Unit 1 Friendship

Unit 1 Friendship Ｉ．单元教学目标II．目标语言III. 教材分析和教材重组1. 教材分析本单元以Friend和Friendship为话题，旨在通过单元教学使学生通过讨论什么是好朋友，什么是真正的友谊，如何交友和保持友谊等问题，使学生树立正确的交友观。

并针对日常交友过程中经常遇到的实际问题，指导学生发表自己的见解和看法，通过进一步讨论提供有效的解决方案。

并能就此以编辑的身份写出指导信，对相关谚语写出观点明确、论证有力的短文。

1.1 Warming Up以调查问卷的形式，通过对学生在日常交友过程中所遇到的五个问题，展开调查，使学生对是否擅长交友做出评价，激发学生对本单元的中心话题产生兴趣；同时也使教师本单元的授课更具有针对性，从而有效地帮助学生树立正确的交友观。

1.2 Pre-Reading通过四个问题引导学生讨论交友的重要性以及自己心目中好朋友的概念和标准，并使学生认识到不仅人与人，人与物（如日记）也可以成为好朋友。

继续探究并树立正确交友观，并为阅读作好了准备。

1.3 Reading讲述第二次世界大战的纳粹统治时期，犹太人Anne一家过着滇沛流漓，与世隔绝的生活。

Anne在孤独中只能以日记Kitty 为友，倾诉衷肠，伴其渡过两年的逃亡生涯。

控诉了纳粹党的残暴统治给犹太人民带来了深重的灾难，并以日记的形式表达了以主人公Anne为代表的全世界人民憎恨战争渴望和平的共同心愿。

学生学习了新的词汇、句型，提高了阅读水平。

文中选用了主人公的一篇日记，使学生进一步感受到了挚友的可贵，对主人公内心世界的描写有了更深刻的理解。

1.4 Comprehension 设计了三种题型。

其中前两个是考查学生对READING文章细节内容的理解，最后一题是开放性问题，学生可以在更深入理解主人公内心世界的基础上各抒己见，使学生养成勤于思考勇于探究的良好的学习习惯，现时也培养了学生的想象力，进一步提高了阅读水平。

1.5 Learning About Language分词汇和语法两部分。

其中，Word study是根据英文释意或在语境中掌握和运用词汇。

Grammar是关于直接引语和间接引语的用法训练，包括单句的练习和情景语法练习。

1.6 Using Language由Reading、Listening 和Writing三部分交互组合而成。

指导学生在读和听的输入性学习之后，完成说和写的输出性应用练习。

Speaking就朋友的种类进行讨论，设计问卷后展开调查；Writing要求学生写一封指导信，就如何交友问题提出忠告和建议。

此类任务型训练题，在听说读写综合提高的同时，培养了学生的创新意识和实践能力。

2. 教材重组2.1 听力Using language中的Listening与Workbook中LISTENING和LISTENING TASK三部分话题较为接近，其中Listening部分是关于为什么日记会成为Anne的好朋友的一段话。

要求学生填出所缺单词。

在提高听力的同时，更加深了对Reading部分的理解。

Talking部分是在听完有关交友原因的对话后，以对所给两个问题讨论的方式，要求学生就对话内容发表自己的观点和看法，说出理由并得出结论。

该部分在提高听说和交友水平的同时，也培养了学生的逻辑推理能力。

此三部分都是在谈论朋友和友谊，以及如何解决朋友之间所存在的问题，可以放在同一节课中处理。

2.2 口语Speaking 和Workbook 中的TALKING 和SPEAKING TASK涉及到本单元的功能句，指导学生表明观点，发表意见并说明原因，可以整合在一起上一堂口语课。

