最新考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学(24)
医学考研英语试题及答案
医学考研英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共40分，每题5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项。
1. What is the main idea of the passage?A. The importance of sleep for health.B. The effects of sleep deprivation.C. The benefits of a regular sleep schedule.D. The relationship between sleep and memory.2. According to the author, what is the best way to improve sleep quality?A. Taking a nap during the day.B. Exercising regularly.C. Avoiding caffeine before bedtime.D. Using a white noise machine.3. What does the study mentioned in the passage suggest about the impact of sleep on memory?A. Sleep is essential for consolidating new memories.B. Lack of sleep can lead to memory loss.C. Sleep helps to improve creativity.D. Sleep has no effect on memory.4. What is the author's opinion on the use of sleeping pills?A. They are effective for short-term use.B. They should be used only as a last resort.C. They can cause addiction.D. They are not recommended at all.5. Which of the following is NOT a tip for improving sleep hygiene?A. Limiting screen time before bed.B. Drinking alcohol to help fall asleep.C. Creating a relaxing bedtime routine.D. Keeping a consistent sleep schedule.二、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）阅读下面的短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C、D）中，选出最佳选项填入空白处。
最新考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学(3)
考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学（3）The widely held assumption that people would volunteer for AIDS-tests in droves once treatment became available was wrong. 61）And the reason for that appears to be that the government has not managed to reduce the disgrace associated with AIDS，and thus with seeking out a test for it if you suspect you might be infected.To combat this，the whole basis of AIDS testing in Botswana has just been changed. The idea is to“downgrade” the process into something low-key，routine and stigma-free. 62）Until now，a potential test subject had to opt in，by asking for a test；having asked，he was given 40 minutes of counseling to make sure he really knew what he was doing before any test was carried out. The new policy is to test people routinely when they visit the doctor. That way，having a test cannot be seen as an indication that an individual believes he may be infected. The test is not compulsory，but objectors must actively opt out. Silence is assumed to be consent，and no counseling is offered—just as would be the case for any other infectious disease.This policy shift is probably just the first of many that will take place in Botswana，South Africa and other African countries that are planning the mass provision of anti-AIDS drugs in public hospitals. Dwain Ndwapi，a doctor at Botswana‘s largest AIDS clinic，thinks that there are circumstances in which testing should be compulsory. 63）Inparticular，he believes that the currently high rate of transmission from mothers to new-born children could be reduced to zero if expectant mothers were always tested—and if those who proved positive were treated with an appropriate drugs before they gave birth.Another controversial change in the air is to reduce the frequency of two costly tests of patients‘blood. Viral-load tests and CD4-cell counts both measure how acute an individual’s infection has become. That helps a patient‘s doctor to decide when to prescribe anti-retroviral. 64）But laboratory capacity in Africa is inadequate for regular testing of the millions of people that need such drugs—at least if the tests are carried out as frequently as they would be in a rich country. Less frequent testing of each individual would allow more individuals to be given at least some tests.But that must be balanced against the need to treat more people faster. Doctors in Botswana are staggered at how desperately sick many patients are when they first arrive. They had expected people to walk into clinics for AIDS tests. Instead，many come in on stretchers on the verge of death. 65）Treating the very ill takes much more time and money than giving anti-AIDS pills to relatively healthy people，and it means that these people may have been unconsciously infecting others for longer. If routine tests persuade more patients to get help before they slump on a stretcher，all the better.1. Why few people would volunteer for AIDS-test if treatment is readily prepared？[A] Because people do not know whether they need the treatment.[B] Because people could not afford to pay the expensive drugs.[C] Because people are afraid to find out that they are infected.[D] Because people cannot bear the shame the tests bring.2. According to the text，how to “downgrade” the test process？[A] By forcing those potential AIDS patient to take the test.[B] by going down to the patients‘homes to take the test.[C] by testing patients as a regular thing in their hospital visits.[D] by asking them whether they would like to have a test.3. it can be inferred from the text that[A] the new policy will be able to include every patient who visits the doctor.[B] more policy like the new one will be carried out in a lot of African countries.[C] the old policy is better than the new one in that it provides patients with counseling.[D] the silence of the patient indicates his consent to any treatment that is available.4. the purpose of reducing the frequency of two expensive blood tests is to[A] help the patients save some money for treatments.[B] enable more people to take tests of some kind.[C] make sure that patients can receive in-time treatment.[D] prevent patients from possible further infection.5. persuading patients to get treatment early will have the following advatages except[A] saving anti-AIDS pills to relatively healthy people.[B] cutting down the costs in the treatment.[C] avoiding transmitting the virus to more people.[D] shortening doctors‘treatment time.词汇注释in droves 成群结队stigma 耻辱downgrade 降级low-key 低调的expectant mother 孕妇anti-retroviral 抗病毒staggered 吃惊的inadvertently 无意中地slump 躺难句讲解1. And the reason for that appears to be that the government has notmanaged to reduce the disgrace associated with AIDS，and thus with seeking out a test for it if you suspect you might be infected.[简析] 本句话的主干是“the reason for that appears to be that…”。
最新考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学(12)
