论初中生学习英语的障碍The Obstacles of High School Students

The Obstacles of High School Student s’ in English Learning and Its CountermeasuresAcknowledgementsI feel excited after completing the paper. During the period of writing the paper, I got a lot of enthusiastic help.First and foremost, my deepest gratitude goes to dear teacher Wang, my supervisor. Without his consistent and illuminating instruction, this thesis could not have reached its present form.Second, I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to the professors and teachers at the school of the University of Liaoning Science and Technology, who instructed and helped me a lot in the past three years.At the same time, my thanks would go to my beloved family for their loving considerations and great confidence in me all through these years. I also owe my sincere gratitude to my friends and my fellow classmates who gave me their help and time in listening to me and helping me work out my problems during the difficult course of the thesis.Last but not the least, thanks go to the experts who took time to review and give their valuable opinions for this article.ContentsAbstract (English) (i)Abstract (Chinese) (ii)Introduction (1)I. The investigation (2)A. The respondents (2)B. The report (2)C. Analysis the report (3)II. The obstacles in the English learning (3)A. The obstacles in the classroom education (3)1. The style of spoon-feeding education (4)2. The style of old-fashioned (4)3. The style of being weary of learning (4)4. The style of mother tongue (4)B. The students’ mental disorder (5)1. Reliant mind (5)2. The frustrated psychology (5)3. The psychology of inferiority (5)4. The psychology of boredom (5)5. The psychology of fear (6)6. The reverse psychology (6)C. The lack of the learning environment (6)III. The countermeasures (6)A. The countermeasure for classroom education (6)1. Carried out some games in class (6)2. The construction of English teaching equipment (7)B. The countermeasure for encouraging students’ interest (7)1. The design of lesson plans conform to the students’ reality (8)2. Control the students’ attention in the class (8)C. The ability training of self- learning (9)1. Creating the classroom environment of encouraging the students’ learningand cultivation students ' self- learning consciousness (9)2. Renewal the teaching idea and mobilization the enthusiasm of students’self-learning (10)D. Learning group after class (10)1. Building the scientific learning group (11)2. Outstanding the students’ principal status (11)3. Selection the way of the cooperative learning groups (11)Conclusion (11)Bibliography (13)AbstractExcept for the subject of Chinese and mathematic, the subject of English has as one of the important subjects. Many children have been exposed to the English in the kindergarten. Under all kinds of training, the children will quickly understanding a kind of language. However, when the subject of English really be the subject for examination in the middle school, a lot of students feel that it has a little difficult to learn English. The middle school students study English, in normal conditions, will be interested in learning English and be glad to do it at the first period, but after a piece of period, some students’ambition come down, and they have no confidence in study English, even to getting boredom and low marks. In the paper, through the way of making report to understand and analyzes the obstacles of High School students’in English learning and its countermeasures. This thesis puts its emphasis on the obstacles of high school students’ in English learning, including the obstacles in the English education, the students’ mental disorder and the lace of learning environment. At the same time, this thesis analyses the countermeasures for overcoming these obstacles, including the countermeasures from the aspect of education, students and the learn environment. This thesis is meaningful in English education.Key word:middle school students learning English report study obstacles countermeasure摘要除了语文和数学，英语也已经视为重要的学科之一。

