中考英语语法专题之名词

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初中英语语法名词-初三中考复习均可用附练习及详细讲解

1.名词（n.）：名词用来表示人、事物或抽象概念，如：boy 男孩，morning 早晨，duty 责任；在句子中主要作主语、表语、宾语、补足语、同位语、定语等。

例如：The tomatoes on the table are very fresh. 桌子上的西红柿很新鲜。

（作主语）He is a doctor. 他是个医生。

（作表语）We’ll call the baby Mary. 我们要给这个婴儿取名玛丽。

（作宾语补足语）英语的名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。

表示可以计数的事物的名词叫可数名词，一般有单数和复数形式两种形式，但有时两种形式是相同的。

可数名词单数形式可以与不定冠词连用，例如：a book（一本书）；an apple （一个苹果）。

可数名词复数形式可以与few，a few，many，several等连用，例如：a few girls。

不可数名词是表示不可以计数的事物的名词，不能用不定冠词a（an）或数词one修饰，并且不分单复数，物质名词、抽象名词和专有名词一般都是不可数的，例如：milk （牛奶）；education（教育）。

2. 可数名词的单数变为复数的规则：（1）一般情况下，在可数名词的单数形式后面加字母-s构成复数形式。

例如：book －books pen －pens eraser －erasers（2）以字母x；s；ch；sh结尾的单词，其复数形式是在单词后面加字母-es。

例如：bus －buses box －boxes watch －watches（3）以辅音字母＋ｙ结尾的可数名词，其复数形式是把字母ｙ变为i再加-es。

例如：baby －babies country－countries city －cities注意：如果是以元音字母＋y结尾的单词则直接加字母-s。

例如：boy －boys toy－toys（4）以字母f或者fe结尾的可数名词，其复数形式是先把字母f变为v再加-es。

中考英语语法讲解(1)——名词

初中中考英语语法专题讲解名词要点归纳1．名词——表示人或事物的名称或抽象概念的词。

2．名词的分类：专有名词：表示的是某一特定的人、事物、地方、团体、党派、国家机关、语言、节日等专有的名称。

例：China, Chinese, Sunday, May, Smith, Christmas, Shanghai等。

专有名词书写时首字母一定要大写。

普通名词：表示某一类人或事物，或某种物体或抽象概念的名称。

如：teacher, blackboard, shipschool, family, meat, water, duty, work等。

可数名词：表示的人或事物可以用数来计量，有单数与复数两种形式。

例如：glass, man, bird,desk, book等。

不可数名词：所表示的事物不能用数来计量。

物质名词与抽象名词一般无法有数目计量，都称为不可数名词。

一般只用单数形式，不能在前面加a或an来表示数量。

例如：paper, rice, water, milk, tea等。

3.名词的数可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。

单数表示一个人或事物，复数表示一个以上的人或事物。

名词单数变复数的形式有规则变化与不规则变化之区别。

4.有关名词数的几个注意事项1.以s sh ch x 结尾的词，加es 如：buses dishes watches boxes2.元音字母o结尾的词，特别是常用词，有生命+es, 无生命+s. 如:Heroes, potatoes, omatoes, hippoes,Photos, videos, radios, pianos以oo结尾的不管有无生命都加s 如zoos.3.以f,fe结尾的词1) 通常变f 为v，再加-es。

如：half—halves, leaf—leaves, wife—wiveslife—lives等2）下列词只加s如: roofs，chiefs3) 有些词加s或es均可.如: scarf, handkerchief等4. 不规则复数形式1）改变元音字母。

中考英语语法复习名词代词数词冠词和介词

第一讲名词一、名词的定义名词是表示人、事、物、地点以及抽象概念的词。

二、名词的分类（一）专有名词和普通名词名词根据其意义分为普通名词和专有名词1、专有名词是表示特定的人或事物名称的词。

如：Peter, Snow White, Sunday, April,Christmas Day, China, Changsha, the Great Wall, the WTO, West Street...2、凡不属于特定的人或事物的名称的词，叫普通名词。

如：desk, book , people, air, interest,idea...（二）可数名词和不可数名词名词根据是否能够用数字来计算，可以分为可数名词和不可数名词。

1、可数名词复数的变化规则a．一般情况下，直接加-s，如：book-books, bag-bags, cat-cats, bed-beds ；b．以s. x. sh. ch结尾，加-es，如：bus-buses, box-boxes, brush-brushes,watch-watches；c．以“辅音字母+y”结尾，变y为i,再加-es，如：family-families, city-cities ；d．以“f或fe”结尾，变f或fe为v,再加-es，如：wife- wives, knife-knives,wolf -wolves, leaf-leaves ；e．以“o”结尾的词，分两种情况1）__________+es 如：mango-mangoes tomato-tomatoes hero-heroes2) ___________+s 如：photo-photos radio-radiosf. 不规则名词复数：man-men, woman-women, policeman-policemen,policewoman-policewomen, snowman-snowmen, child-children, foot-feet,tooth-teeth, mouse-mice, goose-geese单复数同形:fish-fish deer -deer sheep -sheep people(人们）-people Chinese-Chinese Japanese-Japanese（中日不变英法变，其余后面加s)Englishman-____________________, Frenchman-_________________Russian=_____________________ American-__________________2、复合名词变复数boy student-boy students man doctor-men doctors3、不可数名词◆不可数名词没有复数形式，如：tea,,meat.◆不可数名词不可以被基数词和不定冠词（a/an）直接修饰，若要表示数量，就得在数词和不可数名词之间加上“量词+of”。

中考英语重点知识归纳名词

中考英语重点知识归纳名词阿舍姐姐来了，朋友们，搬板凳，认真听讲，敲黑板，开始讲。

名词( Noun)表示人、事物、地点或抽象概念名称的词叫做名词。

它是中考考查的重要项目之一，考查的题型很多, 有单项选择、完成句子、完形填空、综合填空等, 其中名词的数及名词所有格是中考热点。

阿希学姐15年从教经验教你「课文」+「发音」+「单词」+「语法」+「考试技巧」=〔100%〕通过「考试/考证」→【阿希英语】01名词的数1).可数名词的数:可数名词有单数和复数两种形式。

