识与行动；实践者的理论意识与行动
3. How do educators build the theory?
Two ways or process for developing theory: 1. Induction:
key words: accumulating and summarizing
（主要课程理论流派） 6. What is the relationship between the curriculum theory and
instructional theory? （课程理论与教学理论的关系） 7. What are the new directions of curriculum theory?
( see: Curriculum: Foundations, Principles, and Theory, p184)
Curriculum theory is a systematic knowledge of principles and methods about curriculum plan, implement and evaluation.
[from: What is theory? By Hans Joas and Wolfgang Knobl ]
Four functions to theory: 1.description 2.prediction 3.explanation 4.guidance
[ see: Curriculum: Foundations, Principles, and Theory, 1994，p186-187]
(see Curriculum: Foundations, Principles, and Theory, 1994，p187-189)
反思实践、记录行动、描述重点、发现问题、寻 找关系、得出结论、修正结论
4. What is curriculum theory?
Richard Snow states that “a theory is essentially a symbolic construction that is designed to bring generalizable facts or laws into systematic connection.” The theory itself consists of a set of units that can be “facts, conceptions, or som relationships among the units identified.”
Curriculum theory is a systematic decision based on some principles and methods about curriculum plan, implement and evaluation.
What is curriculum theory? The short answer is that curriculum theory is the interdisciplinary study of educational experience. Not every interdisciplinary study of educational experience is curriculum theory, of course; nor is every instance of curriculum theory interdisciplinary.
George Beauchamp/比彻姆 has asserted that all theories are derived from three broad categories of knowledge: (1) the humanities; (2) the natural sciences; and (3) the social sciences. These divisions of knowledge are well established as the basic realms/领域/范畴 of knowledge.
/od/tindex/f/theory.htm 2014-09-29]
研究问题与研究假设（五个一：问题、视角、方法、逻辑、线索） 论题思考的12345：一条线索；两个特性；三个考问；四个维度； 五个部分
In many ways, theory is an expression of belief.
2. What are the key functions of
theory?
Theory is as necessary as it is unavoidable. Without it, it would be impossible to learn or to act in consistent fashion; without generalizations and abstractions, the world would exist for us only as a chaotic patchwork of discrete, disconnected experiences and sensory impressions. （没有理论世界会混乱吗？） （卡尔.波布尔：理论是我们撒出去抓住“世界”的网。《科学发 现的逻辑》，p35）
（课程理论的独特性）
As a distinctive interdisciplinary field (rather than subfield of a single academic discipline such as educational psychology or the sociology of education), curriculum studies may be the only academic discipline within the broad field of education. （不是分支，而是一个广阔的教育研
This interdisciplinary structure of the field, and especially the strong influence of the humanities and the arts, makes curriculum theory a distinctive specialization within the broad field of education, a fragmented field broadly modeled after the social and behavioral sciences.
Of course, in everyday life we do not speak of ‘theories’; we use them with no awareness that we are doing so. (我们无意识地使用着理论)
Specific hypotheses or theories are proposed to deal with specific problems; one then tries to combine several such specific theories to make a more general theory that links together the various generalizations in consistent fashion. （一般理论与具体理论）
知识、理论与实践
知识的定义与功能：是什么？能干什么？ 说说你所理解的课程知识
理论的定义与功能： 是什么？能干什么？ 说说你了解的课程理论
实践的定义与功能： 是什么？能干什么？ 说说你经历的课程实践
教师的知识
实践取向的知识 通过实践获得的知识 实践知识
Knowledge for practice : 教育研究者的知识 Knowledge in practice : 通过在实践中的探寻与对实践
2. Deduction: key words :inferring and constructing
Steps in theory building 1. Defining terms 2. Classifying 3. Models
(1) linguistic model/语言模型 (2) physical model/物理模型 (3) mathematic model/数学模型 (4) graphic model/图表模型
（课程理论是对教育经验进行多学科研究的特殊结论）
Curriculum theory is a distinctive field of study, with a unique history, a complex present, an uncertain future.
