轮机英语听力与会话第五章
轮机英语听力与会话四版问答题带翻译
第一章公共用语1.How many important canals are there all over the world?世界上有几大重要的运河？Two. the Panama and Suez.两大运河，巴拿马和苏伊士运河2.How long have you worked on board?你在船上工作多久了？For 5 years.五年了3.What is your marital status? How many departments are there on board?你的婚姻状况是什么？I am married.There are three departments: engine department, deck department and service department.我结婚了。
有三个部门：轮机部，甲板部和事务部。
4.How many people are there in your family? Are you married?你家有几口人，你结婚了吗？There are three people in my family. Yes, I am married.是的，我结婚了。
5.How many countries have you been to?你去过几个国家？I have been to four countries.我去过四个国家。
6.Which classification society is your ship registered with?您的船舶注册的哪个船级社？CCS.中国船级社7.Please tell me the minimum safe oxygen percentage for the safety of the workers in an enclosed space.为了在封闭空间工人的安全，请告诉我最低安全氧气百分比是多少？18%.18%.8.When did you begin to work on board? What kind of ship have you worked on?你什么时候开始上船工作的？你在哪些类型的船上工作过？In 2003. Container ship.2003年，货船9.Can you tell me what is the most important thing for a seafarer?能不能告诉我对于一个船员来说最重要的事情是什么吗？Safety.安全10.What kinds of main engine and generator engine have you worked on?你工作过的主机和发电机是什么类型的？Large slow speed crosshead type marine diesel engine and high speed four stroke engine for A.C generator.大型低速十字头式主机和作为交流发电机的高速四冲程柴油机。
《轮机英语、听力与会话网络课程》轮机英语阅读学习指南.
系统的英语阅读和翻译技
巧；
3.能够熟练阅读和理解船
舶电气与自动化系统的英
文说明书、船舶有关业务
资料。
1.掌握船舶轮机管理的操 6
作规程，安全管理知识和
油料物料以及备件的管 6
理，船舶修理与检验、防
污染管理及 PSC 检查的英
语术语及相关内容； 2.能够熟练阅读和理解船 6
舶轮机管理的英文业务资
料。
1. 掌 握 STCW 公 约 、 MAPORL 公约、 SOLAS 6
Unit 18 Engine Room Log Book
Unit 19 Repair List
轮 机 业 务 Unit 20 Store order list
6
书写
Unit 21 Oil record book
Unit 22 Engineer’s report and letters
Unit 23 Accident Report
确书写修理单、工作报告、 4 信函、传真及电子邮件， 4
7 机动
总计
正确书写轮机关键设备的 操作规程。
4 112
四、考核标准
1. 考核方式
考试采用闭卷程终结性考核成绩组
成。
2. 考核内容
本课程考核内容为理论考核。试卷考核内容要求覆盖到教材的每一个知识点，且重点突出，难易合适。
明。
6
Unit 5 Marine Boilers
6
Unit 6 Pumps and Pumping Systems
6
Unit 7 Refrigeration and Air Conditioning 1.掌握船舶辅助机械的基
船 舶 辅 助 System 2
轮机英语听力与会话口语评估练习
轮机英语听力与会话口语评估练习口述题第一章公共用语1. The engine room.(1) Position of the engine room on board.(2) Type of machinery in the engine room.(3) Feature of marine machinery in the engine room.The engine room is the heart of a ship. It is generally located atthe stern near the ship bottom. In the engine room, there are a lot of machinery and systems, such as the main engine, the generater engine, boilers, pumps, the refrigerating system, and the air conditioning system. The main engine, also called the main propulsion plant，is the largest and most important one . The modern improvement of control systems results in machinery space remaining unattended for long periods. That is UMS2( The engine department.(1) Introduction of the importance of the engine department on board.(2) Introduction of personnel of the engine department.(3) Description of the engine department.The engine department takes in charge of the engine room. They can make the machinery especially main engine working smoothly ,and anti-pollution.The chief engineer commands the department. The second engineer ,the third engineer and the fourth all work under his order. There are also some motormen in the department. The captain is responsible for the whole ship.One of major responsibilities of engine department is to keep the machinery running safely by proper operation and maintenance . Crew members of the engine department should overhaul , operate and maintain the equipment strictly by the rules . We always keep the machines in our engine room in good order.3. Self-introduction.1).Your education background2).Your working experience3)Your familyMy name is… I am…years old. I come from…. I am single. I graduated from GuangZhouMarine Technical School in 2003. I have been working on board as an engineer for about 5 years. In my spare time, I like listening to the music, reading books and doing some exercises. I like my job very much.4. Your daily work on board1) Your position on board.2) Your duties during watch-keeping3) your experience.I work as an engineer on board. I like the life on board. My main work is to keep all the pipes and pumps in good condition. Sometimes Ihave to do some repair work such as repairing the air compressor or pump cylinders. As my experience the most common problem is the pump cylinders.5. Watch-keeping in the engine room1) The engineer on duty works for 4 hours each watch.2) He has to keep everything in good order.3) He is going to hand over the shift.The engineer on duty works for 4 hours each watch. He shall be able to service all the machinery. He has to maintain the machinery in good working condition. I am an engineer on board. I am in charge of deck machinery, all pumps, lifeboat, diesel engine and so on. Sometimes I have to do some repair work. When something goes wrong, I have to check and remedy it.6. Could you introduce yourself?(1) What’s your name?(2) Where did you graduate?(3) What education degree do you have?My name is …… I am … years old. I graduated from …..University. I majored inEngineering. I have bachelor degree now.第二章机舱日常业务1. Please describe the difference between the diesel engine and the gasoline engine. (See Fig. 2-1 and Fig. 2-2)There are many differences between the diesel engine and thegasoline engine. For example:(1)the gasoline engine is operated with four -stroke, but the diesel engine could either be operated by four or two.(2)The diesel engine is started by compressed air or electric motor, but the gasoline engine is normally started by motor and fired by spark plug.(3)The diesel engine is a large type usually, it could produce much more power than the gasoline engine, and it has high mechanism efficiency, so it's the most commonly used engine on board ship 2. Xiao Wang is a cadet of the engine department, who just graduated from Shanghai Maritime University. How do you introduce all the engine room to him? The engine room is the heart of the ship. There are a lot of machines there. These machines provide power or assistant for the ship's propulsion ,or the power of daily used for the crew (daily lighting/cooking… ). The main engine which is the heartof the engine room, it can supply power for the ship's propulsion,so you must especially to take care of it. The donkey engine likeboilers which is used for producing steam, air compressors are also important. Without them the ship can't operate. So as a cadet of the engine department, you should be familiar with them, and keep them in good running condition.3. Xiao Zhang is a three-year student majoring in marine engineering from Shanghai Maritime University. How do you introduce the equipment and machinery in the engine room?There are many machines in the engine room. The main engine is the heart of the engine room; it could supply power for the vessel's propulsion. There are a lot of donkey engines in the engine room:boilers for producing steam, fresh water generator is used to produce fresh water from seawater, air compressor is used to supply compressed air … . So as on e of engine department, you should be familiar with them, and keep them in good running condition.4. Look at the illustration and say something about the disposal of the shafting and diesel engine. (See Fig. 2-3)The power of the diesel engine is transmitted to the propeller through the transmission system. The items of transmission system include various shafts, such as the thrust shaft, one or more intermediate shafts and tail shaft. These shafts are supported by the thrust block, intermediate bearings and the stern tube bearing. The propeller consists of a boss with several blades. The thrust is transmitted along the shafting to the thrust block and finally to ship structure.5. Look at the illustration and say something about the probability of medium-speed and high-speed diesel engine. (See Fig. 2-4) When the ship is sailing at full speed, it needs four engines running. When the ship is sailing at half speed, it requires two enginesrunning. While the ship is operating at about 30 % of full speed, one engine is enough to meet its power requirement. That is, the ship can be operated with single engine, double engines, or four engines according the load condition. Generally, when the ship is sailing at sea speed, it has four engines running, while it approaches the wharf, it has two in running. 6. Look at the illustration and say something about structureof the main engine. (See Fig. 2-5)The structure of the main engine is as follows:(1) the construction mainly includes bedplate, frame, cylinders, pistons, connecting rod, main bearing and crankshaft.(2) The crankshaft rests in main bearings built into cross girdersof the bedplate. On the top of A frame there is a scavenging air box. The bedplate, frames and cylinder blocks are secured together by longtie-rods.(3) A piston consists of a lower part called piston skirt and an upper part called piston crown.7. Look at the illustration and say something about stress status of the moving parts. (See Fig. 2-6)The moving parts shown in the illustration mainly include the piston, the connecting rod, and the crankshaft. These are all critical/mainparts of the engine. According to the specific condition shown in the picture, the piston is under compression force, the connecting rod is under tension stress and compression force, while the crankshaft isunder the torsion forces.8. Look at the illustration and say the type of piston head shape in diesel engine. (See Fig. 2-7)knurled piston圆顶活塞dome head piston 凸顶活塞flat head piston平顶活塞crownhead piston(convex head piston)凹顶活塞concave head piston阶梯顶活塞9. Look at the illustration and say the types of piston ring(See Fig. 2-8) Pistons are usually equipped with piston rings. There are different kinds of piston rings in used. For example: In accordance with sub-section shape按断面形状分,it canbe divided into the following types: half keystone ring半梯形环Rectangular ring矩形环Chamfer Ring倒角环Twisted ring 扭曲环and so on. Bystructure，it can bedivided into two main types: Scraping oil ring 刮油环, Gas Ring 气环, different kindsof piston ring has different functions, but all in all it including the function of sealing, conditioning oil, Thermal conductivity (heat), Direction (bearing) 密封、调节机油(控油)、导热(传热)、导向(支承)10. Please describe the lubricating mode of main engine.Large marine diesel engines of crosshead construction generally have two systems of lubrication: a totally loss system feeding the cylinders and a circulating system lubricating the running gear and cooling thepistons. Oil is supplied to the cylinder liner wall and piston rings by means of mechanical lubricators. The lube oil to the various moving parts enables the formation of an oil film which reduces friction and wear.11. Talk about the working principle of (oil) purifier according to the picture given. (See Fig. 2-9)Oil purifiers are used on board ship to treat fuel oil andlubricating oil. The oil to be purified is first allowed to settle in a settling tank. Any large particles will settle out and can be drained every watch. After the oil has time to settle, it is passed through fine meshed wire filters to remove any coarse particles(油经过沉淀后，再通过细滤器去除大颗粒杂质). The oil is then sent to the oilpurifier.An oil purifier uses centrifugal force for separating dirt or water from oil. Oil to be purified is allowed to enter the bowl while it is rotating. The heavier components in the oil are thus forced outwards. The solid particles that are too fine to be removed by filtration are forced towards the circumference of the bowl. ( Oil purifiers usually maintain a layer of water inside the bowl to act as a seal for the oil. Without the water layer to act as seal, the oil can flow out together with the particles and be lost. There will be a ring that acts like a barrier between the oil layer and the water layer. This ring is known as dam ring or gravity disc. The most common designs have conical plates toensure the particles to clump together. The larger particles formed will weigh more and more and are able to be separated from the oil easier.)12. Talk about the working principle of oily water separator according to the picture given. (See Fig. 2-10)The oily water separator works on the principle of coalescing small oil droplets (聚结小油滴)in the water to form larger oil drops. When the oil drops becomes large enough, the lower density oil drops floats up and collects at the top of the vessel. The water remains at the lower portion and is pumped overboard. The oil layer is pumped into an oily bilge tank, which can be pumped out at an oil collecting facility when the ship arrives at a port.The separator consists of a vertical cylindrical pressure vessel (垂直的圆柱形压力容器)containing a number of inverted conical plates(反向的锥形板). The oily waterenters the separator in the upper half of the unit and is directed downwards to the conical plates. Large globules of oil separate out in the upper part of the separator while the smaller globules are carried by the water into the space between the plates.The rising velocity of the globules are carried them upwards where they become trapped by the under surfaces of plates and coalesce until the enlarged globules have sufficient rising velocity to travel alongthe plate surface and break away at the periphery.(油滴向上的速度使油水向上运动，油滴在捕集板的下表面被捕集，并开始集合，直到油滴长大至有足够的上升速度沿捕集板的表面运动并在四周分离) As the oil rises, itis caught underneath an annular baffle (在圆形挡板下面)and is led up through theturbulent inlet area by risers to collect in the dome of the separator. The water leaves the conical plate via central a central pipe which is connected to a flange at the base of the separator.13. Talk about the anti-pollution equipment on board ship.There usually is some anti-pollution equipment on board ships: they are oily water separator, incinerator and sewage treating system.(1)Oily water separators are used to ensure that ships do not discharge oil when pumping out bilge water or oily water from oil tanker preventing oil contaminated space. They should be used in conjunction with some forms of filters if greater purity is required. (2)The incinerators are used to burn the solid waste. (3)And some biological sewage treatment plants are in use at sea to treat the sewage water the whole ship produced. All these equipment perform their duties to prevent pollutions from ship to the sea. (And we must take great care about them to meet the latest legislative requirements.) 14. Talk about the operation of the ballast system.(1)The ballast system is arranged to ensure that water can be drawn from any tank or the sea and discharged to any other tank or the sea asrequired to trim the vessel. Combine or separate mains for suction and discharge may be provided. Where a tank or cargo space can be used for ballast or dry cargo then either a ballast or bilge connection will be required. (2)The system must therefore be arranged so that only the appropriate pipeline is in service; the other must be securelyblanked(安全隔离) or closed off. The automatic filling of any tank may be obtained by opening the valve of sea water main connected to the discharge main. For operating the ballast system, care must taken when we open or close the relative valves. Usually the ballast pump is centrifugal pump, so it must be operated according to the requirement.15. Talk about the operation of the bilge system.(The operation of the bilge system is an import routine work, which needs great carefulness. When it is needed, the following procedure must be strictly observed:)1) Discharge the bilge tanks one by one.2) Open and close the relevant valves when changing over to another tank according to the operation procedure.3) Stop pumping out when the bilge tank is nearly empty.4) Pay attention to the filters and mud-boxes(油泥箱) to ensure no clogging5) The discharge must meet the relative legislative requirements.6) The operation must be recorded and reported to C/E.( The duty engineer should discharge the bilges before handing overa watch. And relief engineer should check the bilge level when taking over a watch.)第三章驾机联系1. Communications with officers.In order to ensure the safe navigation of the ship, frequent communication between the engineers and officers is necessary. The usual means of communication is by telephone and telegraph. If the communication between the engine room and the bridge fails, the shipwill be endangered. The records of communication should be maintained which will provide evidence in the event of an accident at sea. Noon report is also a good means of communication between the engine room and the bridge. 2. Noon report.Noon report must be recorded every day. It is a table with three columns in it. The first one is about the daily performance data; There are six lines in the first columns, some of the data of main engine running, ship and voyage are to be entered here, such as the total revolutions and average rpm of M.E. between noons; the speed of the ship; the distance the ship has made and the distance still remains to thenext port of call; and of course the ETA which can be calculated according to the present speed and situations. The second one is about the remarks from chief engineer if he has any; and the third is the log of working hours of the main engine and auxiliary engines. 3. Take over watch.Before taking over an engineering watch, the relieving engineer should check various things.(1)He should read the standing orders and special instructions ofthe chief engineer. (2)He should be aware of all work being performed on machinery and systems. (3)He should check the level and condition of fuel, water or residues in tanks and bilges.(4)He should know the condition and mode of operation of the main and auxiliary systems (5)He should also check other necessary things.4. Hand over watch.At the completion of the watch, each member of watch-keeping should hand over to his relief, ensuring that the relief is competent to take over and carry out his duties effectively. Before going off duty, the engineer in charge of the watch shall ensure that all events related to the main and auxiliary machinery are suitably recorded. He should tell the relieving engineer the standing orders, special instructions and unfinished work, if any. If he has any reason to believe that the relieving engineer is not capable of carrying out the watch-keeping duties effectively, he shall not hand over the watch and the chief engineer shall be notified.5. Standby engine before departure.When standing-by engine for sailing, we should do various things.(1)We should check various systems and parts of the main engine.We should warm up the main engine.We should engage the turning gear and give the engine at least one complete turn. (2)After informing the bridge, we will give the main engine a brief trial on power ahead and astern.Finally, we will ring “stand-by” on the engine telegraph.6. Standby engine after sailing.(1) When do you begin standby engine?船舶抵达锚地或进港需要备车。
轮机英语会话评估口述题参考答案翻译
轮机英语会话评估口述参考答案第一章公共英语1. The engine room.The engine room is the heart of a ship. It is generally located at the stern near the ship bottom. In the engine room, there are a lot of machinery and systems, such as the main engine, the generator engine, boilers, pumps, the refrigerating system, and the air conditioning system. The main engine, also called the main propulsion plant，is the largest and most important one . The modern improvement of control systems results in machinery space remaining unattended for long periods. That is UMS.1 机舱机舱是船的心脏。
它通常位于船底尾部。
在机舱，有很多机械和系统，例如主机，发电机，锅炉，泵，制冷系统和空调系统。
主机也叫做主推进装置，是最大和最重要的一个。
控制系统的最新的进步导致机舱长时间没有人。
那就是无人机舱。
2. The engine department.There are five engineers and four motormen in the engine department on board my ship. We usually do some maintenance and repair work to keep the ship in good order. We also do some work to keep the engine room tidy and clean, such as sweeping the floor, remove the oil spilled, marking the pipes and valves with special color, etc.Working on board ship is not an easy job, so people have to cooperate well. In the engine department we get well along with each other. We are standing together regardless of situation.2 轮机部在我们的船上有五个轮机员和四个机工。
航海英语教学课件——UNIT-5_001
As a matter of fact, I heard about you two this morning.