表示一个人或物用单数形式;表示两个或两个以上的人或物用复数形式。

(1)规则名词的复数形式：①一般在词尾加s。

如:lake--lakes, book--books, pen--pens, map--maps, flower--flowers, ruler--rulers.②以s, x, sh, ch结尾的名词加es。

如: box--boxes, class--classes, dish--dishes, watch--watches③以辅音字母+y结尾的名词，将y变i再加es。

但以元音字母+ y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加S。

如:family--families, baby--babies, boy--boys, toy-- toys.④以o结尾的名词，一般在词尾直接加s。

如: radio- radios photo- photos piano-pianos但在初中阶段常考的三个以o结尾的名词变复数时要加es: tomatoes, potatoes, heroes(英雄).⑤以f或fe结尾的名词，复数形式多数是变f或fe为v,再加es。

初中阶段常考的有9个，如:wife--wives, knife--knives, wolf--wolves, thief--thieves, shelf--shelves, self--selves, life--lives, half--halves, leaf--leaves这9个单词可以编成一段顺口溜来记忆：妻子执刀去宰狼，小偷吓得发了慌，躲在架后保己命，半片树叶遮目光；但也有直接加s的。

中考英语语法专题之名词(含练习及答案)

5. Your mother cooks nice __________. I like it very much.A. breadB. beefsC. eggsD. dumplings6.-How can I get some ______ about the 2016 Olympic Games? -Why not search the Internet?A. informationB. experienceC. practiceD. success7.______ about the sports meeting make us excited.A. NewsB. InformationC. MessagesD. Advice8.The Belt and Road initiative(一带一路倡议) will help China improve ______ with lots of countries.A. relationshipB. agreementC. environmentD. progress3.名词的所有格: 在英语中,有生命的名词及表示时间、距离、国家、城市的名词,常在词尾加's 表示所属关系,叫做名词的所有格。

翻译成:"的"。

如:Tom's bike (汤姆的单车)。

名词的所有格例词、例句①直接在词尾加's Kate's bag, Children's Day, Women's Day②以s结尾的名词所有格,在词尾加' Teachers' Day, students' books③表示两人共同拥有的人或物,在后一个人名后加's Lucy and Lily's mother (共同的妈妈)④表示两人分别拥有的人或物,则两个人名后都要加's Tom's and Jim's rooms (各自的房间)⑤表某人的家、店铺、住宅、公共建筑等地名时,所有格后面的名词常常省略at the doctor's(在医务室); at Tom's (在汤姆的家)⑥表示无生命名词的所有格,用of 表达the door of the room, the color of the clothes⑦双重所有格:用's所有格/名词性物主代词与of 所有格相结合。

中考英语语法全方位复习——名词(共13张PPT)

中考英语语法考点解读名词
名词的分类
考点1可数名词的复数变化
1、可数名词的复数规则变化
考点1可数名词的复数变化
2、可数名词的复数不规则变化
考点1可数名词的复数变化
3、表示不同国家的人的单复数形式变化
考点2 不可数名词的量
不可数名词通没有复数形式，不可以和a/an连用，也不可以加上基数词表示个数，但可以借助数量词来表示一定的数量。即用”数词+表示数量的名词+of+名词”来表示。数词决定量词单/复数形式。如：
考点3 名词的所有格
考点4 名词的作用主语
A little monkey was playing in a tree by the river. 一只猴子在河边的树上玩耍。
表语 The largest city of China is Shanghai. 上海是中国最大的城市。
宾语 The students love their teachers. 学生们爱他们的老师。
宾语补足语 They chose the boy monitor. 他们选那个男孩当班长。
同位语 We are waiting for Miss Chen, the English teacher. 我们正 school gate was built last year. 学校大门是去年建的。

中考英语之名词

2.复合名词的复数形式复合名词的复数形式 1）中间无连字符的名词变复数，通常把最后一个词变）中间无连字符的名词变复数，为复数 bookshelf, handful, toothpich 在前构成的复合名词，由man, woman在前构成的复合名词，两个词在前构成的复合名词都要变复数 women doctors, men teachers 2）用连字符连接的复合词变复数，第一个词是名词或）用连字符连接的复合词变复数，更重要的词，把它变为复数更重要的词， sisters-in-law, lookers-on, sndtaers-by passers-by, runners-by 3）两个都是名词或两个都不是名词时，一般后加）两个都是名词或两个都不是名词时，一般后加s
3.只有单数形式的名词 3.只有单数形式的名词 1）有生命的集体名词此类名词多用作复数，此类名词多用作复数，但有时也可用作单数 class, couple, audience, family, staff, party, team, population等 population等 2）无生命的的集体名词有些是物质名词，包括气体、液体、有些是物质名词，包括气体、液体、药品等 clothing, sugar, rice, sand, hair, food, meat, paper, wood, traffic, money, chalk 等 3）抽象名词 education, homework, knowledge, fun, anger, luck, friendship, childhood, freedom, peace, pleasure, information, heat, electricity等 electricity等
6.既可用作可数又可用作不可数的名词既可用作可数又可用作不可数的名词 1）兼类名词）有些名词属于兼类名词，有些名词属于兼类名词，作不可数时表抽象概念或物质，物质，作可数名词表具体事物 beauty – a beauty sight 视力 – a sight 壮观，景象壮观， success – a success danger – a danger character 性格 – a character 人物，角色人物， 2）表不同的种类） He wrote out a long list of foods. The wines of France are among the best规则名词的复数 1）有些以改变元音字母的方法变为复数，有些改有些以改变元音字母的方法变为复数，变辅音字母 foot, mouse, goose, child, tooth, man, woman 2）单复数同形 deer, sheep, aircraft, series, spacecraft, Chinese, Japanese 直接从汉语译音的名词一般无复数，直接从汉语译音的名词一般无复数，用斜体 ten li, five yuan 少数名词有两种复数，但含义不同，少数名词有两种复数，但含义不同，或一种复数比另一种复数含义多 penny–pennies(表硬币数 penny–pennies(表硬币数) –pence (表数额、币表硬币数) (表数额表数额、值)

