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英语论文呼啸山庄

毕业论文题目：Return to Nature – On the Conflict betweenNature and Civilization in WutheringHeights学院：外国语学院摘要艾米莉·勃朗特是英国维多利亚时期一名杰出的作家。

她短暂的一生只留下一部杰作－－《呼啸山庄》。

这部小说因其永久的魅力和广泛的畅销被列为世界名著。

然而，这部小说的价值直到二十世纪才被人们重新发现。

随着时间的推移，她的小说越来越受到关注。

一百多年来，学术界对其小说《呼啸山庄》分别从主题、主旨、写作技巧、语言风格、女性主义、生态批评等不同角度进行过研究。

本文从象征主义的角度来解读自然和文明的关系，二者之间相互斗争，但最终因为文明的侵犯和本性的扼杀造成了西斯克里夫和凯瑟琳的爱情悲剧，同时折射出造成人类悲剧命运的根源和重回自然的思想。

勃朗特在《呼啸山庄》中构建起分别象征着自然的呼啸山庄和文明的画眉山庄，把维多利亚时代的矛盾压缩进两个家庭的故事中。

本文以凯瑟琳的命运为中心线索，分别论证了呼啸山庄和画眉山庄的象征意义。

凯瑟琳是文明和自然的交织点，通过论述凯瑟琳的异化，迷失和归复来说明文明压抑了人性，要求人顺应人性回归自然的思想。

关键词：自然；文明；凯瑟琳；西斯克里夫；象征主义AbstractEmily Brontë is a brilliant writer in Victorian Age. In her short life, she writes only one novel, Wuthering Heights, which has become a worldwide classic for its enduring interest and wide popularity. However, the novel is ignored by the readers and critics of the Victorian Age. It is not until the 20th century that the true value of the novel is discovered. As time passes by, her novel has gained more and more attention. Throughout the hundred years the scholars have attained remarkable achievements from diffident points of view, such as themes, narrative skills, writing style, language, feminism and ecocriticism. This paper tries to apply symbolism to analyze the relation between nature and civilization, which are fighting with each other. But the violation of civilization and the death of nature are responsible for the tragedy of Heathcliff and Catherine. The novel mirrors the root of tragedy of human and akes people to return to nature.In this novel Brontë builds Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange, which are the tokens of nature and civilization respectively. She condenses the contradiction of the Victorian Age into the story of the two families. The paper is built around the fate of Catherine. It studies the symbolic meanings of Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange. Catherine is the conjunction of nature and civilization and the conflict of them is vividly shown in her. The alienation, loss and return of Catherine indicates that civilization represses the nature of human and man should return and comply to nature.Key words: nature; civilization; Catherine; Heathcliff; symbolismContents1. Introduction (1)2. The Life of Nature in Wuthering Heights (4)2.1 Wuthering Heights—the Symbol of Nature (4)2.2 The Wilderness of Catherine and Heathcliff (5)3. The Life of Civilization in Thrushcross Grange (8)3.1 Thrushcross Grange－the Symbol of Civilization (8)3.2 The Lost Spirit between Nature and Civilization (9)4. Conclusion (12)Works Cited (14)Acknowledgments (15)1. IntroductionEmily Brontë, the well-known novelist in English literary history, is the most accomplished among the BrontëSisters. All her life she only writes one novel, Wuthering Heights, which is published in 1947 under the pseudonym Ellis Bell. This book gives her worldwide fame. It is termed as one of the most shocking and charming works in the world literature. Algernon Charles Swinburne, the distinguished critic of England, puts that Emily is a genius of tragedy and her novel can stand in the same level with King Lear and Mobi Dick, or the Whale. (Swinburne,1883:18)As a marvelous work in world literature, Wuthering Heights is exceedingly attractive to the critics all around the world. They give it manifold interpretations with different theories from different points of views, such as the theme, the narrative method, the rhetoric devices, the analysis of characters, symbolism, imagery, gothic element, the background and experiences of Emily and the comparison between other works. The critics and scholars strain their brains to dig up the profound and practical meaning from this great work in an attempt to apply it to the modern society.Symbolism is one of the reasons to account for the charm of this novel. This novel grows out of the sittings, characters, plots, images and events. The symbolic settings of Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange are important to the novel. Through the symbolic scenes, the different atmospheres have been presented lively. The characters’ complicated psychological activities become concrete, visual and acceptable through the use of symbolism. It offers Emily the opportunity to analyze the contradiction of her age through the interesting story. As E.M. Frost interprets Wuthering Heights, “the emotions of Heathcliff and Catheri ne Earnshaw function differently to other emotions in fiction...they surround them like thunder clouds, and generate the explosions that fills the novel. Wuthering Heights is filled with sound-storm and rushing wind, a sound more important than words and t houghts.” (Frost,2001:66) David Cecil said that Wuthering Heights is a symbol of natural philosophy of Emily and what Emily wants to display is the conflict between stormand serenity of the cosmos instead of that of the goodness and the wickedness in the society. (Cecil,2002:180)The relation between nature and civilization undoubtedly catches the eyes of the academia. Foreign scholars get a lot of remarkable achievements about this novel. Stevie Davies says that although nature and civilization is in constant fierce dialogue, nature will tame and nourish nature just as little Catherine conquers Hareton with knowledge. (Davies,2004:247) Cecil reveals that there are the opposite forces in the novel－nature and civilization, but they are the components of a harmony instead of conflicting with each other. (Cecil,2002:87) Virginia Woolf proclaims that the world is split apart by two kinds of extremes and what Emily wants to do is to make the chaotic world harmonious. (Woolf,2001:77)There are also a lot of achievements in our country. Dong Rui thinks the philosophical relation between nature and civilization should reach a compromise. If the contradiction between them is not solved well, the disasters will occur. (董瑞, 2009:1-39) Xi Xia holds that nature and civilization will be enemy forever. The rules of the civilized world repress the wonderful humanity and bring tragedy to human. (奚霞,2011:1-31) Liang Xi points out that although the conflict between nature and civilization is inevitable, the tendency of them is in harmony. (梁昕,2005:96-99) Chen Maolin thinks that the conflict between nature and civilization is ever-lasting. But their co-existence will be good to the development of society. (陈茂林,2007:69-73) Pei Jiejun is opposite to them. He holds that the civilization is detrimental to the humanity and the violation of civilization should be responsible for the twist of the humanity. (裴洁俊,2011:261) Zhou Qinghe says the tragic end of the uneventful love is the result of the struggle between personality and culture. (周庆贺,2003:77-78) Fu Xiaoping thinks that people have wonderful humanity and the civilization is the best direction for people. (付小平,2009:42-43)In this paper I want to discuss the conflict between nature and civilization in terms of the symbolism. This paper will be divided into four parts. The first part is introduction. This part will focus on the importance of the writer and scholars’ achievements on Wuthering Heights. The second part is chapter one. In this part I willtalk about the symbolic meaning of Wuthering Heights and the natural life in this place. The third part is chapter two. In this part I will pay my attention to the symbolic meaning of Thrushcross Grange and the repressed life in Thrushcross Grange. In the fourth part conclusion will be given. Through the comparison of the natural life in Wuthering Heights and the tortured life in Thrushcross Grange, Emily summons people to return to the simple but happy life. At the same time, Emily gives a fierce attack against the values of the Victorian Age, such as the hierarchical system and vanity.2. The Life of Nature in Wuthering HeightsEmily Brontë is a master of symbolism. In Wuthering Heights she condenses an endless and real world into a small thing. Virginia Woolf says that both Emily and Charlotte are inclined to resort to the power of nature. (Woolf,2001:148)The landscapes under their pens are permeated with affection. Emily uses them to disclose the theme of the novel instead of decorating the tedious words. The most remarkable symbolism in this novel is the conflict between nature and civilization. Thus Wuthering Heights is by no means a simple name of a house but the token of the untamed nature.2.1 Wuthering Heights—the Symbol of NatureLocated in the desolate and boundless moor, Wuthering Heights mirrors the coarse and humble aspect of nature. It is dominated by heavy winds and severe atmosphere. Its name “Wuthering”, a provincial adjective, indicates that it exposes itself in the stormy weather and stands the tumult bravely. “One may guess the power of the north wind blowing over the edge, by the excessive slant of a few stunted firs at the end of the house; and by a range of gaunt thorns all stretching their limbs one way, as if craving alms of the sun.”(Brontë,1999:2) Wuthering Heights stands in the dangerous moor so that the people who are acquainted with it will lost their way. People are easily trapped in the lethal swamp.The atmosphere of Wuthering Heights means that it is a world of nature which is pure and intact. The world is not touched and polluted by the civilized world. Anything that wants to violate it is forbidden. The primitive wilderness of nature finds adequate expression in Wuthering Heights. But Wuthering Heights is also surrounded by the beautiful heathers. One can feel the fresh air and see the rippling creeks in the moor. Wuthering Heights never lacks the charming and beautiful aspect of nature. Therefore, Wuthering Heights is the epitome of nature, which owns the internal destruction and primitive wilderness as well as the inviolable peace.The people in Wuthering Heights live a simple and even unadorned life. People can know it clearly when they have a scrutiny on the layout of the parlor. Shoddyguns, various food and the barking puppies can been seen everywhere. Mr. Lockwood gives us the description of life in Wuthering Heights. “One step brought us into the family sitting-room, without any introductory lobby or passage: they call it here ‘the house’preeminently...at least I distinguished a chatter of tongues, and a chatter of culinary utensils, deep within.” (Bronte,1999:2) Obviously there is a correspondence between the atmosphere of Wuthering Heights and the life here.The wild and free atmosphere exerts great influence on the people of Wuthering Heights. They are strong, good-hearted and have stormy personalities. For example, when Mr. Lockwood is attacked by the dogs, “a lusty dame, with tucked-up gown, bare arms, and fire-flushed cheeks, rushed into the midst of us flourishing a frying-pan”. (Brontë,1999:4) Old Mr. Earnshaw ignores other’s opinions and regards a humble Gypsy boy as “a gift of God”. (Brontë,1999:29) Seemingly Nelly is disgusted with Heathcliff but she gives him the encouragements and love of mother. Wuthering Heights is a simple and natural world with simple people.2.2 The Wilderness of Catherine and HeathcliffForged by the rugged surroundings, Catherine and Heathcliff are the sons of nature. They are strong, rebellious and kind. Heathcliff is far from the restrictions of various norms of society and his heart is never open to the Christian thoughts. Catherine is far from the commotion and secular things and she keeps her heart intact. All the years around she runs across the barren moor and enjoys the pleasure that nature brings to her. Their wild and pure personalities are in debt to the beautiful and free nature.When scolded by all the people, Catherine behaves arrogantly and thinks she is the happiest girl in the world. She has a gift to turn Joseph’s religious curses into ridicule and she always defies the authority of her father. As a daughter of nature, she behaves without affectation and bears little resemblance to the girls of her age. Her wildness finds adequate expression in the comment of Nelly. “…she put all of us past our patience fifty times and oftener in a day. from the hour she came down stairs till the hour she went to bed, we had not a minute's security that she wouldn't be inmischief. Her spirits were always at high-water mark, her tongue always going—singing, laughing, and plaguing everybody who would not do the same…” (Brontë,1999:34) Far from the hypocritical civilization, this “wild and wicked girl” has the “bonniest eye, and sweetest smile, and lightest foot in the parish.” (Brontë, 1999:34)Heathcliff’s name is the combination of the word “heath” and “cliff”. The name always reminds people of dangers and destruction. When he appears in the novel, he is so impressive that everyone calls him “the wild child”. Nature is his paradise and he always finds comfort in it when he is painful. Even his wilderness cannot be prevented by the tyrannical rules of Hindley who bears an ancient grudge against him. What Hindley wants to do is to deprive happiness of Heathcliff but he fails. Although he degrades Heathcliff and obliges him to do the arduous work, Heathcliff can get happiness in the moor. “It is one of their chief amusements to run away to the moors in the morning and remain there all day, and after punishment grew a little thing to laugh at. The curate might set as many chapters as he pleased for Catherine to get by heart, and Joseph might thrash Heathcliff till his arm ached; they forgot everything the minute t hey were together again.”(Brontë,1999:37)The two children love each other deeply. They have a better understanding that they are made by the same thing and both of them are sons of nature. All the punishments will be ignored when they consign themselves to nature. The bleak and boundless moor is their harbor of their exhausted hearts. The moor offers them a place to relax their wild spirits. Although there are various troubles in Wuthering Heights, such as the afflicts imposed by stubborn Joseph who attempts to curb their wilderness with the Christian thoughts, rebellious Catherine and Heathcliff always get happiness from their fierce revolts. The funny and free experiences in Wuthering Heights have been kept in the diary of Catherine: “H, and I are going to rebel—we took our initiatory step this evening... I took my dingy volume by the scroop, and hurled it into the dog—kennel, vowing I hated a good book. Heathcliff kicked his to the same place.”(Brontë,1999:17) Both of them are opposite to the boring and routine religiousrituals. They think those are responsible for the repressed nature. This rebellious spirit stems from their wild and free personality which is endowed by nature.During their revolts against Hindley, they find the elements of wilderness in each other. This untamed nature offers them the happy world. Catherine tells Nelly that her life in Wuthering Heights is much better than Heaven because Heathcliff is here. This is also a reason why Catherine wants to relive this unforgettable experiences when she is tormented to death by two kinds of tremendous forces after her marriage. It is a kind of vehement and destructive love which is unpolluted by the secular things, such as fame, wealth and social status. Maybe the happy and pure life in Wuthering Heights is a good reason why Catherine looks down upon Thrushcross Grange and asks Edgar to bury her in the moor—her only way to return to nature.Emily is a worshiper of nature. Her frantic love towards the bleak moor of her hometown is beyond people’s imagination. All the years around, her solitary figure can be seen in the moor. Only in the untrodden moor, is her heart permeated with glee and freedom. Once she is far from the moor and trapped in the social life, the strong feeling of uneasiness will seize her. (Brontë,1999:55) Wuthering Heights is no more than the duplicate of the hometown of Emily.Emily thinks that nature provides people with a more simple but pure life. Through the description of the life of Wuthering Heights, the happy, healthy and natural life is presented to people. Emily displays her opinion through the words of Mr. Lockwood. After hearing the story of Catherine and Heathcliff, Mr. Lockwood, the tenant of Wuthering Heights, speaks highly of its atmosphere. He thinks people here acquire more happiness than people in towns because “they do live in earnest, more in themselves, and less in surface change, and frivolous external things”. (Brontë,1999:7) Therefore, he believes that this place is suitable for the existence of the love. Although the life in Wuthering Heights is humble and coarse, people can get felicity.3. The Life of Civilization in Thrushcross GrangeThe Victorian period also witnesses the burgeoning development of capitalist society. But it strengthens and fastens the conflict between nature and civilization. The civilized world is encroaching on the territory of nature and it exerts great influence on the values and lifestyles of human. People get comfortable life at the cost of some good qualities of the natural world. It is a complicated world full of various vices and it will kill people’s primitive happiness. This world is defined as vanity fair by William Makepeace Thackeray. As a brilliant representative of critical realism, Emily is never indifferent to the existence of civilization and the fierce battle between nature and civilization. Besides Wuthering Heights, Emily builds a civilized world－Thrushcross Grange.3.1 Thrushcross Grange－the Symbol of CivilizationMaking a sharp contrast with the Wuthering Heights, Thrushcross Grange is the epitome of the civilized society, a place to manifest norms of the civilized society. It prevails graceful, serene and civilized atmosphere. The nature of the habitants here is modified by religious belief and social norms. Their life shine with the dazzling light of civilization. Even Catherine and Heathcliff are overwhelmed by this alienable and magnificent world when they intrude into this civilized world accidentally. “It was beautiful—a splendid place carpeted with crimson, and crimson-covered chairs and tables, and a pure white ceiling bordered by gold, a shower of glass—drops hanging in sliver chains from the centre, and shimmering with little soft tapers”(Brontë,1999:38)Just as the bleak and untamed moor gives the unique personalities to the people in Wuthering Heights, the magnificent grange also has great influence on the personalities of people here. Although Thrushcross Grange has the gorgeous landscape and splendid decoration, people here are weak and lack vitality. Edger Linton and his sister are compared to the flowers of the greenhouse. They scramble for a dog and they cry easily. This thing will never happen in Wuthering Heights.Therefore, their behaviors are despised by Catherine and Heathcliff. When the Lintons go to church, they are covered by layers of clothes in the carriage. But the Earnshaws go to church by horse in winter.The Lintons not only stand for weakness, but also for people who are colored by the vices of the Victorian Age. The civilized life offers them the comfortable and noble life but they are deprived of the wonderful things which are endowed by the simple and pure life. The Lintons have different treatments towards Catherine and Heathcliff, because the former is the sister of the owner of Wuthering Heights and the later is a humble and penniless boy. They are enslaved by the hierarchical system. The Lintons’ disgust at Heathcliff and their “vacant blue eyes” (Brontë,1999:41) reflect the deflects of the civilized life.3.2 The Lost Spirit between Nature and CivilizationCatherine, the daughter of nature, is seduced by the luxurious and comfortable life. Although she has passionate love towards nature never release, her short stay in Thrushcross Grange influences her. The vices of the civilized world are violating her pure and innocent spirit, such as vanity and hierarchical thought. Mrs. Linton laughs at the humble behaviors of Heathcliff and warns Edgar not to speak to him. These thoughts let Catherine be shame of the coarse life. Before the death of Catherine, Heathcliff tells us the reason of their tragic end: “...Misery, and degradation, and death, and nothing that God or Satan could inflict would have parted us, you, of your own will, did it...” (Brontë,1999:135)In Thrushcross Grange she represses her true heart and behaves like a graceful and elegant girl. Her vanity and the rules of the civilized world tell her that becoming the owner of Thrushcross Grange is much better than the life of Wuthering Heights and only the rich man is suitable for her. Obviously she begins to be influenced by the inhuman values of the civilized world. It is the first time that Catherine asks Heathcliff to wash his dirty face. Her vanity makes her to accept the proposal of Edgar and abandons her true love. This pure and wild spirit has been colored by hervanity and hierarchical thought－the side effects of the civilized world.But Catherine gradually realizes this life is devoid of vitality and filled with hypocritical thought. It will kill her sooner or later. The boring life in Thrushcross Grange gives her a feeling that a wild and free bird has been trapped in the golden cage. Instead of breathing fresh air in the boundless moor and being comforted by the omnipotent nature, she is confined to the exquisite house. She represses her wildness to humor her civilized life in Thrushcross Grange. Even Nelly is changed by the rules of the civilized world. In Wuthering Heights Nelly serves as a mother or friend while here even Nelly is warned sternly of being polite to the hostess. The change of Nelly makes Catherine upset because it reminds her of the dilemma in Thrushcross Grange. Nelly tells to Mr. Lockwood: “ I lea rned to be less touchy; and, for the space of half a year, the gunpowder lay as harmless as sand, because no fire came near to explode it. Catherine had seasons of gloom and silence, now and then...she was never subject to depres sion of spirits before.” (B rontë,1999:77)Catherine tells Nelly that she has endured very bitter misery alone in this civilized world. The return of Heathcliff gives her real life again. Heathcliff makes her realize the restrictions and impotency of the civilized world. Facing the revengeful behaviors of Heathcliff, Edgar Linton cries for the love of Catherine. This weakness and blankness strengthens Catherine’s realization that she makes a big mistake because of her vanity. She is chewed by her wrong decision. She tortures herself to death.She is so eager to return to nature that she opens window to feel the cold wind. The wind of the moor is the food of her spirit. She thinks it is a way to kill the repressed time in Thrushcross Grange. Although Catherine strains her brain to harmonize the relation between Heathcliff and her husband, she fails. Catharine displays her regret again and again before her death. She shouts out: “I wish I were out of doors! I wish I were a girl, half savage and handy, and free...I’m sure I shoul d be myself were I once among the heather on those hills.” (Brontë,1999:106) The life in the civilized world makes the free spirit bath in tears.As far as Catherine is concerned, the seven years in the civilized world is a blank.Her secular love to Edgar is not enough to support her life. The splendid life brings ruin to her love as well as herself. When Heathcliff complains about her betrayal, she sobs: “ If I’ve done wrong, I’m dying to it.” (Brontë,1999:136) Before she dies, she regrets for her decision and looks down upon the decent life. She asks Edgar to bury her in the free moor instead of the church. Her death is the only available way to correct her mistake and let her come back to nature.Catherine’s death in Thrushcross Grange is full of me aning. In the beginning of the novel, Mr. Lockwood is told by the ghost of Catherine: “I’m come home. I’d l ost my way on the moor!” (Brontë,1999:20) Her words mean that she has betrayed her heart and now she wants to go to nature. The window symbolizes civilization. The window prevents her from her ideal home－nature. Because of her vanity she has been punished for many years as a lost ghost. Her dream of returning to nature is fulfilled after Heathcliff smashes the window into pieces.Brontë is a recluse of the Victorian Age. She witnesses the changes of many pure spirits owing to the violation of civilization. The values of the capitalist society get the upper hand, such as vanity and hierarchical system. Emily cannot come to terms with this complicated age. She thinks that the civilized life must bring disasters to people. She testifies herself in this novel. Catherine makes Heathcliff a victim－a demonic revenger with the twist humanity. Even the tragedy continues in the second generation. If Wuthering Heights endows life with Catherine, Thrushcross Grange deprives her of the vigorous and free life.The death of Catherine in Thrushcross Grange reflects the spiritual death of the people in Victorian period. Through the death of Catherine, Emily attacks against civilization. At the same time, the ghosts attain happiness again in the moor after Heathcliff breaks the window. It is safe to say that Emily cherishes hope towards the lost people.4. ConclusionWuthering Heights is great and unique. Since its appearance, it has attracted countless readers with its enduring charm. It gives people a vehement and tragic story of love as well as a miniature of the Victorian Age. Emily, the great novelist, makes us relive this complexed age and feel the conflict between nature and civilization. The scholars who devote themselves to the study of the English literature will not ignore this great work. Oates says that people are still shocked by the superb craftsmanship and rich imagination in Wuthering Heights again and again. (Oates,2006:205) The novel is filled with symbolism. Wuthering Heights is the token of nature, which is intact and untamed by civilization. Therefore, it keeps the wonderful lifestyle. It is a pure field which is protected by nature. The personalities of people in Wuthering Heights bear resemblance to the atmosphere. They live a simple but happy life in this natural place. The most remarkable characters in this place are Heathcliff and Catherine. They are the sons of nature and nature endows them with wilderness. Thus they are rebellious and have pure love to each other. In fact, the whole Wuthering Heights is a symbol of the natural life. It represents the natural, healthy and happy life.Indeed, it is the ideal kingdom of the heart of Emily. Living in the desolated moor, Emily holds deep love to nature. This point is truthfully reflected in the description of Wuthering Heights and the characters.But Emily is not a romanticist completely. She is a brilliant representative of critical realism. Victorian period is witnessing great changes. People are caught by the conflict between nature and civilization. Civilization brings people the comfortable life but ruins some wonderful qualities. Thrushcross Grange is the symbol of civilization. In fact, what Catherine and Heathcliff are facing is the problems with which the people in Victorian Age are confronted. Catherine is everyone who cannot deal with the relation between nature and civilization well. The values of the civilized world are conquering the spirits of natural life. In the natural life of Wuthering Heights, the hierarchical thought and vanity are far from Catherine and others. EvenNelly doesn’t look down upon Heathcliff. The natural atmosphere nourishes the simple and pure spirit. But after her encounter with Thrushcross Grange－civilization, Catherine betrays her heart and love because of the hierarchical thoughts and vanity. These vices are the result of the civilized world. Civilization is violating the natural and pure life. Some people are conquered at the cost of the happy life.The alienation of Catherine brings destructive disasters, such as her death, the twist humanity of Heathcliff and the sorrow end of Edgar. The death of Catherine is heavily loaded with symbolic meaning. At the same time, the dying Catherine makes a sharp contrast between the life of nature and that of civilization. Although tortured by the civilized world, Catherine is eager to come back to nature. She compares north wind in the moor to her breath and she thinks civilization deprives her of spirit. The death of Catherine is a fierce attack against civilization which brings vanity and hierarchical thoughts.Through the comparison between natural life and civilized life, Emily displays her opinion. Although the natural life is coarse and humble, nature gives people simple but happy life. Emily feels this is a kind of life which is forbidden in the civilized world. Civilization brings the comfortable and noble life, but the restrictions of the civilized world prevents people from the free and happy life. It teaches people values and represses people’s nature. In the end it will ruin all the wonderful things. Seemingly it tells about the love story of Heathcliff and Catherine, but Wuthering Heights is a great book touching upon the historic problems－the conflict between nature and civilization.In conclusion, what Emily wants to tell us is that the violation of the civilized world will bring tragedy to the human race. The natural and free spirit is killed by the decent and luxurious life. Although people’s natural heart are repressed, the explosion of the repressed nature will brings more dangers. The restrictions of the civilized life kill the wild spirit. Therefore, she summons the lost people to return to nature－the natural, healthy and happy life.。