PRE-LISTENING
Do you mind taking us now to the engine room? 介意现在就带我去机舱？
I’d like to very much, but now I ’m a bit too busy. 我很想，但我此时太忙。
PRE-LISTENING
AFTER LISTENING, YOU ARE SUPPOSED TO ANSWER THE
B. Read aloud theses sentences after the recording.
KEY SENTENCES
So far as I know, there’re more aux-machines. 据我所知,还有更多的辅机。
Ah, isn’t it as large as a house?! 哇！这不是同房子一般大?！
It’s the first time I’ve seen such a large machine. 我头一回见到这么大的机器。
T.Off: Well, we have two new cadets from a shipping college. They hope to have a brief understanding of the engine room. ( To Yang and Zhou ) This is the Chief Engineer, the very person you want to see.①
《轮机英语听力与会话(轮机长)》课程标准
《轮机英语听力与会话（轮机长）》课程标准【课程名称】轮机英语听力与会话【英文名称】Marine Engineering English Listening and Speaking【课程类型】必修课、职业能力素质课【适用专业】轮机工程技术【总学时】70 学时（理论学时：66 机动学时：4）【前导课程】《大学英语阅读》、《大学英语听力》、《大学英语口语》1．课程性质轮机英语听力与会话是轮机工程技术专业学生的重要专业课之一。
学生在经过基础英语阶段的学习以后，通过本课程的学习，能够听懂并理解轮机工程专业所涉及的英文内容，掌握中心大意，理解其中重要关键信息；并且能够进行有效的面对面的口语沟通和交流。
发音基本准确，语言基本流畅，表意基本完整。
使学生达到教学计划中本课程所涉及的知识、能力与素质要求，基本掌握能够履行船舶轮机长职责足够的专业英语知识，满足《1978年海员培训，发证和值班标准国际公约》和95年修正案（简称STCW78/95公约）要求。
2．设计思路1）以职业能力培养为导向，开展练中学、练中教，教、学、练结合，理论讲授与语言应用练习交替互动的教学模式。
2）以课程目标和船舶轮机长岗位的真实工作任务作为选择课程内容的标准。
3）以高职学生的认知规律和职业技能培养目标作为课程内容模块化的依据来序化教学内容。
4）优化教学设计，充分利用教学资源，提高学生专业英语适岗适任能力，培养学生职业英语综合素质。
3．课程目标3.1 知识目标通过学习，使学生了解和掌握以下内容的专业英语：I。
公共用语1）日常用语2）日常对外业务用语3）船东面试时用语II。
机舱日常业务1）主机系统①轮机设备部件名称②主机燃油系统操作与管理③主机冷却水系统操作与管理④主机润滑油系统操作与管理⑤主机起动空气系统操作与管理⑥主机运行工况监测⑦主机换气、增压系统操作与管理⑧主机故障排除⑨主机维护保养⑩主机智能设备操作2）辅助设备①锅炉的操作与管理①发电柴油机的操作与管理①空调和制冷系统的操作与管理①空压机的操作与管理①造水机的操作与管理①分油机的操作与管理①油水分离器的操作与管理①焚烧炉的操作与管理①生活污水处理装置的操作与管理①舵机的操作与管理①压载水系统操作与管理①舱底水系统操作与管理①甲板机械的维护与管理①电气设备的操作与管理①电气设备的安全注意事项①消防水系统的操作与管理①生活日用水系统的操作与管理III。
轮机英语听力与会话试题解答
全国海船船员适任证书国家统考轮机英语听力与会话试题解答（适用无限航区750KW及以上船舶三管轮）陆宝成编航海学院轮机教研室2010年3月1日目录第一部分轮机英语听力与会话试题解答 (3)第一章公共英语 (3)五、口述题答案 (3)六、问答题答案 (3)第二章机舱日常业务 (4)四、口述 (4)五、问答题答案 (6)第三章驾机联系 (10)四、口述题答案 (10)五、问答题答案 (12)第四章应急用语 (12)四、口述题答案 (12)五、问答题答案 (16)第五章对外业务联系 (19)四、口述题答案 (19)五、问答题答案 (21)第六章PSC/ISM检查 (23)四、口述题答案 (23)五、问答题答案 (25)第二部分船员面试手册 (28)第三部分轮机英语试题库外试题 (35)1．MARPOL 73/78公约补充题： (35)第一部分轮机英语听力与会话试题解答第一章公共英语五、口述题答案1.The position of the engine room on board is usually at the aft part of the ship.There are a lot of types of marine machinery.The diesel engine for propulsion is called the main engine.Other various machines are called auxiliary machinery.These machines are required for steering, cargo handling, power generation and so on.The feature of marine machinery in the engine room is that it has a wide variety.2.The engine department on board is very important.Without it, a ship cannot sail at sea nor do anything else.The personnel of the engine department include four engineers and several ratings.The chief engineer is the head of the engine department.The work in the engine department is related to machines and equipment.It is to control machines and systems and to keep them in good order.3.I’m an engineer of sea-going ships.I graduated from Binzhou polytechnic college.I have been a seaman for three years.And I have worked as a third engineer for one year.There are three people in my family.I’m single and looking for a nice girl to marry.4.My position on board is the fourth engineer.One of my shifts is from 0800 hours to 1200 hours.The other shift is from 2000 hours to 2400 hours.I’m in charge of the boiler, incinerator, oily water separator and other equipment on board.I have worked as a fourth engineer for one year.And I have worked on various kinds of cargo ships, (such as bulk carriers, container ships, general cargo ships, tankers, and so on.)5.The engineer on duty works for 4 hours each watch.For example, a fourth engineer works from 0800 hours to 1200 hours.He also works from 2000 hours to 2400 hours.He has to keep everything in good order.If anything goes wrong, he has to deal with it or report it to the chief engineer.At the end of the watch, he is going to hand over the shift.The third engineer will go on the next shift.6.I’m glad to introduce myself.My name is _____.I’m ____ years old.I graduated from Binzhou polytechnic college.I hav en’t got any educational degree.Now I’m a fouth engineer on board.I love my job.六、问答题答案1. I have worked on board for three years.2. Now I have a fourth engineer’s certificate.3. I’m single. There are three departments on board.4. There are three people in my family. No, I’m single.5. I’ve been to ten countries.6. I began to work on board in 2009. I have worked on various kinds of cargo ships, (such as bulk carriers, container ships, general cargo ships, tankers, etc.)7. There are two important canals all over the world. They are Panama Canal and Suez Canal.8. Yes, of course. The most important thing for a seafarer is safety.9. I have worked on main engine SULZER RTA58 and generator engine B&W L23/30.10. Our ship is registered with CCS (LR, BV, ABS, and DNV).11. No, I have not worked on any ship with damage in critical equipment.12. I make our maintenance schedules according to the rules and equipment situations.13. Yes, of course. The international conventions concerning marine shipping include SOLAS, STCW, MARPOL, and so on.14. Yes, of course. The usages of the STCW conven tion are in seafarers’ training, certification and watchkeeping.15. The purpose of Classification Society is to carry out surveys in accordance with the rules and regulations for the safety of ships. Some of them are CCS, LR, BV and ABS.16. Yes, of course. Different kinds of ships’ surveys include initial survey, annual survey, intermediate survey, and special survey.17. UMS stands for unattended machinery space. I haven’t served any UMS.18. Yes, I have experienced PSC inspection. The last inspection I experienced was in the port of osaka in 2009.19. In the overhaul of a cylinder, we should pay attention to safety precautions and the manufacturers’ instructions.20. Before entering an enclosed space such as a ballast tank, I will check the oxygen content in it first.21. The minimum safe oxygen percentage for the safety of the workers in an enclosed space is 18 percent.第二章机舱日常业务四、口述1.The difference between the diesel engine and the gasoline engine are mainly as follows:The diesel engine uses diesel oil as fuel but the gasoline engine uses gasoline.During the suction stroke, the diesel engine admits air only, but the gasoline engine admits a combustible mixture of air and gasoline.After compression, a fine spray of fuel injected into the diesel engine cylinder is ignited by the heat in the cylinder.A gasoline engine needs spark plugs to ignite the combustible mixture in the cylinder.The compression ratio of a diesel engine is higher than that of a gasoline engine.So a diesel engine is bigger than a gasoline engine.2.I will introduce the engine room to Xiao Wang in this way:This is the economizer, standing just in front of the door.Down the staircase, there is a boiler.Going down some more, you will find a passage leading to the steering gear room.Moving down another flight of stairs, you will come to the level of main engine cylinder heads.Up from there, there are diesel generators.The fresh water generator is also on the same level.And there are a lot of other machines for me to introduce to Xiao Wang.3.I will introduce the equipment and machinery in the engine room in this way:There are hundreds of machines in the engine room.The main engine is the heart of the engine room.It supplies power for the vessel’s propulsion.Boilers are used for producing steam.A fresh water generator is used to produce fresh water from seawater.An air compressor is to supply compressed air.Steering gears are for the control of the ship’s course.4.I will say something about the disposal of the shafting and diesel engine.The main diesel engine is with a thrust shaft as an integral part.The thrust shaft is bolted to an intermediate shaft.The intermediate shaft is supported by intermediate tunnel bearings.The sterntube bearing supports the tailshaft and part of the propeller weight.Sterntube seals are fitted at the outboard and inboard ends of the tailshaft.5.Medium- and high-speed diesel engines can be arranged as single-engine propulsion.But they are probably arranged as two-, even three- or four-engine propulsion.The illustration shows a kind of four engine propulsion.These engines are connected with a reduction gear.Through the reduction gear, the propelling speed is reduced and the torque is increased.One of the advantages of this arrangement is that compact systems can be used.6.This is an illustration of the structure of a main engine.In the picture, Part 1 and Part 3 form the crankcase.Part 2 is the main bearing housing.Part 10 is the crankshaft.Part 8 is the connecting rod.The connecting rod is connected with Part 6, the piston, through Part 7, the piston pin.The piston is moving in Part 4, the cylinder liner.There are a lot of other parts in the picture.7.This picture illustrates the stress status of the moving parts of an engine.The moving parts are stressed by two major forces.One is the compressive force from the gas in the cylinder.The other is the inertia force of the moving parts.The resultant force of the two can be divided into Force N and Force S.Force S compresses or stretches the connecting rod.And it can be further divided into Force T and Force K.Force K exerts a bending stress on the crankshaft.8.This picture illustrates the shape of a piston head.There are four piston ring grooves in the head.The top of the piston head is concave, like a bowl.This shape is favourable for the mixing of fuel and air.It is also for the free expansion of the head after being heated.The type of this piston is probably a crosshead type.9.This picture illustrates various types of piston rings.The first one in the picture is the section of a straight-flanked ring.The second one is a diagonal cut piston ring.The third one is a kind of piston ring with one inner-side chamfer.The shape of the fourth one is ladder-shaped.And the fifth one is with an oval shape at the outer side.10.There are two different lubricating modes for the main engine.One is for lubrication of the cylinders.The other is for bearing lubrication.The method of applying oil to the cylinder walls is usually by small pumps, known as mechanical lubricators.And the oil supplied is in small quantities.But the usual method of bearing lubrication is by forced feed system.It provides a copious supply of oil to all bearings.11.The basic working principle of purifiers is centrifuging separation.In a purifier, there are separation discs and outer periphery with a series of holes.When fuel oil is pumped into it, the centrifugal force causes water to be forced to the outer periphery.A cylindrical interface is formed between the water and oil.The oil is forced inward and up to the clean oil outlet.By this way, a purifier can remove water from fuel oil.12.The oily water separator is first filled with clean water.The oily water mixture is then pumped into the coarse separating department.Here some oil will separate and rise into the oil collection space.The remaining mixture now flows down into the fine separating compartment.More oil will separate out.The almost oil-free water passes into the central pipe and leaves the separator unit.13. Anti-pollution equipment is necessary especially for ocean-going ships.The equipment includes the oily water separator, the incinerator and the sewage treating system.These devices perform their duties to prevent pollution from ships to the sea.We should take great care of them.We should ensure that they all meet the requirements of the MARPOL Convention.14. The ballast system is used to bring the ship’s drafts into a seaworthy condition.It allows water to be drawn from any tank or the sea.And it allows the water to be discharged to any other tank or the sea.By this way, it can trim the vessel as bined or separate mains for suction and discharge may be provided.We must operate the ballast system according to the international and port regulations.15. The operation of the bilge water system is an important routine work.It needs great care.The discharge of bilge water must meet relevant legislative requirements.The operation must be recorded and reported to the chief engineer.The duty engineer should discharge the bilges before handing over a watch.And the relieving engineer should check the bilge level when taking over a watch.五、问答题答案1. One type of the main engine on board is a slow speed two-stroke diesel engine.2. In an electronically controlled main engine, fuel injection quantity is controlled by an electronic control unit (ECU) to ensure good atomization and combustion.3. Dual fuel technology allows the main engine to run in either gas mode or diesel mode.4. Because a two-stroke engine can produce more power than a four-stroke engine of a similar size, it is widely used on board ships.5. Because in the four-stroke engine there is an adequate overlap between the air inlet valve opening and the exhaust valve closing, the gas exchanging quality is better than in the two-stroke engine.6. The three moving parts of a marine main engine are pistons, connecting rods and a crankshaft.7. The sequence of the four strokes is suction, compression, expansion and exhaust.8. The fixed parts of a marine main engine include the bedplate, frames, cylinder blocks and cylinder covers,9. The operation between two injections is called a working cycle of a diesel engine.10. The foundation of a diesel engine is the bedplate.11. The tie rods are used to secure the bedplate, frames and cylinder blocks together. They can withstand very high tension.12. The function of the governor is mainly to regulate the speed of the engine.13. The feature of the governor is that it should be matched to the engine requirements in terms of droop, load limiting, response time, and so on.14. The crosshead pin is used for connecting the piston rod and the connecting rod.15. The piston rod stuffing box is used for sealing between the crankcase and the scavenging air box.16. The two types of cooling water systems are closed cooling systems and open systems.17. The function of the head tank in the cooling water system is to allow water expansion and make-up.18. The open cooling system is for the circulation of the sea water. It draws up sea water from the sea and makes it flow through the lube oil cooler, the main engine air coolers and the freshwater cooler.19. In the closed cooling system, the fresh water first passes the freshwater cooler, and then is circulated through the cooling water jackets of the main engine to cool cylinder liners, cylinder heads and exhaust valves.20. The central cooling system has two separate fresh water circulation systems: the high temperature system for cooling the main engine; the low temperature system for cooling high temperature fresh water and various coolers. 21. The central cooling water system can keep the cylinder cooling water temperature stable and reduce the maintenance work of the system.22. Fuel oil viscosity of the main engine can be controlled by regulating its temperature.23. The two sub-systems of the fuel oil system are the fuel supply system and the fuel injection system.24. The function of the fuel oil viscosity regulator is to control oil viscosity.25. The fuel oil viscosity regulator works by regulating the temperature of fuel oil.26. The composition of fuel oil includes carbon, hydrogen, sulphur and nitrogen.27. The main factors to be considered in selecting fuel oil include its cetane number, diesel index, calorific value and viscosity.28. The usual coolants in a marine diesel engine are fresh water, sea water and lube oil.29. Because seawater can cause corrosion, it is not used as a direct coolant in the diesel engine.30. The advantage of oil cooling pistons is that there is no risk of water leaking into the lube oil system.31. The disadvantage of water cooling pistons is the risk of water leaking into the lube oil system.32. The functions of the lubricating oil in the main engine include reducing friction, cooling and cleaning.33. We clean the lube oil f ilters according to the manufacturer’s instructions.34. When the pressure drop is excessive, we should clean the fuel oil filters.35. Because the cylinder oil has to neutralize sulphuric acid formed while burning low-grade fuel oil, it contains alkalinity.36. The functions of the cylinder oil include lubrication, cooling and cleaning.37. When starting the air compressor, we should check lube oil, supply cooling water, operate the unloader and close drain valves.38. When standing by engine, we should pay attention to the power supply, the preparations of the lube oil, fuel oil, cooling and starting systems, and other things.39. Yes. That the engine does not start on air is probably because the starting air pressure is too low, or the turning gear is still engaged.40. We should periodically drain water from the air reservoir.41. The function of gas exchange in a diesel engine is to supply fresh air into and remove exhaust gases from the cylinders.42. The function of supercharging is to increase the mass of air charged into the cylinders.43. I will gradually warm up the main engine in cold weather.44. To heat the main engine, I will preheat the cooling and lube oil systems, and start the cooling water and lube oil circulating pumps.45. When changing diesel oil into fuel oil, I will open the fuel oil heater steam valve, open the daily fuel oil tank valve and close the daily diesel oil tank valve.46. When changing fuel oil into diesel oil, I will gradually change the oil temperature, open the daily diesel oil tank valve and close the daily fuel oil tank valve.47. The function of the turning gear is to turn over the main engine before its starting and after its shutting down.48. We use lead wires or the feeler to measure the clearance of the main bearings.49. We use a special gauge to measure the crank web deflection of the main engine.50. Yes. The diesel engine exhausts black smoke because the air supply is too low, or the fuel valves are defective, or the combustion in the cylinder is incomplete.51. Yes. The diesel engine exhausts blue smoke because lube oil is being burnt owing to blow-by.52. Yes. The diesel engine exhausts yellow smoke because the sulphur content in the fuel is higher than normal.53.Yes. The diesel engine exhausts white smoke because there is too much water in the fuel.54. The function of the steering gear is to control the ship’s course.55. CPP stands for Controllable Pitch Propeller.56. VIT stands for Variable Injection Timing.57. The freshwater generator on our ship is a vacuum boiling type.58. The fuel oil separator on our ship is a centrifugal type.59. The function of the fuel oil separator is to purify the fuel oil.60. The oily water separator on our ship is a gravity separation type.61. The function of the oily wate r separator is to ensure that the oil content in the water doesn’t exceed the required limit when discharged into the sea.62. The function of the incinerator is to burn up oil sludge, waste oil and some solid wastes.63. When we pump out the bilge, the oil content limit is 15 ppm.64. Hot work is any work with flame or sparks, such as gas cutting and welding.65. We often carry out water treatment for the boiler because it can reduce scale forming, prevent corrosion and water carry-over by steam.66. An exhaust gas boiler is used on a motor ship at sea.67. A donkey boiler is used on a motor ship in port.68. Generally, I will decide to overhaul the main engine according to its running hours and performance.69. The function of the soot blower is to blow soot and combustion products away from the tube surfaces.70. I will use coarse grinding material and then fine grinding material to grind the valve plate of an air compressor.71. A coupling is used to connect a diesel engine and a generator.72. The most common marine refrigeration is of a compression type.73. The components required for a compression refrigeration system include a compressor, a condenser, an expansion valve, and an evaporator.74. I will fill Freon 22 into the refrigeration system through the filling valve or the suction end of the compressor.75. That the refrigerating compressor starts and stops frequently may be a result of lack of refrigerant, dirty or iced evaporator or leaky liquid line solenoid valve.76. The windlass is used to handle the anchors.77. The deck machinery includes the mooring winch, deck crane and windlass.78. I will drain off air of the injection pump by opening the vent cock.79. I will use a special disc cleaner to clean the disc of an oil separator.80. Before disassembly of the cylinder of the main or auxiliary engine, we should prepare various tools, hoisting devices and other materials.81. We manage sewage according to the international and national regulations.第三章驾机联系四、口述题答案1．