2.3精读可将Warming up、Pre-reading、Reading 和Comprehension 三部分整合在一起上一节阅读课。

2.4 泛读Workbook中的READING TASK介绍夏威夷人表达友谊的方式，再加入课外阅读材料，更好地理解朋友和友谊的深刻含义，上一节泛读课。

2.5 语言学习包括Leaning about language和Workbook中的WORDS AND EXPRESSIONS以及STRUC URES。

2.6 语言运用Using language中Reading and Writing，指导学生学写一封就交友问题提出忠告的指导信，以及Workbook 中的WRITING TASK要求学生在理解与主题相关谚语的基础上，发表意见并说明原因，写出短文。

3. 课型设计与课时分配1st period Warming up and Reading (I)2st period Reading (II)3st period Language study4st period Listening5st period Speaking6st period Writing（以上课时分配与教材重组，仅供参考，教师可因时因地因人而异，不必拘泥于此。

）IV. 分课时教案The First Period Reading (I)Teaching goals 教学目标1. Target language目标语言a. 重点词汇和短语add, point, upset, ignore, calm, loose, cheat, reason, list, share, feeling, Netherlans, German, series, outdoors, crazy, nature, purpose, dare, thunder, entirely, power, according, accordingly, trust, indoors, suffer, add up, calm down, have got to, be concerned about, walk the dog, go through, hide away, set down, a series of, on purpose, in order to, face to faceb. 重点句子I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.For example, when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven on evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face.2. Ability goals 能力目标a. Enable Ss to talk about friends and friendship.What should you do to be a good friend?Why do you need friends?What do you think a good friend should be like?What else can be your friend besides a person?b. Understand the text and answer the following questions.How and why did Anne make her diary the only true friend?Had Anne ever been spellbound by nature before? How about being in the hidingplace? Why?Why didn’t she go downstairs one evening until the window had to be shut?What would you miss most if you went into hiding like Anne and her family? Explain why.How would you describe Anne’s feelings as she was looking out into the night sky? What attitude on earth should the wide oppressed people take towards the powerful Nazis?c. Enable the Ss to understand the details about the passage, choosing the correct answer according the text and fill in the form about the passage and the diary.d. Retell the passage using the first person.3. Learning ability goals 学能目标Enable the Ss learn how to talk about friends and friendship.What do friends and friendship mean?What should you do to be a good friend?Why do you need friends?What do you think a good friend should be like?What else can be your friend besides a person?Teaching important points教学重点a. Talk about friends and friendship.What should you do to be a good friend?Why do you need friends?What do you think a good friend should be like?b. Discuss the questions of comprehension.Why did Anne make her diary the only true friend?Teaching difficult points教学难点a. Understand the real meaning of friends and friendship.b. Discuss the questions.What would you miss most if you went into hiding like Anne and her family? Explain why.How would you describe Anne’s feelings as she was looking out into the night sky?c. Discuss what attitude on earth the wide oppressed people should take towards the powerful Nazis.Teaching methods教学方法a. Skimming and scanning.b. Asking-and-answering activity to check the Ss’ understanding of the text.c. Individual, pair or group work to finish each task.d. Discussion.Teaching aids教具准备A recorder, a computer and a projector.Teaching procedures & ways教学过程与方式Step I Leading inAs this is the first class of a new term, teacher can lead the Ss to think of making new friends in the strange school.T: Welcome to our school, everyone. You have a new school, new teachers and new classmates. Would you like to make new friends with each other?S: Yes, of course.T: Very good!Step II Warming upFirst, ask each student to make the survey by filling the form and choose the answers. Teacher shows the scoring sheet to them, add up their score and see how many points they can get all by themselves. Second, teacher shows the instruction. Get the Ss to judge which grade they belong to according to their points and decide if they are good friends or not by themselves secretly. Third, they’ve known how well they treat their friends and what they should do to be a good friend themselves.T: Do you have any friends?S: Yes, I do. I have made a lot of friends.T: Are you good to your friends?S: Yes, of course.T: We always think we are kind to our friends. But in fact, we are not quite sure if we are considerate enough? Now let us make the following survey. First, please choosethe answers all by yourselves.The Ss are choosing the answers.T: Are you finished?Ss: Yes.T: OK, I’ll show you the scoring sheet on the screen.Please fill