呼啸山庄小论文

Name _王争艳_ Number 112214101118 Class B11141011 Score_________A Comment on the novel Wuthering HeightsI. IntroductionWuthering heights was created by the well-known British writer Emily Bronte. As one of the most representative works of the 19th century, the novel is famous for its gothic style as well as its love theme, which attracts readers in an extreme method and technique. It is so popular that it has been adapted to movies for several times.This thesis will give a comment on Wuthering Heights by analyzing some main characters,the themes as well as its writing techniques.II Character analysis1.HeathcliffHeathcliff was rebellious, tough, indifferent, aloof and proud. His life experience led to his becoming an extreme rebel and tyrannical avenger. He showed a strong discontent and resistance to the society.At first, Heathcliff was a waif. He was brought back to the wuthering heights by the master Mr. Earnshaw. Mr Earnshaw treated the poor boy as his own child, leading to his son Hindley Earnshaw’s j ealousy. Therefore, after the master’s death, Heathcliff was bullied and treated as a servant by Hindley. Heathcliff lost the chance to receive education. He lived like an animal. From then on, he became more and more lonely. Seeds of grievance were sown in his mind. Catherine, daughter of Mr. Earnshaw, was kind to Heathcliff. Day by day, they fell in love with each other. Though tortured by Hindley, Heathcliff still felt very lucky and happy. However, when he knew that Catherine felt ashamed to marry him and meant to be the rich, handsome Edgar Linton’s wife, he broke down instantly. The only power that supported him to endure the insults and abuse disappeared. Thus, he became stronger and colder. The inconsolable man escaped from the wuthering heights Three years later, he returned, with money and fame. The indifferent man took revenge on everyone that had hurt him. He behaved like a devil. But the devil Heathcliff had always kept intensive love towards Catherine. Even Catherine had died for many years, hestill missed her and felt miserable for being unable to be with her.He did so many things to hurt others, however, when he was about to die, he decided to gi ve up hurting Catherine’s daughter and Hindley’s son. This showed that his nature was originally kind. It was just because of the harsh reality that his nature became distorted, forcing him to become oppressive. The recovery of humanity is a spiritual sublimation.2.Catherine EarnshawCatherine was an innocent, kind and mutinous girl who pursued freedom. She was the only one who cared about Heathcliff, even when he was discriminated by everyone. She did not look down on him. She also loved Heathcliff very much. However,she gradually changed her mind after Edgar Linton appeared. The gentleman was rich, handsome,elegant. Marrying him, she could live a life that she had always dreamt of. Finally she was determined to give up her true lover and be Edgar’s wife. The decision showed that she had a strong vanity. Her desire for money and position, in a way, caused her tragic fate.III.The theme of the novel Wuthering HeightThe novel tells a story about love and revenge. Through the novel, the author showed how powerful love is. Heathcliff’s love towards Catherine lasted so long that even she had died for many years he still missed and loved her. At the same time, the author revealed the human nature through the novel. Human nature is good and harmonious. But this kind of beauty and harmony will be broken by some factors, and after the break, humanity will be lost. For human beings, losing human nature is terrible. Faced with the person who lost the human nature, human beings often fear, the fear is derived from the heart. But in the hearts, there is another layer of the mind--the hope that human nature will return. The novel showed the whole process of the loss of Heathcliff’s human nature through the whole life experience of Heathcliff. Finally, Heathcliff’s humanity returned.In the end, Heathcliff forgave Hindley’s son and allowed the young man to be with Catherine’s daughter. This ending improves that human nature can be redeemed.IV.Writing techniquesWuthering heights is written in first-person perspective. The author created several tellers to tell the whole story. Each teller appeared on the appropriate occasion and they toldthe story in their own standpoint, so readers can have comprehensive understandings towards each character.It is a symbolic novel combined with realism, romanticism and symbolism. Through its twisted, vivid plots and various styles of characters, the novel shows the daily idyllic life, love and marriage in Britain. The writer also used many dreams and supernatural things, such as ghosts, to render an absurd and dreadful atmosphere. There are many descriptions of nature in the novel. For instance, the wilderness destructed by wind and rain, cold air, hard soil. As a shelter for the hero and heroine to escape from the family pain, the nature strongly contrasted with the suffocating family atmosphere.V.ConclusionThe novel describes the true love between Heathcliff and Catherine and Heathcliff’s revenge by three main writing methodology, namely, realism, romanticism and symbolism. By describing the two main characters’lives, the author showed how powerful love is and revealed the human nature.Bibliography1、Emily Bronte. Wuthering Heights. Beijing: Foreign Language Press. 19992、Bloom, H. 1997. The Characters of Wuthering Heights. London: Chapman & Hall.3、艾米莉·勃朗特著.方平译.《呼啸山庄》译本序.上海译文出版社, 20014、廖洪中.浅析艾米莉・勃朗特的文学创作[J].南昌大学学报(社会科学版),1990,(2):53-55.5、王国富2004，<<英国古典小说五十讲>>．四川：四川文艺出版社．．。

LoveandhatredinWutheringHeights《呼啸山庄》的爱与憎(英文毕业论文)

Love and Hatred in Wuthering HeightsABSTRACTThe novel Wuthering Heights was not accepted by the people when it was published, but later it was honored as the oddest novel in the history of English literature because of its wild and impressive beauty. We will be greatly moved by the wild passion between Catherine and Heathcliff, as well as be shocked by Heathcliff cruel revenge. The novel not only expressed the tense conflict between love and hatred, but also implied the combination and transformation between them. Love is followedby hatred; hatred is caused by love; and finally love defeats hatred and gets its rebirth. The famous English novelist Maugham evaluated the novel in the following words,ever another novel that has surprisingly described such anguish, never know there’sinfatuated, cruel, and ever-l asting love.”Key words: love ; passion; hatred; revenge摘要《呼啸山庄》这部小说在出版之初并未得到人们的认可，后来以其野性的、感人肺腑的美被誉为英国文学史上最奇异的小说。

(英语专业毕业论文)一个扭曲的灵魂-《呼啸山庄》中的希刺克里夫(英文)

