经贸英语阅读阶段练习2

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《经贸英语阅读》阶段练习二题目

《经贸英语阅读》阶段练习二题目I. Translate the following words into Chinese1.reserve currency储备货币2. globalisation全球化3. development aid发展援助4. detriment损害, 伤害, 危害5.expertise专门知识, 专家意见6.market economy status (MES) 市场经济地位7.consultation mechanism磋商机制8.International Court of Arbitration国际仲裁庭9.treaty条约, 谈判,协议10.breakthrough突破, 新发现, 新进展11.A TA Carnet system暂准进口单证册制度12.cybercrime计算机犯罪13.manufacture制成品14.central pillar核心支柱15.deficit赤字, 逆差,亏损II. ClozeGrowth remains central __to__ China’s reform agenda, but increasingly is tempered _with___ measures to address social inequality and ensure more sustainable economic and political development. Paradoxically, __in__ a number of areas, the conditions for stability improve as the Party and State relax control. A more independent judiciary, a stronger civil society, a freer press will ultimately encourage stability, providing necessary checks and balances. Recognition __of__ the need for more balanced development, building __a__ “harmonious society”, is encouraging. But further reform will be necessary.III. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese1.The EU will continue working with China towards the full implementation of its WTO obligations and will urge China to move beyond its WTO commitments in further opening its market to create opportunities for EU companies. The EU will accept that it cannot demand openness from China from behind barriers of its own.欧盟将继续与中国合作以使中国完全履行其对世贸组织的承诺，并且将敦促中国在其世贸承诺之外进一步开放市场，以便为欧盟企业创造机会。

经贸英语Unit2

Unit 2 Business Background Check
Reading A
投资者被某公司骗数百万美元的报道屡见不鲜。因此，确定合作伙伴有好的信誉尤为重要，而进行商业背景调查是最常用的一种方法。下面是进行商业背景调查的基本步骤：（1）调查公司基本信息调查公司的基本信息通常应从公司所在地区开始，特别是对于小公司来说，因为这里可能是信息的唯一来源。所有的公司都必须遵守当地的法律法规，因为他们是植根于此的。调查可以从城市记录入手，它们提供有关公司的起源、逃税情况、起诉判决以及违法行为等信息。这些信息正常都向查询者公开。
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2. What do you think is the most important part of a business
Unit 2 Business Background Check
Reading A
There are more and more news stories about companies that defraud investors of millions of dollars. Therefore, it is important to be certain that the company you are intending to establish a relation with is reputable and the usual practice to do so is to run a business background check. In order to do this, the following straightforward steps are recommended: (1) Finding Basic Information of a Company Always start at the local level, especially for a small company, as this may be the only source of information available. All companies must conform to local laws or codes since they are essentially rooted in a community. City records are a good place to start. They will provide the information about the origin of the business, tax evasion, judgments filed or actions against the business. The information is normally public and available to all who ask.

《经贸英语阅读》阶段练习二题目

《经贸英语阅读教程》经贸英语,阅读.doc

《经贸英语阅读教程》-经贸英语,阅读商务指南
《经贸英语阅读教程》
书名全称：经贸英语阅读教程(经济学类21世纪高等院校专业课系列教材)
【作】潘忠朱振荣【出版社】出版社【版次印次】2006-02-01 【ISBN书号】7111185846 【开本】16开【装帧】平装【国别】中国大陆【页数】209
辑推荐：书摘作经过认真筛选，提供了原汁原味的英语经贸文章，题材兼顾中外经济，涵盖诸多行业领域。

本教材具有实用性、知识性和时效性的特点，尤为重要的是对课文中出现的各种专业和专业词汇进行了更加深入广泛的补充性解释。

本书是经济学类“21世纪高等院校专业课系列教材”之一，具有实用性、知识性和时效性的特点，尤为重要的是对课文中出现的各种专业组织和专业词汇进行了更加深入广泛的补充性解释。

本书能纵深发展的英语运用能力，提高学生阅读理解经贸英语文章的水平，为其日后工作打下必要的语言基础。

同时，本书也可作为涉外活动人士用于提高水平的阅读材料。

图书目录前言第1章政府官员对倾销的滥用发出警告第2章印度尼西亚：消费的天堂? 第3章欧元：一体化前景第4章美联储的未来(上) 第5
章美联储的未来(下) 第6章与可持续发展：多哈发展议程第7章中国开始开展自由贸易...[浏览全部内容]。

经贸英语阶段练习1

《经贸英语阅读》阶段练习一题目I. Translate the following words into Chinese1.panel专题讨论小组, 全体陪审员2.secretariat书记处, 秘书处3.liberalization贸易自由化4.preamble引言, 序文, 前言5.Marrakesh Agreement马拉喀什协议6.testimony证言, 证据, 声明7.scenario远景方案,方案, 事态8.regime社会制度, 体制9.inflation通货膨胀10.Single Market单一市场11.transparency透明, 透明度原则12.corruption腐败, 堕落, 贪污13.Schengen agreement申根协议14.Euro-area countries欧元区国家15.Generalized System of Preference普惠制II. ClozeThe preamble _of_ the Marrakesh Agreement Establishing the World Trade Organization includes among its objectives, optimal use __of__ the world's resources, sustainable development and environmental protection.This is backed up _in___ concrete terms by a range of provisions in the WTO's rules. Among the most important are umbrella clauses (such as Article 20 of the General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade) which allow countries _to___ take actions to protect human, animal or plant life or health, and __to__ conserve exhaustible natural resources.Beyond the broad principles, specific agreements __on__ specific subjects also take environmental concerns __into__ account. Subsidies are permitted _for___ environmental protection. Environmental objectives are recognized specifically __in__ the WTO agreements dealing _with___ product standards, food safety, intellectual property protection, etc.III. Translate the following paragraphs into Chinese1.The WTO tackles these problems in a number of ways. In the WTO, liberalization is gradual,allowing countries time to make the necessary adjustments. Provisions in the agreements also allow countries to take contingency actions against imports that are particularly damaging, but under strict disciplines. 世界贸易组织用很多方法处理这些问题。

英语阅读二(含答案)

