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2018江苏省普通高等学校招生考试高三模拟测试卷12

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2018江苏省普通高等学校招生考试高三模拟测试卷16答案

2018江苏省普通高等学校招生考试高三模拟测试卷16答案
将m2＝2k2＋2代入上式可得·＝0，所以OP⊥OQ.y0)，则其切线方程为x0x＋y0y－2＝0，且x＋y＝2.
(ⅰ)当y0＝0时，则直线PQ的方程为x＝或x＝－.
当x＝时，P(，)，Q(，－)．
因为·＝0，所以OP⊥OQ.
当x＝－时，同理可得OP⊥OQ.(10分)
所以×≤25，解得v≥.(9分)
②当5＜vt≤13，即＜t≤时，
f(t)＝(vt－1－6t)2＋9＝(v－6)2＋9.
因为v＞8，所以＜，(v－6)2＞0，
所以当t＝时，f(t)取最大值，
所以(v－6)2＋9≤25，解得≤v≤.(13分)
③当13≤vt≤16,≤t≤时，f(t)＝(12－6t)2＋(16－vt)2，
由题可知|－|≤，(2分)
解得≤v≤.(4分)
(2) (解法1)经过t小时，甲、乙之间的距离的平方为f(t)．
由于先乙到达D地，故＜2，即v＞8.(6分)
①当0＜vt≤5，即0＜t≤时，
f(t)＝(6t)2＋(vt)2－2×6t×vt×cos∠DAB
＝t2.
因为v2－v＋36＞0，所以当t＝时，f(t)取最大值，
所以切线方程为y＝±(x－)．(4分)
把切线方程y＝(x－)代入椭圆C的方程，消去y得5x2－8x＋6＝0.
设P(x1，y1)，Q(x2，y2)，则有x1＋x2＝.
由椭圆定义可得，PQ＝PF＋FQ＝2a－e(x1＋x2)＝2×－×＝.(6分)
因为O到直线PQ的距离为，所以△OPQ的面积为.
因为椭圆的对称性，当切线方程为y＝－(x－)时，△OPQ的面积也为.
9.4解析：由题意知T＝，则A，B，而OA⊥OB，则×－3＝0，即π＝2ω，得T＝＝＝4.本题考查三角函数的图象与性质，向量数量积的坐标运算等内容．本题属于容易题．

2018年江苏省扬州市、泰州市、淮安市、南通市、徐州市、宿迁市、连云港市高考物理三模试卷

2018年江苏省扬州市、泰州市、淮安市、南通市、徐州市、宿迁市、连云港市高考物理三模试卷

2018年江苏省扬州市、泰州市、淮安市、南通市、徐州市、宿迁市、连云港市高考物理三模试卷一、单项选择题：本题共5小题，每小题3分，共计15分．每小题只有一个选项符合题意．1．（3.00分）春秋末年齐国人的著作《考工记》中有“马力既竭，辀犹能一取焉”，意思是马对车不施加拉力了，车还能继续向前运动。

这是关于惯性的最早记述。

下列关于惯性的说法中正确的是（）A．车只在运动时才具有惯性B．撤去拉力后车的惯性大小不变C．拉力可以改变车的惯性D．车运动越快惯性越大2．（3.00分）如图所示，带有孔的小球A套在粗糙倾斜直杆上，与正下方的小球B通过轻绳连接，处于静止状态，给小球B施加水平力F使其缓慢上升，直到小球A刚要滑动。

在此过程中（）A．水平力F的大小不变B．杆对小球A的支持力不变C．轻绳对小球B的拉力先变大后变小D．杆对小球A的摩擦力先变小后变大3．（3.00分）磁流体发电机原理如图所示，等离子体高速喷射到加有强磁场的管道内，正、负离子在洛伦兹力作用下分别向A、B两金属板偏转，形成直流电源对外供电。

则（）A．仅减小两板间的距离，发电机的电动势将增大B．仅增强磁感应强度，发电机的电动势将减小C．仅增加负载的阻值，发电机的输出功率将增大D．仅增大磁流体的喷射速度，发电机的总功率将增大4．（3.00分）如图所示，不可伸长的细线一端固定，另一端系一小球，小球从与悬点等高处由静止释放后做圆周运动，不计空气阻力，则小球从释放位置运动到最低点的过程中（）A．水平方向加速度不断增大B．竖直方向加速度不断增大C．重力做功的瞬时功率先增大后减小D．拉力做功的瞬时功率先增大后减小5．（3.00分）如图所示，水平虚线MN上方有匀强磁场，磁场方向垂直于纸面向里。

大量带正电的相同粒子，以相同的速率沿位于纸面内水平向右到竖直向上90°范围内的各个方向，由小孔O射入磁场区域，做半径为R的圆周运动。

不计粒子重力和粒子间相互作用。

下列图中阴影部分表示带电粒子可能经过的区域，其中正确的是（）A．B． C．D．二、多项选择题：本题共4小题，每小题4分，共计16分，每小题有多个选项符合题意．全部选对的得4分，选对但不全的得2分，错选或不答的得0分．6．（4.00分）某卫星绕地球做圆周运动周期等于地球自转周期，其轨道平面与赤道平面成55°角，则该卫星（）A．离地面高度与地球同步卫星相同B．在轨运行速度等于第一宇宙速度C．加速度大于近地卫星的加速度D．每天两次经过赤道上同一点的正上方7．（4.00分）健身车上装有金属电磁阻尼飞轮，飞轮附近固定一电磁铁，示意图如图所示，人在健身时带动飞轮转动。

江苏省普通高等学校2018年高三招生考试资源练习数学试

江苏省普通高等学校2018年高三招生考试资源练习数学试

第一部分 填空题练习一1. (2017²北京怀柔区期末)已知集合M ＝{x|x≥－1}，N ＝{x|－2＜x ＜2}，则M∩N＝__________．2. (2017²宝鸡一模)已知复数a ＋3i1－2i是纯虚数，则实数a ＝__________．3. (2017²包头十校联考)在某中学举行的环保知识竞赛中，将三个年级参赛的学生的成绩进行整理后分为5组，绘制出如图所示的频率分布直方图，图中从左到右依次为第一、第二、第三、第四、第五小组．已知第二小组的频数是40，则成绩在80～100分的学生人数是________．4. (2017²永州二模)已知双曲线x 2m －y 2＝1的一个顶点坐标为(2，0)，则此双曲线的渐近线方程为__________．5. (2016²四川卷)从2，3，8，9中任取两个不同的数，分别记为a ，b ，则log a b 为整数的概率为__________．6. (2017²张掖高台一中期末)阅读下面的程序框图，运行相应的程序．若输入x 的值为1，则输出S 的值为________．7. (2017²武汉武昌区调研)设公比为q(q ＞0)的等比数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n .若S 2＝3a 2＋2，S 4＝3a 4＋2，则a 1＝________．8. (2017²上饶一模)如图，在正方体ABCDA 1B 1C 1D 1中，棱长为2，E ，F 分别是棱DD 1，C 1D 1的中点，则三棱锥B 1A 1BE 的体积为________．9. (2017²河北五个一联盟二模)函数f(x)＝sin ωx(ω＞0)的图象向右平移π12个单位得到函数y ＝g(x)的图象，并且函数g(x)在区间[π6，π3]上单调递增，在区间[π3，π2]上单调递减，则实数ω的值为________．10. (2017²景德镇期末)在△ABC 中，P 为BC 边上的一点，满足3AP →＝mAB →＋nAC →，则1m ＋2n 的最小值为________．11. (2017²吕梁二模)在△ABC 中，|AC →|＝1，|CA →－CB →|＝|CA →＋CB →|，则AB →²AC →＝________．12. (2016²山东卷)已知函数f(x)＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧|x|，x ≤m ，x 2－2mx ＋4m ，x>m ，其中m>0.若存在实数b ，使得关于x 的方程f(x)＝b 有三个不同的根，则实数m 的取值范围是____________．13. (2017²湖北四地七校期末联考)已知圆O ：x 2＋y 2＝4，点P 为直线x ＋2y －9＝0上一动点，过点P 向圆O 引两条切线PA ，PB ，A ，B 为切点，则直线AB 经过定点__________．14. (2017²安徽示范高中二模)曲线y ＝x 2＋4x 的一条切线l 与y ＝x ，y 轴三条直线围成的三角形记为△OAB，则△OAB 外接圆面积的最小值为________．练习二1. (2017²延安黄陵中学期末)已知集合A ＝{1，4}，B ＝{y|y ＝log 2 x ，x ∈A}，则A∪B ＝________．2. (2017²马鞍山一模)复数z ＝2i ＋21＋i(i 是虚数单位)在复平面内对应的点在第________象限．3. (2017²六安皖西教学联盟)若抛物线y 2＝2px 的准线经过双曲线x 2－y 2＝2的右焦点，则p 的值为________．4. (2016²天津卷)阅读下边的算法流程图，运行相应的程序，则输出S 的值为________．5. (2017²孝义期末)给定四组数据：甲：1，2，3，4，5；乙：1，3，5，7，9；丙：1，2，3；丁：1，3，5.其中方差最小的一组是________．6. (2017²景德镇期末)已知cos ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫θ＋5π12＝－22，且θ为锐角，则cos ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫π4－θ的值为________．7. (2017²吉林二模)设{a n }是公差不为零的等差数列，满足a 24＋a 25＝a 26＋a 27，则该数列的前10项和等于________．8. (2017²长沙长郡中学月考)中国古代数学著作《算法统综》中有这样一个问题：“三百七十八里关，初步健步不为难，次日脚痛减一半，六朝才得到其关，要见次日行里数，请公仔细算相还”．其大意为：“有一个人走378里路，第一天健步行走，从第二天起脚痛每天走的路程为前一天的一半，走了6天后到达目的地”．则该人第五天走的路程为________里．9. (2016²新课标Ⅰ卷)已知函数f(x)＝sin(ωx ＋φ)(ω>0，|φ|≤π2)，x ＝－π4为f(x)的零点，x ＝π4为y ＝f(x)图象的对称轴，且f(x)在区间(π18，5π36)上单调，则ω的最大值为________．10. (2017²周口期末)若P(2，－1)为圆x 2＋y 2－2x －24＝0的弦AB 的中点，则直线AB 的方程为________．11. (2017²合肥一模)已知直线y ＝b 与函数f(x)＝2x ＋3和g(x)＝ax ＋ln x 分别交于A ，B 两点．若AB 的最小值为2，则a ＋b ＝________．12. (2017²肇庆二模)已知AB →⊥AC →，|AB →|＝1t ，|AC →|＝t.若P 点是△ABC 所在平面内一点，且AP →＝AB →|AB →|＋AC →|AC →|，则当t 变化时，PB →²PC →的最大值为________．13. (2017²保定易县中学月考)设数列{a n }是等比数列，公比q ＝2，S n 为{a n }的前n 项和．记T n ＝9S n －S 2n a n ＋1(n∈N *)，则数列{T n }最大项的值为________．14. (2017²南昌一模)定义在R 上的偶函数f(x)满足f(2－x)＝f(x)，且当x∈时，f(x)＝ln x －x ＋1.若函数g(x)＝f(x)＋mx 有7个零点，则实数m 的取值范围是____________．练习三1. (2017²沈阳质量监测)已知集合A ＝{x|x(x －3)＜0}，B ＝{－1，0，1，2，3}，则A∩B ＝__________．2. (2017²牡丹江一高期末)抛物线x 2＝－8y 的准线方程是____________．3. (2017²南宁、梧州联考)设i 是虚数单位，如果复数a －i 2＋i 的实部与虚部互为相反数，那么实数a ＝__________．4. (2017²岳阳一模)将参加数学竞赛决赛的500名同学编号为001，002，…，500，采用系统抽样的方法抽取一个容量为50的样本，且随机抽的号码为003，这500名学生分别在三个考点考试，从001到200在第一考点，从201到355在第二考点，从356到500在第三考点，则第二考点被抽中的人数为__________．5. (2017²乐山一模)阅读如图的算法流程图，运行相应的程序，输出S 的值为__________．6. (2017²东莞教学质量检查)从六个数1，3，4，6，7，9中任取2个数，则这两个数的平均数恰好是5的概率为________．7. (2017²漳州八校联考)数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n ，且S n ＝2a n －1，则{a n }的通项公式为a n ＝________．8. (2017²珠海期末)若圆C 经过坐标原点和点(4，0)，且与直线y ＝1相切，则圆C 的方程是__________．9. (2017²广东、江西、福建三省十校联考)已知函数f(x)＝2sin(ωx ＋φ)＋1(ω＞0，|φ|≤π2)，其图象与直线y ＝－1相邻两个交点的距离为π.若f(x)＞1对∀x ∈⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫－π12，π3恒成立，则φ的取值范围是__________．10. (2017²济南一中期末)如图，在正三棱柱ABCA 1B 1C 1中，底面边长和侧棱长都是2，D 是侧棱CC 1上任意一点，E 是A 1B 1的中点，则三棱锥CABE 的体积为__________．11. (2017²韶关模拟)在正方体ABCDA 1B 1C 1D 1中，E ，F 分别是棱AD ，DD 1的中点．若AB ＝4，则过点B ，E ，F 的平面截该正方体所得的截面面积S ＝__________．12. (2017²重庆永川中学期末)若点M 是边长为2的正方形ABCD 的内切圆内(含边界)一动点，则MA →²MB →的取值范围是__________．13. (2017²沈阳一模)已知函数f(x)＝|log 3 x|，实数m ，n 满足0＜m ＜n ，且f(m)＝f(n)．若f(x)在上的最大值为2，则nm＝__________．14. (2017²合肥一中)已知数列{a n }是各项均为正数，首项为1的等差数列，S n 为其前n 项和．若数列{S n }也为等差数列，则S n ＋8a n ＋1的最小值是____________．练习四1. (2017²衡阳期末)已知集合A ＝{x|log 12x ＞－1}，B ＝|x|2x＞2|，则A∪B＝__________．2. (2017²天水三中一模)设复数z ＝1＋i(i 是虚数单位)，则2z ＋z 2＝__________．3. (2017²揭阳一中、潮州金中联考)在双曲线x 2a 2－y 2b 2＝1(a ＞0，b ＞0，c ＝a 2＋b 2)中，已知c ，2a ，2b 成等比数列，则该双曲线的离心率为________．4. (2017²北京四中期中)从A ，B ，C ，D ，E 这5名学生中随机选出2人，A 被选中的概率为________．5. (2017²绵阳二模)某市在“国际禁毒日”期间，连续若干天发布了“珍爱生命，远离毒品”的电视公益广告，期望让更多的市民知道毒品的危害性，禁毒志愿者为了了解这则广告的宣传效果，随机抽取了100名年龄阶段在的市民进行问卷调查，由此得到样本频率分布直方图如图所示：则随机抽取的市民中年龄段在时，f(x)＝－x 2＋1，如果函数g(x)＝f(x)－a|x|恰有8个零点，则实数a 的值为________．练习五1. (2016²绍兴诸暨中学期中)设集合A＝{x|x2－x－2＜0}，B＝{0，1，2}，则A∩B＝________．2. (2017²福建质检)已知复数z＝m＋2i，且(2＋i)z是纯虚数，则实数m＝________．3. (2017²哈尔滨三中期末)已知袋中装有2个红球和2个白球，随机抽取2个球，则2球都是红球的概率为________．4. (2017²长春外国语学校期末)如图所给的程序运行结果为S＝35，那么判断框中应填入的关于k的条件是____________．5. (2017²双鸭山一中期末)已知抛物线y＝ax2的准线方程为y＝－2，则实数a＝________．6. (2017²襄阳联考)某研究小组到社区了解参加健美操运动人员的情况，用分层抽样的方法抽取了40人进行调查，按照年龄分成五个小组：，(40，50]，(50，60]，(60，70]，(70，80]，并绘制成如图所示的频率分布直方图．则该社区参加健美操运动人员的平均年龄为________．7. (2017²广州荔湾实验中学)在各项均为正数的等比数列{a n }中，a 1＝2且a 2，a 4＋2，a 5成等差数列．记S n 是数列{a n }的前n 项和，则S 5＝________．8.(2017²泰安期末)函数y ＝log 2(x 2－2x －3)的定义域为________．9.(2017²广元宝轮中学月考)圆x 2＋y 2－2x －8y ＋13＝0的圆心到直线ax ＋y －1＝0的距离为1，则a ＝________．10.(2017²天水二中期末)已知函数f(x)＝sin(π3x ＋φ)⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫|φ|＜π2的图象关于直线x ＝1对称，把f(x)的图象向右平移3个单位长度后，所得图象对应的函数解析式为__________．11.(2016²集宁一中期中)将长、宽分别为4和3的长方形ABCD 沿对角线AC 折起，得到四面体ABCD ，则四面体ABCD 的外接球的体积为__________．12.(2017²成都外国语学校月考)实数x ，y 满足2cos 2(x ＋y －1)＝（x ＋1）2＋（y －1）2－2xyx －y ＋1，则xy 的最小值为________．13.(2017²重庆永川中学期中)已知圆O 为Rt △ABC 的内切圆，AC ＝3，BC ＝4，∠C ＝90°，过圆心O 的直线l 交圆O 于P ，Q 两点，则BP →²CQ →的取值范围是__________．14.(2017²成都石室中学期中)若存在两个正实数x ，y ，使得等式2x ＋a(y －2ex)(ln y －ln x)＝0成立，则实数a 的取值范围是__________．练习六1. (2017²珠海期末)若A ＝{x|0＜x ＜2}，B ＝{x|1≤x ＜2}，则A∪B＝__________．2. (2017²天津红桥区期末)甲、乙两人射击比赛，两人平的概率是12，甲获胜的概率是13，则甲不输的概率为__________．3. (2016²天津六校期末)若复数2－bi1＋2i (b∈R ，i 为虚数单位)的实部和虚部互为相反数，则b ＝________．4. (2016²成都外国语学校期中)某商场在国庆黄金周的促销活动中，对10月2日9时至14时的销售额进行统计，其频率分布直方图如图所示．已知9时至10时的销售额为2.5万元，则11时至12时的销售额为__________万元．5. (2016²徐汇一模)函数f(x)＝sin ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫2x －π4(x∈R )的单调递增区间是________．6. (2016²广州一模)执行如图所示的算法流程图．如果输入x ＝3，则输出k 的值为________．7. (2016²泉州质检)已知抛物线C ：y 2＝2px(p ＞0)的焦点为F ，P 为C 上一点．若|PF|＝4，点P 到y 轴的距离等于3，则点F 的坐标为________．8. (2016²揭阳普宁二中)在等比数列{a n }中，公比q ＞1，a 2＝2，前三项和S 3＝7，则数列{a n }的通项公式为________．9. (2017²天水期末)如图，平面ABEF⊥平面ABC ，四边形ABEF 为矩形，AC ＝BC ，O 为AB 的中点，OF ⊥EC.若AC ＝3，AB ＝2，则三棱锥OCEF 的体积为________．10. (2016²成都一诊)已知菱形ABCD 的边长为2，∠B ＝π3，点P 满足AP →＝λAB →，λ∈R .若BD →²CP →＝－3，则λ的值为________．11. (2016²汕头金山中学期末)已知P 是抛物线y 2＝4x 上的一个动点，Q 是圆(x －3)2＋(y －1)2＝1上的一个动点，N(1，0)是一个定点，则|PQ|＋|PN|的最小值为________．12. (2016²廊坊期末)在△ABC 中，角A ，B ，C 的对边分别是a ，b ，c.若sin B ＝2sin C ，a 2－b 2＝32bc ，则角A 等于________．13. (2017²滨州期末)已知直线ax －by ＋8＝0(a ＞0，b ＞0)经过x 2＋y 2＋4x －4y ＝0的圆心，则1a ＋1b的最小值为__________．14. (2016²成都一诊)如图，某房地产公司要在一块矩形宽阔地面上开发物业，阴影部分是不能开发的古建筑群，且要求用在一条直线上的栅栏进行隔离．古建筑群的边界为曲线y ＝1－43x 2的一部分，栅栏与矩形区域边界交于点M ，N ，则△MON 面积的最小值为________．练习七1. (2016²南阳期末)已知集合A ＝{x|x ＝3n ＋2，n ∈N }，B ＝{6，8，10，12，14}，则集合A∩B 中元素的个数为________．2. (2016²遵义联考)一个总体中有60个个体，随机编号0，1，2，…，59，依编号顺序平均分成6个小组，组号依次为1，2，3，…，6.现用系统抽样方法抽取一个容量为6的样本，若在第1组随机抽取的号码为3，则在第5组中抽取的号码是________．3. (2016²成都一诊)设复数z 满足－iz ＝(3＋2i)(1－i)(其中i 为虚数单位)，则z ＝________．4. (2016²桂林、崇左一模)已知一个算法的算法流程图如图所示．当输出的结果为0时，则输入的x 的值为________．5. (2016²广东月考)已知双曲线x 23－16y 2p 2＝1的左焦点在抛物线y 2＝2px 的准线上，则p＝________．6. (2016²广东四校联考)从甲、乙、丙、丁4个人中随机选取两人，则甲、乙两人中有且只有一个被选取的概率为________．7. (2016²漳州长泰一中)设等比数列{a n }的各项均为正数，且a 5a 6＋a 4a 7＝18，则log 3 a 1＋log 3 a 2＋…＋log 3 a 10＝________．8. (2016²嵊州期末)已知函数y ＝f(x)的图象是由函数y ＝sin ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫2x ＋π6的图象向左平移π6个单位得到的，则f ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫π3＝________．9. (2016²台州期末)若函数f(x)＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x ，x ≤1，⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫12x －1，x ＞1，则不等式f(x 2－3)＞f(12x)的解集为________．10. (2016²泉州南安一中月考)已知一个正四面体的棱长为2，则其外接球表面积为________．11. (2016²嘉兴期末)已知圆心在原点，半径为R 的圆与△ABC 的边有公共点，其中A(4，0)，B(6，8)，C(2，4)，则R 的取值范围是________．12. (2016²台州期末)如图，等边△ABC 的边长为2，△ADE 也是等边三角形且边长为1，M 为DE 的中心．在△ABC 所在平面内，△ADE 绕A 逆时针旋转一周，则BD →²AM →的最大值为________．13. (2016²济宁期末)已知直线l 1：kx －y ＋4＝0与直线l 2：x ＋ky －3＝0(k≠0)分别过定点A ，B ，又l 1，l 2相交于点M ，则MA²MB 的最大值为________．14. (2016²桂林、崇左一模)若函数f(x)＝(x 2－cx ＋5)e x在区间⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤12，4上单调递增，则实数c 的取值范围是________．练习八1. (2016²天津六校期末)设全集U ＝{1，2，3，4，5，6，7}，M ＝{2，3，4，6}，N ＝{1，4，5}，则(∁U M )∩N＝________．2.(2016²日照一中期末)已知1－bi1＋2i＝a ＋i(a ，b ∈R )，其中i 为虚数单位，则a ＋b ＝________．