本科毕业论文（设计）（2017届本科毕业生）题目: A Distorted Character－Heathcliff in WutheringHeights一个扭曲的灵魂－《呼啸山庄》中的希刺克里夫ABSTRACTIn Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte shows what the true love is. Like Heathcliff and Catharine, although they can‘t marry, the two souls never separate from each other. She even uses the romantic skill to give the double characters of Heathcliff. His love for Catharine is crazy and faithful, so does his hate and revenge. In his love world, love and revenge becomes the only thing, nothing else left. Not a crazy lover, but a crazy tyrant. When the tyrant behaves as an uncontrolled one, he becomes the embodiment of hate and revenge.There c an be no doubt as to Heathcliff‘s inhuman brutality and the deliberate pain and destruction he causes to those he despises. He is not alone, however, in his cruelty. The hate to all the world of Heathcliff is all from his frustrated love and his distorted character. Here, hate is the alienation of love. It seems that hate is strong, but it is alone and insignificant; the delicate love owns the unconquerably power, the two feelings extremely burned in one life, that is the crazy feeling world of Heathcliff.This paper focuses on different aspects of Heathcliff to show his distorted character and the process of change in Heathcliff‘s destiny. Through the change of Heathcliff, the writer expresses her views that losing love means losing humanity, but she also has confidence that recovering love means recovering humanity. At the end of the novel, Heathcliff finally recovers his humanity, because he finds a permanent home for his soul.Key Words: Heathcliff, distorted character, love, revenge摘要在呼啸山庄中，艾米丽勃朗特向读者展现了真爱。

呼啸山庄男主人公赫斯克里夫的人物分析(英文版毕业论文)

Heathcliff-a shelf corroded by the will of conquestAbstract: Heathcliff, the hero of Wuthering Heights, is the most depictedcharacter in the book. This book is focused on his tragic story. He was in true love with Catherine when he was young, but after Hindley’s oppression and humiliation against him and the betrayal of Catherine, his love towards Catherine was gone and all that he lived for was revenge. This paper mainly discusses his revenges on Hindley, Catherine and her husband Edgar, his ambition of conquest and his life of a walking corpse.Key words: Heathcliff, revenge, Hindley, Catherine, Edgar, ambition,conquest, walking corpsei.Heathcliff’s revengeHeathcliff was taken to Wuthering Heights and became one member of Earnshaw’s family. Mr. Earnshaw regarded him as his beloved son, and named him after the name of his son died in infancy. But after Mr. Earnshaw’s death, his childhood’s sense of superiority, developed by the favor of Mr.Earnshaw, had faded away. Hindley drove Heathcliff from their company to the servant and made him do labor work as hard as any other lad on the farm.What’s even worse, the only thing that he had-Catherine’s affection, was transferred to Edgar. What could a man become without love? He decide to seek revenge.i. 1 Heathcliff’s revenge on HindleyThree years after Heathcliff ran away from Wuthering Heights, he came back.He made his revenge plan on Hindley. He set a booby-trap, and Hindley fell into it step by step. Hindley sit up all night playing cards with Heathcliff, drinking and corrupting all the time. To his expectation, Hindley lost all his money on the bet and had to borrow money on his land. When he died, he owned nothing. “His father died in debt, the whole property is mortgaged, and the only chance for the natural heir is to allow him an opportunity of creating some sympathy in the creditor’s heart, that he may be inclined to deal generously with him.”This is the final verdict of his lawyer towards him-his son had to live at his enemy’s mercy and his past servant became the owner of his property-Wuthering Heights.i. 2 Heathcliff’s revenge on CatherineHeathcliff returned to appear in Catherine’s life not because he still loved herbut because he wanted to remind her of her humiliation on him. He made her believe that it was her betrayal that made him become so cruel and cold-blooded a man. He also attributed Isabella’s tragic marriage on her telling him Isabella is the heir of her brother unless she bore a son. So Catherine would torture herself to death with self-reproach and remorse.Booby-trap again.i. 3 Heathcliff’s revenge on EdgarEdgar is the man who scratched his lover, Heathcliff also took revenge on him. He pretended to flirt with his wife to provoke him and make him feel that Catherine loved Heathcliff more than himself. He didn’t want his daughter Cathy to marry weak Linton. Heathcliff detain his daughter and made her marry Linton.Edgar was so furious that he died in grief. He did make a will that he will left his legacy to his daughter or her son if she died. Heathcliff enjoyed his suffering even when he died, he took away everything he had, and became the master of thrushcross grange. Edgar had been in complete control of Heathcliff.ii.The will of conquest deep in Heathcliffii.1 the origin of the will of conquestThe causes of the revenges are the will of conquest, the poison that permeates in Heathcliff’s body. This part will deal with the origin of the will of conquest.In the Oxford Dictionaries, this item ”conquest” is defined as the act of gaining control of someone or something or deal with something that is difficult or dangerous.The will of conquest is our free will. In the book ”Free Will” by Sam Harris, the author gave his opinions”Free will is an illusion. Our wills are simply not of our own making. Thoughts and intentions emerge from background causes of which we are unaware and over which we exert no conscious control. We do not have the freedom we think we have.”Yes. Heathcliff’s will of conquest comes from prior causes-the humiliations from Hindley, Linton’s family and the society, the oppression of Hindley and most deadly, the betrayal of Catherine. He is abandoned by the world. So he seeks revenge to conquer all the people and properties over which he had no control in the past, which gives him the perceived greatest pleasure.ii.2 the act of conquest by the will of conquestIn his revenges, Hindley, Catherine and Edgar are completely in control of Heathcliff, hence he felt the satisfaction of conquest. The occupation of the Wuthering Heights and thrushcross grange he didn’t have in the past also gave him a sense of superiority.Not only that the act of revenges and the possession of the land and money, position help Heathcliff get the achievement of conquest but that his successful control on Hareton, his son and Cathy’s fate.Hareton now lives at the mercy of Heathcliff, he becomes the poor thing like Heathcliff used to be-a servant under oppression. But Heathcliff becomes the dominator not the one being conquered.His son Linton and Cathy are his captives. They are detained as he arranges and married as he plans. Linton dies and leaves his legacy to him as he will. Until now, his ambition of conquest is achieved. Everything is under his control thus he has nothing to wake up his desire of conquest which is all that he lived for. He doesn’t want revenge anymore because the will of conquest has gone. He becomes a shell with a corroded heart. So he died soon.iii.Heathcliff is a shell without loveIn terms of free will, seeming acts of volition merely arise spontaneously (whether caused, uncaused, or probabilistically inclined, it makes no difference) and cannot be traced to a point of origin in our conscious minds. One can choose to do by free will or not because he can refer to his conscious minds. Tragically, Heathcliff’s mind is corrupted by his will of conquest so he loses his conscious mind to refer to when he take actions, all he does is by his will of conquest. He lost his puppy love, then he took revenge and put everyone under his control, in which no sign of love could be seen. He is no longer the pure Heathcliff, no longer Catherine’s beloved man. He turns into a shell with a corrupting heart of no feeling of love.iii.1 Heathcliff is no longer in love with Catherine Love is not possession but the attempt to make the other happy. Heathcliff does n’t let the past be past, he takes revenge on the Earnthaw s’ and the Linton s’.He makes use of Hindley’s addiction to drink and gamble to turn him into a corrupting penniless gambler. He also marries Isabella because he knows she is the legal heir of her brother. He does destroy the two families successfully and his desire of conquest is realized to his greatest satisfaction. This, more or less, have made Catherine suffer a lot. 18 years after her death, he even breaks the peace by digging her grave, removing the earth from her coffin-lid and opening it, wanting to possess her when himself dies in order to overrun Edgar. Is he still in love with Catherine? I don’t think so. The moment Catherine abandoned him, his heart had been torn into pieces. If a man has no heart, is he still alive? Can he love anymore?iii. 2 Heathcliff shows no love in his husband-wife bondingIsabella eloped with Heathcliff because of her affection towards him but he is completely aloof and indifferent to his wife’s devotion. She is just a chessman in his perfect plan. He exerts no responsibility in this family and there was no sign of care or mercy to his wife in his behavior. His wife couldn’t stand the relationship anymore. She ran away to live an isolated life, pregnant with a baby.Knowing all her suffering, he did n’t fulfill his obligation but leave the mother and son alone. His corrupting heart can not feel or show love any more. It’s dead. iii.3 Heathcliff doesn’t give little Linton his deserveddad’s loveEvery child deserves his dad’s love. But poor little Linton didn’t get the privilege. He has the same destiny as his mother. He is also the chessman in the process of Heathcliff’s conspiracy of scratching everything from Linton’s family. He leaves little Linton to death and he even show his unconcealing disgust towards his son. What a poor little thing! How can a dad with a slightest love treated his lovely son like this? Actually, he has not a shred of love in his corroded heart. Nothing but only the will of conquest left in his body.ConclusionHeathcliff feels not a slightest of love the moment Catherine turns her back to him and chooses the rich man-Edgar to be her future husband. Heathcliff loses love, he loses everything. He is penniless and a man of no social position. In the past, he had no control over anyone or anything so he lost everything-his happy childhood, his lover, his self-esteem and his freedom. So the will of conquest began to poison his mind and his heart gradually until the day he came back to exert his control over that area. His heart was completely corrupted and all he left was a shell with a heart filled with the desire of conquest. When he fulfills his ambition, the will of conquest fades. All that remains of him is a walking corpse. I don’t see a soul, either.。

呼啸山庄英文赏析[定稿]