对外经济贸易大学远程教育学院2009----2010学年第二学期英语阅读（二）期末考试大纲本复习大纲适用于本学期的期末考试，所列题目为期末试卷试题的出题范围。

本次期末考试题型分为3种：词汇和语法，是非判断题，阅读理解，全部采用单项选择的形式。

词汇和语法占30%，是非判断题20％，阅读理解占50％，期末复习题（答案供参考）Part 1 VocabularyDirections: Choose the best words for the following sentences.1. Soon you will see an important paper that may well ___________ the course ofthe history.A. effectB. abateC. affectD. affectation2. Renewable technologies need __________ energy policies to encourage theirdevelopment.A. soundB. sensitiveC. out-of-dateD. numerous3. When the opponents of the system shout about the lack of parental choice, they__________ the fact that in the old system there was no choice either for most parents.A. confuseB. forgiveC. understandD. overlook4. Asking one question after another is ___________ a conversation.A. the same asB. a far cry fromC. a cry againstD. be within cry of5. Henry VIII __________ England from the Catholic Church and established theChurch of England.A. marchedB. withdrewC. petitionedD. commanded6. Still, the wind business has some __________ to overcome.A. elementsB. factorsC. hurdlesD. elephants7. A Lot of people say that to make a serious conversation successful, one has to be agood speaker, eloquent and _____________ on a wide range of topics.A. talkativeB. hesitantC. well-informedD. pitiful8.If you have any questions in class, first ________ your hand and then ________ toask your teacher.A. raise; raiseB. raise; riseC. ruse; raiseD. rise; rise9. On hearing the ring, he rose to _________ the telephone.A. acceptB. answerC. receiveD. reply10. Our school has strict rules. Fighting at school is ___________ permitted.A. by all meansB. by no meansC. by any meansD. within his means11. Dr. Kistiakowsky ___________ forward the factors that make it hard for womento be in science.A. suggestB. holdC. putD. take12. For the newborn all the emotions he experiences can be summarized___________ “generalized excitement”, of whi ch the external evidence is crying and thrashing about.A. asB. downC. forD. against13.A doctor can expect __________ at any hour of the day or night.A. callingB. seeingC. being calledD. to be called14. After Queen Elizabeth I died, James Stuart __________ her and became James I.A. succeededB. mournedC. sobbedD. missed15. The only effective approach is to ___________ the future, instead of returning tothe methods of the past.A. denyB. challengeC. seeD. look to16. Science books ___________ on boy’s experiences.A. make useB. drawC. linkD. revise17. _____________ is Denmark; with government’s support, it has become one of themost successful countries with wind power.A. A case in pointB. Off the pointC. Without any pointD. In case18. In recent years, things have changed for ___________. Realizing the importanceof rainforest protection, Brazilian government has made changes to the policies that encouraged people to fell trees.A. worseB. betterC. nothingD. /19. The Queen ____________ away at 69 on March 24th, 1603 and was buried inWestminster Abbey, London.A. passedB. wentC. foundD. sailed20. It was a small room, on the sixth and top floor, and ___________ a setting for aromantic figure.A. nearlyB. more or lessC. almostD. scarcely21. Too many questions will make the other person __________ at ease; and you maybe considered as nosey.A. warm-heartedB. illC. interestingD. humorous22. It seems reasonable to ___________ that every survey has found serious defects inthe education standards of its day.A. assumeB. speakC. tellD. foretell23. Many factors____________individual differences in the way emotions aredeveloped.A. accountB. account forC. account withD. find account in24. Since they have a strong _____________ for each other, don’t engage them in aconversation. No matter what, they wouldn’t talk to each other.A. dislikeB. feelingsC. affectionD. friendship25. The local economy started ___________ off in the mid-1990s.A. takeB. moveC. takingD. moving26. The fat man chuckled to himself as he ________ the door of his room and stoodaside to let his guest enter.A. explodedB. unlockedC. broke intoD. burst into27. The ___________ of the Brazilian part of Amazonia has bought economic as wellas environmental disaster.A. deforestationB. deforestC. forest forestation28. Many people take questions as nothing __________ signals for them to speak, andutter whatever happens to be on their mind at the moment.A. rather thanB. more thanC. besideD. in addition to29. Max glanced ___________ Fowler, who was standing a few feet from Ausable.A. inB. atC. onD. above30. Then he pressed advertising again, though neither of us really knew anythingabout it, __________ that you could work in Manhattan.A. exceptB. expectC. in additionD. more31. Intelligence is related to emotions in __________ our capacity to reason and thinkcan affect our emotional behavior.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. what32. Women, present and ancient, at home and abroad, wear long hair, _________adds to their beauty.A. by whichB. whichC. itD. this33.The light is still on. They __________ to switch it off.A. may forgetB. should have forgottenC. must have forgottenD. can’t have forgotten34. In addition ___________ an appropriate diet, you need to do exercise to keep fit.A. toB. forC. withD. on35. ____________ her rule, England grew stronger and more stable.A. In spite ofB. UnderC. WithoutD. Against36. It was with that experience fresh in my mind that I attended a conference__________ science literacy.A. inB. onC. atD. concern37. He told me about it when I was nineteen: “You _________ better make a lot ofmoney.”A. needB. hadC. shouldD. must38. My wife and I were in the car heading _________ Edinburgh.A. towardB. fromC. onD. under39. __________, I am sure he is an honest man.A. No matter people sayB. No matter do people sayC. No matter what people sayD. Whatever do people say40. Compared __________ the U.S., Denmark’s public policy has been moreconsistent.A. toB. forC. againstD. with41. The piano player made a mistake and a ___________sound could be heard.A. consonantB. troublesomeC. dissonantD. dinosaur42. Microsoft has been taken to court on the charge of ___________.A. monopolyB. monologueC. duopolyD. dialogue43. ___________ of the elderly is rarely tolerated in a Japanese community.A. treatmentB. mistreatmentC. non-treatmentD. auto-treatment44. Kids with little ___________ with their mother or father tend to have problemswhen they grow up.A. internationalB. interpersonalC. interactionD. interrelation45. The panda came to the villagers for help when its _________ was injured.A. forefatherB. forefootC. fore courseD. foreground46. There are a number of ____________ programs in this university. Among themEnglish Literature is the best.A. postwarB. postgraduateC. postindustrialD. postscript47. What you have said is ___________ to the topic. Don’t stray away again.A. relevantB. irrelevantC. regularD. irregular48. I can’t tell what she is thinking. A ____________of ideas are always in her mind.A. multitudeB. attitudeC. interactionD. international49. More _____________ of management is called for in yesterday’s conference.A. transparenc yB. dessertC. transmissionD. denationalize50. This is rush hour. Let’s take the ___________.A. byroadB. bystanderC. bylawD. sideways51. According to legend, phoenix is a(n) ___________ bird.A. immortalB. mortalC. normalD. abnormal52. He looked back at his earlier life and began to write his ___________.A. biographyB. autobiographyC. graphD. autograph53. Beethoven’s ______________ are passionate and powerful.A. symphoniesB. symptomsC. phoneticsD. atom54. He received college education by taking __________.A. televisionB. telescopeC. telecommunicationD. telecourse55. Being away for so long and with no idea how tall the boy was, the mother boughta(n) __________ sweater for him.A. undersizedB. underestimatedC. undersizeD. underestimate56. Is the infection ______________ by mosquitoes?A. transparentB. transmit tedC. transmissionD. transparency57. ___________ exchanges increase as trade increases between the two countries.A. nationalB. internationalC. bilateralD. lateral58. People suffering __________ should try their best to stay calm; otherwise theirblood pressure can cause problems.A. hypertensionB. hyper actionC. intentionD. detention59. The patient was fed up with the doctor’s ___________ and refused to take anypills.A. descriptionsB. describeC. prescription sD. prescribe60. Our ___________ created a huge wealth of culture and we should try our best topreserve it.A. fatherB. forefathersC. forestageD. forepaw61. From the start, I _______ Koko’s performance on human intelligence tests.A. troubledB. worseC. monitoredD. /62. The answer is no, though at 130 pounds she already _______ me and is astonishingly strong.A. outweighsB. outgrowsC. outwardD. outdo63. Employees with skills in relationship _________ are often seen as valuable to an organization.A. buildB. buildingC. organizeD. organization64. A study this year found that personal feelings toward an employee play a moreimportant role in forming work relationships than is commonly _______.A. acknowledgeB. acknowledgesC. acknowledgementD. acknowledged65. Nearly 60% of customers say that, when faced with rudeness, they take their business elsewhere, even if it means ________ their way or paying a higher price.A. going out ofB. go out ofC. upsettingD. upset66. Research has found customers' perceptions of the employees they deal with can influence their _______ feelings toward a company.A. roundaboutB. sentimentalC. overallD. sensitive67. As an employer, likeability is more important to me than _______ of specific skills or experience.A. possessionB. possessC. possessiveD. \68. Hundreds of studies show that ________ give up more easily and get depressed more often.A. optimistsB. sensitiveC. pessimist sD. countryman69. The father and the mother have two different ways of ________ at the world.A. viewingB. lookingC. directingD. treating70. Optimists tend to believe defeat is just a ________setback, that its causes are confined to this one case.A. temporaryB. foreverC. lastingD. inescapable71. The defining characteristic of pessimist is that they tend to believe bad events will ________ a long time, will undermine everything they do, and are their own fault.A. lastB. goC. arriveD. disappear72. Tests reveal traces of pessimism in the speech of people who never think of themselves as pessimists; they also show that these traces are sensed by others, who react _______ to the speakers.A. positivelyB. negativelyC. positiveD. negative73. Twenty-five years of study has ________ me that if we believe that misfortune is our fault, lasts long, and will undermine everything we do, more of it will befall us than if we believe otherwise.A. madeB. showC. convincedD. overlooked74. Personal feelings toward an employee play a ________ important role in forming work relationships than is commonly acknowledged.A. harderB. betterC. lessD. more75. In other words, likeability is the ability to produce a positive emotional experience ________ someone else, such as making co-workers feel good about themselves.A. onB. inC. amongD. between76. Organizations have traditionally focused _______ competencies and thinking ability of their staff.A. onB. inC. amongD. between77. Employees with skills in relationship building are often seen ________ valuable to an organization, Sanders says.A. forB. aC. asD. not78. Koko’s vocabulary grew _________ a remarkable pace.A. atB. onC. inD. /79. Rules for the scoring required that I ________ these responses as errors.A. recordedB. recordC. cordD. corded80. _________ many captive chimpanzees become difficult to work with as they mature, gorillas seem to be of quite a different temperament.A. WhenB. AsC. whileD. /。