3.(2016²兰陵期末)某校高中三个年级共有24个班，学校为了了解同学们的心理状况，将每个班编号，依次为1到24.现用系统抽样方法，抽取4个班进行调查，若抽到编号之和为48，则抽到的最小编号为________．4.(2016²日照一中期末)如图是一个算法的流程图．若输入x 的值为2，则输出y 的值是_________．5.(2016²廊坊期末)从集合{0，2，4，6，8}中随机取一个数m ，从集合{0，4，8}中随机取一个数n ，则事件“m≤n”发生的概率是________．6.(2016²嘉兴期末)已知函数f(x)＝Asin(ωx ＋φ)⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫ω＞0，|φ|＜π2的部分图象如图所示，则f(π)＝________．7.(2016²桂林、崇左一模)已知双曲线x 24－y 2b 2＝1(b ＞0)的离心率等于33b ，则该双曲线的焦距为________．8. (2016²日照一中期末)已知x ，y 满足约束条件⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x －y ＋6≥0，x ≤3，x ＋y ＋k≥0，且z ＝2x ＋4y 的最小值为6，则常数k ＝________．9. (2016²宁波期末)已知实数{a n }是等比数列．若a 2a 5a 8＝8，则a 1a 9＋a 1a 5＋a 5a 9的最小值是________．10. (2016²成都七中月考)《算数书》竹简于上世纪八十年代在湖北省江陵县张家山出土，这是我国现存最早的有系统的数学典籍，其中记载有求“囷盖”的术：置如其周，令相乘也，又以高乘之，三十六成一．该术相当于给出了由圆锥的底面周长L 与高h ，计算其体积V 的近似公式V≈136L 2h ，它实际上是将圆锥体积公式中的圆周率π近似取为3，那么，近似公式V≈275L 2h 相当于将圆锥体积公式中的π近似取为________．11. (2016²天津六校期末)在圆O 中，弦AB ＝2，AC ＝7，则AO →²BC →的值为________． 12. (2016²开封期末)已知定义在R 上的奇函数f(x)满足f(x ＋2)＝－f(x)．若f(－1)＞－2，f(－7)＝a ＋13－2a，则实数a 的取值范围是________．13. (2016²台州期末)已知直线2ax ＋by ＝1(其中a ，b 为非零实数)与圆x 2＋y 2＝1相交于A ，B 两点，O 为坐标原点，且△AOB 为直角三角形，则1a 2＋2b2的最小值为________．14. (2016²南阳期末)已知函数f(x)＝ax 3－3x 2＋1.若f(x)存在唯一的零点x 0，且x 0＞0，则实数a 的取值范围是________．练习九1. (2016²嵊州期末)设集合U ＝{1，2，3，4}，A ＝{1，4}，B ＝{2}，则B∪(∁U A)＝________．2. (2016²朝阳一模)已知i 为虚数单位，则复数2i 1＋i＝________．3. (2016²腾冲一模)双曲线x 24－y2b 2＝1(b ＞0)的焦距为6，则双曲线的渐近线方程为________．4. (2016²天津新华中学期末)以下茎叶图记录了甲、乙两组各五名学生在一次英语听力测试中的成绩(单位：分)．已知甲组数据的中位数为15，乙组数据的平均数为16.8，则x ，y 的值分别为________．5. (2016²郑州一测)273，则判断框处应补充的条件为________．6. (2016²广州一模)如果函数f(x)＝cos(ωx ＋π4)(ω>0)的相邻两个零点之间的距离为π6，则ω的值为________． 7. (2016²徐汇期末)正四面体的四个面上分别写有数字0，1，2，3.把两个这样的四面体抛在桌面上，则露在外面的6个数字之和恰好是9的概率为________．8. (2016²南阳期末)设等比数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n ，满足a n ＞0，q ＞1，且a 3＋a 5＝20，a 2a 6＝64，则S 6＝________．9. (2015²上海长宁区期末)现有如下命题： ① 函数y ＝sin 4x －cos 4x 的最小正周期是2π； ② 终边在y 轴上的角的集合是{α|α＝k π2，k ∈Z }；③ 在同一坐标系中，函数y ＝sin x 的图象和函数y ＝x 的图象只有一个公共点； ④ 把函数y ＝3sin ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫2x ＋π3的图象向右平移π6得到y ＝3sin 2x 的图象； ⑤ 在△ABC 中，若acos B ＝bcos A ，则△ABC 是等腰三角形； 其中真命题是________．(填序号)10. (2016²廊坊期末)用一个边长为2 cm 的正方形硬纸，按各边中点垂直折起四个小三角形，做成一个蛋巢．现将半径为 2 cm 的球体放置于蛋巢上，则球体球心与蛋巢底面的距离为________．11. (2016²南阳期末)如图，在平行四边形ABCD 中，已知AB ＝8，AD ＝4，CP →＝3PD →，AP →²BP →＝2，则AB →²AD →的值是________．12. (2016²天津六校期末)已知圆C ：(x －2)2＋y 2＝1，若直线y ＝k(x ＋1)上存在点P ，使得过P 向圆C 作两条切线所成的角为π3，则实数k 的取值范围是________．13. (2016²广东四校期末)设第一象限内的点(x ，y)满足约束条件⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧2x －y －6≤0，x －y ＋2≥0.若目标函数z ＝ax ＋by(a ＞0，b ＞0)的最大值为40，则5a ＋1b的最小值为________．14. (2016²廊坊期末)已知函数f(x)＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x ＋1，0≤x ≤1，⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫12x ＋1，x ＞1.设a ＞b≥0，若f(a)＝f(b)，则b²f(a)的取值范围是________．练习十1. (2016²开封期末)设集合A ＝{x|2x －2＜1}，B ＝{x|1－x ≥0}，则A∩B＝________．2.(2016²开封期末)若复数z ＝a ＋3i1－2i (a∈R ，i 是虚数单位)是纯虚数，则在复平面内z对应点的坐标为________．3.(2016²肇庆四中月考)如图，是一个算法伪代码．若输入x ＝－2，则输出的y 值为________．Read xIf x ＞1 Then y←x Else y←x 2＋1 End If Print y4.(2016²郑州一测)设双曲线x 2a 2－y2b 2＝1的一条渐近线为y ＝－2x ，且一个焦点与抛物线y 2＝4x 的焦点相同，则此双曲线的方程为________．5.(2016²漳州东山二中期中)某校共有400名学生参加了一次数学竞赛，竞赛成绩都在内，且频率分布直方图如图所示(成绩分组为，则在本次竞赛中，得分不低于80分的人数为________．6.(2016²郑州一测)抛掷两枚质地均匀的骰子，得到的点数分别为a ，b ，那么直线bx ＋ay ＝1的斜率k≥－25的概率是________．7.(2016²江西名校联考)已知函数y ＝cos x 与y ＝sin(2x ＋φ)(0≤φ≤π)的图象有一个横坐标为π3的交点，则常数φ的值为________．8.(2016²广州一模)一个六棱柱的底面是正六边形，侧棱垂直于底面，所有棱的长都为1，顶点都在同一个球面上，则该球的体积为________．9.(2016²南阳期末)已知数列{a n }满足a n ＋1＋2a n ＝0，a 2＝－6，则{a n }的前10项和等于________．10.(2016²珠海期末)已知一元二次不等式f(x)＜0的解集为⎩⎨⎧⎭⎬⎫x|x ＜－1或x ＞12，则f(10x)＞0的解集为__________．11.(2016²南昌二中月考)已知向量AB →与AC →的夹角为120°，且|AB →|＝2，|AC →|＝3.若AF →＝λAB →＋AC →，且AF →⊥BC →，则实数λ的值为________．12.(2016²太原一模)圆心在曲线y ＝2x (x ＞0)上，且与直线2x ＋y ＋1＝0相切的面积最小的圆的方程为________．13.(2016²南昌二中月考)已知a ，b 都是负实数，则a a ＋2b ＋ba ＋b的最小值是________．14.(2016²开封期末)若曲线y＝12ex2与曲线y＝aln x在它们的公共点P(s，t)处具有公共切线，则实数a＝________．第二部分 解答题练习一1. (2017²漳州长泰一中)在△ABC 中，内角A ，B ，C 所对的边分别为a ，b ，c ，已知tan ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫π4＋A ＝2.(1) 求sin 2Asin 2A ＋cos 2A的值；(2) 若B ＝π4，a ＝3，求△ABC 的面积．2.(2017²乐山一模)如图，在四棱锥SABCD 中，底面ABCD 是菱形，SA ⊥平面ABCD ，M ，N 分别为SA ，CD 的中点．求证：(1) 直线MN∥平面SBC ； (2) 平面SBD⊥平面SAC.3. (2016²徐汇一模)某地拟建造一座大型体育馆，其设计方案侧面的外轮廓如图所示：曲线AB 是以点E 为圆心的圆的一部分，其中E(0，t)(0＜t≤25)；曲线BC 是抛物线y ＝－ax2＋50(a ＞0)的一部分；CD⊥AD，且CD 恰好等于圆E 的半径．假定拟建体育馆的高OB ＝50 m.(1) 若t ＝20，a ＝149，求CD ，AD 的长度；(2) 若要求体育馆侧面的最大宽度DF不超过75 m，求a的取值范围；(3) 若a＝125，求AD的最大值．4.(2017²东城区期末)已知椭圆C ：x 2a 2＋y 2b 2＝1(a ＞b ＞0)经过点M(2，0)，离心率为12.A ，B 是椭圆C 上两点，且直线OA ，OB 的斜率之积为－34，O 为坐标原点．(1) 求椭圆C 的方程；(2) 若射线OA 上的点P 满足|PO|＝3|OA|，且PB 与椭圆交于点Q ，求BPBQ 的值．5.(2017²日照一模)已知数列{a n }满足a 1＝1，a n ＋1＝1－14a n，其中n∈N *.(1) 设b n ＝22a n －1，求证：数列{b n }是等差数列，并求出数列{a n }的通项公式； (2) 设c n ＝4a n n ＋1，数列{c n c n ＋2}的前n 项和为T n ，是否存在正整数m ，使得T n <1c m c m ＋1对于n∈N*恒成立？若存在，求出m 的最小值；若不存在，请说明理由．6.(2017²海南五指山中学)已知函数f(x)＝ae x－be－x－cx(a，b，c∈R)的导函数f′(x)为偶函数，且曲线y＝f(x)在点(0，f(0))处的切线的斜率为2－c.(1) 确定a，b的值；(2) 当c＝1时，判断f(x)的单调性；(3) 若f(x)有极值，求c的取值范围．练习二1. (2017²九江一模)在△ABC中，内角A，B，C所对的边分别为a，b，c，已知3b＝4c，B＝2C.(1) 求sin B的值；(2) 若b＝4，求△ABC的面积．2.(2017²北京昌平区期末)在三棱锥PABC中，PA⊥平面ABC，AB＝AC，点M，N分别为BC，AB中点．求证：(1) MN∥平面PAC；(2) 平面PBC⊥平面PAM.3.(2017²济宁期末)2016年双十一期间，某电子产品销售商促销某种电子产品，该产品的成本为2元/件，通过市场分析，双十一期间该电子产品销售量y(单位：千件)与销售价格x(单位：元)之间满足关系式：y ＝a x －2＋2x 2－35x ＋170(其中2＜x ＜8，a 为常数)，且已知当销售价格为3元/件时，该电子产品销售量为89千件．(1) 求实数a 的值及双十一期间销售该电子产品获得的总利润L(x)；(2) 销售价格x 为多少时，所获得的总利润L(x)最大？求出总利润L(x)的最大值． 4. (2017²玉林陆川中学期末)已知椭圆C ：x 2a 2＋y2b 2＝1(a ＞b ＞0)短轴的两个顶点与右焦点的连线构成等边三角形，直线3x ＋4y ＋6＝0与圆x 2＋(y －b)2＝a 2相切．(1) 求椭圆C 的方程；(2) 已知过椭圆C 的左顶点A 的两条直线l 1，l 2分别交椭圆C 于M ，N 两点，且l 1⊥l 2，求证：直线MN 过定点，并求出定点坐标；(3) 在(2)的条件下求△AMN 面积的最大值．5.(2017²菏泽期末)已知数列{a n }，{b n }，S n 为数列{a n }的前n 项和，且S n ＋1－(n ＋1)＝S n＋a n ＋n ，a 1＝b 1＝1，b n ＋1＝3b n ＋2，n ∈N *.(1) 求数列{a n }，{b n }的通项公式；(2) 令c n ＝2（a n ＋n ）n （b n ＋1），求数列{c n }的前n 项和T n .6.(2016²南宁、梧州联考)已知函数f(x)＝ln x －x 2＋x. (1) 求函数f(x)的单调区间；(2) 求证：当a≥2时，关于x 的不等式f(x)＜⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫a 2－1x 2＋ax －1恒成立；(3) 若正实数x 1，x 2满足f(x 1)＋f(x 2)＋2(x 21＋x 22)＋x 1x 2＝0，求证：x 1＋x 2≥5－12.练习三1. (2017²唐山一模)已知△ABC 的内角A ，B ，C 的对边分别为a ，b ，c ，a 2＋b 2＝λab. (1) 若λ＝6，B ＝5π6，求sin A ；(2) 若λ＝4，AB 边上的高为3c6，求C.2.(2017²合肥一中)如图，在四棱锥PABCD 中，PA ⊥平面ABCD ，底面ABCD 为直角梯形，AB ⊥AD ，AB ∥CD ，CD ＝AD ＝2AB ＝2AP.(1) 求证：平面PCD⊥平面PAD ；(2) 在侧棱PC 上是否存在点E ，使得BE∥平面PAD ？若存在，确定点E 的位置；若不存在，请说明理由．3. (2017²普宁华侨中学)某风景区在一个直径AB 为100米的半圆形花园中设计一条观光线路(如图)．在点A 与圆弧上的一点C 之间设计为直线段小路，在路的两侧边缘种植绿化带；从点C 到点B 设计为沿弧的弧形小路，在路的一侧边缘种植绿化带．(注：小路及绿化带的宽度忽略不计)(1) 设∠BAC＝θ(弧度)，将绿化带总长度表示为θ的函数S(θ)； (2) 试确定θ的值，使得绿化带总长度最大．4.(2017²邵阳第一次联考)如图，已知椭圆C ：x 2a 2＋y2b 2＝1，其中a>b>0，F 1，F 2分别为其左、右焦点，点P 是椭圆C 上一点，PO ⊥F 2M ，且F 1M →＝λMP →.(1) 当a ＝22，b ＝2，且PF 2⊥F 1F 2时，求λ的值； (2) 若λ＝2，试求椭圆C 离心率e 的取值范围．5.(2017²邯郸曲周一中月考)已知等差数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n ，非常数等比数列{b n }的公比是q ，且满足a 1＝2，b 1＝1，S 2＝3b 2，a 2＝b 3.(1) 求a n 与b n ；a n(2) 设c n＝2b n－λ²32.若数列{c n}是递减数列，求实数λ的取值范围．6.(2017²莆田二十四中)已知函数f(x)＝ax ＋bx 2＋1在点(－1，f(－1))的切线方程为x ＋y ＋3＝0.(1) 求函数f(x)的解析式；(2) 设g(x)＝ln x ，求证：g(x)≥f(x)在x∈的图象，且图象的最高点为A(－1，2)．中间部分是长为1千米的直线段BC ，且BC∥MN.新步道的最后一部分是以原点O 为圆心的一段圆弧CN.(1) 试确定ω，φ的值；(2) 若计划在扇形OCN 区域内划出面积尽可能大的矩形区域建服务站，并要求矩形一边EF 紧靠道路MN ，顶点Q 落在半径OC 上，另一顶点P 落在圆弧CN 上．记∠PON＝θ，请问矩形EFPQ 面积最大时θ应取何值，并求出最大面积？4.(2017²深圳一调)已知椭圆C ：x 2a 2＋y2b 2＝1(a>b>0)的左右顶点分别为A 1，A 2，上下顶点分别为B 2，B 1，左右焦点分别为F 1，F 2，其中长轴长为4，且圆O ：x 2＋y 2＝127为菱形A 1B 1A 2B 2的内切圆．(1) 求椭圆C 的方程；(2) 点N(n ，0)为x 轴正半轴上一点，过点N 作椭圆C 的切线l ，记右焦点F 2在l 上的射影为H.若△F1HN的面积不小于316n2，求n的取值范围．5.(2017²北京四中期中)对于无穷数列{a n}与{b n}，记A＝{x|x＝a n，n∈N*}，B＝{x|x＝b n，n∈N*}．若同时满足条件：① {a n}，{b n}均单调递增；② A∩B＝∅且A∪B＝N*，则称{a n}与{b n}是无穷互补数列．(1) 若a n＝2n－1，b n＝4n－2，判断{a n}与{b n}是否为无穷互补数列，并说明理由；(2) 若a n＝2n且{a n}与{b n}是无穷互补数列，求数列{b n}的前16项的和；(3) 若{a n}与{b n}是无穷互补数列，{a n}为等差数列且a16＝36，求{a n}与{b n}的通项公式．6.(2017²珠海一模)已知函数g(x)＝ln xx .(1) 求函数y ＝g(x)的图象在x ＝1e 处的切线方程；(2) 求y ＝g(x)的最大值；(3) 令f(x)＝ax 2＋bx －x²g(x)(a，b ∈R )．若a≥0，求f(x)的单调区间．练习五1. (2017²湖北四地七校联盟)已知函数f(x)＝23²sin 2x ＋2sin xcos x －3⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫π3≤x ≤11π24. (1) 求函数f(x)的值域；(2) 已知锐角三角形ABC 的两边长分别为函数f(x)的最大值与最小值，且△ABC 的外接圆半径为324，求△ABC 的面积．2.(2017²沈阳期末)如图，在四棱锥PABCD 中，已知AB⊥AD，AD ⊥DC ，PA ⊥底面ABCD ，且AB ＝2，PA ＝AD ＝DC ＝1，M 为PC 的中点，N 在AB 上，且BN ＝3AN.求证：(1) 平面PAD⊥平面PDC ； (2) MN∥平面PAD.3.(2017²福建质检)某公司生产一种产品，第一年投入资金1 000万元，出售产品收入40万元，预计以后每年的投入资金是上一年的一半，出售产品所得收入比上一年多80万元，同时，当预计投入的资金低于20万元时，就按20万元投入，且当年出售产品收入与上一年相等．(1) 求第n年的预计投入资金与出售产品的收入；(2) 预计从哪一年起该公司开始盈利？(注：盈利是指总收入大于总投入)4.(2017²怀柔区模拟)已知椭圆E 过点A(2，3)，对称轴为坐标轴，焦点F 1，F 2在x 轴上，离心率e ＝12，∠F 1AF 2的平分线所在直线为l.(1) 求椭圆E 的方程；(2) 设l 与x 轴的交点为Q ，求点Q 的坐标及直线l 的方程；(3) 在椭圆E 上是否存在关于直线l 对称的相异两点？若存在，请找出；若不存在，说明理由．5.(2017²霞浦第一中学期中)设数列{a n }的前n 项和为S n .已知a 1＝2，a 2＝8，S n ＋1＋4S n －1＝5S n (n≥2)，T n 是数列{log 2a n }的前n 项和．(1) 求数列{a n }的通项公式；(2) 求满足⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1－1T 2⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1－1T 3…⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1－1T n ≥1 0092 016的最大正整数n 的值．6.(2017²天津期末)设函数f(x)＝x 3－ax －b ，x ∈R ，其中a ，b ∈R . (1) 求f(x)的单调区间；(2) 若f(x)存在极值点x 0，且f(x 1)＝f(x 0)，其中x 1≠x 0，求证：x 1＋2x 0＝0； (3) 设a>0，函数g(x)＝|f(x)|，求证：g(x)在区间上的最大值不小于14.练习六1. (2017²乐山一模)已知2sin αtan α＝3，且0＜α＜π. (1) 求α的值；(2) 求函数f(x)＝4sin xsin(x －α)在⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤0，π4上的值域．2.(2017²桂林、百色、崇左一模)在四棱锥PABCD 中，∠ABC ＝∠ACD＝90°，∠BAC ＝∠CAD ＝60°，PA ⊥平面ABCD ，E 为PD 的中点，PA ＝2AB ＝2.求证：(1) PC⊥AE； (2) CE∥平面PAB.3. (2017²上海黄浦区一模)现有半径为R 、圆心角(∠AOB)为90°的扇形材料，要裁剪出一个五边形工件OECDF ，如图所示．其中E ，F 分别在OA ，OB 上，C ，D 在AB ︵上，且OE ＝OF ，EC ＝FD ，∠ECD ＝∠CDF＝90°.记∠COD＝2θ，五边形OECDF 的面积为S.(1) 试求S 关于θ的函数关系式； (2) 求S 的最大值．4.(2017²漳州第二片区联考)在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，椭圆C ：x 2a 2＋y2b 2＝1(a ＞b ＞0)的离心率为12，右焦点F(1，0)．(1) 求椭圆C 的方程；(2) 点P 在椭圆C 上，且在第一象限内，直线PQ 与圆O ：x 2＋y 2＝b 2相切于点M ，且OP⊥OQ，求点Q 的纵坐标t 的值．5. (2016²汉阳一中月考)已知数列{a n }为等差数列，a 3＝5，a 4＝2a 2＋a 1. (1) 求数列{a n }的通项公式a n ； (2) 设b n ＝1a n ²a n ＋1，数列{b n }的前n 项和为T n .①求T n；②若T1，T m，T n成等比数列，m＞1，求正整数m，n的值．6.(2017²朝阳区期末)设函数f(x)＝(x－1)e x＋ax2，a∈R.(1) 当a＝1时，求曲线y＝f(x)在点(1，f(1))处的切线方程；(2) 若函数f(x)有两个零点，试求a的取值范围；(3) 设函数g(x)＝ln x＋x－e x＋1，当a＝0时，求证：f(x)－g(x)≥0.练习七1. (2017²江西赣中南五校二模)在△ABC 中，内角A ，B ，C 所对的边分别为a ，b ，c ，已知sin B(tan A ＋tan C)＝tan Atan C.(1) 求证：a ，b ，c 成等比数列； (2) 若a ＝1，c ＝2，求△ABC 的面积S.2.(2017²泰安期末)在四棱锥ABCDE 中，底面BCDE 为菱形，侧面ABE 为等边三角形，且侧面ABE⊥底面BCDE ，O ，F 分别为BE ，DE 的中点，点P 在AC 上，且AP ＝13AC.求证：(1) 平面ACE⊥平面AOF ； (2) BP∥平面AOF.3. (2016²济南期末)第二届世界互联网大会在浙江省乌镇开幕后，某科技企业为抓住互联网带来的机遇，决定开发生产一款大型电子设备．生产这种设备的年固定成本为500万元，每生产x 台，需另投入成本为C ()x 万元．若年产量不足80台时，C ()x ＝12x 2＋40x(万元)；若年产量不小于80台时， C ()x ＝101x ＋8 100x－2 180(万元)．每台设备售价为100万元，通过市场分析，该企业生产的电子设备能全部售完．(1) 求年利润y(万元)关于年产量x(台)的函数关系式；(2) 年产量为多少台时，该企业在这一电子设备的生产中所获利润最大？4.(2017²南昌一模)已知椭圆C ：x 2a 2＋y2b 2＝1(a>b>0)的左、右顶点分别为A 1，A 2，左、右焦点分别为F 1，F 2，离心率为12，点B(4，0)，F 2为线段A 1B 的中点．(1) 求椭圆C 的方程；(2) 若过点B 且斜率不为0的直线l 与椭圆C 的交于M ，N 两点，已知直线A 1M 与A 2N 相交于点G ，试判断点G 是否在定直线上？若是，请求出定直线的方程；若不是，请说明理由．。