呼啸山庄英文赏析[定稿]第一篇：呼啸山庄英文赏析[定稿]Wuthering Heights which has long been one of the most popular and highly regarded novels in English literature, it has a secure position in the canon of world literature. As a shattering presentation of the doomed love between the passionate Catherine and Heathcliff, it remains one of the most haunting love stories in all of literature.In Wuthering Heights, Nature is represented by the Earnshaw family and especially Catherine and Heathcliff. These characters are governed by their emotions, not by reflection or ideals of civility. Wuthering Heights symbolized a similar wildness. On the other hand, Thrushcross Grange and the Linton family represent culture, refinement, convention, and cultivation. Wuthering heights, through a love tragedy, presented a picture of deformity of the social life and Outlines a kind of humanity twisted by society and all kinds of terrible events.The story ended with Heathcliff’s suicide. He died for love and his death shows his love to Katherine. He gave up the revenge to the younger generation after he knew that young Catherine and Harleton had fallen in love with each other shows that he was kind in nature. It was the cruel reality that twisted his humanity and made him become brutal and heartless. This kind of recovery of humanity was sublimation in spirit and it glared a kind of humanitarian ideal of the author and endows the terrible love tragedy some hope. Therefore, Heathcliff’s change of “love---hate---revenge---a recovery of humanity” is not only the essence of the novel but also a clue throughout the whole novel. According to the clue, the author arranged anunpredictable scene for us. Sometimes it was the moor full of clouds, sometimes it was courtyard with a sudden rain and wind. The story has always been shrouded in a kind of mysterious and horrible atmosphere.The novel is actually structured around two parallel love stories, the first half of the novel told about the love between Catherine and Heathcliff, while the rest dramatic second half told developing love between young Catherine and Harleton. In contrast to the first, the latter tale ends happily, restoring peace and order to Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange. The most important feature of young Catherine and Harleton’s love story is that it involves growth and change. Early in the novel Harleton seems brutal, savage, and illiterate, but over time he becomes a loyal friend to young Catherine and learns to read. Catherine and Heathcliff’s love, on the other hand, is rooted in their childhood and is marked by the refusal to change. In choosing to marry Edgar, Catherine seeks a more genteel life, but she refuses to adapt to her role as wife, either by sacrificing Heathcliff or embracing Edgar. Catherine and Heathcliff’s love is based on their shared perception that they are identical. As Catherine declares, “I am Heathcliff,” while Heathcliff, upon Catherine’s death, said that he cannot live without his “soul,” meaning Catherine.Catherine’s betrayal and her bitter destiny was the turning point of the whole story. It made Heathcliff change his love to hate. After Catherine died, the hate became the motivation of his revenge. He successfully attained his objective. Not only he let Edgar and the Linton died in desolation and possessed their property but also let their innocent younger generation experience the hardships. This kind of crazy revenge clearlyshowed his uncommon and rebellious behavior.This special spirit of revolt was formed by the special environment and his special character. Heathcliff’s love tragedy w as a tragedy of the society and that time.Wuthering Heights was known as “most strange novel” in the history of English literature and it was an unpredictable "strange book". The reason is that it was different from the sentimentalism that lies in the works of the same age. It replaced the deep sadness and depression with intense love, brutal hate and ruthless revenge. It just like a strange lyric poem, imagination and intensive emotion existed among the words and between the lines and it had a kind of amazing artistic power.第二篇：呼啸山庄英文赏析Wuthering Heights which has long been one of the most popular and highly regarded novels in English literature, it has a secure position in the canon of world literature. As a shattering presentation of the doomed love between the passionate Catherine and Heathcliff, it remains one of the most haunting love stories in all of literature. In Wuthering Heights, Nature is represented by the Earnshaw family and especially Catherine and Heathcliff. These characters are governed by their emotions, not by reflection or ideals of civility. Wuthering Heights symbolized a similar wildness. On the other hand, Thrushcross Grange and the Linton family represent culture, refinement, convention, and cultivation. Wuthering heights, through a love tragedy, presented a picture of deformity of the social life and Outlines a kind of humanity twisted by society and all kinds of terrible events.The story ended with Heathcliff’s suicide. He died for love and his death shows his love to Katherine. He gave up the revenge to the younger generation after he knew that youngCatherine and Harleton had fallen in love with each other shows that he was kind in nature. It was the cruel reality that twisted his humanity and made him become brutal and heartless. This kind of recovery of humanity was sublimation in spirit and it glared a kind of humanitarian ideal of the author and endows the terrible love tragedy some hope. Therefore, Heathcliff’s change of “love---hate---revenge---a recovery of humanity” is no t only the essence of the novel but also a clue throughout the whole novel. According to the clue, the author arranged an unpredictable scene for us. Sometimes it was the moor full of clouds, sometimes it was courtyard with a sudden rain and wind. The story has always been shrouded in a kind of mysterious and horrible atmosphere.The novel is actually structured around two parallel love stories, the first half of the novel told about the love between Catherine and Heathcliff, while the rest dramatic second half told developing love between young Catherine and Harleton. In contrast to the first, the latter tale ends happily, restoring peace and order to Wuthering Heights and Thrushcross Grange. The most important feature of young Catherine and Harleton’s lov e story is that it involves growth and change. Early in the novel Harleton seems brutal, savage, and illiterate, but over time he becomes a loyal friend to young Catherine and learns to read. Catherine and Heathcliff’s love, on the other hand, is rooted in their childhood and is marked by the refusal to change. In choosing to marry Edgar, Catherine seeks a more genteel life, but she refuses to adapt to her role as wife, either by sacrificing Heathcliff or embracing Edgar. Catherine and Heathcliff’s love is based on their shared perception that they are identical. As Catherine declares, “I am Heathcliff,” while Heathcliff, uponCatherine’s death, said that he cannot live without his “soul,” meaning Catherine.Catherine’s betrayal and her bitter destiny was t he turning point of the whole story. It made Heathcliff change his love to hate. After Catherine died, the hate became the motivation of his revenge. He successfully attained his objective. Not only he let Edgar and the Linton died in desolation and possessed their property but also let their innocent younger generation experience the hardships. This kind of crazy revenge clearly showed his uncommon and rebellious behavior. This special spirit of revolt was formed by the special environment and his special character. Heathcliff’s love tragedy was a tragedy of the society and that time.Wuthering Heights was known as “most strange novel” in the history of English literature and it was an unpredictable "strange book". The reason is that it was different from the sentimentalism that lies in the works of the same age. It replaced the deep sadness and depression with intense love, brutal hate and ruthless revenge. It just like a strange lyric poem, imagination and intensive emotion existed among the words and between the lines and it had a kind of amazing artistic power.第三篇：(呼啸山庄)Wuthering-Heights-英文介绍及赏析呼啸山庄Wuthering Heights transcends its genre in its sophisticated observation and artistic subtlety. The novel has been studied, analyzed, dissected, and discussed from every imaginable critical perspective, yet it remains unexhausted. And while the novel’s symbolism, themes, structure, and language may all spark fertile exploration, the bulk of its popularity may rest on its unforgettable characters. As a shattering presentation of thedoomed love affair between the fiercely passionate Catherine and Heathcliff, it remains one of the most haunting love stories in all of literature.Today, Wuthering Heights has a secure position in the canon of world literature, and Emily Brontë is revered as one of the finest writers—male or female—of the nineteenth century. Like Charlotte Brontë’s Jane Eyre, Wuthering Heights is based partly on the Gothic tradition of the late eighteenth century, a style of literature that featured supernatural encounters, crumbling ruins, moonless nights, and grotesque imagery, seeking to create effects of mystery and fear. But Wuthering Heights transcends its genre in its sophisticated observation and artistic subtlety. The novel has been studied, analyzed, dissected, and discussed from every imaginable critical perspective, yet it remains unexhausted. And while the novel’s symbolism, themes, structure, and language may all spark fertile exploration, the bulk of its popularity may rest on its unforgettable characters. As a shattering presentation of the doomed love affair between the fiercely passionate Catherine and Heathcliff, it remains one of the most haunting love stories in all of literature.Analysis of Major Characters Heathcliff Wuthering Heights centers around the story of Heathcliff. The first paragraph of the novel provides a vivid physical picture of him, as Lockwood describes how his “black eyes” withdraw suspiciously under his brows at Lockwood’s approach. Nelly’s story begins with his introduction into the Earnshaw family, his vengeful machinations drive the entire plot, and his death ends the book. The desire to understand him and his motivations has kept countless readers engaged in the novel. Heathcliff, however, defies being understood, and it is difficult for readers to resist seeing whatthey want or expect to see in him. The novel teases the reader with the possibility that Heathcliff is something other than what he seems—that his cruelty is merely an expression of his frustrated love for Catherine, or that his sinister behaviors serve to conceal the heart of a romantic hero. We expect Heathcliff’s character to contain such a hidden virtue because he resembles a hero in a romance novel. Traditionally, romance novel heroes appear dangerous, brooding, and cold at first, only later to emerge as fiercely devoted and loving. One hundred years before Emily Brontë wrote Wuthering Heights, the notion that “a reformed rake makes the best husband” was already a cliché of romantic literature, and romance novels center around the same cliché to this day. However, Heathcliff does not reform, and his malevolence proves so great and long-lasting that it cannot be adequately explained even as a desire for revenge against Hindley, Catherine, Edgar, etc. As he himself points out, his abuse of Isabella is purely sadistic, as he amuses himself by seeing how much abuse she can take and still come cringing back for more. Critic Joyce Carol Oates argues that Emily Brontë does the same thing to the reader that Heathcliff does to Isabella, testing to see how many times the reader can be shocked by Heathcliff’s gratuitous violence and still, masochistically, insist on seeing him as a romantic hero.呼啸山庄It is significant that Heathcliff begins his life as a homeless orphan on the streets of Liverpool. When Brontë composed her book, in the 1840s, the English economy was severely depressed, and the conditions of the factory workers in industrial areas like Liverpool were so appalling that the upper and middle classes feared violent revolt. Thus, many of the more affluent membersof society beheld these workers with a mixture of sympathy and fear. In literature, the smoky, threatening, miserable factory-towns were often represented in religious terms, and compared to hell. The poet William Blake, writing near the turn of the nineteenth century, speaks of England’s “dark Satanic Mills.” Heathcliff, of course, is frequently compared to a demon by the other characters in the book. Considering this historical context, Heathcliff seems to embody the anxieties that the book’s upper- and middle-class audience had about the working classes. The reader may easily sympathize with him when he is powerless, as a child tyrannized by Hindley Earnshaw, but he becomes a villain when he acquires power and returns to Wuthering Heights with money and the trappings of a gentleman. This corresponds with the ambivalence the upper classes felt toward the lower classes—the upper classes had charitable impulses toward lower-class citizens when they were miserable, but feared the prospect of the lower classes trying to escape their miserable circumstances by acquiring political, social, cultural, or economic power. Catherine The location of Catherine’s coffin symbolizes the conflict that tears apart her short life. She is not buried in the chapel with the Lintons. Nor is her coffin placed among the tombs of the Earnshaws. Instead, as Nelly describes in Chapter XVI, Catherine is buried “in a corner of the kirkyard, where the wall is so low that heath and bilberry plants have climbed over it from the moor.” Moreover, she is buried with Edgar on one side and Heathcliff on the other, suggesting her conflicted loyalties. Her actions are driven in part by her social ambitions, which initially are awakened during her first stay at the Lintons’, and which eventually compel her to marry Edgar. However, she is also motivated by impulses that prompt her to violate socialconventions—to love Heathcliff, throw temper tantrums, and run around on the moor.Edgar Just as Isabella Linton serves as Catherine’s foil, Edgar Linton serves as Heathcliff’s. Edgar is born and raised a gentleman. He is graceful, well-mannered, and instilled with civilized virtues. These qualities cause Catherine to choose Edgar over Heathcliff and thus to initiate the contention between the men. Nevertheless, Edgar’s gentlemanly qualities ultimately prove useless in his ensuing rivalry with Heathcliff. Edgar is particularly humiliated by his confrontation with Heathcliff in Chapter XI, in which he openly shows his fear of fighting Heathcliff. Catherine, having witnessed the scene, taunts him, saying, “Heathcliff would as soon lift a finger at you as the king would march his army against a colony of mice.” As the reader can see from the earliest descriptions of Edgar as a spoiled child, his refinement is tied to his helplessness and impotence. Charlotte Brontë, in her preface to the 1850 edition of Wuthering Heights, refers to Edgar as “an example of constancy and tenderness,” and goes on to suggest that her sister Emily was using Edgar to point out that such characteristics constitute true virtues in all human beings, and not just in women, as society tended to believe. However, Charlotte’s reading seems influenced by her own feminist a genda. Edgar’s inability to counter Heathcliff’s vengeance, and his naïve belief on his deathbed in his daughter’s safety and happiness, make him a weak, if sympathetic, characterThemes, MotifsThemes Themes are the fundamental and often universal ideas explored in a literary work. Moreover, Catherine and Heathcliff’s love is based on their shared perception that theyare identical. Catherine declares, famously, “I am Heathcliff,” while Heathcliff, upon Catherine’s death, wails that he cannot live withou t his “soul,” meaning Catherine. Their love denies difference, and is strangely asexual. The two do not kiss in dark corners or arrange secret trysts, as adulterers do. Given that Catherine and Heathcliff’s love is based upon their refusal to change over time or embrace difference in others, it is fitting that the disastrous problems of their generation are overcome not by some climactic reversal, but simply by the inexorable passage of time, and the rise of a new and distinct generation. Ultimately, Wuthering Heights presents a vision of life as a process of change, and celebrates this process over and against the romantic intensity of its principal呼啸山庄characters. As members of the gentry, the Earnshaws and the Lintons occupy a somewhat precarious place within the hierarchy of late eighteenth- and early nineteenth-century British society. At the top of British society was the royalty, followed by the aristocracy, then by the gentry, and then by the lower classes, who made up the vast majority of the population. Although the gentry, or upper middle class, possessed servants and often large estates, they held a nonetheless fragile social position. The social status of aristocrats was a formal and settled matter, because aristocrats had official titles. Members of the gentry, however, held no titles, and their status was thus subject to change. A man might see himself as a gentleman but find, to his embarrassment, that his neighbors did not share this view. A discussion of whether or not a man was really a gentleman would consider such questions as how much land he owned, how many tenants and servants he had, how he spoke, whether he kept horses anda carriage, and whether his money came from land or “trade”—gentlemen scorned banking and commercial activities. Considerations of class status often crucially inform the characters’ motivations in Wuthering Heights. Catherine’s decision to marry Edgar so that she will be “the greatest woman of the neighborhood” is only the most obvious example. The Lintons are relatively firm in their gentry status but nonetheless take great pains to prove this status through their behaviors. The Earnshaws, on the other hand, rest on much shakier ground socially. They do not have a carriage, they have less land, and their house, as Lockwood remarks with great puzzlement, resembles that of a “homely, northern farmer” and not that of a gentleman. The shifting nature of social status is demonstrated most strikingly in Heathcliff’s trajectory from homeless waif to young gentleman-by-adoption to common laborer to gentleman again (although the status-conscious Lockwood remarks that Heathcliff is only a gentleman in “dress and manners”).第四篇：呼啸山庄英文reportAs far as I am concerned,during Catherine’s lifetime,Heathcliff was adopted by Earnshaw’s,but his son Hendry insulted and maltread Heathcliff in every possible way after Mr Earnshaw’s death.It is Heathcliff’s low status and the ambiguity of class belongings made him suffer discrimination and injustice in the Wuthering pared with H endry,his sister Catherine’s exist made Catherine feel the love that he never had before.They all had the same yearing for freedom.And they were connected on the uninhabited instinct.Their soul was permeated and blended and they were just like an isolated soulmate.It’s Catherine who made Heathcliff find the hope oflife.However,while Heathcliff heard the news that Catherine was going to marry Eadgr,he can’t accept it and left Wuthering Heights.At that time,Heathcliff’s hope was shattered because of Cather ine’s betray.Five years later,as soon as Heathcliff went back to Wuthering Heights,Catherine had moved to thrushcross,grange and lived together with Edagr.Heathcliff loved Catherine so intensely that he disgusted everything around him and began to take vengeance on Hendry and Eadgar.However, wandering between the lover and husband,Catherine was tortured and weakned and finally died after giving birth to a baby girl.Catherine’s death made Heathliff more and more crazy and acclerate the vegeance on everything around him,for which he thought it’s their fault to make he lost Catherine forever. In a word,Catherine provided Heathliff love and regret whatever before her death of after death.The intense love for Catherine deeply rooted in Heathliff’s heart so that h e can’t help torturing Hendry more,possessing himself of the Wuthering Height.第五篇：呼啸山庄英文读后感Wuthering Heights Wuthering Heights was published in 1847, and was the only novel written by Emily Bronte. As we know, Emily Bronte and Charlotte, Anne was together called as three sisters‟ constellation in the English literary history. In 1818, Emily Bronte was born in the poor priest family. With less than two years old, she and her family moved to Howard areas and lived in a remote wilderness, and she never left there. When she was 27 years old, she started to write Wuthering Heights, and published it when she was 29 years old. But Wuthering Heights was not well received by the reading public, many of whom condemned it as sordid, vulgar, and unnatural--and author EmilyBronte went to her grave in 1848 believing that her only novel was a failure. It was not until 1850, when Wuthering Heights received a second printing with an introduction by Emily's sister Charlotte, that it attracted a wide readership. And from that point the reputation of the book has never looked back. T oday it is widely recognized as one of the great novels of English literature.Wuthering Heights is a story of love and revenge; it is the typical gothic novel. It is told in the form of an extended flashback. After a visit to his strange landlord, a newcomer to the area desires to know the history of the family--which he receives from Nelly Deans, a servant who introduces us to the Earnshaw family who once resided in the house known as Wuthering Heights. It was once a cheerful place, but Old Earnshaw adopted a "Gipsy" child who he named Heathcliff. And Catherine, daughter of the house, regarded him as the perfect companion: wild, rude, and as proud and cruel as she. But although Catherine loves him, even recognizes him as her soul mate, she cannot lower herself to marry so far below her social station. She instead marries another, and in so doing sets in motion an obsession that will destroy them all.Wuthering Heights is not so easy to “get into” , because the description of the environment and the character, the portrait of this obsessive love is so dark and somewhat off-putting. But in this novel there was the flow of the work in a remarkable way setting the stage for one of the most remarkable structures. And these structures circles upon itself in a series of repetitions as it plays out across two generations. Besides, the description of wasteland in the novel gave more impression for readers. Wasteland gives Wuthering Heights rare vigor and charm and gloomier, mysterious, wild, remarkable, full of passion. What‟smore, it is the temperament and charm of Wuthering Heights, and can be summed up in two ways: one is the Wuthering of humanity; the other is the Wuthering of nature.Wuthering Heights explores the philosophy of humanity. The characters in the novel are full of boldness, wildness and passion which is the human nature and instinct that free from the restrict of social civilization. In this novel, passion is the key to bring the readers into the story, it does not matter of good and evil, beauty and ugliness, it‟s a real existence for us to experience and think. Wuthering Heights is a story of love, but it is different with other love story. During the whole novel, the female leading role --Catherine rarely use "love" to describe the relationship between her and the male leading role--Heathcliff. But In that night she decided personally the tragic fate of her and Heathcliff, she said …my great miseries in this world have been Heathcliff‟s miseries, and I watched and felt each from the beginning: my great thought in living is himself. If all else perished, and he remained, I should still continue to be; and if all else remained, and he was annihilated, the universe would turn to a mighty stranger: I should not seem a part of it……I am Heathcliff! He‟s always, always in my mind: not as a pleasure, any more than I is always a pleasure to me, but as my own being.‟This is the real soul of Catherine, she love Heathcliff, but she can‟t marry with him because of her selfish and the pretentious feature. This is the paradox of love which leads to the tragic end for Catherine and Heathcliff. Wuthering Heights is a story of revenge. After knowing the decision what Catherine made, Heathcliff left her, left Wuthering Heights. But he came back after several years, and retaliated Catherine and all the people who had jeered and abused him before. When Catherine was going to die, he wasextremely cruel and did not give her tenderness and consolation, but said to her…you teach me how cruel you‟ve been-cruel and false. Why did you despise me? Why did you betray your own heart,Cathy? I have not one word of comfort. You deserve this. You have killed yourself.……You love me—then what right bad you to leave me? What right—answer me—for the poor fancy you felt for Linton? Because misery, and degradation, and death, and nothing that God or satan could inflict would have parted us,you, of your own will, did it, you have broken mine. So much the worse for me,that I am strong. Do I want to live? What kind of living will it be when you—oh, God! Would you like to live with your soul in the grave?‟ Yes, Heathcliff hated Catherine so much, because he loved her so much. He must retaliate so that he could be survival from the sadness and the broken heart.The end of the novel was that Heathcliff committed suicide, his death is a die for their love, and express his undyong love for Catherine. Before he died, he gave up the revenge of the next generation. This reflects that he has a good nature, but because of the cruel reality he loses his nature. The recovery of humanity is a spiritual sublimation and reflects the humanitarian ideals.Wuthering Heights is a stunning novel; frightening, inexorable, unsettling, filled with unbridled passion that makes one cringe. Even if you do not like it, you should read it at least once--and those who do like it will return to it again and again。

Comments on Wuthering Heights(英国文学论文——呼啸山庄评论)

