British Holiday and Festivals

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英国节日 British_Festivals_and_Holidays

1月1日，一年一度的英国伦敦新年大游行吸引了来自英国、美国、日本、德国、加拿大等地的100多支游行队伍、 3000多名街头表演者参加，展示的内容主要包括卡通人物气球、各国音乐舞蹈等。这是一对父子坐在小火车上参加英国伦敦新年大游行。
英国人在除夕的深夜，人们常常带上糕点和酒出去拜访亲友。他们不敲门，就径直走进亲友家去。朝屋里迈进第一只脚的人，预示着主人在新的一年里运气的好坏。如果迈进第一只脚的人是个快乐、幸福、有钱的人，主人将全年吉利；如果是个忧伤、不幸、贫穷的人，主人在新的一年里将会遇到困难、倒霉。
Jesus
It is traditional for all denominations to eat hot cross buns（上面有十字架形的圣糕）
Easter
A special day that move each other
复活节（主复活日）是现今基督教徒的重要节日之一，定在每年春分月圆之后第一个星期日。基督徒认为，复活节象征重生与希望，乃纪念耶稣基督于公元33年被钉死后第三天复活的事迹。
It is also a memorable occasion to make New Year's resolutions, which they hope
to fulfill in the coming year.
Saint Patrick's Day
St. Patrick„s Day, is an annual feast day, which celebrates Saint Patrick ,one of the patron saints（守护神；保护圣徒） of Ireland, and is generally celebrated on March 17.

英国节日的英语作文

In the United Kingdom,a variety of festivals and holidays are celebrated,each with its own unique traditions and significance.Here is an overview of some of the most notable British festivals and holidays:1.New Years Day1st January:This is a public holiday in the UK,marking the start of the new year.Celebrations often involve fireworks,parties,and the setting of new year resolutions.2.Valentines Day14th February:Although not a public holiday,this day is widely celebrated with romantic gestures such as the exchange of cards,flowers,and chocolates.3.Mothering Sunday March:This is a Christian holiday that falls on the fourth Sunday of Lent.It is a day to honor mothers and mother figures,and it is often celebrated with family gatherings and the giving of gifts.4.Good Friday Variable Date:This is a Christian holiday that commemorates the crucifixion of Jesus Christ.It is a public holiday,and many people attend church services or observe the day with fasting and reflection.5.Easter Variable Date:Easter is the most important festival in the Christian calendar, celebrating the resurrection of Jesus Christ.It is marked by church services,Easter egg hunts,and the consumption of hot cross buns.6.May Day1st May:This is a traditional spring festival that has its roots in ancient agricultural customs.It is celebrated with Maypole dancing,the crowning of a May Queen,and the giving of May baskets.7.Spring Bank Holiday Last Monday in May:This is a public holiday that provides a long weekend for many people.It is often used as an opportunity for outdoor activities and travel.8.Trooping the Colour June:This is the official birthday celebration of the British monarch,which is marked with a grand military parade in London.9.Guy Fawkes Night5th November:Also known as Bonfire Night,this is a celebration of the failed Gunpowder Plot of1605.It is marked by fireworks displays,bonfires,and the burning of effigies of Guy Fawkes.10.Christmas Day25th December:This is a Christian holiday celebrating the birth of Jesus Christ.It is a public holiday and is characterized by family gatherings,the exchangeof gifts,and the decoration of homes with Christmas trees and lights.11.Boxing Day26th December:The day after Christmas,Boxing Day is a public holiday in the UK.It is traditionally a day for giving gifts to service workers and is also a time for shopping,as many retailers offer postChristmas sales.These festivals and holidays are an integral part of British culture,offering a mix of religious observance,national celebration,and family traditions.Each event provides an opportunity for people to come together,share in the festivities,and create lasting memories.。

英国节日英文带翻译

英国节日英文带翻译British Festivals: Celebrating Culture and Tradition。

英国节日，庆祝文化和传统。

Britain is a country that is rich in culture and tradition, and one of the ways in which this is celebrated is through the many festivals that take place throughout the year. From religious holidays to cultural events, there is always something to celebrate in Britain.英国是一个文化和传统丰富的国家，庆祝这一点的方式之一就是通过全年举行的许多节日。

从宗教节日到文化活动，英国总有值得庆祝的事情。

One of the most important festivals in Britain is Christmas. This is a Christian holiday that is celebrated on December 25th every year. It is a time when families come together to exchange gifts, eat delicious food, and enjoy each other's company. Many towns and cities also holdChristmas markets, where people can buy handmade crafts and enjoy festive treats.英国最重要的节日之一是圣诞节。

这是一个基督教节日，每年12月25日庆祝。

这是一个家庭聚会的时刻，家人们互相交换礼物，享用美味的食物，享受彼此的陪伴。

英国节日介绍

5．复活节（Easter/Easter Sunday）：春分月圆后的第一个星期日。
6．愚人节（April Fool）：每年4月1日。
7.五月节 (May Day)：每年5月1日。 8. 母亲节(Mother's day ), 5月第二个星期日。
9．万圣节ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱHalloween）：10月31日。 10. 圣诞节（Christmas Day）：每年12月25 日
The custom of an Easter egg hunt began because children believed that rabbits laid eggs in the grass.
Labor Day
Labor's Day is on May 1st. The Labor's Day is workers' holiday and workers can enjoy themselves to their heart's content. Many people choose to travel. And some others will go to the cinema. Some will go to parks. And others will stay at home.
英国劳动节民俗表演
Saint Patrick's Day（圣帕特里
克节）
St. Patrick's Day（圣帕特里克节） , is an annual feast day, which celebrates Saint Patrick ,one of the patron saints of Ireland, and is generally celebrated on March 17.