江苏省高考2018年高三招生考试20套模拟测试 英语试题一 含解析

江苏省高考2018年高三招生考试20套模拟测试 英语试题一 含解析

实战演练·高三英语20套第页(共160页)江苏省普通高等学校招生考试高三模拟测试卷(一) 英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分.满分120分，考试时间120分钟.第Ⅰ卷(选择题共80分)第一部分：听力(共两节，满分15分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置.听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍.()1. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. In a cafeteria.B. In a restaurant.C. In a supermarket.()2. Why does Jack stop playing sports now?A. He is too busy.B. He has lost the interest.C. The training is too hard.()3. What does the woman mean?A. She is a visitor.B. She just moved in here.C. She knows the manager.()4. What are the speakers talking about?A. Buying DVDs.B. Borrowing DVDs.C. Sharing DVDs.()5. How does the woman find the tickets?A. They are hard to get.B. They are cheap.C. They are expensive.第二节(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)听下面4段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置.听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍.听第6段材料，回答第6、7题.()6. What will the boy do after lunch?A. Have some dessert.B. Clean up his toys.C. Try a new game.()7. Who might the woman be?A. Frankie's mother.B. Frankie's babysitter.C. Frankie's sister.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题.()8. What is Jane's problem?A. She can't have lunch with Dr. Pasteur tomorrow.B. She forgets the appointment with Dr. Pasteur.C. She can't meet Dr. Pasteur tomorrow morning at 9 a．m.()9. How long is the appointment postponed?A. Three hours and forty－five minutes.B. Four hours and fifteen minutes.C. Six hours.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题.()10. What did Mr. Tang major in the university?A. Chinese.B. Journalism.C. International operation.()11. What was Mr. Tang responsible for when he worked in a media company?A. Gathering the international news.B. Writing the current reports.C. Expanding the operation.()12. Why would Mr. Tang like to work in China?A. He can have a good chance to meet his parents.B. He can make good use of his operation ability.C. He can make good use of his Chinese and English.听第9段材料，回答第13至15题.()13. What can the iMaid do?A. Wash dishes.B. Dry the clothes.C. Clean up dirt from floors.()14. How long can the iMaid work after being charged?A. Three hours.B. Ten hours.C. Thirteen hours.()15. According to the talk, what is the best thing about the iMaid?A. The special gift worth $49.B. The price.C. The service contract.第二部分：英语基础知识运用(共两节，满分35分)第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)请阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.()16. — Tu Youyou and the other two scientists jointly won the 2015 Nobel Prize for medicine for their work against parasitic diseases.—They deserve it. The consequences ________ improved human health and reducedsuffering are immeasurable.A. in honor ofB. in terms ofC. in defense ofD. in hopes of()17. A teacher's job is not to tell the students what to believe or value, but to ________ them to develop a worldview for themselves.A. urgeB. rankC. persuadeD. equip()18. So why not, he reasoned, ________ the boy a few minutes to explain the whole affair?A. to spareB. sparingC. spareD. spared()19. He ________ himself to a search by the guards before entering the government building.A. objectedB. submittedC. compromisedD. identified()20. — It is reported that Papiss Cisse and Jonny Evans were charged with spitting by the Football Association.—I think spitting is one of the most disgusting things that ________ happen in the game, but yet it is not the worst.A. mustB. shallC. shouldD. can()21. Our mothers sat us down to read and paint, ________ all we really wanted to do was to make a mess.A. sinceB. asC. unlessD. when()22. I needn't have been in such a hurry. The flight to Hong Kong ________ due to the typhoon.A. has cancelledB. was cancelledC. will be cancellingD. had cancelled()23. — A study suggests reducing energy demand in the future may ________ urban areas.—That's true. Cities need more energy than small towns or other rural areas.A. center onB. act onC. hang onD. catch on()24. Tech－free tourism refers to traveling without a mobile phone or similar devices, particularly to places ________ block or cannot access Internet and cellular signals.A. thatB. whereC. whenD. who()25. —Have you heard of Gong Xingfang, who is experienced in taking care of mothers and newborns in Shanghai?—Yes. It is reported that she can earn 14，000 yuan ($2，252) a month now and anyone who wants to hire her has to make an ________ half a year in advance.A. assessmentB. accommodationC. appointmentD. occupation()26. My brother hopes that he ________ computer science instead of history when he graduated from the university.A. studiesB. studiedC. had studiedD. has studied()27. A Chinese student's print－like handwriting caused controversy among British Internet users，________ both praise and questions about individuality.A. drewB. drawingC. to drawD. having drawn()28. British government is planning to run a pilot scheme that will allow Chinese tourists to get a two－year tourist visa for ￡85—these cost ￡324.A. currentlyB. apparentlyC. frequentlyD. similarly()29. Some experts hold the view that fundamental construction is ________ the key to the little island development lies.A. whichB. whatC. whereD. why()30. — His father always tells him to stop telling lies, which falls on deaf ears.—I think he will suffer the consequences. ________．A. You reap what you sowB. Justice has long armsC. Honesty is the best policyD. Lies have short legs第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.The continuous presentation of frightening stories about global warming in the popular media makes us unnecessarily frightened. Even worse, it __31__ our kids.Al Gore famously __32__ how a sea－level rise of 20 feet would almost completely __33__ Florida, New York, Holland, and Shanghai, __34__ the United Nations says that such a thing will not even happen, __35__ that sea levels will rise 20 times less than that.When __36__ with these exaggerations(夸大), some of us say that they are for a good cause,and surely there is no __37__ done if the result is that we focus even more on dealing with climate change.This __38__ is astonishingly wrong. Such exaggerations do plenty of harm. Worrying extremely about global warming means that we worry less about other things，__39__ we could do so much more good. We focus, __40__，on global warming's impact on malaria(疟疾) —which will put more people at __41__ in 100 years—instead of helping the half a billion people __42__ from malaria today with prevention and treatment policies that are much cheaper and dramatically more __43__ than carbon reduction would be.Exaggeration also wears out the public's __44__ to cope with global warming. If the planet is certain to be destroyed __45__ global warming, people wonder, why should we do anything?The __46__ cost of exaggeration, I believe, is the unnecessary alarm that it causes —particularly among children. An article in The Washington Post mentioned nine－year－old Alyssa, who cries about the possibility of mass animal __47__ from global warming.The newspaper also reported that parents are __48__ effective outlets for their 8－year－olds' concern with dying polar bears. They might be better off educating them and letting them know that, __49__ to common belief, the global polar bear population has doubled over the past half－century, to about 22，000. __50__ the possible disappearing of summer Arctic ice, polar bears will live on with us.()31. A. exhausts B. amazes C. terrifies D. interests()32. A. dismissed B. determined C. denied D. described()33. A. cover B. flood C. reduce D. expand()34. A. even though B. as if C. in that D. in case()35. A. measuring B. proving C. estimating D. advocating()36. A. faced B. identified C. filled D. entitled()37. A. good B. harm C. benefit D. disadvantage()38. A. announcement B. argument C. story D. dialogue()39. A. when B. what C. where D. which()40. A. for example B. in addition C. on average D. in short()41. A. peace B. random C. ease D. risk()42. A. prohibiting B. escaping C. developing D. suffering()43. A. effective B. accurate C. complex D. temporary()44. A. ability B. sense C. willingness D. preference()45. A. due to B. except for C. regardless of D. along with()46. A. smallest B. worst C. fewest D. least()47. A. ruling out B. running out C. dropping out D. dying out()48. A. turning out B. taking over C. searching for D. pulling through()49. A. sensitive B. contrary C. related D. accustomed()50. A. Except B. Besides C. Without D. Despite第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.ABelow are the four most famous bridges in the world.Ponte Vecchio BridgeThe Ponte Vecchio (literally “old bridge”) is a bridge built in the Middle Ages over the Arno River in Florence, Italy, the only Florentine bridge to survive World War Ⅱ. The bridge is unique for still having shops built along it, as was common in the days of the Medici. Butchers originally occupied souvenir sellers. It is said that the economic concept of bankruptcy originated here: when a merchant could not pay his debts, the table on which he sold his goods was physically broken by soldiers, and this practice was called “bancorotto (broken table)”．Golden Gate BridgeThe Golden Gate Bridge is a suspension bridge spanning the Golden Gate, the strait between San Francisco and Marin County to the north. It is the masterwork of architect Joseph B. Strauss, whose statue graces the southern observation deck. The bridge took seven years to build, and was completed in 1937. The Golden Gate Bridge used to be the longest suspension bridge span in the world. And today it has become one of the most popular tourist attractions in San Francisco and California. Since its completion, the span length has been surpassed by eight other bridges. The famous red－orange color of the bridge was specifically chosen to make the bridge more easily visible through the thick frog that frequently covers the bridge.Millau BridgeStarted in 1998 and opened to traffic in 2005, the Millau Viaduct is a huge cable－stayed road－bridge that spans the valley of the river Tarn near Millau in southern France. It is the tallest highway bridge in the world, with the highest pylon's summit at 343 meters—slightly taller than the Eiffel Tower. The speed limit on the bridge was reduced from 130 km/h to 110 km/h because of traffic slowing down, due to tourists taking pictures of the bridge from the vehicles. Shortly after the bridge opened to traffic, passengers were stopping to admire the landscape and the bridge itself.Charles BridgeThe Charles Bridge is a famous stone Gothic bridge that crosses the Vltava River in Prague, Czech Republic. Its construction started in 1357 under the support of King Charles IV, and finished in the beginning of the 15th century. As the only means of crossing the river Vltava, theCharles Bridge was the most important connection between the Old Town and the area around Prague Castle. Connection made Prague important as a trade route between Eastern and Western Europe. Today it is one of the most visited sights in Prague with painters, owners of kiosks and other traders alongside numerous tourists crossing the bridge.()51. Of the four bridges, which one has the shortest history?A. Ponte Vecchio.B. Golden Gate Bridge.C. Millau Bridge.D. Charles Bridge.()52. Which of the following statements is TRUE about the Golden Gate Bridge?A. The span length ranks the 8th in the world.B. Its color enables travelers to see it easily on foggy days.C. It is the most popular tourist attraction in America.D. It took Joseph B. Strauss 7 years to design the bridge.()53. The Charles Bridge played an important role in Prague, Czech Republic because ________．A. it attracted many famous painters thereB. it was supported by Kin Charles IVC. it was the only stone Gothic bridge crossing the Vltava RiverD. it promoted the trade between Eastern and Western EuropeBTELECOMMUTERS fall into two camps. Some sit on the sofa watching daytime soaps, pausing occasionally to check their BlackBerrys. Most, however, do real work, undistracted by meetings and talkative colleagues.In the future more people will work from home. With office space in London and New York so costly, many firms save money by encouraging staff to work in their loose clothes. Instead of having to bury their noses in strangers' armpits on crowded trains, they can work via e－mail, Skype and virtual private networks.Yet, in a research published in MIT Sloan Management Review, Daniel Cable of the London Business School shows that telecommuters are less likely to be promoted. In one experiment subjects were asked to judge scenarios in which the only difference was whether the employee was at his office desk or at home. Managers rated those at the office to be more dependable and industrious, regardless of the quality of their work.Visibility creates the illusion of value. Being the last to leave the office impresses bosses, even if you are actually larking around(胡闹) on Facebook. Oddly, this holds true at firms that explicitly encourage staff to work from home. Many Californian tech firms asked employees not to come to the office too often; yet bosses unconsciously punished those who obeyed.Remote workers understand this. Many frequently sent their bosses with progress reports to prove they are on the job. A fifth of the workers in the study admitted to leaving an e－mail or voice mail early or late in the day. Still, many are not as smart as they think. Some choose a Monday or Friday to work at home. That, says Mr. Cable, makes others think they are eager to extend the weekend.A culture of presenteeism hurts working mothers most. Many women (and some men) work from home to allow themselves the flexibility to pick up kids from school. That need not mean they produce less; only that they do it at a time and a place of their own choosing. Some firms, such as Best Buy, an electronics retailer, recognize this and try hard to evaluate staff entirely on performance. But this is not easy. Intangibles such as teamworking skills matter, too. Mr. Cable thinks homeworking will lose its stigma(污名) only when most people do it. Or perhaps when the boss is telecommuting, too.()54. What is most likely the main cause of the increasing number of telecommuters?A. Increasing location rents.B. Annoying talkative colleagues.C. High－tech mobile phones.D. Attractive daytime soaps.()55. What does the example of many California tech firms prove?A. Working at home is impractical in tech firms.B. Employees' presence at office raises their value.C. Employees should judge when to obey.D. Bosses often don't keep their promises.()56. What do wise telecommuters do to prove they are on the job?A. They give timely accounts of their work progress to their bosses.B. They check their e－mails and voice mails every day.C. They discuss the work with their bosses.D. They spend some time working on weekends.()57. What is the biggest disadvantage of working at home according to the lastparagraph?A. The traditional working culture can be hurt.B. Mothers' work may be interrupted by their kids.C. Retailers can't get enough on－site employees.D. Employees may lack chances to develop certain skills.CAlzheimer's disease has no cure. There are, however, five drugs—known and approved—that can slow down the development of its symptoms. The earlier such drugs are administered, the better. Unfortunately, the disease is usually first noticed when people complain to their doctors of memory problems. That is normally too late for the drugs to do much good. A simple and reliable test for Alzheimer's that can be administered to everybody over the age of about 65, before memory－loss sets in, would therefore be useful.Theo Luider, of the Erasmus University Medical Centre in Rotterdam, and his colleagues think they have found one—but it works only in women. They made their discovery, just reported in the Journal of Proteome Research, by tapping into a long－term, continuing study that started in 1995 with 1，077 non－demented and otherwise healthy people aged between 60 and 90. At the beginning of the project, and subsequently during the periods 1997－99 and 2002－04, participants were brought in for a battery of neurological(神经学的) and cognitive(认知的) investigations, physical examinations, brain imaging and blood tests.During the first ten years of the study, 43 of the volunteers developed Alzheimer's diseases. When Dr. Luider compared blood samples from these people with samples from 43 of their fellow volunteers, matched for sex and age, who had remained Alzheimer's－free, he found something surprising. Levels of a substance called pregnancy zone protein had been unusually high, even before their symptoms appeared, in some of those who went on to develop Alzheimer's disease.Those “some”，it turned out, were all women. On average, levels of pregnancy zone protein in those women who went on to develop Alzheimer's were almost 60% higher than those of women who did not. In men, levels of the protein were the same for both.The reason for this curious result seems to be that the brain plaques(斑块) associated with Alzheimer's disease are themselves turning out pregnancy zone protein. Certainly, when Dr. Luider applied a chemical stain specific to that protein to the plaques of dead Alzheimer's patientshe found the protein present in them.Confusingly, though, it was there in the plaques of both sexes. Presumably, female cells (and therefore the plaques of female brains) make more of it than male cells do. But that remains to be proved. Whatever the reason, however, this result means that women, at least, may soon be able to tell whether and when they are at risk of Alzheimer's and thus do something about it before they start losing their minds.()58. What can we learn from the first paragraph?A. No medication can slow down the development of Alzheimer's symptoms.B. To detect Alzheimer's disease before memory loss appears is vital.C. Doctors had better handle Alzheimer's disease when people are 65 years old.D. People who always complain are most likely to have Alzheimer's disease.()59. The underlined word “one” in Paragraph 2 refers to ________．A. a simple and reliable test for Alizheimer'sB. a possible cure for Alzheimer'sC. an important discovery about Alzheimer'sD. an effective and legal drug for Alzheimer's()60. What does Dr. Luider's study tell us about the pregnancy zone protein?A. It won't go high until the symptoms of Alzheimer's appear.B. In men, levels of it remain stable for their lifetime.C. Women developing Alzheimer's usually have lower levels of it.D. The brain plaques connected with Alzheimer's produce it.()61. The passage is mainly about ________．A. patients of Alzheimer's disease and its drugsB. an introduction to the pregnancy zone proteinC. a new discovery concerning Alzheimer's diseaseD. the development stages of Alzheimer's diseaseDHe was in the first third－grade class I taught at Saint Mary's School in Morris, Minnesota. All 34 of my students were dear to me, but Mark Eklund was one in a million. Very neat in appearance, he had that happy－to－be－alive attitude that made even his occasional mischievousness delightful.Mark also talked continuously. I had to remind him again and again that talking withoutpermission was not acceptable. One morning my patience was growing thin when Mark talked once too often, and then I made a novice－teacher's mistake. I looked at Mark and said, “If you say one more word, I am going to tape your mouth shut！”It wasn't ten seconds later when Chuck blurted out, “Mark is talking again.”I hadn't asked any of the students to help me watch Mark, but since I had stated the punishment in front of the class, I had to act on it.I remember the scene as if it had occurred this morning. Without saying a word, I proceeded to Mark's desk, tore off two pieces of tape and made a big X with them over his mouth. I then returned to the front of the room.As I glanced at Mark to see how he was doing, he winked at me. That did it! I started laughing. The entire class cheered as I walked back to Mark's desk, removed the tape, and shrugged my shoulders. His first words were, “Thank you for correcting me, Sister.”At the end of the year I was asked to teach junior－high math. The years flew by, and before I knew it Mark was in my classroom again. He was more handsome than ever and just as polite.One Friday, things just didn't feel right. We had worked hard on a new concept all week, and I sensed that the students were growing discouraged with themselves—and edgy with one another.I had to change the mood of the class before it got out of hand. So I asked them to list the names of the other students in the room on two sheets of paper, leaving a space between each name. Then I told them to think of the nicest thing they could say about each of their classmates and write it down. It took the remainder of the class period to finish the assignment.That Saturday, I wrote down the name of each student on a separate sheet of paper, and I listed what everyone else had said about that individual. On Monday I gave each student his or her list. Some of them ran two pages. Before long, the entire class was smiling. “Really？” I heard whispers. “I never knew that meant anything to anyone！”“I didn't know others liked me so much！”No one ever mentioned those papers in class again. I never knew if the students discussed them after class or with their parents, but it didn't matter. The exercise had accomplished its purpose. The students were happy with themselves and one another again.That group of students moved on. Several years later, after I returned from a vacation, I got a call from my father. “The Eklunds called last night，”he began. “Really？”I said. “I haven'theard from them for several years. I wonder how Mark is.”Dad responded quietly. “Mark was killed in Vietnam，”Mark looked so handsome, so mature. All I could think at that moment was, Mark, I would give all the masking tape in the world if only you could talk to me.After the funeral, most of Mark's former classmates headed to Chuck's farmhouse for lunch. Mark's parents were there, obviously waiting for me. “Helen, we want to show you something，”his father said, taking a wallet out of his pocket. “They found this on Mark when he was killed. We thought you might recognize it.”Opening the billfold, he carefully removed two worn pieces of notebook paper that had obviously been taped, folded and refolded many times. I knew without looking that the papers were the ones on which I had listed all the good things each of Mark's classmates had said about him. “Thank you so much for doing that，”Mark's mother said. “As you can see, Mark treasured it.”Mark's classmates started to gather around us. Charlie smiled rather sheepishly and said, “I still have my list. It's in the top drawer of my desk at home.”Then Vicki, another classmate, reached into her pocket－book, took out her wallet and showed her worn and ragged list to the group. “I carry this with me at all times，”Vicki said without hesitation. “I think we all saved our lists.”That's when I finally sat down and cried. I cried for Mark and for all his friends who would never see him again.()62. We can conclude that when Sister Helen was a third－grade teacher, she ________．A. was usually hot－tempered and impatientB. liked all the students in the class but MarkC. wasn't always sure how to discipline her studentsD. had a high expectation of the students in her class()63. The underlined word “edgy” in Paragraph 7 means “________”．A. very disappointedB. easily annoyedC. fully honestD. greatly inspired()64. Upon reading their lists for the first time, Sister Helen's students were ________．A. surprised and proudB. nervous and embarrassedC. depressed and angryD. calm and content()65. Mark carried the notebook paper at all times because ________．A. it was a valuable gift from his dear Sister HelenB. it could ease his homesickness when in VietnamC. it was the recognition and appreciation from his classmatesD. he promised his classmates that he would treasure it第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共40分)第四部分：词汇检测(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)请认真阅读下列各小题，并根据上下文语境和所给首字母的提示，写出下列各句空格中的单词，注意保持语义和形式的一致.66. —Whatever b________ we are having on our shoulders, let them down for a moment, shall we?—All right. Let's enjoy the meal first.67. —I noticed the customer in red go away not altogether satisfied with Tom's explanations.—Definitely. She asked how the machine worked and Tom just gave a v________ description about its function, which could make her even more puzzled.68. — Alice, Granny is coming. Would you give your room a t________ cleaning?—With so much homework to do, I will just mop the floor, leaving the dirty windows to Jim.69. —Have you heard the news that his father's ship crashed into a rock and was broken in two?—Yeah. Luckily, nobody was injured with the help of the soldiers s________ on the nearby island.70. —One more girl was bitten by a dog this morning. Worse still, nobody knows who the owner is.—It's high time to campaign for c________ registration of dogs.第五部分：同义转换(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)请认真阅读下列各小题的两句句子，在空格处填上一个单词，使两句句子语义保持不变.(注意：不得使用第一句中的原词)71. — We will stick to our policy to promote relationships with the third－world countries.—It will be our ________ policy to promote relationships with the third－world countries.72. —Yan Fei, a director of Goodbye Mr. Loser thinks the success of the film lies in their devotion to telling a complete story.—Yan Fei, a director of Goodbye Mr. Loser ________ the success of the film to their devotion to telling a complete story.73. —Many Chinese students studying abroad have no choice but to wash dishes in the restaurants to support themselves.—In order to live on, many Chinese students studying abroad are reduced to ________ themselves out to wash dishes in the restaurants.74. —I was green with envy when I was informed that he would be promoted while I would not.—I was ________ when I was informed that he would be promoted while I would not.75. —Their system which relies entirely on departmental selection will surely cause lack of balance.—Their system which relies entirely on departmental selection is ________ to result in lack of balance.第六部分：任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词.注意：每个空格只填1个单词.Regret is as common an emotion as love or fear, and it can be nearly as powerful. We feel it when we either blame ourselves for things that turned out badly, or long to undo a choice we made in the past. The effect regret has on our lives and how we deal with regret are equally important.In some cases, regret can be disastrous. In 1995, a British man who regularly played one set of lottery numbers forgot to renew his ticket during the week that his numbers came up. He was so filled with regret and self－blame that he committed suicide. While this is an extreme consequence of regret, it can have many other lesser effects on the mind and body that can still seriously affect our lives.According to recent research, women have more regrets about romantic relationships than men do—not surprising, since women “value social relationships more than men”. In collectivist。

江苏省普通高等学校2018年高三招生考试20套模拟测试附

江苏省普通高等学校2018年高三招生考试20套模拟测试附

江苏省普通高等学校招生考试高三模拟测试卷(十)语文附加分(满分40分，考试时间30分钟)一、阅读材料，完成20—22题(10分)20. 用斜线“/”给下面文言文中的画线部分断句。

(限6处)(6分)以入画之景作画宜诗之事赋诗如铺锦增华事半而功则倍虽然非拓境宇启山林手也诚斋放翁正当以此轩轾之。

人所曾言，我善言之，放翁之与古为新也；人所未言，我能言之，诚斋之化生为熟也。

放翁善写景，而诚斋擅写生。

(选自钱钟书《谈艺录》)21. “诚斋放翁”是哪两位宋朝诗人的号？写出他们的姓名。

(2分)________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________22. 用自己的话解释“写生”在文中的意思。

(2分)________________________________________________________________________ ________________________________________________________________________二、名著阅读(15分)23. 下列对有关名著的说明，不正确的两项是(5分)()()A. 《三国演义》中曹操在得知关羽“挂印封金”弃职出走时，赞关羽是“不忘故主、来去明白”的大丈夫，赶去送行并赠锦袍，表现了他的大度和谋略。

B. 方玄绰、夏四奶奶、赵七爷、单四嫂子、陈士成，这五个文学形象分别出于鲁迅小说集《呐喊》中的《端午节》《药》《阿Q正传》《明天》《白光》。

C. 《边城》以“这个人也许永远不回来了，也许明天回来！”收尾，反映了作者对“湘西世界”这种“理想人生形式”的未来充满信心。

D. 在欧也妮在抛弃承继权的文书上签字前，老葛朗台紧张得直哆嗦，以他的逻辑完全无法理解女儿能为梳妆匣以死相拼对几百万遗产却淡然处之的表现。

2018江苏省普通高等学校招生考试高三模拟测试卷19答案

2018江苏省普通高等学校招生考试高三模拟测试卷19答案

1. {1，3} 解析：本题主要考查集合的概念与运算等基础知识．本题属于容易题．2. 1－3i 解析：z ＝10i3＋i＝1＋3i ，z 的共轭复数是1－3i.本题主要考查复数的概念及四则运算等基础知识．本题属于容易题．3. 1 解析：最低分为86，若最高分为9x ，此时平均分不是91，说明最高分为94，去掉86和94，89＋92＋91＋92＋90＋x ＝91×5，则x ＝1.本题主要考查平均分的基础知识．本题属于容易题．4. 14 解析：基本事件数为8种，一次游戏中甲胜出的基本事件数为2种，则所求的概率为14.本题考查用列举法解决古典概型问题．本题属于容易题．5. 3 解析：由题设流程图的循环体执行如下：第1次循环n ＝6，k ＝1；第2次循环n ＝3，k ＝2；第3次循环n ＝1，k ＝3.本题关键是把握每一次循环体执行情况．本题属于容易题．6. 43解析：F(1，0)，准线方程x ＝－1，由第一象限的点A 到其准线的距离为5，则A(4，4)，则直线AF 的斜率为43.本题考查抛物线方程的特征，直线斜率公式．本题属于容易题．7. 179 解析：S 5S 3＝a 1×5＋12×5×4da 1×3＋12×3×2d＝5a 1＋10d 3a 1＋3d＝3，则d ＝4a 1，则a 5a 3＝a 1＋4d a 1＋2d ＝17a 19a 1＝179.本题考查了等差数列的通项与前n 项和的公式的应用．本题属于容易题．8. 96π 解析：设圆锥的底面半径为r ，侧面积＝12×母线长×底面圆周长＝60π，得r＝6，此圆锥的高为8，则此圆锥的体积为13×36π×8＝96π.本题考查了圆锥的侧面展开图以及体积求法．本题属于容易题．9. 494 解析：设z ＝3x －4y －10，画出可行域，利用线性规划求出－494≤z ≤－7，则|z|的最大值为494.本题考查了线性规划的内容和绝对值的意义．本题属于容易题．10. 34π 解析：sinx ＝12tanx ＝12·sinx cosx 得2cosxsinx ＝sinx ，(2cosx －1)sinx ＝0，x ∈[0，π]，x ＝π3或0或π，则△ABC 的面积为12×π×sin π3＝34π.本题考查了三角函数的图象和性质，以及同角三角函数的关系．本题属于容易题．11. 71717 解析：设曲线上任意一点P ⎝⎛⎭⎫x 0，1＋4x 0，则d ＝⎪⎪⎪⎪4x 0＋1＋4x 017，当x 0>0时，d ＝4x 0＋1＋4x 017≥917，当x 0<0时，d ＝－4x 0－1－4x 017≥717.综上所述，d min ＝71717.本题考查点到直线的距离公式和基本不等式的运用．本题属于中等题．12. 6＋22解析：建立平面直角坐标系，a ＝(1，0)，b ＝(0，1)，令c ＝(x ，y)，则a－c ＝(1－x ，－y)，b －c ＝(－x ，1－y)．∵ (a －c )·(b －c )＝1，∴ x 2＋y 2－x －y ＝1，x ＋y ＝x 2＋y 2－1，(x ＋y)2＝(x 2＋y 2－1)2＝x 2＋y 2＋2xy ≤2(x 2＋y 2)，2－3≤x 2＋y 2≤2＋3，6－22≤|c|≤6＋22，|c|max ＝6＋22.本题考查了用解析法解决向量数量积的问题，并利用重要不等式求解或者利用距离模型求解．本题属于中等题．[试题更正：原题中“(a －c )(3b －c )＝1”更正为“(a －c )(b －c )＝1”．]13. ⎝⎛⎦⎤－∞，174 解析：x ＋y ＋4＝2xy ≤2×⎝⎛⎭⎫x ＋y 22，x ＋y ≥4，当且仅当x ＝y ＝2时取＝.∵ (x ＋y)2－a(x ＋y)＋1≥0，∴ (x ＋y)＋1x ＋y≥a.∵ (x ＋y)＋1x ＋y ≥174，则a ≤174.本题考查对数函数的性质和基本不等式的运用．本题属于中等题．14. 459 解析：假设圆心所在直线为y ＝kx ，则k －121＋12k ＝2－k 1＋2k，k ＝1.故假设圆C 1：(a－1)2＋⎝⎛⎭⎫a －322＝a 25，圆C 2：(b －1)2＋⎝⎛⎭⎫b －322＝b 25，圆C 1：36a 2－100a ＋65＝0，圆C 2：36b 2－100b ＋65＝0.∴ a ＋b ＝10036，a ×b ＝6536，∴ C 1C 2＝（a －b ）2＋（a －b ）2＝459.本题考查了正切的差角公式、圆的对称性、两点间的距离公式和韦达定理的运用．本题综合性强，属于难题．15. 解：(1) 因为tan ∠ADC ＝－2，所以sin ∠ADC ＝255，cos ∠ADC ＝－55.(2分)所以sin ∠ACD ＝sin(π－∠ADC －π4)＝sin(∠ADC ＋π4)＝sin ∠ADC ·cos π4＋cos ∠ADC ·sin π4＝1010.(6分)在△ADC 中，由正弦定理得CD ＝AD·sin ∠DACsin ∠ACD＝ 5.(8分)(2) 因为AD ∥BC, 所以cos ∠BCD ＝－cos ∠ADC ＝55.(10分)在△BDC 中，由余弦定理得 BD 2＝BC 2＋CD 2－2·BC·CD·cos ∠BCD ， 得BC 2－2BC －35＝0，解得BC ＝7，(12分)所以S △BCD ＝12×7×5×sin ∠BCD ＝12×7×5×255＝7.(14分)16. 证明：(1) 因为直三棱柱ABCA 1B 1C 1，所以BB 1⊥底面ABC. 因为AM ⊂底面ABC ，所以BB 1⊥AM.(2分)因为M 为BC 中点，且AB ＝AC ，所以AM ⊥BC.又BB 1∩BC ＝B ，BB 1⊂平面BB 1C 1C ，BC ⊂平面BB 1C 1C ， 所以AM ⊥平面BB 1C 1C.(4分)因为AM ⊂平面APM ，所以平面APM ⊥平面BB 1C 1C.(6分)(2) 取C 1B 1中点D ，连结A 1D ，DN ，DM ，B 1C.由于D ，M 分别为C 1B 1，CB 的中点，所以DM ∥CC 1且DM ＝CC 1，故DM ∥AA 1且DM ＝AA 1.则四边形A 1AMD 为平行四边形，所以A 1D ∥AM.又A 1D 平面APM ，AM ⊂平面APM ，所以A 1D ∥平面APM.(9分)由于D ，N 分别为C 1B 1，CC 1的中点，所以DN ∥B 1C. 又P ，M 分别为BB 1，CB 的中点，所以MP ∥B 1C. 则DN ∥MP.又DN ⊄ 平面APM ，MP ⊂平面APM ，所以DN ∥平面APM.(12分) 由于A 1D ∩DN ＝D ，所以平面A 1DN ∥平面APM. 由于A 1N ⊂平面A 1DN ，所以A 1N ∥平面APM.(14分)17. 解：(1) 由题意知，1a 2＋94b2＝1，2a ＝4.(2分)解得a 2＝4，b 2＝3，所以椭圆的方程为x 24＋y 23＝1.(4分)(2) 设M(x 1，y 1)，N(x 2，y 2)，则ON 的中点坐标为⎝⎛⎭⎫x 22，y 22，PM 的中点坐标为(1＋x 12，32＋y 12)． 因为四边形POMN 是平行四边形，所以⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧1＋x 12＝x 22，32＋y 12＝y 22.即⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x 1＝x 2－1，y 1＝y 2－32.(6分)因为点M ，N 是椭圆C 的两点，所以⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧3x 22＋4y 22＝12，3（x 2－1）2＋4⎝⎛⎭⎫y 2－322＝12.(8分) 解得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x 2＝2，y 2＝0，或⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x 2＝－1，y 2＝32.(12分) 由⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x 2＝2，y 2＝0，得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x 1＝1，y 1＝－32.由⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x 2＝－1，y 2＝32，得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x 1＝－2，y 1＝0. 所以，点M ⎝⎛⎭⎫1，－32，N(2，0)；或M(－2，0)，N ⎝⎛⎭⎫－1，32.(14分) 18. 解：(1) 若a ＝17，由y 2＞y 1，得－1224x 2－1112x ＋1>17x ＋72⎝⎛⎭⎫172－17.解得－40<x<6.(3分)因为1<x<14，所以1<x<6.设该商品的月销售额为g(x)，则g(x)＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧y 1·x ，1<x<6，y 2·x ，6≤x ＜14.(5分)当1<x<6时，g(x)＝17⎝⎛⎭⎫x －12x<g(6)＝337.(7分) 当6≤x<14时，g(x)＝⎝⎛⎭⎫－1224x 2－1112x ＋1x ， 则g′(x)＝－1224(3x 2＋4x －224)＝－1224(x －8)(3x ＋28)，由g′(x)>0，得x<8，所以g(x)在[6，8)上是增函数，在(8，14)上是减函数，当x ＝8时，g(x)有最大值g(8)＝367.(10分)(2) 设f(x)＝y 1－y 2＝1224x 2＋⎝⎛⎭⎫1112＋a x ＋72a 2－1－a ， 因为a>0，所以f(x)在区间(1，14)上是增函数．若该商品的均衡价格不低于6百元，即函数f(x)在区间[6，14)上有零点，(12分)所以⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧f （6）≤0，f （14）>0，即⎩⎨⎧7a 2＋10a －117≤0，72a 2＋13a>0，解得0＜a ≤17.(15分)答：(1) 若a ＝17，商品的每吨价格定为8百元时，月销售额最大；(2) 若该商品的均衡价格不低于每吨6百元，实数a 的取值范围是⎝⎛⎦⎤0，17.(16分) 19. 解：(1) 因为f(x)＝exe x ，所以f′(x)＝（1－x ）e e x.(2分)令f′(x)＝0，得x ＝1.(3分)当x ∈(－∞，1)时，f ′(x)>0，f(x)是增函数； 当x ∈(1，＋∞)时，f ′(x)<0，f(x)是减函数．所以f(x)在x ＝1时取得极大值f(1)＝1，无极小值．(5分)(2) 由(1)知，当x ∈(0，1)时，f(x)单调递增；当x ∈(1，e]时，f(x)单调递减．因为f(0)＝0，f(1)＝1，f(e)＝e ·e 1－e ＞0，所以当x ∈(0，e]时，函数f(x)的值域为(0，1]．(7分)当a ＝0时，g(x)＝－2lnx 在(0，e]上单调，不合题意；(8分)当a ≠0时，g ′(x)＝a －2x ＝ax －2x ＝a ⎝⎛⎭⎫x －2a x，x ∈(0，e]，故必须满足0<2a <e ，所以a>2e.(10分)此时，当x 变化时，g ′(x)，g(x)的变化情况如下：所以x →0，g(x)→＋∞，g ⎝⎛⎭⎫2a ＝2－a －2ln 2a，g(e)＝a(e －1)－2. 所以对任意给定的x 0∈(0，e]，在区间(0，e]上总存在两个不同的x 1，x 2，使得g(x 1)＝g(x 2)＝f(x 0)，当且仅当a 满足下列条件⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧g ⎝⎛⎭⎫2a ≤0，g （e ）≥1，即⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧2－a －2ln 2a ≤0，a （e －1）－2≥1.(13分)令m(a)＝2－a －2ln 2a ，a ∈⎝⎛⎭⎫2e ，＋∞，m ′(a)＝－a －2a，由m′(a)＝0，得a ＝2. 当a ∈(2，＋∞)时，m ′(a)<0，函数m(a)单调递减；当a ∈⎝⎛⎭⎫2e ，2时，m ′(a)>0，函数m(a)单调递增．所以，对任意a ∈⎝⎛⎭⎫2e ，＋∞有m(a)≤m(2)＝0，即2－a －2ln 2a≤0对任意a ∈⎝⎛⎭⎫2e ，＋∞恒成立． 由a(e －1)－2≥1，解得a ≥3e －1.综上所述，当a ∈⎣⎡⎭⎫3e －1，＋∞时，对于任意给定的x 0∈(0，e]，在区间(0，e]上总存在两个不同的x 1，x 2，使得g(x 1)＝g(x 2)＝f(x 0)．(16分)20. 解：(1) 由题意，数列{a n }的奇数项是以a 1＝1为首项，公差为2的等差数列；偶数项是以a 2＝2为首项，公比为3的等比数列． (1分)所以对任意正整数k ，a 2k －1＝2k －1，a 2k ＝2×3k －1.所以数列{a n }的通项公式a n ＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧n ，n ＝2k －1，2·3n2－1，n ＝2k(k ∈N *)．(3分) (2) ① 当n 为奇数时，由2a n ＋1＝a n ＋a n ＋2，得2×2×3n ＋12－1＝n ＋n ＋2，所以2×3n －12＝n ＋1.令f(x)＝2×3x －12－x －1(x ≥1)，由f′(x)＝23×(3)x ×ln 3－1≥23×3×ln 3－1＝ln3－1>0，可知f(x)在[1，＋∞)上是增函数，所以f(x)≥f(1)＝0，所以当且仅当n ＝1时，满足2×3n －12＝n ＋1，即2a 2＝a 1＋a 3.(6分)② 当n 为偶数时，由2a n ＋1＝a n ＋a n ＋2，得2(n ＋1)＝2×3n2－1＋2×3n ＋22－1，即n ＋1＝3n2－1＋3n2，上式左边为奇数，右边为偶数，因此不成立． 综上，满足2a n ＋1＝a n ＋a n ＋2的正整数n 的值只有1.(8分) (3) S 2n ＝(a 1＋a 3＋…＋a 2n －1)＋(a 2＋a 4＋…＋a 2n ) ＝n （1＋2n －1）2＋2（1－3n ）1－3＝3n ＋n 2－1，n ∈N *.S 2n －1＝S 2n －a 2n ＝3n －1＋n 2－1.(10分)假设存在正整数m ，n ，使得S 2n ＝mS 2n －1，则3n ＋n 2－1＝m(3n －1＋n 2－1)，所以3n －1(3－m)＝(m －1)(n 2－1)，(*) 从而3－m ≥0，所以m ≤3.又m ∈N *，所以m ＝1，2，3.(12分)① 当m ＝1时，(*)式左边大于0，右边等于0，不成立．② 当m ＝3时，(*)式左边等于0，所以2(n 2－1)＝0，n ＝1，所以S 2＝3S 1.(14分)③ 当m ＝2时，(*)式可化为3n －1＝n 2－1＝(n ＋1)(n －1)，则存在k 1，k 2∈N *，k 1＜k 2，使得n －1＝3k 1，n ＋1＝3k 2 且k 1＋k 2＝n －1，从而3k 2－3k 1＝3k 1(3k 2－k 1－1)＝2，所以3k 1＝1，3k 2－k 1－1＝2，所以k 1＝0，k 2－k 1＝1，于是n ＝2，S 4＝2S 3.综上可知，符合条件的正整数对(m ，n)只有两对：(2，2)，(3，1)．(16分)21. A. 证明：连结AD ，因为AB 为圆的直径，所以AD ⊥BD. 又EF ⊥AB ，则A ，D ，E ，F 四点共圆， 所以BD·BE ＝BA·BF.(5分)又△ABC ∽△AEF ，所以AB AE ＝ACAF，即AB·AF ＝AE·AC ，所以BE·BD －AE·AC ＝BA·BF －AB·AF ＝AB·(BF －AF)＝AB 2.(10分)B. 解：因为f(λ)＝⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪λ－1－21λ－4＝λ2－5λ＋6，由f(λ)＝0，得λ＝2或λ＝3.(3分)当λ＝2时，对应的一个特征向量为α1＝⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤21；当λ＝3时，对应的一个特征向量为α2＝⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤11. 设⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤53＝m ⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤21＋n ⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤11，解得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧m ＝2，n ＝1.(6分)所以A 5α＝2×25⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤21＋1×35⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤11＝⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤371307.(10分)C. 解：直线l 的普通方程为y ＝3x ，①(3分)曲线C 的直角坐标方程为y ＝12x 2(x ∈[－2，2])，②(6分)联立①②解方程组得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x ＝0，y ＝0或⎩⎨⎧x ＝23，y ＝6.根据x 的范围应舍去⎩⎨⎧x ＝23，y ＝6，故P 点的直角坐标为(0，0)．(10分)D. 证明：因为b a >0，a b >0，所以要证b a >a b ，只要证alnb>blna ，只要证lnb b >lnaa .(因为a>b>e)(4分)取函数f(x)＝lnxx ，因为f′(x)＝1－lnx x2，所以当x>e 时，f ′(x)<0，所以函数f(x)在(e ，＋∞)上单调递减． 所以，当a>b>e 时，有f(b)>f(a)，即lnb b >lnaa .(10分)22. 解：(1) 设“在1次摸奖中，获得二等奖”为事件A ，则P(A)＝C 23C 12C 12＋C 13C 13C 22C 26·C 24＝730.(4分) (2) 设“在1次摸奖中，获奖” 为事件B ，则获得一等奖的概率为P 1＝C 23C 22C 26·C 24＝130； 获得三等奖的概率为P 3＝2C 23C 22＋C 13C 13C 12C 12C 26·C 24＝715；所以P(B)＝130＋730＋715＝1115.(8分)由题意可知X 的所有可能取值为0，1，2.P(X ＝0)＝⎝⎛⎭⎫1－11152＝16225，P(X ＝1)＝C 121115⎝⎛⎭⎫1－1115＝88225，P(X ＝2)＝⎝⎛⎭⎫11152＝121225.所以X 的分布列是所以E(X)＝0×16225＋1×88225＋2×121225＝2215.(10分)23. 解：(1) 当n ＝2时，集合为{1，2，3，4}，当m ＝1时，偶子集有{2}，{4}，奇子集有{1}，{3}， f(1)＝2，g(1)＝2，F(1)＝0；当m ＝2时，偶子集有{2，4}，{1，3}，奇子集有{1，2}，{1，4}，{2，3}，{3，4}， f(2)＝2，g(2)＝4，F(2)＝－2；(3分)当m ＝3时，偶子集有{1，2，3}，{1，3，4}，奇子集有{1，2，4}，{2，3，4}， f(3)＝2，g(3)＝2，F(3)＝0.(4分)(2) 当m 为奇数时，偶子集的个数f(m)＝C 0n C m n ＋C 2n C m －2n ＋C 4n C m －4n ＋…＋C m －1nC 1n ， 奇子集的个数g(m)＝C 1n C m －1n ＋C 3n C m －3n＋…＋C m n C 0n ， 所以f(m)＝g(m)，F(m)＝f(m)－g(m)＝0.(6分)当m 为偶数时，偶子集的个数f(m)＝C 0n C m n ＋C 2n C m －2n ＋C 4n C m －4n＋…＋C m n C 0n ， 奇子集的个数g(m)＝C 1n C m －1n ＋C 3n C m －3n＋…＋C m －1n C 1n ， 所以F(m)＝f(m)－g(m)＝C 0n C m n －C 1n C m －1n ＋C 2n C m －2n －C 3n C m －3n ＋…－C m －1n C 1n ＋C m n C 0n .(7分) 一方面，(1＋x)n (1－x)n ＝(C 0n ＋C 1n x ＋C 2n x 2＋…＋C n n x n )[C 0n －C 1n x ＋C 2n x 2－…＋(－1)n C n n x n]， 所以(1＋x)n (1－x)n 中x m 的系数为 C 0n C m n －C 1n C m －1n ＋C 2n C m －2n －C 3n C m －3n ＋…－C m －1n C 1n ＋C m n C 0n ；(8分) 另一方面，(1＋x)n (1－x)n ＝(1－x 2)n ，(1－x 2)n 中x m的系数为(－1)m 2C m 2n ， 故F(m)＝(－1)m2C m 2n .综上，F(m)＝⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧（－1）m 2C m2n ，m 为偶数，0，m 为奇数.(10分)。