中考英语语法真题训练名词及名词短语含解析

名词及名词短语一．名词名词的种类：II. 名词的数：1. 规则名词的复数形式：名词的复数形式,一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es。

现将构成方法与读音规则列表如下：2. 不规则名词复数：英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的,现归纳如下：III. 名词的所有格：名词在句中表示所有关系的语法形式叫做名词所有格。

所有格分两种：一是名词词尾加’s 构成,二是由介词of加名词构成。

前者多表示有生命的东西,后者多表示无生命的东西。

1. ’s所有格的构成：2. ’s所有格的用法：3. of所有格的用法：用于无生命的东西：the legs of the chair, the cover of the book用于有生命的东西,尤其是有较长定语时：the classrooms of the first-year students 用于名词化的词：the struggle of the oppressed1. Betty has a beautiful _________. She wants to be a singer in the future.A. voiceB. lookC. noiseD. sound2.--- What should we do for the camping trip?--- We’d better make a of things like foods, drinks, medicine and so on.A. listB. cardC. report3. Which word goes with the sound?A. snackB. smileC. stateD. snake4. —Look! They are .—Yes. We are proud of them.A. man scientistB. women scientistsC. woman scientistsD.man scientists5--Here is my family___.We took it last year.A.memberC.photoD.house6．（1分）I'd like some_____and_____．A．banana； tomato B．bananas； tomatoC．bananas； tomatoes D．banana； tomatoes7．（1分）In China, the color red is the ________of good luckA．dream B．way C．symbol D．reason8．（1分）﹣﹣﹣The air is very fresh in our city． There is less than before．﹣﹣﹣Yes． The government has taken action to protect the environmentA．wood B．pollution C．noise D．water9. I'm not hungry at all because I have just had much ___________.A. breadB. pearsC. eggs10．（1分）Jane is very thirsty, so she needs some ．A．water B．bread C．cakes D．rice11．（1分）My cousin and I often walk to the______to see pandas on weekends．A．bank B．zoo C．market12．（1分）﹣﹣Would you please______your e﹣mail address？ I missed it just now．﹣﹣No problem．It's fox@163．com．A．repeat B．review C．record13. I like this song. It’s by one of my favorite_________A. singersB.dancers C.painters D. writers14For his son’s birthday, Steven is taking him to the new movie as a .A. taskB. treatC. choiceD. visit15.The problems are difficult to solve.Please give me ____.A. many adviceB.some adviceC. an adviceD.some advices16. Tim got four ____ from his relatives on Children s Day.A. toyB. toysC. toies17. Journey to the West is a traditional ____ book. It has been translated into different languages.A. AmericanB. BritishC. Chinese18. —Igorunning every day.—Wow! That’s a good ________. It keeps you healthy.A. taskB. exerciseC. habit19. —Oh, my God! We have missed the last bus. What shall we do?—I’m afraid that we have no____ but Io take a Laxi,A. ideaB. decisionC. reasonD. choice20. - More and more foreigners come to visit the Gfeat Wall.-Tnat's true. It is the____of China_A. praise B,pride C,effort D.courage21. — Creative morning____ are popularin our school.—Yes,we dance to fun music, such as the song Calorie(卡路里).A. examsB. exercisesC.examplesD.expressions22. —Nowadays more and more foreigners are becoming interested in Kungfu. —That’s true. It’s an important part of Chinese____.A. inventionB.storyC. cultureD. custom23.—Dad, what is the loudspeaker saying?—It is to the. The flight to Wuhan is boarding now.A. customersB. passengersC. membersD. tourists24一Everyone should stick to his dream.一Yes. A life without a dream is like a bird without ________, which can't fly.A. wingsB. waterC. cloudsD. food25. -I know little about this product.-Surf the Internet, and you will get much _________about it.A. informationB. messageC. suggestion26. We should brush our ________ every day.A. toothB. teethC. hand27. Which underlined letter pronounces differently from the others?A. planetB. campingC. rabbitD. shape28. On April 24, Xie Wenjun raced to gold in the __________110-meter hurdles at theAsian Athletics Championships in QatarA. manB. menC. men'sD. mens'29. US scientist Edward T. Hall said that in a conversation between two people, 65% of _________is done through body language.A. applicationB. pronunciationC. introductionD. communication30. High-speed trains are seen as one of the new Four Great of China.A. AchievementsB. AgreementsC. EnvironmentsD. Instruments31. - Keep quiet! I need complete__________ when I'm working.-Sorry, dad. I won't make any noise again.A. trustB. silenceC. controlD. strength32. –Anna, how does the dress look on me?-To tell you the ________, it doesn’t fit you well.A. tradeB. trustC. truthD. treat33. My mother has a poor _________of direction, so she is always afraid to go out alone.A. sceneB. silenceC. serviceD. sense34. Look at the two _________over there. They are teaching the girls to play the guitar.A. women teachersB. woman teachersC. woman teacher35. My da ughter helps me cook, but she isn’t old enough to be left alone in the __________.A. bedroomB. classroomC. labD. kitchen36. If I leave my house at 9 o'clock and drive to the airport, I'll arrive at about 11. So it's about two_________drive from my house to the airport.A. hours'B. hour'sC. hours37. After years of war, the people in Syria are thirsty for ____________.A. priceB. noiseC. peaceD. course38. — Lucy, how about going to the ?— Sounds great! Reading books can give us much pleasure.A. libraryB. cinemaC. museumD. concert39. The number of the people using Huawei ________is getting larger and larger.A. culturesB. customersC. productsD.histories40. —I’m not sure what to write about The Secret Garden in the report.—You should read some _____ about the book before writing.A. reviewsB. reasonsC. resultsD. rewards41. When I think of the worried _______ of foreign students who are learning Chinese,I can go tostudy English calmly.A. looksB. designsC. effortsD. needs42. Schools are good places for students to get __________and make friends.A. backgroundB. knowledgeC. attentionD. competition43. The article gives students some___________ about how to stay safe online.A. suggestionsB. activitiesC. decisionsD. advantages44.WeChat（微信）is one of the most convenient ways of .rmationpetitionmunicationD.pollution45. To keep our city beautiful, the are always very busy in the streets. We shouldn’t throw rubbish everywhere.A.policemenB.cleanersC. drivers46.Night Safari is an amazing __________ and you can watch animals there at night.A. schoolB. zooC. hospital47. Upstairs are bedrooms. They are tidy and nice. But are in a mess.A. Lily’s and Lucy’s; ourB. Lily’s and Lucy’s; oursC. Lily’s and Lucy; oursD. Lily and Lucy’s; our48. The food safety is a serious in many countries. People should try to solve it.A. subjectB. programC. problemD. opinion49. The _____________of the 2019 Beijing International Horticultural Expo(园艺博览会)is“Live Green, Live Better.”A.symbolB.conditionC.themeD.invention50. - Sir, did you enjoy your stay in our________________?- Yes, I slept well and I like the breakfast.A. hotelB. schoolC. factoryD. company51. One ____ of the book is missing, so I can’t learn the w hole story.A. copyB. pageC. writerD. reader答案：1. AADBC 6. CCBAA 11. BAABB 16. BCCDB21. DCBAA 26.BDCDA 31. BCDAD 36. ACACA41. ABACB 46. BBCCA 51.B。