Comments on Wuthering Heights(英国文学论文——呼啸山庄评论)Historical ContextEngland under the reign of Queen Victoria was in a prolonged phase of expansion. The Industrial Revolution saw the transformation of a predominately agricultural economy to a factory economy. Millions would eventually flock to London in search of the new jobs, but Emily Bronte grew up in the last days of rural England. The tenor of the times was conservative and sensitive to society’s unwillingn ess to accept women as authors—Emily, Charlotte, and Ann Bronte. Their works were published under male pseudonyms. The tempestuous climate of northern England in Haworth, Yorkshire, left its mark on the Bronte’s children, whose fascination with the expanse and storms of the moors is emphasized in the novel. For Emily, who was never happy far from home, the local moorland and valleys, and the grit stone architecture typicality of the age were the basis for the setting of Wuthering Heights.The Main Idea of the NovelIn Wuthering Heights, the main character is Heathcliff who was picked up by old Mr. Earnshaw, the host of Wuthering Heights, in the busy streets of Liverpool. During staying in Wuthering Heights, Heathciff hated Hindley, old Mr. Earnshaw’s son and crazily loved Earnshaw’s daughter—Catherine Earnshaw. But Cathe rine didn’t obey her promise and got married with Edgar Linton, the host of Thrushcross Grange, she declared that she only wanted to make full use of Linton’s wealth to help Heathcliff, but Heathcliff only knew clearly that all the people cheated him. For avenging, he made the terrible plans and started a series of scandalous and despicable actions. In the end, he got all the wealth, however, he lost his love and his conscience. In the night with biting wind and heavy snow, he died with sadness and hatred.Introduction on Emily BronteEmily Bronte is the greatest writer of the three Bronte sisters —Charlotte Bronte, Ann Bronte and her. She was born in Thornton on Aug. 20, 1818，the daughter of Anglican minister and grew up in Haworth in the bleak West Riding of Yorkshire. Except for an unhappy year at a charity school, her education was directed at home by her father. She died of consumption on Dec. 19, 1848. Refusing all medical attention, she struggled to perform her household tasks until the end. Besides some of her best lyrics, Emily Bronte published only one novel, Wuthering Heights, a story of doomed love and revenge. But the single work had its place among the masterpieces of English literature.Four Important ThemesIn the Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte shows different aspects of themes. There are four important themes needed to pay attention to—Spiritual Feelings, Revenge, Obsession, Responsibility.In Wuthering Heights, Emily Bronte mainly focused on the spiritual feelings of the characters. The difference between the feeling which Catherine had for Heathcliff and the one she gained for Edgar was that Heathcliff was her real soul mate. On the other hand, Edgar was only part of her superficial love. She only moved a little bit in her heart for Edgar because he took good care of her and gave his love for her .Therefore, it was the spiritual love rather than a physical love that brought Heathcliff and Catherine together.Revenge was the most dominant theme in the book, although in the end Heathcliff abandoned his plan for revenge. When Heathcliff was always abused by Hindley when they were younger, he started to hate Hindley and wanted to seek revenge. After he came back from his journey, he made Hindley’s life a living hell. Heathcliff got all of the property from gambling with Hindley. Besides Hindley, Heathcliff also wanted revenge on Edgar who married the woman Heathcliff loved devotedly. He didn’t want to accept the truth that Catherine lived with Edgar but he had no power to prevent them yet. However, in the last chapter, Heathcliff first believed that he would somehow grow closer to Catherine if he could avenge her death. In the end, although Heathcliff gave up his plan for revenge, he still could be reunited with Catherine in external bliss.Obsession played a big role on Heathcliff’s love for Catherine. After Catherine came back from the Lintons, Heathcliff marked off the days that he came over to spend time with Catherine and the days that he didn’t come over, which were the days she spent time with Heathcliff. After Catherine married Edgar Linton and moved to Thrushcross Grange, Heathcliff often stood outside her window to watch her. Heathcliff was obsessed with the love he had for Catherine. He loved Catherine more than his own life. The two aspects had a powerful emotional bond together.Responsibility brought the servants into the picture, mainly Ellen Dean. After old Mr. Earnshaw died, Ellen Dean took upon most of the responsibility because she was the only woman in the house to do so. She raised Catherine and Heathcliff and later on five years of Hindley’s son. After she could no longer take care of Hareton, she had no responsibility for him. As a result of this, Hareton grew up with no education and bad language which he got from Joseph who was the only person to have some type of responsibility for him. Then Ellen Dean had the responsibility of Cathy, Catherine’s daughter after Catherine passed away.ConclusionWuthering Heights reflects the truth that in the 19th century, the people who lived in the capitalistic society were oppressed from spirit with the modality of artistic imagination. In this novel, there is not idealism and false comfort. The love between Heathcliff and Catherine is the greatest one in the world because their faithful love indomitably resists the old society which is controlled by the evil group.Wuthering Heights is the great work and is also honored as “ the most marvelous novel ” .。

呼啸山庄英文读后感作文

呼啸山庄英文读后感作文The wild and untamed nature of Wuthering Heights reflects the turbulent emotions of its characters, makingit a truly captivating read. The brooding atmosphere and intense relationships between the characters draw you in from the very beginning.The complex and flawed characters in the novel, such as Heathcliff and Catherine, are both fascinating and frustrating. Their passionate and destructive love for each other creates a sense of tension and drama that keeps you on the edge of your seat.The themes of revenge, betrayal, and obsession are woven throughout the story, adding depth and complexity to the narrative. The novel's exploration of these dark and intense emotions is both unsettling and compelling.The narrative structure of Wuthering Heights, with its multiple narrators and non-linear timeline, adds to thesense of mystery and intrigue. The shifting perspectives allow you to see the story from different angles, keeping you guessing and engaged until the very end.Overall, Wuthering Heights is a haunting and powerful novel that stays with you long after you've finished reading it. Its raw emotion and dark beauty make it a timeless classic that continues to resonate with readers today.。

作文：《呼啸山庄中的爱情与复仇》

作文：《呼啸山庄中的爱情与复仇》英文版本Wuthering Heights is the representative work of British author Emily Bronte, which depicts a story full of love and revenge. In this story, it mainly showcases several different forms of love relationships, as well as how people fall into misfortune due to hatred and revenge.Firstly, we can see Heathcliff's deep love for Catherine. Heathcliff loved Catherine so deeply that when she chose Edgar over him, he felt immense pain and anger. His love is exclusive and he cannot accept Catherine being with others. He launched a destructive revenge as a result, pouring all his resentment and hatred onto the descendants of the people he loved. This relationship between love and revenge fills the entire story with tragedy.At the same time, we can also see the pure, although not so intense, love between Catherine and Edgar. Their relationship was gentle and respectful, but due to Heathcliff's interference and revenge, this love was ultimately destroyed.In Wuthering Heights, love and revenge intertwine, showcasing the complexity of human nature and uncontrollable inner desires. Love can be beautiful or painful; Revenge can be powerful or self destructive. For everyone, how to handle the relationship between their love and revenge will determine their fate.Therefore, the love and revenge in Wuthering Heights is a profound exploration that prompts readers to contemplate the complexity of human nature and moral choices. It teaches us to cherish love, not be blinded by revenge, and to exchange tolerance and forgiveness for happiness and peace. Only in this way can we stay away from tragedy and move towards light.中文版本《呼啸山庄》是英国作家艾米莉·勃朗特的代表作，这部小说描绘了一个充满爱情与复仇的故事。

呼啸山庄英文作文

呼啸山庄英文作文Title: Wuthering Heights: Exploring Themes and Characters。

Wuthering Heights, penned by Emily Brontë, is a timeless classic that delves into the complexities of human nature, love, revenge, and societal expectations. Set against the haunting backdrop of the Yorkshire moors, the novel captivates readers with its vivid characters and tumultuous relationships.One of the central themes of Wuthering Heights is the destructive power of unfulfilled love and its repercussions on individuals and families. The characters of Heathcliff and Catherine embody this theme through their passionate yet doomed relationship. Their love is intense and all-consuming, yet societal constraints and personal ambitions drive them apart. Heathcliff's relentless pursuit of revenge after Catherine's death further highlights the devastating effects of unresolved feelings.Moreover, the novel explores the theme of social class and its impact on relationships and identity. Heathcliff, an orphan of unknown parentage, is brought into the Earnshaw family and faces discrimination and abuse due to his lower social status. His desire for revenge stemspartly from the humiliation and mistreatment he endured as a child. Catherine's decision to marry Edgar Linton, a man of higher social standing, despite her love for Heathcliff, reflects the societal pressures and expectations of the time.The characters in Wuthering Heights are deeply flawed yet compelling, adding layers of complexity to the narrative. Heathcliff, with his brooding demeanor and vengeful nature, is both a villain and a victim of circumstance. His obsession with Catherine consumes him and drives much of the novel's plot. Catherine, meanwhile, struggles with her conflicting emotions and desires, torn between Heathcliff's wild passion and Edgar's stability and social status.The supporting characters in the novel also contributeto its richness and depth. Characters like Hindley Earnshaw, Isabella Linton, and Hareton Earnshaw undergo significant transformations throughout the story, reflecting thenovel's themes of redemption and forgiveness. Their relationships with Heathcliff and Catherine furtherillustrate the complexities of love and loyalty.Brontë's masterful use of language and imagery adds to the novel's haunting atmosphere. The Yorkshire moors, with their rugged beauty and wildness, serve as a metaphor for the untamed passions and emotions of the characters. The bleak and desolate landscape mirrors the internal struggles faced by the characters, adding to the novel's sense of foreboding and tragedy.In conclusion, Wuthering Heights is a timeless classic that continues to captivate readers with its exploration of love, revenge, and societal expectations. Through its vivid characters and haunting setting, the novel delves into the complexities of human nature and the destructive power of unfulfilled desires. Emily Brontë's enduring masterpieceremains as relevant and compelling today as it was when it was first published.。

呼啸山庄的英文作文怎么写

呼啸山庄的英文作文怎么写Wuthering Heights is a classic novel written by Emily Bronte, which has been widely read and discussed by readers all over the world. The novel tells a story of love, revenge, and tragedy, which is set in the wild and rugged landscape of the Yorkshire moors. In this essay, I will share my thoughts and feelings about this remarkable novel.The first thing that struck me about Wuthering Heightsis the vivid and intense portrayal of the characters. Each character is unique and complex, with their own motivations and desires. The central character, Heathcliff, is particularly fascinating, as he embodies both the dark and light aspects of human nature. His passionate love for Catherine, combined with his ruthless pursuit of revenge, creates a character that is both sympathetic and terrifying.Another aspect of the novel that I found compelling is the setting. The Yorkshire moors are described in suchvivid detail that they become almost like a character intheir own right. The harsh and unforgiving landscape mirrors the tumultuous emotions of the characters, and adds a sense of foreboding to the story. The isolation and wildness of the moors also serve to heighten the intensity of the relationships between the characters.One of the themes that runs throughout the novel is the destructive power of love. The love between Catherine and Heathcliff is all-consuming, but it ultimately leads to their downfall. Their passion for each other is so intense that it blinds them to the consequences of their actions, and they end up causing pain and suffering to everyone around them. This theme is explored in a nuanced and complex way, and it raises important questions about the nature of love and its impact on our lives.The structure of the novel is also noteworthy. The story is told through a series of nested narratives, with different characters recounting their experiences and perspectives. This creates a sense of ambiguity and uncertainty, as the reader is forced to piece together the different accounts to form a coherent picture of events. Italso allows for multiple interpretations of the story, as each character has their own biases and prejudices that shape their version of events.In conclusion, Wuthering Heights is a masterpiece of English literature that has stood the test of time. Its vivid characters, evocative setting, and complex themes make it a compelling and thought-provoking read. Whether you are a fan of classic literature or simply looking for a gripping story, Wuthering Heights is a must-read.。

呼啸山庄的英文感悟作文

呼啸山庄的英文感悟作文英文：As I read through "Wuthering Heights", I was struck by the powerful emotions and complex relationships portrayedin the novel. The characters are deeply flawed yet incredibly human, and their actions are driven by love, jealousy, and revenge. The tumultuous love story between Heathcliff and Catherine is both tragic and captivating, and it serves as the driving force behind the entire narrative.One of the key themes of the novel is the destructive power of unchecked passion. Heathcliff's obsessive love for Catherine leads to a cycle of revenge and cruelty that spans generations. It's a stark reminder of the consequences of allowing emotions to consume us without restraint. The novel also delves into the idea of social class and the way it shapes the characters' lives and relationships. The divide between the Earnshaws and theLintons is a constant source of tension and conflict, highlighting the rigid social hierarchies of the time.The setting of the novel, the wild and untamed moors of Yorkshire, serves as a fitting backdrop for the intense emotions and turbulent relationships that unfold. The harsh and unforgiving landscape mirrors the harshness of the characters' lives, and it adds a layer of bleakness to the story.Overall, "Wuthering Heights" is a timeless classic that continues to resonate with readers today. Its exploration of love, revenge, and the human condition is as relevant now as it was when it was first published. It's a novelthat delves deep into the complexities of human nature and leaves a lasting impression on anyone who reads it.中文：在阅读《呼啸山庄》时，我被小说中所描绘的强烈情感和复杂关系所震撼。

《呼啸山庄》：一部女性哥特小说英语专业毕业论文

《呼啸山庄》：一部女性哥特小说[Abstract] Wuthering Heights is the only novel by Emily Brontë, an English woman writer in the 19th century. Also it is a piece of exquisite works of the world’s literature, which displays a sea of Gothic colors. This paper tries to make a research on the production of Wuthering Heights, basing on Gothic tradition of European and American literature. Emily Brontë makes use of and breaks through Gothic tradition in the facets of the portrayal of the characters and the use of image. Drawing on her extraordinary imagination, Emily succeeds in merging reality with Gothic techniques like symbolism, terror, and mystery, inputs the passionate feelings and energy into the old modes, and perfectly unites the Gothic form with passionate contents. The thesis aims at digging out some hidden implications in the novel from a new and different perspective to provide the reader with more enlightenment and speculation and tries at the same time to help the readers reread this novel from the angle of Female Gothic by displaying the surrealistic description of the devilish characters and the nightmares.[Key Words] Wuthering Heights; Female Gothic novel; devilish characters; nightmares【摘要】《呼啸山庄》是19世纪英国女作家艾米莉•勃朗特的惟一的一部小说，也是世界文学园地中的一朵奇葩，其中展现了大量的哥特色彩。