chapter8britishholidaysandfestivals英国的节假日

Chapter 8 British Holidays and Festivals 英国的节假日I. Religious Holidays*Most of the world’s religions are practiced in Britain, with sizeable Hindu(印度教), Muslim and Sikh（印度锡克教职工）communities and many smaller groupsChristian festivals---Christmas: the biggest and the most popular British holiday celebrated on December 25th each year to commemorate the birth of Jesus Christ. People usually decorate homes with evergreen plants, Christmas trees and ornaments. They also exchange gifts and Christmas cards. Three typical British traditions on Christmas are: the Christmas Pantomime(圣诞童话剧), the Queen’s speech over the television and radio, and the Boxing Day（节礼日）.the Christmas Pantomime: a typical British Christmas tradition. It is a comical musical play usually based on a popular traditional children’s story. There are two main ch aracters in the play: “the principal boy”, played by a young woman, and “the Dame”（滑稽老太婆角色）, played by a man. It is a play with songs and jokes which can be enjoyed by both adults and children.Boxing Day: a typical British tradition celebrated on the day after Christmas.People used to give Christmas gifts or money to their staff or servants on this day.And now they mostly do shopping, pay visits, enjoy eating or just relax.---Easter (the first Sunday following the full moon that occurs on or next after March 21. 复活节3月21日或其后月满之后的第一个星期天). This festival occurs in the spring, which commemorates the crucifixion(钉死在十字架上)and resurrection (复活) of Jesus Christ. It is the most important Christian festival for many church-goers. The Easter egg, originally a Christian symbol of new life, is the main symbol of Easter for most people. Rabbits and chicks are also animals traditionally associated with Easter and widely appear in chocolate form around this time.* Christmas and Easter have been adopted and celebrated by non-Christian people who emphasise the secular rather than the religious aspects of the holidays.Islamic festival---Ramadan(斋月): a traditional Islamic festival, a fast (禁食) which lasts 29 days during which nothing can be eaten or drunk between dawn and nightfall, and ends with a festivalII. national holidays---the Queen’s birthday (one of Britain’s most impressive and color ful festivals) celebrated officially on the 2nd Saturday in June by “Trooping the Colour”---Trooping the Colour: an official celebration for the Queen’s Birthday on the 2nd Saturday in June around Buckingham Palace in London. This ceremony of the Queen inspecting her troops derives from old military traditions in which regimental(团的) flags were paraded before the monarch. Early in V ictoria’s(英国女王1819-1901) reign, it was decided that this ceremony should be held on the sovereign’s birthday.III. holidays in England---Bonfire Night /Guy Fawkes Night (篝火之夜/福克斯之夜): a truly English holiday celebrated on November 5. It originates from the 1605 Gunpowder Plot (火药阴谋事件)—a plan to blow up the British Parliament, kill the Protestant King and replace him with a Catholic king. People celebrate it by having public bonfires and fireworks. A str aw effigy called the “Guy”(one of the conspirator Guy Fawkes) is thrown on the bonfire. The biggest Bonfire Night celebration is held in Lewes (刘易斯：英格兰东南部城市)IV. holidays in Northern Ireland---the Orange March: Protestant celebration of their victory(William of Orange) over the exile Catholic king James II at the Battle of the Boyne (博因战役)(12 July) in 1690. This victory symbolizes the Protestant “right” to be in Ireland and the defeat of Catholicism as the national religion. On this day, the Protestant “Orangemen”(奥伦治会会员，1795年成立) march through the streets, wearing their traditional uniform. They sometimes will clash with the Catholic bystanders.--- St Patrick’s Day: it is on March 17 each year, when northern Irish Catholics celebrate the birthday of the patron saint of Ireland, St Patrick who was a Catholic bishop who lived in 5th C.and is thought to have brought Christianity to Ireland; drove snakes out of Ireland, and used shamrock (三叶草，爱尔兰的国花) to explain the Christian Trinity— the Father, Son, and Holy Spirit (圣父、圣子、圣灵合成一神). So, the shamrock is a popular symbol to wear on St Patrick’s Day, and it is also considered very lucky to wear something green.V. holidays in Scotland---Hogmanay (苏格兰的除夕,12月31日), in which one widely practiced custom is “first footing”first footing: a custom practiced on Hogmanay in Scotland. There is a superstitious belief that the first person to cross the threshold of a household in the New Y ear can bring luck andprosperity. First-footers often bring a bottle of spirits (烈酒，火酒), alcohol, a lump of coal or a peat（泥炭块）as a gift and are given a “dram (一杯) of whisky” as their reward.---the Burns Night: a celebration by Scottish people on the evening of the birthday (25 January ) of their most beloved national poet, Robert Burns. People celebrate it with suppers of haggis (肉陷羊肚)and whisky and Burn’s poems are recited throughout the evening.---Halloween (万圣节前夜:31 October) and traditions— It is a Scottish festival celebrated on 31 October each year. Communion (交流，恳谈)with the dead, mischief（恶作剧）, fortune-telling（算命）and masquerades（化妆舞会）are common practices. Some of the other customs are “turnip” lantern for children and girls using magic spells to see into future（用咒语占卜未来）.VI. holidays in WalesPoems written in the traditional Welsh language and style are governed by ancient codes and conventions which can be traced back to the Druids (德鲁伊特：古代凯尔特人中一批有学识的人，担任祭司、教师和法官等), who instituted rigid rules of composition to help them to correctly memorize and pass on poems and stories.---Eisteddfod (一年一度的威尔士诗歌音乐比赛会)：a popular festival of music-making and poetry-writing in August each year to celebrate the Welsh culture and language. During the festival, competitions are held to find the best choirs, translators, essayists and poets. The highlight is the crowning of the two bards who have written the best poems of the festival。

holiday和festival的区别

外教一对一holiday和festival的区别holiday来自于holy day(神圣的日子)，从词源上来说，是和宗教有关的。

该词本身强调是不用工作的假期，在BrE中还指vacation。

festival指有一定公众仪式和民俗活动的节日，但是不一定有放假，以及“人造”的节日。

如果你到网络上搜索，会发现“holidays and festivals”有时候是作为一个词组出现的。

有的日子既是holiday也是festival，比如Christmas;而有的只是festival，比如Teachers’ Day。

如果非要只用一个词来概括的话，则用holiday。

festival的词源：Middle English, from Anglo-French, from Latin festivus festivefestival的词义：1. a: a time of celebration marked by special observances b: feast 22. an often periodic celebration or program of events or entertainment having a specified focus | a daffodil festival,a Greek festivalholiday的词义：1: [holy day] an important Muslim holiday2: a day on which one is exempt from work; specifically : a day marked by a general suspension of work in commemoration of an event | will be closed for the July 4th holiday; a national holiday; plans for the holiday weekend外教一对一3: chiefly British : vacation — often used in the phrase on holiday | going on holiday — often used in plural | spent the summer holidays in Spain4: a period of exemption or relief | corporations enjoying a tax holiday。