考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学（12）A widely heralded but still experimental cancer-fighting compound may be used someday to prevent two other major killers of Americans：heart disease and stroke. That was the implication of a remarkable report published last week in the journal Circulation by a team of researchers from Dr. Judah Folkman’s laboratory at the Children’s Hospital in Boston.The versatile compound is endostatin，a human protein that inhibits angiogenesis，the growth of new blood vessels in the body. In tests reported in 1997 by Folkman， a prominent cancer researcher who pioneered the study of angiogenesis，the drug had reduced and even eradicated tumors in laboratory mice. How？By stunting the growth of capillaries necessary for nourishing the burgeoning mouse tumors.When news of Folkman’s achievement became widely known last year，it led to wildly exaggerated predictions of imminent cancer cures. When other scientists were initially unable to duplicate those results，questions arose about the validit y of Folkman’s research. Then in February scientists at the National Cancer Institute，with guidance from Folkman，finally matched his results. Reassured，the N.C.I. gave the go-ahead for clinical trials of endostatin later this year on patients with advanced tumors.How can a drug that is apparently effective against tumors also reducethe risk of heart attack and stroke？The answer lies in the composition of plaque，the fatty deposit that builds up in arteries and can eventually clog them. Plaque consists of a mix of cholesterol，white blood cells and smooth muscle cells，and as it accumulates，a network of capillaries sprouts from the artery walls to nourish the cells. Could endostatin halt the growth of capillaries and starve the plaque？A Folkman lab team led by Dr. Karen Moulton decided to find out. The scientists put baby lab mice on a 16-week “Western diet” that was high in fat and cholesterol，then measured the plaque buildup on the walls of each aorta，the large artery that carries blood from the heart to the rest of the body. Meanwhile，they injected one group of mice with endostatin，another with a different blood-vessel inhibitor called TNP-470 and a control group with an inert saline solution. Twenty weeks later the researchers again measured plaque in the mouse aortas. The results were startling：the endostatin group averaged 85% less plaque buildup and the TNP-470 group 70% less than those in the control group.All too aware of the premature hopes raised last year after Folkman’s tumor report，the researchers have been careful not to oversell the new results. “If this finding is supported in future studies，” says Moulton，“[it could open the way for] treatments that could delay the progression of heart disease and possibly reduce the incidence of heart attacks and strokes.” But any such treatments，she stresses，are probably five to 10years away.注（1）：本文选自Time；04/19/99，p48；注（2）：本文习题命题模仿对象2004年真题Text 1；1. What did the report indicate？[A]A very important drug is now at experimental stage.[B]Heart disease and stroke are the most serious threats to Americans.[C]The tumor drug can be used for the heart disease in the future.[D]Many Americans suffer from heart disease and stroke.2. Why did the N.C.I. agree to have clinical trials of endostatin on the patients？[A]They were convinced of the Folkman’s research.[B]They can do such a research as well as Folkman.[C]The patients with advanced tumors need the drug.[D]The drug should be proved effective on humans.3. The expression “stunting the growth of capillaries”（Line 8，Paragraph 2）most probablymeans _______.[A]help the growth of capillaries[B]limit the growth of capillaries[C]improve the growth of capillaries[D]prevent the growth of capillaries4. Why can the tumor drug be used for the heart？[A]It can accumulate a network of capillaries and nourish the cells.[B]It can stop the growth of capillaries and provide no nourishment for plaque.[C]The curing method of tumor and heart disease is the same.[D]The tumor and heart disease are made up of the same substance.5. Which of the following is true according to the text？[A]Folkman’s tumor report had be en exaggerated.[B]The tumor drug is not as effective as what has been expected.[C]The new results of the research are far more encouraging.[D]Researchers still have a long way to go to make another successful experiment.答案：CADBC。
最新考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学(9)
考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学（9）William Shakespeare described old age as “second childishness”——sans teeth，sans eyes，sans taste. In the case of taste he may，musically speaking，have been even more perceptive than he realized. A paper in Neurology by Giovanni Frisoni and his colleagues at the National Centre for Research and Care of Alzheimer’s Disease in Brescia，Italy，shows that one form of senile dementia can affect musical desires in ways that suggest a regression，if not to infancy，then at least to a patient’s teens.Frontotemporal dementia is caused，as its name suggests，by damage to the front and sides of the brain. These regions are concerned with speech，and with such “higher” functions as abstract thinking and judgment. Frontotemporal damage therefore produces different symptoms from the loss of memory associated with Alzheimer’s disease，a more familiar dementia that affects the hippocampus and amygdala in the middle of the brain. Frontotemporal dementia is also rarer than Alzheimer’s. In the past fi ve years the centre in Brescia has treated some 1，500 Alzheimer’s patients；it has seen only 46 with frontotemporal dementia.Two of those patients interested Dr Frisoni. One was a 68-year-old lawyer，the other a 73-year-old housewife. Both had undamaged memories，but displayed the sorts of defect associated with frontotemporal dementia-a diagnosis that was confirmed by brainscanning. About two years after he was first diagnosed the lawyer，once a classical music lover whoreferred to pop music as “mere noise”，started listening to the Italian pop band “883”。
考研英语最新试题及答案
考研英语最新试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题2分）1. 根据文章内容，以下哪项是作者的主要观点？A. 教育对于个人发展至关重要。
B. 技术进步是社会发展的主要驱动力。
C. 环境保护比经济发展更重要。
D. 政治稳定是经济增长的前提条件。
答案：A2. 文章中提到的“绿色经济”指的是什么？A. 以牺牲环境为代价的经济增长。
B. 以可持续发展为核心的经济模式。
C. 以减少资源消耗为目的的经济活动。
D. 以提高能源效率为核心的经济体系。
答案：B3. 作者认为解决环境问题的关键是什么？A. 政府的监管和干预。
B. 公众的环保意识。
C. 企业的社会责任。
D. 国际合作与交流。
答案：B4. 文章中提到的“循环经济”是如何定义的？A. 一种依赖于自然资源的经济模式。
B. 一种依赖于可再生资源的经济模式。
C. 一种依赖于资源循环利用的经济模式。
D. 一种依赖于资源消耗的经济模式。
答案：C5. 根据文章内容，以下哪项是作者对未来经济发展的预测？A. 经济发展将导致环境恶化。
B. 经济发展将促进环境保护。
C. 环境保护将阻碍经济发展。
D. 经济发展与环境保护将相互独立。
答案：B二、完形填空（共20分，每题2分）阅读下面短文，从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
The world is facing a severe water shortage. It is estimated that by 2030, the demand for water will exceed the supply by a significant margin. This situation is particularly 6._______ in regions where water resources are limited.6. A. alarmingB. amusingC. annoyingD. appealing答案：A7. To address this issue, many countries have implemented water-saving measures, such as 7. _______ water prices and promoting water-saving technologies.7. A. increasingB. decreasingC. freezingD. stabilizing答案：A8. However, these measures alone are not enough. A more comprehensive approach is needed to 8. _______ the problem.8. A. tackleB. avoidC. ignoreD. postpone答案：A9. One possible solution is to invest in 9. _______ technologies that can recycle and purify wastewater.9. A. innovativeB. traditionalC. obsoleteD. experimental答案：A10. Additionally, public awareness campaigns should be launched to educate people about the importance of 10._______ water.10. A. conservingB. wastingC. consumingD. desalinating答案：A三、翻译（共20分，每题5分）1. 随着科技的发展，人们越来越依赖于智能手机。
最新考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学(1)
