聚(N—乙烯己内酰胺)的合成研究

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N-乙烯基己内酰胺

N-乙烯基己内酰胺目录基本信息物理化学性质安全数据图谱信息2235-00-9 结构式知名试剂公司产品信息N-乙烯基己内酰胺价格(试剂级)供应商基本信息【中文】N-乙烯基己内酰胺【英文名称】1-ethenylazepan-2-one1-Ethenylhexahydro-2H-azepin-2-one1-vinylhexahydro-2h-azepin-2-oneN-VINYLCAPROLACTAMN-VINYL-EPSILON-CAPROLACTAMVINYLCAPROLACTAM1-ethenylhexahydro-2h-azepin-2-on2H-Azepin-2-one, 1-ethenylhexahydro-n-vinyl-N-VINYL-E-CAPROLACTAM1-Ethenyl-2,3,4,5,6,7-hexahydro-1H-azepin-2-one1-Vinyl-4,5,6,7-tetrahydro-1H-azepine-2(3H)-one1-Vinylhexahydro-1H-azepine-2-one【CAS】2235-00-9【中文名称】N-乙烯基己内酰胺1-乙烯基六氢-2H-Y庚因-2-酮乙烯基己内酰胺N-乙烯己内酰胺【EINECS 编号】218-787-6【分子式】C8H13NO【MDL 编号】MFCD00080693【分子量】139.19【MOL 文件】2235-00-9.mol物理化学性质【熔点】35-38 °C (dec.)(lit.)【沸点】128 °C21 mm Hg(lit.)【密度】1.029 g/mL at 25 °C(lit.)【折射率】1.【闪点】214 °F安全数据【危险品标志】Xn【危险类别码】R22-R41Risk PhrasesIndication of Particular RisksR1:Explosive when dry2:Risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition3: Extreme risk of explosion by shock, friction, fire or other sources of ignition4: Forms very sensitive explosive metallic compounds 5: Heating may cause an explosion6: Explosive with or without contact with air7: May cause fire8: Contact with combustible material may cause fire9: Explosive when mixed with combustible material 10: Flammable11: Highly Flammable12: Extremely Flammable14: Reacts violently with water15: Contact with water liberates extremely flammable gases16: Explosive when mixed with oxidizing substances 17: Spontaneously flammable in air18: In use may form flammable/explosive vapor-air mixture19: May form explosive peroxides20: Harmful by inhalation21: Harmful in contact with skin22: Harmful if swallowed23: Toxic by inhalation24: Toxic in contact with skin25: Toxic if swallowed26: Very Toxic by inhalation27: Very Toxic in contact with skin28: Very Toxic if swallowed29: Contact with water liberates toxic gas30: Can become highly flammable in use31: Contact with acids liberates toxic gas 35: Causes severe burns36: Irritating to the eyes37: Irritating to the respiratory system38: Irritating to the skin39: Danger of very serious irreversible effects 40: Limited evidence of a carcinogenic effect 41: Risk of serious damage to eyes42: May cause sensitization by inhalation43: May cause sensitization by skin contact 44: Risk of explosion if heated under confineme 45: May cause cancer46: May cause heritable genetic damage48: Danger of serious damage to health by exposure49: May cause cancer by inhalation50: Very Toxic to aquatic organisms51: Toxic to aquatic organisms52: Harmful to aquatic organisms53: May cause long-term adverse effects in th environment54: Toxic to flora55: Toxic to fauna56: Toxic to soil organisms57: Toxic to bees58: May cause long-term adverse effects environment59: Dangerous for the ozone layer60: May impair fertility61: May cause harm to the unborn child62: Possible risk of impaired fertility63: Possible risk of harm to the unborn child 64: May cause harm to breast-fed babies65: Harmful: May cause lung damage if swallow 66: Repeated exposure may cause skin dr32: Contact with acids liberates very toxic gas 33: Danger of cumulative effects34: Causes burnscracking67: Vapors may cause drowsiness and dizziness68: Possible risk of irreversible effectsRisk PhrasesCombination of Particular Risks14/15:Reacts violently with water, liberating extremely flammable gases15/29: Contact with water liberates toxic, extremely flammable gas20/21: Harmful by inhalation and in contact with skin 20/21/22: Harmful by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed20/22: Harmful by inhalation and if swallowed21/22: Harmful in contact with skin and if swallowed23/24: Toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin 23/24/25: Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed23/25: Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed24/25: Toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed26/27: Very Toxic by inhalation and in contact with skin 26/27/28: Very Toxic by inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed26/28: Very Toxic by inhalation and if swallowed27/28: Very Toxic in contact with skin and if swallowed36/37: Irritating to eyes and respiratory system 36/37/38: Irritating to eyes, respiratory system and skin 36/38: Irritating to eyes and skin37/38: Irritating to respiratory system and skin39/23: Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation39/23/24: Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation in contact with skin39/23/24/25: Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and ifswallowed48/20: Harmful: danger of serious damagprolonged exposure through inhalatio 48/20/21: Harmful: danger of serious damagprolonged exposure through inhacontact with skin48/20/21/22: Harmful: danger of serious damagprolonged exposure through inhacontact with skin and if swallowed 48/20/22: Harmful: danger of serious damagprolonged exposure through inhaswallowed48/21: Harmful: danger of serious damagprolonged exposure in contact with s 48/21/22: Harmful: danger of serious damagprolonged exposure in contact wiswallowed48/22: Harmful: danger of serious damagprolonged