广东省东莞市四海教育集团(东莞片区)七校联考2019-2020第一学期第一阶段考查九年级数学考试试卷
2023-2024学年广东省东莞市七校高一上学期期中联考英语试题
2023-2024学年广东省东莞市七校高一上学期期中联考英语试题听下面一段较长对话,回答下面小题。
1. Who is the man probably?A.A reporter. B.A teacher. C.A student.2. How many schools in Ireland have signed up to start the Chinese course?A.About 20. B.About 50. C.About 70.听下面一段较长对话,回答下面小题。
3. How did the man feel about the job in China?A.Surprised. B.Bored. C.Satisfied.4. What did the man learn to do?A.Make right decisions. B.Get on with people. C.Deal with stress.5. What did the woman finally decide to major in?A.Marketing. B.Mechanical engineering. C.Hotel management.听下面一段独白。
请从所听到的内容中获取必要的信息,填入空格中。
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What Famous Women in History AchievedAmelia Ear hart, 1920sIn 1928, Ear hart was the first female pilot to fly across the Atlantic Ocean. She was also the 16th woman to be issued with a pilot’s license ah (执照) She mysteriously disappeared during a flight in 1937, and was pronounced leg ally dead two years later.Eleanor Roosevelt, 1930sWhen her husband Franklin De la no Roosevelt took office, Eleanor didn’t just stand by-she changed the role of the first lady, supporting for human rights, women’s rights, and children’s education. She went on to become chair of t he UN’s Human Rights Commission in 1945.Rose Parks, 1950sBack in the 1950s, the rule in Montgomery, A lab a ma, was that if a bus became full, the seats at the front would be given to white passengers. Parks, a leader in the local NAACP and the civil rights movement, refused to give up her seat. Her willingness not to observe the rule helped to clue the Montgomery boycott (联合抵制) and other efforts to end segregation (种族隔离) in America. Amy Tan, 1980sTan was the author of the book The Joy Luck Club, which “explored the relationship between Chinese women and their Chinese-American daughters”. The novel came out in 1989 and it was the longest-running New York Times best-sellers at the same year. The novel has been translated into 25 different languages since it first came out.11. Whose career was related to flying?A.Amy Tan’s.B.Eleanor Roosevelt’s.C.Rose parks. D.Amelia Ear hart’s.12. What did Eleanor Roosevelt and rose Parks have in common?A.Both worked for the UN. B.Both were African-Americans.C.Both fought for human rights. D.Both used to be the first lady of America.13. When did the novel The Joy Luck Club come out?A.In 1928. B.In 1945.C.In 1950. D.In 1989.George Turner, 48, owner of Penuel Bicycles in Inglewood, California, talks with respect about his childhood BMX dirt bike. “I was mad keen on cycling.” he says. “I did whatever it took to get on that bike, as long as I was home before dark.” Home meant housework, homework and annoying brothers. But a bike meant escapes.In 2010, George transformed his childhood love into a livelihood, and opened his bicycle shop, Penuel Bicycles. The shop fulfilled a lifelong dream. Before that, he had worked for years delivering boxes for FedEx while selling bike accessories online.“Bicycles kept me out of trouble,” George remembers. “They were part of my life.” He figured that was still true for kids when he opened Penuel Bicycles. George expected parents to crowd inside, eager to buy shiny new bikes for their kids. He looked forward to helping boys and girls discover the joy of riding — and stay out of trouble — just as he had.None of that happened, however.George found that kids these days lead a different life. Usually, they don’t want a bike for their birthday. And most of them ever don’t know how to ride a bike. Instead of getting out and riding, they pr efer spending their time on their phones indoors. As kids don’t ride, it is impossible that parents crowd in his shop to buy new bikes. Nine years after opening his Penuel Bicycles, George feared that he had to close the shop.Then in 2020, the coronavirus pandemic swept the nation. Surprisingly, the pandemic saved George’s business. During the pandemic, many American people found that cycling was a good way to exercise and also a safe way to get around. The demand for new bikes kept growing and people in G eorge’s neighborhood pulled out their old bikes and wheeled them to Penuel Bicycles to get repaired. Now he is trying his best to meet his customers’ needs and hopes that his customers can really discover the joy of riding.14. What did the bike mean to George in his childhood?A.Taking up sports. B.Getting away from daily routine.C.A precious birthday gift. D.A convenient vehicle.15. What is George’s lifelong dream?A.Making a big fortune. B.Being a member of FedEx.C.Opening his own bicycle shop. D.Helping people pursue riding pleasure. 16. Why was George’s bike business once in a tough situation?A.The lifestyle of kids changed. B.He wasn’t good at management.C.Bikes were not as charming as before. D.His business was affected by thepandemic.17. What’s the best title of the passage?A.Joy of Wheel B.Passion for ExerciseC.Improvement of Bike Business D.Increasing Demand for New BikesHigh school students perform better on tests if they are in a classroom with a view(视野)of a green space, instead of a windowless room or a room with a view of built-up space, according to research from the University of Illinois Department of Landscape Architecture.“It is the first to show a relationship between studying with a green view and students performance,said William Sullivan head of the research team. It’s a significant finding that if you have a green view outside your window, you’ ll do better on tests.”Sullivan hopes the results of their research will lead to policy(政策)changes. Changes in school design,for example“would be a much better thing than any of the things we spend money on in secondary education today ,Sullivan said.The research included 94 students at five central Illinois high schools Students were randomly assigned(随机分配)to one of three kinds of classrooms-windowless, with a window looking out onto built-up space, or with a window looking out onto green space. Each kind of classroom had a similar size and layout. The students took part in one-on-one experiments in which they did 30minutes of activities that included a proofreading exercise, a speech and a math exercise. Following the activities the students were given an attention test which asked them to repeat a series of(一连串)numbers.The findings: Students did better on both study activities and the attention test if they were in a classroom with a green view ,Sullivan said.The researchers suggest their findings can help planners and policymakers improve students' well-being and learning. For example planners can choose sites for new schools that already have trees and other vegetation, or they can plant many trees on the site;architects( 建筑师) can design classroom, dining room and hallway windows so they look onto green spaces.18. What did the study find out about high school students?A.They like to have green plants in their classrooms.B.They will get better grades when studying in different classrooms.C.Changes in school design will influence their attitudes towards teachers.D.A green view through a classroom window can improve their performance.19. What does the underlined word“ significant”in paragraph 2 mean?A.Traditional. B.Important. C.Necessary. D.Early.20. What is paragraph 3 mainly about?A.How the study was carried out. B.Why the study was different.C.The purpose of the study . D.The result of the study.21. What do the researchers think of the study?A.It has drawn public attention to education.B.It can play a guiding role in school planning.C.It has encouraged students to get close to nature.D.It needs more support from high school teachers.Scientists say they have developed a system that uses machine learning to predict when and where lightning will strike. Researchers report the system is able to predict lightning strikes up to 30 minutes before they happen within a 30-kilometer area. Lightning is a strong burst of electricity in the atmosphere. Since it carries an extremely powerful electrical charge, it can cause very deadly results. European researchers have estimated that between 6,000 and 24,000 people are killed by lightning worldwide each year. For this reason, climate scientists have long sought to develop methods to predict lightning.The system tested in the experiments uses a combination of data from weather stations and machine learning methods. The researchers developed a prediction model that was trained to recognize weather conditions that were likely to cause lightning.The model was created with data collected over a 12-year period from 12 Swiss weather stations in cities and mountain areas. The data, related to four main surface conditions: air pressure, air temperature, relative humidity (湿度) and wind speed, was placed into a unique machine learning algorithm (算法), which compared it to records of lightning strikes. Researchers say the algorithm was then able to learn the conditions under which lightning happens.The researchers test-ran the system several times. They found that the system made predictions that proved correct almost 80 percent of the time. “It can now be used anywhere,” the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology said in a statement.The researchers plan to keep developing the technology in partnership with a European effort that aims to create a lightning protection program. The effort is called the European Laser Lightning Rod project. Scientists working on the project are experimenting with a laser technology that could someday control lightning activity, transferring lightning charges from clouds to the ground. They hope that such technology can one day be used as protection against lightning strikes. Possible uses could be at stations, airports or places where large crowds gather.22. Why was the system developed?A.To keep track of lightning deaths.B.To meet people’s curiosity about lightning.C.To protect people from lightning strikes.D.To take advantage of the energy of lightning.23. What is special about the system?A.It collects data samples from around the world.B.It involves the use of a machine learning algorithm.C.It was test-run several times before being put into use.D.Its success owes greatly to a European effort.24. What will the researchers do in the next stage?A.Prevent the formation of lightning. B.Get lightning striking under control.C.Inspire the study of a laser technology. D.Raise the accuracy of lightningprediction.25. What can be a suitable title for the text?A.A system of Controlling Lightning B.A Theory of Employing LightningC.A Method of Forecasting Lightning D.A Model of Creating LightningFour habits to live a happier lifeHaving a happier life is something we all always struggle for,and being happy includes so many aspects—mental,physical and spiritual—of our lives.One of the key principles of having a happier life is to always do things that bring us happiness. 