英国传统节日文化介绍

4.Holy Saturday(圣星期六) Easter前一天
5.Easter一般每年春分后月圆第一个星期天，3.21左右
6.Good Friday(耶稣受难日) 复活节前的星期五
7.Ascension Day(耶稣升天节) Easter第40天之后的星期四,也称为Holy Thursday。 8.April Fool\‘s Day(愚人节) 每年4月1日
Close relatives and friends, at different ages, send small gifts to each other to express affection, promote the comity. A lot of stores in the United States sell this type of gift exclusively, such as chocolates in heart-shaped boxes, tulip nosegays tied with red satin, cards with lace or perfume as well.
9.Queen’s Birthday(女王诞辰日) 每年4月21日
10.May Day(五月节)
每年5月1日
monwealth Day(英联邦纪念日),每年5月24日 12.Queen’s Official Birthday(女王法定诞辰日),英国在6月10日或前一个星期六放假,以取代4月21日女王的生日。 13.Hallowe’en (万圣节前夕),每年10月31日 14.Guy Fakes Day (烟火节),每年的11月5日 15.Christmas Day (圣诞节),每年的12月25日 16.Childermas (婴儿殉教日),每年的12月28日, 纪念殉教幼儿的日子,也称Holy Innocents’Day。

英国节日介绍

The custom of an Easter egg hunt began because children believed that rabbits laid eggs in the grass.
Labor Day
Labor's Day is on May 1st. The Labor's Day is workers' holiday and workers can enjoy themselves to their heart's content. Many people choose to travel. And some others will go to the cinema. Some will go to parks. And
British holidays and festivals
contents:
1. 新年（New Year’s Day）：每年1 月1号。 2. 情人节（Valentine’s Day）：每年2月14日。 3.圣帕特里克节（St. Patrick’s Day）:每年3月17日。 4．耶酥受难日（Good Friday）：复活节前一周的星期五。(Before easter Friday of the week)
People celebrate this day by wearing green, having green food, and attending parades.
parade
Eating green
Wearing green
• 关于情人节的起源有许多种说法。有关人士认
为情人节是一个名叫桑特-瓦伦丁的人士发起的
。他是罗马人，因为拒绝放弃基督教而于公元