exposure if swallowed 48/23: Toxic: danger of serious damageprolonged exposure through inhalatio 48/23/24: Toxic: danger of serious damageprolonged exposure through inhacontact with skin48/23/24/25: Toxic: danger of serious damageprolonged exposure through inhalawith skin and if swallowed48/23/25: Toxic: danger of serious damageprolonged exposure through inhaswallowed48/24: Toxic: danger of serious damageprolonged exposure in contact with s39/23/25: Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effectsthrough inhalation and if swallowed 39/24:Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin39/24/25:Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed39/25: Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects ifswallowed39/26: Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversibleeffects through inhalation39/26/27: Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversibleeffects through inhalation and in contact with skin39/26/27/28: Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversibleeffects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed39/26/28: Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversibleeffects through inhalation and if swallowed 39/27: Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversibleeffects in contact with skin39/27/28:Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversible effects in contact with skin and if swallowed 39/28: Very Toxic: danger of very serious irreversibleeffects if swallowed42/43: May cause sensitization by inhalation and skincontact48/24/25: Toxic: danger of serious damage to health byprolonged exposure in contact with skin and if swallowed48/25: Toxic: danger of serious damage to health byprolonged exposure if swallowed50/53: Very Toxic to aquatic organisms, may causelong-termadverseeffectsintheaquaticenvironment51/53: Toxic to aquatic organisms, may cause long-termadverse effects in the aquatic environment 52/53:Harmful to aquatic organisms, may cause long-term adverse effects in the aquatic environment 68/20:Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation68/20/21:Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and in contact with skin68/20/21/22:Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation, in contact with skin and if swallowed 68/20/22:Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects through inhalation and if swallowed68/22: Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects ifswallowed68/21: Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects incontact with skin68/21/22: Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects incontact with skin and if swallowed68/22: Harmful: possible risk of irreversible effects ifswallowedSafety PhrasesIndication of Safety PrecautionsS1: Keep locked up2: Keep out of the reach of children 3: Keep in a cool place 4: Keep away from living quarters5: Keep contents under ... (appropriate liquid to be37: Wear suitable gloves38: In case of insufficient ventilation, werespiratory equipment 39: Wear eye/face protection40:To clean the floor and all objects contaminspecified by the manufacturer)6: Keep under ... (inert gas to be specified by the manufacturer)7: Keep container tightly closed8: Keep container dry9: Keep container in a well-ventilated place12: Do not keep the container sealed13: Keep away from food, drink and animal feeding stuffs 14: Keep away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer)15: Keep away from heat16: Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking17: Keep away from combustible material18: Handle and open container with care20: When using, do not eat or drink21: When using, do not smoke22: Do not breathe dust23: Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapor/spray (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer)24: Avoid contact with skin25: Avoid contact with eyes26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice27: Take off immediately all contaminated clothing28: After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of ... (to be specified by the manufacturer)29: Do not empty into drains30: Never add water to this product33: Take precautionary measures against static discharges 35: This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe way36: Wear suitable protective clothingmaterial use ... (to be specified by the manufacturer) 41: In case of fire and/or explosion do not breathe fumes 42: During fumigation/spraying wear suitable respiratory equipment (appropriate wording to be specified)43: In case of fire, use ... (indicate in the space the precise type of fire-fighting equipment. If water increases the risk add - Never use water)45: In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek medical advice immediately (show label where possible)46: If swallowed, seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label47: Keep at temperature not exceeding ... E C (to be specified by the manufacturer)48: Keep wetted with ... (appropriate material to be specified by the manufacturer)49: Keep only in the original container50: Do not mix with ... (to be specified by the manufacturer) 51: Use only in