英语本科论文呼啸山庄的悲剧根源

IntroductionWuthering Heights,written by Emily Bronte, is one of the greatest curiosities, as it is one of the greatest masterpieces of literature. However, upon the first appearance of the novel, “it was much neglected and regarded as a naive fantasy by a young writer.”1Not until 1950s did it begin to be highly valued and recently the western critics have exalted it as the greatest novel of the Victorian age.Emily Bronte is an English novelist. She was born in 1818, and shared one parsonage with her elder sister, Charlotte, her brother Branwell, her younger sister, Anne, her father, the Reverend Patrick Bronte, and her aunt, who raised the Bronte children after their mother died. The Brontes lived in Haworth, a Yorkshire village in the midst of the moors. These wild, desolate expanses — later the setting of Wuthering Heights —made up the Brontes’ daily environment. Emily Bronte was perhaps the greatest writer of the three Bronte sisters, and she also was the most solitary member of a unique, tightly knit. Her sister Charlotte Bronte once commented on her: “Stronger than a man, Simple than a child, her nature stood alone.”2At the beginning, Emily Bronte writes some pomes and which were come across by Charlotte Bronte. At her sister’s urging, Emily’spoem s were published along with Charlotte’s and Anne’s in 1846. In order to avoid the social prejudice of women, they used pseudonym Currer, Ellis and Acton Bell. An almost complete silence greeted this volume, but the three sisters, buoyed by the fact of publication, immediately began to write novels. Emily’s effort Wuthering Heights appeared in 1847, but at that time it was not well received by the reading public, many of them condemned it as a book full of paganism thought and mental abnormality, and they also condemned it as a sordid, vulgar, and unnatural novel which should be renamed “Withering Heights”.3 Emily Bronte went to her grave in 1848 believing that her only novel was a failure. It was not until 1850, when Wuthering Heights received a second print ing with an introduction by Emily’s sister Charlotte, that it attracted a wide readership. And from that point the reputation of the book has never been looked back. Today it is widely recognized as one of the great novels of English literature.Wuthering Heights biased on the Victorian Period. The beginning of the story was Mr. Lockwood’s visiting of Wuthering Heights. His amazement of Heathcliff’s surliness and curiosity of beautiful Catherine’s rudeness urged him to listen to a very strange and frightening love story from Nelly Dean. Heathcliff is an orphan with unknown family background. By chance, he is brought to Heights fromthe streets of Liverpool by Mr Earnshaw and is treated as his own child, but it leads his own son Hindley’s jealousy and res entment. After Earnshaw’s death, Hindley begins to persecute Heathcliff. During his revolt, the love between Heathcliff and Catherine develops. But due to some worldly reasons, Catherine finally betrays Heathcliff and married with Edgar Linton, young master of Thrushcross Grange. Heathdiff left with anger. Nobody knows where he was going and nobody tried to find him. Three years later, he returned to revenge, hate changed the naive Heathcliff to the dragon and his first victim is Catherine, who dies from giving birth to a girl, another Catherine. Isabella Linton, Edgar’s sister, whom Heathcliff had married, flees to the south. Their son Linton and Catherine are married, but Linton died. Hareton, Hindley’s son, and the young widow became close. Heathcliff suc ceeded in annexing all the property of Hindley’s and the Linton’s. However, Cathiner’s ghost pestered him all the time. As increasingly isolated and alienated of daily life, Heathcliff longs for the death that will reunite him with Catherine. It is a love tragedy and there are many aspects result in this tragic ending. The present thesis attempts to discuss what lead to this.Chapter I. Social csuaesLove is pure and credible; there are fierce feelings in each other’s mind. But as a result of common c ustoms, life experiences, social position and values lead to their separations and the failure of love, just like the chief actors’ tragic love in Wuthering Heights.A.The Social EnvironmentEmily is living in the Victorian times, so her fictional characters have the same background. At that time UK was a classic patriarchy society with strict hierarchy and class contradiction, divided human into several levels. The working people not only were exploited and oppressed by the corrupt landed aristocracy, but also ruled by the emerging bourgeois nobles. There is no doubt that money and property is nothing but everything in the capitalist society. The nobleman is enormously proud of their success, they think poverty is shameful, status is first and money is God. Meanwhile women were oppressed too, whose personal rights had been deprived.The middle class women were in worse condition, because they did not go to work, which was regarded as the symbol of estate or status of man. They had to cling to man—their fathers, husbands, brothers or their sons for life and became others’ dolls. For them, marriage was the best home and all success or failure was depended on it. Inmarriage, women were equivalent to jetton which was used to consolidate the family’s status and promotion of family wealth. It was the wooer’s wealth and status that decided the success or failure of one’s marriage. If the marriage was opposed by families, it was more likely to be a failure.To elope with his/her lover was the last choice for youth who loved each other so deeply and wouldn’t abandon each other forever. But elopement means losing everything. In Victoria times, elopement and adultery were regarded as shameful things, which would be condemned by the society. As a result, they had to live an incognito life, struggling to be against the ruthless and furious life. In that time, though marriage was not arranged, it was not free either.Heathcliff and Catherine’s love budded at this social environment; they belong to different stratum originally. Catherine Earnshaw is the bourgeoisie and Heathcliff is the underclass which was opposed to the former. This decided their love was an error from the very beginning; it is a mortal blow for their love when Catherine recognized the great disparity on status. When Catherine realized: “if Heathcliff and I married, we should be beggars? Whereas, if I marry Linton, I can aid Heathcliff to rise, and place him out of my brother’s power.”4 It seemed that it is the best way she can choose.Heathcliff and Catherine are the victims in the Victorian Age, although they fight against their current life, their resistance was so weakness under the social customs. They are doomed to be victims of the capitalist society. Their love was also doomed to be a tragedy.B. The Family BackgroundHeathcliff, who was picked up by Old Earnshaw, is a homeless orphan on the streets of Liverpool. He is a gipsy boy, Heathcliff is the name of Earnshaw’s dead son. He was treated by Mr. Earnshaw as his own children, Catherine and Hindley, and studiedy and read with them together equally. Earnshaw likes him more than his own son, which leads to Hindley’s jealousness. He dislikes Heathdiff and always bullied him. Hindley is punishing Heathcliff for his free status, as a fostered member of the family rather than merely a laboring body, by secretly subjecting him to the conditions of slavery. At the same time, peculiar emotion occurred between Heathcliff and Catherine. Since Mr. Earnshaw died, Hindley treats Heathcliff as a slave; he insulted and maltreated him in every possible way. He insisted that Heathcliff should labor out of doors instead, “compelling him to do so, as hard as any other lad on the farm.”5 Born in the lower class, Heathcliff receives little education. His language is quite violent. These factors cause Heathcliff to become a wild person.Catherine is Old Earnshaw’s daughter and Hindley’s little sister. Her father doted on her, the servants respected her, and she lived comfortably and did not worry about her back and belly. Unfortunately, her mother died early when she was a child, and her father was too ill to reprimand the free spirited child, “who was too mischievous and wayward for a favorite.”6 Therefore, Catherine grew up among nature and lacked the sophistication of high society. In this case she knew Heathcliff, who became her playmates and her friend. They get along with each other day and night. As they grow up, tint of love is sparkling between them, and they become lovers from good friends. After Old Earnshaw died, Hindley become the master of Wuthering Heights. He let Heathcliff into the ranks of the servant and not allowed Catherine to speak with him. But Catherine further disregarded social standards and remained friends with Heathcliff despite his degradation by Hindley. They run up in the wilderness together and she always stood on the side of Heathcliff and they together opposed Hindly. She wrote in her diary “An awful Sunday!” commenced the paragraph beneath. “I wish my father were back again. Hindley is a detestable substitute—his conduct to Heathcliff is atrocious—Heathcliff and I are going to rebe l.”7However, in that society money and status dominated everything, they were unable to resist Catherine’s elder brother who would tryhis best to stop her and Heathcliff to get married. If they elope, it means they will lose everything. They not only had to break with the family and give up the right of inheriting the rank of families and wealth, but also had to bear heavy social pressure. It is even difficult for them to live under such family background, and their love is doomed to have no good results.Chapter II. Causes of the charactersEnvironment is interdependent with people and impacts the formation of character. Sudden change of the environment will lead to the hidden character to break out. When one’s character is changed, the destiny will change with it; and this is one of the causes of Heathcliff and Catherine’s love tragedy.A. The Character of Heathcliff1. Childhood PeriodIn 1771, the abandoned boy Heathcliff was brought to Wuthering Heights by Earnshaw, a warm-hearted man and the host of Wuthering Heights. He is so black when he firstly turning up as if he has come out of the hell, “a dirty, ragged, black-haired child; big enough both to walk and talk…”8 Consequently, the family of Earnshaw all show an abominable attitude towards this little dirty thing, “Mrs. Earnshaw was ready to fling it out of doors…They entirely refused to have it in bed with them or even in their room…I［Nelly］put it on the landing of the stairs, hoping it might be gone on the morrow…”9In spite of this, Heathcliff lived there, but everyone, especially Hindley, looked down upon him and even insulted him. Hindley, the son of Earnshaw, takes Heathcliff as an ominous thing, had learned to regard him as “a usurper of his parent’s affectionsand his privileges.”10Hindley managed to find any way to “plagued and went on with him.”11As the novel writes, “He seemed a sullen, patient child; hardened, perhaps, to ill-treatment: he would stand Hindley’s blows without winking or shedding a tear.”12In such a hostile environment to grow up, Heathcliff will naturally develop a kind of stubbornness, apathy depression and the courage to resist personality. This is also a foreshadowing which prefigures the development of the love tragedy between him and Catherine.Although he was oppressed and insulted by Hindley, Heathcliff is still happy. When Old Earnshaw discovered that his son had persecuted the poor, fatherless child, he was furious. He took to Heathcliff, believing all he said. Catherine became his best friend; they studied and played together, on that wasteland their laughter was resounded everywhere. At that time he was a rather happy and innocent boy, feeling very comfortable. The care of old Earnshaw, and love from Catherine let his heart full of gratitude inspired the goodness and which was deeply under his inner heart. He used the best way to return his benefactor.But after the death of the old masters, Hindley becomes the lord of the Heights. Heathcliff is taken as a home servant and being envied and hated all the time, and he tastes the cruelty of human life from Hindley’s whip. He seems arrogant because he overcompensates forhis feeling of inferiority. Long-term abuse and oppression twist his character; he becomes introversive day by day, begains to hate human beings, and even is hostile to the world. Fortunately, Catherine accompanies him, which makes it possible for him to capture a little bit of friendship a nd hope in dejectedness. For Hindley’s ill-treatment, he chooses forbearance not because he is a coward but because he has Catherine. As long as he has her love, he would forget all the pain and humiliation and can endure great tribulation; as long as he is in possession of her love, he can be living tenaciously in the crevice of rock, he can see sunshine in the crude and gloomy reality, and to be himself.2. After the Betrayal of CatherineUnfortunately, this love did not last long. Since Catherine comes back from Thrushcross Grange, she has changed a lot “her manners much improved.”13Rich and comfortable life in Thrushcross Grange has tempted Catherine; she began to look down on Heathcliff. Because of her desire for social prominence, Catherine marries Edgar Linton instead of Heathcliff. This fatal hitting provides Heathcliff with a premise to become a rather cruel man. It is not difficult to imagine how sad he is when he heard Catherine said: “It would degrade me to marry Heathcliff now…”14Heathcliff grievously leaves Wuthering Heights at that night. It is the turning point that Heathcliff startsto change from innocence into quietness. Catherine’s betrayal made the last point of love in Heathcliff’s life disappeared. The stubbornness and apathy depression personality shaped when he was young decided once he has been betrayed he will go to the extreme. He leaves Wuthering Heights and embarks his plots to take revenge. Strong love changed into strong hate, his soul was painful, as painful twist, as twist he become stubborn, cruel. He is totally twisted from a man to a ghost.Three years later, when Heathcliff returns Wuthering Heights, he seeks to destroy those who severed the relationship between himself and Catherine. Then Heathcliff put his first step into luring Isabella, the younger sister of Linton, to marry him. During the three years, Heathcliff has accumulated a lot of fortune and become a gentleman, which attracts Isabella. Thus, Heathcliff easily gains Isabella. But after their elopement, Heathcliff severely persecutes Isabella, treating her not as a person, but just as a thing to which he gives vent.As Heathcliff seeks his revenge, he becomes fiendish and is constantly associated with diabolical feelings, images and actions. Revenge reinforces the inhuman aspect of Heathcliff. Nelly recalled that his face bore the greatest pain at being the instrument that thwarted his own revenge.As a father his attitude is devoid of fatherly feeling. He sees his own son only as a pawn in his revenge and his main consideration lies in calculating whether Linton lives long enough to have married Catherine so having acquired Thrushcross Grange. Once the marriage has taken place, Linton’s life is seen as worthless by Heathcliff, his life is not worth a farth ing, and Heathcliff won’t spend a farthing on him. He is a brutal man. Even his wife Isabella recognizes the sadistic treatment by Heathcliff and asks: “Is Mr. Heathcliff a man? Is he the devil?”15Love is a nuisance, and it destroys Heathcliff; social level system is a savage, and it buries the whole life of Heathcliff. All in all, Heathcliff has successfully become a cruel man. It is his love to Catherine and his hatred to Catherine’s betrayal that complete the transformation of Heathcliff from an innocent boy to a ghost. His crazy revenge is the root of the love tragedy. Revenge is not able to restore his lost love, but on the contrary to destroy his body so that he died tragically in a rainy night.B. The Character of Catherine1. Childhood PeriodCertainly, she had ways with her such as I never sawa child take up before; and she put all of us past ourpatience fifty times and oftener in a day: from the hourshe came downstairs till the hour she went to bed, wehad not a minute's security that she wouldn't be inmischief. Her spirits were always at high-water mark,her tongue always going--singing, laughing, andplaguing everybody who would not do the same. A wild,wicked slip she was--but she had the bonniest eye, thesweetest smile, and lightest foot in the parish; and,after all, I believe she meant no harm; for when onceshe made you cry in good earnest, it seldom happened thatshe would not keep you company, and oblige you to be quietthat you might comfort her.16As the vivid description in the book Catherine is a free-spirited, wild, passionate, and somewhat spoiled young woman. She has higher blood, but dose not have a happy childhood the same like Heathcliff’s. Her father Old Earnshaw who does not like her, cannot bear her vivacity and naughtiness. Once he said to her: “I cannot love thee; thou’rt worse than thy brother… I doubt thy mother and I must rue that we ever reared thee!”17 In the family, Catherine has been living under the patriarchal violence and no one really loved her. Her father had always been strict and grave with her, but he was too ill to reprimand the free spirited child, who was too mischievous and wayward for a favorite. Therefore, Catherine grew up among natureand lacked the sophistication of high society.Under such circumstances, the wild and wicked slip personality decided she began to resist with Heathcliff. They both promised to grow up as rude as savages and one of their chief amusements was to run away to the moors in the morning and remain there all day. This is a foundation for their love. However they are not the same class, when Catherine aware of this, their love would be difficult to continue.In her heart, Catherine also has a sense of aristocratic superiority like her brother, “In play, she liked exceedingly to act the little mistress; using her hands freely, and commanding her companions”.18 This reflects her hypocrisy and foretells her final choice between Heathcliff and Edgar.2. After Comeback From Trushcross GrangeAfter Catherine and Heathcliff get into trouble in Thrushcross Grange, Catherine was bitten by dogs and stayed there for recuperation. But when she has been living in Thrushcross Grange for about five weeks, she becomes another person. At Nelly’s eyes she is no longer a wild, detestable little barbarian but a very dignified person.The members in Thrushcross Grange feed her rich food, wine and cakes from their own table, washing her feet, combing her hair,dressing her in enormous slippers and wheeling her like a doll. These waked up her natural nobility and she does not want to come back to the former situations. She felt the obvious difference between Edgar and Heathcliff. One was a handsome, young, lively, rich and decent gentleman, while the other was an ill-mannered, ill-tempered, stubborn and poor villager. When Edgar asked Catherine to marry him, she in fact had the answer in her mind. If she married Edgar, she would become the greatest woman in the neighborhood. If she married Heathcliff, her identity would be degraded and she would always live a poor life. When she considered whether she married Edgar or not, there were some dialogues between Catherine and her servant Nelly: Why do you love him, Miss Cathy?Nonsense, I do—that’s sufficient.By no means; you must say why?Well, he is handsome and pleasant to be with.“Bad!” was my commentary.And because he is young and cheerful.Bad, still.And because he loves me.Indifferent, coming there.And he will be rich, and I shall like to be the greatestwoman of the neighborhood, and I shall be proud of havinga husband.19It is shown that she chose Edgar due to her hypocrisy and arrogance.Finally Catherine betrays Heathcliff, which makes him very angry. His soul was distorted by his wrath. At length, Heathcliff determines to take revenge on Catherine and Linton, which causes a great tragedy.Chapter III. Their Views of LoveA.Heathcliff，His Naturally Love for CatherineIn this first phase, Heathcliff is innocent and full of love, though he is insulted by the upper class and systems. In his heart, everything is sweet under the accompany of Catherine. Meanwhile, his situation living with Catherine is satisfactory and at the very outset, the noble class does not surface. In this way, he leads a quite exciting, peaceful and harmonious life in his childhood. As they grow up, tint of love is sparkling between them. He thinks that Catherine is h is whole. Heathcliff’s love is pure in intention and never changes. Like Catherine, he loves to run around on the moor. His love just has the human nature’s emotion without the shackles of status and traditional ideas. Heathcliff never says “love”, but his love is stronger than hurricane, compared with cloudburst. He is filled with uncontrollable passion.The love from Heathcliff is deeper and crazier. He thinks that Edgar’s love for Catherine with his whole body is not more than his love just one day. When Heathcliff heard the news that Catherine had been dead, he mostly became mad, and the whole world for him was just like a hell. He mourns and cries, and with his head crashes the tree until there is so much blood. At that time his image is like a wild animal that will be over and thorn himself with dagger. At the nightCatherine’s corpse was put on the underground, Heathcliff, in order to see the lover’s face again, dug and opened the tomb, and he shook the coffin with strong power and on impulse, the scene can not be expressed in words. His love comes from a special intuition by suffering of missing Catherine for a long time. For him, Catherine is more important than himself. Catherine’s ghost lingered around him for about 20 years. He desired to meet Catherine at paradise for a long time, he plague himself, not to eat, not to drink, at last he died with laugh.A lthough there are no definite words to represent Heathcliff’s love, it is nonetheless known and deeply rooted in their hearts, never losing their passion. As the author of The Scarlet Letter Hawthorne said: “Hate and love, in the final analysis are the same thing.”20 Because of the strength of his love for Catherine, Heathcliff undertakes his wicked and vengeful revenge against those who deems responsible for his misery.It is the very love that makes him a demon, villain, and hoodlum. It is the very love that twists and turns his thought. All of this brings him a dreadful view of the world, even he never feel regrettable for what he has done.B.Catherine,Her Selfish love for HeathcliffMr. Fang Ping pointed out that there are two different modes of love in Wuthering Heights: “the love beyond human and the human love.”21Catherine’s love for Heathcliff is a soul matched sort of love under nature feeling; it is the love beyond human.Catherine is crazy about Heathcliff. Their love is rooted in their childhood and is marked by the refusal to change and embrace those differences. Moreover, their love is based on their shared perception that they are identical, even their souls are shared by one. Catherine declares, “I love him: and that, not because he’s handsome, Nelly, but because he’s more myself than I am. Whatever our souls are made of, his and mine are the same.”22Heathcliff is nothing but a mirror image of Catherine. Her love for Heathcliff is no longer a simple pursuit of happiness but the pursuit of herself. So love has not necessarily contact with the happy life.When she first comes back from Thrushcross Grange, Catherine immediately realizes the differences between her and Heathcliff. She found that she has another aspect. Her heart becomes more complexed and ambivalent. Catherine looks for Heathcliff, to embrace and kiss him, at the same time she is afraid about Heathcliff’s dirty clothe against her clean dress. She also treats her marriage like this. If she marries Heathcliff she will be a beggar. Even if she is well awarethat without Heathcliff she can’t live, the cruel reality helps her realize that marrying Linton will makes her become the greatest woman in the area. The temptation of material benefit made her betray her love.But her betrayal is not thorough. Although she dares to break free from the low class culture, she can not break free from herself. As Cather ine says “It would degrad e me to marry Heathcliff now……but because he is more myself than I am.”23She is still crazy about Heathcliff even without property and status. But the existence of another self lets Catherine to give up Heathcliff. People almost believe that she loves Heathcliff when she claimed: “My great thought in living is himself. If all else perished, and he remained, I should still continue to be; and if all else remained, and he was annihilated, the universe would turn to a mighty stranger: I should not seem a part of it.”24In fact, to some extent, she loves herself more than Heathcliff; she just takes him as her own. It is such a selfish love of her makes their love become a tragedy.ConclusionWuthering Heights is a classical novel. Someone has been used “Sphinx in our modern literature”25to describe it, because it is complex, mysterious and difficult to understand.It is not a pretty love story; rather, it is a swirling tale of largely unlikable people caught up in obsessive love that turns to dark madness. It is cruel, violent, dark and brooding, and many people find it extremely unpleasant. However, it possesses grandeur of language and design, a sense of tremendous pity and great loss that sets it apart from virtually every other novel written. After reading it, everyone was certainly shocked by the love between Heathcliff and Catherine, moved by their deep feelings and bemoaned for their tragedy. E. M. Forster also said: “Although it is a great novel, after you read you can not remember anything but only the first generation of Heathcliff and Catherine.”26However, the tragical ending is a question and makes people to consider more. The enriched and full human life is impossible to be realized in the capitalist society. Although Heathcliff and Catherine fight against the capitalist system in their deep minds, they both submit to the society. Heathcliff does not think that revolt can make him more comfortable when he belongs to the lower class.But when he succeeded, he oppresses other people lower than him in turn. Likewise, Catherine betrayed herself and her true love for social prejudice. They have no way to escape from the time of their lives. They are worthy of sympathy.To sum up, their love tragedy is the victim in the Victorian Age. They fight against their current life, but they are too weak to resist the social system. They are doomed to be the victims of the capitalist society and their love is also doomed to be a tragedy. That is not only a love tragedy but also a social tragedy.。