British festivals 英国节日

British FestivalsChristmasWhy do British people celebrate Christmas?Every year in December they celebrate the birthday of Jesus Christ. That is why we call this time of year 'Christmas' - they celebrate the 'Mass', or church service, for Christ.Where does the word Christmas come from?The word Christmas (or Christ's Mass) comes from the Old English name 'Cristes Maesse' - Christ's Mass - and is the celebration of the birth of Jesus. The first recorded observance occurred in Rome in AD360, but it wasn't until AD440 that the Christian Church fixed a celebration date of 25 December.How is Christmas Celebrated in Britain?Christmas is a truly magical season, bringing families and friends together to share the much loved customs and traditions which have been around for centuries. Most people are on holiday in the UK and stay at home with their family on Christmas day, the main day for Christmas celebrations in Britain.On what day is the main Christmas celebration in Britain?Christmas is celebrated on the 25th December, with a Christmas dinner at midday for the whole family.How do the British prepare for Christmas? During the weeks before Christmas Day, British people send cards, watch nativity plays and go to carol services. They put up Christmas decorations in their homes and churches.History of British Christmas Customs andTraditionsMany of the British Christmas customs began long before Jesus was born. They came fromearlier festivals which had nothing to do with the Christian church. Long time ago people had mid-winter festivals when the days were shortest and the sunlight weakest. They believed that their ceremonies would give the sun back its power. The Romans, for example, held the festival of Saturnalia around 25 December. They decorated their homes with evergreens to remind them of Saturn, their harvest god, to return the following spring. Some of these customs and traditions were adopted by early Christians as part of their celebrations of Jesus' birthday.In Victorian times some new ideas such as Father Christmas, Christmas cards and crackers were added to the celebrations.The Christmas Nativity PlayAt Christmas time, it is traditional for primary schools in Britain to put on a Nativity play. The Nativity Play recreates the scene of Jesus’ birth in the stable and tells of how Mary and Joseph were visited by the Shepherds and Wise Men. The parts of Mary, Joseph, theShepherds and the Wise Men are played by the children.Christmas PantomimesA pantomime is a traditional British Christmas play. They are an important part of Britain’s Christmas festivities. They are performed in theatres, village halls and community centres. Pantomimes contain a number of standard ingredients:•Cross dressing - In pantomimes the male roles are often played by women and female roles by men. This makes the audience laugh more.•Audience participa tion - an important part of a pantomime. "He's behind you", and "Oh no he's not - Oh yes he is" are heard in every pantomime across the country.Why do British people visit Pantomimes at Christmas?The origins of the pantomimes lie in the old Christmas mummers plays presented by an all-male casts in the great halls of manor houses. Every play had moral and always the extreme good defeated the extreme evil, much like what happens in pantomimes today. When do Pantomimes start?Pantomimes traditionally start on Boxing Day and run for two or three months in theatres around the country.The Queen’s Christmas MessageThe Queen's Christmas Message (or King's Christmas Message in the reign of a male monarch) is a broadcast made by the sovereign of the Commonwealth realms to the Commonwealth of Nations each Christmas. The tradition began in 1932 with a radio broadcast by King George V on the British Broadcasting Corporation Empire Service. Today, the message is read by QueenElizabeth II and broadcast on television, radio, and the Internet via various providers.Boxing DayWhen is Boxing Day?In Britain, Boxing Day is usually celebrated on the following day after Christmas Day, which is 26 December. However, strictly speaking, Boxing Day is the first weekday after Christmas.Like Christmas Day, Boxing Day is a public holiday. This means it is typically a non working day in the whole of Britain. When Boxing Day falls on a Saturday or Sunday the following Monday is the public holiday.Why is 26 December called Boxing Day? Traditionally, 26 December was the day to open the Christmas Box to share the contents with the poor.What is a Christmas Box?The Christmas box was a wooden or clay container where people placed gifts.History of Boxing Day - Boxing Day origins Through our research for this page, we have discovered that Christmas Boxes were used in different ways:1. To protect ships. During the Age ofExploration, when great sailing ships were setting off to discover new land, AChristmas Box was used as a good luckdevice. It was a small container placed on each ship while it was still in port. It wasput there by a priest, and those crewmenwho wanted to ensure a safe return would drop money into the box. It was thensealed up and kept on board for the entire voyage. If the ship came home safely, the box was handed over to the priest in theexchange for the saying of a Mass ofthanks for the success of the voyage. The Priest would keep the box sealed untilChristmas when he would open it to share the contents with the poor.2. To help the poor. An 'Alms Box' wasplaced in every church on Christmas Day, into which worshippers placed a gift forthe poor of the parish. These boxes werealways opened the day after Christmas,which is why that day became know asBoxing Day.3. A present for the workers. Many poorlypaid workers were required to work onChristmas Day and took the following day off to visit their families. As they preparedto leave, their employers would presentthem with Christmas boxes. During thelate 18th century, Lords and Ladies of the manor would "box up" their leftover food,or sometimes gifts and distribute them the day after Christmas to tenants who livedand worked on their lands.The tradition of giving money to workers still continues today. It is customary for householders to give small gifts or monetary tips to regular visiting trades people (the milkman, dustman, coalman, paper boy etc.)and, in some work places, for employers to give a Christmas bonus to employees. Schools across the country gather together gifts to be put in Christmas Boxes that are sent to poorer countries.EasterWhat is Easter?Easter is the most important Christian festival. Christians are followers of Jesus Christ who lived about 2000 years ago in a country called Palestine. They believe that Jesus was the son of God. At Easter time Christians remember the last week of Jesus' life.Easter Day is always on a Sunday but the date varies unlike Christmas, which is always on 25 December. Many years ago Christians decided that Easter Day always be on the Sunday following the first full moon after the first day of Spring, around 21 March. Thismeans that Easter can be as early as 22 March or as late as 25 April.How did Easter get its name?Long before Jesus was born some people in Europe worshipped the Goddess of Spring, who had the name 'Eostre'. They thought that the sun died in winter and was born again in Spring. They thought the goddess brought the spring and with it the sun would get stronger. Some believe that Easter got its name from her.Easter TraditionsMaundy ThursdayMaundy Thursday is the Thursday before Easter. Christians remember it as the day of the Last Supper, when Jesus washed the feet of his disciples and established the ceremony known as the Eucharist. The word Maundy" comes from the French word, "Mande," meaning "command" or "mandate” and is taken from the command given by Christ atthe Last Supper, "love one another as I have loved you.”In Britain, the Queen takes part in the Ceremony of the Royal Maundy, which dates back to Edward 1. This involves the distribution of Maundy Money to deserving senior citizens (one man and one woman for each year of the sovereign's age), usually chosen for having done service to their community.Good FridayOn the Friday before Easter, Christians commemorate the crucifixion of Jesus Christ. It is a day of mourning in church and special Good Friday services are held where Christians meditate on Jesus's suffering and death on the cross, and what this means for their faith.Symbols of EasterMany of the symbols and traditions of Easter are connected with renewal, birth, good luck and fertility.The CrossOf course as it is a Christian festival one of the main symbols is a cross, often on a hill. When Jesus was crucified, the cross became a symbol of suffering. Then with the resurrection, Christians saw it as a symbol of victory over death. In A.D. 325, Constantine issued a decree at the Council of Nicaea, that the Cross would be the official symbol of Christianity.PalmsThe week of Easter begins on Palm Sunday. Why Palm Sunday? Well, in Roman times it was customary to welcome royalty by waving palm branches, a bit like a ticker-tape parade. So, when Jesus arrived in Jerusalem on whatis now known as Palm Sunday, people welcomed him with palm branches carpeting the streets and waving them. Today, on Palm Sunday, Christians carry palm branches in parades, and make them into crosses and garlands to decorate the Church.Easter EggsEaster eggs are a very old tradition going to a time before Christianity. Eggs after all are a symbol of spring and new life.Exchanging and eating Easter eggs is a popular custom in many countries. In the UK before they were replaced by chocolate Easter eggs real eggs were used, in most cases, chicken eggs. The eggs were hard-boiled and dyed in various colors and patterns. The traditionally bright colours represented spring and light. Sadly, nowadays if you gave a child in Britain a hard-boiled egg on Easter Sunday, you would probably end up wearing it! An older more traditional game is one in which real eggs are rolled against one another or down a hill. The owner of the egg that stayed uncracked the longest won. Even today in the north of England, for example as at Preston inLancashire, they still carry out the custom of egg rolling. Hard boiled eggs are rolled down slopes to see whose egg goes furthest. In other places another game is played. You hold an egg in the palm of the hand and bang against your opponent's egg. The loser is the one whose egg breaks first.Nowadays people give each other Easter eggs made of chocolate, usually hollow and filled with sweets. On TV you will see adverts for Cadbury's Creme Eggs, a very sweet confectionery. The catchphrase for the adverts is "How do you eat yours?" And Britain children hunt for (chocolate) Easter eggs hidden about the home or garden by the Easter bunny.The Easter BunnyRabbits, due to their fecund nature, have always been a symbol of fertility.The Easter bunny (rabbit) however may actually be an Easter hare. The hare was allegedly a companion of the ancient Moon goddess and of Eostre.Strangely the bunny as an Easter symbol seems to have it's origins in Germany, where it was first mentioned in German writings in the 16th Century. The first edible Easter bunnies appeared in Germany during the early 1800s, they were made of pastry and sugar.In the UK children believe that if they are good the "Easter Bunny " will leave (chocolate) eggs for them.Sadly hare hunting (hare coursing) used to be a common pastime at Easter. But this might please some of the more fundamentalist Christians, who consider the fluffy fellow to be unchristian.Morris DancingMorris dancing is a traditional English form of folk dance which is also performed in other English-speaking countries such as the USA and Australia. The roots of morris dancing seem to be very old, probably dating back to the Middle Ages.In the dance men dress up in costumes with hats and ribbons and bells around their ankles. They dance through the streets and one man often carries an inflated pigs bladder on the end of a stick. He will run up to young women in the street and hit them over the head with the pigs bladder, this is supposed to be lucky (men)!Dressing Up For EasterEaster was once a traditional day for getting married, that may be why people often dress up for Easter. Women would make and wear special Easter bonnets - decorated with flowers and ribbons. Even today in Battersea in London there is a special Easter Parade, where hand-made bonnets are shown off.Hot Cross BunsHot cross buns, now eaten throughout the Easter season, were first baked in England to be served on Good Friday. These small, lightly sweet yeast buns contain raisins or currants and sometimes chopped candied fruit.Before baking, a cross is slashed in the top of the bun. After baking, a confectioners' sugar icing is used to fill the cross.T rooping the Colour (The Queen’sBirthday Parade)The Sovereign's birthday is officially celebrated by the ceremony of Trooping the Colour on a Saturday in June. Although The Queen was born on 21 April, it has long been the tradition to celebrate the Sovereign's birthday publicly on a day in the summer, when good weather is more likely.Other British FestivalsBonfire night RemembranceSundayOn 5 November 1605, Guy Fawkes, a member of the Gunpowder Plot, was arrested while guarding explosives the plotters had placed beneath the House of Lords to kill King James I. Bonfire night celebrates the fact that King James I had survived the attempt on his life.Remembrance Sunday is held at 11am on the Sunday closest to 11 November to remember all those who died fighting for Britain. 11 November is Armistice Day, the day WW1 ended.Class discussionWhat are the similarities and differences between festivals in Britain and China? Compare the celebrations – what do they commemorate and how they are celebrated?。