2018江苏省普通高等学校招生考试高三模拟测试卷06答案

2018江苏省普通高等学校招生考试高三模拟测试卷06答案

1. [0，1] 解析：∁U A ＝{x|x 2－x ≤0}＝[0，1]．本题考查集合补集的概念及一元二次不等式的解法，属于容易题．2. 35－15i 解析：1－i 2－i ＝（1－i ）（2＋i ）（2－i ）（2＋i ）＝35－15i.本题主要考查复数的概念及四则运算等基础知识，属于容易题．3. 35解析：由5只球中一次摸出2只球，共有10种摸法，摸到的2只球颜色不同的摸法共有6种，则所求的概率为35.本题考查用列举法解决古典概型问题，属于容易题．4. 1 解析：作出可行域发现最优解为(1，－1)，则目标函数z ＝2x ＋y 的最小值为1.本题考查线性规划解决最值问题，属于容易题．5. 240 解析：n ＝30时，S ＝30；n ＝28时，S ＝30＋28；n ＝26时，S ＝30＋28＋26；以此类推，n ＝2时，S ＝30＋28＋26＋……＋2＝240.本题考查流程图基础知识，关键是把握好每一次循环体的执行情况．本题属于容易题．6. 13 解析：2a ＋b ＝(－3，2)，则|2a ＋b|＝13.本题考查向量的坐标运算，以及利用平方法求模. 本题属于容易题．7. (－2，0)∪(2，＋∞) 解析：由x ＞0时，f(x)＝1－log 2x ，则作出图象，再由f(x)是定义在R 上的奇函数，利用对称性作出x ＜0的图象，由图象可得不等式f(x)＜0的解集是(－2，0)∪(2，＋∞) .本题考查函数的奇偶性，对数函数的图象变换．本题属于容易题．8. ④ 解析：①中b 与c 可以异面；②中c 可以在平面α内；③中c 可以与平面β平行. 本题考查线面平行、垂直的性质与判定，属于容易题．9. x 212－y 212＝1 解析：抛物线y 2＝4x 的焦点为(1，0)，即c ＝1；以直线y ＝±x 为渐近线的双曲线标准方程设为x 2λ－y 2λ＝1，则λ＋λ＝c 2＝1，得λ＝12.双曲线标准方程为x 212－y 212＝1.本题考查双曲线标准方程、焦点、渐近线等内容，属于容易题．10. 3π 解析：由侧面积等于底面面积的2倍，得2×3π＝12R ×2π×3，得R ＝23，由勾股定理得圆锥的高为3，则圆锥的体积是13×3×3π＝3π cm 3.本题考查圆锥的高、底面面积、侧面积等内容，以及圆锥的体积公式．本题属于容易题．11. 2π 解析：函数的周期T 为2πa ，则T 4＝π2a，最高点和其相邻最低点的距离为2a 2＋π24a 2 ＝4a 2＋π2a2≥4π＝2π.本题考查三角函数的周期、基本不等式求最值等内容．本题属于中等题．12. 35解析：设S n ＝kn(n ＋1)，S 2n ＝2kn(2n ＋1)＝4kn 2＋2kn 符合题意，则a 3＝S 3－S 2＝12k －6k ＝6k ，a 5＝S 5－S 4＝30k －20k ＝10k ，则a 3a 5＝35.本题考查等差数列求和公式特征，以及S n 与a n 之间的关系．本题属于中等题．13. ⎣⎡⎭⎫－13，1∪(1，＋∞) 解析：画图，y 2＝kx －k 过定点(1，0)，找到临界(－0.5，0.5)和(1，0)连线斜率－13与临界f ′(1)＝1.由图象知实数k 的取值范围为⎣⎡⎭⎫－13，1∪(1，＋∞)．本题考查了分段函数、函数的零点问题以及导数问题，利用数形结合思想求参数范围．本题属于难题．14. －1＋54解析：cos2 016°＝－cos36°，又sin36°＝cos54°，2sin18°cos18°＝cos18°－4sin 218°cos18°，4sin 218°＋2sin18°－1＝0，sin18°＝－1＋54，则cos2 016°＝－cos36°＝2sin 218°－1＝－1＋54.本题考查了三角函数的诱导公式、二倍角公式、以及利用二倍角公式推导三倍角公式：cos3α＝cos(2α＋α)＝cos2αcos α－sin2αsin α＝(2cos 2α－1)cos α－2cos αsin 2α＝2cos 3α－cos α－(2cos α－2cos 3α)＝4cos 3α－3cos α＝cos α－4sin 2αcos α.本题属于难题．15. 证明：(1) 在直角梯形ABCD 中，AB ∥CD ，CD ＝2AB ，点M 是CD 的中点，所以AB ∥CM ，且AB ＝CM ，所以四边形ABCM 是平行四边形，且是矩形．(3分)所以AM ∥BC.(4分)又BC ⊂平面PBC ，AM 是平面PBC 外一条直线，(6分) 故AM ∥平面PBC.(7分)(2) 连结PM ，因为PD ＝PC ，点M 是CD 的中点， 所以CD ⊥PM.(8分)因为四边形ABCM 是矩形，所以CD ⊥AM.(9分)又PM ⊂平面PAM ，AM ⊂平面PAM ，PM ∩MA ＝M ，(11分) 所以CD ⊥平面PAM.(12分)又AP ⊂平面PAM ，所以CD ⊥PA.(14分)16. 解：(1) 因为m ∥n ，所以a 2＋c 2－b 2＝ac.(2分)因为cosB ＝a 2＋c 2－b 22ac ＝ac 2ac ＝12，B ∈(0，π)，(5分)故B ＝π3.(6分)(2) 因为A ＋π6∈⎝⎛⎭⎫π6，5π6，cos ⎝⎛⎭⎫A ＋π6＝33926，(8分)所以sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫A ＋π6＝51326，(9分)所以sinA ＝sin ⎣⎡⎦⎤⎝⎛⎭⎫A ＋π6－π6＝3926.(11分)在△ABC 中，由正弦定理可得a sinA ＝bsinB，解得a ＝1.(14分)17. 解：(1) 如图1，作OH ⊥AB ，设垂足为H ，记OH ＝d ，α＝2∠AOH ，(1分)图1因为cos ∠AOH ＝d10，要使α有最小值，只需要d 有最大值，结合图象可得d ≤OP ＝5 km ，(3分)当且仅当AB ⊥OP 时，d max ＝5 km.此时αmin ＝2∠AOH ＝2×π3＝2π3.(4分)设AB 把园区分成两个区域，其中较小区域面积记为S ， 根据题意可得S ＝f(α)＝S 扇形－S △AOB ＝50(α－sin α)，(6分) f ′(α)＝50(1－cos α)≥0恒成立，f(α)为增函数，(7分)所以S min ＝f ⎝⎛⎭⎫2π3＝50⎝⎛⎭⎫2π3－32 km 2.(8分)答：视角的最小值是2π3，较小区域面积的最小值是50⎝⎛⎭⎫2π3－32 km 2.(9分)图2(2) 如图2，过O 分别作OH ⊥AB ，OH 1⊥CD ，垂足分别是H ，H 1， 记OH ＝d 1，OH 1＝d 2，由(1)可知 d 1∈[0，5]，所以d 21＋d 22＝OP 2＝25，且d 22＝25－d 21.(10分)因为AB ＝2100－d 21，CD ＝2100－d 22，所以AB ＋CD ＝2(100－d 21＋100－d 22)＝2(100－d 21＋75＋d 21)，(11分)记L(d 1)＝AB ＋CD ＝2(100－d 21＋75＋d 21)，可得L 2(d 1)＝4[175＋2（100－d 21）（75＋d 21）]，(12分)由d 21∈[0，25]，可得d 21＝0，或d 21＝25时，L 2(d 1)的最小值是100(7＋43)， 从而AB ＋CD 的最小值是20＋10 3 km.(13分)答：两条公路长度和的最小值是20＋10 3 km.(14分)18. 解：(1) 由题意可知c a ＝32，a ＝3，得c ＝332，(2分)因为a 2＝b 2＋c 2，所以b 2＝94，故椭圆的标准方程是x 29＋y 294＝1.(4分)(2) 设直线AE 的方程：y ＝k(x ＋3)，点E(x 1，y 1)，由⎩⎨⎧x 29＋y 294＝1，y ＝k （x ＋3），可得(4k 2＋1)x 2＋24k 2x ＋36k 2－9＝0.(5分) 因为－3＋x 1＝－24k 24k 2＋1，得x 1＝3－12k 24k 2＋1，代入直线y ＝k(x ＋3)，得y 1＝6k4k 2＋1，所以E ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫3－12k 24k 2＋1，6k 4k 2＋1.(7分) 同理可得F ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫3－12k 24k 2＋1，－6k 4k 2＋1.(8分) 根据条件可知圆心O 到直线AE 的距离等于圆心O 到直线EF 的距离．可得|3k|k 2＋1＝|3－12k 24k 2＋1|＝r ，解之得k 2＝18，(9分)从而r 2＝1，所以圆O 的方程为x 2＋y 2＝1.(10分)(3) 设直线BM 的方程为y ＝kx ＋32，因为直线BM 与圆O 相切，所以d ＝r ，解得k ＝±52.(11分) 当k ＝52，l BM ：y ＝52x ＋32，由⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x 29＋y 294＝1，y ＝52x ＋32，可得x 2＋5x ＝0，所以M(－5，－1)．(13分) 同理可得N(5，－1)，(14分)可得直线MN 方程是y ＝－1，(15分)直线MN 与圆O 的位置关系是相切．(16分) 19. 解：(1) (解法1)因为S n ＝(1＋λ)a n －λ， ① 所以S n ＋1＝(1＋λ)a n ＋1－λ. ②②－①得λa n ＋1＝(1＋λ)a n ， ③(2分)当λ＝0时，a n ＝0，数列{a n }是等差数列．(4分)当λ≠0时，a 1＝(1＋λ)a 1－λ，a 1＝1，且a n ＋1－a n ＝1λa n ， ④要使数列{a n }是等差数列，则④式右边1λa n 为常数，即a n ＋1＝a n 为常数，④式左边a n ＋1－a n ＝0，a n ＝0，又a 1＝1，矛盾！(6分) 综上可得：λ＝0时，数列{a n }为等差数列，且a n ＝0.(7分) (解法2)若数列{a n }是等差数列，必有2a 2＝a 1＋a 3， 当λ＝0时，a 1＝a 2＝a 3＝0，满足2a 2＝a 1＋a 3，(1分) 此时S n ＝a n ，从而S n ＋1＝a n ＋1，(3分) 故a n ＝0.(4分)当λ≠0时，a 1＝1，a 2＝1＋1λ，a 3＝⎝⎛⎭⎫1＋1λ2，(5分)由2a 2＝a 1＋a 3，得2⎝⎛⎭⎫1＋1λ＝1＋⎝⎛⎭⎫1＋1λ2，该方程无解．(6分)综上可得：λ＝0时，数列{a n }为等差数列，其中a n ＝0.(7分) (2) 由(1)可得：当λ＝0时，不是等比数列，(8分) 当λ＝－1时，由①得S n ＝1，则a 1＝S 1＝1， a n ＝S n －S n －1＝0(n ≥2)，不是等比数列．(9分)当λ≠0，且λ≠－1时，得a n ＋1a n ＝1＋1λ，{a n }为公比是q ＝1＋1λ的等比数列．(10分)又对任意n ，a n ∈N ，则q ＝1＋1λ∈N ，故仅有λ＝1，q ＝2时，满足题意．又由(1)得a 1＝1，故a n ＝2n －1.(11分)因为∑i ＝kja i ＝2k －1（2j －k ＋1－1）2－1＝2 016，所以2k －1(2j －k ＋1－1)＝2 016＝25×32×7，(13分) j －k ＋1≥2，2j －k ＋1－1为大于1的奇数，2k －1＝25，k ＝6，(15分)则2j －5－1＝32×7，2j －5＝64，j ＝11，故仅存在k ＝6时，j ＝11，∑i ＝kja i ＝2 016.(16分)20. 解：(1) f′(x)＝(ax 2－x)e x ＝x(ax －1)e x .若a ＝0，则f′(x)＝－xe x ，令f′(x)＞0，则x ＜0；令f′(x)＜0，则x ＞0；若a ＜0，由f′(x)＞0，得1a ＜x ＜0；由f′(x)＜0，得1a＞x 或0＜x ；若a ＞0，由f′(x)＜0，得0＜x ＜1a ；由f′(x)＞0，得x ＞1a或x ＜0.综上可得：当a ＝0时，函数f(x)的增区间是(－∞，0)，减区间是(0，＋∞)；(3分)当a ＜0时，函数f(x)的增区间是⎝⎛⎭⎫1a ，0，减区间是(0，＋∞)，⎝⎛⎭⎫－∞，1a ；(5分)当a ＞0时，函数f(x)的增区间是(－∞，0)，⎝⎛⎭⎫1a ，＋∞，减区间是⎝⎛⎭⎫0，1a .(7分) (2) 因为2a ∈[3，m ＋1]，由(1)x ∈(0，＋∞)上函数f(x)的最小值是f ⎝⎛⎭⎫1a . 因为f(x)≥b2a －1e 1a恒成立，所以f ⎝⎛⎭⎫1a ≥b 2a －1e 1a恒成立，(8分) 所以e 1a(2a －1)≥b2a －1e 1a恒成立，即2a －1≥b 2a－1恒成立．(9分)由2a ∈[3，m ＋1]，令2a －1＝t ∈[2，m]，则t ≥b t ，所以lnb ≤lntt＝g(t)．(10分)由g′(t)＝1－lntt 2，可知函数g(t)在(0，e)上递增；(e ，＋∞)上递减，且g(2)＝g(4)．(11分)当2＜m ≤4时，g(t)min ＝g(2)＝ln22，从而lnb ≤ln22，解得0＜b ≤2；(13分)当m ＞4时，g(t)min ＝g(m)＝lnm m ，从而lnb ≤lnm m ，解得0＜b ≤m 1m.(15分)故：当2＜m ≤4时，0＜b ≤2；当m ＞4时，0＜b ≤m 1m.(16分)21. A. 证明：作PE ⊥AB 于E ，∵ AB 为直径，∴ ∠ANB ＝∠AMB ＝90°，(2分)∴ P ，E ，B ，N 四点共圆，P ，E ，A ，M 四点共圆．(6分)⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧AE·AB ＝AP·AN ①，BE ·AB ＝BP·BM ②，(8分) ①＋②得AB(AE ＋BE)＝AP·AN ＋BP·BM ，(9分) 即AP·AN ＋BP·BM ＝AB 2.(10分)B. 解：特征多项式f(λ)＝⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪⎪λ－3 －1－1 λ－3＝(λ－3)2－1＝λ2－6λ＋8，(3分)由f(λ)＝0，解得λ1＝2，λ2＝4.(6分)将λ1＝2代入特征方程组，得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧－x －y ＝0，－x －y ＝0x ＋y ＝0，可取⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤1－1为属于特征值λ1＝2的一个特征向量．(8分)同理，当λ2＝4时，由⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x －y ＝0，－x ＋y ＝0 x －y ＝0，所以可取⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤11为属于特征值λ2＝4的一个特征向量． 综上所述，矩阵⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤3 11 3有两个特征值λ1＝2，λ2＝4； 属于λ1＝2的一个特征向量为⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤ 1－1，属于λ2＝4的一个特征向量为⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤11.(10分)C. 解：由ρsin ⎝⎛⎭⎫θ－π3＝3，可得ρ⎝⎛⎭⎫12sin θ－32cos θ＝3，∴ y －3x ＝6，即3x －y ＋6＝0.(3分)由⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x ＝2cos θ，y ＝2sin θ得x 2＋y 2＝4，圆的半径为r ＝2，(6分) ∴ 圆心到直线l 的距离d ＝62＝3.(8分)∴ P 到直线l 的距离的最大值为d ＋r ＝5.(10分) D. 证明：x －y ＋4x 2－2xy ＋y 2＝(x －y)＋4（x －y ）2(3分) ＝x －y 2＋x －y 2＋4（x －y ）2，(5分) ∵ x ＞y ，x －y ＞0，∴ x －y 2＋x －y 2＋4（x －y ）2≥33x －y 2×x －y 2×4（x －y ）2 ＝3，当且仅当x －y 2＝x －y 2＝4（x －y ）2时取等号，此时x －y ＝2.(10分)22. 解：(1) 以D 为原点，建立空间直角坐标系Dxyz ，如图所示，则A(3，0，0)，C 1(0，3，3)，AC 1→＝(－3，3，3)，B(3，3，0)，E(3，0，2)，BE →＝(0，－3，2)．所以cos 〈AC 1→，BE →〉＝AC 1→·BE →|AC 1→||BE →|＝－9＋633×13＝－3939，故两条异面直线AC 1与BE 所成角的余弦值为3939.(5分) (2) B(3，3，0)，BE →＝(0，－3，2)，D 1E →＝(3，0，－1)． 设平面BED 1F 的一个法向量为n ＝(x ，y ，z)，由⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧n ·D 1E →＝0，n ·BE →＝0，得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧3x －z ＝0，－3y ＋2z ＝0，所以⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧y ＝2x ，z ＝3x ，则n ＝(x ，2x ，3x)，不妨取n ＝(1，2，3)，设直线BB 1与平面BED 1F 所成角为α，则 sin α＝|cos 〈BB 1→，n 〉|＝|93×14|＝31414.(9分)所以直线BB 1与平面BED 1F 所成角的正弦值为31414.(10分)23. 证明：① 当n ＝1时，能被8整除；(2分) ② 假设当n ＝k(k ≥2，k ∈N *)，结论成立，(4分)则5k ＋2·3k －1＋1能被8整除．设5k ＋2·3k －1＋1＝8m ，m ∈N *，当n ＝k ＋1时，5k ＋1＋2·3k ＋1＝5(5k ＋2·3k －1＋1)－4·3k －1－4＝5(5k ＋2·3k －1＋1)－4·(3k－1＋1)，(7分)而当k ≥2，k ∈N *时3k －1＋1显然为偶数，设为2t ，t ∈N *，故5k ＋1＋2·3k ＋1＝5(5k ＋2·3k －1＋1)－4·(3k －1＋1)＝40m －8t(m ，t ∈N *)，也能被8整除， 故当n ＝k ＋1时结论也成立．由①②可知对一切正整数n ，5n ＋2·3n －1＋1能被8整除．(10分)。

江苏省百校2018届高三12月大联考语文试卷(含答案)

江苏省百校2018届高三12月大联考语文试卷(含答案)

江苏省百校2018届高三12月大联考语文试卷考生注意：1.本试卷共160分.考试时间150分钟。

2.请将答案写在答题卡上。

3.本试卷主要考试内容：高考全部范围。

语文I试题一、语言文字运用（15分）1. 在下面一段话空缺处依次填入词语，最恰当的一组是（3分）胡适之先生一生将“自由、平等、民主”作为自己奋斗的社会理想，令人折服。

然而当时的社会环境使得先生的政治思想▲。

尽管他的主张在今天有许多值得▲的地方，但是作为一个开放的现代型国家，决不能以意识形态作为对历史人物▲的依据。

A. 一蹶不振商榷评头品足B. 付诸东流商定评头品足C. 付诸东流商榷盖棺定论D. 一蹶不振商定盖棺定论2. 下列各句中，没有语病的一项是（3分）A.2017年度诺贝尔文学奖获得者日裔作家石黑一雄热爱音乐，喜欢创作歌曲，成为绝世女孩歌手黛茜·肯特作词，甚至被应邀参加皇家音乐会。

B.在共享单车带给民众方便的同时，也把国民素质丑陋的一面照得通透，给社会环境与安全提出了新的治理命题，即共享单车的未来在哪里。

C. 被贴上“油炸”“添加剂”等标签的传统方便食品，不能满足人们绿色生活、健康发展的需求，造成了方便食品行业如今江河日下的困境。

D.2017年6月26日，代表着世界先进水平、被命名为“复兴号”的动车组在京沪高铁亮相，开启了中国铁路技术装备一个崭新的时代。

3. 下列各句中没有使用借代修辞手法的一项是（ 3分）A. 白雪却嫌春色晚，故穿庭院作飞花。

B. 落红不是无情物，化作春泥更护花。

C. 男儿何不带吴钩，收取关山五十州。

D. 滕王高阁临江渚，佩玉鸣鸾罢歌舞。

4.下列对联中，适合悬挂在滕王阁的一组是（ 3分）①无边大地铺三镇寥廓江天耸一楼②有客临舟怀帝子何人下榻学陈公③南极潇湘千里月北通巫峡万重山④珠帘画栋人何处秋水长江我独游A. ①②B. ①③C. ②④D.③④5.填下列诗句中，与有图漫画的情境最吻合的一项是（ 3分）A.远上寒山石径斜，白云深处有人家。