从幼儿开始孩子们就已经接触英语，在各种训练之下，孩子会迅速掌握一门语言。

然而当英语在初中阶段真正作为考试科目来学习以后，很多学生却感觉学习英语异常吃力。

中学生学习英语，一开始感到新鲜、有兴趣，劲头也足。

过了一个阶段，有些学生的学习兴趣逐渐减退了，对继续学好英语失去信心，甚至产生厌烦情绪，成绩下降。

本论文是对初中生在学习英语过程中存在的问题及对策的研究。

在这次论文中，我通过调查报告的方法来了解和分析初中生在学习英语过程中的障碍及策略。

本位币着重分析初中生学习英语的障碍，其中包括课堂教学中的障碍，初中生自身的心理障碍和英语学习环境的障碍。

同时也分析了克服这些障碍的策略，从教学方面，初中生的自身方面和学习环境的氛围方面找到克服障碍的策略。

本文的研究或多或少的会对英语教学起到作用。

关键词：初中生学习英语调查报告障碍策略The Obstacles of High School Student s’ in English Learning andIts CountermeasuresIntroductionThe status of English subject has achieved unprecedented levels, and the subject of English as well as the subject of Chinese and mathematics has became the important examination in the college entrance examination .Nowadays, teaching English has expanded to the Preschool Education. Many children have been exposed to the English in the kindergarten so that they could build up a solid basis for their further study on English. Psychological studies indicate that the best period for learning language usually from the age one to five, and during the period, not only the children have the strong ambition of learning language, but also the children’s parents will use all kinds of the way to train their ability of language so as to make children have a good understanding of language. In this training, the children will quickly understand a kind of language. However, when the subject of English really be the subject for examination in the middle school, a lot of students feel that it has a little difficult to learn English. The middle school students study English, in normal conditions, will be interested in learning English and be glad to do it at the first period, but after a piece of period, some students’ambition have come down, and they have no confidence to go on study English, even getting boredom and low marks. The English education in the middle school takes a lot of time, has ponderous burden, and has less whole effective. The students are tired of study, and the teachers are tired of teaching. Why have these conditions? The level of teachers’ qualifications is uneven. The level of the students’ intelligence quotient is irregularly, and so on. They could be one of the reasons of these problems. But, through the investigation which I make indicates that the condition of middle school students is not good. We should attach importance to it. Basic on the report we summarize three important effects on the obstacles of the middle school students’English learning: the obstacles in the classroom education, the students’mental disorder, and also the lace of the learning environment. We have to paid close attention to these, so the thesis also analyses the countermeasures forovercoming these obstacles, including the countermeasures from the aspect of education, students and the learn environment. This thesis is meaningful in English education.I. The investigationA. The respondents: One hundred middle school studentsB. The report:At April, 2011, I do this report in one of middle school to one hundred students with the style of no name and randomization. These students seriously do these report paper. I gave out 100 pieces and received 60 pieces. Then count the data. The report is following:C. Analysis the reportThe survey No.1, 2 indicate that lots of students are not interested in English learning and are not positive in English class. The classroom education can not attract the students learn English.The survey No.3, 4 we can know that only 20% students can understand what the teachers say, 42% of them are hardly to understand, and half of them do not understand someone speak English. That means lots of students who have learnt English for four years or five years still have a little knowledge of English.The survey No.5 indicates that when the students learn new words, 66% of them write the phonetic in Chinese. They have the reliant mind.The survey No.6, 7 indicate that 65% students do not prepare the lesson before the class and 58% students do not do any additional texts, which mean the students do not self learning in English.The survey No.8, 9 indicate that that the students have the limitation of speaking English and using English.Above on, the data of the report indicate that the general problems of high school students in English learning. Through the investigation we will analyze the specific obstacles in English learning.II. The obstacles in the English learningA. The obstacles in the classroom educationThe middle school English classroom education is the important way to improve the students’English learning interesting, and also the key to improve the quality of English education. How to teach for the teacher in the class and how to study for the students in theclass? It is always the important problem for the researchers to discuss. In recent years, the classroom education in the middle school achieves a little better effective through reform and summery. But now the students in the English learning still have some problem. Based on the survey report, we can know the major problem that affect and block the improvement of the classroom education quality in middle school.1. The style of spoon-feeding educationIn the class, some teachers spout on and on, and the blackboard is full of words, then the students keeping writing their notes. These kinds of spoon-feeding education bring many disadvantages. The more the teachers teach, the less the students get the opportunity of understanding knowledge by themselves and of the ability of training. The students have no time to think, to digest, and to absorb the knowledge so that they can not consolidate their physics knowledge. Once more, to teach a lot has no importance, and the students can not understand the important points. So the students easily to grow tired and do not have the atmosphere to study in class.2. The style of old-fashionedSome teachers have class in the original position that do not have the modern instrument to assist, such as no language lab, no