考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学（1）One of the many theories about alcoholism is the learning and reinforcement theory，which explains alcoholism by considering alcohol drinking as a reflex response to some stimulus and as a way to reduce an inner drive state such as fear or anxiety. Characterizing life situations in terms of approach and family discord，loss of job，and illness is explained by the proximity of the drive of reduction to the consumption of alcohol；that is，alcohol has the immediate effect of reducing tension while the unpleasant consequences of drunken behavior came only later. The learning pattern，therefore，favors the condition may trigger renewed drinking.Some experimental evidence tends to show that alcohol reduces fear in an approach-avoidance situation. Conger trained one group of rats to approach a food goal and trained another group to avoid electric shock. After an injection of alcohol the pull away from the shock was measurably weaker，while the pull toward food was unchanged.The obvious troubles experienced by alcoholic persons appear to contradict the learning theory in the planation of alcoholism. The discomfort，pain，and punishment they experience should presumably discourage the alcoholics from drinking. The fact that lcoholic persons continue to drink in the face of establishment and repetition of the resort to alcohol.In fact，the anxieties and feelings of guilt caused by the consequences of excessive alcohol drinking may become the signal for another time of alcohol abuse. The way in which the desire for another drink could be caused by anxiety is explained by the process of stimulus generalization：conditions or events occurring at the time of reinforcement tend to acquire all the features of stimuli. When alcohol is consumed in association with a state of anxiety or fear，the emotional state itself takes on the properties of a stimulus，thus triggering another time of drinking.The role of punishment is becoming increasingly important in explaining a cause of alcoholism based on the principles of learning theory. While punishment may serve to suppress a response，experiments have shown that in some cases it can serve as a reward and reinforce the behavior. Thus if the alcoholic person has learned to drink under conditions of both reward and punishment，either type of condition may trigger renewed drinking.1. The main purpose of the text is toA. introduce some existing theories about alcoholism.B. show the most effective new treatment of alcoholism.C. explain the application of a approach to alcoholism.D. help alcoholics and others know the cause of alcoholism.2. The description of Conger‘s experiment with two groups of ratswas intended toA. show that alcohol drinking does not affect appetite.B. confirm the findings of other academic researchers.C. show people that alcohol can minimize fear.D. disprove the learning and reinforcement theory.3. We can learn from paragraph 3 thatA. the learning theory sometimes contradicts itself in some fields.B. drinking alcohol can solve the problem of family discord.C. tension reduction usually appear first after drinking alcohol.D. alcoholics can‘t recall the unhappy consequence of alcoholism.4. The author provides enough information to answer the question ofA. why alcoholics continue to drink despite the unhappy consequences.B. how Conger explained the behavior of alcoholics by shock therapy.C. under what circumstances an alcoholic benefits from anxiety attacks.D. which treatment is the best one of alcoholism in the world now.5. It can be inferred from the text thatA. the behavior of alcoholics contradicts the approach-avoidance theory.B. the behavior of most alcoholics often proves the learning theory.C. punishment may become the stimulus for another time of drinking.D.frequent excessive drinking makes alcoholics indifferent to punishment.答案与解析1. B 主旨题。
2020年考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学(24)
2020年考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学（24）Dr. Wise Young has never met the hundreds of thousands of people he has helped in the past 10 years， and most of them have never heard of Wise Young. If they did meet him，however， they'd want to shake his hand——and the remarkable thing about that would be the simple fact that so many of them could. All the people Young has helped were victims of spinal injuries， and they owe much of the mobility they have today to his landmark work.Young， 51， head of the W.M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience at Rutgers University in New Brunswick， N.J.， was born on New Year's Day at the precise midpoint of the 20th century. Back then， the thinking about spinal-cord injury was straightforward： When a cord is damaged， it's damaged. There's nothing that can be doneafter an injury to restore the function that was so suddenly lost. As a medical student at Stanford University and a neurosurgeon at New York University Medical Center， Young never had much reason to question that received wisdom， but in 1980 he began to have his doubts. Spinal cords， he knew，experience progressive damage after they're injured，including swelling and inflammation， which may worsen the condition of the already damaged tissue. If that secondary insult could be relieved with drugs， might some function be preserved？Young spent a decade looking into the question， and in 1990 he co-led a landmark study showing that when high doses of a steroid known as methylprednisolone are administered within eight hours of an injury， about 20% of function canbe saved. Twenty percent is hardly everything， but it can often be the difference between breathing unassisted or relying on a respirator， walking or spending one's life in a wheelchair. “This discovery led to a revolution in neuroprotective therapy，” Young says.A global revolution， actually. More than 50，000 people around the world suffer spinal injuries each year， and these days， methylprednisolone is the standard treatment in the U.S. and many other countries. But Young is still not satisfied. The drug is an elixir for people who are newly injured， but the relief it offers is only partial， and many spinal-injury victims were hurt before it became available. Young's dream is to help those people too——to restore function already lost——and to that end he is studying drugs and growth factors that could improve conduction in damaged nerves or even prod the development of new ones. To ensure that all the neural researchers around the world pull together， he has created the International Neurotrauma Society， founded the Journal of Neural Trauma and established a website （） that receives thousands of hits each day.“The cure for spinal injury is going to be a combination of therapies，” Young says. “It's the most collaborative field I know.” Perhaps. But increasingly it seems that if the collaborators had a field general， his name would be Wise Young.注（1）：本文选自Time；8/20/2001， p54；注（2）：本文习题命题模仿对象2004年真题text 3；1. By “the remarkable thing about that would be the simple fact that s o many of them could”（Line three，Paragraph 1）， the author means_______________.[A] The remarkable thing is actually the simple fact.[B] Many people could do the remarkable things.[C] When meeting him， many people could do the simple but remarkable thing.[D] The remarkable thing lies in the simple fact that so many people could shake hands with him.2. How did people think of the spinal-cord injury at the middle of 20th century？[A] pessimistic[B] optimistic[C] confused[D] carefree3. By saying “Twenty percent is hardly everything”（Line 3， Paragraph 3）， the author is talkingabout_____________.[A] the drug[B] the function of the injured body[C] the function of the drug[D] the injury4. Why was Young unsatisfied with his achievement？[A] The drug cannot help the people who had spinal injury in the past.[B] His treatment is standard.[C] The drug only offers help to a small number of people.[D] The drug only treats some parts of the injury.5. To which of the following statements is the author likely to agree？[A] Wise Young does not meet many people.[B] When Young was young， he did not have much reason to ask questions.[C] If there needs a head of the spinal-injured field，Young might be the right person.[D] Young‘s dream is only to help the persons who were injured at early times.答案：D A B A C。