英美概况课后练习答案

Britain version2.0Part One Geography Chapter I A brief introduction tophysical geographyWhere is the U. K. ? And what is it made up of? What is its total area?- The U.K. is situated in Northwestern Europe, lying to the north of France and the west of the Netherlands and Denmark. It is made up of England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland. Its total area is 242 534 square kilometers.What are the present features of the climate of Britain?- Britain has a maritime c1imate-- winters are not too cold and summers are: not too hot. Therefore, its temperature varies within a small range, rarely falling below -5'C in winter or rising about 24'C in summer. Sunshine hours are fewer in more southerlyclimatesThe "backbone of England": It refers to the Pennines, a range of hills extending about 257 km southward from the Cheviot Hills on the Scottish border to central England.What percentage of the country's water requirements are obtained from underground sources?- About 38% of the country's water requirements depend on underground sources.Chapter III EconomyWhat are the characteristics of the British economy?- The British economy was the first to have been fully industrialized. Britain was one of the world's most advanced manufacturing and trading nations. The pound sterling is the exchange currency for about one third of the world'sforeign trade. The agriculture does not produce enough food to meet the country's basic needs and part of all vital foodstuffs has to be imported. The labor force is homogeneous.Chapter V The Main Cities Which city is the capital of England and Great Britain? Is it the political centre of the Commonwealth?- London is the capital of England, and it is also the political centre of the Commonwealth.What does London consist of administratively?- London administratively consists of the city of London, the original nucleus, retaining a medieval system of government of courts of aldermen and an elected lord mayor; and Greater London a metropolitan county, made up of Inner London boroughs and 20 Outer London boroughs.Greater London: It is a metropolitan county (pop. 7 million), made up of 12 Inner London boroughs, 20 Outer London boroughs.Part Three CultureChapter I EducationHow many years does a pupil study at a primary state school?- Six years, from the age of five to eleven.Which type of schools enrolls the top pupils at secondary education?- Grammar schools enrolls the top pupils at secondary education.How many types of universities are there in Britain? Which two universities are the most famous ones? - There are five types: 1) old universities, 2) the four Scottish universities, 3): the middle-aged universities, 4) the new universities, 5) the Open University, and BuckinghamUniversity (independent university). Oxford and Cambridge are the oldest and the most famous in the world. How are" public" schools financed?- Public schools in the UK are financed mainly by fees paid by parents and private funds.Eton College: It is one of the largest independent secondary schools in England and one of the most prestigious.How do you understand "Marriage signifies the beginning of a new and independent family"?- British society is based on family life and the family is a self-contained economic and social unit with mother, father and children living together alone in their own house. So marriage signifies the beginning of a new and independent family.How do the newlyweds solve theproblem of housing?- 1) They look through advertisements to find a house for rent. 2) They may mortgage a house through a building society. 3) If they have enough money they may buy a house, but this seldom happens.What is the first course of an English lunch? Do you think it similar or different from the Chinese way of serving food?- The first course of an English lunch is a small quantity of soup. It is different from the Chinese way of serving food. In China this is usually the last course. Can you show us an example of the conservative characteristic of the British people?- One example is that the British people have been slow adopting rational reforms, such as the metric system. Some people say that the Englishman islike a cold fish that has just come out of the ice. What do you think of that?- This may be true. The British people are cold by nature. They do not show their feelings very much and do not show their emotion if they are very happy and neither do they if they are sad. For example, when you work at a factory, the guy whom you work with never tells you anything about himself. You may work with him for years, yet you even don't know where he lives, how many children he has and what his interests are.fierce individualism: It is the idea that the rights and freedom of the individual are the most important rights. exclusiveness: This is the best-known quality of the British people. It means, " I am English. You stay away from me.I am exclusive. I am quite happy to be: myself. I do not need you. Leave mealone. "Chapter III Customs and Habits What did John Bull denote in the seventeenth century and what is his image?- John Bull denotes Britain or any Englishman in the 17th century. His image is short and fat, with a tall hat on his head and pair of boots on his feet. Why does an Englishman like to talk about the weather?- There are probably two reasons. One is the uncertainty of the weather. Another reason is that weather is a subject which is quite safe, friendly to talk. about.What are the three "Don'ts"? And three "ings"?- Three "Don'ts": Don't jump up the queue. Don't ask a woman's age. Don't try to bargain in Britain when you do shopping.Three" Ings": betting, drinking and tipping.J ohn Bull: It is the nickname of England or a typical Englishman. Chapter IV Holidays and Festivals How long approximately do the industrial workers have for holidays?- The industrial workers have at least four weeks' paid holiday.How do the English people usually spend holidays?- They usually spend their holidays at the resorts of the seaside. There they have swimming, bathing, or have other kinds of amusement, such as shooting, roundabouts, watching a beauty contest, going to a concert or a party. And some of the people go abroad for sightseeing. What festival is the greatest in Britain? What is its significance and at what time is it celebrated?- Christmas Day is the greatest festivalin Britain. Its significance• is to commemorate the birth of Jesus Christ which is on December 25. Christmas: Christmas Day is on December 25, which is the greatest of the Christian festivals, commemorating it as the birth of Jesus Christ. It is basically, a home or family festival. Those who live away try to get back home to: celebrate the day with the family. People send presents; cards to each other especially children have their presents from Santa Claus. People usually have al sumptuous dinner, many kinds of amusement.Chapter V Wages and Social Benefits How long is the standard working week usually in Britain?- The standard working week is usually thirty-five and forty hours, and often spread over five days, from Monday to Friday.What is the difference between wages and Salary?- Wages is payment made or received for work or services, usually week in cash. Salary is payment for regular work, usually monthly.How many kinds of pensions in the United Kingdom?- There are mainly six kinds of pensions in the United Kingdom. They are Occupational Pension, Personal Pension, State Pension, Pension Credit, Over 80 Pension and Stakeholder Pension.What are the three main groups of Christianity? Which group does the Church of England belong to?- The three groups of Christianity are Catholicism, the Orthodox Eastern Church, and Protestantism. The Church of England belongs to Protestantism.What are the main features and tendencies of religion in Britain?- The main features are: 1) There is no "Christian" political party, no anti-religious or anti-clerical party either. 2) There is a widespread interest in religion. The main tendencies of religion in Britain are 1) the unity among the churches, 2) more social, 3) up-to-date.What are Crown's constitutional rights? - The Queen appointed all ministers in the Government. She summons, prologues and dissolves Parliament. She concludes treaties and declares war. In the new session she makes the opening speech and outlines her government's programme. She gives her assent to bills before they become law. She confers peerages and other honors.What is the core of the leadership ofthe British government?- The Cabinet is the core of the leadership of the British government. What does the Cabinet consist of?- The Cabinet consists of the Prime Minister, the Lord President of the Privy council, the heads of the most important Departments and a few ministers without portfolios.。