26Consider the following habits to improve your life and make it as happy as you possibly can. Praise others.Be kind to others,like praising them. 27 Don't be afraid to tell people how great they look,or how awesome their smile is.It'll do them good,and do you good too!Focus on the present moment.Take some time every day to focus on the present moment. 28 Try not to think about negative past experiences and hug the time you have now.You'll soon find that even the slightest thing that you do at this moment can bring about happiness for many hours and days to come.Learn to control your emotions.29 And it's definitely not worth the emotions.Don't compromise on your happiness just because someone is trying to pick a fight.Just let it go(不要理会)and be happier.30Just before you go to bed,write down at least one wonderful thing that happened.It might be something as small as a child's laugh or something as huge as a million-dollar deal.Whatever it is,be grateful for that day because it will never come again.It happened in Knoxville (a city in Tennessee in the US). A mother said she was feeling ________ as she tried to comfort her autistic (自闭的) son. But a stranger’s act of kindness turned both of their days around.Ashley Fox was ________ at Walmart with her son Norris, three. Norris picked out a toy dog at the store. ________, it cost more than Fox had ________, so she put it back.“That’s when Norris just had a meltdown (情绪突然失控). I rushed out of Walmart as fast as I could. He was screaming and ________,” said Fox. She was struggling to get Norris into his car seat when a woman approached her with the ________ her son had wanted in the store.“The lady came up behind me and she pulled this toy out, and she said, ‘Is this what he was wanting?’ and I said, ‘Oh my god, yes it is.’ I gave it to him and he just ________. It was great. I expressed my ________ to her and offered to pay for this toy. She ________ to let me do it,________ saying that she understood that because she has ________, too. I just really wanted her to know that it made his night and made his ________. He loves it and I just think it was a really________ thing that she did,” said Fox.She posted on Facebook that Norris and the toy are inseparable. Thousands of people have liked the ________ and hundreds have appreciated the act of ________.“This woman, she didn’t judge. She just helped me. If more people were like that, I feel like we have much less negativity,” said Fox.31.A.regretful B.surprised C.helpless D.comfortable32.A.shopping B.working C.chatting D.cooking33.A.Otherwise B.Besides C.However D.Therefore34.A.returned B.doubted C.lost D.expected35.A.smiling B.crying C.carrying D.admitting36.A.toy B.food C.cellphone D.money37.A.broke down B.calmed down C.looked out D.gave up38.A.thanks B.pity C.regrets D.sadness39.A.forgot B.refused C.wished D.chose40.A.bravely B.angrily C.coldly D.gently41.A.kids B.parents C.pets D.friends42.A.rule B.way C.day D.mark43.A.stupid B.beautiful C.frightening D.disappointing 44.A.diary B.notice C.warning D.post45.A.worry B.courage C.kindness D.politeness46. ________ number of graduates this year is much more than that of last year.(用适当的词填空)47. ________ (compare) with people living in Palestine, our life is much happier and safer.(所给词的适当形式填空)48. Great efforts ________ (make) so far to win the championship. (所给词的适当形式填空)49. It’s ________ (official) recognized that this product is safe and will be put into market soon. (所给词的适当形式填空)50. What’s your attitude ________ allowing students to use mobile phones at school? (用适当的词填空)51. Those ________ houses were damaged in typhoon can fill in this form and apply for financial aid. (用适当的词填空)52. Xi’an city ________ used to be the capital of 13 dynasties is developing fast these years. (用适当的词填空)53. Your performance at the discussion gave me a deep impression and that’s the reason ________ I want you. (用适当的词填空)54. The Smiths have two children, both of_________work in New York.(用适当的单词填空)55. The research reveals that teenagers find ________ difficult to concentrate on their study after playing mobile games continuously for an hour. (用适当的词填空)56. The ancient building can ________ ________ ________ (追溯到) Tang Dynasty.(根据汉语提示完成句子)57. Mary likes dancing and her adviser recommended she _________ ________ ________________(报名)a ballet course. (根据汉语提示完成句子)58. What you behave during childhood ________ ________ ________(对……有影响) to what you will be when growing up. (根据汉语提示完成句子)59. The boy ________ ________ ________ ________(假装在睡觉) when his mother came into the bedroom. (根据汉语提示完成句子)60. I have no idea what I can do to make up for my mistake.(句型转换)I have no idea ________ ________ ________ to make up for my mistake.61. Obviously, the manager is satisfied with the guy’s arrangement. (句型转换)________ ________ ________ ________ the manager is satisfied with the guy’s arrangement.62. He didn’t make the team until he won the match. (强调划线部分)63. The whole city is in ruins. It was struck by a terrible earthquake yesterday.(合并成含定语从句的复合句)64. 我永远也不会忘记我们一起在高中读书的日子。
2024届广东省东莞市虎门中学等七校高三上学期联考数学试题及答案
东莞市2023-2024学年第一学期七校联考试卷高三数学一、单项选择题:本大题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.请把正确选项在答题卡中的相应位置涂黑.1. 已知集合{}21,S s s n n ==+∈Z ,{}41,T t t n n ==+∈Z ,则S T Ç=( )A. ∅B. SC. TD. Z2. 在复平面内,复数z 对应点为()1,1-,则1iz=+( )A. 2 B. 1C. D.123. 对于定义域是R 的任意奇函数()f x ,都有( )A. ()()0f x f x -->B. ()()0f x f x --≤C. ()()0f x f x ⋅-≤ D. ()()0f x f x ⋅->4. 假设你有一笔资金,现有三种投资方案,这三种方案的回报如下:方案一:每天回报40元;方案二:第一天回报10元,以后每天比前一天多回报10元;方案三:第一天回报0.4元,以后每天的回报比前一天翻一番.现打算投资10天,三种投资方案的总收益分别为10A ,10B ,10C ,则( )A. 101010A B C << B. 101010A C B <<C. 101010B A C << D. 101010C A B <<5. 函数()()e x x tf x -=在()2,3上单调递减,则t 的取值范围是( )A. [)6,+∞B. (],6-∞C. (],4∞- D. [)4,+∞6. 等边ABC 边长为2,13BD BC = ,则AD BC ⋅=( )A. 1B. 1- C.23D. 23-7. 已知正实数,a b 满足3a b ab +=,则4a b +的最小值为( )的A. 9B. 8C. 3D.838. 向量()0,1a = ,()2,3b =- ,则b 在a 上的投影向量为( )A ()2,0 B. ()0,2 C. ()3,0- D. ()0,3-二、多项选择题:本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,有多项符合题目要求,全部选对的得5分,选对但不全的得2分,有选错的得0分.请把正确选项在答题卡中的相应位置涂黑.9. 某学校一同学研究温差x (℃)与本校当天新增感冒人数y (人)的关系,该同学记录了5天的数据:x 568912y1720252835经过拟合,发现基本符合经验回归方程 2.6y x a=+,则( )A. 经验回归直线经过(8,25) B. 4.2a=C. 5x =时,残差为0.2- D. 若去掉样本点(8,25),则样本的相关系数r 增大10. 已知函数()()πsin (ω0,)2f x x ωϕϕ=+><的部分图象如图所示,则( )A. ()f x 的图象可由曲线sin 2y x =向左平移π3个单位长度得到B ()πcos 26f x x ⎛⎫=-⎪⎝⎭C. 2π,03⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭是()f x 图象的一个对称中心D. ()f x 在区间7π5π,64⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦上单调递增11. 如图,圆锥SO 的底面圆O 的直径4AC =,母线长为B 是圆O 上异于A ,C 的动点,则下..列结论正确的是( )A. SC 与底面所成角为45°B. 圆锥SO的表面积为C. SAB ∠的取值范围是ππ,42⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭D. 若点B 为弧AC 的中点,则二面角S BC O --的平面角大小为45°12. 已知大气压强()Pa p 随高度()m h 的变化满足关系式00ln ln p p kh p -=,是海平面大气压强,410k -=.我国陆地地势可划分为三级阶梯,其平均海拔如下表:若用平均海拔的范围直接代表各级阶梯海拔的范围,设在第一、二、三级阶梯某处的压强分别为123,,p p p ,则( )A. 010.4p p e ≤B. 03p p <C. 23p p ≤D. 0.1832ep p ≤三、填空题:本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.请把答案填在答题卡的相应位置上.13. 已知52345012345(1)x a a x a x a x a x a x -=+++++,则3a 的值为________.14. 已知tan 2α=,则()2sin π22cos 1αα+-值为______.15. 某公司员工小明上班选择自驾、坐公交车、骑共享单车的概率分别为13,13,13,而他自驾,坐公交车,骑共享单车迟到的概率分别为14,15,16,结果这一天他迟到了,在此条件下,他自驾去上班的概率的是________.16. 已知,A B 是球O 的球面上两点,60AOB ∠= ,P 为该球面上的动点,若三棱锥P OAB -体积的最大值为6,则球O 的表面积为________.四、解答题:本大题共6小题,第17题10分,18、19、20、21、22题各12分,共70分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.必须把解答过程写在答题卡相应题号指定的区域内,超出指定区域的答案无效.17. ABC 的内角A ,B ,C 的对边分别为a ,b ,c ,已知cos cos 2cos a C c A b B +=.(1)求B ;(2)若b =,ABC 的面积为ABC 的周长.18. 如图,在长方体1111ABCD A B C D -中,112,AA AD DC BD ===和1B D 交于点,E F 为AB 的中点.(1)求证://EF 平面11ADD A ;(2)求点A 到平面CEF 的距离.19. 记n S 为数列{}n a 的前n 项和,已知()*233n n S a n =-∈N .(1)求n a ;(2)若3211log n n nb a a -=+,记n T 为{}n b 的前n 项和,且满足150n T <,求n 的最大值.20. 某乡镇在实施乡村振兴的进程中,大力推广科学种田,引导广大农户种植优良品种,进一步推动当地农业发展,不断促进农业增产农民增收.为了解某新品种水稻品种的产量情况,现从种植该新品种水稻的不同自然条件的田地中随机抽取400亩,统计其亩产量x (单位:吨()t ).并以此为样本绘制了如图所示的频率分布直方图.附:()()()()22()n ad bc a b c d a c b d χ-=++++.α0.1000.05000100.001x α2.7063.8416.63510.828(1)求这400亩水稻平均亩产量的估计值(同一组中的数据用该组区间的中点值代表,精确到小数点后两位);(2)若这400亩水稻的灌溉水源有河水和井水,现统计了两种水源灌溉的水稻的亩产量,并得到下表:试根据小概率值0.05α=的独立性检验分析,用井水灌溉是否比河水灌溉好?21. 适量的运动有助于增强自身体质,加快体内新陈代谢,有利于抵御疾病.某社区组织社区居民参加有奖投篮比赛,已知小李每次在罚球点投进的概率都为()01p p <<.(1)若每次投篮相互独立,小李在罚球点连续投篮6次,恰好投进4次的概率为()f p ,求()f p 的最大值点0p ;(2)现有两种投篮比赛规则,规则一:在罚球点连续投篮6次,每投进一次,奖励两盒鸡蛋,每次投篮相互独立,每次在罚球点投进的概率都以(1)中确定的0p 作为p 的值;规则二:连续投篮3次,每投进一次,奖励四盒鸡蛋.