2018江苏省普通高等学校招生考试高三模拟测试卷03答案

2018江苏省普通高等学校招生考试高三模拟测试卷03答案

1. {2} 解析：由A ＝{x|x ≥3，x ∈N }，则∁U A ＝{2}．本题考查了集合补集的概念，属于容易题．2. －5 解析：z ＝2a 5＋a 5i ，|z|＝⎝⎛⎭⎫2a 52＋⎝⎛⎭⎫a 52＝5，则a ＝－5.本题主要考查复数的模的概念及除法运算等基础知识，属于容易题．3. 32 解析：由a ＝2，c ＝3得e ＝32.本题主要考查双曲线方程中a ，b ，c 之间的关系及离心率的概念，属于容易题．4. 2 解析：由平均数的定义知x ＝12，再由方差公式得方差为2.本题主要考查平均数的概念及方差公式，属于容易题．5. 9 解析：由a ⊥(a －b )知，a 2＝a·b ，即5＝x －4，则x ＝9.本题主要考查向量垂直以及向量数量积的性质与坐标运算，属于容易题．6. 53解析：由题设流程图的循环体执行如下：第1次循环z ＝2，x ＝1，y ＝2；第2次循环z ＝3，x ＝2，y ＝3；第3次循环z ＝5，x ＝3，y ＝5；第3次循环后z ＝8，此时输出的结果为53.本题考查流程图的基础知识，关键把握每一次循环体执行情况．本题属于容易题．7. (－∞，1] 解析：可由函数的图象得到函数f(x)的值域为(－∞，1]．本题主要考查分段函数的图象，属于容易题．8. 16解析：连续2次抛掷一枚骰子共有36种基本事件，则事件“两次向上的数字之和等于7”共有6种，则其发生的概率为16.本题考查用列举法解决古典概型问题，属于容易题．9. 5 解析：三个圆锥的底面周长分别为53π，103π，5π，则它们的半径r 1，r 2，r 3依次为56，53，52，则r 1＋r 2＋r 3＝5.本题考查圆锥的侧面展开图中弧长与底面圆周长的关系．本题属于容易题．10. －3125 解析：由sin θ－2cos θ＝－25，sin 2θ＋cos 2θ＝1，θ是第三象限角，得sinθ＝－2425，cos θ＝－725，则sin θ＋cos θ＝－3125.本题考查同角的三角函数关系．本题属于容易题．11. 5或6 解析：由a 5＝15，a 10＝－10，得d ＝－5，则a n ＝40－5n ，T n ＝3(a n ＋ a n ＋5)＝15(11－2n), 则|T n |取得最小值时的n 的值为5或6.本题考查了等差数列的通项公式以及性质．本题属于中等题．12. 18 解析：由直线l 1和直线l 2将圆分成长度相等的四段弧，r ＝22，知：直线l 1和直线l 2之间的距离为4，圆心到直线l 1、直线l 2的距离都为2，可得a ＝22＋1，b ＝1－22，则a 2＋b 2＝18.本题综合考查了直线和圆的位置关系和点到直线的距离公式．本题属于中等题．13. 12解析：由|sinx|－kx ＝0有且只有三个根，又0为其中一个根，即y ＝kx 与y ＝|sinx|相切，设切点为(x 0，y 0)，由导数的几何意义和斜率公式得－cosx 0＝y 0x 0，即得tanx 0＝x 0，x 0（1＋x 20）sin2x 0＝x 01＋x 20×sin 2x 0＋cos 2x 02sinx 0cosx 0＝x 01＋x 20×tan 2x 0＋12tanx 0＝12.本题综合考查了函数的图象变换，导数的几何意义和斜率公式，三角变换等内容．本题综合性强，属于难题．14. 4＋423 解析：将b ＝14a 代入y ＝11－a ＋21－b ＝11－a ＋8a 4a －1，其中14<a<1，求导得y′＝1（1－a ）2－8（4a －1）2＝0，则a ＝－12＋342，代入y ＝11－a ＋21－b，得y 的最小值为4＋423.本题综合考查了代数式变形，以及利用导数求最值．本题属于难题．15. 解：(1) 由余弦定理知acosB ＋bcosA ＝a·a 2＋c 2－b 22ac ＋b·b 2＋c 2－a 22bc ＝2c 22c＝c ，(3分)∴ acosB ＋bcosA c ＝1，∴ cosC ＝12.(5分)又C ∈(0，π)，C ＝π3.(7分)(2) ∵ S △ABC ＝12absinC ＝23，∴ ab ＝8.(10分)∵ a ＋b ＝6，∴ c 2＝a 2＋b 2－2abcosC ＝(a ＋b)2－3ab ＝12，(13分) ∴ c ＝2 3.(14分)16. 证明：(1) 连结AC ，因为E ，F 分别是AB ，BC 的中点，所以EF 是△ABC 的中位线，所以EF ∥AC.(2分)由直棱柱知AA 1平行等于CC 1，所以四边形AA 1C 1C 为平行四边形，所以AC ∥A 1C 1.(5分)所以EF ∥A 1C 1，故A 1，C 1，F ，E 四点共面．(7分)(2) 连结BD ，因为直棱柱中DD 1⊥平面A 1B 1C 1D 1，A 1C 1⊂平面A 1B 1C 1D 1，所以DD 1⊥A 1C 1.(9分)因为底面A 1B 1C 1D 1是菱形，所以A 1C 1⊥B 1D 1.又DD 1∩B 1D 1＝D 1，所以A 1C 1⊥平面BB 1D 1D.(11分) 因为OD ⊂平面BB 1D 1D ，所以OD ⊥A 1C 1.又OD ⊥A 1E ，A 1C 1∩A 1E ＝A 1，A 1C 1 平面A 1C 1FE ，A 1E ⊂平面A 1C 1FE ，所以OD ⊥平面A 1C 1FE.(14分)17. 解：(1) 以AB 所在的直线为x 轴，AB 的中垂线为y 轴，建立如图所示的直角坐标系xOy ，因为AB ＝2米，所以半圆的半径为1米，则半圆的方程为x 2＋y 2＝1(－1≤x ≤1，y ≤0)．(3分) 因为水深CD ＝0.4米，所以OD ＝0.6米． 在Rt △ODM 中，DM ＝OM 2－OD 2＝1－0.62＝0.8(米)．(5分)所以MN ＝2DM ＝1.6米，故渠中水面宽为1.6米．(6分)(2) 为使挖掉的土最少，等腰梯形的两腰必须与半圆相切，设切点为P(cos θ，sin θ)⎝⎛⎭⎫－π2＜θ＜0是圆弧BC 上的一点，过P 作半圆的切线得如图所示的直角梯形OCFE ，得切线EF 的方程为xcos θ＋ysin θ＝1.(8分)令y ＝0，得E ⎝⎛⎭⎫1cos θ，0，令y ＝－1，得F ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1＋sin θcos θ，－1.设直角梯形OCFE 的面积为S ，则S ＝(CF ＋OE)·OC ＝⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫1cos θ＋1＋sin θcos θ×1＝2＋sin θcos θ⎝⎛⎭⎫－π2＜θ＜0. S ′＝cos θcos θ－（2＋sin θ）（－sin θ）cos 2θ＝1＋2sin θcos 2θ，令S′＝0，解得θ＝－π6，当－π2＜θ＜－π6时，S ′＜0，函数单调递减；当－π6＜θ＜0时，S ′＞0，函数单调递增．(12分)所以θ＝－π6时，面积S 取得最小值，最小值为 3.此时CF ＝1＋sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫－π6cos ⎝⎛⎭⎫－π6＝33，即当渠底宽为233米时，所挖的土最少．(14分)18. 解：(1) 由题意B(0，1)，C(0，－1)，焦点F(3，0)，当直线PM 过椭圆的右焦点F 时，则直线PM 的方程为x 3＋y －1＝1，即y ＝33x －1，联立⎩⎨⎧x 24＋y 2＝1，y ＝33x －1，解得⎩⎨⎧x ＝837，y ＝17，或⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x ＝0，y ＝－1(舍)，即M ⎝⎛⎭⎫837，17.(2分)连结BF ，则直线BF ：x 3＋y1＝1，即x ＋3y －3＝0，而BF ＝a ＝2，d ＝⎪⎪⎪⎪837＋3·17－312＋（3）2＝2372＝37.(4分) 故S △MBF ＝12·BF ·d ＝12·2·37＝37.(5分)(2) (解法1)① 设P(m ，－2)，且m ≠0，则直线PM 的斜率为k ＝－1－（－2）0－m＝－1m ，则直线PM 的方程为y ＝－1mx －1，联立⎩⎨⎧y ＝－1m x －1，x 24＋y 2＝1，化简得⎝⎛⎭⎫1＋4m 2x 2＋8m x ＝0，解得M ⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫－8m m 2＋4，4－m 2m 2＋4，(8分) 所以k 1＝4－m 2m 2＋4－1－8m m 2＋4＝－2m 2－8m ＝14m ，k 2＝1－（－2）0－m ＝－3m ，所以k 1·k 2＝－3m ·14m ＝－34为定值．(10分)② 由①知，PB →＝(－m ，3)，PM →＝(－8m m 2＋4－m ，4－m 2m 2＋4＋2)＝⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫－m 3－12m m 2＋4，m 2＋12m 2＋4，所以PB →·PM →＝(－m ，3)·⎝ ⎛⎭⎪⎫－m 3＋12m m 2＋4，m 2＋12m 2＋4 ＝m 4＋15m 2＋36m 2＋4.(13分)令m 2＋4＝t ＞4，故PB →·PM →＝（t －4）2＋15（t －4）＋36t ＝t 2＋7t －8t ＝t －8t＋7.因为y ＝t －8t＋7在t ∈(4，＋∞)上单调递增，所以PB →·PM →＝t －8t ＋7＞4－84＋7＝9，即PB →·PM →的取值范围为(9，＋∞)．(16分)(解法2)① 设点M(x 0，y 0)(x 0≠0)，则直线PM 的方程为y ＝y 0＋1x 0x －1，令y ＝－2，得P ⎝⎛⎭⎫－x 0y 0＋1，－2.(7分)所以k 1＝y 0－1x 0，k 2＝－2－1－x 0y 0＋1＝3（y 0＋1）x 0，所以k 1k 2＝y 0－1x 0·3（y 0＋1）x 0＝3（y 20－1）x 20＝3（y 20－1）4（1－y 20）＝－34(定值)．(10分) ② 由①知，PB →＝⎝⎛⎭⎫x 0y 0＋1，3，PM →＝⎝⎛⎭⎫x 0＋x 0y 0＋1，y 0＋2，所以PB →·PM →＝x 0y 0＋1⎝⎛⎭⎫x 0＋x 0y 0＋1＋3(y 0＋2) ＝x 20（y 0＋2）（y 0＋1）2＋3(y 0＋2) ＝4（1－y 20）（y 0＋2）（y 0＋1）2＋3(y 0＋2)＝（7－y 0）（y 0＋2）y 0＋1.(13分) 令t ＝y 0＋1∈(0，2)，则PB →·PM →＝（8－t ）（t ＋1）t ＝－t ＋8t＋7，因为y ＝－t ＋8t＋7在t ∈(0，2)上单调递减，所以PB →·PM →＝－t ＋8t ＋7＞－2＋82＋7＝9，即PB →·PM →的取值范围为(9，＋∞)．(16分)19. 解：(1) q ＝0，a n ＋1－a n ＝p·3n －1，∴ a 2＝a 1＋p ＝12＋p ，a 3＝a 2＋3p ＝12＋4p.由数列{a n }为等比数列，得⎝⎛⎭⎫12＋p 2＝12⎝⎛⎭⎫12＋4p ，解得p ＝0或p ＝1.(3分) 当p ＝0时，a n ＋1＝a n ，∴ a n ＝12符合题意；(4分)当p ＝1时，a n ＋1－a n ＝3n －1，∴ a n ＝a 1＋(a 2－a 1)＋(a 3－a 2)＋…＋(a n －a n －1)＝12＋(1＋3＋…＋3n －2)＝12＋1－3n －11－3＝12·3n －1， ∴ a n ＋1a n＝3符合题意．(6分)(2) (解法1)若p ＝1，a n ＋1－a n ＝3n －1－nq ， ∴ a n ＝a 1＋(a 2－a 1)＋(a 3－a 2)＋…＋(a n －a n －1) ＝12＋(1＋3＋…＋3n －2)－[1＋2＋…＋(n －1)]q ＝12[3n －1－n(n －1)q]．(8分)∵ 数列{a n }的最小项为a 4，∴ 对 n ∈N *，有12[3n －1－n(n －1)q]≥a 4＝12(27－12q)恒成立，即3n －1－27≥(n 2－n －12)q对 n ∈N *恒成立．(10分)当n ＝1时，有－26≥－12q ，∴ q ≥136；当n ＝2时，有－24≥－10q ，∴ q ≥125；当n ＝3时，有－18≥－6q ，∴ q ≥3； 当n ＝4时，有0≥0，∴ q ∈R ；(12分)当n ≥5时，n 2－n －12＞0，所以有q ≤3n －1－27n 2－n －12恒成立．令c n ＝3n －1－27n 2－n －12(n ≥5，n ∈N *)，有c n ＋1－c n ＝2（n 2－2n －12）3n －1＋54n （n 2－16）（n 2－9）＞0，即数列{c n }为递增数列，∴ q ≤c 5＝274.(15分)综上所述，3≤q ≤274.(16分)(解法2)因为p ＝1，a n ＋1－a n ＝3n －1－nq ， 又a 4为数列{a n }的最小项，所以⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧a 4－a 3≤0，a 5－a 4≥0，即⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧9－3q ≤0，27－4q ≥0，所以3≤q ≤274.(8分)此时a 2－a 1＝1－q ＜0，a 3－a 2＝3－2q ＜0， 所以a 1＞a 2＞a 3≥a 4.(10分)当n ≥4时，令b n ＝a n ＋1－a n ，b n ＋1－b n ＝2·3n －1－q ≥2·34－1－274＞0，所以b n ＋1＞b n ，所以0≤b 4＜b 5＜b 6＜…，即a 4≤a 5＜a 6＜a 7＜….(14分)综上所述，当3≤q ＜274时，a 4为数列{a n }的最小项，即所求q 的取值范围为⎣⎡⎦⎤3，274.(16分)20. 解：(1) 当a ＝1时，f(x)＝e x (2x －1)－x ＋1，f ′(x)＝e x (2x ＋1)－1，(1分) 由于f′(0)＝0，当x ∈(0，＋∞)时，e x ＞1，2x ＋1＞1，∴ f ′(x)＞0； 当x ∈(－∞，0)时，0＜e x ＜1，2x ＋1＜1，∴ f ′(x)＜0，∴ f(x)在区间(－∞，0)上单调递减，在区间(0，＋∞)上单调递增．(4分) (2) ① 由f(x)＜0得e x (2x －1)＜a(x －1)． 当x ＝1时，不等式显然不成立；当x ＞1时，a ＞e x （2x －1）x －1；当x ＜1时，a ＜e x （2x －1）x －1.(6分)记g(x)＝e x （2x －1）x －1，g ′(x)＝e x （2x ＋1）（x －1）－e x （2x －1）（x －1）2＝e x （2x 2－3x ）（x －1）2，∴ g(x)在区间(－∞，0)和⎝⎛⎭⎫32，＋∞上为增函数，在(0，1)和⎝⎛⎭⎫1，32上为减函数． ∴ 当x ＞1时，a ＞g ⎝⎛⎭⎫32＝4e 32，当x ＜1时，a ＜g(0)＝1.(8分)综上所述，所有a 的取值范围为(－∞，1)∪()4e 32，＋∞.(9分)② 由①知a ＜1时，x 0∈(－∞，1)， 由f(x 0)＜0，得g(x 0)＞a ，又g(x)在区间(－∞，0)上单调递增，在(0，1)上单调递减，且g(0)＝1＞a ，∴ g(－1)≤a ，即a ≥32e ，∴ 32e ≤a ＜1.(12分)当a ＞4e 32时，x 0∈(1，＋∞)，由f(x 0)＜0，得g(x 0)＜a ，又g(x)在区间⎝⎛⎭⎫1，32上单调递减，在⎝⎛⎭⎫32，＋∞上单调递增，且g ⎝⎛⎭⎫32＝4e 32＜a ，∴ ⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧g （2）＜a ，g （3）≥a ，解得3e 2＜a ≤5e 32.(15分)综上所述，所有a 的取值范围为⎣⎡⎭⎫32e ，1∪⎝⎛⎦⎤3e 2，5e 32.(16分)21. A. (1) 证明：因为BD ＝CD ，所以∠BCD ＝∠CBD. 因为CE 是圆的切线，所以∠ECD ＝∠CBD.(2分) 所以∠ECD ＝∠BCD ，所以∠BCE ＝2∠ECD.因为∠EAC ＝∠BCE ，所以∠EAC ＝2∠ECD.(5分)(2) 解：因为BD ⊥AB ，所以AC ⊥CD ，AC ＝AB.(6分) 因为BC ＝BE ，所以∠BEC ＝∠BCE ＝∠EAC ， 所以AC ＝EC.(7分)由切割线定理得EC 2＝AE·BE ，即AB 2＝AE·(AE －AB)， 即AB 2＋2AB －4＝0，解得AB ＝5－1.(10分)B. 解：设M ＝⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤a b c d ，则⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤a b c d ⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤11＝3⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤11＝⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤33，故⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧a ＋b ＝3，c ＋d ＝3.(3分) ⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤a b cd ⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤－1 2＝⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤915，故⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧－a ＋2b ＝9，－c ＋2d ＝15.(6分) 联立以上两方程组解得a ＝－1，b ＝4，c ＝－3，d ＝6，故M ＝⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤－1 4－36.(10分)C. 解：由⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x ＝t ，y ＝3t 3，消去t 得曲线C 1的普通方程为y ＝33x(x ≥0)；(3分)由ρ＝2，得ρ2＝4，得曲线C 2的直角坐标方程是x 2＋y 2＝4.(6分) 联立⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧y ＝33x （x ≥0），x 2＋y 2＝4，解得⎩⎨⎧x ＝3，y ＝1.故曲线C 1与C 2的交点坐标为(3，1)．(10分)D. (1) 证明：由a ＞0，有f(x)＝⎪⎪⎪⎪x ＋1a ＋|x －a| ≥⎪⎪⎪⎪x ＋1a －（x －a ）＝1a ＋a ≥2， 所以f(x)≥2.(4分)(2) 解：f(3)＝⎪⎪⎪⎪3＋1a ＋|3－a|. 当a ＞3时，f(3)＝a ＋1a ，由f(3)＜5得3＜a ＜5＋212.(6分)当0＜a ≤3时，f(3)＝6－a ＋1a ，由f(3)＜5得1＋52＜a ≤3.(8分)综上，a 的取值范围是⎝⎛⎭⎪⎫1＋52，5＋212.(10分)22. 解：(1) 记“该网民购买i 种商品”为事件A i ，i ＝2，3，则 P(A 3)＝34×23×12＝14，P(A 2)＝34×23×⎝⎛⎭⎫1－12＋34×⎝⎛⎭⎫1－23×12＋⎝⎛⎭⎫1－34×23×12＝1124，(3分) 所以该网民至少购买2种商品的概率为 P(A 3)＋P(A 2)＝14＋1124＝1724.答：该网民至少购买2种商品的概率为1724.(5分)(2) 随机变量η的可能取值为0，1，2，3， P(η＝0)＝⎝⎛⎭⎫1－34×⎝⎛⎭⎫1－23×⎝⎛⎭⎫1－12＝124， 又P(η＝2)＝P(A 2)＝1124，P(η＝3)＝P(A 3)＝14，所以P(η＝1)＝1－124－1124－14＝14.所以随机变量η的概率分布为(8分)故数学期望E(η)＝0×124＋1×14＋2×1124＋3×14＝2312.(10分)23. 解：(1) 当k ＝4时，第4层标注数字依次为x 1，x 2，x 3，x 4，第3层标注数字依次为x 1＋x 2，x 2＋x 3，x 3＋x 4，第2层标注数字依次为x 1＋2x 2＋x 3，x 2＋2x 3＋x 4，所以x 0＝x 1＋3x 2＋3x 3＋x 4.(2分)因为x 0为2的倍数，所以x 1＋x 2＋x 3＋x 4是2的倍数，则x 1，x 2，x 3，x 4四个都取0或两个取0两个取1或四个都取1，所以共有1＋C 24＋1＝8种标注方法．(4分)(2) 当k＝11时，第11层标注数字依次为x1，x2，…，x11，第10层标注数字依次为x1＋x2，x2＋x3，…，x10＋x11，第9层标注数字依次为x1＋2x2＋x3，x2＋2x3＋x4，…，x9＋2x10＋x11，以此类推，可得x0＝x1＋C110x2＋C210x3＋…＋C910x10＋x11.(6分)因为C210＝C810＝45，C310＝C710＝120，C410＝C610＝210，C510＝252均为3的倍数，所以只要x1＋C110x2＋C910x10＋x11是3的倍数，即只要x1＋x2＋x10＋x11是3的倍数．(8分) 所以x1，x2，x10，x11四个都取0或三个取1一个取0，而其余七个x3，x4， (x9)以取0或1，这样共有(1＋C34)×27＝640种标注方法．(10分)。

江苏省2018年高三招生考试20套模拟测试 英语试题十二 含答案

江苏省2018年高三招生考试20套模拟测试 英语试题十二 含答案

江苏省普通高等学校招生考试高三模拟测试卷(十二)一、根据提示填出试卷中出现的单词：(一) 汉译英：1. 童年n．____________________2. 双倍的adj.__________3. 发言人n．__________4. 潜在的adj.潜力n.__________5. 一瞥n．__________6. 经济n．__________7. 政策n．__________8. 使满意vt.__________9. 忽略；俯视v．__________10. 掌握；领会v．__________(二) 英译汉：1. journalist n．__________2. release n．__________3. security n．__________4. shadow n．__________5. vision n．__________6. assess v．__________7. remove v．__________8. survive v．__________9. challenge v. & n．__________10. measure n．__________二、根据提示填出试卷中出现的短语：1. with dignity____________________2. take up__________3. hold up__________4. put up__________5. in proportion to__________6. in place of__________7. in competition with__________8. in return for__________9. 节食__________10. 别急；慢慢来__________11. 再说一遍__________12. 黑马__________13. 害群之马__________14. 增加了__________15. 迎合__________三、根据汉语提示完成试卷中的句子(每空一词)：1. 童年时期的记忆永远难以忘记，它将我们带回到我们曾经到过的地方和将要去的地方.Memories from childhood stay with us forever, taking us ________ we have been and will go.2. 当一个人得到感谢时，他再次帮助别人的可能性会增加一倍.When someone ________ ________，it more than doubles his or her chances of being helpful again.3. 如果不去做一些超越你能力的事情，你将永远不会成长起来.________ you try to do something beyond what you have already mastered, you will never grow.4. 女性应该得到尊重，她们的声音应该让全世界的人听到.Women deserve to be treated ________ dignity and they should make their voices ________ in the world.四、范文默写(根据括号中所给单词或上下文语境填空)：(1) ________ is vividly illustrated above, success is like an iceberg (2) ________(float) in the sea. Only a small part of it can be seen (3) ________ most of it is invisible under the water.When (4) ________ (talk) about success, people often fix their mind (5) ________ success itself, ignoring some hidden factors. I hold the belief (6) ________ although dedication, hard work and discipline are key elements of success, failure and sacrifice are also significant. Those who areunwilling to be persistent will end (7) ________ failure. On the whole, hard work is the leading factor.“Success Iceberg”teaches me how to view success properly. Take my story for example. When in Grade 7, I didn't do well in maths. After much hard work, I got the highest score in the final examination. My classmates thought I succeeded only because I had a higher IQ. (8) ________(actual), they failed to see the fact that my success resulted from many other factors, which played a more important role than IQ.(十二)一、(一) 1. childhood 2. double 3. spokesman 4. potential5. glance6. economy7. policy8. satisfy9. overlook10. master(二) 1. 新闻工作者 2. 释放；发布 3. 安全 4. 阴影5. 视力；视觉6. 评定；评估7.移开；去除8. 幸存9. 挑战10. 措施；尺寸二、 1. 严正的；有尊严地 2. 占据；开始从事 3. 举起；耽搁4. 举起；张贴；留宿5. 和……成比例6. 代替7. 和……竞争8. 作为……回报9. go on a diet10. take your time11. beg your pardon12. a black horse13. a black sheep14. add to15. cater to三、 1. where 2. is thanked 3. Unless 4. with; heard四、 1. As 2. floating 3. while 4. talking 5. on 6. that7. in8. Actually。

江苏省普通高等学校2018年高三英语招生考试20套模拟测试试题

江苏省普通高等学校2018年高三英语招生考试20套模拟测试试题

江苏省普通高等学校招生考试高三模拟测试卷英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分。

满分120分，考试时间120分钟。

第Ⅰ卷(选择题共85分)第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

( )1. Where does the conversation most probably take place?A. At a bank.B. On campus.C. In a library.( )2. What can we learn about the man?A. He is asking for an advertisement.B. He is applying for a temporary job.C. He is having trouble with the Internet.( )3. What does the man say about their work?A. He suggests giving a lecture.B. He suggests taking on more tasks.C. He suggests doing a combined presentation.( )4. How does the woman probably feel?A. Anxious.B. Relieved.C. Satisfied.( )5. What does the woman think of Michael O'Brien?A. He worked hard 20 years ago.B. He is excited as always.C. He is still very popular among the fans.第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白。