五年级下册英语1到4单元知识点

五年级下册英语1到4单元知识点Unit 1: Holidays and festivals1. Vocabulary:- Holiday: A day when people do not go to work or school because of a special occasion.- Festival: A special time or event when people gather to celebrate something.- Celebrate: To do something special or enjoyable because of a special occasion.- Parade: A public celebration where people walk or drive along a route.- Costume: Special clothes that people wear for a party or festival.2. Grammar:- Present Simple Tense: Used to talk about habits, routines, facts, and general truths.- Adverbs of frequency: (Always, usually, often, sometimes, rarely, never) Used to show how often something happens.- Wh-questions: Questions that start with words like who, what, where, when, why, and how.3. Skills:- Reading: Understand different types of holidays and festivals around the world (e.g., Christmas, Thanksgiving, Chinese New Year).- Listening: Listen to conversations about holiday plans, traditions, and activities.- Speaking: Talk about favorite holidays and festivals and discuss how they are celebrated.- Writing: Write sentences and short paragraphs about holiday customs and traditions.Unit 2: Travelling1. Vocabulary:- Trip: A journey to a place and back again.- Journey: The act of traveling from one place to another.- Route: A way or course taken in getting from a starting point to a destination.- Vehicle: A machine that transports people or goods.- Sightseeing: To visit places of interest in a city or region.2. Grammar:- Present Continuous Tense: Used to talk about actions happening at the moment of speaking.- Imperatives: Commands or orders used to give instructions.- Prepositions of place: (In, on, at, by) Used to show the position or location of something.3. Skills:- Reading: Understand different types of transportation and travel destinations.- Listening: Listen to dialogues about booking tickets, planning trips, and giving directions.- Speaking: Describe travel experiences, ask for information, and give advice about traveling.- Writing: Write emails or postcards describing a recent trip, including details about accommodation, transportation, and sightseeing.Unit 3: Weather and seasons1. Vocabulary:- Weather: The condition of the atmosphere at a particular place and time.- Season: One of the four periods of the year (spring, summer, autumn, winter).- Temperature: How hot or cold the air is.- Forecast: A prediction of the weather in the future.- Sunny, cloudy, rainy, snowy: Different types of weather conditions.2. Grammar:- Present Continuous Tense: Used to talk about temporary actions happening now.- Comparative adjectives: (Bigger, smaller, hotter, colder) Used to compare two things.- Superlative adjectives: (The biggest, the smallest, the hottest, the coldest) Used to compare three or more things.3. Skills:- Reading: Understand the characteristics of each season and how they affect the weather.- Listening: Listen to weather forecasts, descriptions of seasons, and discussions about dressing for the weather.- Speaking: Talk about favorite seasons, describe typical weather in different seasons, and discuss clothing choices for different weather conditions.- Writing: Write short essays about favorite seasons, create weather forecasts, and describe seasonal activities and events.Unit 4: Animals and habitats1. Vocabulary:- Habitat: The natural home or environment of an animal, plant, or other organism.- Endangered: Threatened with extinction or destruction.- Species: A group of living organisms capable of interbreeding.- Predators: Animals that hunt and kill other animals for food.- Herbivores, carnivores, omnivores: Different types of animals based on their diet.2. Grammar:- Present Simple Tense: Used to talk about habits, routines, facts, and general truths.- Countable and uncountable nouns: Countable nouns can be counted (e.g., animals, trees), while uncountable nouns cannot be counted (e.g., water, air).- How much/many: Used to ask about the quantity of something (how much for uncountable nouns, how many for countable nouns).3. Skills:- Reading: Understand different types of animals and their habitats, including endangered species.- Listening: Listen to descriptions of animals, their behaviors, and their relationships with other animals.- Speaking: Talk about favorite animals, habitats, animal conservation, and animal-related activities.- Writing: Write reports about endangered animals, create posters about animal habitats, and describe animal behaviors and characteristics.。