第一次在罚球点投篮,投进的概率以(1)中确定的0p 作为p 的值,若前次投进,则下一次投篮位置不变,投进概率也不变,若前次未投进,则下次投篮要后退1米,投进概率变为上次投.进概率的一半.请分析小李应选哪种比赛规则对自己更有利.22. 已知函数()e xm f x x =+.(1)讨论()f x 的单调性;(2)若12x x ≠,且()()122f x f x ==,证明:0e m <<,且122x x +<.东莞市2023-2024学年第一学期七校联考试卷高三数学一、单项选择题:本大题共8小题,每小题5分,共40分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,只有一项是符合题目要求的.请把正确选项在答题卡中的相应位置涂黑.1. 已知集合{}21,S s s n n ==+∈Z ,{}41,T t t n n ==+∈Z ,则S T Ç=( )A. ∅B. SC. TD. Z【答案】C 【解析】【分析】分析可得T S ⊆,由此可得出结论.【详解】任取t T ∈,则()41221t n n =+=⋅+,其中Z n ∈,所以,t S ∈,故T S ⊆,因此,S T T = .故选:C.2. 在复平面内,复数z 对应的点为()1,1-,则1iz=+( )A. 2B. 1C.D.12【答案】B 【解析】【分析】利用复数的几何意义及复数的除法法则,结合复数的模公式即可求解.【详解】因为复数z 在复平面内对应的点为()1,1-,所以1i z =-.所以()()()()212i i i 1i 1i 1i i 21i 1i 11i z -⨯----+====-+++⨯,所以11iz ==+.故选:B.3. 对于定义域是R 的任意奇函数()f x ,都有( )A. ()()0f x f x --> B. ()()0f x f x --≤C. ()()0f x f x ⋅-≤D. ()()0f x f x ⋅->【答案】C 【解析】【分析】根据()f x 为奇函数,可得()()f x f x -=-,再对四个选项逐一判断即可得正确答案.【详解】∵()f x 为奇函数,∴()()f x f x -=-,∴()()()()()2=0f x f x f x f x f x ⎡⎤⎡⎤⋅-⋅-=-≤⎣⎦⎣⎦,又()0=0f ,∴()20f x -≤⎡⎤⎣⎦,故选:C【点睛】本题主要考查了奇函数的定义和性质,属于基础题.4. 假设你有一笔资金,现有三种投资方案,这三种方案的回报如下:方案一:每天回报40元;方案二:第一天回报10元,以后每天比前一天多回报10元;方案三:第一天回报0.4元,以后每天的回报比前一天翻一番.现打算投资10天,三种投资方案的总收益分别为10A ,10B ,10C ,则( )A. 101010A B C << B. 101010A C B <<C. 101010B A C << D. 101010C A B <<【答案】B 【解析】【分析】设三种方案第n 天的回报分别为n a ,n b ,n c ,由条件可知{}n a 为常数列;{}n b 是首项为10,公差为10的等差数列;{}n c 是首项为0.4,公比为2的等比数列,然后求出投资10天三种投资方案的总收益为10A ,10B ,10C ,即可判断大小.【详解】解:设三种方案第n 天的回报分别为n a ,n b ,n c ,则40n a =,由条件可知{}n a 为常数列;{}n b 是首项为10,公差为10的等差数列;{}n c 是首项为0.4,公比为2的等比数列.设投资10天三种投资方案的总收益为10A ,10B ,10C ,则10400A =;101091010105502B ⨯=⨯+⨯=;10100.4(12)409.212C -==-,所以101010B C A >>.故选:B .【点睛】本题考查数列的实际应用,关键在于根据生活中的数据,转化到数列中所需的基本量,公差,公比等,属于中档题.5. 函数()()e x x tf x -=在()2,3上单调递减,则t 的取值范围是( )A. [)6,+∞B. (],6-∞C. (],4∞- D. [)4,+∞【答案】A 【解析】【分析】根据复合函数的单调性可得()y x x t =-的单调性,从而可求得t 的取值范围.【详解】因为函数e x y =在R 上单调递增,所以根据复合函数的单调性可得函数()y x x t =-在()2,3上单调递减,则32t≥,解得6t ≥.故选:A6. 等边ABC 边长为2,13BD BC = ,则AD BC ⋅=( )A. 1B. 1- C.23D. 23-【答案】D 【解析】【分析】根据题意,结合向量的数量积的运算公式,准确运算,即可求解.【详解】如图所示,由ABC 是边长为2的等边三角形,且13BD BC = ,可得AD AB BD =+,所以()2222cos120233AD BC AB BD BC AB BC BD BC ⋅=+⋅=⋅+⋅=⋅⋅+⋅=-.故选:D.7. 已知正实数,a b 满足3a b ab +=,则4a b +的最小值为( )A. 9 B. 8C. 3D.83【答案】C 【解析】【分析】利用“1”的代换,结合基本不等式进行求解即可【详解】由条件知113a b+=,1111414(4)553333a b a b a b a b b a ⎛⎛⎫⎛⎫+=++=++≥+= ⎪ ⎪ ⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝,当且仅当21a b ==时取等号.故选:C8. 向量()0,1a = ,()2,3b =- ,则b 在a上投影向量为( )A. ()2,0B. ()0,2 C. ()3,0- D. ()0,3-【答案】D 【解析】【分析】直接由投影向量公式求解即可.【详解】b 在a 上的投影向量为.()··30,3a b a a a a=-=-故选:D.二、多项选择题:本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.在每小题给出的四个选项中,有多项符合题目要求,全部选对的得5分,选对但不全的得2分,有选错的得0分.请把正确选项在答题卡中的相应位置涂黑.9. 某学校一同学研究温差x (℃)与本校当天新增感冒人数y (人)的关系,该同学记录了5天的数据:x568912的y 1720252835经过拟合,发现基本符合经验回归方程 2.6y x a=+,则( )A. 经验回归直线经过(8,25) B. 4.2a=C. 5x =时,残差为0.2- D. 若去掉样本点(8,25),则样本相关系数r 增大【答案】ABC 【解析】【分析】计算样本中心点可得验证选项A ;由样本中心点计算 a验证选项B ;根据残差的定义计算验证选项C ;根据相关系数r 的分析验证选项D .【详解】56891285x ++++==,1720252835255y ++++==,所以样本中心点为(8,25),则A 正确;由ˆ2.6y x a=+,得ˆ 2.625 2.68 4.2a y x =-=-⨯=,则B 正确;由B 知,ˆ 2.6 4.2yx =+,当5x =时,ˆ 2.65 4.217.2y =⨯+=,则残差为1717.20.2-=-,则C 正确;由相关系数公式可知,去掉样本点(8,25)后,相关系数r 的公式中的分子、分母的大小都不变,故相关系数r 的大小不变,故D 不正确.故选:ABC .10. 已知函数()()πsin (ω0,)2f x x ωϕϕ=+><的部分图象如图所示,则( )A. ()f x 的图象可由曲线sin 2y x =向左平移π3个单位长度得到B. ()πcos 26f x x ⎛⎫=-⎪⎝⎭的C. 2π,03⎛⎫-⎪⎝⎭是()f x 图象的一个对称中心D. ()f x 在区间7π5π,64⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦上单调递增【答案】BC 【解析】【分析】根据函数的图象确定函数的表达式为()πsin 23f x x ⎛⎫=+⎪⎝⎭,即可结合选项逐一求解.【详解】由图可知:1πππ24126T T ω⎛⎫=--⇒=⇒= ⎪⎝⎭,又()f x 经过点π,112⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭,所以ππ22π,Z 122k k ϕ⨯+=+∈,故π2π,Z 3k k ϕ=+∈,由于ππ,,23ϕϕ<∴=故()πsin 23f x x ⎛⎫=+ ⎪⎝⎭,对于A ,()f x 的图象可由曲线sin 2y x =向左平移π6个单位长度得到,故A 错误,对于B ,()ππππcos 2=sin 2=sin 26623f x x x x ⎛⎫⎛⎫⎛⎫=--++ ⎪ ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭⎝⎭,故B 正确,对于C , ()2πsin π03f ⎛⎫-=-= ⎪⎝⎭,故2π,03⎛⎫- ⎪⎝⎭是()f x 图象的一个对称中心,故C 正确,对于D ,令πππ2π22π,Z 232k x k k -+≤+≤+∈,解得ππ,Z 5ππ1212k x k k +≤≤+∈-,故()f x 的其中两个单调递增区间为7π13π,1212⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦,19π25π,1212⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦,故()f x 在7π5π,64⎡⎤⎢⎥⎣⎦不单调递增,故D 错误,故选:BC11. 如图,圆锥SO 的底面圆O 的直径4AC =,母线长为B 是圆O 上异于A ,C 的动点,则下列结论正确的是( )A. SC 与底面所成角为45°B. 圆锥SO 的表面积为C. SAB ∠的取值范围是ππ,42⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭D. 若点B 为弧AC 的中点,则二面角S BC O --的平面角大小为45°【答案】AC 【解析】【分析】对于A ,根据SO ⊥面ABC ,由cos OCSCO SC<=判断;对于B ,由圆锥SO 的侧面积公式求解判断;对于C ,由π0,2ASB ⎛⎫∠∈ ⎪⎝⎭求解判断;对于D ,取BC 的中点D ,连接OD ,SD ,易得SDO ∠为二面角S BC O --的平面角求解判断.【详解】对于A ,因为SO ⊥面ABC ,所以SCO ∠是SC 与底面所成角,在Rt SOC △中,圆锥的母线长是,半径2r OC ==,则cos OC SCO SC ∠===,所以SCO ∠=45︒,则A 正确;对于B ,圆锥SO 的侧面积为rl π=,表面积为+4π,则B 错误;对于C ,当点B 与点A 重合时,0ASB ∠=为最小角,当点B 与点C 重合时π2ASB ∠=,达到最大值,又因为B 与A ,C 不重合,则π0,2ASB ⎛⎫∠∈ ⎪⎝⎭,又2πSAB ASB ∠+∠=,可得ππ,42SAB ⎛⎫∠∈ ⎪⎝⎭,则C 正确;对于D ,如图所示,,取BC 的中点D ,连接OD ,SD ,又O 为AC 的中点,则//OD AB ,因为AB BC ⊥,所以BC OD ⊥,又SO ⊥面ABC ,BC ⊂面ABC ,所以BC SO ⊥,又SO OD O = ,BC ⊥面SOD ,故BC SD ⊥,所以SDO ∠为二面角S BC O --的平面角,因为点B 为弧AC的中点,所以AB =,12OD AB ==tan SO SDO OD∠==D 错误.故选:AC.12. 已知大气压强()Pa p 随高度()m h 的变化满足关系式00ln ln p p kh p -=,是海平面大气压强,410k -=.我国陆地地势可划分为三级阶梯,其平均海拔如下表:平均海拔/m第一级阶梯4000≥第二级阶梯10002000~第三级阶梯2001000~若用平均海拔的范围直接代表各级阶梯海拔的范围,设在第一、二、三级阶梯某处的压强分别为123,,p p p ,则( )A. 010.4p p e ≤B. 03p p <C. 23p p ≤D. 0.1832ep p ≤【答案】ACD 【解析】【分析】根据题意,列出不等式,根据对数函数的性质解对数不等式即可求解.【详解】设在第一级阶梯某处的海拔为1h ,则4011ln ln 10p p h --=,即41110lnp h p =.因为14000h ≥,所以40110ln4000p p ≥,解得010.4ep p ≤A 正确;由0ln ln p p kh -=,得0ekhp p =.当0h >时,0e 1khp p=>,即0p p >,所以03p p >,B 错误;设在第二级阶梯某处的海拔为2h ,在第三级阶梯某处的海拔为3h ,则40224033ln ln 10ln ln 10p p h p p h --⎧-=⎨-=⎩两式相减可得()43232ln 10p h h p -=-.因为[][]231000,2000,200,1000h h ∈∈,所以[]230,1800h h -∈,则4320ln1018000.18p p -≤≤⨯=,即0.18321e p p ≤≤,故0.18232e C,D p p p ≤≤,均正确.故选:ACD.三、填空题:本大题共4小题,每小题5分,共20分.请把答案填在答题卡的相应位置上.13. 已知52345012345(1)x a a x a x a x a x a x -=+++++,则3a 的值为________.【答案】10【解析】【分析】根据给定条件,利用二项式定理直接列式计算作答.【详解】依题意,2235C (1)10a =-=.故答案为:1014. 已知tan 2α=,则()2sin π22cos 1αα+-的值为______.【答案】43【解析】【分析】利用三角函数的诱导公式、二倍角的正余弦公式以及同角三角函数的基本关系求解.【详解】()222222sin π2sin22sin cos 2tan 4tan 2,2cos 1cos sin cos sin 1tan 3αααααααααααα+---=====----.故答案为:43.15. 某公司员工小明上班选择自驾、坐公交车、骑共享单车的概率分别为13,13,13,而他自驾,坐公交车,骑共享单车迟到的概率分别为14,15,16,结果这一天他迟到了,在此条件下,他自驾去上班的概率是________.【答案】1537【解析】【分析】设小明迟到为事件A ,小明自驾为事件B ,由题可得()()(),,P A P B P AB ,后由条件概率公式可得答案.【详解】设小明迟到为事件A ,小明自驾为事件B ,则()11111137343536180P A =⨯+⨯+⨯=, ()1113412P AB =⨯=.则在小明迟到的条件下,他自驾去上班的概率为()()()115123737180P AB P B A P A ===.故答案为:153716. 已知,A B 是球O 的球面上两点,60AOB ∠= ,P 为该球面上的动点,若三棱锥P OAB -体积的最大值为6,则球O 的表面积为________.【答案】48π【解析】【分析】当PO ⊥平面OAB 时,三棱锥体积最大,设球O 的半径为R ,列方程求解即可.【详解】如图所示,当PO ⊥平面OAB 时,三棱锥的体积最大,设球O 的半径为R ,此时11sin 60632P OAB R V R R =⨯⨯⨯⨯⨯= -,故R =,则球O 的表面积为24π48πS R ==.故答案为:48π.四、解答题:本大题共6小题,第17题10分,18、19、20、21、22题各12分,共70分.解答应写出文字说明、证明过程或演算步骤.必须把解答过程写在答题卡相应题号指定的区域内,超出指定区域的答案无效.17. ABC 的内角A ,B ,C 的对边分别为a ,b ,c ,已知cos cos 2cos a C c A b B +=.(1)求B ;(2)若b =,ABC的面积为ABC 的周长.【答案】(1)3B π=;(2)6+的【解析】【分析】(1)根据正弦定理以及两角和的正弦公式即可求出1cos 2B =,进而求出B ;(2)根据余弦定理可得到()2312a b ab +-=,再根据三角形面积公式得到 8ab =,即可求出6a b +=,进而求出ABC 的周长.【详解】解:(1)cos cos 2cos a C c A b B += ,由正弦定理得:sin cos sin cos 2sin cos A C C A B B +=,整理得:()sin 2sin cos sin A C B B B +==,∵在ABC 中,0B π<<,∴sin 0B ≠,即2cos 1B =,∴1cos 2B =,即3B π=;(2)由余弦定理得:(222122a c ac =+-⋅,∴()2312a c ac +-=,∵1sin 2S ac B ===,∴8ac =,∴()22412a c +-=,∴6a c +=,∴ABC 的周长为6+.18. 如图,在长方体1111ABCD A B C D -中,112,AA AD DC BD ===和1B D 交于点,E F 为AB 的中点.(1)求证://EF 平面11ADD A ;(2)求点A 到平面CEF 的距离.【答案】(1)证明见解析 (2)1【解析】【分析】(1)利用空间中直线与平面平行的判定定理,结合三角形中位线即可证明;(2)建立空间直角坐标系,求平面法向量,再根据面面夹角的向量公式及点到面的距离公式运算求解.【小问1详解】如图,连接1AD ,11B D ,BD .因为长方体1111ABCD A B C D -中,1//BB 1DD 且11BB DD =,所以四边形11BB D D 为平行四边形.所以E 为1BD 的中点,在1ABD 中,因为E ,F 分别为1BD 和AB 的中点,所以//EF 1AD .因为EF ⊄平面11ADD A ,1AD ⊂平面11ADD A ,所以//EF 平面11ADD A .【小问2详解】如图建立空间直角坐标系D xyz -,因为长方体中12A A AD ==,CD =,则(0,0,0)D ,(2,0,0)A,(0,C,B,F,1B,E .所以(1,CE =,(2,CF =,.设平面CEF 的法向量为111(,,)m x y z =,则0,0,m CE m CF ⎧⋅=⎪⎨⋅=⎪⎩即11111020x z x ⎧-+=⎪⎨=⎪⎩,令11x =,则1y =,11z =,可得m =.AF =,所以点A 到平面CEF 的距离为||1||AF m d m ⋅== .19. 记n S 为数列{}n a 的前n 项和,已知()*233n n S a n =-∈N .(1)求n a ;(2)若3211log n n nb a a -=+,记n T 为{}n b 的前n 项和,且满足150n T <,求n 的最大值.【答案】(1)3nn a = (2)12【解析】【分析】(1)利用n S 与n a 的关系计算即可;(2)利用等比数列、等差数列的求和公式及分组求和法求n T ,再由函数的单调性解不等式即可.【小问1详解】当1n =时,1112332S a a =-=,解得13a =,当2n ≥时,11233n n S a --=-,因为233n n S a =-,所以1122233n n n n n S S a a a ---==-,即13n n a a -=,所以()132nn a n a -=≥,所以,{}n a 是首项为3,公比为3的等比数列,所以数列{}n a 的通项公式为3nn a =;【小问2详解】由题意知:1213n nb n =+-,所以()211112111331122313nn nn n T n ⎛⎫-⎪+-⎛⎫⎝⎭=+=-+ ⎪⎝⎭-,易知{}n T 在*n ∈N 上单调递增,而1213121311111441150,16911502323T T ⎛⎫⎛⎫=+-<=+-> ⎪ ⎪⎝⎭⎝⎭,所以满足150n T <的n 的最大值为12.20. 某乡镇在实施乡村振兴的进程中,大力推广科学种田,引导广大农户种植优良品种,进一步推动当地农业发展,不断促进农业增产农民增收.为了解某新品种水稻品种的产量情况,现从种植该新品种水稻的不同自然条件的田地中随机抽取400亩,统计其亩产量x (单位:吨()t ).并以此为样本绘制了如图所示的频率分布直方图.附:()()()()22()n ad bc a b c d a c b d χ-=++++.α0.1000.0500.0100.001x α2.7063.8416.63510.828(1)求这400亩水稻平均亩产量的估计值(同一组中的数据用该组区间的中点值代表,精确到小数点后两位);(2)若这400亩水稻的灌溉水源有河水和井水,现统计了两种水源灌溉的水稻的亩产量,并得到下表:亩产量超过0.7t亩产量不超过0.7t 合计河水灌溉18090270井水灌溉7060130合计250150400试根据小概率值0.05α=的独立性检验分析,用井水灌溉是否比河水灌溉好?【答案】(1)0.75(2)用河水灌溉是比井水灌溉好.【解析】【分析】(1)先根据频率之和为1求出b 的值,再根据公式求出平均值;(2)运用卡方公式进行求解.【小问1详解】由题:(0.752 1.252 1.75 2.25)0.1=1b ⨯+⨯+++⨯,解得=2b ,所以这400亩水稻平均亩产量的估计值为:(0.450.750.55 1.250.65 1.750.75 2.250.8520.95 1.25 1.050.75)0.1⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯⨯0.75≈;【小问2详解】()()()()222()400(180607090) 6.154250*********n ad bc a b c d a c b d χ-⨯⨯-⨯==≈++++⨯⨯⨯,因为6.154 3.841>,所以根据小概率值0.05α=的独立性检验分析,有95%的把握认为亩产量与所用灌溉水源相关,用河水灌溉是比井水灌溉好.21. 适量的运动有助于增强自身体质,加快体内新陈代谢,有利于抵御疾病.某社区组织社区居民参加有奖投篮比赛,已知小李每次在罚球点投进的概率都为()01p p <<.