最新考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学(14)
考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学（14）Watching a child struggle to breathe during an asthma attack is frightening for any parent. So it is only natural that most moms and dads will try just about anything——including spending a lot of money——to keep an attack at bay. Trouble is，more than half of parents are trying strategies that simply don’t work and wasting hundreds of dollars in the process，according to a study published last week in the Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology.The report，based on interviews with the parents of 896 asthmatic children in 10 different cities，contained some good news. Eighty percent of parents had a handle on at least one of the triggers that worsened their children’s asthma. After that，however，many parents seemed to go astray，t aking precautions that weren’t helpful “and made little sense，” according to Dr. Michael Cabana，a pediatrician at the University of Michigan’s C.S. Mott Children’s Hospital，who led the study.One of the most common mistakes was to buy a mattress cover to protect against dust mites for a child whose asthma was exacerbated instead by plant pollen. Many of those parents then neglected to do what would have helped a lot more：shut the windows to keep pollen out. Another was using a humidifier for a child who was allergic to dust mites；a humidifier tends to be a place where dust mites like to breed.With those allergies，a dehumidifier works better.Worst of all was the number of smokers with asthmatic children who didn’t even try to quit or at least limit themselves to smoking outdoors rather than just moving to another room or the garage. Second-hand smoke has been proved，over and over again，to be a major trigger of asthma attacks. Many smoking parents purchased expensive air filters that have wha t Cabana called “questionable utility.”Part of the problem，Dr. Cabana and his colleagues believe，is that parents are bombarded by television ads that encourage them to buy products such as air and carpet fresheners，ionizers and other remedies that are often expensive but medically unnecessary. And doctors may not always take the time，or have the time，to explain to parents what will and won’t work in their child’s particular case. For example，allergies are usually a problem for older children with asthma，while kids 5 and younger more frequently have trouble with viral respiratory infections. So make sure you understand what’s really triggering your child’s asthma. And remember，the best solutions are not always the most expensive ones.注（1）：本文选自Time，8/30/2004，p67；注（2）：本文习题命题模仿对象2004年真题Text 11. What does the study by Dr. Michael Cabana indicate？[A]Parents are eager to cure of their children‘s disease.[B]Many parents are wasting money for their children‘s frightening disease.[C] Many parents fail to find the effective way for their children‘s disease.[D]Parents feel worried about their children‘s disease.2. Which of the following is not the trigger of asthma attacks？[A]Humidifier.[B]Second-hand smoke.[C]Plant pollen.[D]Dust mites.3. The expression “to keep an attack at bay” （Line 3，Paragraph 1）most probably means ________.[A]to ease the attack[B]to lessen the attack[C]to continue the attack[D]to prevent the attack4. Why are the parents in such a dilemma？[A]The doctors are not responsible enough.[B]Parents are influenced much by ads.[C]Parents are ignorant of the disease.[D]The quality of medical products is not good.5. Which of the following is true according to the text？[A]Parents shouldn’t spend too much money on the children.[B]The expensive products are not always good.[C]To know the real trigger of the disease is very important.[D]Parents often make mistakes.答案：CADBC。
最新考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学(10)
考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学（10）I had two routine checkups last week，and both the eye doctor and the dentist asked me to update my health history for their records. Their requests made sense. Health-care providers should know what problems their patients have had and what medications they’re taking to be on the lookout for potential trouble or complications.On each history，however，the section labeled FAMILY HEALTH HISTORY gave me pause. Few diseases are purely genetic，but plenty have genetic components. If my father suffered from elevated LDL，or bad cholesterol，my doctor should know that，because I’m probably at higher risk. If my mother had breast cancer，my sister （if I had one）would want her physician to be especially vigilant.While I know somethin g about the history of my parents’ health-my father had prostate cancer at a relatively young age and suffered from macular degeneration and Parkinson’s disease，and my mother died of lung cancer-there’s plenty I don’t know. What were my parents’ cholesterol numbers and blood pressures？I assume I would have known if either suffered from diabetes，but I can’t swear to that. And when it comes to my grandparents，whose genes I also have，I’m even more in the dark.That makes me fairly typical. According to Dr. Richard Carmona，the U.S. Surgeon General，only about a third of Americans have eventried to put together a family-health history. That’s why he has launched the Family History Initiative and declared Thanksgiving National Family History Day. Sitting around the turkey talking about cancer and heart disease may seem like a grim thing to do when you’re supposed to be giving thanks for everything that’s going right. But since many families will be gathering for the holiday anyway，it’s a perfect time t o create a medical family tree.And the Surgeon General is making it easy：if you go to /familyhistory，you can use the Frequently Asked Questions link to find out which diseases tend to run in families，which ones you should be most and least worried about，and what to do if，like me，your parents and grandparents have passed away. You can also download a free piece of software called My Family Health Portrait，which helps you organize the information. The program prints that out in a easy-to-read form you can give to your doctors.The website insists the software is “fun”，but that may be going a bit far. In any case，it’s available only for Windows machines，so Mac users and people without computers have to use a printed version of the tree. It’s worth it，though，since it could help save your life or the life of your children someday.注（1）：本文选自Time；11/22/2004，p100；注（2）：本文习题命题模仿对象为2005年真题Text 1；1. In the opening paragraph，the author introduces his topic by[A] posing a contrast.[B] justifying an assumption.[C] explaining a phenomenon.[D] making a comparison.2. The statement “I assume I would have known if either suffered from diabetes，but I can’t swear to that.” （Line 4，Paragraph 3）implies that[A] only one of them suffered from diabetes.[B] neither of them suffered from diabetes.[C] both of them suffered from diabetes.[D] it’s uncertain whether they suffered from diabetes or not.3. Family health report is very important because[A] you can be careful about some disease and keep fit.[B] you are connected with your parents and your grandparents.[C] many diseases are genetic and should be noticed.[D] you should be considerate and care about your parents.4. Dr. Richard Carmona suggests that[A] you should present your doctor with a medical history.[B] you should print out your family’s medical history.[C] you should gather your f amily’s medical history.[D] you should give thanks for everything that is going right.5. What can we infer from the last paragraph？[A] The software is fun enough.[B] Family medical tree shouldn’t be neglected.[C] The software is not available anywhere.[D] It is worthwhile to draw a family tree.答案：C B A C B。