Holidays and Festivals in UK 英国的节日和假期

• You can explore your cottage
UK Hotel Breaks and Travel in the UK
• Take a UK Hotel Break to a city or the country. Perhaps a Theatre Break in London, maybe by rail or coach. Maybe you want to build an Event Break around a sporting event or a concert? How about treating the family to a Theme Park Break at one of the leading attractions in the UK? Or pamper your self on a Spa Break.
•
Holidays and Notable Special Days in Great Britain
• January • 1st New Year's Day
• 5th Twefth Night • February • 1st Candlemas Day 圣烛节 • 14th Valentine‘s Day 情人节
• December • Advent 基督降临 • 25th Christmas • 26th Boxing Day
How to spend the holidays
Canal Holidays in the UK
• Take a UK canal holiday on the canals of England, Wales, Scotland and Ireland. Cruise scenic country and historic townscapes bye Holidays in the UK or

英美国家概况Unit10Sports,HolidaysandFestivalsinBritai

英美国家概况Unit10Sports,HolidaysandFestivalsinBritai英美国家概况参考译文翻译Unit 10 Sports, Holidays and Festivals in Britain(英国的体育运动、节假日)一、本单元重点内容Sports体育:1. football (足球), “Football hooligans” (“足球流氓”) and the FA (足球协会)2. tennis (网球) and Wimbledon (温布尔登)3. cricket and “fair play” （板球与“公平竞争”思想）4. golf (高尔夫球)5. horse racing (赛马): the Grand National {（英国一年一度的）全国越野障碍赛马}the Royal Ascot (皇家阿斯科特赛马会)Holidays and Festivals节假日:1. Christmas (圣诞节) and Three traditions of Christmas (圣诞节的三大传统习俗)2. The Boxing Day and its traditions (节礼日(圣诞节后的第一个工作日)和其传统习俗)3. Easter (复活节)4. Bonfire Night (Guy Fawkes Night) and the traditions{篝火之夜(盖伊福克斯之夜)和其传统习俗}5. The Battle of the Boyne (博茵河战役)6. Orange Marches (“奥伦治游行”)7. St Patrick’s Day (圣帕特里克节) and The Christian Trinity (基督教的三位一体)8. Hogmanay (苏格兰的除夕)9. Burns Night (彭斯之夜)10. Halloween (万圣节前夜)11. The Eisteddfod (威尔士诗歌音乐比赛会)二、本单元重、难点辅导Sports1. football and “football hooligans" in BritainFootball was invented in Britain.（足球运动起源于英国。

英国生活英语英语作文

英国生活英语英语作文Living in Britain offers a unique blend of history, tradition, and modernity that is reflected in the everyday life of its residents. This essay aims to provide an insight into the British lifestyle, focusing on aspects such as social norms, food, and leisure activities that are quintessentially English.Social Norms and EtiquetteThe British are known for their politeness and adherence to social etiquette. Queuing is a way of life, and it is considered rude to push in or not wait your turn. Whengreeting someone, a firm handshake is standard, and directeye contact is expected. It's also common to apologize frequently, even for minor inconveniences, which is areflection of the British culture's emphasis on politeness.Weather and ConversationThe weather is a staple topic of conversation in Britain, largely due to its unpredictable nature. It's not uncommonfor the weather to change rapidly within a single day, providing ample material for small talk. Discussing the weather is a safe and neutral way to initiate conversation, especially with strangers.Tea CultureNo discussion of British lifestyle would be complete without mentioning the beloved beverage: tea. It's more than just a drink; it's a cultural institution. From afternoon tea in a fancy hotel to a cuppa at home, tea is a daily ritual formany Brits. It's often accompanied by biscuits (cookies) andis a symbol of hospitality.Food and DiningBritish cuisine has evolved significantly over the years, incorporating influences from around the world. Traditional meals include breakfast with eggs, bacon, sausages, and black pudding, and the classic Sunday roast. Fish and chips, astaple of British street food, is still a popular choice. Dining out is a common leisure activity, with a wide range of restaurants offering diverse cuisines.Leisure and SportsThe British love their sports, with football (soccer) beingthe most popular. Attending matches or watching them in pubsis a significant part of the social scene. Other sports like rugby, cricket, and tennis also have a strong following. For leisure, the British enjoy visiting pubs, going to the cinema, and exploring the countryside, which is often depicted in picturesque landscapes.Education and LiteratureEducation holds a high status in British society, with astrong emphasis on academic achievement. The country is also renowned for its literary heritage, with famous authors like William Shakespeare, Jane Austen, and more recently, J.K. Rowling, contributing to its rich cultural tapestry.Holidays and FestivalsBritish holidays and festivals are a mix of the traditional and the modern. Christmas is celebrated with much fanfare,and events like the Notting Hill Carnival and Glastonbury Festival are examples of modern celebrations that have become integral parts of British culture.In conclusion, the British lifestyle is a fascinating blendof old and new, with a strong sense of identity and tradition. From the importance of etiquette to the love for tea and sports, life in Britain offers a rich cultural experiencethat is both warm and welcoming.。

英国的节日和假期作文英语

The United Kingdom is a country rich in history and tradition,and this is reflected in its numerous festivals and holidays.These occasions provide a glimpse into the cultural heritage of the country and are celebrated with great enthusiasm by the British people. Here is an overview of some of the most significant festivals and holidays in the UK:1.New Years Day1st January:This is the first day of the year and is celebrated with fireworks,parties,and parades.Many people make resolutions for the year ahead.2.Valentines Day14th February:A day dedicated to love and affection,where people exchange cards,flowers,and chocolates with their partners.3.St.Patricks Day17th March:Although primarily an Irish celebration,it is also observed in the UK with parades and festivities,especially in areas with a significant Irish population.4.Easter Variable Date:This Christian holiday celebrates the resurrection of Jesus Christ and is marked by a long weekend.Traditional Easter activities include egg hunts and hot cross buns.5.May Day1st May:A traditional spring festival with customs such as dancing around the Maypole and celebrating with flowers.6.Spring Bank Holiday Last Monday in May:A public holiday in England,Wales,and Northern Ireland,often associated with outdoor activities and the beginning of summer.7.Trooping the Colour June:A military ceremony to celebrate the Queens official birthday,featuring a parade and a flypast by the Royal Air Force.8.Guy Fawkes Night5th November:Also known as Bonfire Night,this holiday commemorates the failed Gunpowder Plot of1605.It is celebrated with bonfires and fireworks.9.Christmas25th December:A major Christian holiday celebrating the birth of Jesus, with traditions such as decorating the Christmas tree,exchanging gifts,and enjoying a festive meal.10.Boxing Day26th December:The day after Christmas,traditionally a day for giving gifts to service workers and those in need.11.Hogmanay31st December:The Scottish New Years Eve celebration,known for itsstreet parties and fireworks.12.Bank Holidays:In addition to the specific celebrations,the UK has several bank holidays throughout the year,which are public holidays when most businesses are closed. These include Easter Monday,Early May Bank Holiday,and Boxing Day.Each of these festivals and holidays is an opportunity for the British to come together and celebrate their shared history and culture.They are also occasions for tourists to experience the vibrant atmosphere and unique traditions of the United Kingdom.。