BEC中级阅读第二部分课后练习题(两篇)

BEC Reading Part Two●练习1●Issues in the recruitment worldIn the competitive world of investment banking, good senior executives are not easy to find. So what should the industry's hard-pressed directors do when they need to find senior staff? Increasingly, they decide to call in the headhunters. These are busy and profitable times for the recruitment agencies that dominate the world of executive search and selection.(0) ...G...They needed new people to revitalise their operations, and the result has been a boom in the recruitment market. Pinnacle, a leading recruitment agency, has helped various UK investment banks to rebuild their entire senior management teams. It is hard to overstate the significance of this.(8)..C..........But now everything has changed, and Pinnacle is not the only major player in the field. Some analysts believe that rival recruitment specialists ALT Associates has a larger share of the market. However, there is little doubt that over its 13-year history, Pinnacle and its chairman, Matthew Edwards, have built up an impressive reputation.Edwards estimates that his company controls between 10 and 15 per cent of the headhuntingmarket for senior investment banking jobs in the UK. (9)...A.........Rather, it is the high-calibre jobs and people that Pinnacle deals with that define the company's success. For example, the company was recently commissioned to find a new chairman for NBS Bank, a vacancy that was one of the most talked about in the banking world.Most HR directors recognise that headhunters such as Pinnacle play a valuable role in therecruitment process.(10)...E.........Some are concerned t hat a few companies, including Pinnacle, have too much power over high-level recruitment.(11)....B........As Tim Davidson, HR Director at Cawfield Bank, explains, They can be kingmakers. These are the people who decide who gets a future and who doesn't. If Edwards forms a view about an individual, it can affect their ability to get a particular job. That view could just have been formed on a bad day.' (12)...F......... Final decisions in the selection process are always taken by his clients, he says, whoever they are.The role of headhunters should not be exaggerated. Many companies never use them. But as top executives are hard to find, there will always be a role for people like Matthew Edwards.A Although others may put it lower, it is important to remember that the company's reputation is not based on market share alone.B Their chief worry is that the headhunters can now make or break managerial careers.C According to Edwards, this is a further indication that the way Pinnacle searches for a candidate tends to favour a certain type of manager.D But this acceptance does not mean they are universally happy, either with the state of the market or with Pinnacle's role within it.E Until a few years ago, even the biggest companies were unlikely to use headhunters to fill more than one or two jobs a year.F Edwards objects to this suggestion, claiming that all he does is find candidates and encourage themto apply for a particular post.G A number of big investment banks recently decided to make changes to their management boards after disappointing end-of-year results.练习2When two brands are better than oneElena Alvarez takes a look at the effectiveness of marketing partnerships.In the corporate world, rivalry is more common than co-operation. But increasingly; companies have been setting aside their differences; the new idea is that two brand names are better than one. Sharing databases, strategies and communication systems can be the most effective means of attracting customers. (0) ... .G... This partnership will give it access to the utility company's database of thousands of corporate clients, who will be offered special deals on all its products.The philosophy behind such joint ventures is simple. In economically challenging times, marketing partnerships provide a cost-effective method of increasing brand awareness and sales. As one expert in the field puts it, 'Clever marketing partnerships allow brands to target the right people, cutting down the above-the-line spend.' (8) ............ It is better to simplify the process and give them one focal point.Recent research has indicated that marketing partnerships can be up to 27 per cent more productive than single company campaigns. (9) ..B.......... In particular, it is ideal for bringing instant branding to companies that lack immediate consumer appeal.One well-established UK phone manufacturer, ITB, was quick to realise this, and formed an alliance with 7a/fc a leading women's magazine. The phone company has benefited from the strong branding of the magazine, which has its customer base among professional women in their early 20s.(10) .D........... This combined approach also offered ITB a quick route into image enhancement, and this is true of many other marketing partnership deals. To give another illustration, it is no coincidence that some well-known cartoon characters are currently enhancing the image of Nasco household cleaning products.(11).......F.....And, of course, this strategy should also guarantee that consumers' children insist on these products rather than rival brands.However, while association with a powerful brand can give a significant boost to sales, being connected to a devalued brand can have a negative result. The problems of one brand inevitably impact on the other in a partnership. (12).....A.......A company may take years to recover from this sort of bad publicity. Indeed, there are numerous examples of disastrous marketing alliances. In such cases, not enough thought has been given to the partnership and the reasons behind it, and it has brought little value to either the customer or the companies involved.A In such circumstances, the effects are frequently major and can be long-lasting.B Some experts therefore predict that this style of marketing will take up an increasingly large proportion of many companies' total marketing budgets.C Successful marketing partnerships can consequently bring a financial advantage even to small and struggling companies such as these.D In return, its partner enjoys a broader distribution platform from which to promote its brand.E With only a finite number of consumers in any target market, there is no need to overwhelm prospects with competing messages from different organisations.F These are fairly standard items, but clearly the company hopes to transform them by broadening the associations consumers have with the brand.G For example, Profit Plus, a large UK financial services company, has recently joined forces with a leading supplier of electricity.。