Communications between the engineers and deck officers are very important.While they are keeping watch, they will communicate with each other by telephone.For example, the duty officer will inform the duty engineer when to stand by engine, when to check out the telegraph and when the ship will arrive at the port.Before the engineer gives the main engine a trial on power, he will tell the officer.While testing the steering gear, the engineer will report the rudder angle to the bridge.If anything unexpected happens, they will notify each other as soon as possible.2.A noon report must be written every day.It is a table with three columns.The first column is for daily performance data.Here we should enter some data concerning the main engine, ship and voyage.The second column is for remarks of the chief engineer.And the third one should be filled in with the working hours of the main and auxiliary engines.3.Before taking over an engineering watch, the relieving engineer should check various things.He should read the standing orders and special instructions of the chief engineer.He should be aware of all work being performed on machinery and systems.He should check the level and condition of fuel, water or residues in tanks and bilges.He should know the condition and mode of operation of the main and auxiliary systemsHe should also check other necessary things.4.Before handing over an engineering watch, the engineer to be relieved should record all the incidents happened during his watch.He should tell the relieving engineer whether there are any special instructions.He should tell the relieving engineer all work being performed on machinery and systems.He should tell the relieving engineer the liquid levels and conditions of various tanks being used.If the ship is in port, he should tell the relieving engineer the communication channel with the shore personnel.And he should tell him all other things concerning the safety and environmental protection.5.When standing-by engine before departure, we should do various things.We should check various systems of the main engine.We should warm up the main engine.We should engage the turning gear and give the engine at least one complete turn.After informing the bridge, we will give the main engine a brief trial on power ahead and astern.Finally, we w ill ring “stand-by” on the engine telegraph.6.After a period of sailing, a ship will arrive at a port.We should begin standing by engine before arriving.The starting air receivers must be pumped up to be ready for maneuvering.Some control modes must be changed overfrom automatic to hand control.About one hour before engine movements, heavy oil should be changed over to diesel.The starting air system should be drained.If permissible, a test reversal of the engine should be carried out before arrival in congested waterways.7.When sailing at rough sea, the ship will pitch and roll violently.So we should pump up the slack tanks and secure some movable things.The main engine speed may exceed the maximum allowable RPM because the propeller may be above the sea surface.The ship’s speed may be reduced because of greater resistance.So we should closely observe the working condition of the main engine.And we should get ready to respond to any emergency conditions.8.After the ship is in position, the bridge will giv e the order “finished with engine”.At that time, we begin finishing with engine.We should check various control levers.We should shut various valves and open various cocks.We should gradually reduce the cooling water temperature over a period of 8 hours.And we should turn the main engine through 3 or 4 turns at first and through one turn at intervals during cooling.9.The steering gear should be tested before departure and arrival.It should be tested after being repaired.If requested by the port state control officer, testing should also be done.While testing the steering gear, the deck officer and the engineer should work together.The rudder angle should be checked and the system be tested.Any error or malfunction if found, should be corrected.10.Before the trial of the main engine, the duty engineer will ask the motorman to warm up oil fuel, lubricating oil and the engine.The systems of lubricating oil, cooling water and fuel oil should be checked, prepared and their pumps turned on.The compressed air system should be drained, charged and its valves opened.Then turn and run the engine by putting in starting air.After the trial of main engine, the duty engineer should write down the starting air pressure values for each time the engine is started ahead and astern.Any abnormal condition found during the trial should be written down and dealt with as soon as possible.11.Engine room orders are mainly standard engine orders.“Stand by engine” requires that engine room personnel get fully ready to manoeuvre.“Full ahead” means the maximum manoeuvring engine revolution for ahead propulsion.“Full astern” means the maximum manoeuvring engine revolution for astern propulsion.And other engine orders include “half ahead”, “half astern”, “slow ahead”, “slow astern”, “dead slow ahead” and “dead slow astern”.“Finished with engine” means that the movement of engine is no longer required.12.The telegraph in the engine room is a very important device.It is installed on the control console.Its movement is transmitted to the telegraph on the bridge.The bridge and the engine room use this system to communicate engine movements.It is usually used when the ship is going into or out of a port.The telegraph control lever has four “ahead” and four “astern” positions with the “stop” pos ition in the middle.五、问答题答案1If the communication between the engine room and the bridge fails, accidents will happen.2I need to communicate with the bridge before testing the main engine, the steering gear and whenever necessary. 3To communicate with the bridge, I usually use the telephone.4I think that the records of the communications should be maintained because they can provide evidence of operation and references for deciding responsibilities.5Yes, I think English is very important during the communication.6 We should check the engine telegraph before sailing, usually one hour in advance.7 Checking the telegraph usually begins with the “Slow” position ordered from the bridge.8 We should test the steering gear before departure from a port and arrival at a port.9 Before starting the main engine, we should check the various systems of the engine, especially the reversing and control gear.10 We will test the main engine by running it briefly on power both ahead and astern.11 When “Stand by engine”, we will start the fresh water pump and make other preparations for the cooling water system.12 When “Stand by engine”, we should start the lube oil pump and make sure that lube oil supply is in order.13 When I am going to change fuel oil over to diesel oil, I will gradually change the oil temperature.14 That the engine speed rises up by using fuel oil instead of diesel oil is because the calorific value of fuel oil is higher than that of diesel oil.15 When “Finished with engine”, we will shut down the air system, put in the turning gear, open all drains and indicator cocks, and do a lot of other things.16 We should warm up the oils gradually when the ship is sailing in the cold zone.17 The duty engineer should quickly operate the main engine astern when “Full astern” is ringing up.18 The duty engineer will correct the clock in the engine room by comparing it with the clock on the bridge at noon.第四章应急用语四、口述题答案1.I have heard of a case of main engine trouble.During navigation, the engine room alarm sounded.The control room computer showed that the exhaust temperature of No.5 cylinder of the main engine is abnormal.Upon check, the fuelcam for that cylinder was found broken.As there was no spare parts on board, that cylinder was cut off until the ship arrived at the next port of call.I think that engineer on that ship did the right thing.2.Sudden stoppage of the main engine is a serious accident.The problem may lie in the fuel system of the engine, but also can be in other systems.Even reduction gear breakdown can cause main engine stoppage.In the event of sudden stoppage, the bridge should be informed immediately.If the ship is near a port, she will be towed into the port for troubleshooting and repair.If the ship is at open sea and the engineers cannot solve the problem, the ship will ask for assistance and rescue.3.Turbocharger surge can be due to various reasons.One is high back pressure of the exhaust manifold and low flowing quantity through it.Another is the insufficient supply or bad combustibility of fuel oil.A narrowed scavenging air passage is a possible cause too.Scavenge fire can also cause turbocharger surge.Actions to be taken vary with the troubles and situations.4.In some emergency cases, the main engine may run with one cylinder cut off.In this case, the engine must run at a lower speed.The engineer must reduce the load of the engine.The exhaust gas temperature of the remaining cylinder should not exceed normal full-load temperatures.Sometimes severe or even dangerous vibrations may occur.The engineer must keep close watch on the situation.If necessary, some measures must be taken.5.Once a scavenge fire occurs, the engine should be slowed down.Fuel to the affected cylinders should be shut off.Cylinder lubrication should be increased to minimize the risk of seizure.All the scavenge drains should be closed.A small fire will quickly burn out.But if the fire persists, the engine must be stopped.6.If a crankcase explosion occurs, we should immediately take actions.We should reduce speed to “slow”.We should ask the bridge for permission to stop.When the engine is stopped, stop the primary fuel oil pump.And stop the lubricating oil pump.Then do something to find the cause of the explosion.7.I have heard of a blackout case on board a ship.That s hip’s fourth engineer mistakenly shut down No.1 auxiliary engine which was supplying electric power.At that time, the ship was turning to port, using No.2 hydraulic pump of the steering gear.With no electricity, the rudder remained at 4 degrees to port and the ship struck a ship at anchor.The emergency power of that ship could supply power to No.1 hydraulic pump but the duty officer on the bridge did not know that and did not start that pump immediately.I think that this accident could have been avoided if some crewmembers of that ship had had more knowledge about their ship and worked more carefully.8.To start an emergency generator, the following procedures must be followed:First check the lube oil level in the crankcase of its prime mover.Then check the fuel oil level in the tank.Also check the air pressure if the generator unit is air-started.And check the battery voltage if the unit is battery started.Make sure that there are no obstacles around the machine.After seeing that every thing is in order, start the machine.。
《轮机英语听力与会话》教学大纲
03轮机/商贸《轮机英语听力与会话》教学大纲一、课程性质与任务课程性质：本课程为海船轮机/商贸英语专业的一门必修课，为适应《STCW78/95公约》和我国海事局颁布的《中华人民共和国海船船员适任考试、评估和发证规则》而编写的。
主要任务：听力部分：在培养学生听懂基础语言单位（如语音、字母、数字、单词、句型等）的基础上，逐步培养学生在语言水平上的理解能力和熟练程度。
会话：利用教材提供的语言和内容进行口头表达能力和专业会话能力的基本训练。
二、课时分配本课程教学总课时为156课时，航海英语听力与会话(一) 72学时; 轮机英语听力与会话84学时; 具体课时分配参照下表:航海英语听力与会话(一):序号课题教学实验小计讲课现场教学及实验一Unit 1Greetings& Introductions4 4二Unit2Accommodation Arranged4 4三Unit3Visiting Round the Ship4 4四Unit4On the Bridge4 4五Unit5In the Engine Room4 4六Unit6Chatting at the Quayside4 4七Unit7Gathering at the Messroom4 4八Unit8On Deckwith the Chief Officer4 4九Unit9A Day Spent on Board4 4十Unit10Sports & Recreations Aboard4 4十一Unit11Sudden4 4Change of the Weather十二Unit 12Seeing the Doctor4 4十三Unit 13With Immigration& Customs Officers4 4十四Unit 14Going to the City4 4 十五Unit15Shopping4 4十六Unit16At the Post Officer4 4十七Unit 17In a Cafe4 4十八Unit 18Flying Home4 4总计72 72轮机英语听力与会话:序号课题教学时数小计讲课现场教学及实验一Unit one communication 12 10 2 二Unit two supply of fuel and stores 10 8 2 三Unit three repairing 12 10 2 四Unit four taking over the ship 12 10 2 五Unit five survey 14 12 2 六Unit six pollution prevention 12 10 2实操 6机动 6总计84 60 12三、课程教学内容航海英语听力与会话(一):Unit1: 招呼与介绍听懂日常的招呼以及相互介绍的用语，并加以使用。
轮机英语听力与会话第三版口述及问答答案
第一章公共用语口述1. The engine room.(1) Position of the engine room on board.(2) Type of marine machinery in the engine room.(3) Feature of marine machinery in the engine room.The engine room is generally located at the stern near the ship bottom.In the engine room, there are a lot of machinery and systems, such as the main engine, generators, air compressors, oily water separator, boilers, pumps, all kinds of coolers, valves and so on.The main engine is the largest and most important machines. It is the heart of the engine room; it can supply power for the vessel’s propulsion; boilers for producing steam; fresh water generator used to produce fresh water from seawater; air compressor to supply compressed air; s teering gears for the control of the ship’s course. The modern improvement of control systems results in machinery space remaining unattended for long periods. That is UMS (Unattended Machinery Space).2. The engine department.(1) Introduction of the importance of the engine department on board.(2) Introduction of personnel of the engine department.(3) Description of work in the engine department.The engine department is an extremely important department. It is responsible for all maintenance and operation of the electrical and mechanical equipment. Besides the engines in the engine room, the engine department crew is responsible for all of the sewage, air conditioning, lighting, and water on the ship. Without the engine department, the ship would not move.There are 4 engineers and 3 motormen and 2 electricians in the engine department on board my ship. We come form different parts of the country. But we all love our work and always help each other.We work in the engine room every day and do watch keeping in turn. We do maintenance on the main engine and the auxiliary machineries there. We also check the pressure and the temperature of the fuel and cooling systems. When we are on duty, we should keep the machines in good condition and keep the engine room clean and tidy.3. Self-introduction.(1) Your education background.(2) Your working experience.(3) Your family.My name is ×××. I graduated from Qingdao Harbor V ocational & Technical College in 2009, majoring in marine engineering. I have worked on board for two years. Now I am a fourth engineer. I love my job. There are three people in my family:my father, my mother, and I. My father is a teacher and my mother is a doctor.4. Your daily work on board.(1) Your position on board.(2) Your duties during watch keeping.(3) Your experiences.I am the fourth engineer on board ship. My duty time is 8-12 a.m. and 8-12 p.m. My main work is to ensure that the main propulsion plant, auxiliary machinery and steering gear are in good order. The current operational parameters of all machinery should be observed, such as the exhaust gases temperature of main engine, the cylinder jacket outlet cooling water temperature and pressure etc. During watch, the bridge orders must be promptly carried out. Any abnormal parameters in relation to the equipment should be paid attention.5. Watch-keeping in the Engine Room.(1) The engineer on duty works for 4 hours each watch.(2) He has to keep everything in good order.(3) He is going to hand over the shift.When a ship is at sea, each engineer should keep a duty-watch for 4 hours. During his duty watch, the engineer makes some tour inspection of the engine room and put down all the figures into the engine room log book. He has to keep everything in order. When his watch is finished, he should tell the relieving officer the present condition of the engine room before handing over the watch.6. Could you introduce yourself?(1) What’s your name?(2) Where did you graduate?(3) What education degree do you have now?My name is ×××. I graduated from Qingdao Harbor V ocational & Technical College in 2009, majoring in marine engineering. I got a college diploma.回答1. How long have you worked on board?I have been working on board for 2 years.2. Which certificate do you have now?I have a fourth engineer’s certif icate.3. What is your marital status? How many departments are there on board?I’m still single. There are 3 departments on board. They are the engine department, the deck department and the service department.4. How many people are there in your family? Are you married?There are four: my father, my mother, my sister and I.No, I’m still single.5. How many countries have you ever been to?I have been to five countries: The United States, Great Britain, Canada, Australia and New Zealand.6. When did you begin to work on board? What kind of ship have you worked on?I began to work on board two years ago.It’s a cargo ship, registered with CCS(China Classification Society).7. How many important canals are there all over the world?The Panama Canal, the Suez Canal and the Kiel.8. Can you tell me what the most important thing is for a seafarer?Good skills in the corresponding work and proficiency in English.9. What kinds of main engine and generator engine have you worked on?Large slow speed crosshead type marine diesel engine and A.C generator.10. Which classification society is your ship registered with?C.C.S., that is, China Classification Society.11. Have you worked any ship that caused damage in critical equipments?No, I served my job cautiously, and my colleagues were also very responsible. We kept the vessel in safe operation.12. How do you make your maintenance schedules?( Make the repair plan; make the repair list according to theCompany＇s repair principle and instruction book ; prepare for the spare parts and stores )13. Could you list international conventions concerning marine shipping?STCW, SOLAS, MARPOL, ISM Code, and so on.14. Could you tell the usages of the STCW convention?It provides the standards of Training, Certification, and Watch-keeping forSeafarers.15. What is the purpose of Classification Society? Could you list some of them?The purpose is to ensure safety of ship and human life, and prevent pollution of the environment. The famous Classification socie ties are Lloyd’s, D.N.V., A.B.S.,B.V.,C.C.S., and so on.16. Could you list different kinds of ship’s surveys?There is annual survey, special survey, docking surveys, and so on.17. What does UMS stand for? Have you served UMS?UMS stands for Unattended Machinery Space. Yes, I have served UMS.18. Have you even experienced PSC inspection? Where and when was your lastinspection?Yes, I have experienced PSC inspection many times. Last July, I have experienced such inspection in New York.19. What should be paid attention to in the overhaul of a cylinder?1）. Give a “No Starting Engine” sign;2）. Close valves of the oil and water system to the cylinder and drop out the remaining water it;3）. Observed all safety measures,i.e. to ensure safe to personnel,all parts of the main engine,tools used to work on it;4). Mark on all parts dismantled from the cylinder to ensue reassemble them as theoriginal relative position;20. Before entering an enclosed space such as ballast tank, what action will youtake?( Test the oxygen percentage and wear an self-contained breathing apparatus)21. Please tell me the minimum safe oxygen percentage for thesafety of the workers in an enclose space?18%.