slideshows, and no computers, even more the recorders less to be used. From the class beginning to end only the teachers’ speech, there is no point in attracting the students.3. The style of being weary of learningIn normal conditions, the students always learn English character by drilling them into their head. Some of them even unknown the phonetic symbol and can not spell the word. They usually repeatedly recite and write the letters in order just like read the telephone numbers. As a result, it is not effective for the students to study hard. They can not pronounce accurately the word which they have learned and not learn, to add a lot of homework, the students feel that more and more difficult to study, then they will be afraid of and be tired of learning English.4. The style of mother tongueWhen the students meet the new word, they write the phonetic symbol in Chinese. In the class some teachers teach English in Chinese, they change the English class into Chinese class.B. The students’ mental disorderExcept for the objective reasons that the survey indicated, the chief reasons are that some subjective reasons exist in middle school students for the English learning—the students’ mental disorder.1. Reliant mindReliant mind means that someone is lack of self-learning and independence. Due to misunderstanding of the English learning, some students never speak English; even have no knowledge of the basic spelling. They do not recite the word or the structures: some of them are lack of the ability of self-control. The students do not concentrate their efforts on having class, do not prepare for the class and do not repeat for the class in time, copy or not finish their homework. They do not have the motivated in the classroom, and when they meet the problem on study, they do not take the initiative to ask, so they become the reliant mind.2. The frustrated psychologyEvery student has the needs that contributed to improving the students’ confidence and the ability of their creative to make their potation to come true, But in the equal competition learning, the students get less opportunities of praise；on the contract, they get more experience from their failure. So the students feel paint and sad.3. The psychology of inferiorityThe students can not actually analyze the reasons of getting low grades; they always think that someone who gets high scores is cleverer than himself or herself. Second, they are afraid of the opinions from others and of the assessment of their teachers’ and classmates’. If they lost their mood, they will be the fear of inferiority.4. The psychology of boredomBecause of the poor foundation, the students have no chance to exchange their ideas to others in the classroom learning, they have a sense of boredom even to parents, teachers andstudents5. The psychology of fearFailures at each examination in the learning, the students who face the pressures of school and have fragile psychological ability is afraid of the wrong psychology, and they can not get the help from their teachers or parents, so they are easy to lose their courage and confidence to study. Then they are afraid of study.6. The reverse psychologyWhen the students completely lose the confidence to study, at this time teachers have paid no attention to the student's emotional situation, and force the students to transfer their emotion, the students easy to close their mind, refuse which could accept things, then the students will produce dissatisfied, showed unusual emotion and behavior tendency and breeding of reverse psychology.C. The lack of the learning environmentThe purpose of learning language is to adept application language for day-to-day communication. However, the Students are sometimes or accidentally speak English, and can not speak English as usual. Some of the students even do not understand English what the others speak. Some students began to learn English from primary school seven or eight years, they still not fully understood. Although the written test will get high marks, but when they speak English, they will have the problem of "deaf English"--could not understand and "mute English". That is the major regret in our learning English.III. The countermeasuresA.The countermeasure for classroom education1.Carried out some games in classClassroom teaching is often only 45 minutes. Now, because the task of English teaching is relatively heavy, so the teachers always make the use of the class to impart knowledge to students and do not stop speaking in the whole class. This is called “cramming method of teaching”. Everyone knows that the model of “cramming method of teaching” can not takeideal effect, on the contract, will lead to the psychology of being weary of learning. If the teachers speak slowly and do some games in class, the students will be interested in English learning.2.The construction of English teaching equipmentToday’s society is the era of rapid development of science and technology, but the English teaching is still at the condition of old-fashion, who can not adapt to the demands of today’s development. Language teaching in some developed countries has generally used advanced teaching methods, not only through the equipment of language laboratory, slides, tape recorders, video recorders to aid in teaching, also uses the way of computer teaching, computer test and so on. Today's society is the era of rapid development of science and technology, still at the original teaching of English teaching in the State, cannot adapt to the demands of the development of the times. Language teaching in some developed countries has generally used advanced teaching methods, not only through the equipment of language laboratory, slides, tape recorders, video recorders to aid in teaching, also uses the way of computer teaching, computer test and so on. These advanced teaching equipment, particularly the way of computer teaching and computer examination has not been widespread use in English