(1)若每次投篮相互独立,小李在罚球点连续投篮6次,恰好投进4次的概率为()f p ,求()f p 的最大值点0p ;(2)现有两种投篮比赛规则,规则一:在罚球点连续投篮6次,每投进一次,奖励两盒鸡蛋,每次投篮相互独立,每次在罚球点投进的概率都以(1)中确定的0p 作为p 的值;规则二:连续投篮3次,每投进一次,奖励四盒鸡蛋.第一次在罚球点投篮,投进的概率以(1)中确定的0p 作为p 的值,若前次投进,则下一次投篮位置不变,投进概率也不变,若前次未投进,则下次投篮要后退1米,投进概率变为上次投进概率的一半.请分析小李应选哪种比赛规则对自己更有利.【答案】(1)最大值点023=p (2)小李应选规则一参加比赛.【解析】【分析】(1)先求出连续投篮6次,恰好投进4次的概率()f p 的解析式,再利用导数研究其单调性及其最值即可;(2)若选规则一,利用二项分布概念即可求出其数学期望;若选规则二,可分别求出离散型随机变量的各种情况概率,从而可求得其分布列,进而得出其数学期望,比较这两种规则下求得的数学期望,进而判断即可.【小问1详解】由题意得则()()()2446C 1,0,1f p p p p =-∈,则()()()()()24344366C 4121C 146f p p p p p p p p ⎡⎤'=---=--⎣⎦,令()0f p '=,得23p =,当20,3p ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭时,()0f p '>,()f p 在区间20,3⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭内单调递增,当2,13p ⎛⎫∈ ⎪⎝⎭时,()0f p '<,()f p 在区间2,13⎛⎫⎪⎝⎭内单调递减,所以()f p 的最大值点023=p .【小问2详解】若选规则一,记X 为小李投进的次数,则X 的所有可能取值为0,1,2,3,4,5,6.的则2~6,3X B ⎛⎫ ⎪⎝⎭,则()2643E X =⨯=,记Y 为小李所得鸡蛋的盒数,则2Y X =,()()28E Y E X ==.若选规则二,记Z 为小李投进的次数,则Z 的所有可能取值为0,1,2,3.记小李第k 次投进为事件()1,2,3k A k =,未投进为事件k A ,所以投进0次对应事件为123,,A A A ,其概率为()()1231255033627P Z P A A A ===⨯⨯=;投进1次对应事件为123123123A A A A A A A A A ++,其概率()2121121217133333333627P Z ==⨯⨯+⨯⨯+⨯⨯=;投进2次对应事件为123123123A A A A A A A A A ++,其概率()2212111117133333333327P Z ==⨯⨯+⨯⨯+⨯⨯=.投进3次对应事件为123A A A ,其概率()2228333327P Z ==⨯⨯=,所以Z 的分布列为Z 0123P527 727 727 827所以()577850123272727273E Z =⨯+⨯+⨯+⨯=;记L 为小李所得鸡蛋的盒数,则4L Z =,()203E L =,因为()()E Y E L >,所以小李应选规则一参加比赛.22. 已知函数()e xm f x x =+.(1)讨论()f x 的单调性;(2)若12x x ≠,且()()122f x f x ==,证明:0e m <<,且122x x +<.【答案】(1)答案见解析(2)证明见解析【解析】【分析】(1)求定义域,求导,分0m ≤和0m >两种情况,得到函数的单调性;(2)变形为12,x x 是方程e (2)x m x =-的两个实数根,构造函数()e (2)xg x x =-,得到其单调性和极值最值情况,结合图象得到0e m <<,再构造差函数,证明出122x x +<.小问1详解】()f x 的定义域为R ,由题意,得e ()1e exx x m f x m'-=-=,x ∈R ,当0m ≤时,()0f x '>恒成立,()f x 在R 上单调递增;当0m >,且当(,ln )x m ∈-∞时,()0f x '<,()f x 单调递减;当(ln ,)x m ∈+∞时,()0f x '>,()f x 单调递增.综上,当0m ≤时,()f x 在R 上单调递增;当0m >时,()f x 在区间(),ln m -∞上单调递减,在区间()ln ,m +∞上单调递增.【小问2详解】证明:由()()122f x f x ==,得1x ,2x 是方程2e xmx +=的两个实数根,即12,x x 是方程e (2)x m x =-的两个实数根.令()e (2)xg x x =-,则()e (1)xg x x '=-,所以当(),1x ∈-∞时,()0g x '>,()g x 单调递增;当()1x ∈+∞,时,()0g x '<,()g x 单调递减,所以()()max 1e g x g ==.因为当x →-∞时,()0g x →;当x →+∞时,()g x →-∞,()20g =,所以0e m <<.不妨设12x x <,因为1x ,2x 是方程e (2)x m x =-的两个实数根,则1212x x <<<.要证122x x +<,只需证122x x <-.因为11<x ,221x -<,【所以只需证()()122g x g x <-.因为()()12g x g x =,所以只需证()()222g x g x <-.今()()(2)h x g x g x =--,12x <<,则()22()()(2)e (1)e(1)(1)e e xxx xh x g x g x x x x --'''=+-=-+-=--22e e (1)0ex xx -=-⋅<在()1,2恒成立.所以()h x 在区间(1,2)上单调递减,所以()(1)0h x h <=,即当12x <<时,()(2)g x g x <-.所以()()222g x g x <-,即122x x +<成立.【点睛】极值点偏移问题,通常会构造差函数来进行求解,若等式中含有参数,则先消去参数.。
东莞市四海教育集团(东莞片区)七校联考试卷 2018-2019年第一学期第一次月考七年级英语
东莞市四海教育集团(东莞片区)七校联考试卷 2018-2019年第一学期第一次月考七年级英语 东莞市四海教育集团(东莞片区)七校联考试卷 2018-2019学年第一学期第一次月考七年级英语 考试范围:Starter Unit1-StarterUnit3; 考试时间:90分钟; 命题人: ; 一、1.在下面的四线三格内写出五个元音字母的大小写(10分) 2.写出下列字母的左邻右舍(注意字母的大小写,10分) 1. ______H _______ 2. _____K _______ 3. ______Q _______ 4. ______V _______ 5. _____f________ 二、单项选择,选出正确的答案并将答案编号写在题号前的括号内(15分) ( ) 1.当你在早晨上学路上遇到同学的时候,你可以说______ A .Good morning ! B . Thanks ! C . Good evening ! ( ) 2.- How are you ? - _________________. A . Fine , thanks . B . How are you ? C . How do you do ? ( ) 3.当对方帮了你的忙后,你应该说_______________ A . OK B . I am OK . C . Thanks ! ( ) 4.- What is this ? -_____________. A . It’s ruler B . It’s orange C . It’s a jacket ( ) 5.- What color is it ? -____________. A . It’s a red B . It’s red C . It red ( ) 6. What’s this ______ English ? A . on B . OK C . in ( ) 7.Bb Cc Dd Pp Tt 都包含以下那个字母的读音_____ A . Ss B . Xx C . Ee ( ) 8.请给我的妹妹起个英文名:_______ A . Bob B . Alice C . Dale ( ) 9.”CCTV”的中文意思是_______ A .中国 B .中国中央电视台 C .动画频道 ( )10.―_______ it , please . ― “M -A-P”. A . Look B . Spell C . Read ( ) 11.英语字母共有______ 个,其中元音字母有_____ 个。
东莞市2019-2020学年度第一学期教学质量检测高三理综试卷PDF版(含答案)
12019-2020学年度第一学期高三物理参考答案一、选择题22.(6分)每空2分(1) 0.43,0.27 (2)Mga M m mg )(+- 23.(9分)(1)连线如图所示(2分)(2)0.34(2分) (2)4(2分) , 4(3分)24.(12分)(1) 导体ab 垂直切割磁感线,产生的电动势大小:E =BLv ① (2分)得E =0.4V (1分)(2) 导体ab 相当于电源,由闭合电路欧姆定律:E =I (R +r ) ② (2分)导体ab 所受的安培力:F A =BIL ③ (2分)ab 匀速运动水平拉力:F =F A ④ (1分)代入数据得F =0.2N (1分)(3)将R =0.1Ω代入 ②和 ③得F A '=154N (1分) 由牛顿第二定律F A '-F =ma (1分)得a =32m/s 2 (1分) (若采用其他方法,解答过程和结果正确的,同样给分)25.(15分)解析:(1)设b 球恰能通过半圆环轨道最高点A 时的速度为v A ,则有 Rv m g m A b b 2= ①............................................................................(2分) 轻弹簧具有的弹性势能释放时全部转化成小球b 的机械能,b 球从B 点运动至A 点过程中机械能守恒,则有E p =R g m v m b A b 2212+②..........................................(2分) 得25mgR E p = (1分) (2)以a 、b 、弹簧为研究对象,弹开时系统动量守恒、能量守恒,a 、b 的速度分别为v a 、v b , 则有 b b a a v m v m =③ .....................................................(1分)P b b a a E v m v m =+222121 ④.....................................................(1分) 代入数据得 33232gR gR v a ==,gR v b 3=2 a 球离开桌面后平抛,221gt R = ⑤ .....................................................(1分) t v x a a =⑥ .....................................................(1分)代入v a 解得 R x a 362= .....................................................(1分) (3)设b 球上升至最大高度时速度为0,则有gH m v m b b b =221,解得R H 23=,可见b 球会在某处脱离半圆轨道 .....................................................(1分)设脱离时b 球速度为v ,脱离位置半径与竖直方向的夹角为α根据圆周运动向心力公式有 Rv m g m b b 2cos =α⑦.....................................................(1分) 根据几何关系有R R H -=αcos ⑧ .....................................................(1分) 根据机械能守恒有222121v m gH m v m b b b b +=⑨.....................................................(1分) 解得 R H 34=.....................................................(1分) (若采用其他方法,解答过程和结果正确的,同样给分)26.(20分)(1)由乙图知,m 、M 一起运动的最大外力F m =25N ,当F >25N 时,m 与M 相对滑动,对m 由牛顿第二定律有:11mg ma μ=,(2分) 由图知214m/s a =解得:10.4μ=(2分)(2)对M 由牛顿第二定律有:122()F mg M m g Ma μμ--+=(2分) 即12122()()F mg M m g mg M m g F a M M Mμμμμ--+--+==+(1分) 由乙图知:411=M , 9)(21=++g m M mg μμ 解得:M = 4 kg (2分)μ2=0.1(2分)(3)由于F =29N>25N ,所以从开始m 就与M 相对滑动对地向左做匀加速运动,加速度为1a , M 加速度为2a ,M 的加速度大小2122()5m/s F mg M m g a Mμμ--+== (1分)方向向左 在m 没有滑落板之前M 的位移大小2x ,m 的位移大小1x则L x x =-12,即L t a t a =-2112122121 (1分) 解得:s t 31=3此后m 从M 上掉下来,之后M 的加速度大小为3a ,对M 由牛顿第二定律23F Mg Ma μ-=,可得2325m/s 4a =(1分) m 的加速度为4a ,42ma mg =μ,14=a m/s 2 (1分)m 从M 上刚掉下来时M 的速度为M v , 12t a v M ==15m/s (1分)M 的速度为11t a v m ==12m/s (1分)m 从M 上刚掉下来后M 的位移为()()213121t t a t t v x M M -+-=(1分) m 从M 上刚掉下来后m 的位移为()()214121t t a t t v x m m ---=(1分) m 从M 上刚掉下来后m 与M 的距离为m x x x m M 3277=-=(1分) (若采用其他方法,解答过程和结果正确的,同样给分)2020年东莞市期末调研考理综(化学部分)参考答案7-11 ACDCB 12-13DA27.(14分)(1)蒸馏烧瓶(2分)(2)2KMnO4+16HCl=2MnCl2+2KCl+5Cl2↑+8H2O (2分)(3)吸收多余的氯气,同时防止空气中水蒸气进入戊的收集试管中(2分)(4)丁装置内充满黄绿色气体(1分);使氯气与锡充分反应(1分)(5)Sn+2HCl=SnCl2+H2↑ (2分)(6)BD (2分)(7)91.2% (2分)28.(14分)(1)2Fe3++ SO2+2H2O= 2Fe2+ + SO42-+4H+(2分)(2)Mn2+Fe2+(2分)(3)SO2(H2SO3、SO32-)、(1分)FeSO4(Fe2+) (1分)(4)90℃(2分)防止NH4HCO3受热分解,提高原料利用率(2分)(5)Mn2++2HCO3-=MnCO3↓+CO2↑+H2O (2分)(6)取1-2mL最后一次洗涤液于试管,滴加盐酸酸化BaCl2溶液,若无白沉淀产生,则洗涤干净(2分)29.(15分)(1)①(a+ b)/2 (2分)②由黄色变橙色(1分)NaHCO3 Na2CO3(2分)③5.6×10-5 (2分)④4Na++ 3CO2+ 4e-= 2Na2CO3+ C (2分)(2)①0.02mol·L-1·min-1(2分)②33.3%(2分)0.5a kPa(2分)34.(15分)(1)3d(1分)(2)Ti原子的价电子数比Al多,金属键更强(2分)(3)SiCl4(2分)(4)①氧或O(1分)②2(2分)③de(2分)(5)BD(1分)0.81a 0.5c(2分)0.31×a(2分)35.(15分)(1)酚羟基、羰基(1分)(2)Cl2,光照(2分)(3)(2分)(4)氧化反应(2分)(5)AD(2分)(6)(3分,任写3个)(7)(3分)2019~2020学年度第一学期高三调研测试高三理科综合(生物学)答案与评分标准一、单项选择题(本题共6小题,每小题6分,共36分。
广东省东莞市2019-2020学年第一次中考模拟考试语文试卷含解析
广东省东莞市2019-2020学年第一次中考模拟考试语文试卷一、选择题1.下列句子中没有语病的一项是()A.学校教育要回归本位、回归初心,端正办学理念,紧紧围绕立徳树人为中心来组织开展各类教育教学活动。
B.该公司计划今年将“中国速度”的成功经验大量复制到海外,通过増加包机、加开海外航线,服务遍布全球的广大消费者。
C.高远路上的团雾具有突发性强、预测困难等特点,极易使驾驶人在行车时率骤然视线模糊、应对不及,从而导致交通事故。
D.我们的民族历经挫折而奋起,历经苦难而辉煌,发生了前所未有的历史巨変,实现了从高起来到强起来、站超来的佛大飞跃。
2.将下列句子组成语意连贯的一段话,语序排列最恰当的一项是()①只有孝敬父母的人,オ是有责任心的、高尚的人。
②在社会发展的今天,倡导“孝道”,更有其不可替代的时代价值和深远的历史意义③孔子曰:“夫孝,德之本也。
”④从远古时代的“孝感动天”的舜,到“亲尝汤药”的刘恒、“卖身葬父”的董永、“扇枕温衾”的黄香……真是不胜枚举。
⑤我们国家是有着5000年历史的文明古国,“孝行”贯穿其发展的各个阶段。
A.③①⑤④②B.①③⑤②④C.②①③⑤④D.③①②④⑤3.依次填入下面横线上的词语,恰当的一组是()细细一盏清茶,里面有着说不尽的意蕴。
清幽淡雅的绿茶,清澈透明,沁人心脾;雅俗共赏的花茶,齿颊留香,妙不可言;外刚内柔的乌龙茶,甘而不浓,回味无穷。
文人喝茶,喝出的是茶外茶。
郑板桥喝出了“汲来江水烹新茗”的,杜耒喝出了“寒夜客来茶当酒”的,梁启超喝出了“饮茶之乐乐无穷”的。
A.品味绝妙意境浓情厚谊独特感受B.品赏浓情厚谊绝妙意境无限乐趣C.品赏浓情厚谊闲情逸致无限趣味D.品味闲情逸致浓情厚谊独特感受4.下列词语中,每对加点字的读音都相同的一项是()A.侏儒./妇孺.赫.然/万恶不赦.B.贮.藏/伫.立惊惶./张皇.失措C.稽.首/滑稽.枭.鸟/袅.袅云烟D.真谛./取缔.寒噤./忍俊不禁.5.下列词语中加点的字,每对读音都不相同的一项是()A.应.当/答应.强.制/强.身健体崭露.头角/锋芒毕露.B.发酵./咆哮.绮.丽/犄.角之势风驰电掣./提纲挈.领C.着.凉/着.迷否.定/否.极泰来度.日如年/度.德量力D.辍.学/点缀.赡.养/瞻.前顾后众口铄.金/闪烁.其词二、名句名篇默写6.填空。
广东东莞市2019-2020学年七年级上学期期末联考地理试题(含答案)
20 19-2020学年度第一学期期末联考试卷地理一、选择题(每小题只有一个选项最符合题意,每小题2分,共60分)2019年12月26日出现了年度“天文大餐”日环食,东莞可观测到日偏食,环食带从中东地区开始,经印度南端、斯里兰卡,进入东南亚的印度尼西亚、新加坡、马来西亚等国,最后结束于太平洋上。
预计下次观测日环食的时间是2020年6月21 日。
读日食示意图,回答1-2小题1.关于本次日食,下列描述错误的是A.本次日食当天,北半球处于冬季 B日食可以证明地球的形状C.日食现象是太阳、月球和地球几者位于一条线的天文现象D.日食现象可以分为日全食,日偏食和日环食2 地理课堂上,学生对本次观测到下次预测日食出现的描述错误的是A.小丽说:太阳直射点从南半球移动到北半球B.小朝说:我们东莞从冬季到夏季C.小张说:我们东莞的昼夜长短变化规律是昼渐短,夜渐长D.小李说:我们东莞的正午太阳高度角在逐渐增大3.地球仪是地球的模型。
下列图中表述正确的是在地球仪上或地图上,经线和纬线相互交织,就构成了经纬网。
读下图回答4-6小题。
4.图中四块阴影表示的区域中,位于中纬度的是A.①B.② C ③ D ④5.地跨东西两个半球的是A.①B.②C.③D.④6将4块阴影所表示区域的面积按由大到小的顺序排列A.③>②>④>①B.④>③>②)①C.③>④>②>①D.②>③>④>①2018年平昌冬季奥运会(The 2018 winter Olympics in Pyeongchang)第23届冬季奥林匹克运动会,简称“平昌冬奥会”。
2月25日,平昌冬奥会正式闭幕,北京接过奥林匹克会旗,冬奥会正式进入北京时间。
据此回答7-8小题。
7.北京的小明(400N)小朋友在夜晚收看奥运会闭幕式直播,美国的卡卡小朋友是在早上收看奥运会闭幕式直播,造成这种不同的原因是A.地球是一个很大的球体 H.地球的公转C.地球的自转 D.地球距离太阳十分遥远8 卡卡小朋友计划北京冬奥会的时候来北京现场观看冬奥会开幕式,并且想了解北京各比赛场地的分布及路线,小明应该向他推荐什么地图。
2019-2020学年东莞联考一模数学答案与评分标准