well-ventilated areas52: Not recommended for interior use on large surface areas53: Avoid exposure - obtain special instruction before use 56: Dispose of this material and its container to hazardous or special waste collection point57: Use appropriate container to avoid environmental contamination59: Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling60: This material and/or its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste61: Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions safety data sheet62: If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label 63: In case of accident by inhalation, remove casualty to fresh air and keep at rest64: If swallowed, rinse mouth with water (only if the person is conscious)Safety PhrasesCombination of Safety Precautions1/2: Keep locked up and out of the reach of children 3/7: Keep container tightly closed in a cool place 3/9/14: Keep in a cool well-ventilated place away from ...(incompatiblematerialstobeindicatedbymanufacturer)3/9/14/49: Keep only in the original container in a coolwell-ventilated place away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by manufacturer) 3/9/49: Keep only in the original container in a coolwell-ventilated place3/14: Keep in a cool place away from ... (incompatiblematerials to be indicated by the manufacturer) 7/8: Keep container tightly closed and dry7/9: Keep container tightly closed and in a well-ventilated place7/47:Keep container tightly closed and at a temperature not exceeding ... °C (to be specified by manufacturer) 20/21: When using, do not eat, drink or smoke24/25: Avoid contact with skin and eyes27/28: After contact with skin, take off immediately allcontaminated clothing and wash imediately with plenty of.... (to be specified by the manufacturer) 29/35:Do not empty into drains, dispose of this container and it's material in a safe way29/56:Do not empty into drains, dispose of this material and its container to hazardous or special waste-collection point36/37: Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves 36/37/39:Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection36/39: Wear suitable protective clothing and eye/faceprotection37/39: Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection 47/49:Keep only in the original container at temperature not exceeding ... °C (to be specified by manufacturer)FLUKA BRAND F CODESF 1 Sensitive to air and humidity.F 2 Sensitive to air and CO2. F 3 Hygroscopic.F 4 Do not heat over …°C. 1 = 10 °C 2 = 20 °C3 = 30 °C4 = 40 °C5 = 50 °C6 = 60 °C7 = 70 °C8 = 80 °C9 = 90 °C 10 = 100 °C 11 = 110 °CF 5 Dry material may explode. F 6 Reacts with acids.F 7 Keep under CO2. F 8 Photosensitive. F 9 Keep under nitrogen. F 10 Keep under argon. F 11 Keep under inert gas. F 12 Shake before use. F 13 Malodorous.F 14 Carefully observe warning label. F 15 Limited shelf life. F 16 Decomposes easily.F 17 May decompose by explosion.F 18 Must be handled by instructed people only.F 19 Lachrymator.F 24 Spontaneously flammable with alcohol. F 25 Keep under CO.F 26 Before distillation test for absence of peroxides.F 27 Cool before opening.F 28 May become cloudy (Polyformaldehyde). F 29 Spontaneously flammable when dry. F 30 Sediment unavoidable. F 31 Do not puncture.F 32 Avoid contact with heavy metal salts especially iron salts. F 33 Causes fall in blood pressure. F 34 Sensitive to CO2.F 35 Narcotic effects. F 36 Extremely sensitive to air.12 = 120 °C13 = 130 °C14 = 140 °C15 = 150 °C F 20 Not to be swallowed.F 21 Sensitive to humidity.F 22 Keep dust-free in the dark.F 23 Sensitive to air.PICTOGRAMS AND HAZARD CODESB Biohazard F Highly FlammableF+ExtremelyFlammableO OxidizingC Corrosive Xn HarmfulXi IrritantR RadioactiveE Explosive N Dangerous for theenvironmentT ToxicT+ Very Toxic【安全说明】S26-S39Safety PhrasesIndication of Safety PrecautionsS1: Keep locked up2: Keep out of the reach of children3: Keep in a cool place4: Keep away from living quarters5: Keep contents under ... (appropriate liquid to be specified by the manufacturer)6: Keep under ... (inert gas to be specified by the manufacturer)7: Keep container tightly closed8: Keep container dry9: Keep container in a well-ventilated place12: Do not keep the container sealed13: Keep away from food, drink and animal feeding stuffs 14: Keep away from ... (incompatible materials to be indicated by the manufacturer)15: Keep away from heat16: Keep away from sources of ignition - No smoking 37: Wear suitable gloves38: In case of insufficient ventilation, wear respiratory equipment39: Wear eye/face protection40: To clean the floor and all objects contaminate material use ... (to be specified by the manufac 41: In case of fire and/or explosion do not breathe 42: During fumigation/spraying wear suitable re equipment (appropriate wording to be specified 43: In case of fire, use ... (indicate in the space th type of fire-fighting equipment. If water incre risk add - Never use water)45: In case of accident or if you feel unwell, seek advice immediately (show label where possible 46: If swallowed, seek medical advice immedia show this container or label47: Keep at temperature not exceeding ... E17: Keep away from combustible material18: Handle and open container with care20: When using, do not eat or drink21: When using, do not smoke22: Do not breathe dust23: Do not breathe gas/fumes/vapor/spray (appropriate wording to be specified by the manufacturer)24: Avoid contact with skin25: Avoid contact with eyes26: In case of contact with eyes, rinse immediately with plenty of water and seek medical advice27: Take off immediately all contaminated clothing28: After contact with skin, wash immediately with plenty of ... (to be specified by the manufacturer)29: Do not empty into drains30: Never add water to this product33: Take precautionary measures against static discharges 35: This material and its container must be disposed of in a safe way36: Wear suitable protective clothingspecified by the manufacturer)48: Keep wetted with ... (appropriate material to be specified by the manufacturer)49: Keep only in the original container50: Do not mix with ... (to be specified by the manufacturer) 51: Use only in well-ventilated areas52: Not recommended for interior use on large surface areas53: Avoid exposure - obtain special instruction before use 56: Dispose of this material and its container to hazardous or special waste collection point57: Use appropriate container to avoid environmental contamination59: Refer to manufacturer/supplier for information on recovery/recycling60: This material and/or its container must be disposed of as hazardous waste61: Avoid release to the environment. Refer to special instructions safety data sheet62: If swallowed, do not induce vomiting: seek medical advice immediately and show this container or label 63: In case of accident by inhalation, remove casualty to fresh air and keep at rest64: If swallowed, rinse mouth with water (only if the person is conscious)Safety Phrases Combination of Safety Precautions1/2: Keep locked up and out of the reach of children3/7: Keep container tightly closed in a cool place 3/9/14: Keep in a cool well-ventilated place away from ...(incompatible materials to be indicated bymanufacturer)3/9/14/49: Keep only in the original container in a cool well-ventilated place away from ... (incompatiblematerials to be indicated by manufacturer) 3/9/49: Keep only in the original container in a cool 24/25: Avoid contact with skin and eyes27/28: After contact with skin, take off immed contaminated clothing and wash imediately wof.... (to be specified by the manufacturer) 29/35: Do not empty into drains, dispose of this cont it's material in a safe way29/56: Do not empty into drains, dispose of this ma its container to hazardous or special waste-pointwell-ventilated place3/14: Keep in a cool place away from ... (incompatiblematerials to be indicated by the manufacturer)7/8: Keep container tightly closed and dry7/9:Keep container tightly closed and in a well-ventilated place7/47:Keep container tightly closed and at a temperature not exceeding ... °C (to be specified by manufacturer) 20/21: When using, do not eat, drink or smoke36/37: Wear suitable protective clothing and gloves 36/37/39: Wear suitable protective clothing, gloves and eye/face protection 36/39: Wear suitable protective clothing and eye/face protection 37/39: Wear suitable gloves and eye/face protection 47/49:Keep only in the original container at temperature not exceeding ... °C (to be specified by manufacturer) FLUKA BRAND F CODESF 1 Sensitive to air and humidity. F 2 Sensitive to air and CO2. F 3 Hygroscopic. F 4 Do not heat over …°C. 1 = 10 °C 2 = 20 °C 3 = 30 °C 4 = 40 ° C 5 = 50 ° C 6 = 60 °C 7 = 70 °C 8 = 80 °C 9 = 90 °C 10 = 100 °C 11 = 110 °C 12 = 120 °C 13 = 130 °C 14 = 140 °C 15 = 150 °C F 5 Dry material may explode. F 6 Reacts with acids. F 7 Keep under CO2. F 8 Photosensitive. F 9 Keep under nitrogen. F 10 Keep under argon. F 11 Keep under inert gas. F 12 Shake before use. F 13 Malodorous. F 14 Carefully observe warning label. F 15 Limited shelf life. F 16 Decomposes easily. F 17 May decompose by explosion. F 18 Must be handled by instructed people only. F 19 Lachrymator.F 20 Not to be swallowed.F 21 Sensitive to humidity.F 22 Keep dust-free in the dark.F 23 Sensitive to air.F 24 Spontaneously flammable with alcohol. F 25 Keep under CO.F 26 Before distillation test for absence of peroxides.F 27 Cool before opening.F 28 May become cloudy (Polyformaldehyde). F 29 Spontaneously flammable when dry. F 30 Sediment unavoidable.F 31 Do not puncture.F 32 Avoid contact with heavy metal salts especially iron salts.F 33 Causes fall in blood pressure.F 34 Sensitive to CO2.F 35 Narcotic effects.F 36 Extremely sensitive to air.PICTOGRAMS AND HAZARD CODESB Biohazard F Highly FlammableF+ Extremely FlammableO OxidizingC Corrosive Xn Harmful Xi Irritant R RadioactiveE Explosive N Dangerous for the environment T ToxicT+ Very Toxic【WGK Germany 】3图谱信息【图谱信息】N-乙烯基己内酰胺(2235-00-9)核磁图(13CNMR)N-乙烯基己内酰胺(2235-00-9)红外图谱(IR1)N-乙烯基己内酰胺(2235-00-9)质谱(MS)N-乙烯基己内酰胺(2235-00-9)核磁图(1HNMR)知名试剂公司产品信息【Alfa Aesar】N-乙烯-ε-己内酰胺,99%N-Vinyl-epsilon-caprolactam, 99%(2235-00-9)【Sigma Aldrich】2235-00-9(sigmaaldrich)【TCI Shanghai】N-乙烯基己内酰胺N-Vinyl-epsilon-caprolactam,>98.0%(GC)(2235-00-9)。