最新考研英语阅读理解精读100篇医药类
考研英语阅读理解精读100篇医药类Unit 84At 18, Ashanthi DeSilva of suburban Cleveland is a living symbol of one of the great intellectual achievements of the 20th century. Born with an extremely rare and usually fatal disorder that left her without a functioning immune system (the "bubble-boy disease," named after an earlier victim who was kept alive for years in a sterile plastic tent), she was treated beginning in 1990 with a revolutionary new therapy that sought to correct the defect at its very source, in the genes of her white blood cells. It worked. Although her last gene-therapy treatment was in 1992, she is completely healthy with normal immune function, according to one of the doctors who treated her, W. French Anderson of the University of Southern California. Researchers have long dreamed of treating diseases from hemophilia to cancer by replacing mutant genes with normal ones. And the dreaming may continue for decades more. "There will be a gene-based treatment for essentially every disease," Anderson says, "within 50 years."It's not entirely clear why medicine has been so slow to build on Anderson's early success. The National Institutes of Health budget office estimates it will spend $432 million on gene-therapy research in 2005, and there is no shortage of promising leads. The therapeutic genes are usually delivered through viruses that don't cause human disease. "The virus is sort of like a Trojan horse," says Ronald Crystal of New York Presbyterian/Weill Cornell Medical College. "The cargo is the gene."At the University of Pennsylvania's Abramson Cancer Center, immunologist Carl June recently treated HIV patients with a gene intended to help their cells resist the infection. At Cornell University, researchers are pursuing gene-based therapies for Parkinson's disease and a rare hereditary disorder that destroys children's brain cells. At Stanford University and the Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, researchers are trying to figure out how to help patients with hemophilia who today must inject themselves with expensive clotting drugs for life. Animal experiments have shown great promise.But somehow, things get lost in the translation from laboratory to patient. In human trials of the hemophilia treatment, patients show a response at first, but it fades over time. And the field has still not recovered from the setback it suffered in 1999, when Jesse Gelsinger, an 18-year-old with a rare metabolic disorder, died after receiving an experimental gene therapy at the University of Pennsylvania. Some experts worry that the field will be tarnished further if the next people to benefit are not patients but athletes seeking an edge. Thissummer, researchers at the Salk Institute in San Diego said they had created a "marathon mouse" by implanting a gene that enhances running ability; already, officials at the World Anti-Doping Agency are preparing to test athletes for signs of "gene doping." But the principle is the same, whether you're trying to help a healthy runner run faster or allow a muscular-dystrophy patient to walk. "Everybody recognizes that gene therapy is a very good idea," says Crystal. "And eventually it's going to work."注（1）：本文选自Newsweek；12/6/2004, p55-55, 2/3p, 1c;注（2）：本文习题命题模仿对象：第1、2题分别模仿2003年真题text1的第2题和第1题；第3、4题分别模仿2004年真题text1的第5 题和第3题；第5题模仿2002年真题text3的第5题;1.The case of Ashanthi Desilva is mentioned in the text to ____________.[A] show the promise of gene-therapy[B] give an example of modern treatment for fatal diseases[C] introduce the achievement of Anderson and his team[D] explain how gene-based treatment works2.Anderson’s early success has ________________.[A] greatly speeded the development of medicine[B] brought no immediate progress in the research of gene-therapy[C] promised a cure to every disease[D] made him a national hero3.Which of the following is true according to the text?[A] Ashanthi needs to receive gene-therapy treatment constantly.[B] Despite the huge funding, gene researches have shown few promises.[C] Therapeutic genes are carried by harmless viruses.[D] Gene-doping is encouraged by world agencies to help athletes get better scores.4.The word “tarnish” (line 5, paragraph 4) most probably means____________.[A] affect[B] warn[C] trouble[D] stain5.From the text we can see that the author seems ___________.[A] optimistic[B] pessimistic[C] troubled[D] uncertainA B C D A篇章剖析：本篇文章是说明文，主要说明基因疗法的前景，现状，遭遇的问题以及人们对待基因疗法的态度。
最新考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学(15)
考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学（15）Sleep is a funny thing. We’re taught that we should get seven or eight hours a night，but a lot of us get by just fine on less，and some of us actually sleep too much. A study out of the University of Buffalo last month reported that people who routinely sleep more than eight hours a day and are still tired are nearly three times as likely to die of stroke——probably as a result of an underlying disorder that keeps them from snoozing soundly.Doctors have their own special sleep problems. Residents are famously sleep deprived. When I was training to become a neurosurgeon，it was not unusual to work 40 hours in a row without rest. Most of us took it in stride，confident we could still deliver the highest quality of medical care. Maybe we shouldn’t have been so sure of ourselves. An article in the Journal of the American Medical Association points out that in the morning after 24 hours of sleeplessness，a person’s motor performance is comparable to that of someone who is legally intoxicated. Curiously，surgeons who believe that operating under the influence is grounds for dismissal often don’t think twice about operating without enough sleep.“I could tell you horror stories，” says Jaya Agrawal，president of the American Medical Student Association，which runs a website where residents can post anonymous anecdotes. Some are terrifying. “I was operating after being up for over 36 hours，” one writes. “I literally fellasleep standing up and nearly face planted into the wound.”