2020-2021大学《经贸英语阅读》期末课程考试试卷B(含答案)

2020-2021《经贸英语阅读》期末课程考试试卷B适合专业: 考试日期:所需时间: 120分钟闭卷考试试卷总分：100分错误!未找到引用源。

. Words and expressionsTurn the following words and expressions into corresponding English or Chinese versions. (10×1分，共15分)1. 北美自由贸易协定2. 美联储3. 单边主义4. 联合国粮农组织5. 寻租6. 宏观经济学7. 贸易保护主义8. 稳定发展协议9. 欧洲中央银行 10. trade deficit11. blue chip company 12. bookkeeping 13. provincialism 14. devaluation 15. inflation错误!未找到引用源。

. ExplanationExplain the following terms in English （5×4分，共20分）1.outsourcing2.globalization3.logistics4.lobbying5.dumpingⅢ.TranslationSection A: translate the following sentences into English (5×3分，共15分)1. 鉴于资金不足，他们决定放弃这个项目。

2. 在经济衰退期间，公司设法渡过了难关。

3. 为集中精力使自己的家族企业经营有所好转，他决心从辍学。

4. 那位首席执行官似乎不受批评的影响。

5. 他开始从事一项新事业。

Section B: Translate the passage into Chinese (1×20分，共20分）Mexico. The origins of outsourcing here can be traced to NAFTA, signed in 1993. The elimination of trade barriers created profit opportunities for the production of goods and services in Mexico. Even though productivity was lower in Mexico than in the U.S., and there were additional transportation costs, the wages in the country were low enough to compensate. The search for higher profits led to a shift in production facilities to Mexico. U.S. consumers were happy because they were able to buy similar products at lower prices. Mexican workers were happy as the higher demand for labor services resulted in higher wages. The standard of living for Mexican worker’s rose. NAFTA was a win -win situation. It’s not hard to see why outsourcing has become such a major political issue. The benefits of outsourcing — lower prices and higher profits — are spread out among shareholders and consumers. Consumers see lower prices and shareholders see higher profits. The stock market, when strong enough, offsets any protectionist pressure generated by the fear of job loses due to higher imports or job outsourcing. The investor class understands that a rising tide lifts all boats.错误!未找到引用源。

经贸英语2-2课后习题答案

Unit 3 Quality and QuantityⅡ1. We're satisfied with the quality of your samples and I'm positive that your commodity will finda market in our country.If your prices are reasonable and quantities satisfactory, we'll place substantial order.In view of the excellent quality of your products, we are going to make orders in large quantities.I believe that the high quality and low price of our commodity will attract you to place a trial orders.If you can increase your quantity to 100 000 pieces, we may consider giving you 1.5% discount. Because of the recent heavy inflow of orders, our supply position is very stringent. But we will do our utmost to satisfy your requirements of quantity.We believe that the superior quality and competitive price of our products will please your customers. We want to order 100 000 dozen, that is 40 000 dozen more than what we bought last year.Our commodities have been improved in both quality and design. I'm sure you'll be interested in them.10. Our woolen sweaters have no rival in quality and color. No other supplier can touch us in this point.Ⅲ1. 如果你方给我们提供的货物质量上乘，价格合理，那我方将订购一大批。