中英文化差异英语作文

When comparing the cultures of China and the United Kingdom,one can observe a myriad of differences that stem from their distinct histories,philosophies,and societal values.Here are some key aspects where the two cultures diverge:munication Styles:In Chinese culture,communication tends to be more indirect and contextdependent,with an emphasis on maintaining harmony and saving face.British communication,on the other hand,is often more direct,with a preference for clarity and straightforwardness.2.Social Etiquette:Chinese society places a strong emphasis on respect for elders and hierarchy,which is often reflected in social interactions and business settings.In contrast, British etiquette,while still valuing politeness and decorum,tends to be more relaxed and less formal,especially in informal settings.3.Family Values:The Chinese culture is deeply rooted in the importance of family and filial piety,where children are expected to respect and care for their parents.In the UK, while family is also important,there is a greater emphasis on individualism and independence from a younger age.cation:Chinese education is often characterized by a rigorous and competitive academic environment,with a strong focus on rote learning and highstakes examinations. British education tends to encourage creativity,critical thinking,and a more holistic approach to learning.5.Work Ethic:The Chinese work culture is known for its long hours and a strong dedication to work,often with less emphasis on worklife balance.British workers typically enjoy a better balance between work and personal life,with a culture that values leisure time and a healthy worklife balance.6.Cuisine:Chinese cuisine is incredibly diverse,with a focus on flavor,texture,and the balance of ingredients.It often involves the use of chopsticks and a shared dining style where dishes are placed in the center of the table for everyone to share.British cuisine, while less diverse,is known for its comfort foods such as fish and chips,and meals are typically served individually with the use of a knife and fork.7.Holidays and Festivals:Chinese festivals are deeply rooted in traditions and often have religious or historical significance,such as the Spring Festival Chinese New Year and the MidAutumn Festival.British holidays and festivals,while also having historical roots,are often more secular and include events like Christmas,Easter,and Guy Fawkes Night.8.Attitude Towards Time:In China,punctuality is highly valued,and being late is considered disrespectful.In the UK,while punctuality is also important,there is a bit more flexibility,and being a few minutes late is generally more acceptable.9.Business Practices:Chinese business practices often involve building longterm relationships and trust,which can lead to a slower decisionmaking process.British business practices tend to be more transactional and focused on efficiency,with a quicker pace of decisionmaking.10.Religion and Spirituality:China has a mix of religious beliefs,including Buddhism, Taoism,and Confucianism,with a significant number of people identifying as nonreligious.The UK has a Christian majority,but secularism is also widespread,and religious diversity is increasingly recognized.Understanding these cultural differences is crucial for effective communication and collaboration between people from China and the UK.It also enriches the experience of those who travel or work in either country,allowing for a deeper appreciation of the unique cultural nuances that define each society.。

UK

The climate of UKNorth Atlantic Drift(北大西洋暖流)plenty of rainfall Humidity & fogNational flower：RoseNational bird：红胸鸽(redbreast/robin)The MonarchyI. The United Kingdom is a constitutional monarchy, the head of state is a king or a queen.II. The monarch actually has no real power. The monarch’s power are limited by law and Parliament. Constitutional monarchy began after the Glorious Revolution in 1688.The Literature of Great Britain•英国文学源远流长，经历了长期、复杂的发展演变过程。

在这个过程中，文学本体以外的各种现实的、历史的、政治的、文化的力量对文学发生着影响，文学内部遵循自身规律，历经盎格鲁—撒克逊、文艺复兴、新古典主义、浪漫主义、现实主义、现代主义等不同历史阶段。

•一、中世纪文学（约5世纪—1485）•二、文艺复兴时期文学（15世纪后期—17世纪初）•三、17世纪文学•四、启蒙时期文学（17世纪后期—18世纪中期）•五、浪漫主义时期文学（1798—1832）•六、现实主义时期文学（19世纪30年代-1918）•七、现代主义文学时期（1918-1945）•八、当代文学（1945—）Four Tragedies :《哈姆莱特》(Hamlet),《奥赛罗》(Othello),2）or prepare to sit university entrance exams;3）or concentrate on vocational training---GNVQs (General National V ocational Qualifications 国家专业资格证书): the vocational equivalent of A-levels4. Higher education---only one privately funded university:The University of Buckingham---oldest universities: Oxford (12th C.) and Cambridge (13th C.)* the first degree (the Bachelor’s degree) courses are mainly full time and last 3 years, except in Scotland where they take 4 years* In Oxford and Cambridge the BA converts to an MA several years (generally 4 years) later, upon payment of a fee英国学位可分为学士学位(Bachelor Degree)、硕士学位(Master Degree) 和博士学位(Doctor of Philosophy)。

英美概论考试复习题

英美概论考试复习题The Society & Culture of Major English-speaking Countries英语国家社会与⽂化The UK1. What are the four nations which make up of the UK?这四个国家是什么构成的英国吗England, Scotland, Wales, and Northern Ireland2. The UK maintain links with its former colonial countries through a loose andvoluntary organization called ___________.英国保持联系前殖民国家通过宽松、⾃愿组织称British Commonwealth英联邦3. But more important today to consider modern Britain’s role in its internationalrelations is to emphasize its role as a member of _____但更重要的是今天考虑现代英国年代作⽤的国际关系是强调其⾓⾊的成员European Union欧洲联盟，欧盟4. What are the main religions in the UK? 什么是主要宗教在英国吗Anglicanism (英国国教), Catholicism天主教；天主教义, Christianism耶稣教；基督教, and others (e.g. Islam).5. British history has been a history of invasions. Can you list the invaders fromthe first to the last? 英国的历史上⼀直是侵略的历史。