中考英语语法讲解之名词词法

【中考英语语法汇总】名词语法讲解（一）名词概述名词用来表示人或事物的名称。

名词可分为专有名词和普通名词，普通名词又可分为可数名词和不可数名词，可数名词有单复数形式，不可数名词没有复数形式，也不能与不定冠词连用。

在考试命题中，主要是考察可数、不可数名词的区分，以及量词修饰的使用。

考试的题型主要是选择题和词性转换。

另外，名词的所有格也是重要的考查部分，主要是区分's和of的用法。

（二）基础知识梳理1. 名词复数形式的构成1）规则变化（1）一般名词后面加s。

如：month-months，bird-birds。

（2）以s，ss，x，ch，sh结尾的名词，后面加es。

如：bus-buses，boss-bosses，box-boxes，match-matches，brush-brushes。

（3）以o结尾的名词，有的加es，如：patato-patatoes，mango-mangoes，tomato-tomatoes；有的加s，如：radio-radios，zoo-zoos，piano-pianos。

（4）以辅音字母加y结尾的名词，变y为i再加es。

如：factory-factories，city-cities。

以元音字母加y结尾的名词，直接加s，如：toy-toys，day-days。

（5）以f或fe结尾的名词，变f或fe为v再加es。

如：knife-knives，wolf-wolves（例外：roof-roofs，chief-chiefs），scarf-scarfs或scarves。

2）不规则变化（1）改元音字母，构成复数。

如：man-men，woman-women，foot-feet，fisherman-fishermen，tooth-teeth，mouse-mice（例外：German-Germans，walkman-walkmans,human-humans）。

（2）单复数形式一样。

如：sheep-sheep，Chinese-Chinese，Japanese-Japanese，deer-deer，fish-fish。

中考英语名词

中考英语名词名词是英语语法的基础，它作为句子的核心成分，承担着表达事物名称、性质、状态和数量等功能。

在中考英语考试中，名词的运用尤为重要。

本文将介绍一些中考英语中常见的名词形式，以及它们在句子中的用法。

一、名词的基本形式名词的基本形式是单数和复数。

单数名词表示一个人、一个物或一个概念，而复数名词表示多个人、多个物或多个概念。

一般情况下，形成复数名词的方法是在单数名词后加-s或-es。

- apple（单数）→ apples（复数）- box（单数）→ boxes（复数）二、可数名词和不可数名词1. 可数名词可数名词可以用于单数形式和复数形式，并可与冠词（a、an 或the）连用。

它们可以被统计，计算数量。

- a book（一本书）- two books（两本书）- the book（这本书）2. 不可数名词不可数名词通常以单数形式出现，并且不能和冠词（a 或 an）连用。

它们表示一种抽象概念、物质的不可分之类或泛指的概念。

- water（水）- milk（牛奶）- happiness（幸福）三、名词的所有格名词的所有格（名词的所有形式）用于表示所属关系。

一般情况下，所有格通过在名词后加-apostrophe（'）和-s表示。

- Tom's book（汤姆的书）- the cat's tail（猫的尾巴）四、名词的用途名词在句子中可以作为主语、宾语、表语等。

在英语中，名词还可通过加-ing或-ed形式构成动词或形容词。

- The cat is sleeping soundly.（猫正熟睡。

）- I love reading books.（我喜欢读书。

）- He is a talented musician.（他是一位有才华的音乐家。

）名词作为英语语法的基础，对中考英语考试至关重要。

我们应该熟练掌握名词的基本形式、可数名词和不可数名词的区别，以及名词的所有格的用法。

在写作和理解中，要根据句子的语境合理运用名词，使句子更加准确、流畅。

中考英语复习语法专题名词

专题1 名词考点知识精讲考点训练知识网络考点一名词的分类考点二名词的复数形式 1.规则变化构成方法例词在词尾加-s girl －girls pen －pens 以s ，x ，ch ，sh 结尾的名词后加-es bus －buses box －boxeswatch －watches dish －dishes以f 或fe 结尾的名词，变f ，fe 为v ，再加-es wife －wives half －halves shelf －shelves thief －thieves 某些以f 结尾的词，直接加-s roof －roofs(屋顶)belief －beliefs(信念)以辅音字母＋y 结尾的名词变y 为i 再加-es city －cities country －countries family －families party －parties 以元音字母＋y 结尾的名词，直接加-s boy －boysday －days 以o 结尾的四个词(两菜、两人)加-es ，其余的都加-s potato －potatoes tomato －tomatoeshero －heroes Negro －Negroeszoo －zoos photo －photos2.不规则变化3.复合名词的复数形式有两种 (1)将主体词变为复数，如：apple tree →apple treesboy classmate →boy classmates(2)将复合词中两个词都变为复数，此种复合词中第一个词须是man 或 woman ，如：man worker →men workerswoman teacher →women teachers 4．特殊情况(1)有些名词只有复数形式，如：clothes ，shorts ，pants ，scissors(剪刀)，goods ，glasses(眼镜 )(2)有些名词以s 结尾，但不是复数形式，如：news ，maths ，physics ，politics (3)有些物质名词或抽象名词的单、复数形式表示不同的含义，如： room(空间)—a room(房间)work(工作)—works(著作)构成方法例词形式不变 (单复数同形) sheep －sheep deer －deerChinese －Chinese Japanese －Japanese 变内部元音字母 foot －feet tooth －teeth goose －geeseman －men mouse －mice 词尾加-en/-renchild －children ox －oxen(4)不可数名词的数量表达①不可数名词本身不可数，但可借助单位量词表示一定的数量，如：a piece of bread/news/paper一片面包/一则新闻/一张纸②还可用much，little，a little，a large amount of，some，any，no，lots of，plenty of等来修饰不可数名词，如：much money，some milk(5)数词＋名词＋形容词构成的复合形容词，中间的名词不能用复数形式而须用单数形式，如：He is a fouryearold boy.他是个4岁的男孩。