BEC初级阅读训练2

BEC初级阅读训练2三. 阅读理解（共1题，25分）3. (阅读理解) Common Stock and Preferred StockA public corporation issues certificates of ownership, called common stock, which may be traded on stock exchanges. Anyone can buy and sell shares of common stock. Owners of stock are referred to as shareholders and stockholders. Common stockholders are accorded certain rights by the corporate charter. In the United States, these rights vary from state to state, but in general the articles of incorporation spell out voting rights and rights to receive profits.Common stockholders are the voting owners of a Corporation. They are usually entitled to one vote per share.They may vote on numerous affecting the corporation (including a decision to sell or merge with anther corporation) and elect a board of directors, who, in turn, hire managers to run the business. A majorityshareholder is one who owns over 50 percent of the outstanding shares in a corporation and, thus, can call the shots. All other shareholders are minority shareholders. In large corporations no single person or organization owns anywhere near a majority interest. In large, publicly owned corporations a shareholder with as little as 10 percent of the shares may control the corporation effectively. If things go badly, a coalition of so calleddissident shareholders may gather enough votes to replace the existing board of directors; the new board may fire the existing management and bring in their own management team.Although common stock represents ownership in a company, it does not guarantee the owners a specified rate of return. As owners, the stockholders receive profits after all expenses, including debts and taxes, have been paid. They receive profits from the business in the form of dividend payments, which represent a percentage of profits. Not all after-tax profits are paid to the stockholders in dividends. Directors usually decide quarterly how much, if any, if the profits they wish to distributed to the owners. The profits are either distributed to the owners in dividends or they are reinvested bank into the company in the form of retained earnings. If the company decides to keep the profits, the company may become more valuable and the price of the stock usually goes up. Some investors prefer profits in the way of dividends while others speculate for an increase in the price of stock. If a company goes broke, common stockholders get last claim on whatever is left over.Corporations may also issue preferred stock to investors. Preferred stock usually has no vote in the election of the board of directors, but does get preference in the distribution of the company's earnings. It offers investorsa different type of security and may be issued only after common stock had been issued. The term "preferred"applies to two conditions. First, preferred stockholders gain preferential treatment in the matter of dividends) That is, they receive a fixed fete of dividends prior to the payment of dividends on common shares. Second, if the company goes out of business or liquidates, preferred stockholders are closer to the front of the line than common stockholders when distributing the company's assets.Dividends to preferred stock may be cumulative or noncumulative. Cumulative preferred stock maintained its claim to dividends even if the company had a bad year in 1994, they might decide not to pay dividends. But if they had a good year in 1995, and declared stock dividends do not accumulate, If dividends are not declared, noncumulative owners lose their claim to the profit of that period.All in all, common stock usually has more control through voting privileges, greater chance for high returns,4. (句子填空)·Read the article below about public relations.·Choose the best sentence from the opposite page to fill each of the gaps.·For each gap, mark one letter (A-G). on your Answer Sheet.·Do not use any letter more than once.PR: The Wildcard Marketing StrategyWhat is the true purpose of public relations and how can it really help impact the growth of your small business? In order for the media to succeed, they need information that is both useful and entertaining for their readers. This is where you, the business owner or marketing executive, come in.Most small business owners think that public relations are too time-consuming of an effort. 1. ________ It is just a matter of prioritizing your goals and leveraging the resources that you do have to take advantage of what is an invaluable marketing tactic. Here are a few tips to get you started in the right direction:1. Create several creative story pitches. The way to get into the hearts and minds of the media is through a great story pitch.2. ________ Not only that, but editors may classify you as that annoying self-promoter that won't stop pitching their product line, and then refer you to the advertising department. When developing story pitches you should ask yourself the following questions: What makes this story different from the hundreds of other stories being submitted? Will this benefit readers financially, professionally, or emotionally in any way? Is this really entertaining or fun to read? If the answer to any of these questions is "No", then it is time to adjust your story until the answer is "Yes".2. Match your target audience with the right media channels.3. ________ Really understanding your target audience will help you in the next step of your PR plan—targeting the right media channels.3. Have a spokesperson or PR firm represent your company. So let's assume that you have executed your calling campaign and have sparked interest with an editor or reporter looking to secure an interview with someone in your firm. They contact your office but no one is available to take their call. One thing that journalists and editors lack is patience, and rightfully so—they have deadlines to fulfill!4. ________4. Take advantage of your opportunities when presenting your company. PR results do not happenovernight. You must be patient and persistent. 5. ________ So do not forget to include your companyinformation through a sentence describing your company, author byline (if applicable), and a URL of your website. Media professionals will sometimes forget to include this information so it is your job to show it in your press release, articles, or interview.In sum, PR is a wildcard marketing strategy that can yield tremendous results if implemented correctly.Don't forget that your number-one goal is to get in front of your target audience and the rest will take care of itself.(1)-(5) 题共用备选答案：A.Shamelessly promoting your business or its products is not going to do you much good.B.However, when activity comes up, you must ensure that the company is rewarded for the hard work put in!C.This may be true in cases where small businesses have very limited resources (i.e. staff, budget), but this should not prevent you from doing it.D.If your company's main customer base is women in their 30s, then you probably don't want to focus on media channels that target a demographic of men in their 50s.E.The last thing you want is to be unavailable when an editor or reporter wants more information about your company or products.F.It helps an organisation and its publics adapt mutually to each other.G.In order for the media to succeed, they need information that is both useful and entertaining for their readers.。

经贸英语阅读复习

选词填空As is known to all, the management of wages and salaries are very complex. Generally speaking, the Accounting Department is responsible for calculations of pay, while the Personnel Department is interested in discussions with the employees about pay.众所周知,管理、工资、薪金却非常复杂。

一般来说,会计部门负责计算缴纳的,而人事部门感兴趣的讨论关于报酬的员工。

If a firm wants to adopt a new wage and salary structure, it is essential that the firm should decide on a method of job evaluation and ways of measuring the performance of its employees. In order to be successful, that new pay structure will need agreement between Trade Unions and employers. In job evaluation, all of the requirements of each job are defined in a detailed job description. Each of those requirements is given a value, usually in "points", which are added together to give a total value for the job. For middle and higher management, a special method is used to evaluate managers on their knowledge of the job, their responsibility, and their ability to solve problems. Because of the difficulty in measuring management work, however, job grades for managers are often decided without reference to an evaluation system based on points.如果一家公司想采用一种新的工资结构,它是必要的,这家公司应该决定工作评估方法和途径的测量性能的员工。

MTI 经贸翻译练习2

MTI经贸翻译练习2I. 翻译下列商务信函常用语句。

1. We should be glad to hear at your earliest convenience the terms and conditions on which you are prepared to supply.本公司若能及早获知贵方准备供货的条款细则，甚幸。

2. We have seen your advertisement in the Business World and would be pleased to have your catalogue and price lists of your KV-180 Printers.我们已看到贵公司在《商业世界》上刊登的广告，希望惠寄贵方KV—180打印机的目录和价格单。

3. Please find enclosed a full specification of our products.随函附上我方产品的详细规格，请查收。

4. With an eye to our future business, we’ll agree to change the terms of payment from L/C at sight to D/P at sight.为了今后的业务合作，我方同意把付款方式由即期信用证付款改为即期付款交单。

5. We are sorry to inform you that the listed terms of payment do not correspond to our customary business practice.很遗憾地通知贵方，你方所列付款方式与我方惯用商业做法不符。

6. Please ship the first lot under Contract NO. 45379 by s.s. “WUXI”scheduled to sail on or about July 5.请将第45379号合同项下的第一批货物装上于7月5号左右起航的“无锡号”货船。

经贸英语阅读

Thank you！ you！
进口配额（进口配额（Import quotas））
• 一国政府在一定时间内，对于某些商品一定时期一国政府在一定时间内，内的进口数量或金额，事先加以规定的限额。内的进口数量或金额，事先加以规定的限额。超过规定限额的不准进口。过规定限额的不准进口。 • 类型：绝对配额（absolute quotas) 类型：绝对配额（关税配额（关税配额（tariff-rate quotas) )
非自动许可（non-automatic licensing））
• 在对进口商品有数量限制或只有经过明确授权才能允许进口时，能允许进口时，通常会用到非自动许可 • 例：为了保护敏感产业和战略产业，马来西亚对为了保护敏感产业和战略产业，部分商品实施非自动进口许可管理，所有重型建部分商品实施非自动进口许可管理，筑设备进口须经国际贸易和工业部批准，筑设备进口须经国际贸易和工业部批准，在马来西亚当地企业无法生产的情况下方可进口。西亚当地企业无法生产的情况下方可进口。 ——中国驻东盟国家使馆商务参赞谈双边合作 ——中国驻东盟国家使馆商务参赞谈双边合作
绝对配额（绝对配额（absolute quotas)
• 绝对配额是将特定时期内进口商品的数量限制在特定的水平。特定的水平。
• 例1：墨西哥今年糖产量遭到干旱破坏，将导致其向美国：墨西哥今年糖产量遭到干旱破坏，的出口下降。因糖价高昂且供应存在不确定性，该国将考的出口下降。因糖价高昂且供应存在不确定性，虑在下一榨季发放额外的糖进口配额。虑在下一榨季发放额外的糖进口配额。该进口配额将保证下一榨季前三个月的消费量。下一榨季前三个月的消费量。 • 例2： 2月21日，日本经济产业省公布了：月日日本经济产业省公布了2005年紫菜进口年紫菜进口配额方案，取消了对进口紫菜原产国的限制，配额方案，取消了对进口紫菜原产国的限制，将进口紫菜国别配额改为全球配额，进口紫菜配额总量为4亿张亿张。国别配额改为全球配额，进口紫菜配额总量为亿张。这标志着自2005年起，中国紫菜可以进入日本市场。年起，标志着自年起中国紫菜可以进入日本市场。