“Pra ctically every surgical resident I know has fallen asleep at the wheel driving home from work，” writes another. “I know of three who have hit parked cars. Another hit a ‘Jersey barrier’ on the New Jersey Turnpike，going 65 m.p.h.” “Your own patients have b ecome the enemy，” writes a third，because they are “the one thing that stands between you and a few hours of sleep.”Agrawal’s organization is supporting the Patient and Physician Safety and Protection Act of 2001，introduced last November by Representative John Conyers Jr. of Michigan. Its key provisions，modeled on New York State’s regulations，include an 80-hour workweek and a 24-hour work-shift limit.Most doctors，however，resist such interference. Dr. Charles Binkley， a senior surgery resident at the University of Michigan，agrees that something needs to be done but believes “doctors should be bound by their conscience，not by the government.”The U.S. controls the hours of pilots and truck drivers. But until such a system is in place for doctors，patients are on their own. If you’re worried about the people treating you or a loved one，you should feel free to ask how many hours of sleep they have had and if more-rested staffers are available. Doctors，for their part，have to give up their pose of infallibility and get the rest they need.注（1）：本文选自Time；3/11/2002，p73，3/4p，1c；注（2）：本文习题命题模仿对象：第1、2题分别模仿1999年真题text4的第1题和text2的第2题；第3题模仿1998年真题text3的第2题；第4、5题分别模仿2004年真题text2的第3题和text3的第5题；1. We can learn from the first paragraph that ____________.[A] people who sleep less than 8 hours a day are more prone to illness[B] poor sleep quality may be a sign of physical disorder[C] stroke is often associated with sleep[D] too much sleep can be as harmful as lack of sleep2. Speaking of the sleep problems doctors face，the author implies that ________________.[A] doctors often need little sleep to keep them energetic[B] doctors‘sleep is deprived by residents[C] doctors tend to neglect their own sleep problems[D] sleep-deprived doctors are intoxicated3. Paragraph 3 and 4 are written to ____________.[A] entertain the audience with some anecdotes[B] discuss the cause of doctors‘sleep problems[C] show the hostility doctors harbor against their patients[D] exemplify the danger doctors face caused by lack of sleep4. By “doctors should be bound by their conscience，not by the government” （line 6，paragraph 5），Dr. Charles Binkley means that____________.[A] doctors should not abide by government‘s regulations[B] the government is interfering too much[C] the regulations about workweek and work shift are too specific[D] law can not force a doctor to sleep while his conscience can5. To which of the following is the author likely to agree？[A] Patients should control the hours of their doctors.[B] Pilots and truck drivers work in safer environments than that of doctors‘。
最新考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学（8）
最新考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学（8）考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学（8）Should doctor-assisted suicide ever be a legal option？It involves the extreme measure of taking the life of a terminally ill patient when the patient is in extreme pain and the chances for recovery appear to be none.Those who argue against assisted suicide do so by considering the roles of the patient，the doctor，and nature in these situations.Should the patient take an active role in assisted suicide？When a patient is terminally ill and in great pain，those who oppose assisted suicide say that it should not be up to that patient to decide what his or her fate will be.There are greater powers at work that determine when a person dies，for example，nature.Neither science nor personal preference should take precedence over these larger forces.What role should the doctor have？Doctors，when taking the Hippocratic oath，swear to preserve life at all costs，and it is their ethical and legal duty to follow both the spirit and the letter of this oath.It is their responsibilities to heal the sick，and in the cases when healing is not possible，then the doctor is obliged to make the dying person comfortable.Doctors are trained never to hasten death.Those who oppose assisted suicide believe that doctors who do help terminally ill patients die are committing a crime，and they should be dealt with accordingly.Doctors are also，by virtue of their humanness，capable of making mistakes.Doctors could quite possibly say，for instance，that acancer patient was terminal，and then the illness could later turn out not to be so serious.There is always an element of doubtconcerning the future outcome of human affairs.The third perspective to consider when thinking about assisted suicide is the role of nature.Life is precious.Many people believe that it is not up to human beings to decide when to end their own or another‘s life.Only nature determines when it is the right time for a person to die.To assist someone in suicide is not only to break criminal laws，but to break divine 1aws as well.These general concerns of those who oppose assisted suicide are valid in certain contexts of the assisted suicide question.For instance，patients cannot always be certain of their medical conditions.Pain clouds judgment，and so the patient should not be the sole arbiter of her or his own destiny.Patients do not usually choose the course of their medical treatment，so they shouldn‘t be held completely responsible for decisions related to it.Doctors are also fallible，and it is understandable that they would not want to make the final decision about when death should occur.Since doctors are trained to prolong life，they usually do not elect to take it by prescribing assisted suicide.I believe that blindly opposing assisted suicide does no onea service.If someone is dying of cancer and begging to be put out of his or her misery，and someone gives that person a deadly dose of morphine，that seems merciful rather than criminal.If we can agree to this，then I think we could also agree that having a doctor close by measuring the dosage and advising the family and friends is a reasonable request.Without the doctor‘s previous treatment，the person would have surely been dead already.Doctors have intervened for months or even years，so why not sanction this final，merciful intervention？Life is indeed precious，but an inevitable part of life is death，and it should be precious，too.If life has become an intolerable pain and intense suffering，then it seems that in order to preserve dignity and beauty，one should have the right to end her or his suffering quietly，surely，and with family and friends nearby.1. In this passage“doctor-assisted suicide”act ually refers to the practice that doctors____.[A]kill their patients by intentional inducement[B]unconsciously help their patients to commit suicide[c]propose euthanasia（安乐死）to the terminally ill patient[D]kill their patients with improper prescription2. People may object to doctor-assisted suicide on the ground that____.[A]patients should determine when they want to end their lives[B]doctors should be punished if they fail to save their patients[C]doctors may make mistakes in their diagnosis[D]doctors should wait until their patients‘death is certain3. Who has the power to decide when a person should die according to those who argue against assisted suicide？[A]The patient. [B]The doctor.[C]Nature. [D]None of the above.4. When speaking of the role patients play in assisted suicide，the author admits that____.[A]it is not up to them to make the choice[B]science is a better arbiter than their personal preference[C]personal preference should not be taken too seriously[D]they are unable to make the choice in some cases5. The author makes it clear that____.[A]he is opposed to doctor-assisted suicide[B]he is in favor of doctor-assisted suicide[C]he neither objects to nor favors doctor-assisted suicide[D]he thinks it better to leave the issue undiscussed at present1. [C] 第一段第二句实际上是doctor-assisted suicide的定义。