第二章机舱日常业务口述1. Please describe the difference between the diesel engine and the gasolineengine.The main difference between the diesel engine and the gasoline engine include: 1) The combustion medium of a diesel engine is diesel oil or fuel oil, while that for agasoline engine is gas oil.2) The diesel engine is ignited through compression of hot, high pressure oil/air mixture, but the gasoline engine is ignited by electrical spark plug.3) For diesel engine, the air and oil is mixed inside the cylinder, while for gasoline engine, they are mixed outside the cylinder.2. Xiao Wang is a cadet of the engine department, who just graduated from Shanghai Marine University. How do you introduce all the engine room to him?First, I will tell the cadet the importance of the engine room. Second, I should introduce the various machinery and systems in the engine room, such as the main engine, the generator engine, boilers, pumps, the refrigerating system, and the air conditioning system. Third, I will show him how to operate the various equipment and devices safely, and introduce as much safety knowledge as I can.3. Xiao Zhang is a three-year student majoring in marineengineering from Shanghai Marine University. How do youintroduce the equipment and machinery in the engine room to him.Same answer as question No 2.4. Look at the illustration and say something about the disposal of the shafting and diesel engine.The power of the diesel engine is transmitted to the propeller through the transmission system. The items of transmission system include various shafts, such as the thrust shaft, one or more intermediate shafts and tail shaft. These shafts are supported by the thrust block, intermediate bearings and the stern tube bearing. The propeller consist of a boss with several blades. The thrust is transmitted along the shafting to the thrust block and finally to ship structure.5. Look at the illustration and say something about the probability of disposal of medium-speed and high-speed diesel engine.When the ship is sailing at full speed, it needs four engines running. When the ship is sailing at half speed, it requires two engines running. While the ship is operating at about 30 % of full speed, one engine is enough to meet its power requirement. That is, the ship can be operated with single engine, double engines, or four engines according the load condition. Generally, when the ship is sailing at sea speed, it has four engine running, while it approaches the wharf, it has two.6. Look at the illustration and say something about structure of the main engine. The structure of the main engine is as follows: the construction mainly includes bedplate, frame, cylinders, pistons, connecting rod, main bearing and crankshaft. The crankshaft rests in main bearings built into cross girders of the bedplate. On the top of A frames there is a scavenging air box. The bedplate, frames and cylinder blocks are secured together by long tie-rods. A piston consists of a lower part called piston skirt and an upper part called piston crown.7. Look at the illustration and say something about stress status of the moving parts.The moving parts shown in the illustration mainly include the piston, the connecting rod, and the crankshaft. These are all critical parts of the engine. According to the specific condition shown in the picture, the piston is under compression force, the connecting rod is under tension stress and compression force, while the crankshaft is under the torsion forces.8. Look at the illustration and say the type of piston head shape in diesel engine. Pistons can be divided into two main classes: the crosshead type pistons and the trunk type pistons. The top surface of the crosshead piston can be flat, sunken or convex. The piston shown in the illustration is the crosshead type piston with a sunken surface. It has the advantage of increasing the air turbulence and improvingthe oil and air mixing quality. Its disadvantage is that the cylinder volumetric clearance will be larger.9. Look at the illustration and say the types of piston ring.The piston rings shown in the illustration has the shape of rectangle or trapezoid. Some of them are rounded on the external top or bottom edges. Among these piston rings, No.1 and No.2 are sealing rings, No. 3 and No. 4 are scraper rings, while the No.5 is a distributor ring. Generally, each piston is provided with five or six piston rings.10. Please describe the lubricating mode of main engine.Large marine diesel engines of crosshead construction generally have two systems of lubrication: a totally loss system feeding the cylinders and a circulating system lubricating the running gear and cooling the pistons. Oil is supplied to the cylinder liner wall and piston rings by means of mechanical lubricators. The lube oil to the various moving parts enables the formation of an oil film which reduces friction and wear.11. Talk about the working principle of purifier according to the picture given.The removal of impurities and water from fuel oil and lube oil is very important for the good working conditions of the engine. This is achieved by the centrifugal purifier. In consists of an electric motordrive to a vertical shaft on the top of which is mounted the bowl assembly. The high-speed rotation is a purifier which can produce acentrifugal force many thousand times larger than the force of gravity. After the bowl fulfilled with clean water, the dirty oil is admitted into the center of the bowl, passes up through a stack discs and out through the top.During this process, the action of centrifugal force causes the clean oil to flow inwards and the water and impurities flow outwards. The water and impurities form a sludge, which moves outwards along the undersides of the discs to the periphery of the bowl. The excessive water will flow out through the water outlet and the sludge can be discharged at regular intervals. Thus, the whole process could continuously go on.12. Talk about the working principle of oily water separator according to thepicture given.Oily water separators are used to ensure that ships do not discharge oil when pumping out the bilge water, or oily water from oil tanks or any water contaminated space. The main principle of separation is the gravitational difference between oil and water.1) The separator is first filled with clean water.2) The oily water mixture is then pumped into the coarse separating space. Here some oil will separate and rise into the oil collection space.3) The remaining mixture now flows down into the fine separating space. More oil will separate out. The almost oil-free water passes into the central pipe and leaves the separator unit.13. Talk about the anti-pollution equipment on board ship.The anti-pollution equipment on board ship includes oily water separator, incinerator and sewage treatment plant. Oily water separators are used to ensure that ships do not discharge oil when pumping out bilge water or oily water from oil tanker or any oil contaminated space. They should be used in conjunction with some forms of filters if greater purity is required. The incinerators are used to burn the solid waste. And some biological sewage treatment plants are in use to treat the sewage water the whole ship produced. All these equipment must be kept in good order; otherwise we would not pass the PSC inspection.14. Talk about the operation of the ballast system.The ballast system is arranged to ensure that water can be drawn from any tank or the sea and discharged to any other tank or the sea as required to trim the vessel. Combine or separate mains for suction and discharge may be provided. Where a tank or cargo space can be used for ballast or dry cargo then either a ballast or bilge connection will be required. The system must therefore be arranged so that only the appropriate pipeline is in service; the other must be securely blanked or closed off. The automatic filling of any tank may be obtained by opening the valve of sea water main connected to the discharge main. For operating the ballast system, care must takenwhen we open or close the relative valves. Usually the ballast pump is centrifugal pump, so it must be operated according to the requirement.15. Talk about the operation of the bilge water system.The operation of the bilge system is an important routine work. It needs great care. When the operation of the bilge system is needed, the following procedure must be observed:1) Discharge the bilge tanks one by one.2) Open and close the relevant valves when changing over to another tankaccording to the operation procedure.3) Stop pumping out when the bilge tank is nearly empty.4) Pay attention to the filters and mud-boxes to ensure no clogging5) The discharge must meet the relative legislative requirements.6) The operation must be recorded and reported to C/E.The duty engineer should discharge the bilges before handing over a watch. And relief engineer should check the bilge level when taking over a watch.问答1. Please introduce one type of the main engine.(I．MAN-B&W diesel engine. It is a slow-speed 2-stroke crosshead type marine diesel engine.)2. Please introduce fuel injection process of electronically controlled main engine.( It employs electronic control injection system and makes use of electric sensors to monitor parameters of ME under various operation conditions)3. Please introduce dual fuel technology of main engine.This kind of main engine can burn both light oil and fuel oil used in large medium speed engine.The former can be directly used by the main engine but the latter should be heated before using.4. Why is the two-stroke engine widely used on board ship?Because the two-stroke engine can develop twice the power of the four-stroke engine of the same size, and its thermal efficiency is higher.5. Why is the air exchanging quality of four-stroke engine morethan that of two-stroke engine?Four-stroke engine has an enough overlap between inlet valve opening and exhaust valve closing6. Please introduce three moving parts of marine main engine.They are piston, crankshaft and connecting rod.7. What’s the sequence of the four strokes?They are suction, compression, expansion and exhaust.8. Please introduce four fixing parts of marine main engine.Bedplate, cylinder block, scavenge air box and frame.9. What is called a working cycle of diesel engine?The operation between two fuel injections.10. What is the foundation of diesel engine?It is the bed-plate.11. What are the function and feature of the tie rods?To hold the bedplate, A-frames and cylinder block together.12. What is the function of the governor?It is to regulate the speed of the main engine.13. What is the feature of the governor?Instantaneous speed, regulating speed fluctuation, and so on14. What is used for connecting the piston rod and connecting rod?It is the crosshead.15. What is used for sealing between the crankcase and scavenging air box?It is the piston rod stuffing box.16. What are the two types of the cooling system?They are closed freshwater cooling system and open seawater cooling system. 17. What’s the function of the head tank in the cooling water system?It is used for expansion of water and water make-up.18. Please introduce the open cooling system.( With the open cooling system, water is pumped in from outside the ship and is drained off into the sea after it completes its function. )19. Please introduce the close cooling system.In the closed cooling system, the fresh water is circulated through the engine. Here the engine is cooled and the water is also cooled. Itcirculates vertically to the top where the engine and the water are warmest.20. Please introduce the central cooling system.Central cooling system is based on the same design principles with conventional sea water cooling system but with a central cooler contacted with seawater and one additional set of pump.21. What’s the advantage of the central cooling water system?With less equipment in contact with sea-water, the corrosion problems are much reduced in the central cooling system.22. How to control fuel oil viscosity of main engine?By using the fuel oil viscosity regulator to control the oil temperature.23. Please introduce two sub-systems of the fuel oil system.They are the fuel supply system and the fuel injection system.24. Please speak out the function of the fuel oil viscosity regulator.It is to control the oil viscosity by regulating the oil temperature.25. How does the fuel oil viscosity regulator work?By regulating the oil’s temperature.26. Please tell at least three composition of fuel oil.Sulphur, ash content , cetane number, mechanical impurities,water content27. Please name at least three of main factors to select a fuel oil.Viscosity, calorific value, sulphur content, flash point, setting point, specific gravity.28. What is the usual coolant in marine diesel engine?Fresh water, lube oil and seawater.29. Why seawater is not used directly as a coolant in diesel engine?Because of its corrosive effect.30. What’s the advantage of oil-cooling system?The advantage is the same oil also can be used for lubrication and any leakage will not cause corrosive problem.31. What’s the disadvantage of water-cooling piston?Cooling water leakage can pollute the lube oil.32. What’s the function of the lubricating oil in main engine?It is to reduce friction, remove heat, and neutralize acid condition and so on.33. How do you clean the lube oil filters?( first using the light diesel oil and brushes, then using the compressed air to blow through )34. When do you clean the fuel oil filters?When the filters are clogged by impurities.The difference of pressure between before and after the filter is too big. （滤器的前后压差太大）35. Why must the cylinder oil have alkalinity?It is used to neutralize the acid conditions.36. What’s the function of the cylinder oil?It is used to lubricate, neutralize acid and remove heat.37. How do you start the air compressor?Unload and then start it automatically or manually38. What do you pay attention to when you stand by engine?( check up engine telegraph, clock,sterring gear;heat and check the fuel, lubricating oil and cooling water at working level; all valves in the various systems are operational , etc)39. Do you know the reasons why the engine does not start on air?Starting air pressure too low, incorrect timing of starting air valve, stop-valve on air line being closed and so on40. What should you periodically do for the air reservoir?We should drain water from it periodically.41. What’s the function of gas exchange in diesel engine?To supply fresh air and remove exhaust gases.42. What’s the function of supercharging in diesel engine?To increase the power of the engine.43. How do you operate the main engine in cold weather?I will gradually warm up the main engine.44. How do you heat the main engine?Heat the cylinder water and then start the pump to circulate the cooling water to proper temperature45. How do you change diesel oil into fuel oil?Diesel oil heated to proper temperature and open the fuel oil valve slowly （gradually）46. How do you change fuel oil into diesel oil?Shut the steam valve of the fuel oil , decrease the fuel oil temperature, open diesel oil valve and then close the fuel oil valve.47. What is the function of the turning gear?It is used to turn the main engine.48. How do you measure the clearance of the main bearings?We will use lead wire or feeler.49. How do you measure the crank deflection of the main engine?By crank deflection gauge50. Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts black smoke?Maybe the air supply is too low, or the fuel valves or atomizers are defective. 51. Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts blue smoke?Lube oil more than normal52. Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts yellow smoke?The content of sulphur in the fuel oil is higher than normal.53. Do you know why the diesel engine exhausts white smoke?Water content is more than normal.54. What is the function of the steering gear?It is t o control the ship’s course.55. What does CPP stand for?It stands for Controllable Pitch Propeller.56. What does VIT stand for?Variable injection timing57. What’s the type of the freshwater generator?Multi-stage flash water generator( flash evaporator and boiling evaporator)58. What’s the type of the fuel oil separator?Centrifugal.59. What’s the function of the fuel oil separator?Remove water and impurities.60. What’s the type of the oily water separator?Gravity filtration and absorption.61. What’s the function of the oily water separator?It ensures that the oil content in the water to be discharged into the sea doesn’t exceed the required limit.62. What’s the function of the incinerator?It is to Burn the oil sludge and solid wastes.63. What is the oil content limit when pumping out the bilge?Not more than 15 ppm.64. What is the hot work?It includes gas welding, gas cutting and electric welding.65. Why do you often carry out the water treatment for the boiler?We do it to prevent corrosion and scale inside the boiler. .66. What boiler is used on a motor ship at sea?An exhaust gas boiler is used when the ship is at sea.67. What boiler is used on a motor ship in port?A donkey boiler is used when the ship is in port.68. How do you decide to overhaul the main engine generally?According to specific working condition and requirement of instruction book. 69. What is the function of the soot blower?The soot-blower is to blow away soot and the products combustion from the tube surface.70. How do you grind the valve plate of air compressor?Grind it in the path of “8” shape.71. What is used to connect a diesel engine and a generator?It is the coupling.72. What type is the most common marine refrigeration?The compression refrigeration is the most commonly used type.73. Please introduce four components required for a compression refrigerationsystem.They are the compressor, condenser, expansion valve and evaporator.74. How do you fill Freon 22 into the refrigeration system?(The outlet of refrigerant steel bottle slops downwards, and keeping the cooling water circulating, then start the air compressor )75. Why does the refrigerating compressor start and stop frequently?Because of lack of refrigerant, dirty or iced evaporator, leaky liquid line solenoid valve or other reasons.76. What equipment is used to handle the anchors?The windlass is used to handle the anchors.77. Please name at least three items of deck machinery.They are mooring winches, cranes, windlass and so on.78. How do you drain off air of the injection pump?By-using vent screw.79. How do you clean the disc of an oil separator?With disc cleaner.80. What should be prepared before disassembly of cylinder formain engine/auxiliary engine?Special tools, draining off the residual oil and water81. How do you manage sewage?Drop in sterilized medicine regularly, and keep the blower in constant working..第三章驾机联系口述munications with officers.In order to ensure the safe navigation of the ship, frequent communication betweenthe engineers and officers is necessary. The usual means of communication is by telephone and telegraph. If the communication between the engine room and the bridge fails, the ship will be endangered. The records of communication should be maintained which will provide evidence in the event of an accident at sea. Noon report is also a good means of communication between the engine room and the bridge.Duty officer and duty engineer should exchange information about the time of standby engine, testing steering gear, checking up clock and telegraph during navigation.2.Noon report.Noon report is a good means of communication between the engine room and the bridge. Formally, it should be presented by the captain to the chief engineer or vice versa. But in practice, it is often prepared by the second officer or the third engineer. When the ship isat sea, the noon report should be exchanged daily. While the ship is in port, it will be presented once several days. The noon report from the engine room to the bridge mainly includes the average speed of the main engine, the storage of the water, fuel oil, lube oil and so on. While the noon report from the bridge to the engine room mainly includes the ship’s position in term of longitude and latitude at noon, the average navigation speed and so on.3.Take over watch.Taking over the watch is a very important procedure in watch keeping. The relieving engineer should arrive at the engine room fifteen minutes early. He should check the operation and condition of the steering gear, the main engine, the auxiliary engines, boilers and other important equipments and systems. He should also check the storage of daily service oils and water. If there is any problem, such as equipment failure, the relieving engineer should be told what has been done, any unfinished work, information from the bridge and so on.4.Hand over watch.At the completion of the watch, each member of watchkeepingshould hand over to his relief, ensuring that the relief is competent to take over and carry out his duties effectively. Before going off duty, the engineer in charge of the watch shall ensure that all events related to the main and auxiliary machinery are suitalby recorded. He should tell the relieving engineer the standing orders , special instructions and unfinished work, if any. If he has any reason to believe that the relieving engineer is not capable of carrying out the watchkeeping duties effectively, he shall not hand over the watch and the chief engineer shall be notified.5.Stand by engine before departure.When stand by engine before departure, the following items should be checked.1) All necessary supply pumps running and warming-up system, standby pumps selected in auto start mode.。
轮机英语听力与会话实训教学大纲
《轮机英语听力与会话实训》教学大纲课程编号：E3025 课内总学时：1周开课对象：海运学院轮机工程技术专业课程类别：单列实践教学课程英文译名：Listening & Conversation English of Marine Engineering学分：2学分一、课程的任务和目的本课程的任务和目的是使本专业毕业生能达到A类轮机员应具备的基础和专业方面的听力与会话能力的要求。
三、有关说明1、任课教师资格：应具有英语专业或经英语进修的轮机管理专业大学本科及以上学历，有一定的轮机专业实践经验。
2、学生资格：高职二年级学生。
3、设备条件：具有轮机专业教学所用的相关设备及语言多媒体教学设备。
4、前、后续课程：本课程应在《英语》之后开设，相关课程为《轮机英语听力与会话》、《船舶柴油机》、《船舶辅机》和《船舶管理》。
5、保障措施：采用多种形式的形象教学，提高学生轮机专业英语知识水平，使学生能借助工具书阅读各种轮机专业英语读物和熟练进行轮机英语书写。
四、考核方式和要求考核综合成绩由出勤率、课堂提问与平时作业，期中及期末考试按一定比例组成。
出勤率、课堂提问与平时作业占综合成绩的20%。
要求无故不得缺席上课；课堂上积极回答教师的提问；及时上交作业，作业认真独立完成。
期中考试为闭卷考试，占综合成绩的20%。
期末考试为闭卷考试，占综合成绩的60%。
对所学知识进行全面的考核，考核学生对该门课程的综合运用能力。
五、教材与主要参考书1、《轮机英语》．施祝斌．大连：大连海事大学出版社．2000.6．2、《轮机英语》王建斌．大连：大连海事大学出版社．2001．（执笔：蒋更红）（审核：白继平）。
《轮机英语、听力与会话网络课程》轮机英语听力与会话(轮机长).