中考英语语法：名词

名词●名词：可数vs 不可数●可数名词单复数变化规则变化1)一般情况下加se.g. chair-->chairs; month-->months; nurse-->nurses2)以s, x, sh, ch结尾的加ese.g. class-->classes; fox-->foxes; church-->churches3)以辅音字母加y结尾的，去y加iese.g. city-->cities; lady-->ladies; ferry-->ferries4)以元音字母加y结尾的，直接加se.g. boy-->boys; day-->days; toy-->toys5)以f, fe结尾的，去f, fe, 加vese.g. wolf-->wolves; leaf-->leaves; wife-->wives6)以o结尾的，加ese.g. hero-->heros; potato-->potatoes; tamato-->tomatoes; volcano-->volcanoes(比较：photo-->photos; piano-->pianos; radio-->radios; zoo-->zoos; kilo-->kilos)不规则变化1)单复同形e.g. deer; fish; sheep; series; Chinese; Janpanese; Swiss2)改变元音e.g. man-->men; woman-->women; policeman-->policemenfoot-->feet; tooth-->teeth; goose-->geese; mouse-->mice(比较：German-->Germans; human-->humans;man doctor-->men doctors; woman teacher-->women teachers)3)加后缀e.g. child-->children; ox-->oxen●中考常考的不可数名词furniture; fun; music; advice; weather; information; news●有些名词既可作可数名词也可作不可数名词They keep chickens in the backyard.It tastes like chicken.We’ll take a cab to save time.Take the medicine three times a day.I’m still looking for work.Her house is a work of art.Swiming is good exercise.The exercsies are so simple that almost everyone can do them.We all learn by experience.This is a new experience for me.There’s much room for improvement.I’d like to book a room with the view of the lake.●可数名词的数量表达many computers; a large number of visitors; a lot of/lots of passengers; plenty of mice some oranges; a few booksfew bookshundreds of / thousands of animals (比较:three thousand relatives; five thousand years) a pair of shoes/socks/trousers/pants/jeans/glasses●不可数名词的数量表达much time/money; huge amounts of information; a lot of/lots of paper; plenty of juice some milk; a little fooda piece of advice; a can of tuna; a loaf/two loaves of bread修饰可数名词和不可数名词的量词有三类：1)既可以修饰可数名词，又可以修饰不可数名词some, any, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, enough2)只能修饰可数名词few; a few; several; many; a large number of/large numbers of3)只能修饰不可数名词little; a little; much; a huge amount of/huge amounts of; a great deal of●名词所有格表示所属关系，“的”的意思两种形式：1) A’s B 2) A of B●构成1）A’s B◎’s加在表示有生命的名词词尾e.g.Mike’s car 麦克的汽车my mother’s birthday 我妈妈的生日the teacher’s desk 这个老师的桌子◎以s结尾的复数名词只加’e.g.Teachers’ Day 教师节the teachers’ office 教师办公室the students’ library 学生图书馆◎不以s结尾的复数名词加’se.g.Women's Day 妇女节Children’s Day 儿童节2）A of Bof构成的短语用来修饰无生命的名词e.g.a picture of our classroom 我们教室的一张照片a map of china 一张中国地图3）【注意】表示时间、距离、集体、国家、团体等无生命的名词也可以用’s构成所有格。

中考英语语法专题复习：名词(共19张PPT)

15 —Who did you spend last weekend with? —________. A. Palmer’s B. The Palmers’ C. The Palmers D. The Palmer’s
中考英语语法：名词备考知识点
考点分析
1、名词辨析：
名词辨析的考查角度以语境类辨析和近义词辨析为主,少量涉及词性辨析、常识辨析及固定搭配。
2、名词单复数：
名词单复数考查数量较少,包括规则变形和不规则变形两种。
3、名词所有格：
名词所有格考查数量较少,包括两者共有的所有格,时间名词所有格,数量词所有格的用法。
C. A large number of D. Quite a few
7. –– Let’s try operating the machine right now.
––Wait. Better read the _____first.
A. instructions B. explanations
有一些事不规则变化,需改变单数名词中的元音字母如：man-men woman-women foot-feet tooth-teeth
还有单复数形式相同的情况，读音不变,如： fish-fish sheep-sheep deer-deer ChineseChinese Japanese-Japanese
2.近义词辨析
对近义名词有考查,如message口信,information信息。
message为可数名词,指口信,常用词组： leave或take a message; information指消息、信息、资料。
常见近义词组(学生可以根据以下词条进行归纳记忆)。 1. advice与suggestion 2. problem与question 3. house, home, family与room 4. idea, thought与opinion 5. job与work 6. voice, noise与sound 7. message, news与information

中考英语语法专题讲解——名词

中考英语语法——名词1. 中考对名词掌握程度的要求：1）熟练掌握所学可数名词复数形式的构成及用法和名词所有格的用法。

2）掌握物质名词及其量的表达方式和常用专有名词的一般用法。

3）理解并能区别所学的可数名词和不可数名词。

4）了解集合名词和抽象名词的概念及一般用法。

2. 名词在英语词汇中占有较大的比例，历年中考试题都要涉及，分值在2-3分，考点常分布在单项选择、完形填空和完成句子中。

3. 攻克方法：要全面掌握中学阶段所学的英语知识，系统地做好语法归纳并有意识地多记一些名词惯用语，尤其是与汉语不同的一些特殊用法。

一、知识精讲（一）名词的分类可数名词不可数专有名词：England ，London ，Smith 个体名词：book ，school 集合名词：people, class 名词物质名词：meat ，air 抽象名词：homework, love（二）名词的数1. 可数名词可数名词有单、复数两种形式。