2024医学考研英语真题
2024医学考研英语真题# 2024医学考研英语真题## Part I Listening Comprehension (30 points)### Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. After each question, there will be a pause. The conversations and questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.1. What does the man mean by saying "I've got a green thumb"?A) He is good at gardening.B) He has a thumb injury.C) He is wearing green gloves.D) He is a professional athlete.2. Why did the woman decide to take a break from her studies?A) She was feeling stressed.B) She wanted to travel.C) She had a family emergency.D) She was not interested in her major.### Section BDirections: Listen to the passage. Then answer the questions that follow.Passage: [A passage about the latest medical researchfindings will be read.]1. What is the main topic of the passage?A) The history of medical research.B) Recent breakthroughs in medical science.C) The challenges faced by medical researchers.D) The ethical implications of medical research.2. According to the passage, what is the significance of the new drug?A) It is the first of its kind.B) It has fewer side effects than other drugs.C) It is more affordable than existing treatments.D) It can cure a previously untreatable disease.## Part II Reading Comprehension (40 points)### Section ADirections: Read the following passage. Then answer the questions by choosing the best answer A, B, C, or D.Passage: [A passage about the impact of technology on medical education.]1. What is one of the benefits of using technology in medical education mentioned in the passage?A) It reduces the need for practical training.B) It allows for more personalized learning experiences.C) It is less expensive than traditional teaching methods.D) It has no impact on the quality of education.2. According to the author, what is a potential drawback of relying too heavily on technology?A) It can lead to a lack of human interaction.B) It can be difficult for older students to adapt to.C) It can be distracting during lectures.D) It can be too time-consuming.### Section BDirections: Read the following text and answer the questions by choosing the best answer A, B, C, or D.Text: [A text discussing the role of communication in patient care.]1. What is the primary purpose of effective communication in healthcare?A) To establish a professional relationship with the patient.B) To ensure accurate diagnosis and treatment.C) To reduce the risk of medical errors.D) All of the above.2. Which of the following is NOT a strategy for improvingcommunication with patients?A) Active listening.B) Using medical jargon.C) Clarifying information.D) Providing clear instructions.## Part III Cloze Test (15 points)Directions: For each blank in the following passage, thereare four choices marked A, B, C, and D. Choose the one that best fits the context of the passage.Passage: [A passage about the importance of ethics in medical practice.][The passage will have 10 blanks that need to be filled with the appropriate word or phrase.]1. The doctor's decision to withhold certain information from the patient was based on a belief in the principle of _______.A) autonomyB) beneficenceC) non-maleficenceD) justice2. In medical ethics, the term _______ refers to theobligation to prevent harm.A) informed consentB) double effectC) malpracticeD) primum non nocere## Part IV Writing (15 points)Directions: Write an essay of 160-200 words on the topic "The Role of Technology in Modern Medicine." You should write clearly and coherently, and support your view with appropriate examples.[The essay will be written on the provided topic, discussing the impact of technology on the medical field, including advancements in diagnostics, treatments, and patient care.]请注意，以上内容为模拟的2024医学考研英语真题，实际考试内容可能有所不同。
医学考研英语试题及答案
医学考研英语试题及答案一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
AThe medical profession is an ever-evolving field with new research and developments constantly emerging.1. What is the main idea of the passage?A) The medical field is dynamic and changing.B) Research is the only way to advance medicine.C) Medical professionals must be constantly learning.D) The passage does not have a clear main idea.2. What can be inferred from the passage?A) Medical professionals are resistant to change.B) New developments in medicine are rare.C) The medical field requires continuous learning.D) Research is not valued in the medical community.BRecent studies have shown that a balanced diet and regular exercise can significantly reduce the risk of chronic diseases.3. What is the focus of the recent studies mentioned in the passage?A) The benefits of a balanced diet.B) The importance of regular exercise.C) The reduction of chronic disease risk.D) Both A and B.4. What can be concluded from the passage?A) Chronic diseases are on the rise.B) Diet and exercise have no effect on health.C) Lifestyle changes can improve health outcomes.D) The passage does not provide any conclusions.二、完形填空（共15分，每题1.5分）Read the following passage and fill in the blanks with the most suitable word from the options provided.In recent years, telemedicine has become increasingly popular as a convenient way for patients to receive medical 5. (A) advice, (B) services, (C) treatment, (D) consultation.5. The correct answer is: (D) consultation.6-10. [Fill in the blanks with the correct options from the choices provided.]三、翻译（共15分，每题5分）Translate the following sentences from English to Chinese.11. The discovery of penicillin revolutionized the treatment of bacterial infections.翻译：青霉素的发现彻底改变了细菌感染的治疗方式。
医学考研英语试题及答案
医学考研英语试题及答案医学考研英语模拟试题一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）Passage 1Researchers have found that a diet rich in fruits and vegetables can significantly reduce the risk of developing certain types of cancer. The study, which followed over10,000 participants for a period of ten years, showed that those who consumed at least five servings of fruits and vegetables daily had a 30% lower risk of developing cancer compared to those who consumed less than three servings a day.Questions:1. According to the study, what is the impact of a diet richin fruits and vegetables on cancer risk?A. It increases the risk of cancer.B. It has no significant impact on cancer risk.C. It significantly reduces the risk of developing certain types of cancer.D. It eliminates the risk of all types of cancer.Passage 2The latest medical breakthrough in the treatment ofAlzheimer's disease involves the use of a new drug that targets the beta-amyloid plaques in the brain. These plaques are believed to be one of the primary causes of the disease. The drug has shown promising results in clinical trials, improving cognitive function and slowing the progression of the disease.Questions:2. What is the primary target of the new drug for Alzheimer's treatment?A. Cognitive functionB. Beta-amyloid plaquesC. The progression of the diseaseD. The cause of the disease二、完形填空（共15分，每题3分）The World Health Organization (WHO) has recently launched a campaign to raise awareness about the importance of mental health. Mental health is as important as physical health and should not be overlooked. The campaign aims to educate people about the signs of common mental health disorders and to encourage them to seek help when necessary.3. The WHO campaign is focused on ________ the significance of mental health.A. ignoringB. emphasizingC. avoidingD. minimizing4. Mental health is considered as ________ as physical health.A. less importantB. equally importantC. more importantD. unimportant三、词汇与语法（共25分，每题5分）5. The doctor suggested that the patient should ________ a balanced diet to improve his health.A. stick toB. come up withC. look intoD. get away from6. Despite the recent advances in medical technology, thereare still many diseases that are ________ to cure.A. possibleB. impossibleC. likelyD. unlikely7. The research team ________ the data for hours before they could draw any conclusions.A. analyzedB. was analyzingC. had analyzedD. have analyzed四、翻译（共20分，每题10分）8. 将下列句子从英文翻译成中文。