3）精讲多练，学生在上课时应专心听讲，对于每个知识点应该 理解，而不应死记硬背，课后要自学以巩固知识内容。
4）加强听说能力训练与专业知识的有效兼容。 5）做好每个单元内容的预习、复习以及作业。
5. 实施建议
5.3 教学评价 课程的考试成绩采用百分制，由课程学习的 日常考核和期末课程终结性考核成绩组成。
4--课程内容和要求
4.3 教学条件 1）实践条件 ① 充分利用学校的实训资源 ② 积极利用社会和航运企业课程资源
2）师资条件 3）其它 ① 广泛利用各种媒体资源 ② 大力开发信息技术资源
5. 实施建议
5.1 教材选用与பைடு நூலகம்写 1）教材及相应教辅资料应满足本课程标准要求。 2）教材应充分体现职业教育特点，突出职业技能 培养。 3）教材内容要体现先进性、通用性、实用性。
3--课程目标
3.1 知识目标 I. 公共用语 II. 机舱日常业务 III. 与驾驶台联系 IV. 应急情况下的用语 V. 对外业务联系用语 VI. PSC\ISM检查用语
3--课程目标
3.2 技能目标 1）能与轮机部其他人员进行必要的日常机舱 业务和船舶管理业务会话； 2）能基本理解有关轮机管理业务的标准英语 表述及会话； 3）能与值班驾驶员进行必要的业务会话； 4）能顺利进行对外业务联系的会话； 5）能听懂法律、法规及国际公约方面标准英 语基本词汇和句子。
3--课程目标
3.3 素质目标 1）具有吃苦耐劳、爱岗敬业的职业素养； 2）具有良好的组织、沟通、协调等人际交往 能力和语言表达能力； 3）具有团队精神和创新精神； 4）具有良好的心理素质、克服困难的能力和 创造能力； 5）具有较强的集体意识和社会责任心。
4--课程内容和要求
轮机英语听力与会话
Listening and Spoken English for Marine Engineers
三、对话
New words： 1. bother 麻烦、烦恼 2. fail 【教育学】没有通过…的考试 systematically [sistə'mætikəli] 有系统地,有组织地,有 条理地 3. quit smoking 戒烟 4. feel terrible 感觉很糟糕； ashtray 烟灰缸 5. apologize for 因…道歉； worry about 焦虑…；担 心… infer from 从…推断(或推论) 6. promote 提拔、提升
Listening and Spoken English for Marine Engineers
42. leave a message for 给 ... 留口信 43. subtitle 说明字幕 47. fare 票价 53. change 找回的零钱; tip 小费 55. on schedule准时，按时间表 59. so long 再见 60. cooperative attitude 合作态度； 61. register of shipping 船舶登记局 64. Lloyd's register 英国劳埃德船级社 66. consult with 商量、协商；consultant 顾问； talk over 商量
Listening and Spoken English for Marine Engineers
7. appreciate 为…表示感激(或感谢) 8. sprain one's ankle 扭伤脚踝； miserable 痛苦的 10. gratitude 致谢、感谢、感激 15. flight 航班、班机 17. heart and soul 全心全意地、满腔热情地； halfheartedly 不认真地 19. for ages 很久；很长时间，多年； attitude 态度； theater 电影院 21. president董事长； 瑞士苏尔寿公司（SULZER）是传质和分离技术的领导者， 在世界范围内为客户提供先进和完整的分离和混合技术。
航海英语听力与会话第三版-口述题新参考答案
航海英语听力与会话（第三版）口述题.第一章公共用语1. Please say something about your hometown.My hometown is Xiamen, it is a beautiful city in south china .my hometown is good port city. And famous for its tourism. Every year there are thousands of tourists coming from all parts of the country, they will enjoy the beautiful scenery. The fresh air and the blue sky. The people here are very kind and hospitable .they entertain their guests with delicious local seafood .I like my hometown very much.2. Self –introductionMy name is Li Ming. I am twenty years old. My hometown is Xiamen. It is a beautiful city in south china. I graduated from Xiamen Ocean Collage in 2006. I have been a seaman for two years. I am a third officer. I like the life on board. My hobby is playing basketball and football. I am interested in listening music and reading storybook. Listening music can help me relax and enjoy. In my spare time, I always listen music on deck.3. Say something about your family.I am from Xiamen. My family is small. There are three people in my family. They are my father, my mother and I. My father is a seaman. He is a captain. He likes navigating and fishing. My mother is a doctor. She work in a big hospital in Xiamen city. She is very busy. I am a student. Now I am studying at Xiamen Ocean Collage. I will graduate next year. I like reading book and playing football. We get along very well. I am very happy with the family.4. Your favorite port you have call at.My favorite port is Xiamen, it is beautiful city in south china .It is good port city. And famous for its tourism. Every year there are thousands of tourists coming from all parts of the country, they will enjoy the beautiful scenery. The fresh air and the blue sky. The people here are very kind and hospitable .they entertain their guests with delicious local seafood .I like Xiamen very much.5. Your responsibilities on boardI work as an A.B. on board. My duty on board is keeping watches and doing maintenance work. Before sailing, I test the wheel, check the navigation lights, prepare the signal flags. When entering or leaving the port, I keep the navigation watch. During the voyage, I steer the wheel, and keep lookout. When at sea and traffic density is low, I usually do maintenance work. Such as derusting, painting or splicing work and so on. When berthing or unberthing, I do mooring and unmooring work. My position in these cases is forecastle or poop. When lying alongside, I keep the gangway watch.第三章靠离与锚泊业务1. As an officer on duty, how do you keep watch while the ship is at anchor?When the ship is at anchor, the officer being on duty, I should comply with the captain’s order, keep continuous listening watch on VHF, and check anchor positionfrequently by GPS fixing and radar fixing. If any ship is coming ,I should keeping watch the coming vessel ,pay attention to her position to prevent the two ships from collision .in case of anchor dragging ,I will inform master, inform the engine room to stand by engine, and inform the harbour control.3. The procedures before arrival at a port.Before a ship arrives at a port, the crewmember should make the following preparations. On the bridge, the officer on duty should first inform the engine room to stand by engine and then call the captain to come onto the bridge .at last test all the navigation equipment to see if they are in good working order. In the engine room, the engineer on duty should receive the bridge orders, and then stand by engine. At last, inform the bridge that engine is ready.4. Describe the procedures before leaving a port.Before a ship leaves a port, the crewmember should make the following preparations. On the bridge ,the officer on duty should comes on the bridge and inform the duty engineer in the engine room to stand by engine .ALL the navigation equipment must be see if they are in good working order, In the engine room ,the engineer on duty must follow the orders and also check the equipment of the engine room. On deck, the sailors on duty close the hatches and secure all the cargoes to prevent them from moving. The duty officer informs the fore and aft crew members to stand by departure.5. Describe the procedures of pilotage.When a ship is arriving at a port, she usually needs a pilot .the officer on duty calls the pilot with VHF, reporting the ETA to the pilot, asking when and where the pilot will come on board the ship and on which side the pilot ladder will be rigged. Then the officer on duty at the bridge informs the bosun to rig the ladder according to the pilot’s request. When the pilot boat comes near the ship, it should reduce speed to ease the embarkation .The officer on duty receiver the pilot on deck and took him to the bridge; the captain gives the pilot card to him and introduces some particulars of the ship.第四章装卸作业2. Describe the procedures before entering an enclosed space.Before we enter an enclosed space, ventilation should be carried out in advance; the concentration of oxygen should be checked. We will be prohibited from entering the space if it is low. In that case, we shall wear breathing apparatus .Some crew shall keep watch at the entrance and exit. The interphone shall be carried to contact others in time .electric torch and illuminating device shall be carried. In the event of dangers, we shall call for help and withdraw.4. Describe the actions to be taken in case of an oil spill on board.If an oil spill happens on board, the person on the spot shall report to bridge immediately and take some measures such as shut off the oil pump. The bridge will sound the alarm. On hearing the alarm, all the crew shall carry tools to remove the spilled oil immediately. Before bunkering, precautions must be taken, such as pluggingdeck scuppers, placing oil removing tools and fire –fighting equipment on the bunkering spot, closely monitoring oil level, ensuring the communication between watchmen and bunkering tanker.第五章航行1. The duties of watch –keeping when underway.When underway, a proper lookout shall be kept continuously .give way to the coming ves sel early and give her a wide berth. Keep listening on VHF 16 .take ship’s position frequently to ensure the ship on the planned courses .stand by to proceed in reduced visibility. Check the navigational instruments frequently to see if they are in good working order. Anyway, various means shall be employed to ensure the navigational safety of the ship.2. Describe the bridge shift change.The relieving officer must relieve the watch on time, reporting to the bridge early enough become informed of the situation before taking over the watch. The relieving officer must read and understand the entries in the master’s Night Order Book and sign it to indicate understanding of the master’s order. He must confirm the ship’s present position. Review related charts and publications, discuss the navigational situation with the officer on watch and check the ship’s gyro course recorder. If satisfied that all the above information is correct, in order and understood, the relieving officer will finally relieve the officer on watch. The watch officer must not surrender the watch until assured that the relieving officer is physically capable and fully understand the steaming situation. The watch is not to be relieved during a maneuver.3. Describe the difference between navigation in a narrow channel and in a traffic separation scheme.Narrow channel is relatively small in width where vessel maneuverability is restricted .when proceeding along the course of a narrow channel, a vessel shall keep as near to the outer limit of the channel which lies on her starboard side as is safe and practicable. Traffic Separation Scheme means a scheme where traffic lanes are separated by separation line and separation zone. It is to reduce traffic collision and improve safe navigation. Vessel using TSS should navigate along the traffic flow direction for that lane. The major differences between them are that vessel proceeding in narrow channel have limit in maneuverability and keep to the starboard side of the channel. But in TSS vessel ought to follow the direction of traffic flow indicated in the appropriate chart. They are not allowed in the opposite direction of the traffic.4. Describe advantages of various tools or technologies for proper lookout.Proper lookout includes but is not limited by the following: visual lookout, hearing, Radar, VHF, Telescope, etc... By visual lookout, the prevailing circumstances and conditions in the vicinity o the vessel can be clearly known. By using Radar, the range and bearing of objects can be detected so as determine if risk of collision exist. According to the figures, you can decide when, where and how to avoid the unfavorable situations. It is convenient for navigators to communicate easily with eachother through VHF. The purpose of proper lookout is to maintain safety. According to the prevailing circumstances and conditions, various tool and technologies are used, to keep the vessel’s safety.第六章：修船与船体保养3. Describe the procedures of carrying out an overhaul for navigational aidsIt is necessary to carry out overhaul of navigational aids. The content of overhaul includes the followings: the daily maintenance, weekly maintenance, monthly maintenance and annual maintenance, etc…. if a device expires, we should apply to the company for a new one. The navigational aids on board are various. We must maintain and test the carefully according to ISM documents: making out the plan of maintenance and test, carrying out the work with all items, and finishing them on time. If any problem is found, we shall solve them at once.第七章事故处理1. Describe the procedures in handling fire on board.First, find out the location of the fire, sound the fire alarms and announce the fire location. If the fire is not serious, take fire-fighting measures on spot. All the crew shall operate according to the muster list. After the fire has been extinguished, the fire detector shall detect the fire again to confirm that the fire has already been put out. After that the fire site shall be cleaned. Anyway, it is very important to avoid fires on board.2. Describe briefly the emergency procedures in handling ship borne oil pollution. Once the oil pollution happens on board ,the following procedures should be carried out .First ,sound the general emergency alarm and repeat at least three times, following by an announcement of the location .second ,inform the master and the master and the engine room.Third,stop the pumps and oil transfer operation, and plug all scuppers on deck .fourth ,under the command of the captain ,all the crew members will perform their duty according to the muster list. Fifth, inform the local port administration about the accident without delay.第八章消防与船员自救1. Describe fire precautions on board.Have fire patrols in all spaces regularly. Be careful to extinguish cigarettes completely. Never smoke in bed. Never smoke on deck except in areas labeled as smoking areas. Never throw a cigarette overboard. The naked light and open fire is strictly prohibited. Never use an electric iron in cabin. Carry out fire fighting drill every month. The fire fighting equipment shall be checking at regular intervals .if anything is found ,it shall be solved in time to ensure they are ready for use at any time, the fire fighting drills shall be carried out every month to assimilate every crew member with his own duties. After the fire alarm is sounded, all the crew shall go to the assembly station. the commanded will call the roll and report the number to the bridge .the bridge will take measures according to different situations, the routine fire fighting work is very important. Every person on board shall pay attention to fire precautions to ensure the safety of ship and personnel.2. Describe the damage control on board.Damage control plan can be found on the bridge on board. Senior crew shall be familiar with the positions of equipment on board and ship’s structure and have them checked. If any damage is found, actions shall be taken. Muster damage control teams. Get all damage control material ready. Determine the location and then necessary measures. Find the leak and try to stop flooding with damage control material. Switch on pumps to pump the flooding water out. Post a damage control watch and check leak. Secure all watertight doors and other openings.. Rope off the flooding area. If the damage is serious, report to the master to abandon the ship.3 Describe the measures taken on board if aground.If a ship is aground. Must stop engine. Sound general emergency alarm. Exhibit lights / shapes and make any appropriate sound signals. Check hull for damage. Sound bilge and tanks. Sound around ship to determine which way deep water lies and the nature of the seabed. Obtain information on local currents and tides. Reduce the draft of the ship or wait the rise of the tide for re-floating4 describe the measures taken on board if on fire.If a fire is found on board. We must sound the fire alarm. Call master to the bridge if he is not on the bridge. Muster crew. Each crewmember has to carry out his assigned duty. Determine the class of fire. Use appropriate extinguishers to put the fire off. Close down ventilation fans and all doors to prevent the spread of the fire. Check for missing and injured persons. When the fire is extinguished, post a fire watch and check the fire area to prevent the re-ignition of the fire. Rope off the fire area.第九章救助1 Describe the procedures of search and rescue operations.Take hearing of distress message. Re-transmit distress message. Maintain continuous listening watch on all distress frequencies. Establish communications with all other surface units and SAR aircraft involved in the SAR operation. Plot position, courses and speeds of other assisting units. Monitor X-band radar for locating survival craft transponder (SART) signal using 6 or 12 nautical mile range scales. Post extra look-outs for sighting flares and other pyrotechnic signals.2 Describe the responses when a person falls overboard.Release lifebuoy with light and smoke signal on the side the crew member has fallen overboard. Take immediate avoiding action so as not to run over the man over the man overboard. Sound three prolonged blasts of the ship’s whistle. Post a lookout to maintain a continuous watch on the man overboard. Hoist signal flag ‘O’. Commence a recove ry maneuver, such as a Williamson turn. Note ship’s position, wind speed and direction and time. Inform engine room. Place engine on stand-by. Must rescue boat’s crew. Rig pilot ladder/nets to assist in the recovery. Broadcast URGENCY message to ships in the vicinity.3. Describe briefly the GMDSS.GMDSS means Global Maritime Distress and Safety system. It will establish communication between ship and shore in time, and avoid and decrease accidents at sea, to ensure the safety of crew and ship. GMDSS consists of INMASAT A, B, C; VHF, MF/HF, DSC, SART, EPIRB, Navtex, SSB, and so on. GMDSS can provide to ships weather forecast, navigation and safety warning, and the accurate position of vessel in distress. In case of emergence, vessels will transmit distress messages to coast station, ant the vessel in distress will be rescued.4. Describe briefly the DSC distress alert.DSC is a part of GMDSS on board. It is used to communications between ship and shore, ship and ship. It is the important equipment to transmit signals when a vessel is in distress. The format of distress alert is as follows: MMSI position, time, nature of distress, and later means of communication, such as telephone or telex. DSC is very important. It is very helpful for assistance in distress, which makes it more possible for ships to be salvaged.第十章遇险1．Send a Mayday message according to the given information.Mayday, Mayday, Mayday. This is MV Blue Whale, Blue Whale. My call sign is WXCP, Whisky, X-ray, Charlie, Papa. My present position is 47o 4’ N, 50o8’ W. there is explosion and fire in the engine room. We have been doing our best in fire fighting but the ship is still in danger. We need fire fighting assistance. Over.2. Send a Mayday message according to the given information.Mayday, Mayday, Mayday. This is MV South Pacific, South Pacific. My call sign is NOPE, November, Oscar, Papa, Echo. I am aground. My present position is 22o 04’ N, 127o 08’ E. We have tried to refloat. But the wind is too strong and the ship is in danger. We need tug assistance. Over.3. Send a Pan Pan message according to the given information.Pan Pan, Pan Pan, Pan Pan. This is MV White Snow, White Snow. My call sign is ALMI, Alpha, Lima, Mike, India. My main engine has broken down. My present position is 22o 04’ N, 127o 08’ E . My ship is rolling and pitching heavily due to strong wind and is in danger. We need tug assistance. Over.4. Send a Pan Pan message according to the given information.Pan Pan, Pan Pan, Pan Pan. This is MV Blue Sea, Blue Sea. My call sign is BERN, Bravo, Echo, Romeo, November. My present position is 22o 04’ N, 127o 08’ E . My steering gear has broken down. The vessel is out of control and adrift. I am in danger. I need convoy assistance. Over.第十一章港口国检查2 Please describe the preparatory work or the daily maintenance work to be done by you before a PSC inspection.I am a third officer. I am responsible for the care of the fire-fighting appliances, life-saving appliances, ship’s signaling equipment and signal flags. Before a P SC inspection, I must ensure that all these appliances and equipments are in good condition and available for immediate use. Prepare these appliances inspecting and maintaining plans, Prepare the records of inspection, test and maintenance of all these appliances.第十二章ISPS2 Please describe something about Automatic Identification System.Automatic Identification System is device that transmits information about your ship and receives the same from other ships. An example of information transmitted would be: Call s ign, ship’s name, the ship’s speed, course and destination. The AIS is an important tool for coastal states to monitor ship traffic and to detect possible threats. Coast stations can also receive this information.4. please describe something about ship security training and drill.On board ship, trainings and drills of Security are very important. Usually the security training is carried out once a month. And the security drill is carried out once every three months. The ship imagines a security incident during the drill. All the crewmembers must take part in the drill. The security officers is in charge of the training. All personnel except the duty members must join the activity. Imagining a incident, transmitting alert, carrying out different duties by the crew, summarizing the above result and submitting a report to company are the basic procedure of ship security training and drill.。
轮机英语听力与会话口语评估练习