单数用原形，复数形式通常是在单数形式后加“-s ”构成，其主要变化方法如下：1）规则变化：The _____ teachers wondered if the _____ students were in trouble. A. woman, boy B. woman, boys C. women, boy D. women, boys答案：C思路分析：英语中，“女教师们”应该译为“women teachers”，而“男学生们” 应该译为“boy students”。

3）使用名词单、复数应注意的问题①有些名词通常只有复数形式。

如：clothes衣服，trousers裤子，thanks谢谢，glasses眼镜……这些词作主语时，它们的谓语要用复数。

②有些学科名词虽以s结尾，但通常都作单数名词看待。

如：physics物理学，maths数学，politics 政治等。

③people意为“人民，人们”，是单数形式复数意义的名词，是集合名词。

初中英语中考语法复习名词知识点(名词的分类+名词的数+名词的所有格)

中考英语语法复习名词知识点一、名词的分类1、专有名词个人，地方,机构等专有名称，如：China, Shanghai, Li lei等。

专有名词的首字母通常要大写。

具体说来，它包括人名、地名、月份、星期、节日、书名、电影名以及某些抽象名词等。

如：Jim 吉姆 China 中国 July 七月 Friday 星期五 Christmas 圣诞节English 英语2、普通名词指表示一类人或东西或抽象概念的名词。