用 MADIX／RAFT 聚合合成聚（N－乙烯基己内酰胺）

用 MADIX／RAFT 聚合合成聚（N－乙烯基己内酰胺）王德强;刘玲琪;何福喜;闵晓燕;毕韵梅【摘要】Macromolecular design via interchange of xanthates( MADIX)/reversible addition-fragmentation chain transfer ( RAFT ) polymerizations have demonstrated the most promise for the controlled polymerization of unconjugated monomers.A bis( bromopropionate ) was first synthesized by reaction of ethylene glycol with 2-bromopropionyl bromide.The resulting bromo end groups were converted to two chain transfer end groups ( O-ethyl xanthate ) via a substitution reaction with potassium ethyl xanthogenate , yielding a xanthate difunctional chain transfer agent ( CTA ).Poly ( N-vinylcaprolactam ) was synthesized via MADIX/RAFT polymerization of N-vinylcaprolactam by employing the CTA.The structure of the polymer and its intermediate products was characterized by 1 H NMR spectra.%MADIX／RAFT聚合是黄原酸酯调控的可逆加成－断裂链转移自由基聚合，它可用于调控非共轭单体的活性／可控自由基聚合。

己内酰胺生产工艺的研究进展

1. 3 己内酯法
本法是环己烷经氧化生成环己酮后 ,不经肟化、转位 ,直接生成己内酰胺 ,这样就可以不用 SO2 、发烟 H2 SO4 ,因此 ,也不生成副产品 (NH4 ) 2 SO4 。此法包括如下 2 个化学反应 : ( 1 )用过醋酸 ,于 30 ～ 40℃下将环己酮氧化为己内脂 ; ( 2)在催化剂 (N i Re或 Pd /C)的作用下 ,于 175 ～220℃、1 ～3. 5M Pa
己内酰胺是化纤和工程塑料的重要原料 ,产品与国民经济的发展和人民生活息息相关 ,随着国民经济的快速发展和人民生活水平的逐步提高 ,对己内酰胺产品的需求日益增长 ,国产己内酰胺只能满足 1 /3的需求量 ,己内酰胺被列为国家鼓励发展的产品。目前 ,世界上有 20 多个国家和地区的 40 多家公司、工厂在应用不同的工艺路线生产己内酰胺。
己内酰胺生产的工艺路线较多 ,根据是否用环己酮作为中间产物 ,其可粗分为环己酮法和非环己酮法。
1 环己酮法
环己酮法是通过环己酮与羟胺反应生成环己酮肟 ,环己酮肟在发烟 H2 SO4 存在下进行贝克曼转位反应得到转位产物 ,转位产物经中和、分离、萃取等精制、提纯工序后得到己内酰胺 ,这里环己酮和羟胺的制备、环己酮肟在发烟 H2 SO4 存在下进行贝克曼转位反应又有多种方法 ,下面逐一进行介绍。
- 1作为催化剂等方法以提高环己酮的收率 [ 8 ] 。浙江巨化集团公司锦纶厂环己酮生产装置在环己烷氧化制环己醇、环己酮过程中 ,向进入氧化反应器的环己烷中连续加入 0. 05 ～1 ×10 - 6的积二膦酸酯 ,作为氧化反应器金属器壁和物料夹带微量金属离子的钝化剂 ,减少环己基过氧化氢在氧化反应器中的分解 ;氧化产物两步分解等我国科研人员自主研发的专利技术后 [ 9, 10 ] ,使每吨环己酮消耗苯降到

几种多孔有机骨架材料的合成方法探索和性质研究

几种多孔有机骨架材料的合成方法探索和性质研究一、概括近年来随着生物材料领域的发展，多孔有机骨架材料在药物传递、组织工程和生物传感器等方面具有广泛的应用前景。

为了满足这一需求，研究人员不断探索新的合成方法和性能优化策略。

本文对几种多孔有机骨架材料的合成方法进行了深入研究，并对其性质进行了详细探讨。

首先我们介绍了多孔有机骨架材料的基本概念、分类和应用领域；接着，我们重点讨论了几种典型的多孔有机骨架材料的合成方法，包括溶剂热法、溶胶凝胶法、电化学沉积法等；我们对比分析了这些合成方法的优缺点，并探讨了如何通过结构设计和表面修饰等手段来提高多孔有机骨架材料的性能。

通过对这些研究结果的综合分析，我们为今后多孔有机骨架材料的研究和应用提供了有益的参考。

1.1 研究背景和意义随着科学技术的不断发展，人们对多孔有机骨架材料的研究越来越重视。

多孔有机骨架材料具有优良的吸附性能、生物相容性、可降解性等优点，因此在生物医学、环境工程、能源材料等领域具有广泛的应用前景。

然而目前的多孔有机骨架材料种类繁多，合成方法也各不相同，这给实际应用带来了一定的困难。

因此对多孔有机骨架材料的合成方法进行深入研究，探索其合成规律和性质特点，对于推动多孔有机骨架材料的发展具有重要的理论和实践意义。

首先研究多孔有机骨架材料的合成方法有助于丰富和完善现有的材料科学体系。

目前多孔有机骨架材料的合成方法主要分为模板法、溶胶凝胶法、电化学沉积法、化学气相沉积法等多种方法。

通过对这些方法的深入研究，可以为其他类似材料的合成提供理论指导和实验依据。

其次研究多孔有机骨架材料的合成方法有助于提高材料性能，不同的合成方法会导致材料结构和性能的差异。

例如模板法可以实现精确的晶体结构控制，从而得到具有特定形貌和结构的多孔材料；而溶胶凝胶法则可以通过调控反应条件来实现材料的多功能化。

因此深入研究多孔有机骨架材料的合成方法，有助于开发出性能更优异的新型材料。

研究多孔有机骨架材料的合成方法有助于解决实际问题，例如在生物医学领域，多孔有机骨架材料可以作为药物载体、组织工程支架等用于疾病治疗；在环境工程领域，多孔有机骨架材料可以作为吸附剂、过滤材料等用于污染物处理；在能源材料领域，多孔有机骨架材料可以作为电极、储氢材料等用于新能源开发。