2019-2020学年第二学期初三第一次模拟考试答案及评分标准1. D 2. C 3.C 4.A 5.D 6.C 7. B 8.A 9.A 10.C11. 或13.5x 2 12.9104.4⨯ 13. 14. 15. 4042 16. 10 17.①④18.解:原式=4-122221-+⨯- 4分 = - 46分 19.解:原式=a a a a a a a ÷-----+2)2()1()1)(12( …………2分 =111--+a a =1111----+a a a a …………3分 当12+=a 时, =111-+-+a a a 原式=1122-+=22=2 …………6分 =12-a …………4分 20.解:(1)如图,点D 为所求; …………….3分(2)∵∠BCA =125°,∴∠ACD =180°-∠BCA =180°-125°=55°,…………4分∵ED 垂直平分AC ,∴DC =AD , ………………5分∴∠ACD =∠CAD =55°,∴∠BAD =∠BAC +∠CAD=20°+55°=75°. ……..6分21.解:(1)50,..... 1分 补全条形统计图如下:..... 2分 (2) 72°; ……3分(3)树状图为:………. 4分12-<≤-x 2227x 5共有12种等可能的结果,其中甲和乙同学同时被选中的结果有2种 ………. 6分 ∴P(甲和乙同学同时被选中)=61122= ………. 8分 22. 解:(1)设乙工程队每天能完成绿化的面积是x (m 2),根据题意得: 1分62480480=-xx 2分 解得:x =40,3分 经检验:x =40是原方程的解, 4分则甲工程队每天能完成绿化的面积是40×2=80答:甲、乙两工程队每天能完成绿化的面积分别是80m 2、40m 2; 5分(2)设应安排甲队工作y 天,根据题意得: 6分105.0408020000.4≤⨯-+y y 7分 解得:y ≥25,答:至少应安排甲队工作25天. 8分23.解:(1)∵△AOB 和△COD 为全等的等腰直角三角形,OC =2,∴AB =OA =OC =OD =2,∴点B 坐标为(2,2), …… 1分代入k y x=得,k = =2; ……………. 2分 ∴反比例函数解析式为 ……………. 3分 (2)依题意,得DD ′∥OB ,过D ′作D ′E ⊥x 轴于点E ,交DC 于点F ,设CD 交y 轴于点M ,….. 4分 ∵OC =OD =2,∠AOB =∠COM =45°,∴OM =MC =MD =1, ……5分∴点D 坐标为(-1,1),设D ′横坐标为t ,则OE =MF =t , ……. 6分∴D ′F =DF =t +1,∴D ′E =D ′F +EF =t +2,∴D ′(t ,t +2), ∵D ′在反比例函数图象上, ∴t (t +2)=2,解得 , (舍去), ……..7分 ∴D ′(3﹣1,3 +1) …………….. 8分24.解:(1)证明:∵BF =DF , ∴∠FBD =∠FDB , …..1分∵ ∴∠BCD =∠DGB∵ BD =DB ∴△BCD ≌△DGB (AAS ) …..2分∴CD =GB …………..3分22⨯x y 2=311+-=t 312--=t(2)证明:连接OC . ……………4分∵ ∴∠COB =2∠EDB∵∠PFC =∠FDB +∠FBD =2∠FDB ,∴∠COB =∠PFC ,∵PF =PC , ∴∠PFC =∠PCF ,∴∠PCF =∠COB , …………… 5分∵AB ⊥CD ,∴∠COB +∠OCE =90°,∴∠OCE +∠PFC =90°,即∠OCP =90°,∴OC ⊥PC , ……6分∴PC 是圆O 的切线. …..7分(3)连接AC , ∵直径AB ⊥弦CD 于E ,∴ ,CE =DE , ∴∠BCD =∠BDC=∠A =∠G ,∵tan G=31, ∴tan ∠BCD=CE BE =31,tan A=31=AE CE 设BE =x ,则CE =3x ,AE =9x ∵ AE ﹣BE =338 ∴9x -x =338 解得x=33, ......8分 ∴BE=33,CE =3 ∴BC=330)33()3(2222=+=+BE CE ,CD =2CE =23 ∴BD =BC =330,∵∠FBD =∠FDB ,∠BDC =∠BCD ,∴∠FBD =∠BCD ∵∠FDB =∠BDC ∴△DFB △DBC , ............9分即33032330DF = DBDF DC DB = ∴FD=935 ……………10分 25. 解:(1)将A (-1,0),C (0,-3)代入y=x 2+bx +c ,得⎩⎨⎧-==+-301c c b ……………1分 解得⎩⎨⎧-=-=32c b , ∴抛物线的表达式为:y =x 2﹣2x ﹣3=41)2--x (; ……………2分 ∴顶点坐标为(1,﹣4). …………………….. 3分(2)如图1,连接BC 、CH 、BH ,设H (t , t 2﹣2t ﹣3);设直线BC 解析式为m kx y +=,代入B ( 3, 0 ), C ( 0,-3),得⎩⎨⎧-==+303m m k , 解得⎩⎨⎧-==31m k ∴直线BC 的解析式为y =x ﹣3; ……………4分 ∴N (t ,t ﹣3)∴S △BCH=21•NH •OB =21•( t ﹣ 3 - t 2+2t +3) •3=)3232t t --( ……5分 则当23=t 时,S 有最大值,最大值是827 ….. 6分 (4)存在, ……… 7分 P (1,0),(2+7,0),(2-7,0) ……. 10分 理由如下:①如图2,当Q 在x 轴下方时,作QE ⊥x 轴于E ,∵PQ ∥AC∴当PQ =AC 时,四边形ACQP 为平行四边形,∴△PEQ ≌△AOC ,∴EQ =OC =3,∴-(x 2-2x -3)=3,解得 x =2或x =0(与C 点重合,舍去),∴P (1,0). ……… 8分②如图3,当Q 在x 轴上方时,作QF ⊥x 轴于F ,∵PQ ∥AC∴当PQ =AC 时,四边形ACQP 为平行四边形,∴△PFQ ≌△AOC ,∴FQ =OC =3,∴x 2﹣2x ﹣3=3,解得 x =1+7或x =1﹣7,∴P (2+7,0),(2-7,0).综上所述,P 点为(1,0),(2+7,0),(2-7,0). ……. 10分 Q。
2019-2020学年广东省东莞市四海教育集团七校联考八年级(上)第一次月考数学试卷(附答案详解)
2019-2020学年广东省东莞市四海教育集团七校联考八年级(上)第一次月考数学试卷一、选择题(本大题共10小题,共20.0分)1.下列长度的各组线段不可以组成三角形的是()A. 2,2,3B. 5,7,4C. 4,5,8D. 2,4,62.等腰三角形的一边为4,另一边为7,则此三角形的周长为()A. 15B. 18C. 15或18D. 无法确定3.把三角形的面积分为相等的两部分的是()A. 三角形的角平分线B. 三角形的中线C. 三角形的高D. 以上都不对4.如图,某同学把一块三角形的玻璃打碎成了三块,现在要到玻璃店去配一块完全一样的玻璃,那么最省事的办法是()A. 带①去B. 带②去C. 带③去D. 带①和②去5.若三角形的两边长分别为4和7,则第三边长x的取值范围是()A. 4<x<7B. 4<x<11C. 0<x<3D. 3<x<116.下列图形具有稳定性的是()A. 正方形B. 圆形C. 三角形D. 平行四边形7.四边形ABCD中,如果∠A+∠C+∠D=280°,则∠B的度数是()A. 80°B. 90°C. 170°D. 20°8.一个三角形的三个内角的度数之比为1:2:3,这个三角形一定是()A. 直角三角形B. 锐角三角形C. 钝角三角形D. 无法判定9.如图,已知△ABC≌△CDA,AC=8cm,AB=4cm,BC=6cm,则AD的长是()A. 8cmB. 4cmC. 6cmD. 无法确定10.如图所示,若△ABE≌△ACF,且AB=5,AE=3,则EC的长为()A. 2B. 3C. 5D. 2.5二、填空题(本大题共5小题,共15.0分)11.六边形的内角和是______°.12.四边形的对角线共有______条.13.如图,在Rt△ABC中,CD⊥AB,若AB=10,AC=6,BC=8,则CD=______.14.如图是由射线AB,BC,CD,DE,EA组成的平面图形,则∠1+∠2+∠3+∠4+∠5=______.15.如图,直线AB,CD被BC所截,若AB//CD,∠1=45°,∠2=35°,则∠3=______度.三、解答题(本大题共10小题,共65.0分)16.如图,在△ABC中,∠C=30°,∠B=58°,AD平分∠CAB.求∠CAD和∠1的度数.17.一个多边形的内角和是它的外角和的3倍,求这个多边形的边数.18.如图,D是AB上一点,E是AC上一点,BE,CD相交于点F,∠A=60°,∠ACD=35°,∠ABE=20°.求∠BDC和∠BFD的度数.19.如图,AB=AC,AD=AE.求证:BE=CD.20.如图,∠C=∠D=90°,AD=BC.求证:BD=AC.21.如图,AE=CF,AD//BC,AD=CB,求证:(1)△ADF≌△CBE;(2)DF//EB.22.如图,已知∠1=∠2,∠3=∠4,求证:BD=BE.23.如图,已知∠A=40°,∠B=20°,∠D=30°,求∠BCD的度数.24.如图,已知AB=AD,AC=AE,∠1=∠2.求证:(1)△ABC≌△ADE;(2)∠2=∠EDC.25.如图,在△ABC中,点P是△ABC两外角∠ECB,∠DBC的角平分线交点.(1)若∠A=40°,则∠ECB+∠DBC=______,∠P=______.(2)若∠A=50°.则∠ECB+∠DBC=______,∠P=______.(3)若∠A=60°,则∠ECB+∠DBC=______,∠P=______.(4)猜得:∠A与∠P之间的数量关系是:______.(不需要证明)答案和解析1.【答案】D【解析】解:A、∵2+2>3,∴能构成三角形,不符合题意;B、∵4+5>7,能构成三角形,不符合题意;C、∵4+5>8,∴能构成三角形,不符合题意;D、∵2+4=6,∴不能构成三角形,符合题意.故选:D.根据三角形三边关系定理:三角形两边之和大于第三边,进行判定即可.此题主要考查学生对运用三角形三边关系判定三条线段能否构成三角形的掌握情况,注意只要两条较短的线段长度之和大于第三条线段的长度即可判定这三条线段能构成一个三角形.2.【答案】C【解析】解:①当腰长为4时,等腰三角形三边长为4、4、7,符合三角形三边关系,则三角形的周长为:4+4+7=15;②当腰长为7cm时,等腰三角形三边长为4、7、7,符合三角形三边关系,则三角形的周长为:4+7+7=18.因此这个三角形的周长为15或18.故选:C.题目给出等腰三角形有两条边长为4和7,而没有明确腰、底分别是多少,所以要进行讨论,还要应用三角形的三边关系验证能否组成三角形.本题考查了等腰三角形的性质和三角形的三边关系;已知没有明确腰和底边的题目一定要想到两种情况,分类进行讨论,还应验证各种情况是否能构成三角形进行解答,这点非常重要,也是解题的关键.3.【答案】B【解析】解:把三角形的面积分为相等的两部分的是三角形的中线.故选:B.根据等底等高的两个三角形面积相等知,三角形的中线把三角形的面积分为相等的两部分.三角形的中线是三角形的一个顶点与对边中点连接的线段,它把三角形的面积分为相等的两部分.4.【答案】C【解析】解:A、带①去,仅保留了原三角形的一个角和部分边,不能得到与原来一样的三角形,故A选项错误;B、带②去,仅保留了原三角形的一部分边,也是不能得到与原来一样的三角形,故B 选项错误;C、带③去,不但保留了原三角形的两个角还保留了其中一个边,符合ASA判定,故C 选项正确;D、带①和②去,仅保留了原三角形的一个角和部分边,同样不能得到与原来一样的三角形,故D选项错误.故选:C.此题可以采用全等三角形的判定方法以及排除法进行分析,从而确定最后的答案.主要考查学生对全等三角形的判定方法的灵活运用,要求对常用的几种方法熟练掌握.5.【答案】D【解析】解:根据三角形的三边关系可得7−4<x<7+4,解得3<x<11,故选:D.根据三角形的任意两边之和大于第三边,两边之差小于第三边求出第三边a的取值范围.本题考查了三角形的三边关系,熟记性质是解题的关键.6.【答案】C【解析】解:三角形具有稳定性.故选:C.根据三角形具有稳定性解答.本题考查了三角形具有稳定性,是基础题,需熟记,关键是根据三角形具有稳定性解答.7.【答案】A【解析】【分析】本题利用多边形的内角和定理即可解决问题.利用四边形的内角和等于360度即可解决问题.【解答】解:∵四边形内角和360°,∠A+∠C+∠D=280度,∴∠B=360°−(∠A+∠C+∠D)=360°−280°=80°.故选:A.8.【答案】A【解析】解:设这个三角形的三个内角的度数分别是x,2x,3x,根据三角形的内角和为180°,得x+2x+3x=180°,解得x=30°,∴这个三角形的三个内角的度数分别是30°,60°,90°,即这个三角形一定是直角三角形.故选:A.已知三角形三个内角的度数之比,根据三角形内角和定理,可求得三角的度数,由此判断三角形的类型.本题主要考查了三角形的内角和定理,此类题利用列方程求解可简化计算.9.【答案】C【解析】解:∵△ABC≌△CDA,BC=6cm,∴AD=BC=6cm,故选:C.根据两三角形全等,对应边相等即可求解.本题考查了全等三角形的性质,熟练掌握全等三角形的性质是解题的关键.10.【答案】A【解析】【分析】本题考查了全等三角形的性质的应用,注意:全等三角形的对应边相等,对应角相等.已知△ABE≌△ACF,根据全等三角形的对应边相等,求得AC的长,即可得到EC的长.【解答】解:∵△ABE≌△ACF,AB=5,∴AC=AB=5,∵AE=3,∴EC=AC−AE=5−3=2.故选A.11.【答案】720【解析】解:(6−2)⋅180°=720°.故答案为:720.根据多边形的内角和公式(n−2)⋅180°列式计算即可得解.本题考查了多边形的内角和,熟记内角和公式是解题的关键.12.【答案】2=2(条),【解析】解:四边形的对角线共有:4×(4−3)2故答案为:2.根据从多边形的一个顶点可以作对角线的条数公式(n−3),故n边形的对角线共有n(n−3)条(n是不小于3的整数);据此求解即可.2本题考查了多边形的对角线的知识,了解多边形的对角线的计算方法是解答本题的关键,难度不大.13.【答案】4.8【解析】解:在Rt△ABC中,CD⊥AB,AB=10,AC=6,BC=8,∴12AC⋅BC=12AB⋅CD,即12×6×8=12×10×CD,解得,CD=4.8,故答案为:4.8.利用三角形的面积公式计算即可.本题考查的是勾股定理的应用,掌握直角三角形的两条直角边长分别是a,b,斜边长为c,那么a2+b2=c2是解题的关键.14.【答案】360°【解析】解:∠1+∠2+∠3+∠4+∠5=(180°−∠BAE)+(180°−∠ABC)+(180°−∠BCD)+(180°−∠CDE)+(180°−∠DEA)=180°×5−(∠BAE+∠ABC+∠BCD+∠CDE+∠DEA)=900°−(5−2)×180°=900°−540°=360°.故答案为:360°.首先根据图示,可得∠1=180°−∠BAE,∠2=180°−∠ABC,∠3=180°−∠BCD,∠4= 180°−∠CDE,∠5=180°−∠DEA,然后根据三角形的内角和定理,求出五边形ABCDE 的内角和是多少,再用180°×5减去五边形ABCDE的内角和,求出∠1+∠2+∠3+∠4+∠5等于多少即可.此题主要考查了多边形内角和定理,要熟练掌握,解答此题的关键是要明确:(1)n边形的内角和=(n−2)⋅180(n≥3)且n为整数).(2)多边形的外角和指每个顶点处取一个外角,则n边形取n个外角,无论边数是几,其外角和永远为360°.15.【答案】80【解析】解:∵AB//CD,∠1=45°,∴∠C=∠1=45°,∵∠2=35°,∴∠3=∠2+∠C=35°+45°=80°,故答案为:80.根据平行线的性质求出∠C,根据三角形外角性质求出即可.本题考查了平行线的性质,三角形的外角性质的应用,解此题的关键是求出∠C的度数和得出∠3=∠2+∠C.16.【答案】解:∵∠C=30°,∠B=58°,∴∠CAB=180°−30°−58°=92°,∵AD平分∠CAB,∴∠CAD=1∠CAB=46°;2∵∠CAD=46°,∠C=30°,∴∠1=∠CAD+∠C=46°+30°=76°.【解析】利用三角形的内角和求出∠CAB,再根据角平分线的定义可求∠CAD;通过三角形外角的性质可求∠1.本题考查了三角形的内角和与三角形外角的性质,属于基础题,正确识图是关键.17.【答案】解:设这个多边形是n边形,由题意得:(n−2)×180°=360°×3,解得:n=8.答:这个多边形的边数是8.【解析】根据多边形的外角和为360°,内角和公式为:(n−2)⋅180°,由题意可得到方程(n−2)×180°=360°×3,解方程即可得解.此题主要考查了多边形的外角和与内角和公式,做题的关键是正确把握内角和公式为:(n−2)⋅180°,外角和为360°.18.【答案】解:在△ACD中,∵∠A=60°,∠ACD=35°,∴∠BDC=∠ACD+∠A=60°+35°=95°;在△BDF中,∠BFD=180°−∠ABE−∠BDC=180°−20°−95°=65°.【解析】在△ACD中,利用三角形的外角性质,三角形的一个外角等于与它不相邻的两个内角的和计算即可;在△BFD中,利用三角形的内角和定理计算即可.本题主要考查了三角形的外角性质与三角形的内角和定理,熟记性质与定理是解题的关键.19.【答案】证明:在△ADC和△AEB中,{AD=AE ∠A=∠A AC=AB,∴△ADC≌△AEB(SAS),∴BE=CD.【解析】利用SAS证得△ADC≌△AEB后即可证得结论.本题考查了全等三角形的判定与性质,解题的关键是熟练掌握全等三角形的判定的方法,难度不大.20.【答案】证明:∵∠C=∠D=90°,∴△ADB和△BCA是直角三角形,在Rt△ADB和Rt△BCA中,{AD=BCAB=BA,∴Rt△ADB≌Rt△BCA(HL),∴BD=AC.【解析】根据HL推出Rt△ADB≌Rt△BCA即可.本题考查了全等三角形的性质和判定的应用,注意:全等三角形的对应边相等,直角三角形全等的判定定理有SAS,ASA,AAS,SSS,HL.21.【答案】证明:(1)∵AE=CF,∴AE−EF=CF−EF,即AF=CE.∵AD//BC,∴∠A=∠C,在△AFD和△CEB中,{AD=CB ∠A=∠C AF=CE,∴△ADF≌△CBE(SAS);(2)∵△ADF≌△CBE,∴∠AFD=∠CEB,∴180°−∠AFD=180°−∠CEB,即∠DFE=∠BEF,∴DF//BE.【解析】(1)根据两直线平行内错角相等即可得出∠A=∠C,由AE=CF得到AF=CE,再根据全等三角形的判定即可判断出△ADF≌△CBE;(2)根据△ADF≌△CBE,得到∠AFD=∠CEB,所以180°−∠AFD=180°−∠CEB,即∠DFE=∠BEF,得到DF//BE.本题主要考查了全等三角形的判定与性质、以及平行线的判定与性质,熟记其性质是解题的关键,属于中考常考题.22.【答案】证明:在△ADC和△AEC中,{∠1=∠2 AC=AC ∠3=∠4,∴△ADC≌△AEC(ASA),∴AD=AE,在△ADB和△AEB中,{AD=AE ∠1=∠2 AB=AB,∴△ADB≌△AEB(SAS),∴BD=BE.【解析】证明△ADC≌△AEC(ASA),由全等三角形的性质得出AD=AE,证明△ADB≌△AEB(SAS)是解题的关键.本题考查了等角的补角相等的性质的运用,全等三角形的判定与性质的运用,解答时证明△ADC≌△AEC是关键.23.【答案】解:如图所示,延长BC交AD于点E,∵∠A=40°,∠B=20°,∴∠CED=∠A+∠B=40°+20°=60°,∴∠BCD=∠CED+∠D=60°+30°=90°.【解析】延长BC交AD于点E,根据三角形的一个外角等于与它不相邻的两个内角的和先求出∠CED的度数,再次利用三角形的一个外角等于与它不相邻的两个内角的和即可求出∠BCD的度数.本题主要利用三角形的外角性质求解,熟练掌握三角形的外角性质是解题的关键.24.【答案】证明:(1)∵∠1=∠2,∴∠1+∠DAC=∠2+∠DAC,即∠BAC=∠DAE,在△ABC和△ADE中,{AB=AD∠BAC=∠DAE AC=AE,∴△ABC≌△ADE(SAS);(2)设AC、DE交于点O,∵△ABC≌△ADE,∴∠E=∠C,∵∠AOE=∠DOC,∴∠2=∠EDC.【解析】(1)由∠1=∠2得∠BAC=∠DAE,由SAS即可证明△ABC≌△ADE;(2)由全等三角形的性质得出∠E=∠C,由三角形内角和即可得出结论.本题考查了全等三角形的判定与性质;证明三角形全等是解决问题的关键.25.【答案】220°70°230°65°240°60°∠P=90°−12∠A【解析】解:(1)∵∠A=40°,∴∠ABC+∠ACB=180°−40°=140°,∵∠ABC+∠DBC+∠ECB+∠ACB=360°,∴∠ECB+∠DBC=360°−140°=220°,∵CP、BP分别平分∠BCE和∠DBC,∴∠PCB=12∠BCE,∠PBC=12∠DBC,∴∠PCB+∠PBC=12(∠BCE+∠DBC)=110°,∴∠P=180°−(∠PCB+∠PBC)=70°.故答案为:220°,70°;(2)∵∠A=50°,∴∠ABC+∠ACB=180°−50°=130°,∵∠ABC+∠DBC+∠ECB+∠ACB=360°,∴∠ECB+∠DBC=360°−130°=230°,∵CP、BP分别平分∠BCE和∠DBC,∴∠PCB=12∠BCE,∠PBC=12∠DBC,∴∠PCB+∠PBC=12(∠BCE+∠DBC)=115°,∴∠P=180°−(∠PCB+∠PBC)=65°.故答案为:230°,65°;(3)∵∠A=60°,∴∠ABC+∠ACB=180°−50°=120°,∵∠ABC+∠DBC+∠ECB+∠ACB=360°,∴∠ECB+∠DBC=360°−120°=240°,∵CP、BP分别平分∠BCE和∠DBC,∴∠PCB=12∠BCE,∠PBC=12∠DBC,∴∠PCB+∠PBC=12(∠BCE+∠DBC)=120°,∴∠P=180°−(∠PCB+∠PBC)=60°.故答案为:240°,60°;(4)∠P=90°−12∠A.∵∠ABC+∠ACB=180°−∠A,∠ABC+∠DBC+∠ECB+∠ACB=360°,∴∠ECB+∠DBC=360°−(180°−∠A)=180°+∠A,∵CP、BP分别平分∠BCE和∠DBC,∴∠PCB=12∠BCE,∠PBC=12∠DBC,∴∠PCB+∠PBC=12(∠BCE+∠DBC)=90°+12∠A,∴∠P=180°−(∠PCB+∠PBC)=90°−12∠A,.故答案为:∠P=90°−12∠A.(1)由∠A=40°可得∠ABC+∠ACB=140°,进而可得∠ECB+∠DBC的度数,再根据三角形的内角和与角平分线的定义可得∠P;(2)由(1)的思路可得答案;(3)由(1)的思路可得答案;(4)可得∠ABC+∠ACB=180°−∠A,,进而可得∠ECB+∠DBC=180°+∠A,再根据三角形的内角和与角平分线的定义可得∠P.本题考查三角形内角和、三角形外角的性质和角平分线的定义,熟练掌握三角形的内角和是180°和三角形的一个外角等于和它不相邻的两个内角之和是解题关键.。
2020-2021学年广东省东莞市某某集团东莞片区
故选:C. 【点评】此题主要考查了倒数,正确把握相关定义是解题关键. 2.(2 分)某商场要检测 4 颗的质量,其中超过标准质量的克数记为正数,不足标准质量的 克数记为负数,从质量角度看,最接近标准的是( )
A.