口述题第一章公共用语1. The engine room.(1) Position of the engine room on board.(2) Type of machinery in the engine room.(3) Feature of marine machinery in the engine room.The engine room is the heart of a ship. It is generally located at the stern near the ship bottom. In the engine room, there are a lot of machinery and systems, such as the main engine, the generater engine, boilers, pumps, the refrigerating system, and the air conditioning system. The main engine, also called the main propulsion plant，is the largest and most important one . The modern improvement of control systems results in machinery space remaining unattended for long periods. That is UMS2． The engine department.(1) Introduction of the importance of the engine department on board.(2) Introduction of personnel of the engine department.(3) Description of the engine department.The engine department takes in charge of the engine room. They can make the machinery especially main engine working smoothly ,and anti-pollution.The chief engineer commands the department. The second engineer ,the third engineer and the fourth all work under his order. There are also some motormen in the department. The captain is responsible for the whole ship.One of major responsibilities of engine department is to keep the machinery running safely by proper operation and maintenance . Crew members of the engine department should overhaul , operate and maintain the equipment strictly by the rules . We always keep the machines in our engine room in good order.3. Self-introduction.1).Your education background2).Your working experience3)Your familyMy name is… I am…years old. I come from…. I am single. I graduated from GuangZhou Marine Technical School in 2003. I have been working on board as an engineer for about 5 years. In my spare time, I like listening to the music, reading books and doing some exercises. I like my job very much.4. Your daily work on board1) Your position on board.2) Your duties during watch-keeping3) your experience.I work as an engineer on board. I like the life on board. My main work is to keep all the pipes and pumps in good condition. Sometimes I have to do some repair work such as repairing the air compressor or pump cylinders. As my experience the most common problem is the pump cylinders.5. Watch-keeping in the engine room1) The engineer on duty works for 4 hours each watch.2) He has to keep everything in good order.3) He is going to hand over the shift.The engineer on duty works for 4 hours each watch. He shall be able to service allthe machinery. He has to maintain the machinery in good working condition. I am anengineer on board. I am in charge of deck machinery, all pumps, lifeboat, diesel engineand so on. Sometimes I have to do some repair work. When something goes wrong, I haveto check and remedy it.6. Could you introduce yourself?(1) What’s your name?(2) Where did you graduate?(3) What education degree do you have?My name is …… I am … years old. I graduated from …..University. I majored inEngineering. I have bachelor degree now.第二章机舱日常业务1. Please describe the difference between the diesel engine and the gasoline engine.(See Fig. 2-1 and Fig. 2-2)There are many differences between the diesel engine and the gasoline engine. Forexample:(1)the gasoline engine is operated with four -stroke, but the diesel engine couldeither be operated by four or two.(2)The diesel engine is started by compressed air or electric motor, but the gasolineengine is normally started by motor and fired by spark plug.(3)The diesel engine is a large type usually, it could produce much more power thanthe gasoline engine, and it has high mechanism efficiency, so it's the most commonlyused engine on board ship2. Xiao Wang is a cadet of the engine department, who just graduated from ShanghaiMaritime University. How do you introduce all the engine room to him?The engine room is the heart of the ship. There are a lot of machines there. Thesemachines provide power or assistant for the ship's propulsion ,or the power of dailyused for the crew (daily lighting /cooking… ). The main engine which is the heartof the engine room, it can supply power for the ship's propulsion, so you mustespecially to take care of it. The donkey engine like boilers which is used forproducing steam, air compressors are also important. Without them the ship can'toperate. So as a cadet of the engine department, you should be familiar with them,and keep them in good running condition.3. Xiao Zhang is a three-year student majoring in marine engineering from ShanghaiMaritime University. How do you introduce the equipment and machinery in the engineroom?There are many machines in the engine room. The main engine is the heart of theengine room; it could supply power for the vessel's propulsion. There are a lot ofdonkey engines in the engine room: boilers for producing steam, fresh water generatoris used to produce fresh water from seawater, air compressor is used to supplycompressed air … . So as one of engine department, you should be familiar with them, and keep them in good running condition.4. Look at the illustration and say something about the disposal of the shafting and diesel engine. (See Fig. 2-3)The power of the diesel engine is transmitted to the propeller through the transmission system. The items of transmission system include various shafts, such as the thrust shaft, one or more intermediate shafts and tail shaft. These shafts are supported by the thrust block, intermediate bearings and the stern tube bearing. The propeller consists of a boss with several blades. The thrust is transmitted along the shafting to the thrust block and finally to ship structure.5. Look at the illustration and say something about the probability of medium-speed and high-speed diesel engine. (See Fig. 2-4)When the ship is sailing at full speed, it needs four engines running. When the ship is sailing at half speed, it requires two engines running. While the ship is operating at about 30 % of full speed, one engine is enough to meet its power requirement. That is, the ship can be operated with single engine, double engines, or four engines according the load condition. Generally, when the ship is sailing at sea speed, it has four engines running, while it approaches the wharf, it has two in running.6. Look at the illustration and say something about structure of the main engine. (See Fig. 2-5)The structure of the main engine is as follows:（1）the construction mainly includes bedplate, frame, cylinders, pistons, connecting rod, main bearing and crankshaft.（2） The crankshaft rests in main bearings built into cross girders of the bedplate. On the top of A frame there is a scavenging air box. The bedplate, frames and cylinder blocks are secured together by long tie-rods.（3） A piston consists of a lower part called piston skirt and an upper part called piston crown.7. Look at the illustration and say something about stress status of the moving parts. (See Fig. 2-6)The moving parts shown in the illustration mainly include the piston, the connecting rod, and the crankshaft. These are all critical/main parts of the engine. According to the specific condition shown in the picture, the piston is under compression force, the connecting rod is under tension stress and compression force, while the crankshaft is under the torsion forces.8. Look at the illustration and say the type of piston head shape in diesel engine. (See Fig. 2-7)knurled piston圆顶活塞dome head piston 凸顶活塞flat head piston平顶活塞crown head piston(convex head piston)凹顶活塞concave head piston阶梯顶活塞9. Look at the illustration and say the types of piston ring(See Fig. 2-8) Pistons are usually equipped with piston rings. There are different kinds of piston rings in used. For example: In accordance with sub-section shape按断面形状分,it can be divided into the following types: half keystone ring半梯形环Rectangular ring矩形环Chamfer Ring倒角环Twisted ring 扭曲环and so on. By structure，it can be divided into two main types: Scraping oil ring 刮油环, Gas Ring 气环, different kinds of piston ring has different functions, but all in all it including the function of sealing, conditioning oil, Thermal conductivity (heat), Direction (bearing) 密封、调节机油（控油）、导热（传热）、导向（支承）10. Please describe the lubricating mode of main engine.Large marine diesel engines of crosshead construction generally have two systems of lubrication: a totally loss system feeding the cylinders and a circulating system lubricating the running gear and cooling the pistons. Oil is supplied to the cylinder liner wall and piston rings by means of mechanical lubricators. The lube oil to the various moving parts enables the formation of an oil film which reduces friction and wear.11. Talk about the working principle of (oil) purifier according to the picture given. (See Fig. 2-9)Oil purifiers are used on board ship to treat fuel oil and lubricating oil.The oil to be purified is first allowed to settle in a settling tank. Any large particles will settle out and can be drained every watch. After the oil has time to settle, it is passed through fine meshed wire filters to remove any coarse particles （油经过沉淀后，再通过细滤器去除大颗粒杂质）. The oil is then sent to the oil purifier.An oil purifier uses centrifugal force for separating dirt or water from oil. Oil to be purified is allowed to enter the bowl while it is rotating. The heavier components in the oil are thus forced outwards. The solid particles that are too fine to be removed by filtration are forced towards the circumference of the bowl. （ Oil purifiers usually maintain a layer of water inside the bowl to act as a seal for the oil. Without the water layer to act as seal, the oil can flow out together with the particles and be lost. There will be a ring that acts like a barrier between the oil layer and the water layer. This ring is known as dam ring or gravity disc. The most common designs have conical plates to ensure the particles to clump together. The larger particles formed will weigh more and more and are able to be separated from the oil easier.）12. Talk about the working principle of oily water separator according to the picture given. (See Fig. 2-10)The oily water separator works on the principle of coalescing small oil droplets （聚结小油滴）in the water to form larger oil drops. When the oil drops becomes large enough, the lower density oil drops floats up and collects at the top of the vessel. The water remains at the lower portion and is pumped overboard. The oil layer is pumped into an oily bilge tank, which can be pumped out at an oil collecting facility when the ship arrives at a port.The separator consists of a vertical cylindrical pressure vessel （垂直的圆柱形压力容器）containing a number of inverted conical plates（反向的锥形板）. The oily water enters the separator in the upper half of the unit and is directed downwards to the conical plates. Large globules of oil separate out in the upper part of the separator while the smaller globules are carried by the water into the space between the plates.The rising velocity of the globules are carried them upwards where they become trapped by the under surfaces of plates and coalesce until the enlarged globules have sufficient rising velocity to travel along the plate surface and break away at the periphery.（油滴向上的速度使油水向上运动，油滴在捕集板的下表面被捕集，并开始集合，直到油滴长大至有足够的上升速度沿捕集板的表面运动并在四周分离） As the oil rises, it is caught underneath an annular baffle （在圆形挡板下面）and is led up through the turbulent inlet area by risers to collect in the dome of the separator. The water leaves the conical plate via central a central pipe which is connected to a flange at the base of the separator.13. Talk about the anti-pollution equipment on board ship.There usually is some anti-pollution equipment on board ships: they are oily water separator, incinerator and sewage treating system. (1)Oily water separators are used to ensure that ships do not discharge oil when pumping out bilge water or oily water from oil tanker preventing oil contaminated space. They should be used in conjunction with some forms of filters if greater purity is required. (2)The incinerators are used to burn the solid waste. (3)And some biological sewage treatment plants are in use at sea to treat the sewage water the whole ship produced. All these equipment perform their duties to prevent pollutions from ship to the sea. (And we must take great care about them to meet the latest legislative requirements.)14. Talk about the operation of the ballast system.(1)The ballast system is arranged to ensure that water can be drawn from any tank or the sea and discharged to any other tank or the sea as required to trim the vessel. Combine or separate mains for suction and discharge may be provided. Where a tank or cargo space can be used for ballast or dry cargo then either a ballast or bilge connection will be required. (2)The system must therefore be arranged so that only the appropriate pipeline is in service; the other must be securely blanked（安全隔离） or closed off. The automatic filling of any tank may be obtained by opening the valve of sea water main connected to the discharge main. For operating the ballast system, care must taken when we open or close the relative valves. Usually the ballast pump is centrifugal pump, so it must be operated according to the requirement. 15. Talk about the operation of the bilge system.（The operation of the bilge system is an import routine work, which needs great carefulness. When it is needed, the following procedure must be strictly observed:）1) Discharge the bilge tanks one by one.2) Open and close the relevant valves when changing over to another tank according to the operation procedure.3) Stop pumping out when the bilge tank is nearly empty.4) Pay attention to the filters and mud-boxes（油泥箱） to ensure no clogging5) The discharge must meet the relative legislative requirements.6) The operation must be recorded and reported to C/E.（ The duty engineer should discharge the bilges before handing over a watch. And relief engineer should check the bilge level when taking over a watch.）第三章驾机联系1. Communications with officers.In order to ensure the safe navigation of the ship, frequent communication between the engineers and officers is necessary. The usual means of communication is by telephone and telegraph. If the communication between the engine room and the bridge fails, the ship will be endangered. The records of communication should be maintained which will provide evidence in the event of an accident at sea. Noon report is alsoa good means of communication between the engine room and the bridge.2. Noon report.Noon report must be recorded every day. It is a table with three columns in it. The first one is about the daily performance data; There are six lines in the first columns, some of the data of main engine running, ship and voyage are to be entered here, such as the total revolutions and average rpm of M.E. between noons; the speed of the ship; the distance the ship has made and the distance still remains to the next port of call; and of course the ETA which can be calculated according to the present speed and situations. The second one is about the remarks from chief engineer if he has any; and the third is the log of working hours of the main engine and auxiliary engines.3. Take over watch.Before taking over an engineering watch, the relieving engineer should check various things.(1)He should read the standing orders and special instructions of the chief engineer.(2)He should be aware of all work being performed on machinery and systems.(3)He should check the level and condition of fuel, water or residues in tanks and bilges.(4)He should know the condition and mode of operation of the main and auxiliary systems(5)He should also check other necessary things.4. Hand over watch.At the completion of the watch, each member of watch-keeping should hand over to his relief, ensuring that the relief is competent to take over and carry out his duties effectively. Before going off duty, the engineer in charge of the watch shall ensure that all events related to the main and auxiliary machinery are suitably recorded. He should tell the relieving engineer the standing orders, special instructions and unfinished work, if any. If he has any reason to believe that the relieving engineer is not capable of carrying out the watch-keeping duties effectively, he shall not hand over the watch and the chief engineer shall be notified.5. Standby engine before departure.When standing-by engine for sailing, we should do various things.(1)We should check various systems and parts of the main engine.We should warm up the main engine.We should engage the turning gear and give the engine at least one complete turn.(2)After informing the bridge, we will give the main engine a brief trial on power ahead and astern.Finally, we will ring “stand-by” on the engine telegraph.6. Standby engine after sailing.(1) When do you begin standby engine?船舶抵达锚地或进港需要备车。
航海英语听力与会话中英答案之欧阳引擎创编
第一章公共用语欧阳引擎（2021.01.01）口述题1. Please say something about your hometown. 请评价一下你的家乡例一(简单)(1) My hometown is Dalian. Dalian is a beautiful city. 我的家乡是大连。
大连是一座美丽的城市。
It is in the Liaoning Province, facing the Bohai Sea. 它是在辽宁省,面对渤海。
There are about 5 million people in the city. 大约有500万人在城市。
(2) It is a famous tourist coastal city in China. Its climate around the year is suitable and comfortable for living. 它是著名的旅游沿海城市，整年的气候很合适,舒适对于的生活。
The sky is blue and the air is clean. There are many famous spots attracting many tourists every year. 天空是蓝色的,空气是那么清新。
有许多著名的景点每年吸引了很多游客。
(3) The specialties of Dalian is the seafood. There are many good restaurants providing delicious seafood. 大连特色是海鲜。
有很多好的餐厅提供可口的海鲜。
例二（稍难）I come from Zhoushan我来自舟山Zhoushan is a city in Zhejiang province舟山是浙江省一个城市It is a small city with a population of about 100,000. 这是一个小城市的人口大约10万It is located by the sea. It is a famous tourist city. 它坐落在海边。
轮机英语听力与会话5
轮机英语听力与会话三版口述和问答题答案第一章口述1．The engine room is the heart of a ship. It is generally located at the stern near the ship bottom. In the engine room, there are a lot of machinery and systems, such as the main engine, the generater engine, boilers, pumps, the refrigerating system, and the air conditioning system. The main engine, also called the main propulsion plant，the largest and most important one . is The modern improvement of control systems results in machinery space remaining unattended for long periods. That is UMS. 第二章口述1. The main difference between the diesel engine and the gasoline engine include: 1) the combustion medium of a diesel engine is diesel oil or fuel oil, while that for a gasoline engine is gas oil. 2) the diesel engine is ignited through compression of hot, high pressure oil/air mixture, but the gasoline engine is ignited by electrical spark plug. 3) for diesel engine, the air and oil is mixed inside the cylinder, while for gasoline engine, they are mixed outside the cylinder. 2. First, I will tell the cadet the importance the engine room. Second, I should introduce the various machinery and systems in the engine room, such as the main engine, the generater engine, boilers, pumps, the refrigerating system, and the air conditioning system. Third, I will show him how to operate the various equipment and devices safely, and introduce as much safety knowledge as I can. 3. same as question No 2. 4. The power of the diesel engine is transmitted to the propeller through the transmission system. The items of transmission system include various shafts, such as the thrust shaft, one or more intermediate shafts and tail shaft. These shafts are supported by the thrust block, intermediate bearings and the sterntube bearing. The propeller consist of a boss with several blades,. The thrust is transmitted along the shafting to the thrust block and finally to ship structure. 5. When the ship is sailing at full speed, it need four engines running . When the ship is sailing at half speed, it require two engines running. While the ship is operating at about 30 % of full speed, one engine is enough to meet its power requiement. That is, the ship can be operated with single engine, double engines, or four engines according the load condition.Generally, when the ship is sailing at sea speed, it has four enginse running,whie it approaches the wharf, it has two.6. The structure of the main engine is as follows: the construction mainly include bedplate, frame, cylinders, pistons, connecting rod, main bearing and crankshaft. The crankshaft rests in main bearings built into cross girders of the bedplate. On the top of A frames there is a scavenging air box. The bedplate, frames and 1 4 cylinder blocks are secured together by long tie-rods. A piston consists of a lower part called piston skirt and an upper part called piston crown.7. The moving parts shown in the illustration mainly include the piston, the connecting rod, and the crankshaft. These are all critical parts of the engine. According to the specific condition shown in the picture, the piston is under compression force, the connecting rod is under tension stress and compression force, while the crankshaft is under the torsion forces.8. Pistons can be divided into two main classes: the crosshead type pistons and the trunk type pistons. The top surface of the crosshead piston can be flat, sunken or convex. The piston shown in the illustration is the crosshead type piston with a sunken surface. It has the advantage of increasing the air turbulance and imporvingthe oil/air mixing quality. Its disadvantage is that the cylinder volumetric clearance will be larger.9. The piston rings shown in the illustration has the shape of rectangle or trapezoid. Some of them are rounded on the external top or bottom edges. Among these piston rings, No.1 and No.2 are sealing rings, No. 3 and No. 4 are scraper rings, while the No.5 is a distributor ring. Generally, each piston is provided with five or six piston rings. 10. Large marine diesel engines of crosshead construction generally have two systems of lubrication: a totally loss system feeding the cylinders and a circulating system lubricating the running gear and cooling the pistons. Oil issupplied to the cylinder liner wall and piston rings by means of mechanical lubricators. The lube oil to the varoius moving parts enable the formation of an oil film which reduces friction and wear. 三．A In order to ensure the safe navigation of the ship, frequent communication between the engineers and officers is necessary. The usual means of communication is by telephone and telegraph. If the communication between the engine room and the bridge fails, the ship will be endangered. The records of communication should be maintained which will provide evidence in the event of an accident at sea. Noon report is also a good means of communication between the engine room and the bridge. At the completion of the watch, each member of watchkeeping should hand over to his relief, ensuring that the relief is competent to take over and carry out his duties effectively. Before going off duty, the engineer in charge of the watch shall ensure that all events related to the main and auxiliary machinery are suitalby recorded. He should tell the relieving engineer the standing orders , special intructions and unfinished work, if any. If he has any reason to believe that the relieving engineer is not capable of carrying out the watchkeeping duties effectively, he shall not hand over the watch and the chief engineer shall be notified. 1 Last year when I worked on a bulk carrier, I found the exhaust temperature of the main engine is rising quickly. There was a fire in the scavenge air box. The engine was slowed down. The fuel was shut off from the affected cylinders. I opened wide 四the inlet valve of the cooling water. The duty motorman increased the cylinder lubrication. The fire quickly burnt out. In the event of sudden stoppage of the main engine, the possible cause may be the safety protection system functioning, due to low lube oil pressure, fuel oil breakdown, blackout, overspeed and so on. Generally, we should take the following actions: first, we will carefully examine the main engine and find the causes. Second, we will take measures to remedy the trouble. Third, we will reset and restart the main engine. 3 If the turbocharger surges, the possible causes include high back pressure of exhaust manifold and low flowing quantity, rapid change in load, insufficient fuel oil, bad combustion, scavenge fire and so on. In the event of turbocharger surge, we will slow down the main engine, find the causes, and do some remedies. 8 When we start the emergency generator, we should take the following steps. First, check the lube oil and fuel oil levels, as well as the water level. Second, the selecting switch will change o ver from “automatic ” to “manual”. Third, push the starting button, and check the voltage and frequency. 9 The maintennace work of emergency battery include: 1) check the electrolyte level. 2) keep the emergency battery clean. 3) measure the voltage of the battery. 4) measure the specific gravity of the electrolyte. 5) periodically charge and discharge the battery so as to protect the plate electrode. Fire is a constant hazard at sea. It is the result of a combination of three factors, namely, inflammable material, hot spot, and oxygen. According to the material involved, fires can be divided into four classes:. For example, burning light metals will be classified as Class D, burning electric equipment classified as Class C, burning oils is Class B, and burning wood, Class A. In the event of collision, the bridge will inform the captain and the engine room immediately. The bridge should tell the engine room the striking position, damage extent and so on. The engine room should take measures accordingly. In case of engine room flooding, the engine room personnel should report to the bridge, and take actions according to the muster list. The muster list is an important document on board. It tells the crew members their position and duties in emergency situations, such as fire, collision, oil spill, abandoning ship, ship grounding and so on. For example, in case of flooding, the chief engineer should go to the engine room and be in general command.The second engineer should maneuver the main engine. Some other members should go to stop the flooding and so on. Once a containership collided with a bulk carrier. The captain of the container ship decided to abandon the ship since it was in danger of sinking. The engine room personnel stopped the engine, cut off the electric supply, closed the ventilators, released the compressed air and steam. The chief engineer collected the important documents and all engine room staff evacuated from the engine room. 2 11 17 20 21 23 The maintenance work of the lifeboat engine mainly include: 1) check the various oil levels and water levels. 2) start the lifeboat engine once every week, make it run for about five minutes. 3) 24 25 27 28 protect the engine from freezing with anti-freezing fluid. SOPEP stands for Shipboard Oil Pollution Emergency Plan.Its main contents include the person to be contacted in case of oil spill, his contacting methods such as phone number and adress, the procedure to be adopted in case of oil spill, such as the disposal methods, anti-pollution equipment and materials. The materials used for oil spillage mainly include the following: 1) the material used for cleaning up spilled oil, for example, the oil absorbent such as saw dust and oil felt.2)The material for preventing split oil from spreading out, such as oil booms. Oil dispersent is seldom used since it must get the approval from the port administration and may cause secondary pollution. In the event of a man falling overboard, the person who see the accident must shout for help, inform the bridge, throw a lifebuoy into the water and keep the man in his visual scope. The bridge should sound the alarm, and take measures to save the man, for example, slowing down, changing the direction, and lowering the lifeboat to pick up the man falling overboard. First aid is emergency care for a victim of sudden illness or injury until more skillful medical treatment is available. The usual actions taken in the first aid include artificial breathing, stopping bleeding with bandage and so on. Once I saw a sailor who had his hand injured during the firefighting drill. I immediately help him stop the bleeding with the medicine and the bandage. 