in the following form quickly. Add up your scores and see how many points you can get all by yourselves. Are you clear?Ss: Yes, sir / madam.Show the following form and the scoring sheet on the screen.Scoring sheet for the survey1A1 B3 C2 2A1 B2 C3 3A1 B2 C34A3 B2 C1 5A0 B6 C0T: All right! I think most of you have got high points. Do you want to know which grade you belong to?Ss: Certainly.T: Now I’ll show the instruction on the screen. Please judge which grade you belong to according to your points and decide if you are good friends or not by yourselves secretly.Show the Ss the instructions.T: All right. I see you’ve known how well you treat your friends and what you should do to be a good friend. I hope all of us can be good friends with each other soon. Do you agree with me?Ss: Yes, of course.Step III Pre-readingGet the Ss to discuss the questions on Page 2 with their partners. Then ask the Ss to report their work. Encourage the Ss to express their different opinions. Make it clear that not only can we make friends with human beings, but also with animals and even things that have no life.T: Now please look at the slide show. And discuss these questions with your partners. Then I’ll ask some students to report your work. Are you clear?Ss: Yes, sir/madam.Show the following on the screen.After the Ss’ discussion, teacher says the following.T: Now who’d like to answer the first question? V olunteer!Sa: Let me try. I think friends are important to all of us.Because we need to help with each other.Sb: We also need someone to care and understand, to share sorrows and happiness. Sc: Everyone needs a friend to be true to us whether near or far apart.T: Quite right. Next question?Sd: I think my good friend should have a lot in common and our thoughts are always near.Se: I need my friends to give me courage to solve all kinds of problem.Sf: I think my friends should support me whenever I need help.Sg: I’d like my friends to communicate with me frequently.Sh: In my opinion, my friends should have the same kind of sense of humor so that we can laugh together.T: Terrific! I wish everyone to have some good friends whose friendship always be treasured in our hearts. Not only can we make friends with human beings, but also with animals and even things that have no life. How about the third question?Si: Yes, because persons can understand and communicate with each other more easily and conveniently.Sj: I think other things like pets, books, toys, balls, and instruments can also be our friends.T: Wonderful! You have a very great imagination. Now who can answer the last question?Sk: Yes, I think so. Because you can tell everything to it freely, it can accompany me all the time. It never needs me to pay back.Sl: But I don’t think so. Because it’s unbelievable for a person to communicate with a diary. And your secrets will be easily and completely let out in case that it is read by others or your diary books are lost. If I had been Anne, I would have made friends with my parents.T: Most of our friends are human beings, but sometimes we make friends with animals or even things like diary. You’ve done an excellent job.Step IV ReadingScanningGet the Ss to comprehend the passage quickly and accurately and meanwhile help the Ss to form a good habit of reading. Teacher gives the Ss a couple of minutes to look through the whole passage. Tell the Ss to read the text silently and then ask some detail questions about the text on the slide show with their partners. Teacher encourages the Ss to express their ideas.T: We’re going to learn a passage about Anne’s best friend. The story happened during World War II. Now let’s look at the slide show. Read the text quickly and find answers to the following questions.Show the questions on the screen.T: Now who can tell me what was Anne’s best friend?How and why did Anne make it her only true friend?S1: Anne made her diary her best friend, to whom she could tell her deepest feelings and thoughts.S2: Because during World War II, as Jewish, Anne and her family had to hide away in order not to be caught by the German Nazis.S3: After hiding, she didn’t dare to go out. She felt very lonely and unhappy. So she couldn’t meet her old friends and make any other new friends besides her diary.S4: Maybe she didn’t trust others except her diary, to whom she could tell everything. S5: She didn’t set down a series of facts in a diary as most people do, treating her diary as her friend, to whom she told her deepest feelings and thoughts.T: Exactly. How about question 2?S6: No, she hadn’t. Nature had never have kept her spell-bound before she came to