B.
C.
D.
【分析】先比较各个数的绝对值,绝对值最小的数,表示它离标准最近.
【解答】解:∵|﹣0.6|<|+0.7|<|+2.5|<|﹣3.5|,
19.(5 分)将下列各数在数轴上表示出来,并把它们用“<”号排列起:﹣3,3.5,0, ,
﹣(+2),﹣|﹣4|. 20.(5 分)将下列各数填入适当的括号内(填编号即可):
①﹣5.13,②5,⑧﹣3,④ ,⑤π,⑥ ,⑦﹣|﹣2|,⑧0,⑨63%.
(1)整数集合
;
第2页(共14页)
K12 领军
长安街来回奔波于各个方阵之间,如果规定向东为正,向西为负,从出发点开始所走的
路程(单位:千米)为:+15,﹣2,+5,﹣1,+10,﹣3,﹣2,+12,+4,﹣10,+6.
(1)小李的指挥车最终距离出发点多远? (2)若指挥车每千米耗油 0.3 升,问共耗油多少升? 23.(8 分)已知|x|=3,|y|=5.
为
.
15.(3 分)如果|a﹣4|+|b+2|=0,那么 a+b= . 三、解答题(一)(每题 5 分,共 25 分) 16.(5 分)计算:
①
;
②0﹣(﹣7); ③﹣6﹣6; ④﹣2.5×(﹣4)×(﹣1);
⑤
.
17.(5 分)计算:(﹣3)+(﹣12)﹣(﹣11)﹣(+19). 18.(5 分)(﹣ ﹣ + )÷ .
广东省东莞市2019-2020学年中考第一次大联考语文试卷含解析
广东省东莞市2019-2020学年中考第一次大联考语文试卷一、选择题1.下列各组词语中书写没有错误的一项是()A.斑斓入场券一枕黄梁刻尽职守B.慰籍化妆品天道筹勤左右逢源C.伎俩三部曲世外桃源随声附和D.缅怀斑马线大厅广众险象迭生2.结合语境选词填空。
论色彩丰富,青岛海面的云应当。
有时五色相渲,千变万化,天空如展开一张张图案新奇的锦毯。
有时素净纯洁,天空只见一片绿玉,别无它物,看来令人起轻快感,温柔感,音乐感。
一年中有大半年天空完全是一幅的图画,有青春的嘘息,煽起人狂想和梦想,即在这种天空下显现。
A.首屈一指神奇海市蜃楼B.名列前茅奇妙空中楼阁C.首当其冲奇特镜花水月D.鹤立鸡群奇怪扑朔迷离3.下列句子中加点词语使用不恰当的一项是( )A.今年,厦门将以举办金砖会晤为契机..,加快产城融合,推动产业转型升级,推动经济社会平稳健康发展。
B.罗布泊使我惊讶,罗布泊像座仙湖,水面像镜子一样,在和煦..的阳光下,我乘舟而行,如神仙一般。
C.国产手机企业都会选择与电商联合,苏宁已经入股努比亚,阿里巴巴抓住了魅族,腾讯和百度也不会袖手旁观....的。
D.在先失一局的情况下,中国女排姑娘们死灰复燃....,顽强拼搏,连扳三局,最终赢得了里约奥运会女排冠军。
4.下列句子中加点的词语使用不恰当...的一项是()A.生活不是插在花瓶里供人欣赏的静物,而是在草原上蔓延..的野花。
B.白云山千峰突兀..,沟壑纵横,有奇险之美。
从远处遥望,白云山层峦叠翠,云雾缭绕,更富幽美的神秘气息。
C.科幻电影《流浪地球》以宏阔的背景、惊心动魄的倩节、炫丽震撼的视听效果,让观众感觉焕然一新....。
D.治理雾霾没有捷径可走,没有特效药,不可能一招制敌,一蹴而就....。
5.下列各句中,没有语病、句意明确的一项是( )A.提供网络搜索服务的企业必须整改是因为竞价排名机制影响了搜索结果的公正性是重要原因。
B.历史和现实都告诉我们,青年一代有理想,有才能,国家才有前途,民族才有希望。
东莞市重点中学市联考2019-2020学年英语七上期末模拟调研试卷(1)
东莞市重点中学市联考2019-2020学年英语七上期末模拟调研试卷(1)一、选择题1.The Earth provides us air,water and food.A.for B.with C.at D.in2.(题文)I don't like math ______ it's difficult for me.A.because B.but C.in D.and3.—Is this your pencil?—No, it isn't. __________ pencil is in the pencil box.A.YourB.HisC.HerD.My4.I_________ a new book,but my brother__________ one.A.don’t have; haveB.doesn’t have; hasC.have; doesn’t haveD.have; has5.—____ do you have P.E.?—We have P.E. on Tuesday.A.WhatB.WhenC.WhereD.What time6.My sister has some and I have some .A.egg; saladsB.strawberries; milkC.ice-cream; appleD.tomatoes; pear7.(题文)We have math Friday .It’s difficult interesting .A.on ; and B.on ; but C.in; but D.in; and8.— ______ people are there in your family?— Five.A.How oftenB.How muchC.How many9.—A: Is this ____pencil?—:No, it’s not mine. It’s______A.you;hers B.your;hers C.yours;her D.your;her10.Mr.Green doesn’t like his car now.He wants to ________ it.A.buy B.sell C.take D.get11.It’s sunny today. How about _______ to the park?A.go B.going C.to go D.goes12.The shirt is too small. I want a one.A.long B.short C.fun D.big13.—Is that your sister? —______.A.Yes, I am B.No, I’m not C.Yes, it is D.No, he isn’t14.(题文)--- do your parents go to work? ---By car.A.How often B.How much C.How D.How long15.This is _________ friend. _________ name is Li Yong.A.my;He B.her; He's C.my; His D.her; She16.I can't play soccer.I think it's ______.A.funB.relaxingC.funnyD.difficult17.— Excuse me. This sweater is too long for me. Do you have a _________ one?— Yes. Here you are.A.smallB.shortC.bigD.long18.John’s birthday is next week. Let’s ______ about the food .A.haveB.to thinkC.thinkingD.thinks19.(题文)Two and five ______ seven.A.be B.am C.is D.are20._________ have many _________.A.We CD B.I CD C.They CDs D.She CDs二、用所给的词填空21.Five ______(student) are studying in the classroom.2.My father _________(be) very busy every day.3.We have two ball _________ (game) in September.4.When is _________ (Alan) birthday?5._________you _________ (have) a Sports Day in your school?22.1.—What are they?—______ (it) are hats.2.—Are those your ______ (radio)?—Yes, they are.3.These ______ (be not) her tapes.4.What color ______ (be) your clock?5.—Where is ______ (he) computer game?—It’s under the bed.三、句型转换23.句型转换1.This is my eraser.(改为同义句)This eraser________ _______.2.These are my books.(改为一般疑问句)________ these _______ books?3.Are those his pencil boxes?(作否定回答)________,_________ __________.4.Is this your dictionary?(作肯定回答)________,_______ _________.5.This is his eraser.(改为复数形式)_________ ________his________.四、完形填空24. What's this on the table? It's a 1 of my new room.Look at _37 2 picture.It's very nice.What can you see 3 it? Some books are 4 the bed.A jacket is on the bed,too.Two 5 are near the desk. 6 the desk? It's near the window.What other(其他的) things 7 you see? Can you see a basketball under the bed? Can you see a red schoolbag under the desk? But the schoolbag isn't 8 .It's mysister's.I'm in the 9 ,too.Where am I? Do you 10 ? I am on the sofa. 1.A.book B.picture C.phone D.card2.A.a B.an C.the D./3.A.in B.on C.under D.at4.A.at B.in C.on D.under5.A.chair B.chairs C.ruler D.pencil6.A.Where's B.What's C.What are D.Where are7.A.is B.are C.can D.am8.A.I B.me C.my D.mine9.A.bed B.desk C.schoolbag D.room10.A.spell B.know C.say D.help25.Ann is a girl. from Chicago, the USA. She’s twelve. She a round faceand a small mouth. Her eyes very big. He blue very much. Blue T-shirt andskirt are favorite clothes. She’s blue ever y day. She’s very cool. Now, she’s a high school student in Hong Kong. She’s in . Her telephone number is 9. Jiang Shan is her good friend. She’s . She’s from Beijing. She’s eleven. She’s a high school student , but she’s in a differe nt class. Her telephone number is 5.Her is in Beijing now. Beijing is very beautiful.1.A. She B. Her C. She’s D. Her’s2.A. have B. don’t have C. haves D. has3.A. is B. are C. am D. isn’t4.A. is like B . like is C. like D. likes5.A. her B. his C. she’s D. her’s6.A. to B. from C. in D. a7.A. Class Two, Grade SevenB. Two Class, Seven ClassC. Grade Seven, Class TwoD. class Two, grade Seven8.A. China B. China’s C. Chinese’s D. Chinese9.A. to B. too C. one D. well10.A. family B. families C. pants D. friends26.My younger sister is Cindy. 1 is her birthday. My mother 2 her a big cake. She is eight years old now. She likes cakes. 3 the table in her bedroom, you can 4 the nice cake. Her 5 is on the cake. There are 6 things for her birthday, too.7 are some apples, salad, ice-cream, strawberries and oranges. But she’d 8 to have something to drink now. Her 9 , Kate, Barry, Bill, and Frank are coming to herbirthday party now. She likes to eat these things 10 her friends.1.A.This B.That C.Today D.It’s2.A.buy B.wants C.finds D.gets3.A.At B.On C.Under D.With4.A.look B.see C.eat D.have5. B.book C.backpack D.thing6.A.others B.the other C.the others D.other7.A.They B.These C.Those D.It’s8.A.want B.like C.likes D.wants9.A.parents B.teachers C.friends D.brothers10.A.with B.for C.to D.of五、阅读理解27.I’m Tony. My best friends are Frank and Cindy. We often do many things together(一起).Frank lives next to my home and we are in the same class. He is thirteen years old and tall and medium build. He has curly hair and blue eyes. He’s good-looking and very clever. He’s good at math and often helps me with my homework. He likes wearing black pants and yellow T-shirts.Cindy doesn’t go to my school. She’s eleven years old. She is thin and medium height. She has curly blonde hair and her eyes are brown. She is good-looking, too, but a little bit shy. She is good at playing the guitar. Her favorite subject at school is music. She often teaches Frank and me to play the guitar after class.The three of us have great fun together, and we help each other and sometimes play video games at my house.1.--What things do the three children do together? --They ___________.A.play video games and play the guitar B.play the guitar C.play video games2._________ eyes are blue.A.Tony’s B.Frank’s C.Cindy’s3._________ good at math.A.Tony is B.Frank is C.Cindy is4._________ is good-looking, but a little bit shy.A.Cindy B.Frank C.Tony5.Where do they play video games?A.At Cindy’s house B.At Frank’s house C.At Tony’s house28.I’m Leo. I’m 3 and I’m in Class Six. I have three good friends. They are Lily, Gina, and Ben. Lily and Gina are in Class Seven. Ben is in Class Six, too. We’re all in Grade Seven.We like sports. My favorite sport is ping-pong. It is interesting. I have three ping-pong balls and four ping-pong bats. Lily and Gina are sisters. They don’t like ping-pong. They think it is boring. Their favorite sport is tennis. They have five tennis balls and they play tennis with their parents and two brothers. Ben’s favorite sport is soccer. He has two soccer balls and he plays soccer very well.1.Leo has _______ good friends.A.two B.three C.four D.five2.Leo thinks ping-pong is _______ .A.boring B.easy C.fun D.difficult3.Lily and Gina have _______ .A.two soccer balls B.three ping-pong ballsC.four ping-pong bats D.five tennis balls4.Lily and Gina play tennis with their _______ .A.family B.friendsC.teachers D.classmates5.下列哪项陈述是正确的?A.Ben can’t play soccer.B.Leo and Ben are classmates.C.Seven people are in Lily’s family.D.Lily and Gina think ping-pong is difficult. 29.Hi, I am Cindy. I am in No. 1 Middle School. This is my classroom. 5 sets of desks and chairs are in the classroom. The desks and the chairs are blue. I like the color. The teacher's desk is white. A tape player, a notebook, a pen and a ruler are on it. On thewall are four pictures of our school. A bookcase is in the classroom, too. Many books are in it. We can read those books after class. My favorite books are about computers.My classroom is tidy. I like it.1.How many sets of desks and chairs are in Cindy's classroom?A.1. B.5. C.5. D.5.2.What color is the teacher's desk?A.Blue. B.White. C.Brown. D.Black.3.What's on the wall of Cindy's classroom?A.A map. B.A clock.C.Some photos of her teachers. D.Some pictures of their school.4.文中画线单词“it”指代的是“________”。
广东省东莞市2020-2021学年第一学期高一七校联考数学试题
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2020-2021 学年第一学期东莞市七校联考答案 高一数学