《经贸英语阅读》自学考试试题A

《经贸英语阅读》自学考试试题AⅠ.Vocabulary (10%)(ⅰ) Translate the following into English. (5%)1.国际专业化2. 市场机制3. 工商管理4.消费价格指数5. 名义汇率(ⅱ) Translate the following into Chinese. (5%)1、Random Variable2、Life Insurance3、Promissory Note4、Distribution Channel5、Sole Proprietorship Ⅱ.Fill in each of the following blanks with an appropriate word from the list(20%)production, originate from, aided by, based in , distribute, engage in, acquiring, expanded, affiliate, transnational MNC, sometimes called 1) _______________ corporation, business that 2) _______________ products or services in one or more foreign countries by establishing a 3) _______________ there. MNCs 4) _______________ foreign direct investment, sometimes such investment involves 5) _______________ an existing company.Most MNCs are very large corporations 6) _______________ developed countries. In the 1980s and 1990s an increasing number of smaller corporations 7) _______________ their production activities abroad. Similarly, an increasing number of MNCs now 8) _______________ the newly industrialized and developing areas. These developments have been 9) _______________ technological improvements in transportation, communications, and 10) _______________ processes.1.12.resources, varies, idle, indispensable, venture, contracts, loans, permits, property, transferThe principal function of credit is to transfer 1) _______________ from those who own it to those who wish to use it, as in the granting of 2) _______________ by banks to individuals who plan to initiate or expand a business 3) _______________. The 4) _______________ is temporary and is made for a price, known as interest, which 5) _______________ with the risk involved and also with the demand for, and supply of, credit.Credit transactions have been 6) _______________ to the economic development of the modern world. Credit puts to use property that would otherwise lie 7) _______________, thus enabling a country to more fully employ its 8) _______________. One of the most significant differences between the developing nations and the advanced Western nations is the extent to which the use of credit 9) _______________ the latter to keep their savings continuously at work. The presence of credit institutions rests on the readiness of people to trust one another and of courts to enforce business 10) _______________.5.21.Free Trade2.GNP3.Monopoly4.Liablility Insurance5. FranchiseⅣ.Answer briefly in English(15%)1.What is the principle of comparative advantage? 1.12. Explain the reason why people buy insurance. 6.13. List the objectives of sales promotion campaigns.4.1Ⅴ. Translate the following sentences into Chinese (20%)To extricate the foreign trade sector from its present difficult position, China will make some big moves this year to expand export, solicit more foreign capital and reform the foreign trade system.The State has put forward and will continue to advance policies to encourage export expansion. For instance, it has raised the tax refund rate in line with common international practices.Reform of the foreign trade will be speeded up to suit the new situation.First, more enterprises will be granted the power to handle imports and exports independently.In order to lure more foreign investment, areas allowed to establish Sino-foreign trade joint ventures on a trial basis will be expanded.More preferential policies will be granted to transnational companies that plan to set up research centers in China, in a bid to develop industries matching their leading products. 1.1Ⅵ. Translate the following sentences into English (20%)1.随着制造业和技术的发展，出现了另一个刺激贸易的因素，即国际专业化。

英语阅读二(含答案)