江苏省高考2018年高三招生考试20套模拟测试 英语试题九 含解析

江苏省高考2018年高三招生考试20套模拟测试 英语试题九 含解析

江苏省普通高等学校招生考试高三模拟测试卷(九) 英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分.满分120分，考试时间120分钟.第Ⅰ卷(选择题共85分)第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置.听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍.()1. What will the speakers do next?A. Eat some bread.B. Go out to eat.C. Make some soup.()2. Where are the speakers?A. In a store.B. On the bus.C. In a bank.()3. What is the relationship between the speakers?A. Husband and wife.B. Teacher and student.C. Brother and sister.()4. What does the man think of the actor's performance?A. Great.B. Just so－so.C. Terrible.()5. What seems to be the man's opinion?A. Mary will be a good teacher.B. Mary can express her ideas clearly.C. The students won't understand Mary very well.第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置.听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍.听第6段材料，回答第6、7题.()6. What does the woman look like in the photo?A. Relaxed.B. Young.C. Happy.()7. What's true about the woman's mother?A. She had suffered from skin cancer.B. She went to the beach every year.C. She likes swimming in the sea most.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题.()8. Why does the woman need to leave early?A. To meet a friend.B. To have a job interview.C. To talk to Prof. Sogard about her paper.()9. What is the woman most interested in right now?A. Getting more experience.B. Earning more money.C. Helping others.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题.()10. Where are the speakers?A. At a travel agency.B. On a plane.C. In the airport.()11. What annoys the woman most about air travel?A. Waiting in line to get through security.B. Not being told the reason for a delay.C. Having to wait for a delayed plane.()12. What does the woman think about getting free meals from the airlines?A. She thinks it's unnecessary.B. She doesn't think they will do it.C. She thinks it's part of traveling by air.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题.()13. What season is it now?A. Spring.B. Summer.C. Fall.()14. Where should the man go if he wants to go hiking?A. Germany.B. Switzerland.C. Spain.()15. Why doesn't the man want to go to Greece?A. He can't understand the language.B. He dislikes ocean voyages.C. He isn't used to the food there.()16. What do we know about the man's nephew?A. He is a student now.B. He has been to France before.C. He teaches French at school.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题.()17. When does the sports center close in the evening?A. 7：00.B. 8：00.C. 9：00.()18. Which place is open all day?A. The basketball courts.B. The tennis courts.C. The shop.()19. For how long is the swimming pool open in the morning?A. Two hours.B. Three hours.C. Seven hours.()20. What will the listeners do next?A. Buy some books.B. Follow the speaker.C. Have some snacks.第二部分：英语基础知识运用(共两节，满分35分)第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.()21. — The Spring Festival is drawing near. I am considering traveling in a small town, especially ________ with an ocean view.—I agree with you; I would appreciate it if you could take me there.A. itB. oneC. thatD. this()22. While David sometimes has trouble getting along with his parents and even argues with them, their parents love him ________．A. not so muchB. not so littleC. no moreD. no less()23. The two－story building has turned into a tea－house, among ________ previous owners were many well－known actors and actresses.A. whoseB. whichC. whatD. whom()24. The police have already investigated some witnesses and the ________ is that it was just an accident, even among the families.A. conscienceB. criterionC. consensusD. contract()25. Watching football games on TV at home is one thing, going to watch them ________ live is quite another.A. performB. performingC. to performD. being performed()26. Many Chinese use WeChat for both one－on－one and group communication ________ international phone calls when traveling overseas.A. in preference toB. in process ofC. in reference withD. in search of()27. — The Chinese men's basketball team won the champion in the final of the Asianchampionship in Changsha on Oct. 3rd, 2015.—Fantastic! It is the 16th time in history that China ________ the honorable award.A. gotB. had gotC. have gotD. has got()28. — What shall we do to make the movie star's visit more successful?—Not much. It is just the hotel to put her up in ________ she is really particular about.A. whereB. whatC. whichD. that()29. — Poor and backward area ________ Western China is, many college students are willing to work there after graduation.—I can't agree more. More chances of employment are available.A. sinceB. asC. althoughD. while()30. Among the biggest problems facing those remote mountainous villages ________ the lack of experienced teachers.A. isB. areC. is thereD. are there()31. The educational expert's speech ________ a new round of consultation from parents about children's domestic education.A. put offB. left offC. let offD. kicked off()32. New version of Paris climate agreement ________，the whole world has seen a promising future of lower planet－warming greenhouse gas emissions.A. releasingB. releasedC. has releasedD. has been released()33. I wouldn't pursue my writing career now if I ________ myself as weak in writing when I was young.A. definedB. should defineC. would defineD. had defined()34. Fine violins by skilled old Italians can ________ hundreds of thousands of dollars, and prices still keep rising.A. withdrawB. fetchC. depositD. charge()35. — If you don't improve your performance, they'll fire you.—I know. ________．A. I can see the handwriting on the wallB. I'm as cool as a cucumberC. It's a confidential sourceD. It's hard to please all第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.She has a personality of bravery and liveliness, which wins hearts within minutes —and 9－year－old Gracie Miller is the symbol of grace after a tragic pit bull attack.“I may have lost my face, but I haven't lost my __36__，”she said, calming her mom down in the __37__ room, 15 minutes after the accident, two days before Thanksgiving.That day, Gracie was visiting her grandfather, Ray Kaighn. While they were hanging out in the __38__，somehow, Atticus, a five－year－old pit bull owned by a visiting family member, took a flying __39__ at Gracie, teeth __40__ into Gracie's face before its owner ran down to __41__ him.Kaighn said he had been __42__ to have the dog in his home, but agreed because Atticus was well－mannered and patient with children —__43__ suddenly he wasn't.When Gracie came rolling into the emergency room, her attending doctor said, “She was just so __44__. Her parents were really upset and she was __45__ them and telling them it would be OK... __46__ amazingly, the wounds to her face __47__ missed her eye and her ear.”Her teacher Kristine Lowder has been visiting her to tutor her. Lowder said the news of the dog attack left her __48__ for days. “She is so lively, a happy－go－lucky kind of girl who was the __49__ of grace in our class.”Gracie has __50__ many people in a similar way. And Gracie's mom said her girl has never missed a beat since she came home. She will return to gymnastics soon.Gracie was never a bit worried about __51__ to the basement where she had been so bitterly __52__—and she was upset when she learned Atticus would be __53__ as a result.“I don't want him to die, I just don't want to see him again，”she told her family.In life, many people are easy to feel frustrated by meeting a bit of __54__. From Gracie, we can conclude __55__ and optimism surely contribute to our happy welfare.()36. A. consciousness B. memory C. enthusiasm D. personality()37. A. sleeping B. consulting C. emergency D. examination()38. A. basement B. backyard C. wing D. park()39. A. move B. jump C. action D. scratch()40. A. rubbed B. bitten C. sunk D. plugged()41. A. scold B. contain C. frighten D. curse()42. A. disgusted B. determined C. instant D. hesitant()43. A. when B. before C. after D. until()44. A. brave B. talkative C. kind D. scared()45. A. pleasing B. comforting C. relieving D. securing()46. A. Or B. Yet C. And D. But()47. A. closely B. simply C. narrowly D. partly()48. A. broken up B. torn up C. mixed up D. pushed up()49. A. signal B. sculpture C. sign D. symbol()50. A. touched B. encouraged C. educated D. conducted()51. A. running down B. falling down C. jumping down D. flying down()52. A. beaten B. defeated C. hit D. attacked()53. A. put down B. put away C. put off D. put out()54. A. wound B. shortcoming C. setback D. disadvantage()55. A. sympathy B. positivity C. mercy D. glory第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项. AIMPORTANT SAFETY NOTES*Do not use a cell phone near the unit, which may result in operational failure.*Changes or modifications not approved by Omron Healthcare will declare the user warranty()56. Your measure reading might be inaccurate, if________．a. you have just finished your mealb. you have just cycled home from workc. your child is using the cell phone in the next roomd. your wife has just finished measuring her blood pressuree. you have just been scolded by your boss because of the delayed work A. abc B. abe C. bce D. cde()57. Which of the following monitors is under warranty?A. The monitor that was bought six years ago.B. The monitor that goes wrong due to false use.C. The monitor whose purchase proof is missing.D. The monitor whose system broke down when first used.BAlthough the Samoan(萨摩亚) Natives have long claimed to be the indigenous(本土的) people of their islands, holding firm to the belief that Samoans were birthed by special creation in Samoa, it has been theorized by many linguists, based on linguistic commonalities as well as archaeological findings, that migrants from Southeast Asia arrived in the Samoan Islands approximately 3500 years ago, settling in what has come to be known as “Polynesia“further to the east.Early contact with Europeans was established in the 18th century. Christianity was formally introduced with the arrival of missionaries(传教士) in August 1830. During the early 20th century the Samoan Islands were divided by Germany, Great Britain and the USA. Tutuila and Aunu'u islands were claimed by the USA. The western islands became German Samoa. In 1914, New Zealand forces captured the islands from Germany, thus becoming Western Samoa. Western Samoa regained its independence on January 1, 1962.Samoans are notable in rugby. Despite its small population, the island of American Samoa produces disproportionately a large number of world－class American football players. Samoan Mosi Tatupu was a member of NFL team(全国橄榄球联盟) the New England Patriots. Samoan Troy Polamalu was a member of the NFL team the Pittsburgh Steelers until he retired after the 2014 football season.Traditional Samoan tattoo(纹身) proves the strong ties many Samoans feel for their culture. Samoans have practiced the art of tattooing for over 2，000 years. To this day, a man's tattoo widely covers from mid－back, down the sides, to the knees. A woman's tattoo is not quite aswide or heavy. The geometric patterns are based on ancient designs, and often indicate rank and status.Here is the process of tattooing. The tattoo master dips his cutting tools into black ink made from burnt shells, and then punctures designs into the skin. The cutting tool consists of a short piece of bamboo or light wood with a piece of tortoiseshell bound at right angles at one end. A little bone comb is bound to the lower broad end of the tortoiseshell. The larger the comb, the greater the area on the skin is covered with fewer strokes. The process takes days, and is sometimes partially accomplished over longer periods, with recovery in between.()58. From Paragraph 2 we can learn that ________．A. Missionaries firstly introduced Christianity into Samoa in August of 1830B. Tutuila and Aunu'u islands have ever been claimed by Great Britain in 1920C. Eastern and western Samoa regained its independence in January of 1962D. Samoa has a history of being occupied by at least four developed countries()59. The author introduced the sport item “rugby” in Samoa with a tone of ________．A. dignityB. doubtC. respectD. sadness()60. When talking about their culture, Samoan natives most probably agree that ________．A. a woman's tattoo is quite heavy and not wideB. a man's tattoo covers from mid－chest to kneesC. Tattoo－receiving recovers slowly but necessarilyD. Tattoo patterns always indicate rank and genderCNEW cars that can control and brake themselves risk quieting people in the driver's seat into a false sense of security —and even to sleep.That was one surprising finding when researchers put Stanford University students in a simulated(模拟的) self－driving car to study how they reacted when their robo－chauffer needed help. The experiment was one in a growing number that assesses how cars can safely hand control back to a person when their self－driving software is at a loss.With some models already able to stay in their lane or keep a safe distance from other traffic, and automakers pushing for more automation, the car－to－driver handoff is a big open question.The elimination(消除) of distracted driving is a major selling point for the technology. But in the Stanford experiment, reading or watching a movie helped keep participants awake. The Stanford research suggests engaging people with media could help, while some automakers are marketing vehicles with limited self－driving features that will slow the car if they detect a person has stopped paying attention to the road. Though research is ongoing, it appears that people need at least 5 seconds to take over.Meanwhile, traditional automakers are advancing with the technology. Mercedes and Toyota sell cars that can hit the brakes and stay in their lane. By adding new features each year, they might produce a truly self－driving car in about a decade. One potential risk of this gradualist approach became clear this fall, when Tesla Mo tors had to explain that its “auto pilot” feature did not mean drivers could stop paying attention. Starting late next year, the Cadillac CTS will get a Super Cruise system, which will allow semi－autonomous highway driving. If the driver's eyes are off the road, and they don't respond to repeated urging, the car slows.“We are in no way selling this as a technology where the driver can check out，”General Motors spokesman Dan Flores said, “You can relax, glance away, but you still have to be aware because you know the technology's not safe.”One riddle automakers must solve: How to get owners to trust the technology so they'll use it — but not trust it so much that they'll fall into a false sense of security. Trust was on the mind of researchers who in August published an extensive report on self－driving cars. “Although this trust is essential for widespread adoption, participants were also observed prioritizing non－driving activities over the operation of the vehicle，”the authors wrote. Another wide－open question: How to alert the person in the driver's seat of the need to take over. It appears that the car should appeal to several senses. Visual warnings alone may not be enough.()61. In the experiment, one disadvantage of the self－driving car is that in the drivers' seats people ________．A. have a sense of security because of new technologyB. can't react immediately when they need helpC. are often distracted while driving the carD. like to read and watch a movie to keep awake()62. What does the underlined word “handoff” in Paragraph 3 probably mean?A. changeB. controlC. pullD. push()63. From the passage, we can conclude that ________．A. the automakers are proud of the new cars for their technologyB. there are problems to solve in getting owners to trust the technologyC. automakers have already marketed cars with limited self－driving technologyD. traditional automakers rather than present ones are advancing with the technology()64. The author's purpose of writing the passage is to ________．A. remind the readers of risks in the self－driving carB. advertise and market the new self－driving carC. get more participants to experiment in the self－driving carD. introduce the advanced technology in the self－driving carDGone with the Wind is a novel written by Margaret Mitchell, first published in 1936. It was popular with American readers from the onset and was the top American fiction bestseller in the year it was published and in 1937 on the row. As of 2014, a Harris poll found it to be the second favorite book of American readers, just behind the Bible. More than 30 million copies have been printed worldwide. The sales of Margaret Mitchell's novel in the summer of 1936, at the virtually unprecedented price of three dollars, reached about one million by the end of December. Because it was released in the era of the Great Depression and Mitchell worried the high $3.00 price would ruin its chance for success. Actually the book was a bestseller by the time reviews began to appear in national magazines.Herschel Brickell, a critic for the New York Evening Post, praised Mitchell for the way she “tosses out the window all the thousands of technical tricks our novelists have been playing with for the past twenty years”．One criticism by literary scholar Patricia Yaeger, leveled at Gone with the Wind, is for its portrayal of African Americans in the 19th century South. Former_field_hands during the early days of Reconstruction are described behaving “as creatures of small intelligence might naturally be expected to do. Like monkeys or small children turned loose among treasured objects whose value is beyond their comprehension, they ran wild—either from wrong pleasure in destruction or simply because of their ignorance.”In Gone with the Wind Mitchell is blind to racial oppressionand “the inseparability of race and gender”that defines the southern belle character of Scarlett, according to Patricia Yaeger.Yet there are complexities in the way that Mitchell dealt with racial issues. Scarlett was asked by a Yankee woman for advice on who to appoint as a nurse for her children; Scarlett suggested a “darky”，much to the disgust of the Yankee woman who was seeking an Irish maid, a “Bridget”. African Americans and Irish Americans are treated “in precisely the same way”in Gone with the Wind, writes David O'Connell in his 1996 book, The Irish Roots of Margaret Mitchell's Gone with the Wind. Ethnic slurs(种族蔑称) on the Irish and Irish stereotypes spread in every part of the novel, O'Connell claims, and Scarlett is not an exception to the insults. And apparently in the novel, the Irish American O'Haras were slaveholders whereas African Americans were held as slaves.Speaking on the subject of whether Gone with the Wind should be taught in schools, James Loewen, author of Lies My Teacher Told Me: Everything Your American History Textbook Got Wrong，says the novel should be taught in schools. Students should be told that Gone with the Wind presents the wrong view of slavery, Loewen states. Besides, the main complaint was that the racial slur “nigger”appears repeatedly in the novel. In the same complaint were several other books: The Nigger of the “Narcissus”，Uncle Tom's Cabin, and The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn.Another criticism of the novel is that it promotes plantation values. Mitchell biographer Marianne Walker, author of Margaret Mitchell & John Marsh: The Love Story Behind Gone with the Wind, is of the opinion that those who believe Gone with the Wind promotes plantation values have not read the book. Walker states it is the popular 1939 film that “promotes a false notion of the Old South”. She goes on to add that Mitchell had no involvement in the production of the film. Perhaps the most enduring legacy(遗产) of Gone with the Wind is that people worldwide would incorrectly think it was the true story of the Old South and how it was changed by the American Civil War and Reconstruction. The film version of the novel “amplified this effect”. Scholars of the period have written in recent years about the negative effects the novel has had on race relations.()65. When Gone with the Wind was published, ________．A. it became the top bestseller all of the timeB. reading was more popular than anything else thenC. the price of the book was too high for people thenD. American people were suffering financial problems()66. In Paragraph 3, the underlined part “Former field hands”refers to ________．A. peasants in the early timeB. African－American peopleC. creatures of small intelligenceD. people in Reconstruction()67. David O'Connell's view is different from Patricia Yaeger's in ________．A. Mitchell's Ethnic slurs in the novelB. Mitchell's description of slave laborersC. Mitchell's attitude towards the Irish peopleD. Mitchell's ways of dealing with racial problems()68. According to Paragraph 5, which of the following statements is TRUE?A. James Loewen sings high praise for American history textbooks.B. Uncle Tom's Cabin also shows some racial discrimination.C. The repeated appearance of the racial slur “n igger” is only a trick.D. Gone with the Wind should be taught because it shows slavery is wrong.()69. What can we infer as to the film Gone with the Wind?A. It has nothing to do with the novel.B. It promotes a false concept of plantation.C. It reflects the true story of the Old South.D. It is not so faithful to the novel.()70. Among the four persons, who doesn't give positive comments on Gone with the Wind?A. Herschel Brickell.B. David O'Connell.C. Patricia Yaeger.D. Marianne Walker.第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共35分)第四部分：任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词.注意：每个空格只填1个单词.Is E－Mail Dead?With the rise of rapid－fire messaging, the digital letter seems to be crawling toward the fate of snail mail. If your in－box is currently reporting unread messages in the hundreds or thousands,you might have a hard time believing the news: e－mail is on the decline. The total volume of e－mail has dropped about 10 percent since 2010.The word “e－mail” itself tells you about its origins: it was modeled on written letters. To this day, a lot of e－mail begins with a salutat ion. Maybe it's “Hey” instead of “Dear Casey”，but it's there. And because there was so much overhead involved with sending a letter—folding, enveloping, addressing, stamping, mailing—few bothered to send only a few words. The effort seemed to justify a longer message. Once viewed as the death of the personal human touch, e－mail has now taken over the letter's place as a form of new communication—both business and personal. But is its day in the digital sun coming to a close?Today's instant electronic memos—such as texting and Facebook and Twitter messages—are more direct, more concentrated, more efficient. They get rid of the salutation; we already know the “to” and “from”. Many corporations are moving to messaging networks for exactly that reason: more signal, less noise. And less time.This trend is further evidence that store－and－forward systems such as e－mail and voicemail are outdated. Instead of my leaving you a lengthy message that you pick up later, I can now send you an easily consumed message that you can read—and respond to—on the go.The decline of e－mail corresponds neatly to the dawn of the mobile era.Does this mean e－mail is on its way to the dustbin of digital history? Was it just a transitional technology—from postal mail to the new, rapid－fire communication channels?Not necessarily. E－mail still has certain advantages. Whereas tweets and texts feel transient—you read them, then they're gone, into an endless string—e－mail still feels like something you have, that you can file, search and return to later. It's easy to imagine that it will continue to feel more appropriate for formal communications: agreements, important news, longer explanations.So in a word, no, e－mail won't go away completely. Remember, we've been through a transition like this not so long ago: when e－mail was on the rise, people said that postal mail was dead. That's not how it works. Postal mail found its place, and so will e－mail. Technology rarely replaces an institution completely; it just adds new avenues.Is E－Mail Dead？The origins of e－mailCurrentsituations第五部分：书面表达(满分25分)阅读下面的短文，然后按照要求用英语写一篇150词左右的短文.【写作内容】1. 用约30个单词概述上述图文信息的主要内容.2. 列举1至2个中外文化差异的事例.3. 谈谈我们该如何正确对待文化差异的问题(不少于两点).【写作要求】 1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句.2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称.3. 不必写标题.【评分标准】内容完整，语言规范，语篇连贯，词数适当.听力1~5 BACAC 6~10 ACBAC11~15 BBABC 16~20 ACBAB单项填空21.B 解析：考查代词.one代替名词a small town.第一句句意：我在考虑到一个小镇去旅游，尤其想到一个能看到海景的小镇.22.D 解析：考查形容词比较级.句意：尽管David有时候与父母相处不好，甚至有时候他还会和他们争吵，但是他的父母对他的爱没有减少.no less意为“不少；较多”，符合句意.23.A 解析：考查定语从句.whose引导定语从句，且whose作定语，修饰owners.因此选A.句意：那个两层楼已经变成茶馆了，它以前的主人中有很多是著名的演员.24.C 解析：考查名词.A项意为“良心；良知”；B项意为“标准”；C项意为“共识”；D 项意为“合同”.句意：经常调查了一些证人，最后得到一个共识，即那是一次事故.根据句意可知C项正确.25.D 解析：考查非谓语动词.根据句意可知，perform与其逻辑主语them之间为动宾关系，要选被动意义的选项，而本题四个选项中只有D项为被动意义，其他三项皆为主动意义，故选 D.句意：在家的电视上看足球比赛是一回事，看现场直播又是另外一回事.being performed为现在分词的被动式，作宾语补足语.26.A 解析：考查介词短语.A项意为“优先于”；B C项意为“参照”；D项意为“搜查；寻找”.根据题意可知选A.句意：人们到国外旅行时，优先使用微信交流而不用国际长途电话.27.D 解析：考查动词时态.在“It's time that...”这个句式中，从句的谓语动词要用现在完成时；由此可以排除A、B两项；这句话的主语China为单数名词，故选D项排除C项.28.D 解析：考查强调句.这是一个强调句，被强调部分是句子宾语the hotel.29.B 解析：考查倒装句.这是一个倒装句：让步状语从句中，表语“poor and backward are”被提到了前面，构成了倒装句.正常语序是：Although Western China is poor andbackward area, many college....30.A 解析：考查倒装句.根据语法规则，表示方位的介词短语置于句首时，要用全部倒装句，而本题中的介词短语Among the biggest problems facing those remote mountainous villages正是表示方位的，所以要用全部倒装，且主语为单数名词the lack，故选A项.31.D 解析：考查动词短语.A项意为“推迟”；B项意为“停止（做）某事，戒掉；戒除”；C项意为“让……下车（下船）”；D项意为“（使）开始”.根据句意可知，D项正确.句意：教育专家的话开始（揭开）了新的一轮从父母那里咨询有关家庭教育问题的（热潮）.32.B 解析：考查非谓语动词.分析句式结构可知，由于缺少连词，因此不能选择谓语动词，由此可以排除C、D两项；另外，release与agreement之间为动宾关系，故要用过去分词，即B项正确.这是一个独立主格结构.33.D 解析：考查虚拟语气.句意：如果年轻时候相信自己不善于写作，我现在就不可能从事自己的写作事业了.根据句意可知，这是一个错综条件句，即主句是表示现在，从句表示过去发生的事情.故D项正确.34.B 解析：考查动词.fetch在这里表示“售得”，符合语境，即表示意大利有经验的乐师制作的小提琴可以售得很多钱.35.A 解析：考查交际用语.A项意为“看到不祥之兆”；B项意为“我非常冷静”；C项意为“可靠的信息来源”；D项意为“很难取悦于所有人”.根据语境可知，A项正确，句意：——如果你不改进自己的工作，你会被解雇的.——我知道，因为我能看到不祥之兆.完形填空【文章大意】这是一篇记叙文.文章讲述了一个很坚强的孩子的故事.这个孩子和他爷爷在地下室玩耍时，被一条狗咬伤了，而且伤得很严重.但是她在医院里却去安慰她很紧张的父母.告诉他们马上一切都会好起来的.作者用这个故事告诉读者，身处逆境、遇到挫折时必须要保持积极乐观的态度.36.D 解析：考查名词.personality意为“个性；人格”，符合题意.句意：我可能会丢了（正常的）脸（根据下文可知，他脸被毁容了），但是我不能失去人格.37.C 解析：考查名词.根据后半句中的“accident”以及下文介绍他受伤的经过可知，C 项正确，即在急诊室里.38.A 解析：考查名词.根据下文51小题后面的“basement”可知，选A项.句意：他们当时在地下室闲逛.39.B 解析：考查名词.take a flying move at即一条狗飞快地冲向Gracie.40.C 解析：考查非谓语动词.sunk是sink的过去分词，意为“陷入”，符合语境，即牙齿咬进了Gracie的脸上的肉里.Teeth sunk into Gracie's face为独立主格结构.41.B 解析：考查动词.contain在这里意为“遏制；控制”，符合语境.句意：即狗的主人过来控制住了它.42.D 解析：考查形容词.A项意为“厌恶的”；B项意为“坚定的；毅然的”；C项意为“立即的；即食的”；D项意为“犹豫的”.根据后半句“but agreed because Atticus was well mannered and patient with children”可知，D项正确，即开始时Kaighn对收容那条狗在他家是表示犹豫的，但是后来发现那条狗脾气很好.43.D 解析：考查连词.与破折号前面句子连起来便是“Atticus was well mannered and patient with children until suddenly he wasn't.”句意：这条狗一直表现很好，对待孩子也很有耐心，直到（until）咬人这件事发生之前都是这样.44.A 解析：考查形容词.根据上下文内容可知，那个孩子虽然被咬得很严重，但是她却很勇敢，反而安慰她父母不要担心.因此选A.brave(勇敢)45.B 解析：考查动词.根据上下文内容可知，孩子看到父母很焦虑的样子，她去安慰他们不要担心，一切都会好起来的.故选fort(安慰).46.D 解析：考查连词.由“the wounds to her face 47 missed her eye and herear.”可推知，前后句子为转折关系，故选D.47.C 解析：考查副词.narrowly意为“勉强地”，与后面的missed连起来“narrowlymissed”意为“勉强错过”，即伤口刚刚好错过眼睛，没把眼睛咬伤.48.B 解析：考查动词短语.B项意为“极度悲伤”，符合语境，即孩子的老师听到这个孩子被咬伤的消息后，难过了几天.A项意为“崩溃”；C项意为“混合”；D项意为“推上去；提高”.49.D 解析：考查名词.老师说的话的大意是，这是一个随遇而安、善良的女孩，她是班级涵养的象征（symbol）.故D项正确.A项意为“信号”；B项意为“雕塑”；C项意为“迹象”.50.A 解析：考查动词.Touch在这里的意思是“触动；打动”，符合语境.句意：她的坚强不仅触动了老师，同样触动了很多其他人.。