1）个体名词：某类人或东西中的个体，如 fighter, gun, country，cup, desk, student 等。

一般可数，有单复数形式。

2）集体名词：若干个体组成的集合体，如 family, team, police, class等。

一般可数，有单复数形式3）物质名词：无法分为个体的实物，如 cotton，tea, air等。

一般不可数，没有单复数之分。

4）抽象名词：动作, 状态, 品质, 感情等抽象概念.如 health, happiness，love, work, life 等。

一般不可数，没有单复数之分。

二、名词的数可数名词都有单数和复数之分；不可数名词没有复数形式。

【重点】1、规则的可数名词的复数变化规则：1）一般情况加–s ：books，mouths，houses，girls等。

2）以 s，sh，ch，x结尾的加–es：classes，boxes，matches等。

3）辅音字母 + y结尾的变 y为 ies：cities，countries，parties，factories等。

4）以 o 结尾的词 +es：heroes，Negroes，tomatoes，potatoes等。

(与生命有关的单词，特殊单词竹子bamboos)以 o 结尾 +s：radios，zoos，pianos，kilos，photos等。

（与生命无关）5）以f，fe 结尾的多数 +es：leaves，lives，wives，knives，halves，wolves等。

中考英语语法--名词

中考英语语法—名词名词是表示人、事物、抽象概念等名称的词。

名词根据其可数性，可分为可数名词和不可数名词。

可数名词有单数和复数两种形式，而不可数名词只有单数形式，没有复数形式。

名词在句中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、同位语、表语，定语等。

作定语时也可以用名词所有格形式。

一．名词的分类及名词的单、复数（二）可数名词（三）不可数名词（四）名词的修饰词【中考真题分类体验】1.（2018 哈尔滨）-- Alice, which season do you like best?-- Autumn. The fallen _____ are like a thick blanket on the ground. What beautiful scenery it is!A. leafB.leafsC. leaves2.（2018四川凉山）Many foreigners came to our school yesterday, including three _____ and four______.A.German; AmericanB. Germans; AmericanC. Germans; AmericansD. German; Americans3.（2018 湖北施恩）--My dear, you have made _____in your English this term. Well done!--Thank you ,mum . I will keep on working hard.A. a progressB. progressC.progresses4.（2017·黑龙江绥化）There are two ______ in her family.A. childB. childsC. children5.（2017湖南邵阳）– Mom , please give me two_____. I want to make vegetable salad.– OK. Here you are.A. tomatoB. tomatoesC. tomatos6.（2017哈尔滨）—How time flies! It’s two _____since we met last.—So it is. I miss you so much.A. monthsB. monthesC. months’7.（2017昆明）Many ___are playing an active part in making Kunming a civilized city (文明城市).man B. woman C. volunteer D. volunteers8.（2017•重庆渝北）My uncle keeps many ____ on the family. And I often help him feed them.A. cowB. horseC. pigD. sheep9.（2017甘肃兰州）There are a lot of ____on the grass land. ____sheep-dog is sitting next them.A. sheep; TheB. sheep; AC. sheeps; TheD. sheeps; A10.（2017广州）Yesterday for dinner I had a piece of beef, vegetables and ______.A. some riceB. a few riceC. a little ricesD. a rice11.（2017山东滨州）---What a good _____ you’ve given me! Thanks a lot.---My pleasure.A. informationB. newsC. suggestionD. advice12.（2017上海）32. Did the policeman give much _______ on how to protect personal information?A. noteB. tipC. adviceD. book13.（2017四川达州）— Could you please offer me some____ in my research?—Yes, sure.A. ideaB. messageC. suggestionD. advice14.（2017四川南充）-Are you thirsty?-Yes, please give us _______.A. three bottle waterB. three bottle of waterC. three bottles of waterD. three bottles of waters15.（2017湖北孝感）Computers are very useful．They can help us get much _____ on theInternet．A. games B．information C．courage D．messages16.（2017菏泽）My teacher gave me much _______ on how to study English well when I hadsome trouble.A. adviceB. questionC. suggestionD. problem17.(2016•云南昆明) Each couple in China can have two _____from January 1st, 2016.A. boyB. girlC. childrenD. child18.(2016·湖南永州) I think eating _______ is good for health.A. tomatoesB. bananaesC. egges19.(2016·四川宜宾) Yibin is one of the most beautiful __________ in Sichuan.A. cityB. citiesC. citys20.(2016•湖南湘西)Here are two nice _______ of my family.A. pictureB. photoesC. photos21.(2016•四川广安)—Have you heard of Lin Zexu and Zhan Tianyou?—Of course. They are our national _______.A. heroB. herosC. heroesD. hero’s22.(2016·广西来宾) —There are many ________ about this farm.—Yes, lots of ________ are planted on it.A. photo; potatoB. photos; potatosC. photos; potatoesD. photoes; potatoes23.(2016•广西南宁)These in beautiful dresses will have a party this evening.A. manB. menC. womanD. women24.(2016•湖南怀化)24. —Mum, I’m hungry. May I have some ______?—Sure. But I don’t eat too much.A. hamburgersB. milksC. cake25.(2016·贵州铜仁)24. —What would you like to eat?—Some ______, please.A. breadB. cakeC. coffeeD. tea26.(2016•甘肃天水) There are many websites on the Internet and there ________ a lot of useful________ on the websites.A. are; informationsB. are; informationC. is; informationD. is; information27. (2016·四川巴中) Mickey Mouse is one of the most famous ______ in American ______.A. symbol; cultureB. symbol; culturesC. symbols; culture28.(2016·海南)30. There’s little _____ left at home. Go and buy some, dear.A. carrotsB. potatoesC. rice29.(2016·广西贵港)–Can I help you?—Yes, please. I need a pair of .A. shoesB. T-shirtC. sweaterD. bags30.（2016·湖北恩施）-- May I take your order, sir?—A. Chicken with vegetables and two bowls of rices.B. Chicken with vegetables and two bowls of rice.C. Chickens with vegetable and two bowl of rices.1.（2018 重庆）33. --- How far is it from Chongqing to Guiyang?--- It’s about two ______ ride by high-speed train.A. hourB. hour’sC. hoursD. hours’2.（2017呼和浩特）—How far is it from Tianjin to Changsha？—It is a _______ flight from Tianjin to Changsha.A. 2-hour-longB. 2-hours-longC. 2 hours’ longD. 2 hour long3.（2017贵州贵阳）“Cindy, how far is it from your home to school?” “About 20 _____ walk.”A.minutesB. minute’sC. minutes'4.（2017聊城）—Excuse me, is the museum far from here?—No, it’s about _______.A. 5 minutes walkB. 5 minute walkC. 5 minutes’ walkD. 5 minute’s walk5.（2017鄂州）—It’s convenient to travel from Ezhou to Wuhan by taking the newly-built green railway.—Yes. It’s said that _______ is enough.A. fifteen minutes driveB. fifteen-minutes driveC. fifteen minute’s driveD. fifteen minutes’ drive6.（2017苏州）The park is far away from here indeed it’s about _______ walkA. Three hourB. a three hour’sC. a three-hoursD. a three-hour7.（2017贵州安顺）29. There are more than one hundred teachers in our school;, and most of them are ______.A.m en’ te achersB. man teachersC. men teacherD. men teachers8.（2017齐齐哈尔）11. I went to the hospital yesterday I found a few ______ there.A.m an nursesB. men nurseC. men nurses9.（2017黔西南州）_______ the teachers in their school is about 200 and one fourth of them are _______ teachers.A. A number of; womenB. A number of; womanC. The number of; womenD. The number of; woman10.（2017山东菏泽）Daming has collected 5,000 _____.A.b us ticketsB. buses ticketC. bus ticketD. buses tickets11.(2016•重庆A卷)It’s sports time. Most _______ students in Class 1 are playing football on the playground.A. boyB. boysC. boy’sD. boys’12.(2016·辽宁丹东)—What kind of noodles would you like?—I'd like some noodles.A. carrotsB. beefC. potatoesD. vegetables13. (2016·广西贵港)—What would you like for breakfast? —I’d like .A. tomato noodleB. tomato noodlesC. tomatoes noodleD. tomatoes noodles三．名词所有格（一）-'s所有格（三）双重所有格【中考真题分类体验】1.（2018 贵州安顺）--Excuse me! Is this ______ new house?--Yes, it’s ______. The parents of them bought it last September.A. Lily and Lucy’s ;theirsB. Lily and Lucy’s; themC. Lily’s and Lucy’s; their sD. Lily and Lucy’s; them2.（2017甘肃白银武威）"It depends on my ______decision．"the mother said and looked at her two sons．