teaching in middle schools in China. In order to improve the quality of English teaching in middle school, we must strengthen the construction of English teaching equipment, using advanced equipment to teaching, such as the multimedia teaching. Application of multimedia technology in text, sound, images, animations, and so comprehensive processing capabilities and powerful interactive features, preparation of computer-assisted instruction courseware, learning content into images of abstract, dull, interesting, Visual, audible dynamic content which will create a Windows Media-vivid vivid teaching situation, arousing students ' interest in learning, learning motivation of students in.. I think that the popularization of multimedia teaching in junior middle school.B. The countermeasure for encouraging students’ interestFor the students have the ambition to learn, the teachers not only tell the reasons and clear the objectives of learning, but also be making their classes lively and interesting toattract students to keep the strong interest in English learning. For the primary students, the interest is the motive force to study. Developing the students’to love this subject, and the good teaching methods are also the important factors for encouraging the students’ interest in learning. If there is no interesting in class, the students are not willing t learn. It is a large extent for the students’ interest in learning from the subjective efforts of their teachers, which requires teachers continuously observation and conclusion in teaching training study, the teachers should pay attention to two aspects of work:1. The design of lesson plans conform to the students’ realityIf the design of lesson plans conforms to the students’reality, the teachers should carefully consider the knowledge which they speak and how to understand in students’ mind and in accordance with the teaching method of characteristics to determine, and strive to achieve the unity of teaching and learning. For example, how the teachers to lead new knowledge, new sentence patterns, how to use the students familiar with the phenomenon to explain a concept of life, how to create scenarios, how inductive learned knowledge, and so on, they are all conform to the reality, so the students will be interested in English.2. Control the students’ attention in the classThe success of foreign language teaching in middle school depends to a large extent on whether teachers can remain a lively teaching atmosphere in the classroom. If the class is vivid, the class will attr act the students’ attention.For the student's psychological characteristics only if liveliness to make them feel interested. All the methods, by all means, as long as conductive to arousing students ' interest and to develop well study habits, and should be used. But must be based on the feedback of knowledge and thinking of school students in the classroom activities to keep teaching, this requires not only pay attention to the knowledge of teachers in the classroom teaching, more to follow closely the progress made in the students ' thinking, for example, after the teacher teaching the exchange of the world “can” and “must”, taking practice in the dialogue. The teacher asked “May I use you pen?”the students answered” Yes ，you may”. Then the students gave the pen to the teacher, then the teacher “borrow”ruler, eraser knife from the student ,thestudent’s answer was the same, and more and more quickly. The teacher suddenly asked “May I use your head?” the student answered quickly “Yes you may”. Then a detonation was breaking out in the classroom laughing, he laughed, then quickly said “sorry ．You mustn't”.the teacher asked: "May I go now? "One student gets up to answer:" No. you mustn't ．"The teacher went on to ask:" Why? "The student wants to say:" We are having a class. "When the bell rings later the teacher asks another student:" May I go now? "She says:" Yes, you may. "Teacher asked:" Why? "The other student said:" The class is over now. "At this moment, we are in practice, but do not seem to realize that her classmates.C. The ability training of self- learningSomeone says illiteracy no longer is people without knowledge of the future society, but people who don't learn. In the era of economic globalization, science and technology information, people want to deal with large amounts of information; in the face of a rapidly changing environment within school education alone has not enough useful life. To adapt to the future of society, people must strive for life-long learning, continuous development and improvement; and lifelong learning is asking people to be independent of the teacher and learner autonomy in outside the classroom.1. Creating the classroom environment of encouraging the students’learning and cultivates students ' self- learning consciousness.The classroom teaching is the process between teachers and students, to exchange their ideas, emotion, information and knowledge. During the process, the students are the main part of learning. The effect of English learning maintain lie in the students’ learning, the teachers just the conductors and the learning promoters. On the other hand, the motivation of students’learning which is also called self-learning consciousness extent depends on the classroom environment. The teachers should believe that everyone has the large potential for study, and every student has their own unique heart world. For students, the teachers should respect them, love them and communicate with each other. Provides space for them as far as possible to make the students fun in the teaching, and encourage them in time. This is contributed tocreating the students interest in learning and improving them self-learning consciousness.2. Renewal the teaching idea and mobilization the enthusiasm of students’ self-learningIf any person is asked “what to do, how to do” and do not have their own right, then they will do not have enthusiasm