江苏省高考2018年高三招生考试20套模拟测试 英语试题十 含解析

江苏省高考2018年高三招生考试20套模拟测试 英语试题十 含解析

江苏省普通高等学校招生考试高三模拟测试卷(十) 英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分.满分120分，考试时间120分钟.第Ⅰ卷(选择题共85分)第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置.听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍.()1. What will the man do?A. Go to the office.B. See his boss off.C. Stay at home.()2. What does the woman mean?A. The man should buy a typewriter.B. The man can have her typewriter.C. She wants to borrow a typewriter.()3. What was the weather like yesterday?A. Cloudy.B. Rainy.C. Sunny.()4. Why does Mary ignore the man according to the woman speaker?A. She isn't fond of him.B. She is still angry with him.C. She is having trouble with work.()5. Where does the conversation probably take place?A. At the airport.B. In the cafeteria.C. At the hotel.第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置.听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍.听第6段材料，回答第6至8题.()6. Where are the two speakers?A. In a store.B. In a bakery.C. On a farm.()7. What has the woman bought in the end?A. Bananas and oranges.B. Oranges and mooncakes.C. Bananas and mooncakes.()8. How much change should the man give the woman?A. 3 yuan.B. 7 yuan.C. 10 yuan.听第7段材料，回答第9至11题.()9. What makes the woman look terrible?A. The busy preparation for the test.B. The less time for her part－time job.C. The bad result of the examination.()10. What is the man trying to persuade the woman to do?A. To take the examination tomorrow.B. To give up the idea of dropping out.C. To quit the present part－time job.()11. Why does the woman have to do the part－time job?A. Because her mother is out of work now.B. Because her father is between jobs now.C. Because she wants to gain work experience.听第8段材料，回答第12至14题.()12. What job is the woman applying for?A. Pilot.B. Air hostess.C. Nurse.()13. Which is unnecessary for the job?A. A little English.B. Good health.C. Flying experience.()14. Where is the woman working?A. In a travel agency.B. In a hospital.C. On a plane.听第9段材料，回答第15至17题.()15. Why does the woman choose to run in the gym?A. It is cold outside.B. She has a cold.C. She needs guidance.()16. What does the man like doing?A. Buying gym clothes.B. Drinking beer.C. Taking a lift.()17. How does the woman feel about the man's lifting weights?A. Surprised.B. Ashamed.C. Relieved.听第10段材料，回答第18至20题.()18. What is the speaker mainly talking about?A. House rules for lazy kids.B. Ways of making kids creative.C. Kids' health and intellectual development.()19. What should parents encourage their kids to do?A. Read more books.B. Keep the house tidy.C. Take a short break.()20. Why does the speaker suggest limiting the amount of TV and video games?A. To make kids finish their homework ahead of time.B. To keep kids away from the violent programming.C. To make kids participate in more active activities.第二部分：英语基础知识运用(共两节，满分35分)第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.()21. Frankly speaking, I always regard you as my best friend, ________ I place entire trust.A. whoB. thatC. on whomD. in whom()22. — Why do you think the music is used?—To ________ the plot, not simply to keep the toes tapping.A. loseB. discoverC. forwardD. construct()23. A worldwide ________ to healthier diets is one of many actions that need to be taken to avoid dangerous climate change.A. shiftB. admissionC. witnessD. response()24. It is said that the project will cost $580 million, half coming from investors, the rest ________．A. to borrowB. to be borrowedC. borrowingD. being borrowed()25. — I'm sorry, Dad. I guess the job is not for me.—All right. ________A. Suit yourself.B. Help yourself.C. Bless you!D. See you!()26. After investigation, the police found out one clue ________ voices were heard calling for help from some very distant place that day.A. whereB. whenC. thatD. whose()27. When we seek to discover the best in others, we somehow ________ the best in ourselves.A. bring outB. take outC. put onD. turn on()28. —You need to be fully ________ to the danger of leaving your belongings unattended while traveling alone.—Thanks for reminding me!A. devotedB. allergicC. exposedD. awake()29. Traditional exercises like sit－ups, press－ups and pull－ups are great for strengthening the body, ________ you do them properly.A. sinceB. unlessC. providingD. considering()30. Beijing has set the city's population ________ at 23 million by 2020 due to water scarcity and big city diseases such as traffic jam.A. budgetB. ceilingC. explosionD. standard()31. ________ good books, the point is not to see how many of them you can get through, but rather how many can get through to you.A. In the event ofB. In the case ofC. On account ofD. On top of()32. James ________ so far behind in the race that he knew he had little chance of winning.A. fellB. fallsC. has fallenD. was falling()33. I ________ that the experience I was heading for was anything but boring, had I read the brochure carefully.A. realizedB. had realizedC. would realizeD. would have realized()34. He really wanted a bigger pay raise but decided to ________ what they offered.A. stand forB. allow forC. answer forD. settle for()35. — Since we've got the manager's approval, why don't we start?—All right, let's ________．A. cry for the moonB. hang in thereC. get the ball rollingD. call a spade a spade第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.I was going through my son Matthew's backpack when I saw an envelope in the bottom of it. Immediately, I knew it was a “thank you”card from one of his __36__. Totally not necessary since my Christmas gifts to them are my way of saying, “Thank you”. I __37__ I read it quickly. And then I stopped.I __38__ the card and read it again. One word caught my attention. “I love working with our Matthew.”One word. Our. That one word __39__ the meaning of the sentence for me. If she had written “I love working with Matthew”，I would know that she loves working with my son.__40__ by adding that one word, “our”，it meant “I love working with this boy who __41__ here, is accepted here and we all take responsibility in caring for.”I __42__ knew this of course, see a blog I wrote previously, but it's always good to be __43__. In that blog post I mentioned ten reasons why his __44__ is the right place for him. Since that blog we have had his IEP (Individualized Education Program) meeting, where I was __45__ of that feeling again. In that meeting, someone __46__ “Everyone loves Matthew. We all love Matthew.”And it was genuine and __47__. As we went around the room and the staff __48__ us on information about Matthew, it was apparent it went way beyond sharing what he is doing __49__ and behaviorally. Each person had a unique little __50__ to tell about Matthew. Stories that show that they really know who Matthew is and that they __51__ him.In fact just today I had written a note in his communication book that it was __52__ Matthew to see new snow and not be able to play in it. Later in the day I got an e－mail and a picture of Matthew __53__ with snow in a big container inside the school.As I was reflecting on this, I realized that as a family we are really lucky __54__ school isn't the only place where they think of him as “our Matthew”. It __55__ to other parts of our lives as well—our friends, our family, our neighborhood, and our church.()36. A. classmates B. friends C. teachers D. doctors()37. A. realize B. admit C. imagine D. predict()38. A. opened up B. tore up C. put away D. gave away()39. A. simplified B. changed C. determined D. created()40. A. Or B. And C. So D. But()41. A. stays B. lives C. belongs D. remains()42. A. already B. also C. even D. still()43. A. reached B. accepted C. adored D. reminded()44. A. school B. book C. home D. room()45. A. informed B. assured C. suspected D. cured()46. A. commented B. insisted C. guaranteed D. recalled()47. A. formal B. casual C. sincere D. severe()48. A. advised B. judged C. updated D. congratulated()49. A. accurately B. academically C. steadily D. securely()50. A. secret B. lie C. joke D. story()51. A. get B. greet C. envy D. embarrass()52. A. calming B. inducing C. killing D. inspiring()53. A. meeting B. playing C. fighting D. dealing()54. A. until B. unless C. though D. because()55. A. flies B. extends C. applies D. switches第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.AIt might sound unbelievable that two kids under the age of ten would choose to hang out at a hotel instead of going to Disney World, just minutes away, but that's exactly what happened when we visited the new Four Seasons Resort Orlando at Walt Disney World Resort last month. What kind of a hotel makes kids forget about Disney World?Check In: As I was signing the necessary paperwork at the front desk, my kids were taken away by Wayne, the receptionist, to a large interactive map of the resort in the entrance hall. Wayne used the touch screen to show the kids the entire resort and talked about all of the fun things to do, like the kid's club, the waterslides, and the game room. I've never seen so much attention paid to the kids at check－in — such a cool touch.The Room: Not only were there kid－sized robes in the room, there were play things, NatGeo Kids magazines, chocolate lollypops, and milk chilling in the refrigerator. Plus, the room was designed from a family perspective. The sinks and shower settings were easily reachable, and the king bed and very comfortable sofa pull－out could easily fit a family of four, if not five. Wehad plenty of room.The Pools: There's a large shallow infinity pool. There's a meandering lazy river. There's a water park. There's an area for pool volleyball and basketball. And there are two very fun waterslides. We spent many hours roaming among them all, and just hanging out in a private teepee－shaped cabana next to the waterslides. So fun!No Surcharges: There's no resort fee. If you want to use one of the cool cabanas around the pools, it's included. For the kids club, you can use it as much or as little as you want to and the Hideout game room has a lot of activities, like pinball, at no cost. We took advantage of pretty much everything around the hotel except for the spa, and our final bill only showed our room charges, taxes, and meals. And if my kids were still under five, their meals would have been free.()56. The passage is written by the author mainly to ________．A. advertise a hotel at Walt Disney World ResortB. introduce the good service Walt Disney providesC. recall the experience that they once had in a hotelD. share information about a hotel near Disney World()57. Customers don't need to pay for ________ when they stay in the hotel.A. cool cabanasB. roomsC. the spaD. taxes()58. What can we learn from the passage?A. The hotel isn't an ideal choice for a family of more than four.B. The two kids of the author should have been over five years old.C. The author spent hours playing pool volleyball and basketball.D. The receptionist showed children around Disney World Resort.BMore than 100 million people in Nigeria are not connected to the Internet. There are only a few networks that offer service and it is costly and undependable. Now, a new project provides a resource for offline viewing at no cost.A non－profit organization called The WiderNet Project has developed the offline eGranary Digital Library. The service puts millions of digital documents, multimedia work and websites onto a server. The information is then available to students, medical workers, and researchers at no cost, whether there is Internet or not.Users can access informative websites that eGranary updates every day such as Wikipedia, Khan Academy, Project Gutenberg, MIT OpenCourseWare, and MIT BLOSSOMS (which is Math and Science video lessons for high school students). Other resources on the service include university and medical publications, computer software, and educational games.Ahmadu Bello University, the largest university in Nigeria and the second largest in Africa, uses eGranary's digital educational resources. Kasa Mathias, head of the school's database department, says students can access tens of thousands of educational materials without much problem.“We give them background information on the available databases that they can use for their research work, their assignments, especially projects, and sometimes we will carry them through sensitizing(激活) on new databases that are available for them.”Ibitoye Idowu, a first－year student of archeology, says easy access to university reading material, documents and journals has greatly helped his studying process, and that in some cases, he understands the digital materials better than class lectures.Students now have great reading material, but only when there is electric power. It often fails. Student Ibitoye Idowu says those moments are difficult.Muhammed Mu'azu who leads the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department says the university has spent a large amount of money on access to information, which is available for 40，000 students and teachers.“With or without Internet access students and staff have most of these educational database and university has also invested a lot in Internet access so even for online materials they are readily available for staff and students anywhere you are in the university campus.”There are fears that students may waste time on social media networks like Facebook and Twitter instead of spending it on school work. Professor Mu'azu says the university needs to be careful about placing restrictions on usage. But he says it will investigate what a user is accessing if a large amount of bandwidth is used.Muhammed Mu'azu compares the speed of the offline service to access over the Internet. The eGranary server can download hundreds of pages in less than 15 minutes. In the past, a 10－page document would take hours to download.WiderNet says it aims to expand to thousands more education and health centers around theworld.()59. The eGranary Digital Library is mainly intended for ________．A. poor people in NigeriaB. Ahmadu Bello UniversityC. teachers and staff of a universityD. people who can't access the Internet()60. The underlined word “them” in Paragraph 5 probably refers to ________．A. educational materialsB. available databasesC. assignments and projectsD. university students()61. Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A. Offline eGranary Digital Library is available to over 100 million people in Nigeria now.B. A university needs to pay for the service of eGranary Digital Library to offer it to students.C. The power supply becomes the main challenge students face when using offline project.D. Education and health centers in the world will all use eGranary's digital educational resources.CScientists have known for decades that having measles(麻疹) suppresses kids' immune systems for several weeks or months, leaving them ill－equipped to fight off pneumonia, bronchitis and other infections.Now a team of researchers has suggested that the measles virus may also leave a longer－lasting sort of “immune－amnesia” that makes it harder for people to stave_off other illnesses for two years or more.That re－emphasizes the importance of vaccination(疫苗), said biologist Michael Mina, lead author of a paper that was published in the journal Science.“There may be a long－lasting impact that you can't undo if your child gets measles，”he said. “I hope this study can impress upon people the danger measles poses.”The researchers used what Mina called “an unconventional approach”to search for the long －lasting immune system effects. Previous work in monkeys suggested that monkeys with the disease lost white blood cells their bodies had trained to fight off other illnesses, leaving them more likely to be infected.To test if a similar thing may occur in humans, the group mined historical data to find out the relationship between measles incidence(发病率) and deaths from other infectious diseases.They turned to data from England and Wales —developed nations where disease levels are generally low, allowing a less－confused view of measles' effects. Studying measles incidence and deaths from infectious disease both before and after the introduction of the measles vaccine in the U．K. in the 1960s, Mina and the team saw a sort of shadow effect, where deaths from a variety of non－measles infectious diseases closely tracked measles incidence. The more measles in a population, the more deaths from other illnesses in the 28－month period that followed.“Really it didn't matter what age group, what decade or what country，”said Mina. “They all showed consistent results... what we're suggesting happens over the long term is that your immune system works fine, but it has forgotten what it previously learned.”Some researchers who were not involved in the work questioned whether the reductions in deaths as measles cases declined may have had more to do with improving nutrition and smaller family size than with prolonged immune suppression.Others thought the paper's opinion of years－long suppression was seemingly reasonable but said they could not comment on the mathematical models the group used.To know for certain what was behind the effect the group saw, Mina agreed, scientists would need to look at immune cells and observe their behavior. He said he would like to push the work in a more traditional direction: back into the laboratory.()62. Why did Mina call their research method “an unconventional approach”？A. Their research was based on the historical data.B. Their research compared monkeys with humans.C. They only paid attention to developed nations.D. They discovered a sort of shadow effect.()63. According to Mina, what is the significance of their research?A. They warned people that measles can result in other infectious diseases.B. They carried out the research on measles in an unconventional approach.C. They showed how dangerous measles is and the importance of vaccination.D. They found out the disease levels are generally low in developed nations.()64. The u nderlined phrase “stave off” in Paragraph 2 is closest in meaning to ________．A. keep awayB. survive fromC. search forD. turn down()65. Which of the following may be the best title of the passage?A. Measles Has Been the Origin of Other Diseases and DeathsB. New Research Conducted Into Measles Has Been Widely QuestionedC. Study Points to Years－Long Immune System Misfortunes From MeaslesD. Damage Caused by Measles to the Immune System Could Last Several WeeksDSvetlana Alexandrovna Alexievich, born on 31 May 1948, is a Belarusian investigative journalist and non－fiction prose writer, writing in Russian. She was awarded the 2015 Nobel Prize in Literature “for her polyphonic writings, a monument to suffering and courage in our time”. She is the first writer from Belarus to receive the award.Alexievich grew up in Belarus. After finishing school she worked as a reporter in several local newspapers before graduating from Belarusian State University and becoming a journalist for the literary magazine Neman in Minsk.She went on to a career in journalism and writing narratives from interviews with witnesses to the most dramatic events in the country, such as World War Ⅱ，the Soviet－Afghan War, the fall of the Soviet Union, and the Chernobyl disaster. After political persecution(迫害) by the Lukashenko administration, she left Belarus in 2000. The International Cities of Refuge Network offered her shelter and during the following decade she lived in Paris, Gothenburg and Berlin. In 2011, Alexievich moved back to Minsk.According to Russian writer and critic Dmitry Bykov, her books owe much to the ideas of Belarusian writer Ales Adamovich, who felt that the best way to describe the horrors of the 20th century was not by creating fiction but through recording the evidence of witnesses. Belarusian poet Uladzimir Nyaklyayew called Adamovich “her literary godfather”. He also named the documentary novel I'm from the Burned Village by Ales Adamovich, Janka Bryl and Uladzimir Kalesnik, about the villages burned by the Nazi troops during the occupation of Belarus, as the main single book that has influenced Alexievich's attitude to literature. Alexievich admitted the influence of Adamovich and added, among others, Belarusian writer Vasil Bykaǔas another source of impact on her. Her most notable works in English translation include a collection of first －hand accounts from the war in Afghanistan(Zinky Boys: Soviet V oices from a Forgotten War) and a highly praised oral history of the Chernobyl disaster (V oices from Chernobyl)．Alexievich describes the theme of her works this way: If you look back at the whole of our history, both Soviet and post－Soviet, it is a huge common grave and a blood bath. An eternal dialogue of the executioners and the victims. The accursed Russian questions: what is to be done and who is to blame. The revolution, the gulags, the Second World War, the Soviet－Afghan war hidden from the people, the downfall of the great empire, the downfall of the giant socialist land, the land－utopia, and now a challenge of cosmic dimensions —Chernobyl. This is a challenge for all the living things on earth. Such is our history. And this is the theme of my books, this is my path, my circles of hell, from man to man.Her first book, War's Unwomanly Face, came out in 1985. It was repeatedly reprinted and sold more than two million copies. The book was finished in 1983 and published (in short edition) in Oktyabr, a Soviet monthly literary magazine, in February 1984. In 1985, the book was published by several publishers, and the number of printed copies reached 2，000，000 in the next five years. This novel is made up of monologues(独白) of women in the war speaking about the aspects of World War Ⅱ that had never been related before. Another book, The Last Witnesses: the Book of Unchildlike Stories, describes personal memories of children during war time. The war seen through women's and children's eyes revealed a new world of feelings. In 1993, she published Enchanted with Death, a book about attempted and completed suicides due to the downfall of the Soviet Union. Many people felt inseparable from the Communist ideology and unable to accept the new order surely and the newly interpreted history.Her books were not published by Belarusian state－owned publishing houses after 1993, while private publishers in Belarus have only published two of her books: V oices from Chernobyl in 1999 and Second－hand Time in 2013, both translated into Belarusian. As a result, Alexievich has been better known in the rest of world than in Belarus.()66. According to the passage, Alexievich was able to win the 2015 Nobel Prize in Literature mainly because ________．A. she is superior to other writers in literatureB. she is the greatest journalist all over the worldC. she witnessed the most dramatic events in BelarusD. her works reflected the suffering and courage in her time()67. Who played a significant role in Alexievich's literary world?A. Ales Adamovich and Vasil Bykaǔ.B. Dmitry Bykov and Ales Adamovich.C. Uladzimir Kalesnik and Janka Bryl.D. Vasil Bykaǔ and Uladzimir Nyaklyayew.()68. Which of the following is TRUE about Alexievich's first book?A. It was not until 5 years later that the book was well received.B. It is written from the viewpoint of women and children involved in the war.C. It was first published by Belarusian state－owned publishing houses in 1984.D. It reveals something unknown about World War Ⅱto the public.()69. What can we know from the theme of Alexievich's works?A. She discusses who is to blame for the wars in her works.B. She takes a practical view of the future for her motherland.C. Her works show sorrow and sympathy for war victims and her country.D. Her works merely focused on the disasters the Belarusian experienced.()70. What can be inferred from the passage?A. Some people were dependent on the Soviet Union with affection.B. Women and children are the main characters of Alexievich's works.C. Voices from Chernobyl published in 1999 was written in Belarusian.D. Alexievich has been highly respected by the Lukashenko administration.第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共35分)第四部分：任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词.注意：每个空格只填1个单词.Glad to Be GreyThe recession(经济衰退) of 2008—09 was remarkable in rich countries for its intensity, the subsequent recovery for its weakness. The labour market has also broken the rules, as new research from the OECD, shows in its annual Employment Outlook.Young people always suffer in recessions. Employers stop hiring them; and they often get rid of new employees because they are easier to sack. But in previous periods, such as the recessions of the 1970s, 1980s and 1990s, older workers were also dismissed. This time is different. During the financial crisis in 2008, and since, they have done better than other age groups.The researchers focus on movements in “non－employment”as a share of the total population in three age groups between the final quarters of 2007 and 2012. This measure has the advantage of including not just unemployment, where people are looking for work, but also inactivity, where people are not seeking jobs. Whereas the average non－employment rate in the OECD has risen by four percentage points among young people and by one－and－a－half points among 25－to 54－year－olds, it has fallen by two points among the 55－64 age group.Why have older employees done so well? In some southern European countries they benefit from job protection not afforded to younger workers, but that did not really help them in past recessions. What has changed, says Stefano Scarpetta, head of the OECD's employment directorate, is that firms now bear the full costs of getting rid of older staff. In the past early－retirement schemes provided by governments (in the mistaken belief that these would help young people) made it cheaper to push grey－haired workers out of the door. These have largely stopped.Job losses among older workers have also been balanced by falls in inactivity, reflecting employment pressure that were already apparent before the crisis. Older workers are healthier than they used to be and work is less physically demanding. They are also more attractive to employers than former generations.Today's 55－to 64－year－olds are the advance group of the post－war baby－boomers who benefited from better education than their predecessors. Older workers now have a stronger motivation to stay in employment because of the impact of the crisis on wealth.Many will argue that older workers have done better at the expense of the young. That view is wrongheaded. First, it is a mistaken belief that a job gained for one person is a job lost for another; there is no fixed “lump of labour”. And second, as the report shows; young and old people are by and large not substitutes in the workplace. They do different types of work in different types of occupation: younger people are attracted to IT firms, for example, whereas older folk tend to be employed in more traditional industries. There are plenty of things that should be done to help the young jobless, but shunting older workers out of the workplace is not one of them.。

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏省)模拟试卷八套附加题

2018年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏省)模拟试卷八套附加题

2018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏省)模拟试卷(六) 数学附加分
(满分 40 分，考试时间 30 分钟)
21. 【选做题】 从 A，B，C，D 四题中选做 2 题，每小题 10 分，共 20 分．若多做， 则按作答的前两题评分．解答时应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．
A. (选修 4-1：几何证明选讲) 如图，圆 O 为四边形 ABCD 的外接圆，且 AB＝AD，E 是 CB 延长线上一点，直线 EA 与圆 O 相切．求证：CD＝AB.
C. (选修 4-4：坐标系与参数方程) 已知极坐标系中的曲线ρcos2θ＝sin θ与曲线ρsin(θ＋π)＝ 2交于 A，B 两点，求线段
4 AB 的长．
D. (选修 4-5：不等式选讲) 已知 a，b，c 都是正数，求证：a2b2＋b2c2＋c2a2≥abc.
a＋b＋c
【必做题】第 22 题、第 23 题，每小题 10 分，共 20 分．解答时应写出必要的文字说明、 证明过程或演算步骤．
AB BE
B. (选修 4-2：矩阵与变换) 12 58
若二阶矩阵 M 满足：M 3 4 ＝ 4 6 .曲线 C：x2＋2xy＋2y2＝1 在矩阵 M 所对应的变 换作用下得到曲线 C′，求曲线 C′的方程．
C. (选修 4-4：坐标系与参数方程)
x＝－1－4t， 5
在平面直角坐标系 xOy 中，已知直线 l 的参数方程为 y＝1＋3t 5
2018 年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(江苏省)模拟试卷(四) 数学附加分
(满分 40 分，考试时间 30 分钟)
21. 【选做题】 从 A，B，C，D 四题中选做 2 题，每小题 10 分，共 20 分．若多做， 则按作答的前两题评分．解答时应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．

江苏省普通高等学校2018年高三招生考试20套模拟测试附加题数学试题(十二)

江苏省普通高等学校2018年高三招生考试20套模拟测试附加题数学试题(十二)

江苏省普通高等学校招生考试高三模拟测试卷(十二)数学附加分(满分40分，考试时间30分钟)21. 【选做题】 在A ，B ，C ，D 四小题中只能选做2题，每小题10分，共20分．若多做，则按作答的前两题计分．解答时应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．A. (选修41：几何证明选讲)如图，已知AB 是圆O 的直径，P 是上半圆上的任意一点，PC 是∠APB 的平分线，E 是AB ︵的中点．求证：直线PC 经过点E.B. (选修42：矩阵与变换)已知实数a ，b ，矩阵A ＝⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤－1 a b 3对应的变换将直线x －y －1＝0变换为自身，求a ，b 的值．C. (选修44：坐标系与参数方程)在极坐标系中，求圆ρ＝2cos θ的圆心到直线2ρsin ⎝⎛⎭⎫θ＋π3＝1的距离．D. (选修45：不等式选讲)已知a＞0，b＞0，求证：(a2＋b2＋ab)(ab2＋a2b＋1)≥9a2b2.【必做题】第22，23题，每小题10分，共20分．解答时应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．22. 在四棱锥PABCD中，PA⊥底面ABCD，AD⊥AB，AB∥DC，AD＝DC＝AP＝2，AB＝1，E是棱PC的中点．(1) 求直线BE与平面PBD所成角的正弦值；(2) 若F为棱PC上一点，满足BF⊥AC，求二面角FABP的正弦值．23. 已知函数f1(x)＝x2＋48，对任意正整数n，有f n＋1(x)＝x2＋6f n（x），求方程f n(x)＝2x的所有解．(十二)(镇江市2017年高三年级期末调研测试卷)21. A. 证明：连结AE ，EB ，OE ， 由题意知∠AOE ＝∠BOE ＝90°.(2分)因为∠APE 是圆周角，∠AOE 是同弧上的圆心角，所以∠APE ＝12∠AOE ＝45°.(4分) 同理可得∠BPE ＝12∠BOE ＝45°，(6分) 所以PE 是∠APB 的平分线，(8分)又PC 是∠APB 的平分线，所以PC 与PE 重合，所以直线PC 经过点E.(10分)B. 解：设直线x －y －1＝0上任意一点P(x ，y)在变换T A 的作用下变成点P′(x′，y ′)，由⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤－1 a b 3⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤x y ＝⎣⎢⎡⎦⎥⎤x′y′，得⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x′＝－x ＋ay ，y ′＝bx ＋3y.(2分) 因为P′(x′，y ′)在直线x －y －1＝0上，所以x′－y′－1＝0，即(－1－b)x ＋(a －3)y －1＝0，(4分)因为P(x ，y)在直线x －y －1＝0上，所以x －y －1＝0.(6分)因此⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧－1－b ＝1，a －3＝－1，(8分) 解得a ＝2，b ＝－2.(10分)C. 解：圆ρ＝2cos θ的直角坐标方程为x 2＋y 2＝2x ，(2分)即(x －1)2＋y 2＝1，圆心为(1，0)；(4分)直线2ρsin ⎝⎛⎭⎫θ＋π3＝1的直角坐标方程为2(12y ＋32x)＝1，(6分) 即3x ＋y －1＝0.(8分)故圆心到直线的距离为d ＝|3－1|2＝3－12.(10分) D. 证明：因为a ＞0，b ＞0，由均值不等式知a 2＋b 2＋ab ≥33a 3b 3＝3ab ，(4分)ab 2＋a 2b ＋1≥33a 3b 3＝3ab ，(8分)两式相乘可得(a 2＋b 2＋ab)(ab 2＋a 2b ＋1)≥9a 2b 2.(10分)22. 解：(1) 以{AB →，AD →，AP →}为正交基底建立空间直角坐标系Axyz ，可得B(1，0，0)，C(2，2，0)，D(0，2，0)，P(0，0，2)．由E 为棱PC 中点，得E(1，1，1)，故BE →＝(0，1，1)，BD →＝(－1，2，0)，PB →＝(1，0，－2)．(1分)设n ＝(x ，y ，z)为平面PBD 的法向量，则n ⊥BD →，n ⊥PB →，即⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧－x ＋2y ＝0，x －2z ＝0. 不妨令y ＝1，可得n ＝(2，1，1)为平面PBD 的法向量，(3分)于是cos 〈n ，BE →〉＝n ·BE →|n||BE →|＝26×2＝33.(4分) 所以直线BE 与平面PBD 所成角的正弦值为33.(5分) (2) BC →＝(1，2，0)，CP →＝(－2，－2，2)，AC →＝(2，2，0)，AB →＝(1，0，0)．由点F 在棱PC 上，设CF →＝λCP →，0≤λ≤1，故BF →＝BC →＋CF →＝BC →＋λCP →＝(1－2λ，2－2λ，2λ)．由BF ⊥AC ，得BF →·AC →＝0，因此2(1－2λ)＋2(2－2λ)＝0，解得λ＝34，(7分) 即BF →＝⎝⎛⎭⎫－12，12，32. 设n 1＝(x ，y ，z)为平面FAB 的法向量，则n 1·AB →＝0，n 1·BF →＝0，即⎩⎪⎨⎪⎧x ＝0，－12x ＋12y ＋32z ＝0， 不妨令z ＝1，可得n 1＝(0，－3，1)为平面FAB 的方向向量．(8分)取平面ABP 法向量n 2＝(0，1，0)，则cos 〈n 1，n 2〉＝n 1·n 2|n 1||n 2|＝－31010，(9分) 即sin 〈n 1，n 2〉＝1010. 故二面角FABP 的正弦值为1010.(10分) 23. 解：① 当n ＝1时，x 2＋48＝2x ＞0，解得x 2＝16.(2分)又x ＞0，故x ＝4是方程的解；② 假设x ＝4是f k (x)＝2x 的解，即f k (4)＝8，则n ＝k ＋1时，f k ＋1(4)＝42＋6f k （4）＝8＝2×4.综合①②可知x ＝4是f k ＋1(x)＝2x 的解；(4分)另一方面，当n ＝1时，y ＝f 1（x ）x ＝x 2＋48x 2＝1＋48x2在(0，＋∞)上单调递减；(6分)假设n ＝k 时，y ＝f k （x ）x在(0，＋∞)上单调递减， 则n ＝k ＋1时，y ＝f k ＋1（x ）x ＝x 2＋6f k （x ）x 2＝1＋6·f k （x ）x 2＝1＋6·f k （x ）x ·1x在(0，＋∞)上单调递减，故n ＝k ＋1时，y ＝f n ＋1（x ）x在(0，＋∞)上单调递减，(8分) 所以y ＝f n （x ）x 在(0，＋∞)上单调递减，则f n （x ）x＝2在(0，＋∞)上至多一解． 综上，x ＝4是f n (x)＝2x 的唯一解．(10分)。