N-乙烯基己内酰胺的合成及放大

收稿日期：２０１２—０４—１２基金项目：甘肃省技术研究与开发专项（１ｌＯ５ ’ＹＡＯＯ５），甘肃
省精细化工重点实验室支持项目作者简介：赵坤（１９８４一），男，甘肃会宁人，硕士，助理工程师．
目前，文献报道的以乙炔路线合成ＮＶＣＬ的工艺基本上都是采用一锅法，用己内酰胺和氢氧化钾制备催化剂己内酰胺钾盐］，制备过程中反应生成的水很难除尽，使部分制备的钾盐发生水解，从而导致催化效率差，反应转化率低，反应时问过长，同时脱水需要大量的溶剂，增加了生产成本．且合成过程中有大量的聚合副产物产生，产品收率较低．
ＳｙｎｔｈｅｓｉｓｏｆＮ－ｖｉｎｙｌｃａｐｒｏｌａｃｔａｍａｎｄｉｔｓｓｃａｌｅ－ｕｐｅｘｐｅｒｉｍｅｎｔ
ＺＨＡＯＫｕｎ＇，ＺＨＡＮＧＰｅｎｇ－ｙｕｎ，ＨＡＮＱｉｎｇ－ｒｏｎｇＰＥＮＧＷｅｉ－ｅｎ，ＬＩＣｈｕｎ－ｘｉｎ，ＬＩＵＹｉｎ
（１．ＧａｎｓｕＲｅｓｅａｒｃｈＩｎｓｔｉｔｕｔｅｏｆＣｈｅｍｉｃａｌＩｎｄｕｓｔｒｙ，Ｌａｍｈｏｕ７３００２０，Ｃｈｉｎａ；２．ＣｏｌｌｅｇｅｏｆＰｅｔｒｏｃｈｅｍｉｃａｌＴｅｃｈｎｏｌｏｇｙ，ＬａｎｚｈｏｕＵｎｉｖ．ｏｆＴｅｃｋ，Ｌａｎｚｈｏｕ７３００５０，Ｃｈｉｈａ）
赵坤ｈ，张鹏云，韩庆荣，彭维恩，李春新，刘茵
（１．甘肃省化工研究院．甘肃兰州７３００２０ｌ州７３００５０）
摘要：以已内酰胺和乙炔为原料，己内豌胺与叔丁醇钾制得的己内酰胺钾盐为催化剂，对叔丁基邻苯二酚为阻聚剂合成Ｎ乙烯基已内酰胺．考察催化剂用量、阻聚剂用量、搅拌速率、反应温度及反应时闻对产品收率的影响．用红外光谱仪、核磁共振波谱和质谱对产品结构进行表征．并依据小试条件进行放大实验．结果表明：在催化荆用量为３．５，阻聚剂用量为０．０４（以己内酰胺质量计），搅拌速率２００ｒ／ｍｉｎ，温度９ｏ℃ ，反应８ｈ的优化工艺条件下，产品收率为７５．４，质量分数达９９．８７．放大４０倍后，产品收率为７４．６．关键词：己内酰胺，叔丁醇钾；乙炔｝Ｎ－乙烯基已内酰胺，放大中图分类号：ＴＱ４６３．３文献标识码ｌＡ

n-乙烯基己内酰胺的结构特点

n-乙烯基己内酰胺的结构特点
n-乙烯基己内酰胺（N-vinylcaprolactam）是一种重要的有机化合物，具有以下结构特点：
1. 分子结构，n-乙烯基己内酰胺的分子式为 C10H17NO2，结构中含有一个己内酰胺环和一个乙烯基基团，这种结构使得它具有独特的性质和用途。

2. 乙烯基基团，n-乙烯基己内酰胺分子中含有乙烯基基团，这使得它具有较强的活性，可以参与许多重要的化学反应，例如聚合反应和交联反应。

3. 己内酰胺环，该化合物中含有己内酰胺环，这使得它在聚合反应中能够提供良好的亲水性和亲油性，从而影响其在材料科学和生物医学领域的应用。

4. 物理性质，n-乙烯基己内酰胺是一种白色至浅黄色固体，具有良好的溶解性和热稳定性，这些物理性质使得它在聚合物材料的制备中具有广泛的应用前景。

5. 应用特点，由于其特殊的结构和性质，n-乙烯基己内酰胺在
医药、化妆品、食品包装、油墨、涂料等领域具有重要的应用价值，例如可以用于生物医学材料的制备、水性涂料的改性等。

总的来说，n-乙烯基己内酰胺具有独特的分子结构和多种应用
特点，使得它在化工和材料科学领域具有重要的地位和广泛的应用
前景。

双重响应N-乙烯基己内酰胺、甲基丙烯酸共聚微凝胶的研究

物；别利用光散射技术和浊度法考察了微凝胶的温度响应性和ｐ响应性，果表明这分Ｈ结些微凝胶具有良好的温度和ｐ响应性。Ｈ关键词：凝胶；淀聚合；温度响应性；Ｈ响应性微沉ｐ中图分类号：３Ｏ６１文献标识码：Ａ
双重响应Ｎ一乙烯基己内酰胺、甲基丙烯酸共聚微凝胶的研究
程祥胜，马晓梅，邢雅成
（岛大学化学化工与环境学院，山东青岛２６７）青６０１摘要：以Ｎ一乙烯基己内酰胺、甲基丙烯酸为单体，Ｎ一甲基双丙烯酰胺为交联剂，Ｎ，亚过硫酸钾为引发剂，利用沉淀聚合法合成了一系列具有ｐ和温度双重响应性的微凝胶。Ｈ利用红外光谱技术对微凝胶进行了结构表征，结果表明，制备的微凝胶是两种单体的共聚
程祥胜，：双重响应Ｎ一等乙烯基己内酰胺、甲基丙烯酸共聚微凝胶的研究
６ｌ
Ｎ一乙烯基己内酰胺（Ｌ，ＶＣ）纯度为９．，肃省化工研究院提供，接使用；８７甘直甲基丙烯酸（ＭＡＡ）分，
物相容性差等缺点。研究发现另一类热力学响应性聚合物一聚（一Ｎ乙烯基己内酰胺）ＰＬ）它的体积相（ＶＣ，
转变温度范围在３￣４００℃ （ＰＰ与ＮＩＡＭ接近）非常接近人体的生理学温度，，另外还具有高的配位性质和良好的成膜性，在人体内不会引起排斥反应，］且水解后低毒、没有氨基衍生物的生成＿。国外有些研究者已３］经考察了部分基于ＶＣＬ体系的微凝胶，Ａ．ｍａ等报道了Ｎ一如Ｉｚ乙烯基己内酰胺基微凝胶的合成和表征，并