and creative to do anything. In the traditional teaching model, the teachers act the protagonist in the classroom teaching, which occupy lots of time. After such a long time, it is bad for the students’ self-learning to build up. It dose against the principle which emphasis the central of students. We advocate the teacher-student interaction, and carry out the investigative learning model of the main part of students. The teachers encourage and cultivate the students to self-learning, and build the terrace of development for the students, and then students will have the initiative of study. For example, there are many biographies on outstanding personage in the teaching material of High Scholl, such as Abraham, Lincoln, Karl Marx, Walt Disney, and Einstein and so on, during the education, the teachers teach the students to pay attention to the writing characters of these biographies. Through comparing, the students find the basis writing model: children—study—achievement—influence. The students are easy to analyze the thesis structure when they learn this kind of thesis. It means that the students have known the way of self-learning.D. Learning group after classBecause of the English as a communication language with its own characteristics, so it is necessary for the English class to establish the cooperative learning group. Through the interaction of face to face between team members, the students can seek knowledge and improve skills. When the students study the English in the cooperative team, they will get large space to think, to do, and to say so as to increase the students’self-conscious. The learning group is easy to build the relation of equality, cooperation and democratic between the students, which develop the students’ habits of thinking and innovation consciousness and practical ability. In terms of study or research, through competition and cooperation, the students can understand the pleasure of success and the sense of collective, which increase the success expectation, enhance the learning motivation, and promote the development oflearning initiative. The learning group can not only reduce the English learning and improve the quality of English teaching. The English learning group promotes the understanding and communication between teachers and students.1. Building the scientific learning groupWhen the English teachers build the cooperation group, they should under the gender, character features, interest, and learning ability to arrange in pairs or groups.2. Outstanding the students’ principal statusThe English Curriculum Standards said: in the learning groups, we should highlight the students’ subject to let them actively take part in it so as to exchange their ideas. The students should express their own ability and personality in the cooperative learning groups. They should actively get help from the teachers and classmates, and learn the recommend from others. At the same time, everyone should mutual cooperation and have the sense of the collective centers. They exchange their ideas in the groups and give full play to collective wisdom.3. Selection the way of the cooperative learning groupsAccording to the needs of learning contents, the students in the form of cooperative play different roles, such as journalists, audiences and interviewees to finish the activities of making a interview; according to the topic which the teachers dive, the students in the form of cooperation groups to discuss. The students can use some materials and tools to finish the task of education in the form of role-play. The content of the performance is widely and the distribution of roles can more or less. The students can freedom to speak the English and the teachers also can take part in them. According to the scene which the teachers set, the students can in form of cooperation team to finish the target and the content of teaching by sense organ and actionConclusionWhen I wrote this paper, I made a survey report about the content of the thesis. Through investigating the reports of data indicating that currently there are some problems in the process of Chinese students learning English, these problems have had to our attention.These issues are: some of the problems in the process of classroom teaching, student of mental disorder and lack of English-learning environment. Through these problems, we can find the countermeasures. In these issues, I feel that it is important that the students ' mental disorders effect the English learning. If a student is tired of learning English from the heart, it is impossible to study English well. Therefore we should focus on developing students ' interest in learning English. We can let the students to warm up before the class, and play games in class to provide their interest in English learning. The teachers in the classroom should apply a variety of games to attract the students ' interest. There are queued in a sentence to classroom games, chain question, guess location pass word, Rob stools, and so on, I think in the future the teachers should act the important role in learning English and will use the method of playing games in the English class.BibliographyCheng Lin, Wang Qiang, Chen Xiaotang.Interpretation of English curriculum standards: Beijing Normal University Press, 2002 the first editionGong Fanlv. The implementation strategy of cooperative learning in English class in junior middle school primary and Middle school English teaching and research: Zhe JiangUniversity press, 2003Huang Yuanzhen. The new course of English teaching and learning: Fujian education press, 2003Tian Jianfen. The analysis on the cooperative learning and the primary and secondary education in foreign countries: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 2001 Wang Tan. The principle and strategy of cooperative learning: People University press, 2001 Zhong Shan.The Obstacles of High School Student s’in English Learning and Its Countermeasures:黄煜峰。