江苏省高考2018年高三招生考试20套模拟测试 英语试题十二 含解析

江苏省高考2018年高三招生考试20套模拟测试 英语试题十二 含解析

江苏省普通高等学校招生考试高三模拟测试卷(十二) 英语本试卷分第Ⅰ卷(选择题)和第Ⅱ卷(非选择题)两部分.满分120分，考试时间120分钟.第Ⅰ卷(选择题共85分)第一部分：听力(共两节，满分20分)第一节(共5小题；每小题1分，满分5分)听下面5段对话.每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置.听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题.每段对话仅读一遍.()1. How will the woman go to the hotel?A. By bus.B. By taxi.C. By plane.()2. What does the woman think of McDonald's?A. She hates the food.B. It is too expensive.C. It is too noisy.()3. What does the woman ask the man to do?A. Eat out.B. Get her some food.C. Make a call.()4. What will the weather be like as forecasted?A. It will be sunny.B. It will be rainy.C. It will be cold.()5. Why does the woman think her apartment is beautiful?A. She can see the park.B. Her apartment is big and great.C. There is a parking area.第二节(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)听下面5段对话或独白.每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置.听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题给出5秒钟的作答时间.每段对话或独白读两遍.听第6段材料，回答第6、7题.()6. Who put the key in the kitchen?A. The man's mother.B. The woman.C. Harry.()7. Where does the man need to go?A. To a supermarket.B. To his office.C. To his home.听第7段材料，回答第8、9题.()8. What kind of person is Stan?A. He's always ready to help others.B. He never makes a special effort to help others.C. He's unwilling to do extra work.()9. What will the man probably do?A. Ask the woman more questions.B. Ask the woman to look for Stan.C. Give Stan a call.听第8段材料，回答第10至12题.()10. Where will the speakers put the ads?A. On the Internet.B. In a magazine.C. On TV.()11. When will the ads be posted?A. From Monday to Friday.B. On Saturdays and Sundays.C. From Friday through Monday.()12. What does the man think of the woman's idea?A. It's ridiculous.B. It's excellent.C. It needs to be improved.听第9段材料，回答第13至16题.()13. How many meals can one have each day on Meal Plan 1?A. 3.B. 2.C. 1.()14. Why does Mark want to give up Meal Plan 1?A. He wants to cook by himself.B. He will move to another school.C. He doesn't want to waste money.()15. When does the conversation take place?A. In the first week of the semester.B. In the middle of the semester.C. At the end of the semester.()16. What will the woman do?A. Give the refund to Mark.B. Ask for Mark's parents' opinion.C. Give part of the money back to Mark's parents.听第10段材料，回答第17至20题.()17. What is the weather like in the southeast of the country?A. Rainy.B. Sunny.C. Dry.()18. What will the highest temperature be in the north?A. 26℃.B. 23℃.C. 20℃.()19. In which part are the temperatures around about average for the season during the day?A. The north.B. The south.C. The southeast.()20. What will the weather be like in the north tomorrow?A. Sunny.B. Rainy.C. Foggy.第二部分：英语基础知识运用(共两节，满分35分)第一节：单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)请认真阅读下面各题，从题中所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.()21. Despite the excellent work and deep ________ of our nation's teachers and principals, students in high－poverty, high－minority schools are unfairly treated across our country.A. commitmentB. adjustmentC. commentD. compromise()22. — Why don't we save ourselves the trouble and use the stairs, Steven?—Come on! Man invented the lift so that we don't have to act like cavemen.—OK, Steven, if you ________ insist on being lazy.A. canB. shouldC. shallD. must()23. These measures include better administration of areas that are likely to turn into desert, and ________ people in how to use water without wasting it.A. trainB. to trainC. trainingD. trained()24. Although the conclusion that Americans have no history while Chinese have no future sounds ________，it has raised a thought－provoking question.A. artificialB. arbitraryC. allergicD. reluctant()25. I hope Jack's health ________ greatly by the time we go back to school next month.A. improvesB. improvedC. will be improvingD. will have improved()26. The young man waited in the park and after ________ seemed half an hour the girl finally came.A. thatB. itC. whichD. what()27. When she first arrived in China, she wondered what the future might have ________ for her, but now all worries are gone.A. in storeB. in timeC. in needD. in preparation()28. Desertification, the name for ________ happens when land ________ can be used to grow crops turns into desert, is a growing world problem.A. which; thatB. what; howC. what; thatD. how; which()29. As the scheduled flight for Stockholm from Helsinki early Thursday was canceled, he had to ________ an airport hotel and will fly to Stockholm later Thursday if weather allows.A. burst intoB. check intoC. bump intoD. bring into()30. All the preparations for the task ________，and we're ready to start.A. completedB. completeC. had been completedD. have been completed()31. — Good day, Bell Electronics. This is Jane speaking. How may I help you today?—Oh... uh, I ________ Myers Icecream Company. Sorry about that.A. looked forB. am looking forC. was looking forD. have been looking for()32. Over the past few decades, more and more countries have opened up the markets, increasingly ________ the world economy into one free－flowing global market. The question is: Is economic globalization good for all?A. transformingB. transferringC. transportingD. transiting()33. Is this research center ________ you visited the modern equipment last year?A. whichB. the oneC. thatD. the one where()34. ________ “killer robots” can help reduce battlefield death s, they may also make countries more likely to go into battle, which will lead to more deaths.A. WhetherB. WhereC. WhileD. What()35. — Henry, would you be kind enough to lend me some money?—________，and the money you borrowed last week hasn't been returned.A. Out of questionB. Not in a million yearC. I wouldn't say noD. Yes, I suppose so第二节：完形填空(共20小题；每小题1分，满分20分)请认真阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.When you are little, it's not hard to believe you can change the world. I remember my enthusiasm when, at the age of 12, I __36__ representatives at the Rio Earth Summit. “I am only a child，”I told them. “Yet I know that if all the money spent on war was spent on __37__ poverty and finding environment answers, __38__ a wonderful place this would be. In school you teach us not to __39__ others, to work things out, to respect others, to clean up our mess, not to hurt other creatures, to __40__，not to be greedy. Then why do you go out and do the thing you tell us not to do? You grown－ups say you love us, but I __41__ you, please, to make your actions reflect your words.”I spoke for six minutes and received a standing ovation(长时间的喝彩). Some of the representatives __42__ cried. I thought that maybe I had __43__ some of them, that my speech might actually spur(激励) action. Now, a decade from Rio, after I've sat through many more __44__，I'm not sure what has been accomplished. My confidence in the people in power and in the power of an individual's voice to reach them has been deeply __45__．When I was little, the world was simple. But as a young adult, I'm learning that as we have to make __46__—education, career, lifestyle—life gets more and more __47__. We are beginning to feel __48__ to produce and be successful. We are taught that economic growth is __49__，but aren't taught how to __50__ a happy, healthy or sustainable way of living. And we are learning that what we wanted for the future when we were 12 was ideal and __51__．Today I'm no longer a child, but I'm worried about what kind of __52__ my children will grow up in. I know change is __53__，because I am changing, still figuring out what I think. I am still deciding how to live my life. The challenges are great, __54__ if we accept individual responsibility and make sustainable choices, we will rise to the challenges, and we will become part of the __55__ tide of change.()36. A. addressed B. argued C. instructed D. informed()37. A. helping B. ending C. destroying D. changing()38. A. which B. that C. what D. how()39. A. fight with B. compete with C. compare with D. argue with()40. A. gain B. share C. save D. enjoy()41. A. challenge B. respond C. forgive D. force()42. A. even B. ever C. still D. already()43. A. satisfied B. reached C. emphasized D. disturbed()44. A. collisions B. cooperations C. conferences D. conclusions()45. A. waken B. shaken C. chanted D. objected()46. A. money B. friends C. living D. choices()47. A. necessary B. comfortable C. interesting D. complicated()48. A. happiness B. pleased C. pressure D. depression()49. A. in relief B. in peace C. in progress D. in danger()50. A. lead B. ignore C. find D. pursue()51. A. romantic B. beautiful C. innocent D. puzzling()52. A. environment B. house C. land D. condition()53. A. hard B. possible C. flexible D. fragile()54. A. though B. however C. and D. but()55. A. positive B. passive C. important D. independent第三部分：阅读理解(共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分)请认真阅读下列短文，从短文后各题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项.AIf you look at this year's list of big screen releases, you'll see that plenty of delights await the superhero enthusiasts, World of Warcraft players and Harry Potter fans in your life.Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice, March 25It's a frequent topic of debate for comic book fans—who would win if Spiderman fought IronMan or if Hulk had a smack－down with Thor?The new movie is going to realize this fantasy by bringing two iconic superheroes—Batman and Superman—together to fight each other.“Good guys battle good guys not because there's much of a reason, but just because getting two superheroes on your marquee draws double the fans.” The Guardian reported.“Such films can prove to be even more complicated than the typical good－versus－evil plots. Past(Batman movies) dealt with a straight－forward search for justice. This time, Batman's reasoning is clouded by frustration, bitterness and anger.”Ben Affleck, who plays Batman, told French magazine Studio Cine Live.Warcraft: The Beginning, June 10Based on the World of Warcraft video game series, the film tells the story of the initial encounters between humans and ores in the world of Azeroth.It's not surprising that Hollywood wants to adapt this game into a movie franchise. According to theInternational Business Times, World of Warcraft, which was originally released in 2004, was the best－selling PC game in both 2005 and 2006 and has about 7.6 million subscribers now.But despite its built－in audience, Warcraft might not be a hit at the box office. People have “critical presumptions” that “any film based on a video game must by definition be dreadful.” according to Time magazine.Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them, Nov. 18J．K. Rowling once said that she wouldn't consider “revisiting the wizarding world”after Harry Potter unless she had found something she was “really excited about”. This suggests that Fantastic Beasts and Where to find Them, a trilogy of films, is going to be great.Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them was originally the name of a textbook used at the magical school Hogwarts. Rowling decided to develop this book, and its backstory, into a whole new series. The plot is set in New York 70 years before Harry Potter's saga starts. It follows Newt Scamander, a so－called “magizoologist” on his journey to study magical creatures and write a book on them.()56. The Guardian's attitude towards the plot of the first film can be that of ________．A. doubtB. supportC. unconcernD. reservation()57. What can we learn from the last two films?A. Warcraft: The Beginning has about 7.6 million fans now.B. Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them is adapted from a textbook.C. Warcraft: The Beginning probably won't see a good performance in boxing.D. Fantastic Beasts and Where to Find Them isn't part of the film series.()58. Which of the following can be the best title for the passage?A. Big Films for Superhero EnthusiastsB. Big Releases for Fantasy FansC. Comparison of the Superhero FilmsD. Boom of the Film IndustryBMany of us remember being in awe(敬畏) when we saw cloned dinosaurs running wild in the film Jurassic Park. And the idea of using technology to revive(恢复) extinct species has long fascinated not only writers and directors, but scientists as well.According to The Telegraph, woolly mammoths(长毛猛犸象), which featured in the popular Ice Age animated movie series, “may walk the earth once more”now that scientists have taken another step toward realizing a long－held dream—recreating their DNA.Mammoths became extinct around 10，000 years ago. However, since the discovery of near －perfect preserved remains in Arctic permafrost(北极冻土带) in May 2013, a variety of research studies have been carried out since.Geneticists from Harvard University analyzed DNA from the remains, looking for genes which separated mammoths from elephants, such as hairiness and ear size. They then used the results to reproduce exact copies of 14 mammoth genes. “It is the first time that mammoth genes have been alive—although so far it has only been done in the lab，”George Church, lead researcher of the project, told The Sunday Times.Church then used a new technique which allows scientists to edit DNA carefully, replacing sections of elephant DNA with the mammoth genes. So “we now have functioning elephant cells with mammoth DNA in them，”he said.However, Church ruled out the possibility of bringing the mammoths back to life via cloning from frozen remains. He said he “preferred to focus on rebuilding the full mammoth genome(基因组) by analyzing DNA from preserved remains and putting it into the cells of its closest living relative—the Asian elephant，”reported The Telegraph.Church argued that the return of the woolly mammoth—or rather, the return of something very similar—could help bring back fragile(脆弱的) ecosystems. However, some scientists believe that bringing back the mammoth would be unethical．Professor Alex Greenwood, an expert on ancient DNA, said: “We may face the extinction of African and Asian elephants. Why bring back another elephant from extinction when we cannot even keep the ones that are not extinct around？”he told The Sunday Times. “What is the message? We can be as irresponsible with the environment as we want. Then we'll just clone things back？”“Money would be better spent focusing on conserving what we do have than spending it on an animal that has been extinct for thousands of years，”he said.()59. We can learn from the article that ________．A. cloned mammoths followed cloned dinosaurs to get revivedB. the technology to revive mammoth genes is already matureC. George Church and his colleagues tried to reproduce mammoth DNAD. Church and his team managed to list all the genes that separate mammoths from elephants()60. According to Church, what is the significance of his study?A. It could help prevent the extinction of the Asian elephant.B. It could help people better tell elephant DNA from mammoth genes.C. It could help bring back some extinct species and save fragile ecosystems.D. It could help bring mammoths back to life via cloning from frozen remains.()61. The underlined word “unethical” in Paragraph 7 is closest in meaning to ________．A. unacceptableB. misledC. impracticalD. illegal()62. According to the article, Professor Alex Greenwood believes that ________．A. there is no need to worry about the extinction of African and Asian elephants at presentB. it's necessary to bring back species that are beneficial to human beings from extinctionC. the return of the woolly mammoth would help to balance ecosystemsD. it's more important to protect present species than to bring back extinct onesCSome of the world's most significant problems never hit headlines. One example comes from agriculture. Food unrest and hunger make news. But the trend lying behind these matters is rarely talked about. This is the decline in the growth in production of some of the world's major crops. A new study by the University of Minnesota and McGill University in Montreal looks at where, and how far, this decline is occurring.The authors take a vast number of data points for the four most important crops: rice, wheat, corn and soybeans(大豆). They find that on between 24% and 39% of all harvested areas, the improvement in yields that took place before the 1980s slowed down in the 1990s and 2000s.There are two worrying features of the slowdown. One is that it has been particularly sharp in the world's most populous(人口多的) countries, India and China. Their ability to feed themselves has been an important source of relative stability both within the countries and on world food markets. That self－sufficiency cannot be taken for granted if yields continue to slow down or reverse.Second, production growth has been lower in wheat and rice than in corn and soybeans. This is problematic because wheat and rice are more important as foods, accounting for around half of all calories consumed. Corn and soybeans are more important as feed grains. The authors note that “we have preferentially focused our crop improvement efforts on feeding animals and cars rather than on crops that feed peo ple and are the basis of food security in much of the world.”The report qualifies the more optimistic findings of another new paper which suggests thatthe world will not have to dig up a lot more land for farming in order to feed 9 billion people in 2050, as the Food and Agriculture Organisation has argued.Instead, it says, thanks to slowing population growth, land currently ploughed up for crops might be able to revert(回返) to forest or wilderness. This could happen. The trouble is that the forecast assumes continued improvements in production, which may not actually happen.()63. What does the author try to draw attention to?A. Food riots and hunger in the world.B. News headlines in the leading media.C. The decline of the grain production growth.D. The food supply in populous countries.()64. Why does the author mention India and China in particular?A. Their self－sufficiency is vital to the stability of world food markets.B. Their food yields have begun to decrease sharply in recent years.C. Their big populations are causing worldwide concerns.D. Their food self－sufficiency has been taken for granted.()65. What does the Food and Agriculture Organization say about world food production in the coming decades?A. The growing population will greatly increase the pressure on world food supplies.B. The optimistic prediction about food production should be viewed with caution.C. The slowdown of the growth in yields of major food crops will be reversed.D. The world will be able to feed its population without increasing farmland.()66. How does the author view the argument of the Food and Agriculture Organisation?A. It is built on the findings of a new study.B. It is based on a doubtful assumption.C. It is backed by strong evidence.D. It is open to further discussion.DAmong the government's most interesting reports is one that estimates what parents spend on their children. Not surprisingly, the costs are steep. For a middle－class, husband－and－wife family (average pretax income in 2009: $76，250), spending per child is about $12，000 a year.With inflation the family's spending on a child will total $286，050 by age 17.The dry statistics ought to inform the ongoing deficit debate, because a budget is not just a catalog of programs and taxes. It reflects a society's priorities and values. Our society does not—despite rhetoric(说辞) to the contrary—put much value on raising children. Present budget policies tax parents heavily to support the elderly. Meanwhile, tax breaks for children are modest. If deficit reduction aggravates these biases, more Americans may choose not to have children or to have fewer children. Down that path lies economic decline.Societies that cannot replace their populations discourage investment and innovation. They have stagnant(萧条的) or shrinking markets for goods and services. With older populations, they resist change. To stabilize its population—discounting immigration—women must have an average of two children. That's a fertility rate of 2.0.Many countries with struggling economies are well below that.Though having a child is a deeply personal decision, it's shaped by culture, religion, economics, and government policy. “No one has a good answer”as to why fertility varies among countries, says sociologist Andrew Cherlin of The Johns Hopkins University. Eroding religious belief in Europe may partly explain lowered birthrates. In Japan young women may be rebelling against their mothers' isolated lives of child rearing. General optimism and pessimism count. Hopefulness fueled America's baby boom. After the Soviet Union's collapse, says Cherlin, “anxi ety for the future” depressed birthrates in Russia and Eastern Europe.In poor societies, people have children to improve their economic well－being by increasing the number of family workers and providing supports for parents in their old age. In wealthy societies, the logic often reverses. Government now supports the elderly, diminishing the need for children. By some studies, the safety nets for retirees have reduced fertility rates by 0.5 children in the United States and almost 1.0 in Western Europe, reports economist Robert Stein in the journal National Affairs. Similarly, some couples don't have children because they don't want to sacrifice their own lifestyles to the lime and expense of a family.Young Americans already face a hopeless labor market that cannot instill(注入) confidence about having children. Piling on higher taxes won't help, “If higher taxes make it more expensive to raise children，”says Nicholas Eberstadt of the American Enterprise Institute, “people will think twice about having a nother child.” That seems like common sense, despite the multipleinfluences on becoming parents.()67. What do we learn from the government report?A. Inflation increases families' expenses.B. Raising children is getting expensive.C. Budget reduction is around the corner.D. Average family expenditure is increasing.()68. What accounted for America's baby boom?A. Optimism for the future.B. Religious beliefs.C. Improved living conditions.D. Economic prosperity.()69. Why do people in wealthy countries prefer to have fewer children?A. They want to further improve their economic well－being.B. They cannot afford the time and expenses of rearing children.C. They are concerned about the future of the coming generation.D. They don't rely on their children to support them in old age.()70. What is the author's purpose in writing the passage?A. To instill confidence in the young about raising children.B. To advise couples to think twice before having children.C. To encourage the young to take care of the elderly.D. To appeal for tax reduction for raising children.第Ⅱ卷(非选择题共35分)第四部分：任务型阅读(共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分)请认真阅读下面短文，并根据所读内容在文章后表格中的空格里填入一个最恰当的单词.注意：每个空格只填1个单词.Using virtual reality to add “real world”challenges to psychotherapy(精神疗法) sessions may enhance the treatment's effect for people learning to cope with workplace stress, according to a small study from Italy.Researchers say the mixtur e therapy known as “interreality” was more effective than traditional cognitive behavioral therapy, which is currently considered the gold standard for more serious anxiety and stress.“Psychological stress has reached large proportions in industrialized countries. Exposure to prolonged stress is known to increase the risk of physical and mental health problems, including depression and disabling anxiety conditions，”said Dr. Andrea Gaggioli from the IstitutoAuxologico Italiano in Milan, who led the study.“In particular, work－related stress is responsible for around one fifth of staff turnover, with negative implications for the productivity of organizations. Identifying more effective strategies to help people dealing with stress is an important research challenge，”he told Reuters Health in an e－mail.“The trouble with stress is that it is so very personal，”Gaggioli said. “Stress－related disorders depend a great deal on how the person experiencing a stressor is put together—psychologically and physically.”Using biosensors, smart phones and virtual reality technology, Gaggioli and his team designed a system to give therapists a window into how a specific patient experiences stress to better understand their stress triggers and find what the person should do differently to cope in a stressful situation.To see if this technology－enhanced therapy approach works, the researchers recruited 121 nurses and teachers.All the men and women filled out pre－and post－test questionnaires to measure their stress levels. The participants were then randomly assigned to either the interreality treatment group, a cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) group or a waiting list group that received no treatment.For five weeks, participants in both treatment groups attended two hour－long sessions a week to learn ways to manage their stress.Examples of a stressful virtual scenario used during therapy with a teacher was “class management”or “coping with parent's criticism”. For nurses the scenarios included “managing patient's relat ives” and “managing a medical emergency situation”．The interreality participants also received counseling and training to cope with their stress based on how they performed in the virtual－reality sessions.When members of the standard CBT group met, they were instructed to close their eyes and imagine the same sorts of stressful situations that interreality group members had experienced in simulation. They didn't have mobile phones to keep track of their “stress history”，but were told to keep a diary.People in both the cognitive therapy and interreality groups reported less stress at the end of the experiment than those on the waiting list, but the interreality group showed biggerimprovements.According to the results published in the Journal of Medical Internet Research, participants in the interreality group had a 12 percent decrease in general anxiety levels and a 14 percent increase in emotional coping skills. Cognitive therapy group members showed only a 0.5 percent drop in general anxiety and a 0.3 percent increase in coping skills.“A real strength here is the mix of technology, practitioners and real－life use—which seems like a potentially powerful therapeutic mix，”said Chris Williams, a professor and psychiatrist at the University of Glasgow in Scotland, who was not involved in the study.第五部分：书面表达(满分25分)Guangdong officials swore to help drug users live a normal life2015－12－21 01：03：35 GMT2015－12－21 09：03：35(Beijing Time)South China's Guangdong Province will continue to be one of the country's drugs manufacturing site, an international drug channel and a transfer point for the domestic illegal drug trade in the near future, a Guangdong narcotics control official said.“The rapid spread of drug problems and high incidence of drug－related crimes is causing great pain and trouble to Guangdong at present and will do so in the years to come，”Guo Shaobo, director of the Guangdong Provincial Narcotics Control Commission, said at a news conference in Guangzhou on Sunday.One of the issues behind increasing drug problems is that many drug users who are infected with diseases such as HIV are turned away by ordinary rehabilitation centers due to insufficient specialized facilities. In response, Guangdong authorities plan to use some compulsory drug rehabilitation centers into hospitals for drug users and have sworn to settle difficulties in receiving and treating such patients by the end of 2016, Guo said.【写作内容】1. 用约30个词概述上述信息主要内容.2. 结合上述信息，简要分析人们吸毒的主要原因.3. 根据你的分析，从社会规范(rules and regulations)和个人行为两方面谈谈青少年如何远离毒品(不少于两点).【写作要求】1. 写作过程中不能直接引用原文语句.2. 作文中不能出现真实姓名和学校名称.3. 不必写标题.。

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2018江苏省普通高等学校招生考试高三模拟测试卷12
参考公式：
样本数据x 1，x 2，…，x n 的方差s 2
＝1n ∑i ＝1n (x i －x －)2，其中x －＝1
n i ＝1
n x i .
一、 填空题：本大题共14小题，每小题5分，共70分． 1. 设集合A ＝{x|x ＞1}，B ＝{x|x 2＜9}，则A ∩B ＝__________．
2. 设a ，b ∈R ，i 为虚数单位，若(a ＋bi)·i ＝2－5i ，则ab 的值为__________．
(第5题)
3. 在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，已知双曲线x 2a 2－y 2
b 2＝1(a ＞0，b ＞0)的一条渐近线的方程
为y ＝3x ，则该双曲线的离心率为__________．
4. 已知一组数据9.8，10.1，10，10.2，9.9，那么这组数据的方差为__________．
5. 右图是一个算法流程图，运行后输出的结果是__________．
6. 若函数f(x)＝asin ⎝⎛⎭⎫x ＋π4＋3sin ⎝⎛⎭⎫x －π
4是偶函数，则实数a 的值为__________．
7. 正四棱锥的底面边长为2 cm ，侧面与底面所成二面角的大小为60°，则该四棱锥的侧面积为__________cm 2.
8. 将函数f(x)＝sin(2x ＋φ)(0＜φ＜π)的图象向右平移2个单位后得到的函数图象关于原点对称，则实数φ的值为____________．
9. 二次函数y ＝f(x)＝ax 2＋bx ＋c(x ∈R )的部分对应值如下表：
则关于x 10. 在正五边形ABCDE 中，已知AB →·AC →
＝9，则该正五边形的对角线的长为__________．
11. 用大小完全相同的黑、白两种颜色的正六边形积木拼成如图所示的图案，按此规律再拼5个图案，并将这8个图案中的所有正六边形积木充分混合后装进一个盒子中，现从盒子中随机取出一个积木，则取出黑色积木的概率是__________．
12. 若函数f(x)＝⎩
⎪⎨⎪⎧（x －a ）2
，x ≤0，
x －lnx ＋5＋a ，x ＞0的最小值为f(0)，则实数a 的取值范围是
__________．
13. 在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，已知点P(－1，0)，Q(2，1)，直线l ：ax ＋by ＋c ＝0，其中实数a ，b ，c 成等差数列，若点P 在直线l 上的射影为H ，则线段QH 的取值范围是__________．
14. 在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，将函数y ＝3＋2x －x 2－3(x ∈[0，2])的图象绕坐标原点O 按逆时针方向旋转角θ，若 θ∈[0，α]，旋转后所得曲线都是某个函数的图象，则α的最大值为__________．
二、 解答题：本大题共6小题，共90分. 解答时应写出必要的文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤．
15. (本小题满分14分) 已知θ∈⎝⎛
⎭⎫3π4，5π4，sin ⎝
⎛⎭⎫θ－π4＝55. (1) 求sin θ的值； (2) 求cos ⎝⎛⎭⎫2θ＋2π
3的值．
如图，在直三棱柱ABCA 1B 1C 1中，已知AC ⊥BC ，BC ＝CC 1.设AB 1的中点为D ，B 1C ∩BC 1＝E.求证：
(1) DE ∥平面AA 1C 1C ； (2) BC 1⊥AB 1.
17. (本小题满分14分)
在平面直角坐标系xOy 中，已知椭圆C ：x 2a 2＋y 2
b 2＝1(a ＞b ＞0)的焦距为2.
(1) 若椭圆C 经过点⎝⎛
⎭
⎫
62，1，求椭圆C 的标准方程；
(2) 设A(－2，0)，F 为椭圆C 的左焦点．若椭圆C 上存在点P ，满足PA
PF ＝2，求椭圆
C 的离心率的取值范围．
如图，扇形AOB 是一个植物园的平面示意图，其中∠AOB ＝2π
3，半径OA ＝OB ＝1 km.
为了便于游客观赏，拟在园内铺设一条从入口A 到出口B 的观赏道路，道路由弧AC ，线段CD ，线段DE 和弧EB 组成，且满足：AC ︵＝EB ︵，CD ∥AO ，DE ∥OB ，OD ∈⎣⎡⎦⎤33，6
3(单
位：km)．设∠AOC ＝θ.
(1) 用θ表示CD 的长度，并求出θ的取值范围； (2) 当θ为何值时，观赏道路最长？
已知公差不为0的等差数列{a n }的首项为1，前n 项和为S n ，且数列⎩
⎨⎧⎭
⎬⎫
S n a n 是等差数列．
(1) 求数列{a n }的通项公式；
(2) 设lgb n ＝a n
3n (n ∈N *)，问：b 1，b k ，b m (k ，m 均为正整数，且1＜k ＜m)能否成等比数
列？若能，求出所有的k 和m 的值；若不能，请说明理由．
20. (本小题满分16分)
设a 为正常数，函数f(x)＝ax ，g(x)＝lnx. (1) 求函数h(x)＝f(x)·g(x)的极值；
(2) 证明： x 0∈R ，使得当x ＞x 0时，f(x)＞g(x)恒成立．。

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