聚乙烯醇与聚己内酰胺合金膜材料制备及其性能表征

收稿日期：０６— ９— ２０００４
基金项目：安徽省重点科研基金资助项目（５２０６００１２）作者简介：高素莲（９６一）女，１４，安徽五河人，安徽大学教授
维普资讯
第聚己内酰胺合金膜材料制备及其性能表征
１１仪器与试剂．
Ｎｘｓ８０型傅立叶变换红外光谱仪（Ｉ美国Ｎｃｏｅ公司）ｅｕ．７丌Ｒ，ｉｃｌｔ；Ｐｒ．型功率补偿型差示扫描量热仪（Ｓ美国Ｐｙｓ１ｉＤＣ，Ｅ公司）；Ｐｒ．型热重分析仪（Ｇ，国Ｐｙｓ１ｉＴ美Ｅ公司）；Ｊ２０Ｃ０８型接触角测定仪（海中晨公司）上；乌氏粘度计（毛细管内径０５ｍ～．ｍ上海申立玻璃仪器有限公司）．ｍ０６ｍ，；ＷＺ．型阿贝折光仪（ＳＩ上海精密科学仪器有限公司）．聚己内酰胺（Ａ６上海化学试剂站分装厂）Ｐ－，；
溶液之间有很好的相容性．
０２００１８０６ｌ
：Ｄ
０４１
１２０１
５：０３：０２：０１：００１０同样方法配制总质量浓度为８ｍｇｍ０５．０７．０８，０９，：０．０／Ｌ的ＰＡＰ－列共混浓溶Ｖ／Ａ６系
液，以蒸馏水为沉淀剂，制备出ＰＡＰ－Ｖ／Ａ６系列固体共混物．
溶解．聚己内酰胺（Ａ６成膜性差，Ｐ－）凝胶膜易自发收缩起皱．因此，单一的ＰＡ、Ａ６膜材料在膜分离ＶＰ－科学领域里应用均受到限制．献已报道了用纤维素对ＰＡ合金化改性，迄今为止用Ｐ－文Ｖ但Ａ６对

天然气水合物抑制剂DVP的合成及性能研究

天然气水合物抑制剂DVP的合成及性能研究李欢;孙丽;唐坤利;吴洋;鲁雪梅【摘要】合成了新型动力学天然气水合物抑制剂DVP,以四氢呋喃法(THF)对其性能进行了评价.DVP的最佳合成条件为:n(N-乙烯己内酰胺):n(丙烯醇):n(甲基丙烯酸羟乙酯)=5:1:1,引发剂加量为0.5%(占单体质量百分数),反应温度60℃,反应时间8 h.DVP的加量0.5%,抑制效果最好,水合物结冰温度为-8℃.结合天然气水合物抑制剂PVP做性能对比,DVP具有加量少、抑制效果好的优点.将DVP与热力学水合物抑制剂进行复配,DVP的抑制性能得到进一步提高.%A new kinetic of natural gas hydrate inhibitor DVP is independent synthetic equipment using self-designed evaluation,by the method of four hydrogen barking dogs (THF)on its performance is evalu-ated.The DVP optimal synthetic conditions were determined as follows:n (N-vinyl caprolactam):n(pro-pylene glycol):n (hydroxyl ethyl methacrylate)=5:1:1,amount of initiator added was 0.5%(mass per-cent)of monomer,reaction temperature60 ℃,the reaction time of 8 h.The DVP added value of 0.5%, hydrate freezed temperature is 8 ℃.Performance compared with gas hydrate inhibitor PVP,DVP added quantity is little,inhibit the advantages with good effect.Finally,the DVP distribution with thermodynamic hydrate inhibitors,DVP suppression performance is further improved.【期刊名称】《应用化工》【年(卷),期】2016(045)003【总页数】5页(P504-507,510)【关键词】天然气水合物;动力学抑制剂;过冷度;结冰温度;THF【作者】李欢;孙丽;唐坤利;吴洋;鲁雪梅【作者单位】中国石油新疆油田分公司采油二厂,新疆克拉玛依 834000;川庆钻探工程有限公司地质勘探开发研究院,四川成都 610051;中国石油新疆油田分公司彩南油田作业区,新疆克拉玛依 834000;西南石油大学化学化工学院,四川成都610500;西南石油大学化学化工学院,四川成都 610500【正文语种】中文【中图分类】TQ317.4天然气开采、集输和加工过程中，由于温度、压力、流动速度等的变化，常在低温高压湍流处形成天然气水合物，导致装置运行异常，影响生产的顺利进行。