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2019-2020学年东莞高级中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年东莞高级中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读(共两节,满分40分)第一节(共15小题;每小题2分,满分30分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABob and Sue Harvey spent nine years as resident fellows in a dormitory at Sanford and in their bookVirtual Reality and The College Freshman, they write “The Freshman oftenfaces an identity problem during the first semester.” College is a more pressured environment than it used to be, in part because the academic gap between high school and college has increased. Many college freshmen have never had to make independent decisions about sex, drugs and alcohol. Most don’t know how to manage their time or money. They often feel lonely and overwhelmed, resulting in anxiety and depression.Nancy Corbin, director of clinical service for student-counseling (咨询) services at Iowa State University, says her office is seeing a significant increase in requests for counseling from freshmen who are having trouble making the adjustment to college life. She says older teenagers increasingly lack the skills to deal with personal problems that aren’t easily defined or fixed. And they get homesick but have a hard time admitting it.Parents and high schools can make things easier on freshmen by preparing them differently. For example, by teaching them to budget their hours and dollars. The Harveys think high schools should offer a college-life course. “Parents need to focus more on relationship and personal issues and less on how many sheets and towels to take,” they say. Many homesick freshmen think they’ll be regarded as failures if they come home before Thanksgiving. So parents can help by letting them know they’re welcome to return if they feel the need. In the meantime, parents have to find new ways to keep in touch with their college kids. One of the best ways is e-mail. It’s less unpleasant and less expensive than constant phone calls and is more likely to be answered than a handwritten letter.1. Why is the first semester difficult for freshmen in college?A. Because they often fail in exams.B. Because they lack time and money.C. Because they are too homesick to make new friends.D. Because they have to settle personal issues on their own.2. In the last paragraph, it is suggested that ________.A. parents should stop buying anything for their kidsB. parents should develop a good relationship with their kidsC. parents should be taught how to send e-mails to their kidsD. parents should work with high schools in college-life courses3. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Hard Life of College FreshmenB. Approaches to Trouble in CollegeC. Freshmen’s Adaptation ProblemsD. A Strange Phenomenon in CollegeBMany cars in advertisements and on exhibition in the United States are red, blue or green, but almost 75 percent of new cars sold in the United States are black, white, silver orgray.Les Jackson is a reporter who writes about cars. He says the color1 s of cars Americans choose do not show dirt. He says that means the owners wash their cars less in order to save money. And he notes some areas that are suffering from water shortages do not permit people to wash their cars often.Dan Benton works for a company called Axalta, which makes supplies for international car makers. He says white cars are often sold more expensive than cars of other color1 s. And he notes that white cars “absorb(吸收)less energy” than cars of other color1 s. This means temperatures inside them are lower in warmer areas. Benton also says research at Monash University in Australia suggests that there is a lower risk of crashes during the day for white cars compared with darker ones.Car buyers in other countries also like white. Jane Harrington works for PPG Industries, a company that makes paint for cars. She said in China, buyers say white makes a small car look bigger.About 11 percent of cars sold in North America are red and 8 percent are blue. Green has become less popular. Benton notes that in the mid-1990s green was the most popular color1 in North America. Today, green is hard to find.Sometime in the future, people may not have to choose the color1 of their cars —— technology may let owners change their cars’ paint color1 anytime.4. What can we learn from Paragraph 2?A. Most Americans don’t like red cars.B. People in America are not allowed to wash their cars.C. Many people prefer to choose white cars in America.D. Americans may consider the cost of cleaning when choosing cars.5. Why do many people choose white cars?A. They are much cheaper than cars of other color1 s..B. They are much safer while crashing.C. They are bigger than cars of other color1 s.D. They are more comfortable inside in warmer areas.6. What do we know from the text?A. Les Jackson is a member of Axalta.B. Most Americans rarely wash their cars.C. PPG Industries mainly produces cars in China.D. Green cars were once popular in North America.7. What does the text mainly tell us?A. Choices of car color1 sB. How to buy a good car.C. Differences of car color1 s.D. Popular car color1 s in history.CClara Daly was seated on an Alaska Airlines flight from Boston to Los Angeles when a flight attendant asked an urgent(紧急的) question over the loudspeaker: “Does anyone on board know American Body Language?” She knew she needed to help.Clara, 15 at the time, pressed the call button. The flight attendant came by and explained the situation. “We have a passenger on the plane who’s blind and deaf,” she said. The passenger seemed to want something, but he was traveling alone and the flight attendants couldn’t understand what he needed, according to PEOPLE magazine.Clara had been studying ASL for the past year to help with her dyslexia (阅读障碍) and knew she’d be able to spell on the man’s palm(手掌) by finger. So she unbuckled her seat belt, walked toward the front of the plane, and knelt by the aisle seat of Tim Cook, then 64. Gently taking his hand, she wrote, “How are you? Are you OK?” Cook asked for some water. When it arrived, Clara returned to her seat. She came by again a bit later because he wanted to know the time. On her third visit, she stopped and stayed for a while.“He didn’t need anything. He was lonely and wanted to talk,” Clara said. So for the next hour, that was what they did. She talked about her family and her plans for the future (she wants to be a politician). Cook told Clara how he had gradually become blind over time and shared stories of his days as a traveling salesman. Even though he couldn’t see her, she “looked attentively at his face with such kindness”, a passenger reported.“Clara was amazing,” a flight attendant told Alaska Airlines in a blog interview. “You could tell Cook was very excited to have someone he could speak to, and she was such a warm-hearted girl.” Cook’s reaction: “Best trip I’veever had.”Looking for ways to offer help? Start with this random(随时的) act of kindness that can change someone’s life right now.8. The flight attendant asked an urgent question because ________.A. the passenger was traveling aloneB. the plane was in a dangerous situationC. the passenger asked for something suddenlyD. none of the flight attendants could communicate with the passenger9. Why did Clara talk about her plans for the future?A. Because the flight attendant asked her to do so.B. Because she needed topics to go on talking with Cook.C. Because Cook hoped to understand teenagers better.D. Because she wanted to show her dream for the future.10. Which of the following words can best describe Clara?A. Kind and caring.B. Warm-hearted and brave.C. careful and calm.D. opened-minded and confident.11. The passage is mainly written to ________.A. tell a touching story of an amazing girlB. show the great importance of American Body LanguageC. encourage readers to give a hand kindly and randomlyD. show how kind the flight attendant was to help CookDAt first glance, there is nothing unusual about BingoBox’s convenience store–shelves packed with snacks line the walls, attracting passers-by through the glass windows. But upon closer look, BingoBox is no ordinary store. The door unlocks only after customers scan (扫描) aQR code to enter, and there is no cashier — just a lone checkout counter (柜台) in a corner. The Shanghai-based company is one of many unmanned store operators (运营者) opening outlets all over China, hoping to improve slim profit by reducing staff costs.“Ifstaff costs rise quickly, that puts greater pressure on low-profit businesses like convenience stores andsupermarkets,” said Andrew Song, an analyst at Guotai Junan Securities. “InChina, manpower costs have been rising ly quickly.”However, the future vision of shopping without a check-out person is still a work in progress. A Post reporter who visited a BingoBox store inShanghaiwas briefly locked in when trying to exit without buying anything. Although a sign near the exit stated that empty-handed customers can leave by scanning a QR code, no QR code was to be found. Repeated calls to the customer service hotline went unanswered.The idea of unmanned stores first caught the world’s attention in December last year. Equipped with technology such as RFID tags, mobile payment systems and facial and movement recognition, such stores collect large amounts of data that give operators a better idea of consumer preferences and buying habits, which can then be used to optimize (使最优化) operations and make more efficient inventory decisions. For companies like BingoBox, lower operating costs also mean it can afford to expand its reach to areas with less foot traffic or fewer people, according to its founder and chief executive ChenZilin.12. What makes BingoBox store look like an ordinary convenience store?A. No cashier to check out.B. A lone checkout counter.C. Shelves packed with goods.D. Entering by scanning a QR code.13. Why are unmanned stores popular with operators?A. The customers prefer mobile payment systems.B. The unmanned stores help improve profit with lower labor costs.C. The employees focus on consumer preferences and buying habits.D. The operators care more about operations and inventory decisions.14. Why is the reporter’s case mentioned in the passage?A. To show his anger and dissatisfaction.B. To warn people not to go to a BingoBox store.C. To explain unmanned stores still have a long way to go.D. To complain that QR code service is not convenient at all..15. What can we infer from the chief executive Chen Zilin?A. Nowadays all stores should be equipped with advanced technology.B. The operators collect data about consumer preferences and buying habits.C. BingoBox made wiser decisions based on the data collected in those unmanned stores.D. The operators can open unmanned supermarkets in more distant places with low cost.第二节(共5小题;每小题2分,满分10分)阅读下面短文,从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
广东省东莞市四海教育集团六校联考2019-2020年第一学期七年级(上)期中数学试卷 含解析