Amsterdam.S7: After being in the hiding place, Anne had grown crazy about everything to do with nature.S8: Because she didn’t dare to face nature, being afraid of being discovered by the Nazis.S9: But she was eager to enjoy the light and longed for the peace and happiness.T: Quite right. Question3?S10: Because she was held entirely in the nature’s power.S11: She didn’t dare to face the night except that evening.S12: She was always worried about being caught by the Nazism, although she was crazy about nature.S13: It exposed the heroine’s complicated and conflicting spirit mood of either scaring and hating the war and oppress, or longing for peace and looking forward to happiness.T: Well done! I think you may continue to read it again to get more details. SkimmingIn this part, the Ss will read the text again and then work together with their partners to get the main idea. Then teacher shows the form on the screen. Give the a few minutes to fill in the form about the whole text. Check the answers with the whole class.T: Now please skim the passage fast to get the main idea with your partners.S1: It exposed the crimes that the Nazis oppressed the Jewish and made them suffer the extreme misery and hardship.S2: It showed the common ideal and wish of the whole world people, hating wars and terrors while longing for peace and freedom.T: Good job. Now let’s try to obtain a general under-standing of the whole passage, including the diary. While reading, please fill in the form.Show the form with blanks on the screen.Anne’s best friendSample diaryT: Now it’s time for us to check the form.ExplanationT: Now let’s deal with some language points. Turn to Page 2. Let’s look at the sentences.I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.This sentence means that Anne couldn’t go out for so long that she had felt wildly exited about nature.For example, when it was so warm, I stayed awake on purpose until half past eleven one evening in order to have a good look at the moon for once by myself.This sentence tells us that on a very warm evening, Anne stayed up until half past eleven so as to look at the moon for once by herself.It was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face....This sentence means that it was a year and a half since she and her family hid away and she had a look at the moon face to face with the window open by herself.Step V ComprehensionRead the passage again. First ask the Ss to do Ex 1 by themselves. And then do Ex 2 with their partners. At last, get them to discuss the answers of Ex 3 in groups of 4. T: Now please read the passage again and then turn to page 3. First let’s do Ex 1 by yourselves.A few minutes later.T: OK, now let’s check the answers with the whole class.Ss: 1. Anne kept a diary because she could tell everything to it.2. She felt very lonely because she couldn’t meet her friends.3. They had to hide because Jews were caught by Nazis and put away.4. Anne named her diary Kitty because she thought it was her best friend.5. They were finally caught because they were discovered.T: Now, it’s time for us to do Ex 2, please talk about the answers with your partners. The Ss are talking about their choices.T: All right! Let’s choose the correct answers and tell us why.Ss: 1. D. Because in her diary, she wrote that “it was the first time in a year and a half that I’d seen the night face to face.”2. C. Because “she wanted a friend whom she could tell everything to, like her deepest feelings and thoughts.”But it’s dangerous to trust others easily in the hiding place.3. D. Because she wrote in her diary that “I wonder if it’s because I haven’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I’ve grown so crazy about everything to do with nature.”4. A. Because “Her family was Jewish so they had to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazis.” And “The moon gave far too much light.” That means the moon was so bright that it might make the Nazis discover her family hiding there. If so, they would be caught.5. B. Because the diary was written in June, 1945 and it was in a year and a half that she’d seen the night face to face.T: Now let’s deal with Ex 3. Please look at the slide show. Now I’ll give you a few minutes to discuss the answers to the two questions in groups of 4.Show the questions on the screen.T: Now who’d like to answer question 1? V olunteer!S1: I missed my school most because I was eager to get more knowledge and I had studied there for many years with my teachers and classmates.S2: I missed some public places such as amusement parks, gardens, museums, and zoos. I could enjoy myself and played happily