最新考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学(2)
考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学（2）There are certain people who behave in a quite peculiar fashion during the work of analysis. When one speaks hopefully to them or expresses satisfaction with the progress of the treatment，they show signs of discontent and their condition invariably becomes worse. One begins by regarding this as defiance and as an attempt to prove their superiority to the physician，but later one comes to take a deeper and juster view. One becomes convinced，not only that such people cannot endure any praise or appreciation，but that they react inversely to the progress of the treatment. Every partial solution that ought to result，and in other people does result，in an improvement or a temporary suspension of symptoms produces in them for the time being an intensification of their illness；they get worse during the treatment instead of getting better. They exhibit what is known as a “negative therapeutic reaction”。
护理考研英语试题及答案
护理考研英语试题及答案护理考研英语模拟试题一、阅读理解（共20分，每题4分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出最佳选项。
A篇In recent years, the nursing profession has seen asignificant increase in demand for skilled professionals. This growth is attributed to several factors, including an aging population, advancements in medical technology, and a greater focus on patient-centered care. As a result, many individuals are considering a career in nursing to meet these challenges and contribute to the well-being of society.36. What is the main reason for the increased demand for nurses?A. Aging populationB. Advancements in medical technologyC. Greater focus on patient-centered careD. All of the above答案：DB篇Nurses play a critical role in the healthcare system. Theyare responsible for a wide range of duties, from providing direct patient care to administering medications andmonitoring vital signs. Moreover, nurses are often the first point of contact for patients and their families, makingtheir communication skills and emotional intelligence as important as their medical knowledge.37. According to the passage, which of the following is NOT a duty of nurses?A. Administering medicationsB. Monitoring vital signsC. Teaching medical studentsD. Providing direct patient care答案：C二、完形填空（共15分，每题1.5分）阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
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考研英语阅读理解模拟试题：医学（24）Dr. Wise Young has never met the hundreds of thousands of people he has helped in the past 10 years，and most of them have never heard of Wise Young. If they did meet him，however，they’d want to shake his hand——and the remarkable thing about that would be the simple fact that so many of them could. All the people Young has helped were victims of spinal injuries，and they owe much of the mobility they have today to his landmark work.Young，51，head of the W.M. Keck Center for Collaborative Neuroscience at Rutgers University in New Brunswick，N.J.，was born on New Year’s Day at the precise midpoint of the 20th century. Back then，the thinking about spinal-cord injury was straightforward：When a cord is damaged，it’s damaged. There’s n othing that can be done after an injury to restore the function that was so suddenly lost. As a medical student at Stanford University and a neurosurgeon at New York University Medical Center，Young never had much reason to question that received wisdom，but in 1980 he began to have his doubts. Spinal cords，he knew，experience progressive damage after they’re injured，including swelling and inflammation，which may worsen the condition of the already damaged tissue. If that secondary insult could be relieved with drugs，might some function be preserved？Young spent a decade looking into the question，and in 1990 heco-led a landmark study showing that when high doses of a steroid known as methylprednisolone are administered within eight hours of an injury，about 20% of function can be saved. Twenty percent is hardly everything，but it can often be the difference between breathing unassisted or relying on a respirator，walking or spending one’s life in a wheelchair. “This discovery led to a revolution in n europrotective therapy，” Young says.A global revolution，actually. More than 50，000 people around the world suffer spinal injuries each year，and these days，methylprednisolone is the standard treatment in the U.S. and many other countries. But Young is still not satisfied. The drug is an elixir for people who are newly injured，but the relief it offers is only partial，and many spinal-injury victims were hurt before it became available. Young’s dream is to help those people too——to restore function already lost——and to that end he is studying drugs and growth factors that could improve conduction in damaged nerves or even prod the development of new ones. To ensure that all the neural researchers around the world pull together，he has created the International Neurotrauma Society，founded the Journal of Neural Trauma and established a website （）that receives thousands of hits each day.“The cure for spinal injury is going to be a combination of therapies，” Young says. “It’s the most collaborative field I know.” Perhaps. Butincreasingly it seems that if the collaborators had a field general，his name would be Wise Young.注（1）：本文选自Time；8/20/2001，p54；注（2）：本文习题命题模仿对象2004年真题text 3；1. By “the remarkable thing about that would be the simple fact that so many of them could”（Line three，Paragraph 1），the author means_______________.[A] The remarkable thing is actually the simple fact.[B] Many people could do the remarkable things.[C] When meeting him，many people could do the simple but remarkable thing.[D] The remarkable thing lies in the simple fact that so many people could shake hands with him.2. How did people think of the spinal-cord injury at the middle of 20th century？[A] pessimistic[B] optimistic[C] confused[D] carefree3. By saying “Twenty percent is hardly everything”（Line 3，Paragraph 3），the author is talking about_____________.[A] the drug[B] the function of the injured body[C] the function of the drug[D] the injury4. Why was Young unsatisfied with his achievement？[A] The drug cannot help the people who had spinal injury in the past.[B] His treatment is standard.[C] The drug only offers help to a small number of people.[D] The drug only treats some parts of the injury.5. To which of the following statements is the author likely to agree？[A] Wise Young does not meet many people.[B] When Young was young，he did not have much reason to ask questions.[C] If there needs a head of the spinal-injured field，Young might be the right person.[D] Young‘s dream is only to help the persons who were injured at early times.答案：D A B A C。