2019-2020学年七年级(上)期中数学试卷一、选择题(每小题2分,共20分)1.﹣2的相反数是()A.2 B.﹣2 C.D.2.有理数﹣10的倒数是()A.B.C.10 D.﹣10 3.在代数式40x2y3、﹣4x+6、2m﹣3n、﹣5、a中,单项式的个数是()A.1个B.2个C.3个D.4个4.下列各式中,一定成立的是()A.22=(﹣2)2B.23=(﹣2)3C.﹣22=|﹣22| D.(﹣2)3=|(﹣2)3|5.用科学记数法表示56 700 000,正确的是()A.567×105B.56.7×106C.5.67×107D.5.67×108 6.下列式子中正确的是()A.3a+b=3ab B.3mn﹣4mn=﹣1C.7a2+5a2=12a4D.4xy﹣5xy=﹣xy7.小华的存款x元,小林的存款比小华的一半还多2元,小林的存款是()A.B.)C.D.8.下列计算中,正确的是()A.﹣2(a+b)=﹣2a+b B.﹣2(a+b)=﹣2a﹣b2C.﹣2(a+b)=﹣2a﹣2b D.﹣2(a+b)=﹣2a+2b9.下列说法正确是()A.绝对值最小的数是1 B.绝对值最小的数0C.绝对值最大的数是1 D.﹣1是最大的负数10.若﹣1<a<0,则a,,a2的大小关系是()A.a<<a2B.<a<a2C.<a2<a D.a<a2<二、填空题(每小题3分,共15分)11.单项式的系数为.12.用四舍五入法,把0.25036精确到0.001是.13.多项式5x2+3xy3﹣1的次数是.14.若单项式3x2y n与﹣2x m y3是同类项,则m﹣n=.15.某年级举办足球循环赛,规则是:胜一场得3分,平一场得1分,输一场得﹣1分,某班比赛结果是胜3场平2场输4场,则该班得分.三.解答题(共65分)16.计算:63×(﹣)+(﹣)÷.17.计算:﹣0.5﹣(﹣3)+2.75﹣(+7).18.计算:﹣14﹣×[2﹣(﹣3)2].19.把下列各数在数轴上表示出来,并且用“>”号把它们连结起来.﹣3,﹣(﹣4),0,|﹣2.5|,﹣1.20.某文具店在一周的销售中,盈亏情况如表(盈余为正,单位:元)星期一星期二星期三星期四星期五星期六星期日合计﹣27.8 ﹣70.3 200 138.1 ﹣8 188 458 表中星期六的盈亏数被墨水涂污了,请你算出星期六的盈亏数,并说明星期六是盈还是亏?盈亏是多少?21.先合并同类项:3x2y﹣4xy2﹣3+5x2y+2xy2+5,再计算,其中x=,y=3.22.把下面的有理数填入它所属于的集合的大括号内:﹣5.3,+5,20%,0,,﹣7,﹣|﹣3|,﹣(﹣1.8)正数集合{ …}整数集合{ …}分数集合{ …}有理数集合{ …}23.买一个篮球需要x元,买一个排球需要y元,买一个足球需要z元,甲买5个篮球、7个排球、3个足球;乙买3个篮球、6个排球、4个足球,甲、乙两人共需要花费多少元?24.一张长方形桌子可坐6人,按图3将桌子拼在一起.(1)2张桌子拼在一起可坐人,4张桌子拼在一起可坐人,n张桌子拼在一起可坐人;(2)一家餐厅有40张这样的长方形桌子,按照上图的方式每5张拼成1张大桌子,则40张桌子可拼成8张大桌子,共可坐多少人?25.电动车厂本周计划每天生产200辆电动车,由于工人实行轮休,每天上班的人数不一定相等,实际每天生产量(与计划量相比)的增长值如表;星期一二三四五六日增减(辆)﹣5 +7 ﹣3 +4 +10 ﹣9 ﹣25 根据上面的记录,问:(1)星期几生产的电动车最多,是几辆?(2)生产最多的一天比生产最少的一天多多少辆?(3)若每台电动车的售价是350元,则本周的生产总额是多少元?参考答案与试题解析一.选择题(共10小题)1.﹣2的相反数是()A.2 B.﹣2 C.D.【分析】根据一个数的相反数就是在这个数前面添上“﹣”号,求解即可.【解答】解:﹣2的相反数是:﹣(﹣2)=2,故选:A.2.有理数﹣10的倒数是()A.B.C.10 D.﹣10【分析】直接利用倒数的定义得出答案.【解答】解:有理数﹣10的倒数是:﹣.故选:B.3.在代数式40x2y3、﹣4x+6、2m﹣3n、﹣5、a中,单项式的个数是()A.1个B.2个C.3个D.4个【分析】直接利用单项式的定义得出答案.【解答】解:在代数式40x2y3、﹣4x+6、2m﹣3n、﹣5、a中,单项式有:40x2y3、﹣5、a共3个.故选:C.4.下列各式中,一定成立的是()A.22=(﹣2)2B.23=(﹣2)3C.﹣22=|﹣22| D.(﹣2)3=|(﹣2)3|【分析】根据乘方的运算和绝对值的意义计算.【解答】解:A、22=(﹣2)2=4,正确;B、23=8,(﹣2)3=﹣8,错误;C、﹣22=﹣4,|﹣22|=4,错误;D、(﹣2)3=﹣8,|(﹣2)3|=8,错误.故选:A.5.用科学记数法表示56 700 000,正确的是()A.567×105B.56.7×106C.5.67×107D.5.67×108【分析】科学记数法的表示形式为a×10n的形式,其中1≤|a|<10,n为整数.确定n 的值时,要看把原数变成a时,小数点移动了多少位,n的绝对值与小数点移动的位数相同.当原数绝对值>1时,n是正数;当原数的绝对值<1时,n是负数.【解答】解:56 700 000=5.67×107,故选:C.6.下列式子中正确的是()A.3a+b=3ab B.3mn﹣4mn=﹣1C.7a2+5a2=12a4D.4xy﹣5xy=﹣xy【分析】分别根据合并同类项的法则逐一判断即可.【解答】解:A.3a与b不是同类项,所以不能合并,故本选项不合题意;B.3mn﹣4mn=﹣mn,故本选项不合题意;C.7a2+5a2=12a2,故本选项不合题意;D.4xy﹣5xy=﹣xy,正确,故本选项符合题意.故选:D.7.小华的存款x元,小林的存款比小华的一半还多2元,小林的存款是()A.B.)C.D.【分析】一个加数为小华存款的一半,一个加数为2.【解答】解:小华的存款的一半为:x,多2为:x+2.故选:A.8.下列计算中,正确的是()A.﹣2(a+b)=﹣2a+b B.﹣2(a+b)=﹣2a﹣b2C.﹣2(a+b)=﹣2a﹣2b D.﹣2(a+b)=﹣2a+2b【分析】根据去括号法则,逐一分析即可解答.【解答】解:A、﹣2(a+b)=﹣2a﹣2b,故错误;B、﹣2(a+b)=﹣2a﹣2b,故错误;C、﹣2(a+b)=﹣2a﹣2b,正确;D、﹣2(a+b)=﹣2a﹣2b,故错误;故选:C.9.下列说法正确是()A.绝对值最小的数是1 B.绝对值最小的数0C.绝对值最大的数是1 D.﹣1是最大的负数【分析】直接利用绝对值的性质分别分析得出答案.【解答】解:A、绝对值最小的数是0,故此选项错误;B、绝对值最小的数0,正确;C、绝对值最大的数是1,错误;D、﹣1是最大的负数,错误.故选:B.10.若﹣1<a<0,则a,,a2的大小关系是()A.a<<a2B.<a<a2C.<a2<a D.a<a2<【分析】取a=﹣,求=﹣2,,再根据﹣、﹣2、进行比较即可.【解答】解:∵﹣1<a<0,<a<0,a2>0,∴a2>a>,故选:B.二.填空题(共5小题)11.单项式的系数为.【分析】单项式的系数是单项式里面的数字因数.【解答】解:﹣的系数是﹣.故答案为:﹣.12.用四舍五入法,把0.25036精确到0.001是0.250 .【分析】把万分位上的数字3进行四舍五入即可.【解答】解:用四舍五入法,把0.25036精确到0.001是0.250,故答案为:0.250.13.多项式5x2+3xy3﹣1的次数是 4 .【分析】直接利用多项式的次数确定方法分析得出答案.【解答】解:多项式5x2+3xy3﹣1的次数是:3xy3的次数为4.故答案为:4.14.若单项式3x2y n与﹣2x m y3是同类项,则m﹣n=﹣1 .【分析】根据同类项的概念求解.【解答】解:∵单项式3x2y n与﹣2x m y3是同类项,∴m=2,n=3,则m﹣n=2﹣3=﹣1.故答案为:﹣1.15.某年级举办足球循环赛,规则是:胜一场得3分,平一场得1分,输一场得﹣1分,某班比赛结果是胜3场平2场输4场,则该班得7 分.【分析】足球循环赛,规则是:胜一场得+3分,平一场得+1分,输一场得﹣1分,根据题意可列算式计算.【解答】解:根据题意可列算式为:3×3+2×1+4×(﹣1)=9+2﹣4=7,即该班得7分.三.解答题(共10小题)16.计算:63×(﹣)+(﹣)÷.【分析】根据有理数的混合运算顺序和运算法则计算可得.【解答】解:原式=﹣28+(﹣)×14=﹣28﹣2=﹣30.17.计算:﹣0.5﹣(﹣3)+2.75﹣(+7).【分析】此题首先根据去括号法则去掉括号,然后利用有理数的加减法则即可求出结果.【解答】解:原式=﹣+3+2﹣7=﹣8+6=﹣2.18.计算:﹣14﹣×[2﹣(﹣3)2].【分析】按照有理数混合运算的顺序,先乘方后乘除最后算加减,有括号的先算括号里面的.【解答】解:原式=﹣1﹣×(2﹣9)=﹣1﹣×(﹣7)=﹣1+=.19.把下列各数在数轴上表示出来,并且用“>”号把它们连结起来.﹣3,﹣(﹣4),0,|﹣2.5|,﹣1.【分析】先在数轴上表示出来,再比较即可.【解答】解:﹣(﹣4)>|﹣2.5|>0>﹣1>﹣3.20.某文具店在一周的销售中,盈亏情况如表(盈余为正,单位:元)星期一星期二星期三星期四星期五星期六星期日合计﹣27.8 ﹣70.3 200 138.1 ﹣8 188 458 表中星期六的盈亏数被墨水涂污了,请你算出星期六的盈亏数,并说明星期六是盈还是亏?盈亏是多少?【分析】利用加减法法则,先计算星期六的盈亏钱数,再怕门店星期六的盈亏..【解答】解:458﹣188+27.8+70.3﹣200﹣138.1+8=38因为38>0,所以星期六盈利了,盈余38元.21.先合并同类项:3x2y﹣4xy2﹣3+5x2y+2xy2+5,再计算,其中x=,y=3.【分析】原式合并同类项得到最简结果,把x与y的值代入计算即可求出值.【解答】解:原式=8x2y﹣2xy2+2,当x=﹣,y=3时,原式=6+9+2=17.22.把下面的有理数填入它所属于的集合的大括号内:﹣5.3,+5,20%,0,,﹣7,﹣|﹣3|,﹣(﹣1.8)正数集合{ +5,20%,﹣(﹣1.8)…}整数集合{ +5,0,﹣7,﹣|﹣3| …}分数集合{ ﹣5.3,20%,,﹣(﹣1.8)…}有理数集合{ ﹣5.3,+5,20%,0,,﹣7,﹣|﹣3|,﹣(﹣1.8)…}【分析】根据有理数的分类填空.【解答】解:﹣|﹣3|=﹣3,﹣(﹣1.8)=1.8.正数集合{+5,20%,﹣(﹣1.8)}整数集合{+5,0,﹣7,﹣|﹣3|}分数集合{﹣5.3,20%,,﹣(﹣1.8)}有理数集合{﹣5.3,+5,20%,0,,﹣7,﹣|﹣3|,﹣(﹣1.8)}.故答案是:+5,20%,﹣(﹣1.8);+5,0,﹣7,﹣|﹣3|;﹣5.3,20%,,﹣(﹣1.8);﹣5.3,+5,20%,0,,﹣7,﹣|﹣3|,﹣(﹣1.8).23.买一个篮球需要x元,买一个排球需要y元,买一个足球需要z元,甲买5个篮球、7个排球、3个足球;乙买3个篮球、6个排球、4个足球,甲、乙两人共需要花费多少元?【分析】根据题意,可以计算出甲、乙两人共需要花费多少元,本题得以解决.【解答】解:由题意可得,(5x+7y+3z)+(3x+6y+4z)=5x+7y+3z+3x+6y+4z=(8x+13y+7z)(元),即甲、乙两人共需要花费(8x+13y+7z)元.24.一张长方形桌子可坐6人,按图3将桌子拼在一起.(1)2张桌子拼在一起可坐8 人,4张桌子拼在一起可坐12 人,n张桌子拼在一起可坐(4+2n)人;(2)一家餐厅有40张这样的长方形桌子,按照上图的方式每5张拼成1张大桌子,则40张桌子可拼成8张大桌子,共可坐多少人?【分析】(1)根据题目中的图形,可以发现所座人数的变化规律,从而可以解答本题;(2)根据(1)中的发现和题意,可以求得40张桌子可拼成8张大桌子,共可坐多少人.【解答】解:(1)由图可得,2张桌子拼在一起可坐:4+2×2=4+4=8(人),4张桌子拼在一起可坐:4+2×4=4+8=12(人),n张桌子拼在一起可坐:(4+2n)人,故答案为:8,12,(4+2n);(2)由题意可得,40张桌子可拼成8张大桌子,共可坐:(4+2×5)×8=(4+10)×8=14×8=112(人),即40张桌子可拼成8张大桌子,共可坐112人.25.电动车厂本周计划每天生产200辆电动车,由于工人实行轮休,每天上班的人数不一定相等,实际每天生产量(与计划量相比)的增长值如表;星期一二三四五六日增减(辆)﹣5 +7 ﹣3 +4 +10 ﹣9 ﹣25 根据上面的记录,问:(1)星期几生产的电动车最多,是几辆?(2)生产最多的一天比生产最少的一天多多少辆?(3)若每台电动车的售价是350元,则本周的生产总额是多少元?【分析】(1)根据表格列出算式,计算即可得到结果;(2)找出产量最多与最少的,相减即可得到结果;(3)根据表格中的数据先求出本周每天的产量,乘以售价可得结论.【解答】解:(1)200+10=210,答:星期五生产的电动车最多,是21辆;(2)根据题意得:10﹣(﹣25)=35,则生产最多的一天比生产最少的一天多35辆;广东省东莞市四海教育集团六校联考2019-2020年第一学期七年级(上)期中数学试卷含解析(3)﹣5+7﹣3+4+10﹣9﹣25=﹣21,200×7﹣21=1400﹣21=1379,1379×350=482650,则本周的生产总额是482650元.11 / 11。
广东省东莞市四海教育集团六校联考2019-2020学年七年级上学期数学期中考试试卷
广东省东莞市四海教育集团六校联考2019-2020学年七年级上学期数学期中考试试卷一、选择题(每小题2分,共20分)(共10题;共20分)1.有理数-2的相反数是()A. 2B. -2C.D.【答案】A【解析】【解答】解:(-2)的相反数为2.故答案为:A。
【分析】根据相反数的含义以及性质即可得到答案。
2.有理数-10的倒数是()A. B. C. 10 D. -10【答案】B【解析】【解答】解:-10的倒数为-故答案为:B.【分析】根据倒数的性质以及倒数的含义即可得到答案。
3.在代数式40x2y3、-4x+6、2m-3n、-5、a中,单项式的个数是()A. 1个B. 2个C. 3个D. 4个【答案】C【解析】【解答】解:40x2y3为单项式;-4x+6为多项式;2m-3n为多项式;-5为单项式;a为单项式故答案为:C。
【分析】根据单项式的性质以及含义即可得到答案。
4.下列各式一定成立的是()A. 22=(-2)2B. 23=(-2)3C. -22=|-22|D. -23=|(-2)3|【答案】A【解析】【解答】解:A.22=(-2)2=4正确;B.23=8≠(-2)3=-8,不正确;C.-22=-4≠|-22|=4,不正确;D.-23=-8≠|(-2)3|=8.故答案为:A。
【分析】根据奇数幂以及偶数幂的性质,结合绝对值进行判断即可得到答案。
5.用科学记数法表示56700 000,正确的是()A. 567×105B. 56.7×106C. 5.67×107D. 5.67×108【答案】C【解析】【解答】解:56700000用科学记数法表示为5.67×107故答案为:C。
【分析】根据科学记数法的含义以及性质进行判断即可得到答案。
6.下列式子中正确的是()A. 3a+b=3abB. 3mn-4mn=-1C. 7a2+5a2=12a4D. 4xy-5xy=-xy【答案】 D【解析】【解答】解:A.3a+b=3a+b,选项错误,不符合题意;B.3mn-4mn=-mn,选项错误,不符合题意;C.7a2+5a2=12a2,选项错误,不符合题意;D.4xy-5xy=-xy,选项正确,符合题意。
2019—2020学年东莞联考第一次模拟考试化学试卷及答案
2019—2020学年东莞联考第一次模拟考试九年级化学试卷说明:1.全卷共8页。
满分100分,考试时间60分钟。
2.答卷前,考生务必用黑色字迹的签字笔或钢笔在答题卡填写自己的准考证号、姓名、试室号、座位号.用2B铅笔把对应该号码的标号涂黑。
3.答选择题时,必须用2B铅笔将答题卡上第一大题中对应的小题所选的选项涂黑;若要修改必须用橡皮擦先擦去要修改的选项,再把重选的选项涂黑。
4.答非选择题时,必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔按各题要求写在答题卡上,不能用铅笔和红色字迹的笔。
若要修改,先划掉原来的答案,然后再写上新的答案;不准使用涂改液、不准超出边界。
5.可能用到的相对原子质量:H-l C-12O-16Na-23S-32 Cl-35.5 Cu-64 Fe-56一、选择题(本大题共15小题,每小题均只有一个选项符合题意。
每小题3分,共45分)1.下列变化中,属于物理变化的是()()A.干冰升华B.天然气燃烧C.葡萄酿酒D.光合作用2.下列有关物质的分类正确的是()A. 纯碱、烧碱都属于碱B. 塑料、羊毛属于合成材料C. 淀粉、蛋白质属于有机物D. 生石灰、熟石灰属于氧化物3. 下列涉及的化学观点,其说法不正确的是()A. 微粒观:春天百花盛开香气袭人,“香”是因为分子在不断运动B. 辩证观:氯化铵与草木灰均能促进植物生长,但二者混合施用会降低肥效C. 结构观:氢氧化钠与氢氧化钙溶夜具有相似的化学性质,是因为其溶液中含有相同的OH﹣D. 变化观:自来水厂通过沉淀、过滤、杀菌等方法生产自来水,这些净水方法均属于化学变化4.下列化学用语书写正确的是()A.三个二氧化硫分子:3SO3 B.两个氮气分子:2N+3C.Co元素的化合价:NaCoO2 D.一个镁离子:Mg+25.有关电解水的实验叙述中,错误..的是()A.可证明水由氢,氧元素组成B.与电源正极相连的一端产生氧气C.正,负极产生的气体质量比是1:2 D.在水中加少量稀硫酸可增强水的导电性6. 正确的化学实验操作对实验结果、人身安全非常重要。
东莞市重点中学市联考2019-2020学年语文七上期末模拟调研试卷(1)
东莞市重点中学市联考2019-2020学年语文七上期末模拟调研试卷(1)一、选择题1.下面各项中,成语使用有误的一项是()A.《吉尼斯世界纪录大全2016》中收录的各种怪诞不经....的比赛记录令人觉得不可思议.B.贵阳1号线开通首日,东西两边的客流量大相径庭....,东边冷冷清清,西边却热热闹闹.C.她减了又长回来,改食谱换新衣,这周神采奕奕....,下周又衣着邋遢.D.我今年去了黄果树瀑布,那里的行云流水....让人感到美不胜收.2.下列句子排序恰当的一项是()①“晚来天欲雪,能饮一杯无?”自然是江南日暮的雪景。
②“柴门闻犬吠,风雪夜归人”,是江南雪夜,更深人静后的景况。
③一提到雨,也就必然的要想到雪。
④借这几句诗来描写江南的雪景,岂不比我的文字直截了当,美丽得多?⑤“前村深雪里,昨夜一枝开”,又到了第二天的早晨,和狗一样喜欢弄雪的村童来报告村景了。
⑥“寒沙梅影路,微雪酒香村”,则雪月梅的冬宵三友,会合在一道,在撩逗酒姑娘了。
A.③①⑥②⑤④B.③⑤②⑥①④C.③⑥①②⑤④D.③②①⑥⑤④3.下边加点字读音有误的一项是A.啜.泣(chuò) 一堵.墙(dǔ) 峭.壁(qiào) 耸.立(sǒnɡ)B.崩.土(bēnɡ) 蓬.乱(pénɡ) 颤.抖(zhàn) 嶙峋.(xún)C.凝.视(nínɡ) 嘲.笑(cháo) 头晕.(yūn) 目眩.(xuàn)D.陡.峭(dǒu) 动弹.(tán) 摔.死(shuāi) 翼.翼(yì)4.下列词语中加点字的注音完全正确的一项是( )A.酷.热(kù) 厌倦.(juǎn) 暮.色(mù)B.附和.(hé) 突兀.(wù) 嘲.笑(cháo)C.哭泣.(qì) 呻吟.(yǐn) 凌.乱(línɡ)D.警.告(jǐnɡ) 犹豫.(yù) 抽噎.(yē)5.下列加点字的书写或注音有误的一项是()A.摇摆.牛棚.祷.告(dǎo)笑嘻.嘻(xī)B.跳舞.告诉.嗅.到(xiù)一声不响.(xiǎng)C.花瓣.廷.院膝.上(qī)罗摩衍.那(yǎn)D.沐.浴黄昏.匿.笑(nì)吉檀.迦利(tán)二、名句名篇默写6.古诗文名句填空。
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东莞市四海教育集团(东莞片区)七校联考试卷
2019-2020学年第一学期第一次阶段考查九年级数学
命题人:数学备课组 时间:2019.10
说明:1.全卷共4页,考试时间共100分钟,满分120分.
2.答卷前,考生务必将自己的座位号、考号、班别、姓名等按要求填写好.
3.答题必须用黑色字迹的钢笔或签字笔按要求答在答卷上,但不能用铅笔或红笔.
一、选择题(每题3分,共30分)
1.一元二次方程(2)(1)0x x +-=的根为( )
A .2x =-
B .1x =
C .12x =-,21x =
D .12x =,21x =-
2.将方程2410x x --=的左边变成平方的形式是( )
A .2(2)1x -=
B .2(4)1x -=
C .2(2)5x -=
D .2(1)4x -=
3.关于x 的方程2(1)320a x x --+=是一元二次方程,则( ).
A .0a >
B .0a ≠
C .1a >
D .1a ≠
4.已知一个等腰三角形的两条边恰好是方程2870x x -+=的两根,则此三角形的周长为(
). A .7 B .9 C .15 D .9或15
5.若关于y 的一元二次方程2210ky y --=有实根,则k 的取值范围是( ).
A .1k >-
B .1k ≥-且0k ≠
C .1k ≥-
D .1k >且0k ≠
6.已知1x ,2x 是关是于x 的一元二次方程210x nx +-=的两实数根,则式子12
11
x x +值是(
).
A .n -
B .1-
C .n
D .1
7.关于x 的一元二次方程22(1)10a x x a +++-=的一个根是0,则a 值为( ).
A .1
B .1-
C .1或1-
D .2-
8.一元二次方程2510x x --=的根的情况是( ).
A .有两个相等的实数根
B .有两个不相等的实数根
C .没有实数根
D .无法确定
9.某班同学毕业时都将自己的照片向全班其他同学各送一张表示留念,全班共选1035张照片,如果全班有x 名同学,根据题意,列出方程为( ).
A .(1)1035x x +=
B .(1)1035x x -=
C .1(1)10352x x +=
D .1(1)10352
x x -= 10.某饲料厂一月份生产饲料50吨,三月份生产饲料72吨,若二、三月份每月平均增长的百分率为x ,则有( ).
A .()250172x +=
B .2
50(1)72x += C .50(12)72x += D .272(1)50x += 二、填空题(每小题4分,共24分)
11.方程2410x -=的解是 .
12.若关于x 的方程2730x x -+=有两个实数根分别为1x ,2x ,则12x x += ,12x x ⋅= .
13.若2456x x ++与232x --的值互为相反数,则x = .
14.某村有一人患了登革热,经过两轮传染后共有144人患了登革热,每轮传染中平均一个人传染了 个人.
15.若关于x 的一元二次方程20ax bx c ++=一个根是1,且a 、b 满足等式3a =+,则c = .
16.代数式241x x -+的最小值是 .
三、解答题:用适当的方法解下列方程(每题6分,共18分)
17.2
3(1)12x +=
18.2810x x -+=
19.25410x x --=
四、解答题(每题7分,共21分)
20.已知关于x 的方程2(2)210x m x m +++-=.
(1)试判断该方程的根的情况;
(2)当m 为何值时,方程的两根互为相反数?并求出此时方程的解.
21.已知关于x 的一元二次方程230x x m +-=有实数根.
(1)求m 的取值范围;
(2)若1x ,2x 是原方程的两根,且22
1211x x +=,求m 的值.
22.如图,用长为36米的篱笆,一面利用墙(墙的最大可用长度为22米),围成中间隔有一道篱笆面积为96平方米的长方形花圃.求这个长方形花圃的边AB 与BC 的长度.
五、解答题(每题9分,共27分)
23.据媒体报道,我国2010年公民出境旅游总人数约5000万人次,2012年公民出境旅游总人数约7200万人次.若2011年、2012年公民出境旅游总人数逐年递增,请解答下列问题:
(1)求这两年我国公民出境旅游总人数的年平均增长率;
(2)如果2013年仍保持相同的年平均增长率,请你预测2013年我国公民出境旅游总人数约多少万人次?
24.某玩具厂生产一种玩具,按照控制成本降价促销的原则,使生产的玩具能够及时售出.据市场调查:每个玩具按80元销售时,每天可销售50个,若销售单价每降低1元,每天可多售出5个,但要求销售单价不得低于65元,已知每个玩具的固定成本为40元,问这种玩具的销售单价为多少元时,厂家每天可获利润3000元?
25.阅读下面的例题:
解方程:2||20x x --=
解:当0x ≥时,原方程化为220x x --=,解得:12x =,21x =-(不合题意,舍去);
当0x <时,原方程化为220x x +-=,解得:11x =,(不合题意,舍去)22x =-;
∴原方程的根是11x =,22x =-.
请参照例题解方程:2|1|10x x ---=.。