and freely like other children.S3: I missed the department store most because I could buy whatever I wanted, like excellent toys, beautiful clothes and delicious food. I could live a happy life again.S4: I missed my relatives and friends very much. I felt extremely lonely in this strange hiding place. I needed them to support and encourage me to get through the hard time. T: Excellent! I think you’ve understood Anne’s deepest feelings and thoughts. The second question?S5: Anne and her family had to live the life of wandering about and departing from the world. She felt very lonely and sad, so she was just able to make a friend with her diary.S6: She worried that her family couldn’t escape from the clutches of the devil at last. They were at the danger. It was probable for them to be discovered at any time.S7: She was very angry with the crimes for the Nazis to oppress the Jewish and make them suffering the extreme misery and hardship. She also hated wars and terrors very much.S8: She longed for peace, freedom and happiness with the common ideal and wish of the whole world people.S9: She grew very tired of the life without freedom and felt helpless because she could do nothing but to hide away, having her heart in her mouth and living in fear of being caught.S10: She wondered what she could do to change the unhappy situation, but she daren’t face the fact because she was frightened to suffer cruel persecution, not having the power of resistance.T: Excellent job. You have understood the feelings of Anne.Step VI HomeworkShow the following on the screen.1. If you had been Anne, what have you done at that time? Discuss what attitude on earth the wide oppressed people should take towards the powerful Nazis, choosing inactive and passive waiting for death, or uniting actively to face the reactionaries and fight against them bravely?2. Retell the text using about 100 words.Notes:1) Use the first person to retell the passage.2) Try to use proper prepositions and conjunctions.3) Make use of the chart above while retelling.3．Prepare for the reading task on Page 44 and think about what different ways of showing friendship are in Hawaii.4. If possible, read the book “Anne’s Diary”published either in English or Chinese. Passage Analyzing篇章分析I 课文图解Text ChartRead the text, and then fill in the chart.Anne’s best friendSample diaryII 课文Text RetellingThe possible version below can be used as a material for both retelling and dictation.One possible version:I lived in Amsterdam in the Netherlands during World War II. My family was Jewish, so we had been hid away for a year and a half in order not to be caught by the German Nazis. During that time I hadn’t been able to be outdoors for so long that I had grown so crazy about everything to do with nature. Once, I decided to look at the moon at midnight. But I didn’t dare to open the window to see the night face to face because I was afraid of being discovered by the Nazis. I felt very lonely without seeing my old friends. So I had to make a new true friend, my diary Kitty, whom I could tell everything to. Unfortunately, at last my family was discovered and caught by the German Nazis half a year later.III 德育渗透Moral EducationTeacher can guide the Ss to understand the text deeply, making the Ss to realize that wars and cruelty will bring incomparably grave disaster. Arouse the Ss to love peace, hate wars and establish the correct outlook on life, which has great realistic meaning. Call on every student tojoin the League and agree to and fully support the leadership of the Communist Party from now on. Cherish and safeguard the peaceful and stable political situation. Unite with the whole world people who love peace in order to abolish all the reactionaries thoroughly and realize the international communism in the end.IV 写作技巧Writing Techniques1. 写作特点Writing Characteristic1) Lead in the topic of friends and friendship by beginning with an imperative sentence so as to arouse the readers’ strong curiosity and interest.2) Insert the form of a diary, using Anne’s diary “Kitty”as the second person to tell her deepest feelings. Reveal the inner world of the heroine by Anne Diary’s clarification and description of her detailed deep thoughts and emotions.3) Use the sharp contrastive plot, like two groups of expressions “a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers”and “the dark, rainy evening, the wind, the thundering clouds”, to express the heroine’s complicated and conflicting spirit mood of either scaring and hating the war and oppress, or longing for peace and lookingforward to happiness.1)用设问句引入日记成为好友这一主题，引起读者强烈的好奇心和阅读兴趣。