五2 When selecting the fuel oil, there are many factors to consider, such as viscosity, cetane number, calorific value and so on. Before bunkering, the engine room personnel should make the bunkering plan and other necessary preparations . The third engineer will go to the oil lighter to measure the content of all the oil tanks. During bunkering, the engine department and deck department should work cooperatively. After bunkering, the crew will flush the oil retained in the hoses with compressed air and calculate the volume of oil received. 4 Before repair, the engine room personnel have a lot of work to do.They should confirm which items in their charge are to be repaired. They will prepare the necessary spare parts and special tools. Then the second engineer will collect all the information about the repair items. After being verified by the chief engineer and signed by the captain, the repair list will be submited to the company for approval. 7 As a chief engineer, if I want to receive a new ship, I will take the following items into consideration. First, check the list of engine room equipment and machinery, as well as the list of stores and spare parts. Second, test all the devices in the engine room. Third, conduct the sea trial, collect and submit all the items of non-conformity to the company. 答案1. how long have you worked on board? I have worked on board for 10 years. which certifi cate do you have now? I have the second engineer‟s certificate. 3. what is your marital status?how many departments are there on board? I am married. There are there departments on board. 4. how many people are there in your family? Are you married? There are there people in my family. Yes,I am married. 5. how many countries have you ever been to? I have been to seven countries. 6. when did you begin to work on board? What kind of ship have you worked on? I began to work on board in 2000.i have worked on bulk sarriers. 7. how many importment canals are there all over the world? Three . the pamama ,suez and kiel. 8. can you tell me what is the most important thing for a seafarer.? Safety. 9. what kinds of main engine andgenerator engine have you worked on? Large slow speed crosshead type marine diesel engine and A.C generator. 10. which classification society is your ship registered with? CCS china classification society 11. have you worked any ship that caused damage in critical equipments? Yes, I have worked on a bulk carried that the man engine haved damaged. 12. how do you make you maintenance schedules? It is based on ship‟s planed maintenance syetem and the machinery running hours records. 13. could you list international conventions concerning marine shipping? SOLAS (the international convertion for the safety of life at sea) MARPOL (the international convertion for the prevention of pollution form ships) LOAD LINE ( the international convertion on load line) 14 .could ou tell the usages of the STCW convention? STCW convention established an international standard for the training, certification and watchkeeping on the seafarers. 15.what is the purpose of classification society? Could you list some of them? The classification society works for ensuring th e safety of the crew and ship and protecting sea from the pollution. Lioyd‟s, CCS, ABS 16 could you list different kinds of ship‟s surveys? Annual survey docking survey,special survey, damage survey. 17 what does UMS stand for? Have you served UMS? UMS stands for unattended machinery space. I have severed UMS. 18 have you even experienced PSC inspection? Where and when was your last inspection? Yes,Last month in singapore. 19 what should be paid attention to in the overhaul of a cylinder. 2. Every operating must be complied with the precaution measures regulated in the SMS. 20 before entering an enclosed space such as ballast tank,what action will you take? Check the content of oxygen and ventilation. 21 please tell me the minimum safe oxygen percentage for the safety of the workers in an enclosed space. 18%. 第二章1 please introduce one type of the main engine The main engine is large bore two-stroke crosshead type with turbo charging system. 2 please introduce fuel injection process of electronically controlled main engine The electronies control of fuel injection improves low- load operation engine speeding up given better engine balance and load control 3 please introduce dual fuel technology of main engine This kind of main engine can burn both natural gas and fuel oil used in large medium speed engine. 4 why is the two-stroke engine widely used on board ship? Because the two-stroke engine can develop twice the power of the four-stroke engine of the same size. 5 why is the air exchanging quality of four-stroke engine more than of two-stroke engine Four –stroke engine has an enough overlap between inlet v/v opening and exhaust v/v closing 6 please introduce three moving parts of marine main engine Crankshaft, connecting rod, crosshead,piston 7 what‟s the seque nce of the four strokes? Suction,compression, expansion and exhaust 8 please introduce four fixing parts of marine main engine Bed plate, cylinder block, scavenge air box and frame. 9 what is called a working cycle of diesel engine? The cycle refers to the operation between two fuel injections. 10 what is the foundation of diesel engine? The bedplate is the foundation of the engine. 11 what are the fouction and feature of the tie rods? Hold the bedplate,frames and cylinder blocks together to form a rigid structure.feature the tie rod is long and good tensioning strength. 12 what is the fouction of the governor? The governor can regulate the speed of the engine by controlling the fuel injected into the cylinder. 13 what is the feature of the governor? Instantaneous speed, regulating speed fluctuation, and so on 14 what is used for connecting the piston rod and connecting rod? Crosshead 15 what is used for sealing between the crankcase and scavenging air box? The piston rod stuffing box. 16 what are the two types of the cooling system? They are fresh water cooling system and sea water cooling system. 17 what‟s the function of the head tank in the cooling water system? Expansion and make-up of the water ,air releasing and water treatment. 18 please introduce the open cooling system. Open cooling systemuse similar elements with closed system expect that a drain tank is used instead of a head tank. 19 please introduce the close cooling system Closed cooling system has the engine jacket heat exhanger and circulating pump to from a continous circuite with a head tank open to atmosphere..20 please introduce the central cooling system. Central cooling system is based on same design principles with convention sea water cooling system but with a central cooler and one a additional set of pump 21 what‟s the advantage of the central cooling water system? With less equipment contacting with seawater,the corrosion problems are much reduced 22 how to control fuel oil viscosity of main engine? By controlling the oil temperature. 23 please introduce two sub-systems of the fuel oil system/ Fuel supply system and fuel injection system. 24 please speak out the function of the fuel oil viscosity regulator. By controlling the oil temperature 25 how does the fuel oil viscosity regulator work? By controlling the oil temperature 26 please tell at least three composition of fuel oil. Sulphur, ,ash content ,cetane number 27 please name at least three of main factors to select a fuel oil. Viscosity,cetane number,calorific value,sulphr,ash content,flash point,setting point,specific gravity. 28 what is the usual coolant in marine diesel engine? Fresh water ,lube oil and seawater. 29 why seawater is not used directly as a coolant in diesel engine? Because seawater is corrosive and liable to leav e deposits.to block the jackets 30 what …s the advantage of oil-cooling piston? The advantage is the same oil also can be used for lubrication and any leakage will not cause corrosive problem. 31 what‟s the disadvantage of water-cooling piston? Cooling wat er leakage can pollute the lube oil 32 what‟s the function of the lubricating oil in main engine? Provide lubricating film,remove heat from oil cooled piston,neutralize acidic products of combustion, cleanse hot moving parts of carbonaccous deposits,resist oxidation and wash away wear detritus. 33 how do you clean the lube oil filters? By washing with diesel oil 34 when do you clean the fuel oil filters? The filter is clogged by impurities 35 why must the cylinder oil have alkalinity? Neutralize the acid pr oducts of combustion 36 what‟s the function of the cylinder oil? Lubrication, sealing and removing heat 37 how do you start the air compressor? Unload starting 38 what do you pay attention to when you stand by engine? Checked various pressure and temperatures ,warm up the engine, turn the engine with turning gear and so on 39 do you know the reasons why the engine does not start on air? Starrting air pressure too low,incorrect timing of starting air valve,stop-valve on air line being closed and so on 40 what should you periodically do for the air reservoir? We should drain the condense water and make up the air regularly 41 what‟s the function of gas exchange in diesel engine? Gas exchange refers to the supply of fresh air and removal of exhaust gas 42 what‟s the function of supercharging in diesel engine? Improve the output of engine and enhance its efficiency 43 how do you operate the main engine in cold weather? Warm up the engine and keep the charge air and oil at proper temperature 44 how do you heat the main engine? By circulating the cooling water which is heated to proper temperature 45 how do you change diesel oil into fuel oil? Diesel oil heated to proper temparture and open the fuel oil v/v 46 how do you change fuel oil into diesel oil? Shut the steam v/v ,decrease the fuel oil temperature, open diesel oil v/v 47 what is the function of the turning geat? The turning gear is used to make engine operate slowly for inspection 48 how do you measure the clearance of the main bearings? By lead wire or feeler 49 how do you measure the crank deflection of the main engine? By crank deflection gauge 50 do you know why the diesel engine exhausts black smoke? Poor combustion due to more fuel content 51 do you know why the diesel engine exhausts blue smoke? Lube oil is more than normal 52 do you know why the diesel engine exhausts yellow smoke? High sulphur in oil 53 do you know why the diesel engine exhausts white smoke? Watercontent is more than normal 54 what is the function of the steering gear? It is used to control the ship‟s course 55 what does CPP stand for? CPP stands for controllable pitch propeller 56 what does VIT stand for? Variable injection timing 57 what‟s the type of the freshwater generator? Multi-stage flash water generator 58 what‟s the type of the fuel oil sepatator? centrifugal 59 what‟s the function of the fuel oil separator? Remove water and impurities 60 what‟s the type of the oily water separator? Gravity filtration and absorption 61 what‟s the function of the oily water separator? Prevent the ship from discharging oil while pumping out bilge-water 62 what‟s the function of the incinerator? Burning the oil sludge and solid waste 63 what is the oil content limit when pumping out the bilge? Oil content not more than 15 ppm 64 what is the hot work? The work involving hige temperature, open flames or sparks such as electric and gas welding 65 why do you often carry out the water treatment for the boiler? The impurities form scale 66 what boiler is used on a motor ship at sea? The exhaust boiler is used when at sea 67 what boiler is used on a motor ship in port? The dankey boiler is used when in port 68 how do you decide to overhaul the main engine generally? According to specific working condition and requirement of instruction book 69 what is the function of the soot blower? Soot bolwer is used to blow away soot and the products of combustion 70 how do you grind the valve plate of air compressor? Grind it in the path of “8” shape 71 what is used to connect a diease engine and a generator? coupling 72 what type is the most common marine refrigeration? It is the compression refrigeration 73 please introduce four components required for a compression refrigeration system. Compressor,condedser,expansion valve and evaporator 74 how do you fill Freon 22 into the refrigeration system? Through the special passage for Fron 22. 75 why does the refrigerating compressor start and stop frequently? Lack of refrigerant, dirty iced evaporator, leaky liquid line solenoid valve 76 what equipment is used to handle the anchors? windlass 77 please name at least three items of deck machinery Winch,windlass,derrick,barrel 78 how do you drain off air of the injection pump. By-using vent screw 79 how do you clean the disc of an oil sepatator? With disc cleaner 80 What should be prepared before disassembly of cylinder for main engine/anxiliary engine? Special tools, draining off the residual oil and water 81 how do you manage sewage? Drop in sterilized medicine regularly, keep the blower in constant working. 第三章1. what may happen if the communication between the engine room and the bridge fails? The ship will be endangered. 2 when do you need to communicate with the bridge? when the engine room has any trouble or when standby engine. 3 what methods and ways can be used to communication with the bridge? Telephone and telegraph. 4 why do you think the records of the communication should be maintained? Because records can serve as evidence in the event of accidents. 5 do you think english is very important during the communication? Yes, English is an international language. 6 when should you check the engine telegraph? When stand by engine 7 how do you check the engine telegraph? We check the engine telegraph with the duty officer by answering his order 8 when must you test the steering gear? When standby engine before navigation or maneuvering 9 what items of the main engine should you check before starting? Check the reversing and control gear 10 how do you test main engine? Turn on the main engine by putting in start air and give a brief trial on power ahead and astern 11 what should you prepare for cooling water system when”stand by engine”? cooling water should be at working level and heated to proper temperature. 12 what should you prepare for lube oil system when”stand by engine”? Start the lube oil pump,fill the crankcase lube oil drain tank and sump, and so on 13 how are you going to change fuel oil over to diesel oil? Preheat fuel oil to proper temperature 14 why does the enginespeed rise up by using fuel oil instead of diesel oil? Because the specific gravity and the heat the fuel produced is higher 15 what should you do when “finishen with engine”? Ensure the telegraph is at “stop”,fuel control lever at zero, starting air lever at neutral position , turning gear engaged and so on. 16 what shall we have to do when the ship is sailing in the cold zone? Preheat the oil 17 what are duty engineer going to do when “full astern”is ringing up? Cut off the oil supply,brake,reverse,and then speed up 18 how does the duty engineer correct the clock in engine room? The duty engineer check the engine room clock with the officer on the bridge. 第四章1 the engine does start on air,but combustion does not immediately begin. What is the possible cause? Failure in the fuel oil system. 2 the engine may loss power or slow down when running.what is the possible cause? Safety protection system functions due to low lube oil pressure and so on. 3 please list some indications of a scavenge fire.(list at least three) Scavenge air box temperature high, exhaust gas temperature high, turbocharger surge. 4 if a filter is found leaking, what should you do? Change over to standby filter. 5 what‟s a common trouble with a fuel pump plunger? seizure 6 if a warning of a crankcase explosion is received,what steps should be taken right away? Slow down and stop engine 7 what actions should you take if the exhaust temperature of the main engine is excessively high? Reduce the speed,inspect the exhaust valve and fuel injector 8 what kind of precaution will you take to avoid a scavenge fire? Inspect the scavenge trunk ,blow the scavenge drains and investigate the oil discharge. 9 what kind of precaution will you take to avoid a crankcase explosion? Inspect the oil mist detector regularly 10 in which cases must the main engine be stopped? The explosion of the crankcase, fuel or lube oil pipes leaking,an so on. 11 what is the emergency source of electrical power on board? emergency generator and emergency battery.12 where is the emergency generator located? \ above the main deck or on the boatdeck. 13 who is in charge of emergency generator? third engineer 14 what equipment should be first provided with electricity by emergency generator? Driving motors of emergency bilge punps,navigation apparatus,steering gear and fire fighting equipment,communication system,alarm system and so on. 15 in the event of blackout,what should you do at first as a duty engineer? Inform the bridge and chief engineer,start the standby generator and so on. 16 in the event of blackout, what should you do as a chief engineer? Go to the engine room and take necessary measures with the staff such as start standby generator. 17 what are the three elements of fire? Inflammable material,heat,and oxygen. 18 what can not be used for an electric fire? water, foam extinguisher. 19 how often is a fire drill required to be held in a passenger ship? once a week. 20 what shall a person first do if he discovers a fire? sound the alarm 21 what does a muster list show? muster station, duties, and alarm signals 22 what fixed fire fighting appliances do you know? fixed CO2 appliance, water spray extinguishing system. 23 what can be used to put out a fire? fixed fire fighting appliance, and portable fire extinguishers. 24 As soon as you hear the fire and emergency signal,what should you ensure? We should ensure safety and muster according to the muster list. 25 when the fire alarm is sounded continuously,what should the engine room personel do? Muster according to the muster list. 26 burning light metals should be treated as which class of fire? Class D 27 burning gengrator should be treated as which class of fire? Class C 28 burning diesel oil should be treated as which class of fire? Class B 29 burning wood should be treated as which class of fire? Class A 30 how do you put it out when you come across the fire caused by electrical equipment? In case of the power being cut off,put out the fire by water or foam extinguisher. in case of the power not being cut off ,put out the fire by CO2 or dry powder extinguisher. 31 what will the accumulation of dirt on electrical equipment result in ? Insulation breakdown,leaking currents,possibly an earth。
听力与会话(沿海大副)2013.10.07
航海英语听力与会话（沿海大副）（部分口述与问答题简化答案）第一章公共用语口述题1.Plase say something about your hometown.(1)The people in my hometown are very friendly and warmly.(2)My hometown is very beautiful. The climate is very pleasant.(3)My hometown is famous for tea. The most famous tea is WuLong tea .2.Please say something about yourself.(1)My name is WuPeng ,I was born in 1971. I am 35 years old.(2)My hometown is QuangZhou(3)I like sports, my favorite sport is basketball. I often play basketball with my friends.(4)I graduated from QuanZhou Maritime school.3.please say some about your family(1)There are four people in my family. They are my father ,mother and my sister(2)My father is worker. my mother is a teacher and my sister is a college student.(3)My father’s hobby is basketball, My mother’s hobby is reading books. My sister’s hobby issinging.4.Your favorite port you have called at(1)I have been to many ports .but Xiamen port is my favorite port.(2)Xiamen port is the largest port in FuJian. It is very clean and tidy. It looks very modern.(3)Xiamen port is near the center of city ,It is very convenient for you to go shopping.Xiamen city is a garden city. If you are free ,you can go sightseeing5.Plase say something about your responsibilities on board.(1)I am a third officer on board.(2)I must keep navigation watch or anchor .watch on bridge from 0800 to 1200and 2000 to 2400. During mooring or unmooring operations, I must operate the telegraph on bridge.(3) I am in charge of lifesaving equipments and fire fighting equipments.I must ensure them in good order and condition.问答题1．What’s your date of birth?My date of birth is the15 th of May 1983.2 .what’s your seaman’s book number?My seaman’s book number is 12345678903.Where are you from?I am from FuJian.4.What’s your captains nationality?He is a Chinese.6.Which ports do you often call at ?Xiamen, QuanZhou. FuZhou.7.What is you favorite TV program?Sport program..17.What’s your hometown like?My hometown is beautiful.19.What sports do you like to watch on TV?Football match20.What do you think is the most popular sport in the world?.Football.第五章航行问答11、When would you instruct a lookout to assist you on the bridge?When navigating in heavy traffic area or restricted visibility.16、If the sailing vessel is overtaking a power driven vessel, who has the right of way.The power driven vessel17、 A power driven vessel is on a collision course with a fishing trawler. Whohas the right of way?The fishing trawler21、can you define the very important term underway？Yes, underway means that a vessel is not at anchor or aground or made fast to the shore.22、You observe a ship, during daytime. Exhibiting three balls on the samehalyard.旗绳、升降索What has happened?The ship has grounded.23、What does the abbreviation IALA stand for?International association of lighthouse authorities24、Is it safe to pass north of a north mark?Yes, it is.25、Is it safe to pass north of a south mark?No, it isn’t.第六章修船与船体保养2. Describe the procedures of carrying out hull maintenance.:(1)Determine the items of maintenance 确定维修保养项目（2）Get the relative tools and materials ready. 准备好相关工具和材料。