呼啸山庄的英文作文

呼啸山庄的英文作文Title: "Revelations of Wuthering Heights: A Haunting Tale"1. In the realm of literary classics, "Wuthering Heights" stands tall, a tempestuous entity, its name etched in the annals of English literature. It's not a story, but a symphony of passion, revenge, and the unyielding forces of nature.2. Born in the moody landscape of Haworth, this novel is a character in itself, its narrative a tumultuous dance between the stormy Heath and the brooding Mr. Heathcliff. Its author, Emily Bronte, whispers secrets through her pen, painting a canvas of love and hatred.3. The protagonist, Catherine Earnshaw, is a tempestuous spirit, her fiery nature mirroring the wild winds of the moors. Her love, unrequited and destructive, leaves a scar that never heals, echoing in the hauntingechoes of the mansion.4. The enigmatic Mr. Heathcliff, a dark mirror of Catherine, embodies the stormy heart. His obsession, a relentless tempest, rages through the pages, revealing the destructive power of unfulfilled desire.5. "Wuthering Heights" is not just a tale of love, buta tale of time, a tale of the relentless passage thaterodes even the strongest bonds. It's a testament to the unyielding force of human nature, a tempest that refuses to subside.6. The novel's haunting beauty lies in its unpredictability, like a tempestuous night, it surprisesand shocks, leaving readers in a state of constant suspense. It's a story that lingers, a tempest that continues to rage long after the final page is turned.7. In the end, "Wuthering Heights" is a symphony of the human soul, a tempest that speaks of the power of love, loss, and the relentless cycle of life. It's a tale that,like the winds, will forever be remembered, a testament to the unrelenting force of the British literary tradition.。

呼啸山庄英语专业毕业论文开题报告中英对照

呼啸山庄英语专业毕业论文开题报告中英对照赣南医学院英语专业毕业论文开题报告学生姓名班级指导教师英文题目Wuthering heights of Heath cliff characcter of the dualism of theanalysis中文题目呼啸山庄中希斯克利夫性格的双重性的分析一．选题的依据及意义(Significance of the Research)Wuthering heights is the only work of England Emily at the 19th century .The spot of the story is mainly about the love story between Heath cliff and Catharine the love and regret and revenge is not only the soul of the novel, but also is the key of the work. The critics about the novel have different ideas about it, especially they have many discussion about the host of story Wuthering heights. Critics have analyzed the character of him from the different aspects . A completely and in-depth analysis about the Wuthering heights is good for us to study the novel well.The best part of the novel is the love story between Heath cliff and Cathrine, their love has beyond the general meaning of love which also can be said as a love outthought the word. But the forming ad the development of this kind of love has be an important reason of the c haraccter of Heath cliff .This discourse will analyze the reason of the forming the character of Heath cliff from the ill-treatment by him and others and his weakness and brave. So it can improve the readers to understand the novel of Emil well.二．国内外研究现状(Background to the Problem)There are many professes and scholars have analyzed .thecharacter of Heath cliff many scholars have analyzed the reason of the forming of the character of Heath cliff from different sides, some of them think his character is informal and ill-treat himself, and some think that is because of the social background, but also some scholars think he is the hero of the love who dare to love and hate.Many scholars have studied the reason of the character forming, such as the translation of the Wuthering heights of England Emily Bronte by Yan Hong Mei and Zhang Yun. They said that because that kind of the treatment, no matter hoe better man he is he would de a demon. Liu Feng Hui also said that the character forming of him is mainly about the environment around him. There is no doubt that the money is the standard of the society at that time .The shame which is taken by the poverty like a knife which had change the character. In addition, Chen Yi ping think that the god has a revenge character. In the book weather Heath cliff is a romantic hero or goal, she said that human can not do better than itself, Heath cliff can not beyond the nature of human ,he also have been hurt by himself. So analysis from many sides to analyze the character of Heath cliff have a great meaning.三．本课题研究内容(Specifications of the Problem/Questions to Be Answered)This paper will analyze the reason of the forming of the character from the dualism and the reason why he will ill-treat himself, why other people would ill-treat him, and the reason of his weakness andbrave.At first, I will analyze the normal character of Heath cliff as a boy.[The ill-treatment at his childhood]Secondly ,I will analyze the cool and informal character which is expressed in his revenge after he grew up. [The ill-treatment by himself]Thirdly I will analyze his character after his revenge ,and the informal character of human nature.At last ,according to the analysis of that we can see the return of human nature.四．本课题研究方案(Research Design)Consultation :On the base of leading a lot of literatures ,this paper analyze the reason of the forming of the character from the different sides.Analysis :Based on his character of Heath cliff under the Emily ,we can analyze the reason of the forming of the character from the dualism.Compare :The ill-treatment by himself and others and his weakness and brave.五．研究目标、主要特色及工作进度(Expected Results and Processing of the Research)This paper will analyze the ill-treatment by himself and others ,his weakness and brave ,from his normal character to his unmoral character analyze the reason of his dualism character. His weakness and brave also had doomed his character. Cathrine is an important role ,and their love is the most important reason for the change of his character .No matter how his character change ,he can not against the human nature ,from his ending we can see the return of the human nature.六、参考文献(References)【1】张同乐、毕铭·《呼啸山庄》一部具有现代主义意味的小说[J]·外国文学研究【2】艾米莉·勃朗特．呼啸山庄[M]．闫红梅，张润，译．北京：中国致公出版社，2005【3】刘风辉．复杂的双面人[J]．佳木斯大学社会科学学报，2007(1)：97—98【4】邓美华．人性的扭曲与复苏U]．湖南省社会主义学院学报，2006，(5)【5】刘长．希刺克厉夫：呼啸山庄的精神畸交者[J]．惠州大学学报，1994，(3)【6】孙冬梅．希克厉何以成为复仇的恶魔[J]．殷都学刊，2004【7】艾米莉·勃朗特．呼啸山庄[M]．徐晓雯译．北京：外语教学与研究出版社，1996．231，23【8】杨岂深．英国文学选读[M]．上海：上海译文出版社赣南医学院英语专业毕业论文开题报告学生姓名班级指导教师英文题目Wuthering heights of Heath cliff character of the dualism of theanalysis中文题目呼啸山庄中希斯克利夫性格的双重性的分析一．选题的依据及意义《呼啸山庄》是十九世纪英国女作家艾米莉·勃朗特生平创作的唯一一部小说。

呼啸山庄英语专业毕业论文开题报告中英对照

呼啸山庄英语专业毕业论文开题报告中英对照简介本文是为呼啸山庄大学英语专业的本科毕业生撰写的开题报告，旨在描述该毕业论文的主题、目标和研究方法。

IntroductionThis report is aimed at presenting the research topic, objectives, and methodology for the undergraduate thesis of English major graduates at Wuthering Heights University.研究背景在当代全球化背景下，英语在日常交流和学术交流中扮演着越来越重要的角色。

这使得如何有效提高英语学习者的英语能力成为我们必须深入研究的问题。

同时，小说作为一种文学形式，也受到广泛的关注。

《呼啸山庄》是一部著名的英国文学作品，具有独特的艺术价值和文化意义。

因此，如何结合小说阅读与英语教学，探索有效的教学模式也成为学界关注的热点问题。

BackgroundIn the context of contemporary globalization, English plays an increasingly important role in both daily communication and academic exchanges. Therefore,how to effectively improve the English proficiency of English learners has become a problem that we must study in depth. At the same time, novels, as a literary form, have also received widespread attention. Wuthering Heights is a famous British literary work with unique artistic value and cultural significance. Therefore, how to combine novel reading with English teaching to explore an effective teaching model has become a hot issue in the academic community.研究目的本毕业论文的目的是以《呼啸山庄》为例，探讨小说阅读在英语教学中的应用，分析如何提高学生的阅读能力和英语水平。

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湖北省高等教育自学考试英语专业毕业论文题目：简析《呼啸山庄》中爱情悲剧的必然性准考证号：学生姓名：***指导老师：***武汉大学外语学院制2009年10 月Brief Analysis Love Tragedies’ Inevitability on Wuthering HeightsWang QingcuiTutor: Liu JunpingOctober 2009论文摘要《呼啸山庄》——才华洋溢的女作家艾米莉·勃朗特唯一的小说，在英国十九世纪文坛的灿烂星群中放出独特的、闪着异彩的光辉。