对外经济贸易大学远程教育学院2010----2011学年第一学期英语阅读（二）期末考试大纲本复习大纲适用于本学期的期末考试，所列题目为期末试卷试题的出题范围。

本次期末考试题型分为4种：词汇和语法，是非判断题，篇章解构和阅读理解，全部采用单项选择的形式。

词汇和语法占30%，是非判断题22％，篇章解构8%，阅读理解占40％。

期末复习题（答案供参考）Part 1 VocabularyDirections: Choose the best words for the following sentences.1. Soon you will see an important paper that may well ___________ the course ofthe history.A. effectB. abateC. affectD. affectation2. Renewable technologies need __________ energy policies to encourage theirdevelopment.A. soundB. sensitiveC. out-of-dateD. numerous3. When the opponents of the system shout about the lack of parental choice, they__________ the fact that in the old system there was no choice either for most parents.A. confuseB. forgiveC. understandD. overlook4. Asking one question after another is ___________ a conversation.A. the same asB. a far cry fromC. a cry againstD. be within cry of5. Henry VIII __________ England from the Catholic Church and established theChurch of England.A. marchedB. withdrewC. petitionedD. commanded6. Still, the wind business has some __________ to overcome.A. elementsB. factorsC. hurdlesD. elephants7. A Lot of people say that to make a serious conversation successful, one has to be agood speaker, eloquent and _____________ on a wide range of topics.A. talkativeB. hesitantC. well-informedD. pitiful8.If you have any questions in class, first ________ your hand and then ________ toask your teacher.A. raise; raiseB. raise; riseC. ruse; raiseD. rise; rise9. On hearing the ring, he rose to _________ the telephone.A. acceptB. answerC. receiveD. reply10. Our school has strict rules. Fighting at school is ___________ permitted.A. by all meansB. by no meansC. by any meansD. within his means11. Dr. Kistiakowsky ___________ forward the factors that make it hard for womento be in science.A. suggestB. holdC. putD. take12. For the newborn all the emotions he experiences can be summarized___________ “generalized excitement”, of which the external evidence is crying and thrashing about.A. asB. downC. forD. against13.A doctor can expect __________ at any hour of the day or night.A. callingB. seeingC. being calledD. to be called14. After Queen Elizabeth I died, James Stuart __________ her and became James I.A. succeededB. mournedC. sobbedD. missed15. The only effective approach is to ___________ the future, instead of returning tothe methods of the past.A. denyB. challengeC. seeD. look to16. Science books ___________ on boy’s experiences.A. make useB. drawC. linkD. revise17. _____________ is Denmark; with government’s support, it has become one of themost successful countries with wind power.A. A case in pointB. Off the pointC. Without any pointD. In case18. In recent years, things have changed for ___________. Realizing the importanceof rainforest protection, Brazilian government has made changes to the policies that encouraged people to fell trees.A. worseB. betterC. nothingD. /19. The Queen ____________ away at 69 on March 24th, 1603 and was buried inWestminster Abbey, London.A. passedB. wentC. foundD. sailed20. It was a small room, on the sixth and top floor, and ___________ a setting for aromantic figure.A. nearlyB. more or lessC. almostD. scarcely21. Too many questions will make the other person __________ at ease; and you maybe considered as nosey.A. warm-heartedB. illC. interestingD. humorous22. It seems reasonable to ___________ that every survey has found serious defects inthe education standards of its day.A. assumeB. speakC. tellD. foretell23. Many factors____________individual differences in the way emotions aredeveloped.A. accountB. account forC. account withD. find account in24. Since they have a strong _____________ for each other, don’t engage them in aconversation. No matter what, they wouldn’t talk to each other.A. dislikeB. feelingsC. affectionD. friendship25. The local economy started ___________ off in the mid-1990s.A. takeB. moveC. takingD. moving26. The fat man chuckled to himself as he ________ the door of his room and stoodaside to let his guest enter.A. explodedB. unlockedC. broke intoD. burst into27. The ___________ of the Brazilian part of Amazonia has bought economic as wellas environmental disaster.A. deforestationB. deforestC. forest forestation28. Many people take questions as nothing __________ signals for them to speak, andutter whatever happens to be on their mind at the moment.A. rather thanB. more thanC. besideD. in addition to29. Max glanced ___________ Fowler, who was standing a few feet from Ausable.A. inB. atC. onD. above30. Then he pressed advertising again, though neither of us really knew anythingabout it, __________ that you could work in Manhattan.A. exceptB. expectC. in additionD. more31. Intelligence is related to emotions in __________ our capacity to reason and thinkcan affect our emotional behavior.A. whichB. thatC. whereD. what32. Women, present and ancient, at home and abroad, wear long hair, _________adds to their beauty.A. by whichB. whichC. itD. this33.The light is still on. They __________ to switch it off.A. may forgetB. should have forgottenC. must have forgottenD. can’t have forgotten34. In addition ___________ an appropriate diet, you need to do exercise to keep fit.A. toB. forC. withD. on35. ____________ her rule, England grew stronger and more stable.A. In spite ofB. UnderC. WithoutD. Against36. It was with that experience fresh in my mind that I attended a conference__________ science literacy.A. inB. onC. atD. concern37. He told me about it when I was nineteen: “You _________ better make a lot ofmoney.”A. needB. hadC. shouldD. must38. My wife and I were in the car heading _________ Edinburgh.A. towardB. fromC. onD. under39. __________, I am sure he is an honest man.A. No matter people sayB. No matter do people sayC. No matter what people sayD. Whatever do people say40. Compared __________ the U.S., Denmark’s public policy has been moreconsistent.A. toB. forC. againstD. with41. The piano player made a mistake and a ___________sound could be heard.A. consonantB. troublesomeC. dissonantD. dinosaur42. Microsoft has been taken to court on the charge of ___________.A. monopolyB. monologueC. duopolyD. dialogue43. ___________ of the elderly is rarely tolerated in a Japanese community.A. treatmentB. mistreatmentC. non-treatmentD. auto-treatment44. Kids with little ___________ with their mother or father tend to have problemswhen they grow up.A. internationalB. interpersonalC. interactionD. interrelation45. The panda came to the villagers for help when its _________ was injured.A. forefatherB. forefootC. fore courseD. foreground46. There are a number of ____________ programs in this university. Among themEnglish Literature is the best.A. postwarB. postgraduateC. postindustrialD. postscript47. What you have said is ___________ to the topic. Don’t stray away again.A. relevantB. irrelevantC. regularD. irregular48. I can’t tell what she is thinking. A ____________of ideas are always in he r mind.A. multitudeB. attitudeC. interactionD. international49. More _____________ of management is called for in yesterday’s conference.A. transparenc yB. dessertC. transmissionD. denationalize50. This is rush hour. Let’s take the ___________.A. byroadB. bystanderC. bylawD. sideways51. According to legend, phoenix is a(n) ___________ bird.A. immortalB. mortalC. normalD. abnormal52. He looked back at his earlier life and began to write his ___________.A. biographyB. autobiographyC. graphD. autograph53. Beethoven’s ______________ are passionate and powerful.A. symphoniesB. symptomsC. phoneticsD. atom54. He received college education by taking __________.A. televisionB. telescopeC. telecommunicationD. telecourse55. Being away for so long and with no idea how tall the boy was, the mother boughta(n) __________ sweater for him.A. undersizedB. underestimatedC. undersizeD. underestimate56. Is the infection ______________ by mosquitoes?A. transparentB. transmit tedC. transmissionD. transparency57. ___________ exchanges increase as trade increases between the two countries.A. nationalB. internationalC. bilateralD. lateral58. People suffering __________ should try their best to stay calm; otherwise theirblood pressure can cause problems.A. hypertensionB. hyper actionC. intentionD. detention59. The patient was fed up with the doctor’s ___________ and refused to take anypills.A. descriptionsB. describeC. prescription sD. prescribe60. Our ___________ created a huge wealth of culture and we should try our best topreserve it.A. fatherB. forefathersC. forestageD. forepaw61. From the start, I _______ Koko’s performance on human intelligence tests.A. troubledB. worseC. monitoredD. /62. The answer is no, though at 130 pounds she already _______ me and is astonishingly strong.A. outweighsB. outgrowsC. outwardD. outdo63. Employees with skills in relationship _________ are often seen as valuable to an organization.A. buildB. buildingC. organizeD. organization64. A study this year found that personal feelings toward an employee play a moreimportant role in forming work relationships than is commonly _______.A. acknowledgeB. acknowledgesC. acknowledgementD. acknowledged65. Nearly 60% of customers say that, when faced with rudeness, they take their business elsewhere, even if it means ________ their way or paying a higher price.A. going out ofB. go out ofC. upsettingD. upset66. Research has found customers' perceptions of the employees they deal with can influence their _______ feelings toward a company.A. roundaboutB. sentimentalC. overallD. sensitive67. As an employer, likeability is more important to me than _______ of specific skills or experience.A. possessionB. possessC. possessiveD. \68. Hundreds of studies show that ________ give up more easily and get depressed more often.A. optimistsB. sensitiveC. pessimist sD. countryman69. The father and the mother have two different ways of ________ at the world.A. viewingB. lookingC. directingD. treating70. Optimists tend to believe defeat is just a ________setback, that its causes are confined to this one case.A. temporaryB. foreverC. lastingD. inescapable71. The defining characteristic of pessimist is that they tend to believe bad events will ________ a long time, will undermine everything they do, and are their own fault.A. lastB. goC. arriveD. disappear72. Tests reveal traces of pessimism in the speech of people who never think of themselves as pessimists; they also show that these traces are sensed by others, who react _______ to the speakers.A. positivelyB. negativelyC. positiveD. negative73. Twenty-five years of study has ________ me that if we believe that misfortune is our fault, lasts long, and will undermine everything we do, more of it will befall us than if we believe otherwise.A. madeB. showC. convincedD. overlooked74. Personal feelings toward an employee play a ________ important role in forming work relationships than is commonly acknowledged.A. harderB. betterC. lessD. more75. In other words, likeability is the ability to produce a positive emotional experience ________ someone else, such as making co-workers feel good about themselves.A. onB. inC. amongD. between76. Organizations have traditionally focused _______ competencies and thinking ability of their staff.A. onB. inC. amongD. between77. Employees with skills in relationship building are often seen ________ valuable to an organization, Sanders says.A. forB. aC. asD. not78. Koko’s vocabulary grew _________ a remarkable pace.A. atB. onC. inD. /79. Rules for the scoring required that I ________ these responses as errors.A. recordedB. recordC. cordD. corded80. _________ many captive chimpanzees become difficult to work with as they mature, gorillas seem to be of quite a different temperament.A. WhenB. AsC. whileD. /Part 2 True or FalseDirections: The following statements are based on the ten articles we have learned in this semester. Decide whether they are true or false. If true, write “A”; if false, write “B”.(Unit 1)In “Cellphone Madness Goes On”, the author believes t hat mobile phones add comedy to our life. To talk loudly on mobile phone as one strides along in a city center will surely attract a lot of attention.The author’s wife had an ill opinion of the caller Mike.Obviously the author’s wife misunderstood the meaning of the word “shoot”, in the text “Cellphone Madness Goes On”.(Unit 2)B The author of “Bricklayer s Boy” came from a well-to-do family.B It is easy to make fortune and change your fate in U. S., according to the author.A The author of “Bricklayer’s Boy” was very satisfied with his white-collar work and life.A The father’s preparing exam becomes a turning point in his relationship with the author in “Bricklayer’s Boy”.B The father was still bitter about his son’s choice of job at the end of “Bricklayer’s Boy”.(Unit 3)A“Denmark’s Wind Industry”holds an optimistic view on the future of wind industry.B U.S. government has given its wind industry steady support from the very beginning.A Though a clean source of energy, wind power has its own limits a nd can’t be developed everywhere.A The wind industry in Denmark no longer needs the support from its government.A Denmark’s policy played an important role in the success of its wind industry.B So long as the government gives its support, wind industry will encounter no hurdles in its development.(Unit 4)A The author of “Was There a Golden Age?” criticizes the comprehensive system of education in Britain.A There is no golden age in the history of British education, according to the text.A We should look back at the history and make good use of the teaching methods in the past.B The author of “Was There a Golden Age?” is fond of the traditional teaching system.(Unit 5)A It can be implied that emotions have a very important role to play in heart-to-heart talks.B If you want to have a serious conversation with someone, you should seek any moment to talk to him.A To make a good conversation, listening is as important as speaking.B If the speaker talks about sth that you already know, it’s appropriate to interrupt and stop him. (Unit 6)B“The Midnight Visitor” tells a romantic story about Fowler’s experience at Ausable’s place.B Ausable stayed calm and cool when he found Max in his room.A Ausable panicked when he found Max in his roomB Max knew he couldn’t outwit Ausable, thus he committed suicide.A Fowler had a thrilling experience at Ausable’s place.(Unit 7)A Human beings are born with complex emotions.B Environment influences a person’s emotional development.A Anger and fear are irrational, useless and destructive.B Anger and fear sometimes play a positive role in our life.(Unit 8)B Queen Mary was friendly to Elizabeth, the half-sister.B Queen Elizabeth led the British navy in person and defeated the Spanish.A When Queen Elizabeth passed away, England became the richest and most powerful country in Europe.A Elizabeth remained single all her life.(Unit 9)A The author of “Managing the Rainforests” is in favor of “sustainable management” of forests.A Without careful planning, the top predator Jaguar would die out.B The future of sustainable forestry is not clear yet.A“S ustainable management” of forests has proved fruitful.(Unit 10)Early conditioning plays a role in the scientific ability of boys and girls.B Women are discriminated in science.B Tests showed that boys are smarter than girls in science.B Girls are all happy with the fact that they are excluded from the science circle.B Women are born with less intelligence when it comes to science.(Unit 1 textbook --Conversations with a Gorilla)B Animals are not capable of emotions, as emotions are what distinguish man from animals. Working with Koko can be pleasurable.(Unit 7 textbook --Another Reason to Be Nice)A Growing research shows that likable employees may have more success on the job.A Likeability is the ability to produce a positive emotional experience in someone else, such as making co-workers feel good about themselves.(Unit 10 textbook---Two ways of Looking at Life)A Being optimistic has some positive effect on one’s health, according to the text “Two ways of Looking at Life”.B Pessimistic persons might win the sympathy of others’, which might help their career development, according to the text “Two ways of Looking at Life”.Part 3 Text Organization这一部分节选自主课文，课文里某些连贯的段落中有几个承上启下的句子被抽出来，要求在仔细阅读的基础上还原句子的位置。

