中国文化概况Chapter1 ppt

Tarim Basin, the Junggar Basin (1000m-2000m)
Inner Mongolia Plateau, the Loess Plateau黄土高原
the North China Plain （北部平原） and the Middle-Lower Yangtze Plain(长江平原);(500-1000m)
The continental Shelf大陆架
Qinghai-Tibet Plateau（高原） (above4000m)
Yunnan-Guizhou Plateau and Sichuan Basin (1000m-2000m)
Rivers and Lakes 河流和湖泊

More than 1,500 rivers each drain 1,000 sq km or larger areas Source on the Qinghai-Tibet Plateau, rich in water –power(水能) resources 24,800 natural lakes

The Ancient Period古代史


Why are we called “the descendants(后裔) of Yan and Huang (炎黄子孙)”? Chinese history began with two legendary figures— Emperor（皇帝） Huang and Emperor Yan, who, together with their tribes（部落）, inhabited（居住） the drainage（排水） area along the middle reaches （中游） of the Yellow River. By the time of Xia Dynasty（朝代）, after centuries of living side by side, these two tribes had gradually merged into（合 并） one. Consequently, the Chinese people usually call themselves “the descendants of Yan and Huang”.
Grand Canal大运河



The Grand Canal is also called Jinghang Canal (1,801 km) The canal was open to navigation over 1,000 years ago. It passes through one city, four provinces and links five major rivers.
Forbidden City紫禁城
Ming Tombs明十三陵
Temple of Heaven天坛
Summer Palace颐和园
Great Wall 长城
Geography 地理


Location and Boundary Topography Rivers and Lakes Climate
Location and Boundary 区域
In the east of the Asia On the western shore of the Pacific Ocean Land area of about 9.6 million sq km, the third largest country
What’s your impression of the Yangtze River（长江）?


The longest river in China; (6,300km) Through 11 provinces, autonomous regions （自治区）and municipalities（直辖 市）. The main artery（干线） of water transportation between eastern and western China.






serves as 充当 economic经济 scientific科学 cultural文化 Taking a bird’s-eye view 鸟瞰 geography 地理 plateau高原 basin 盆地 canal大运河 climate 气候
An outline history
Climate气候


A warm climate and distinct（明显的） seasons Continental monsoon（季风气候） climate in China: 1) cold and dry winters; 2) warm and humid summers;
Important words and phrases
March of the Volunteers（义勇军进行曲） was written in 1935 and was officially adopted as the national anthem of the PRC on December 4, 1982. The lyrics of March of the Volunteers goes as follow:
National Flag国旗
The color the The red design of of the
flag smaller symbolizes four stars （象征） (围绕) surrounding arevolution bigger one （革命） signifies( 意味着) and the yellow the unity （团结） color of the stars of the Chinese the golden brilliant people under the rays radiating（辐 leadership of the 射） from the vast Communist Party red land. of China （中国共 产党）.
Topography地形
What are the features of Chinese topography?

Highlands in the west and plains in the east. Taking a bird’s-eye view of China(鸟瞰中 国), the terrain（地形） descends from the west to east like a four-staircase:
Brief Introduction to Chinese Symbols



National Day 国庆节 National Emblem 国徽 National Anthem 国歌 National Capital 首都
National Day国庆节

Chinese celebrate（庆祝） October 1 as National Day in honour of （以纪念） the founding of the People’s Republic of China (PRC)（中华人民共和国） on October 1, 1949.
National Emblem国徽

Composed of patterns of the national flag, the Tian’anmen Rostrum（城 楼）, a wheel gear （齿轮） and ears of wheat（小麦 穗）, it symbolizes the New-Democratic Revolution （新民主革命） of the Chinese people since the May 4th Movement in 1919 and the birth of New China.


Yuanmou Man and Peking Man The Ancient Period The Modern Times
Yuanmou Man and Peking Man

Hale Waihona Puke The first primitive man known to have existed in China is Yuanmou Man, who lived 1.7 million years ago. Peking Man, who existed more than 400,000 years ago, could walk upright(直 立), make and use simple tools.
What’s your impression of the Yellow River?


China’s second longest river; (5,464 km) The most heavily siltladen（泥沙淤积） river in the world. The Yellow river catchment area（下游） is an important base for grains（谷物） in China.
National Anthem（国歌）


Arise, ye who refuse（拒绝） to be slaves（奴隶）; Let us amount our flesh and blood towards our new Great Wall! The Chinese nation faces its greatest peril（困境）, The thundering roar（轰鸣声） of our people will be heard! Arise! Arise! Arise! We are many, but our hearts beat as one! Selflessly（万众一心） braving the enemy’s gunfire（炮火）, march on! Selflessly braving the enemy’s gunfire, march on! March on! March on! on!