A.children B．children's C．child D．child's3.（2017东营）—When is Day?—It’s on June 1st, Dave.A. ChildB. ChildrenC. Child’sD. Children’s4.（2017长沙）—Is the schoolbag under the desk yours?—No, it’s my ______. He left it there just now.A. brotherB. brother’sC. brothers’5.（2017湖北恩施）﹣Henry，have you seen the English book on the ______desk？If you see it，please take it to the ______office．﹣OK．A.teachers'；teachers' B．teacher's；teachers' C．teacher's；teacher's6.（2017甘肃白银）Mr. Black is a teacher of ______. She and her classmates like him very much.A. my sisterB. my sister’sC. my sistersD. my sisters’7.(2016•山东东营)—Are you sure this is a photo , the famous comedy actress?—It surprised you, didn’t it? But she was once really thin.A. Jia LingB. Jia Ling’sC. of Jia LingD. of Jia Ling’s8.(2016•新疆)27. This is bedroom. It’s tidy and nice.A. Lily’s and Lucy’sB. Lily and Lucy’sC. Lily’s and LucyD. Lily and Lucy9.(2016·黑龙江绥化) ____ room is big and nice.A. Kate’s and Jane’sB. Kate’s and JaneC. Kate and Jane’s10.（2015武威）_____ mothers can’t go to the parents’ meet ing because they are too busy.A.Jack’s and PaulB. Jack’s and Paul’sC. Jack and Paul’sD. Jack and Paul【精选演练】A 组1.(2016·新疆乌鲁木齐)—It’s easy to travel from Urumqi to Lanzhou by taking high-speed railway.—Yes. It’s only _____.A. eight hours rideB. eight hour’s rideC. eight-hours rideD. eight hours’ ride2.(2016•黑龙江龙东)—How far is your home from school ? —About _____ walk.A. five minute’sB. five minutes’C. five minutes3.(2016•甘肃天水)28. It’s a bout _________ from our school to my house.A. 20 minutes’ walkB. 20 minute’s walkC. walk of 20 minutesD. 20 minutes’ walks4.(2016·黑龙江绥化)Our school has fifty-six _______ teachers.A. woman B .women C. woman's5. （2015娄底）－Would you like some _____ for dinner?－OK.A. tomatosB. tomatoC. tomatoes6.（2014湖南永州）26. —Whose ______ are these?—I think they are John’s.A. keyB. keiesC. keys7.（2014贵州黔东南州）Look! There are some ______ on the farm.A. chickenB. gooseC. sheepD. cow8.（2014四川来宾）There are some _________ and _________ in the fridge (冰箱).A. tomatos; milkB. tomatos; milksC. tomatoes; milkD. tomatoes; milks9.（2014广西河池）My father bought two_________ when he came back from Guilin.A. milkB. breadC. watchD. dictionaries10.（2014贵州遵义）Mr. Li is always patient to give me _______on how to work out theproblems.A、an adviceB、many adviceC、some advice11.（2014四川巴中）—Let's make a banana milk shake. What do we need?—We need some _________ and two __________.A. bananas；cup of milkB. bananas；cups of milkC. bananas；milks12.（2014黑龙江绥化）John didn’t find much ________ about the accident.A. newsB. answerC. article13.（2014江苏扬州）一What a good________ you've given me! Thanks a lot.一My pleasure.A. informationB. news，C. suggestionD. advice14.（2014湖南益阳）Please give me some ______ on how to learn English well.A. planB. informationC. advice15.（2014山东菏泽）My teacher gave me much ______ on how to study English well when I had some trouble.A. adviceB. questionC. suggestionD. problem16.（2014广东广州）Yesterday for dinner I had a piece of beef, vegetables and ______.A. some riceB. a few riceC. a little ricesD. a rice17.（2014湖南邵阳）A________ player named Li Jianrou from China won China's first gold medalin 2014 Winter Olympics.A. 27-years-oldB. 27-year-oldC. 27 years old18.（2014•黑龙江龙东） Miss Black is a friend of________, she always looks after my sister.A. Mary’s mother’sB. Ma ry’s mother'C. Mary mother’s19.（2014云南曲靖）Knowledge can help open up the ______ eyes to the outside world and give them a good start in life.A. students’B. student’sC. studentsD. student’20.（2014江苏盐城）T he online shop sells ________clothing at a very good price.A. child and man'sB. children and men'sC. children's and menD. children's and men'sB组1.These _________ have saved many children’s live s.A. woman doctorsB. women doctorC. women doctorsD. woman doctor2.This is _________ bedroom. The twin sisters like it very much.A. Anne and JaneB. Anne’s and Jane’sC. A nne’s and JaneD. Anne and Jane’s3.---Are there any ________ on the farm?---Yes, there are some.A. horseB. duckC. chickenD. sheep4. —Who’s that girl over there?—Julia, she is a student of _______.A. my fathers’B. my fatherC. my fathersD. my father’s5. In China, we celebrate________ Day on June 1st, ________ Day on September,10 th.A. Children’s; Teacher’sB. Children; TeachersC. Children's; Teachers’6.We have a _____ holiday every National Day.A.3 daysB.3-daysC.3-dayD.3 day’s7.--- They are thirsty. Will you please give them ______ ?--- Certainly.A. some bottles of watersB. some bottles of waterC. some bottle of waterD. some bottle of waters8.Mike hurt one of his ______ in the accident yesterday.A. toothB. feetC. handD. ear9.There is some _______ on the plate.A. cakesB. meatC. potatoD. pears10.The______ has two _______ .A. boys; watchesB. boy; watchC. boy; watchesD. boys; watch11. -- Ask him not to eat too much candy, it’s not good for his ________.--- That’s right, but he always washes them after eating.A. toothB. toothsC. teethD. teeths12.--- It’s dangerous here. We’d better go out quickly.--- But I think we should let _______ go out first.A. woman and childrenB. women and childC. woman and childD. women and children13.Some _______ and _______ will come visit our city next week.A. Germans, EnglishmanB. Germen, EnglishmenC. Germans, EnglishmenD. Germen, Englishman14.As a student, you need at least sleep______ a day.A. eight hours’sB. eight hour’sC. eight hours’D. eight hours15.—I am tired these days. What should I do, Mum?—Have a good rest, eat more ______ and do more ______.A. vegetables, exercisesB. vegetable, exerciseC. vegetables, exerciseD. vegetable, exercises16. - Can I help you, sir? -- I'd like to have 100 _____. I want my students to draw pictures.A. piece of paperB. pieces of paperC. pieces of papers17.(2016江苏泰州模拟)—I feel very thirsty after P.E.class.—Would you like some______?A. apple juiceB. apples juiceC. apple juicesD. apples juices18.I’m so hungry. Please give me_____ to eat.A. three breadB. three pieces of breadC. three pieces of breadsD. three piece of bread19.All the _____teachers and _____students took part in the dancing party.A. women; girlsB. women; girlC. woman; girlsD. woman; girl20.—Would you like some ______?—Yes, a little please.A. appleB. bananaC. tomatoD. milk答案及解析：一．1.C leaf 的复数形式是leaves。

中考英语语法考点总复习--名词

and healthy.
A. habit
B. success
C. pity
6.At the foot of the hill, you can hear nothing but the _A___ of the
running water.
A. sound
B. voice
C. noise
7. She found a good __B____ after graduating from college.
other was for my mother.
A. watch
B. watches
C. watchs
16. —Can you peel some __C____ for me?
—Of course.
A. potato B. potatos
C. potatoes
17.—How many __B____ are there in the basket? —About ten.
C. rules
4. I'm a little hungry now. I only drank some _B_____ before I came
to school.
A. bread
B. milk
C. meat
5. Walking in the afternoon is a good __A____. It can make us strong
pen-----pens
bus-----buses dish------dishes match------matches 3)以o结尾的多数加-s, 初中阶段只有三个单词加-es .一般是有生命的(动植物)