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第一至第三单元Keys to unit 1Text A1) Omit.2) Economics studies the choices made by people who are faced with scarcity.3) Scarcity is a situation in which resources are limited and can be used in different ways, so we must sacrifice one thing for another.4) The resources are limited, and they can be used in different ways.5） Omit.6） Because of scarcity, people must make difficult choices: You must decide how to spend your time; the city must decide how to use its land.7) Omit.8) Together, the choices made by individuals, firms, and governments determine society's choices9) 1. What goods and services do we produce?2. How do we produce these goods and services?3. Who consumes the goods and services that are produced?10) For example, if we devote more resources to medical care, we have fewer resources for education and consumer goods. If we increase the number of people working in factories, we have fewer people to work on farms and in the classroom. Ⅱ. Translate the followings:Part APartBPart C1) 人类有多种需要和需求。

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•11
课文学习
Business terms
tumbling exports (para. 1) the drying-up of foreign finance (para. 1) emerging economies (para. 1) net private capital flows (para. 2) global trade volumes (para. 2) open market (para. 2) boost domestic demand (para. 3) the flight of private capital (para. 3) current-account deficits (para. 3) a drought of financing (para. 3) 出口锐减外资枯竭新兴经济体私有资本流动净值全球贸易额公开市场扩大内需私人资本外逃经常账户逆差/赤字融资匮乏
•6
The novel A farewell to Arms was written by a famous American writer Ernest Hemingway.
Question: What idea does the author want to convey by using this title, “Farewell, Free Trade”?
•8
热身练习
Warm-up activities
1. Preview work：Read and think.
Before we study the unit, please skim the text and raise two questions on either the content or the language.

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