它被誉为“19世纪最奇特的小说”、“一出灵魂的戏剧”、“一个女作家所能写出的最好的散文诗”。

真正意义上接触《呼啸山庄》是在英美文学课上，世人都为希斯克利夫与凯瑟琳那种撕心裂肺的爱而震撼。

毛姆认为小说中最感人的就是希斯克利夫和凯瑟琳的爱情，他说“我从未读过像《呼啸山庄》这样把爱情的痛苦、强烈、残酷描写得如此逼真的小说”。

他们的爱在震撼人的同时有给后人留下了更多的思考。

爱情从其在人类精神中形成至今，始终带上了浓郁的悲剧色彩。

它的悲剧总是滋生于有它所特有的社会根源与时代的局限性，主人公的个性特点、矛盾的心理是推动其发展的动力。

他们的悲剧是一种必然性。

本文主要揭示其社会根源与时代的局限性对《呼啸山庄》中的爱情的重大影响，同时考察了男女主人公在行动上、性格上和对待爱情和婚姻的态度及差异。

最终指出他们的爱就像荒原上的北风一样，狂野、暴虐、无所阻挡，完全突破了既有的爱情模式，是超越现实的、非人类的爱情，是注定悲剧的。

他们的爱情悲剧是社会的悲剧，是时代的悲剧，也是他们自我所造的悲剧。

关键词：呼啸山庄；艾米莉·勃朗特；爱情悲剧AbstractWuthering Heights --- the talented English writer's only novel. It releases unique, shining and splendid glory in the brilliant literary constellation of the nineteenth century. It is known as "19th century's most peculiar novel", "a soul of drama" and "a writer could write the best prose poem".On real significance, it’s in the Anglo-American literature class that I am familiar with Wuthering Heights. All the people are shocking by this kind piercing love of Heathcliff and Catherine. Somerset Maugham thinks that the most touching thing in Wuthering Heights is the love of Heathcliff and Catherine. And he said he has never read such a realistic novel as Wuthering Heights that puts the pain, strong and cruel description into love.Their love shocks people, at the same time; it also leaves many thoughts to posterity. Love has always been to bring rich colors to the tragedy from its formation of the human spirit. Its tragedy is always there to breed in the characteristic social roots and its limitations of the times, and the hero's personality and ambivalence are to promote its development. Their tragedy is inevitability.In this paper, it will reveal that the social roots and limitations make quite an impact on Wuthering Heights and it will study the heroes' differences in action and attitude towards love and marriage. Finally, it will point out that their love is like the north wind on the moors, wild and violent. And the love which is beyond the realistic breaks through the original model .It is doomed to tragedy. The tragedy is the social tragedy, the times' tragedy, but also their self-made tragedy. It is inevitability.Key Words: Wuthering Heights; Emily Bronte; Love Tragedy.Brief Analysis Love Tragedy’ Inevitability onWuthering HeightsⅠ.IntroductionPublished in l847, Emily Bronte’s masterpiece Wuthering Heights countered with countless unfavorable voices and utterances. For several generations, the Wuthering Heights has been exerting great fascinations over its readers. Although Wuthering Heights is her only novel but it certainly proves her genius in rendering captivating description and super passion.It tells a story about love and revenge. In the 19th century, one strange boy named Heathcliff is brought to Wuthering Heights from Liverpool by Mr. Earnshaw. He lives with Earnshaw’s son Hindley and daughter Catherine. Hindley hates Heathcliff, while Catherine likes him. After Earnshaw died, Hindley becomes the leader of the family and he regards Heathcliff as servant, so Heathcliff is insulted and ill-treated. However, Catherine and Heathcliff become good friends and love each other gradually. Mr. Edgar the next door often visits Wuthering Heights to pursue Catherine and she also shows love to him, too. When she agrees to marry Edgar, Heathcliff goes away with anger. As time goes on, Heathcliff brings love, jealousy, hatred, and revenge into the Earnshaws and the Lintons. It does not bring him real comfort to ruin other people’s happiness. Heathcliff is immersed in mental pain and eventually he destroys himself and dies of despondent.In Wuthering Heights, Heathcliff and Catherine revolt Hindley’s punishment and run in the wilderness. They are lonely children. On this point, they are identical in spirit and soul. When Catherine betrays Heathcliff and marries to Edgar, they lost echo of souls and thus both of them suffer a great pain. Finally, they had no choice but to death to negate the physical separation, in order to achieve the soul. Their love is associated with the abnormal and the absurd.Ⅱ. Creative background2.1 Social originThe love tragedy reflects the social background. The society is the source of the love tragedy. As we all know, Emily Bronte lived in Victorian Times for three decades. Those three decades are the era of unrest society in the United Kingdom. That time, the Industrial Revolution affected all the England, even the whole world: capitalism was developing and increasing exposure to its inherent defects. Followed by a conflict between workers and capitalists, the government had issued a number of laws to protect the interests of the rich, so the gap between rich and poor was growing. The unemployed workers were in poverty and a large number of child labor had beenbrutally tortured to death. This was followed by the outbreak of the famous "Charter of movement", and the British Government took high-pressure on democratic struggle and the labor movement. That time, every Englishman's mind was like going through a hurricane, even in north remote areas, the landowners could no longer be like before that had nothing to suffer. Our writer, Emily Bronte, was born in this era of struggle.2.2 The author's sources from herself2.2.1 The author's living environmentEmily lived in a remote desolate Yorkshire. In the west of the house there was an endless moor, covered with heather. There was also a stale churchyard. She was born in a poor family priest. When she was young, her mother died, and her life was distress. All of the education was mainly from his father. In order to maintain their livelihood, her old sister Charlotte Bronte, her young sister Anne Bronte and she had to be a teacher, which suffered from humiliation, feeling of discrimination and loneliness. This is her literary source of pessimism.2.2.2 The author's way of lifeThe barren, remote, gloomy and eccentric living environment and the natural silence made Emily isolated. Emily seldom left the gloomy Yorkshire moors that beyond one's imagination. She and her sisters often go to the west of the wilderness to take a walk. But, in addition to the church and to go walking, she almost goes without leaving home. It's an enclosed environment, making her work show rare originality and send out a fresh and natural authenticity of the artistic charm. When she could not restrain a strong emotional, writing became her only expression of emotion. It was a long time to get the mind for herself since she begun to seek compensation from creativity and imagination. It’s the source of Wuthering Heights.2.2.3 The author's personalityEmily Bronte was growing up with father's tough and indifference. She is premature loss of the mother's affection and protection and should fight back his father's harsh and cold. Emily has the sense of inferiority, timid and introverted during childhood. She is inept and unwilling to be gregarious. She longs for love, but hasn't love; she desires to be understood, but not to be understood. The way of life above-mentioned makes her develop the appearance of calm and the inner of firmness. The closed character makes her become depressed, stubborn, headstrong, sullen, and intolerance. She portrays the character of Heathcliff just like herself. She has invested the whole herself to the Heathcliff devoting her strong passion, anger and non-violent struggle. We can see that Heathcliff is Emily's self-soul.2.3 SummaryEmily, who owned a very introverted character, lived in an extremely small space and indulged in fantasies temperament that she gradually indulged in the literary imagination of its own constructed world. She suffered from poverty of physical world and helplessness of spiritual world. Loneliness made her the physical and emotional world was full of a sense of extreme disappointment and shattered.In Wuthering Heights, there is no “I”; there is no family schoolmarm and there isno “landlord”. There is “love”; however, it isn’t the love between man and woman. Emily is urged by some common views and she put them together in one book from the damaged world.Therefore, Emily desired to express her feeling through the love tragedy of rich and intense fantasy features, and expressed her strong dissatisfaction with social reality. These just created the conditions for the birth of Wuthering Heights.Ⅲ.Tragedy’s Reason3.1 Direct ReasonThe class difference is the direct cause of the class society, which lead to their love tragedy. Living in that society where was full of the view of class differences, Catherine and Heath cliff’s tragic fate was inevitable. They were destined to become the victims of class society.Catherine and Heathcliff had to bear the oppressed from the Mansions. Catherine was the daughter of Wuthering Heights, and Heathcliff was a gypsy boy, who was abandoned from his early age. They are in the different status. The class difference is the first Mansions. Catherine failed to break through it. The next Mansion is Hindley. Hindley could do whatever he wanted to do, because Catherine and Heathcliff who were the subordinate status and were in the low level. They had no property and no right to choose, therefore, in the fight against the tyranny of Hindley, they were closed to the other. Catherine said, "I am Heathcliff". However, in the society which full of prejudice and strong sense of class differences, this kind of love was fragile and Catherine realized their poor social status and eventually married to Edgar.For Catherine, the only way out was to comply with social values and married to a man who had almost the same status with her. She wanted to be a good wife and a good mother. She and Heath cliff’s love was simply not socially acceptable. For Heathcliff, in order to raise the status of his own, he continued to climb up and carried out crazy revenge to the Earnshaws and the Lintons, at the same time, he betrayed his own needs and aspirations, destroying his relationship with Catherine. Therefore, we can say that their love is split up by the prevailing prejudices of the bourgeois class. 3.2 Indirect Reason3.2.1 Catherine’s characterIt’s no wonder that each hero has its own character flaws and Catherine is not an exception. She is mixed with many characters. "Sometimes she is friendly; sometimes she is violent; sometimes she is gentle; sometimes she is agitated; sometimes she is enthusiastic and sometimes she is wayward ". Her fatal weakness is that she can not resist the elegant Thrushcross Grange lives and her own vanity. In order to satisfy her vanity and access to social rights and economic status, she married to the small owner of Thrushcross Grange.It was the beginning of this love tragedy.3.2.1.1 LonelinessCatherine, as Old Earns haw’s daughter, has never been his father's favor, and even a servant Joseph can punish her going hungry and hitting her. In Wuthering Heights where is the absence of family warmth and fatherly situation, she grows up in the solitude of the spiritual world. Low family status makes Catherine inner loneliness. Regardless of all the punishment and intimidation, she can get rid of class bias and stand by Heathcliff stubbornly. Heathcliff in Wuthering Heights was her only confidant. It's said that a lonely soul often confirm their existence by seeking for another lonely soul. Heathcliff and Catherine spew out the amazing love with a very strong possessive. It is just this love with an extremely possessive caused the piercing tragedy.3.2.1.2 Self-RighteousCatherine imagines helping Heathcliff improve his status by marrying to Edgar, so that her brother can not interfere. This is just her personal thoughts. Love is about both sides, this decision should be discussed with the other half. This point is one of the necessary conditions to guarantee that the love is happy. She is too self-centered .She believes that her decision is made for Heathcliff, and for her love to him. She loves Heathcliff, but also Edgar. Although the latter is only a surface layer of love and admiration, she does not carefully distinguish between the two men. Her self-determination ultimately turns into a great mistake. It ruins herself with her own hands, and destroys her youth, love, even life. Meanwhile, she ruins Heathcliff who loves her so deep and Edgar is also a sacrifice. She nearly hurts the next generation too.3.2.1.3 SelfishCatherine seems to always just a wayward child whose love is non-rational and unconscious. When Edgar proposed to her, she did not distinguish herself on the Heath cliff’s love and admiration for Edgar, and she also immersed in the little girl's excitement and wonderful feeling for his proposal. When Mrs. Dean asked about her "Why", the answer is Edgar's "four advantages": youth, beauty, a large of property, and loving her. She has never thought that Heathcliff also has these advantages, maybe better. He is just without wealth, which is untenable for her. Catherine has been fooled by the illusion and she judged Heathcliff unreasonably until she found Heathcliff was disappeared. She said: “and he will be rich, and I shall like to be the greatest woman of the neighbourhood, and I shall be proud of having such a husband”. In order to be the greatest woman of the neighbourhood,she chosed to marry Edgar and abandoned Heathcliff. How selfish she is!Self-willed is the internal motive to abandon Heathcliff and marry Edgar. This is one hidden condition of the love tragedy.3.2.1.4 VanityHindley couples satisfied Catherine’s vanity with fine clothes and courteous flattery. “Why, Cathy, you are quite a beauty! I should scarcely have known you: you look like a lady now. Isabella Linton is not to be compared with her, is she, Frances”,so she felt embarrassed to be impolite. After five weeks' residence among Lintons,Catherine turned to be a lady with invariable courtesy and had the sense to beashamed of being rude. “In the place where she heard Heathcliff termed ‘a vulgar young ruffian’, and ‘worse than a brute’, she took care not to act like him”.They instilled deep-rooted view of class into Catherine and made her will destroy gradually, until Catherine said: "It would degrade me to marry Heathcliff now ".And she is unwilling to be a beggar after marrying Heathcliff. Catherine is so superficial that she thinks she will be the greatest lady if she can marry to Edgar. She looks forward to the elegant Thrushcross Grange life and the upper life, so she tried to fulfilled her vanity by marrying to a person she doesn’t love really.Although she recognized by a rude awakening “My great miseries in this world have been Heathcliff's miseries, and I watched and felt each from the beginning: my great thought in living is himself. If all else perished, and he remained, I should still continue to be; and if all else remained, and he were annihilated, the universe would turn to a mighty stranger: I should not seem a part of it”,and she realized the pain “ in whichever place the soul lives. In my soul and in my heart, I'm convinced I'm wrong”,however, she can’t persuade herself. Things can no longer go back.The tragedy can never be retrieved.3.2.2 Heathcliff’s characterHeathcliff, who had been deprived of human warmth, cultivated a strong love and hate in the real life. He was humiliated in every possible way which made he taste the cruelty of life, but also he knew how to swallow the insult in the Church and he couldn't change his humiliating fate.He was a man who loved a woman reaching to its limits,even did crazy actions. He used“love” to kill people and also killed himself. Whether Catherine lived or died, he lived in pains. Even if Catherine was dying, he also said bad words to hurt her. But Heathcliff suffered two pieces of pain, his own and Catherine’s.Growing up with the wilderness, Heathcliff broke out with super violent and flowed turbulent emotions. Surviving from the cracks where filled with all sorts of Hindley’s curse and torture, Heathcliff was proud to maintain his basic dignity painfully.Although Heathcliff never explored a strong interest in his personal life and the sense of birth, they were the dark shadow. They were no doubt the factor that led Heathcliff to be cold and aloof character. In particular, when he was faced with the rival Edgar who was elegant and came from the Thrushcross Grange, Heath cliff’s minor humble appearances was revealed. “He struggled long to keep up an equality with Catherine in her studies, and yielded with poignant though silent regret: but he yielded completely; and there was no prevailing on him to take a step in the way of moving upward, when he found he must, necessarily, sink beneath his former level. ”Heathcliff and Catherine are loyal partners. They produce the sincere love in the common resistance and they have the same soul, or rather, they share the same soul. Once one separates from the other, it'll cause irreparable harm. So when Heathcliff knew that Catherine betrayed their love and promised to marry Linton, he became “the most unfortunate creature”and “lost a friend and lost the love as well as all”. So he left Wuthering Heights angrily. Catherine's change makes Heathcliff last hope isgone, then the strong love turns into the strong hate and a strong distortion of his personality - -hard, unyielding and cruel.Ⅳ. Love and Marriage4.1 Definition of Love and MarriageLove is based on certain material and the common life ideal condition between men and women. Marriage is the relationship of husband and wife. It is traditionally established between two sexes according to certain laws, ethics and customs regulations. From Performance forms, marriage is combined the physiology and psychology of both sexes.Catherine and Heathcliff spend their childhood together. That terrible, strange and special world links them closely. Their rebellious spirits produce their love. They love each other in the heart with the most sincere and eager to become lifelong partner. It's stable and strong feelings. Catherine gives all her love to Heathcliff who has no property and no position. Heathcliff said: “he couldn't love as much in eighty years as I could in a day”. Their souls are united and they can not endure being separated from the other.On the criteria of selecting marriage, Catherine had ignored the real feeling of her heart. She could not get rid of temptation of Thrushcross Grange’s life and she was unable to shake off the fetters of traditional values. Catherine filled too much faith in their love for Linton. She said “I believe I might kill him, and he wouldn't wish to retaliate”,but she fell into her trap. When Heathcliff went back again, Linton recommended him to come and sit in the kitchen rather than the living room. This had explained everything. Catherine realized that she should not have been in the Lintons. They had the different thoughts. Even she came to Thrushcross Grange, she didn’t make her identity and status change. At first, she was too naive to think that one table for Linton and Isabella; the other for Heathcliff and herself. She said “the other for Heathcliff and myself, being of the lower o rders”. But soon she found that it was not feasible, Heathcliff and Linton were irreconcilable. Heathcliff would never be able to betray his “class”, although he had been a gentleman; and Linton would never accept Heathcliff, and it’s the same case when they were young. However, Catherine had changed, and only she had changed. Catherine goes against her own class, because she's selfish and vanity.4.2 Love's basic featuresLove has its own basic features. If it goes against its features, love is only an empty appearance even it exists. Catherine and Heathcliff go against the unspoken rules, so tragedy is inevitable.Love's basic features:1. Specificity. It means that the third one is to be rejected. Catherine is closed to Edgar, hoping to improve Heath cliff’s status. Catherine failed to transcend secular world and married Edgar. “I f I marry Linton, I can aid Heathcliff to rise, and place him outof my brother's power”, So absurd! It goes against the unity of her soul and love, so her love is doomed to tragedy.2. Equality. Love needs the equal. The time limitation makes the love perfect under the condition of equal status and class. Catherine can take a rational choice, but she can't choose the marriage from the angle of love. She can only choose one who has the same identity and status as her. The man is Edgar. For Heathcliff, the low class, it’s too unequal. Author arranged Heathcliff comes back home after he owns much money, however, he lost love, leaving the sad zero, after his revenge, it is still a sad zero. He got a perfect zero.3. Strong feelings. At this point, it's no doubt that their feelings are very strong, just like Catherine said “because he's more myself than I am. Whatever our souls are made of, his and mine are the same; and Linton's is as different as a moonbeam from lightning, or frost from fire”, but they didn't burst through class and status. Love becomes their poison.4. Persistence. The content contains love and marriage. We can say their love last and meet in the heaven. But they had the spiritual tortured when they lived in the world, therefore, tragedy is inevitable.4.3 Analysis from love and marriage angleThey had no good material and the equal class identity. Although they had the unified character, their ideal is too far from the other. Catherine got married to Edgar and her motivation is to increase Heathcliff's status. However, Catherine's choice betrayed Heathcliff. Therefore, their love went against. The love is doomed to a tragedy. Even though Catherine married Heathcliff, it was impossible to make their love come true.Love is selfish and short. However, Marriage is different. It needs the two to have long dependency to confront the difficulties. Marriage must have some real life. Marriage is giving and bearing responsibility. Due to the inner selfish and vanity, Catherine didn't undertake responsibility and she abandoned Heathcliff, so they are tragedy. Catherine and Heathcliff's love is just based on the emotions, in a word; the love is doomed to tragedy.Ⅴ. ConclusionWuthering Heights contained Emily’ whole thoughts and feelings, and it included her whole creativity and genius. She exerted unique idea and moving plot on Wuthering Heights to show a love story that contains abundant passion, sublime love and complicated figure character. It described the heroes lived for love and died for love successfully.In the story, we can understand their anguish, which contains Catherine’s torment, Heathcliff’s depressed pain and their struggling soul in their pain. Although Catherine dared to break through the class inequality to love Heathcliff, she did n’t complete it perfectly. When Edgar proposed to her, it was satisfied with her vanity.While her heart was filled with contradictory: she realized that she loved Heathcliff, however, she also like Edgar's property, social status and cultural superiority. Eventually she couldn't restraint her own vanity and married to Edgar. This is the tragedy of Catherine. Catherine's betrayal and Heathcliff's distortion after his repeated revenge are tragedy. The cruel social reality makes them lost their mind. Because of this, the love has its tragedy---from the society, from the distortion of character.Works CitedEmily, Bronte. Wuthering Heights. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 2006Maugham, Somerset. William Somer Eset Maugham Maugham’s Essays. Trans. You Wenrong. Shanghai: The Joint Publishing Company, 2000.Zhang Boxiang. Selected Readings in English and American Literature. Beijing: Foreign Language Teaching and Research Press, 1998.Zhang Dingquan. A New Concise History of English Literature. Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Teaching Press: 2002.汪义群等. 《英美文学研究论丛》第二辑. 上海: 上海外语教育出版社, 2001.杨静远.《勃朗特姐妹研究》北京: 中国社会科学出版社, 1983.。

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