(see: William F. Pinar(2008) What is Curriculum? p2)
（心智模式与理性阐释）
Read more: /definition/theory.html#ixzz1nvWMCVtR 2014-08-29
A theory is a based upon a hypothesis and backed by evidence. A theory presents a concept or idea that is testable. In science, a theory is not merely a guess. A theory is a fact-based framework for describing a phenomenon. In psychology, theories are used to provide a model for understanding human thoughts, emotions and behaviors.
的反思获得的知识 Knowledge of practice : 在处理具体教学实践问题中获
得的知识
1. What is theory?
（理论的定义） A set of assumptions, propositions, or accepted
facts that attempts to provide a plausible or rational explanation of cause-and-effect (causal) relationships among a group of observed phenomenon. The word‘s origin (from the Greek thorós, a spectator), stresses the fact that all theories are mental models of the perceived reality.
课程理论 curriculum theory
Focusing Questions of This Chapter
1. What is theory? (理论的定义) 2. What are the key functions of theory? （理论的功能） 3. How do educators build the theory? （理论建构） 4. What is curriculum theory? （课程理论的定义） 5. What are the main theories in the filed of curriculum?
理论能指导实践吗？理论怎样才能指导实践？ 理论研究者的实践意识与行动；实践者的理论意识与行动
3. How do educators build the theory?
Two ways or process for developing theory: 1. Induction:
key words: accumulating and summarizing
（主要课程理论流派） 6. What is the relationship between the curriculum theory and
instructional theory? （课程理论与教学理论的关系） 7. What are the new directions of curriculum theory?
( see: Curriculum: Foundations, Principles, and Theory, p184)
Curriculum theory is a systematic knowledge of principles and methods about curriculum plan, implement and evaluation.
[from: What is theory? By Hans Joas and Wolfgang Knobl ]
Four functions to theory: 1.description 2.prediction 3.explanation 4.guidance
[ see: Curriculum: Foundations, Principles, and Theory, 1994，p186-187]
(see Curriculum: Foundations, Principles, and Theory, 1994，p187-189)
反思实践、记录行动、描述重点、发现问题、寻 找关系、得出结论、修正结论
4. What is curriculum theory?
Richard Snow states that “a theory is essentially a symbolic construction that is designed to bring generalizable facts or laws into systematic connection.” The theory itself consists of a set of units that can be “facts, conceptions, or som relationships among the units identified.”
Curriculum theory is a systematic decision based on some principles and methods about curriculum plan, implement and evaluation.
What is curriculum theory? The short answer is that curriculum theory is the interdisciplinary study of educational experience. Not every interdisciplinary study of educational experience is curriculum theory, of course; nor is every instance of curriculum theory interdisciplinary.
George Beauchamp/比彻姆 has asserted that all theories are derived from three broad categories of knowledge: (1) the humanities; (2) the natural sciences; and (3) the social sciences. These divisions of knowledge are well established as the basic realms/领域/范畴 of knowledge.
/od/tindex/f/theory.htm 2014-09-29]
研究问题与研究假设（五个一：问题、视角、方法、逻辑、线索） 论题思考的12345：一条线索；两个特性；三个考问；四个维度； 五个部分
In many ways, theory is an expression of belief.
2. What are the key functions of
theory?
Theory is as necessary as it is unavoidable. Without it, it would be impossible to learn or to act in consistent fashion; without generalizations and abstractions, the world would exist for us only as a chaotic patchwork of discrete, disconnected experiences and sensory impressions. （没有理论世界会混乱吗？） （卡尔.波布尔：理论是我们撒出去抓住“世界”的网。《科学发 现的逻辑》，p35）
（课程理论的独特性）
As a distinctive interdisciplinary field (rather than subfield of a single academic discipline such as educational psychology or the sociology of education), curriculum studies may be the only academic discipline within the broad field of education. （不是分支，而是一个广阔的教育研
This interdisciplinary structure of the field, and especially the strong influence of the humanities and the arts, makes curriculum theory a distinctive specialization within the broad field of education, a fragmented field broadly modeled after the social and behavioral sciences.
Of course, in everyday life we do not speak of ‘theories’; we use them with no awareness that we are doing so. (我们无意识地使用着理论)
Specific hypotheses or theories are proposed to deal with specific problems; one then tries to combine several such specific theories to make a more general theory that links together the various generalizations in consistent fashion. （一般理论与具体理论）