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第五章对外业务联系一、单句1. I've just received your radio application for bunkers.A. I know from your telegram that you want to take bunkers.B. Here's the application form for you.C. I just sent a radio telegram to you.D. I've got in touch with your agent by radio.A2. We want 20 drums of turbine oil.A. We need 20 tons of turbine oil.B. We need 20 liters of turbine oil.C. We need 20 barrels of turbine oil.D. We need 20 kilograms of turbine oil.C3. Can you supply our ship with 300 tons of heavy fuel oil?A. I want to bunker 300 tons of heavy fuel oil.B. I want to bunker 300 tons of diesel oil.C. Please supply our ship with lube oil.D. Please supply our ship with turbine oil.A4. Tomorrow morning at 9 o clock'.A. Tomorrow 9 am.B. Tomorrow 9 pm.C. Tomorrow 1900 o ' clock.D. Tomorrow morning at 7 o ' clock.A5. Here is the application form. All the specifications are on the form. Please go through and fill it out.A. The application form is in the instruction book.B. All the specifications are in the instruction book.C. All the specifications are on the form.D. The instruction book has some application form.C6. I know that the oil company's oil barge will come alongside your ship at 2 o'clock tomorrow afternoon.A. I'll arrange for an oil barge to come to you.B. You can take bunkers at 1400 hours tomorrow.C. You'll take bunkers at 2 o'clock this afternoon.D. Your company will send an oil barge to you.B7. Please tell me the size of your pipe connection.A. What diameter is your pipe connection?B. Where is your pipe connection?C. How can I connect your pipe?D. When can I connect your?A8. One pipe line is 6 inches in diameter for heavy oil and the other is 4 inches for diesel oil.A. There are 6 pipe lines in all.B. There are 4 pipe lines in all.C. There are 2 pipe lines in all.D. There is only one pipe line.C9. One pipe line is 6 inches in diameter for heavy oil and the other is 4 inches for diesel oil.A. The pipe for heavy oil is 6 inches long.B. The pipe for diesel oil is 4 inches long.C. Both A and B.D. None of the above.D10. Please tell me the average bunkering speed for your ship.A. How many tons of oil can we bunker per hour?B. How many tons of oil do you need?C. How long will it take us to bunker oil?D. How far can your ship sail per hour?A11. Please tell me the average bunkering speed for your ship.A. I ' d like to know the rate of bunkering.B. I ' d like to know the signal for bunkering.C. I ' d like to know the speed of your ship.D. I ' d like to know the tonnage of your ship.A12. We will bunker diesel oil first and then fuel oil.A. We pump diesel oil and fuel oil at the same time.B. We ' ll pump fuel oil first then diesel oil.C. There is no sequence for bunkering diesel oil and fuel oil.D. We will pump diesel oil first then fuel oil.D13. You should give the signal for starting and I will give the signal for stopping.A. I will give the signal for stopping.B. You should give the starting signal.C. Both A and B.D. None of the above.C14. Would you come down to my lighter and take a sounding?A. Would you come down to my lighter and take a sheet?B. Would you come down to my barge and take a sounding?C. Would you come down to my lighter and take a receipt?D. Would you come down to my lighter and take a sample?B15. Would you come down to my lighter and take sounding?A. Would you lend me the flash light to take sounding?B. Would you help me to take the light to take sounding?C. Would you take sounding on my barge?D. Would you lend me the ruler to take sounding? C16. The sounding rod shows 3.56 meters.A. 3.16 meters is showed on the sounding rod.B. 3.26 meters is showed on the sounding rod.C. 3.46 meters is showed on the sounding rod.D. 3.56 meters is showed on the sounding rod. D17. Please flush the hose with compressed air. Don ' t use sea water.A. Please flush the hose with steam.B. Please blow the hose with compressed air.C. Please blow the hose with steam.D. Please flush the valve with compressed air.B18. Will you ask your third engineer to take sounding of the oil barge with me?A. Only the third engineer will go to take sounding.B. Only I will go to take sounding.C. Both the third engineer and I will go to take sounding.D. Nobody will go to take sounding. C19. Would you please analyze these two bottles of lube oil for us?A. I ' d like you to analyze the lube oil.B. I ' d like you to analyze the fuel oil.C. I ' d like you to test the boiler water.D. I ' d like you to change the lube oil.A20. Our ship can take 120 tons of fuel oil per hour.A. The bunkering speed of our ship is usually 80 tons per hour.B. The bunkering speed of our ship is usually 120 tons per hour.C. The bunkering speed of our ship is usually 100 tons per hour.D. The bunkering speed of our ship is usually 112 tons per hour. B21. You should reduce the pumping speed to 80 tons when the tank is nearly full.A. At the beginning of bunkering, the pumping speed is 80 tons.B. At the beginning of bunkering, you should reduce the pumping speed.C. When finish of bunkering is near, you should reduce the pumping speed.D. When finish of bunkering is near, you should increase the pumping speed. C22. Would you please sign your name on the bunkering notice after you fill in the bunkering rate?A. You may only sign your name on the notice.B. You may only fill in the bunkering rate.C. You may neither fill in the bunkering nor sign your name.D. You ' d better sign your name after filling in the bunkering rate. D23. Have you opened all the valves?A. Have all the valves been repaired?B. Have all the valves been opened?C. Have all the valves been renewed?D. Have all the valves been cleaned?B24. Would you please tell me the quantities and specification?A. Please tell me the quality.B. Please tell me the amount and the specification.C. Please tell me the location.D. All of the above.B25. Can you supply this kind of oil?A. Is this kind of oil available?B. I ' d like to know the quality of this kind of oil.C. I ' d like to know the amount of this kind of oil.D. I ' d like to know which tank to store this kind of oil.A26. Can you supply this kind of oil?A. Do you know this kind of oil?B. Can you explain this kind of oil to me?C. Do you have this kind of oil at hand?D. Can you produce this kind of oil?C27. Would you please tell me the specific gravity of the fuel oil?A. What ' s the viscosity othfe fuel oil?B. What ' s the specific gravity of the fuel oil?C. What ' s wrong with the fuel oil?D. What ' s wrong with the diesel oil?B28. Here are four bottles of oil samples, two bottles for each.A. There are two bottles of oil samples in all.B. There are three bottles of oil samples in all.C. There are four bottles of oil samples in all.D. There are six bottles of oil samples in all.C29. Here is the oil receipt, please sign it.A. The oil receipt has been signed.B. The oil receipt is to be signed.C. The oil receipt is nonsense.D. The oil receipt cannot be signed.B30. Here is the oil receipt, please sign it.A. Please look through the oil receipt.B. Please show the oil receipt.C. Please sign the oil receipt.D. Please have a look at the oil sample. C31. This kind of trouble may be caused by the inferior quality of fuel you use.A. The trouble must be due to the quality the lube oil.B. The trouble cannot be caused by the inferior quality of the fuel.C. The trouble may be brought out by the poor quality of the fuel.D. The trouble cannot take place at all. C32. Could you show me your price list?A. I want to discuss the price with you.B. I want to have a look at the price list.C. I want to show you the price.D. I think the price is too high.B33. Could you show me your price list?A. I ' d like to look throguh the price list.B. I ' d like to copy the price list.C. I ' d like to borrow your price list.D. I ' d like to have a look at the repair list.A34. We' d like to get some spare parts at this port if the prices are fair.A. The price of the spare part is fair.B. The price of the spare part is unfair.C. We will get some spare parts on condition that the prices are fair.D. We will get some spare parts on condition that the quality is super. C35. What kind of spare parts do you want?A. What spare parts do you need?B. How many of these kinds of spare part do you want?C. How about these spare parts?D. What stores do you want?A36. If you can 't reduce the price, we won 'tbe able to buy anything from you.A. You cannot buy anything from me.B. You mustn ' t reduce the price.C. We won ' t buy anything from you unless you reduce the price.D. We cannot buy anything from you at all. C37. Have you got the cable?A. Have you got to the cabin?B. Have you locked the cabin?C. Have you received the telegram?D. Have you occupied the telegram? C38. Have you any difficulty in supplying them?A. Is it difficult to repair them?B. Is it difficult to check them?C. Is it difficult to supply them?D. Is it difficult to paint them? C39. Please deduct the discount from the total sum on the invoice.A. Please add the discount from the total sum on the invoice.B. Please take the discount off the total sum of the invoice.C. Please give us a discount on the invoice.D. Please lower your price.B40. You can have them at 30 dollars for each if you buy more than 5 pieces.A. I will sell them to you if you buy more than 30 pieces.B. I will sell them to you if you buy more than 15 pieces.C. I will sell them to you at the price of 30 dollars for each if you buy more than 5 pieces.D. I will sell them to you at the price of 5 dollars for each if you buy more than 30 pieces. C41. You can have them at 30 dollars for each if you buy more than 5 pieces.A. If you want to buy them at 30 dollars for each you have to buy 13 pieces.B. I won 't sell them to you at the price of 30 dollars for each unless you bumy ore than 5 pieces.C. I won ' t sell them to you no matter how many pieces you will buy.D. I will never sell them to you.B42. What discount do you usually give?A. How many pieces can I get?B. How much discount can I get?C. How can I count the amount?D. How about the price?B43. I'm sure to send it on board before you leave here.A. I promise to send it aboard before your departure.B. I can't promise to send it before your departure.C. I'm not sure about when you'll leave here.D. I'm sure about when you'll leave here. A44. You can quote us on these items.A. You can call us.B. You can give me your prices of these items.C. I'll call you again.D. You can go on these items. B45. Our price is even lower than the current market price.A. Our price is cheaper than the market price.B. Our price is higher than the market price.C. Our price is the cheapest available in the market.D. Our price is as low as the market price. A46. For more than twenty, you can get a 5 percent discount.A. I'll give you a 20 percent discount if you buy more.B. I'll give you a 5 percent discount if you buy over 20 pieces.C. I can't make it cheaper any more.D. I can't give you any discount, as our price is very reasonable. B47. I'm not quite familiar with the store supply only because I'm a green hand.A. I do my job with my own hands.B. I have a good knowledge of the store supply.C. I can't supply the stores because I hurt my hand.D. I'm inexperienced in the store supply.D48. Well, the washers are made too roughly, so I can't accept them.A. The washers are up to standard.B. The washers are acceptable although they are not up to standard.C. The washers are unacceptable because of the poor quality.D. I can't accept the washers, as they are short in quantity.C49. Should we order some extra stores?A. Shall we order some stores?B. We need some extra spares.C. We should order some spares.D. How do you order stores? B50. Would you please tell me the quantities and specification?A. Please tell me the quality.B. Please tell me the amount and the specification.C. Please tell me the location.D. Please tell me the validation of the certification. B51. Could you show me some samples of the goods I have ordered?A. I ' d like to have a look at thgeoods samples.B. I ' d like to keep some samples of the goods.C. I ' d like to know the label of the goods.D. I'd like to know the kind of the goods.A52. The pipe wenches don't seem to be good enough. So I have to cancel this item.A. I can ' t receiveeptihpe wrenches because of their poor quality.B. I can ' t receive the pipe wrenches because of their type.C. I can ' t receive the pipe wrenches because of their quantity.D. All of the above.A53. Mr. Ship-chandler, do you have this kind of bulbs on sale?A. Do you have this kind of scales?B. Do you sell this kind of bulbs?C. Do you produce this kind of bulbs?D. Have you assembled this kind of bulbs?B54. Won't you have a try with this chemical cleanser?A. Why not take a trail at this chemical cleanser?B. Why not try to sell this chemical cleanser?C. Why not take a trail voyage?D. Why not try to produce this chemical cleanser?A55. The specifications of the rubber ring may be mistaken.A. The specifications of the rubber ring may be missing.B. The specifications of the rubber ring may be wrong.C. The application form for the rubber ring may be wrong.D. The application form for the rubber ring is missing.B56. The rubber ring we want is of metric system not of English system.A. We want the rubber ring of metric system.B. We want the rubber ring of English system.C. We want the rubber ring either of metric system or English system.D. We want the rubber ring neither of metric system nor English system. A57. We can deliver these goods on board free of charge.A. The goods are free of charge.B. These goods are gratis.C. The delivery of these goods is free of charge.D. These goods are tax-free.C58. Can you cut down the price?A. Can you cut off the passage?B. Can you make it cheaper?C. What ' s the price?D. Can you put down the price list?B59. I've come to check up the repair items with you.A. How about verifying the repair items?B. How about check up the expenses?C. How about have a look at the price list?D. How about set about the repair?A60. May I have your additional repair list right now?A. Please give me the additional repair list.B. How many repair items have been added into the repair list?C. Can you finish the additional repair?D. May I set about the additional repair at once?A61. I hope the time for completion can be shortened.A. I ' d like to shorten the repa i mr te.B. I ' d like to cut down the repair expenses.C. I ' d like to cancel some repair items.D. I'd like to stop the repair.A62. Could you manage to send an oil lighter here by the time of docking?A. Our vessel needs dock repairing.B. Our vessel will be dark at once.C. Our vessel will run aground.D. Our vessel will collide with an oil lighter.A63. Could you arrange to supply shore power and cooling water on time?A. Our vessel has run out of fresh water.B. Our vessel will go into dock.C. The fresh water generator on our vessel is damaged.D. The generator is broken down.B64. Where is the shore connection box?A. Where is the shore connection box made?B. I ' d like to know the location of the sohre connection box.C. Where can I get the information about the box?D. How about the working condition of the shore connection box? B65. The compressor has been repaired and fitted back in place.A. The compressor has been renewed.B. The compressor has been reassembled.C. The compressor is being repaired.D. The compressor is being fitted back.B66. It is impossible to do the additional items in such a short time.A. We ' ll do our best to finish the additional item on schedule.B. We cannot finish the additional items in such a short time.C. We have enough time to finish the additional items.D. We have to finish the additional items in such a short time. B67. We will refuse to accept it if your work remains unimproved.A. We will improve the workmanship.B. We will not accept it unless your work is improved.C. We will not accept it though your work is improved.D. We will accept it though your work remains unimproved.B68. There is no need for overtime work, I think.A. It is necessary to do some overtime work.B. I don ' t think we should do some overtime work.C. We need some additional jobs.D. We cannot do the additional items.B69. When did your ship pass her last special survey?A. When did your ship dock last time?B. When was your ship launched?C. When was the last special survey carried out?D. When did your ship reach the last port of call?C70. Do you have a list of the electric circuit diagram?A. Please show me the telegram.B. Please show me the electrical generator.C. Please show me the emergency battery.D. Please show me the list of the electric circuit diagram.D71. I want to know about the repair work you did before.A. Tell me the repair work you did before.B. Tell me the kind of fuel oil you used.C. Tell me the amount of fuel oil the ship consumed.D. Tell me the machines that need repairing.A72. Please give me the engine room log book for reference.A. Please show me the engine room.B. Please give the oil record book for reference.C. Please tell me the condition of the main engine.D. Please show me the engine room log book.D73. Could you tell the daily consumption of fuel oil?A. How many tons of fuel oil does the ship consume every day?B. How many kinds of fuel oil does the ship consume?C. How many tons of fuel oil does the ship take?D. How often do you bunker the oil?A74. What kind of fuel oil do you use for the main engine?A. I ' d like to know the consumption of fuel oil.B. I ' d like to know the shtoarge of fuel oil.C. I ' d like to know the storage of fuel oil.D. I ' d like to know the kind of fuel oil for the main engine.D75. Please check up how much fuel oil and diesel oil are left in the tanks, and put down the figures on the protocol.A. The amount of fuel oil remained need checking.B. The quantity of diesel oil remained need checking.C. Both A and B.D. None of the above.76. Could you tell me how much water your fresh water generator can distill per day?A. How many tons of water can your fresh water generator produce each day?B. How many tons of cooling water does your generator need everyday?C. How many tons of fresh water does your ship consume each day?D. How many tons of water does your ship take every time?A77. Could you tell me how much water your fresh water generator can distill per day?A. What ' s the capacity of your fresh water generator?B. What ' s the capacity of your fresh water tanks?C. What ' s the capacity of your generator?D. None of the above.A78. How about the main engine?A. I want to know the location of the main engine.B. I want to repair the main engine.C. I want to know the working condition of the main engine.D. I want to know the way to the main engine.C79. Would you please tell me something about this installation?A. I ' d like to know something about this installation.B. I ' d like to run the installation.C. I ' d like to repair the installation.D. I 'd likoe ktnow how to install the equipment.A80. Have you got any test report on hand?A. Is the test satisfactory?B. How about the test?C. Has the test passed?D. Is any test report available?D81. When will the air compressor be assembled?A. I ' d like to know the running condition of the air compressor.B. I ' d like to know the time of assembling the air compressor.C. I ' d like to know the time of repairing the air compressor.D. I ' d like to have a lkooat the air compressor.B82. What time are you going to carry out the trial?A. How long will the trial be kept?B. When will the trial be carried out?C. When will the tree be sent on board?D. How about carry out the trial?83. The trial proves that the main engine performs satisfactorily. But the turbocharger vibrates too violently.A. The trial is perfect.B. The trial is failed.C. The trial has reflected something.D. The trial is nonsense.C84. The arrangement must be altered to meet the new requirements.A. There are some new requirements.B. The arrangement should be changed.C. Both A and B.D. None of the above.C85. I suggest that you should get more hands to do the job.A. Please assign more people to do the job.B. Pay attention to your hands.C. Please do the job in person.D. Show me your hands.A86. You must have our approval before you make an alteration in the plan.A. You must have our approval after you make an alteration in the plan.B. You cannot make an alteration in the plan after you get our approval.C. You cannot make an alteration in the plan before you get our approval.D. You cannot make an alteration in the plan at all.C87. Your suggestion sounds reasonable.A. What you suggest is nonsense.B. What you suggest just is a sound.C. What you suggest is right.D. What you suggest is wrong. C88. Wind the coil as the exit one.A. Wind the coil according to our requirement.B. Wind the coil according your interest.C. Wind the coil according to the exist one.D. Wind the coil according to the regulation of CCS. C89. Wash the inner part with soda solution.A. The inner part should be washed with hydrochloric acid solution.B. The inner part should be washed with acid solution.C. The inner part should be washed with soda solution.D. The inner part should be washed with sea water. C90. The impeller of the sea water pump is unevenly worn out.A. The impeller of the fresh water pump is worn out.B. The impeller of the sea water pump is uneven.C. The impeller of the sea water pump is cracked.D. The impeller of the sea water pump is worn out. D91. Transport the crosshead pin to work shop for repair, please.A. Transport the crosshead to workshop.B. Send the crosshead pin to workshop assembling.C. Move the crosshead pin to workshop for repair.D. Repair the crosshead on the spot. C92. You can use a pneumatic impact wrench to loosen the nut.A. Loosen the nut with hydraulic tools.B. Loosen the nut with a pneumatic impact wrench.C. Tight the nut with a pneumatic impact wrench.D. Tight the nut with hydraulic tools.B93. The nuts are to be un-tightened before repair.A. The nuts should be tightened before repair.B. The nuts should be tightened after repair.C. The nuts should be un-tightened before repair.D. The nuts should be un-tightened after repair. C94. Treat the piston rings according to the instruction book.A. The piston rings should be handled according to our requirement.B. The piston rings should be handled as the existing one.C. The piston rings should be handled as the chief engineers instruction.D. The piston rings should be treated as the instruction book. D95. I don 't think it is necessary to draw a sketch.A. A sketch must be drawn.B. A sketch needs to be drawn.C. Drawing a sketch is needless.D. Drawing a sketch is necessary.C96. All paints the shipyard needs are to be supplied by ship.A. The shipyard will supply all paints.B. The ship-chandler will supply all paints.C. The ship will supply all paints.D. The barge will supply all paints.C97. Could you please give me the brand of oil used in the pump?A. Please give me the pump.B. Please give me the oil.C. Please give me the brake.D. None of the above.D98. The safety valves should be sealed in the presence of C/E and surveyor.A. The safety valves should be sealed when chief engineer is on the spot.B. The safety valves should be sealed when surveyor is on the spot.C. The safety valves should be sealed when both chief engineer and surveyor are on the spot.D. The safety valves should be sealed in the presence of PSCO.C99. The cooling pipe has to be annealed after welding.A. The cooling pipe has to be welded after annealing.B. The cooling pipe has to be annealed before welding.C. The cooling pipe has to be heated before welding.D. The cooling pipe must be annealed after welding.D100. The pipe should be blown with compressed air after being welded.A. The pipe should be welded up after cleaning.B. The pipe should be welded up after blowing.C. The pipe should be cleaned with water after being welded.D. The pipe needs blowing with compressed air after being welded.D101. The load test should be carried out on completion.A. The load test should be carried out when starting.B. The load test should be often carried out during the course.C. The load test should be carried out at the end.D. The load test should not be carried out at all.C102. Check the crankshaft deflections before and after repair.A. The crankshaft deflections only need to be checked before repair.B. The crankshaft deflections only need to be checked after repair.C. The crankshaft deflections need to be checked before and after repair.D. Please check the crankshaft deflections when carrying out repairs. C103. When will you complete the repair job?A. When will you start to do the repair job?B. When will you set about the repair job?C. What time can you finish the repair job?D. What time can you complete the test? C104. Grind the crosshead pins if they are found oval more than 0.25mm.A. The crosshead pins should be ground over 0.05 mm.B. The crosshead pins should not be ground over 0.05 mm.C. The crosshead pins should be ground if they are found excessively oval.D. The crosshead pins should be ground if they are too rough. C105. I 've come on board to carry out the damage survey for the claim of guarantee repair.A. I ' ve come on board to claim damages.B. I ' ve come on board to carry out the repair.C. I ' ve come on board to carry out the damage survey.D. I ' ve come on board to supply the stores. C106. Whether we'll have the oil samples analyzed will be decided after the survey.A. We ' ll have the oil samples analyzed after the survey.B. We ' ll have the oil samples analyzed before the survey.C. Whether we ' ll have the oil samples analyzed hasn ' t been decided.D. We have decided to have the oil sample analyzed. C107. The current repair of your vessel is near the end.A. The current repair is finished.B. The current repair is just begun.。