n-乙烯基己内酰胺的生产工艺研究

n-乙烯基己内酰胺的生产工艺研究
n-乙烯基己内酰胺是一种重要的有机合成中间体，在聚合物、胺类化合物、染料等行业中有广泛应用。

本文旨在研究一种n-乙烯基己内酰胺的生产工艺。

一、原料
n-己醇、丙烯腈、氢氧化钠、丙烯酰胺、氯乙酸和三氯化铁。

二、生产工艺
1. 制备丙烯酰胺水合物
将氢氧化钠加入水中，搅拌至完全溶解，制备1 mol/L的氢氧化钠溶液。

将6 mol的丙烯腈加入氢氧化钠溶液中，并加热较长时间，生成丙烯酰胺水合物，冷却后过滤，并在真空干燥中得到白色粉末的丙烯酰胺水合物。

2. 合成n-乙烯基己内酰胺
将丙烯酰胺水合物加入乙酰化反应器中，加入氯乙酸，同时搅拌，反应1小时后，加入n-己醇，搅拌1小时，得到一层混合液。

去除上层水，然后在真空干燥中得到n-乙烯基己内酰胺。

3. 精制n-乙烯基己内酰胺
将n-乙烯基己内酰胺加入异丙醇中，并滤除杂质后蒸馏，得到纯净的n-乙烯基己内酰胺。

三、结论
通过上述工艺，可以高效生产出纯净的n-乙烯基己内酰胺。

这种生产工艺简单易行，可用于大规模生产，并对聚合物、胺类化合物、染料等行业中有广泛应用。

己内酰胺现代萃取精制过程探讨

己内酰胺现代萃取精制过程探讨摘要由于己內酰胺的生产工艺路线长，原料较多，使得粗己内酰胺中杂质组分复杂。

随着国内己内酰胺行业竞争的日趋激烈，对产品的质量要求逐步提高，单一的精制方法很难满足下游客户对产品品质的要求。

因此，在己内酰胺萃取精制过程中，均采取多种精制方法相结合对其进行处理，以达到理想的效果，但这就产生了精制路线长、能耗高、产品质量稳定性差等问题。

因此，本文就针对己内酰胺萃取精制过程展开探讨。

关键词己内酰胺；萃取；精制过程1 己内酰胺的简介己内酰胺是一种重要的化工原料，主要用于生产尼龙-6纤维和工程塑料，尼龙-6纤维可用于民用纺织、工业丝等；尼龙-6树脂可用作汽车、电子电器、工业机械以及日用品的构件和组件。

己内酰胺生产工艺流程长、生产工艺复杂，使用原料较多，致使合成的粗己内酰胺中杂质种类多达30余种。

虽然这些杂质含量较低，多为微克级甚至更低，但却严重影响成品己内酰胺的质量，尤其是用作尼龙-6纤维高速纺原料时，对杂质要求尤为严格。

因为某些杂质的存在会影响己内酰胺的聚合，导致聚合物的分子质量分布不符合要求，降低尼龙-6纤维的抗张强度、耐热性能以及色度等性能指标。

2 己内酰胺中杂质的来源途径己内酰胺生产过程中产生的杂质超过30多种，其来源一般认为有以下几个方面：一是由原材料和反应中间体带入；二是生产过程中工艺参数控制不当，工艺条件波动，促进副反应发生；三是产品己内酰胺在储存、转运过程中因环境影响，如受潮、受热、吸氧等因素使之发生质变。

己内酰胺不同生产方法因所用原料、工艺路线不同，生产过程中杂质的种类和含量也有区别。

主要杂质有[1]：2-甲基环戊醇、环己酮、苯胺、N-乙基-N（1-甲乙基）-2-丙胺、1，4-己二酸、8-甲基-2，4-氢吡啶二烯二酮、丁基环戊烷、戊基环己烷、2-环己烯-1-酮、1，3-丁二醇、5-乙氧基-2氢呋喃、4，5，6，7-四氢苯并呋喃、N-甘氨酸叔丁酯、N-乙基-N-2-丙胺、环己基甲酸以及3-甲基环己酮肟等。

己内酰胺的研究与发展

己内酰胺的研究与发展第一章绪论己内酰胺（CPL是重要的有机化工原料之一，是合成尼龙-6纤维（又称锦纶-6 纤维），尼龙-6树脂和尼龙-6 薄膜等的重要原料[1] 。

此外，己内酰胺还可以应用于生产抗血小板药物6- 氨基己酸，以及月桂氮卓酮等，用途十分广泛。

近年来，世界己内酰胺生产能力稳步增长，由2004 年的436.1 万吨/年增长到2008 年的463.0 万吨/年，预计今后几年，世界范围内己内酰胺的生产能力将以 2.6%的速度增长，到2012 年总生产能力将达到约510 万吨/ 年。

全球己内酰胺的产能主要集中在西欧、中东、日本及北美，这些地区的产能占到世界总产能的73.1%。

近年来，世界己内酰胺的需求量稳步增长，2004 年为388 万吨/ 年，2007 年增加到421 万吨/ 年，2008 年由于世界金融危机的影响导致己内酰胺需求量下降了7.0 万吨/年。

但是随着尼龙-6 纤维消费的不断增长，预计今后几年，世界己内酰胺需求量将以年均 2.5% 的速度增长，到2010 年需求量将达到420.0 万吨/ 年[2] 。

我国的己内酰胺生产工业从90 年代后期开始有了迅猛的发展。

到2009 年底为止，我国己内酰胺生产厂家有南京帝斯曼东方化工有限公司、中石化巴陵石油化工公司、中石化石家庄化纤有限公司及浙江巨化集团公司。

其中，除石家庄化纤有限公司采用甲苯法工艺外，其余公司均采用苯法为原料的工艺路线。

1.1 己内酰胺的性质己内酰胺（CPL）是白色晶体或结晶性粉末，分子式C61-IIIN0，熔点68〜70C，沸点140--142 C。

手触有润滑感，工业品有微弱的叔胺气味，易溶于水、乙醇、乙醚、氯仿和苯等。

其70％水溶液的密度是1. 05g/cm3,受热时起聚合反应。

1 ．2 己内酰胺发展简史1899年Gabriel和Meas由加热£ .氨基己酸首次合成了己内酰胺。

100年以来己内酰胺生产已经经历了3个不同的发展阶段而成为今天这样成熟的工业技术。