【精品解析】山东省邹平市第一中学2018-2019学年高一下学期第一次阶段性考试化学试卷(精校Word版)
山东省邹平市第一中学2018-2019学年高一化学下学期第一次阶段性考试试卷(含解析)
邹平一中2018 级高一下学期第一次阶段性考试化学试题一、单选题（共50 分，1-10 每小题 2 分，11-20 每小题3分）1. 化学与生产、生活密切相关，下列说法正确的是A. 平昌冬奥会“北京8 分钟”主创团队用石墨烯制作发热服饰，说明石墨烯是导热金属材料B. “地沟油”禁止食用，但处理后可用来制肥皂和生物柴油C. “一带一路”被誉为现代丝绸之路”，丝绸属于合成纤维，主要含C、H、O、N 元素D. 聚乙烯（PE）和聚氯乙烯（PVC）都是食品级塑料制品的主要成分，并且都耐高温【答案】B【解析】【详解】 A. 石墨烯是非金属材料，故 A 错误；B•“地沟油”的主要成分是油脂，含有有毒物质，不能食用，油脂在碱性条件下水解可制取肥皂，油脂燃烧放出大量热量，可制作生物柴油，故B正确；C. 丝绸的主要成分是蛋白质，属于天然高分子化合物，故C错误；D. 聚氯乙烯（PVC）对人体存在潜在危害，不是食品级塑料制品，故D错误。
故选B。
2. 下列说法正确的是A. 任何化学反应都伴随着能量变化B. 白炽灯工作时电能全部转变为光能C. Ba（OH）2?8HO晶体与NHCI反应为放热反应D. 18.4 mol •L 1H b S^溶液可将蛋白质从水中析出且不改变它的性质【答案】A【解析】【详解】A.化学反应发生物质变化的同时一定发生能量变化，故A正确；B. 白炽灯工作时，电能主要转化为光能，是主要而不是全部，因为还有部分电能转化为热能，故B 错误；C. Ba （OH 2?8H Z O晶体与NHCI晶体反应时要吸收能量，所以属于吸热反应，故C错误；D. 蛋白质遇到18.4mol・L TfSQ溶液，会导致其理化性质的改变和生物活性的丧失，会发生化学变化，失去原有的生理功能，此过程为蛋白质的变性，故D错误。
故选 A 。
【点睛】 向蛋白质溶液中加入硫酸钾溶液或者加入硫酸铵溶液或氯化钠，此过程叫做蛋白质的“盐析”为物理变化； 蛋白质受热或遇到浓硝酸、 硝酸汞等重金属盐、 甲醛等有机溶剂化 学物质，失去原有的生理功能，此过程叫做蛋白质的“变性”为化学变化。
2019-2020学年滨州市邹平一中高三英语月考试题及参考答案
2019-2020学年滨州市邹平一中高三英语月考试题及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ACitisport inNewportWe at Citisport aim to improve sports training and facilities inNewport, giving you more opportunities to try both new and traditional sports.GolfWe are pleased to be able to offer lessons at Kingsway Golf Centre just outsideNewport. These are run by experienced golf professionals, and are held on an all-weather practice area. The adult lessons are open to anyone aged 13 and over, and are suitable for all levels from beginners upwards. These take place on Wednesdays from 3:00 to 4:00 pm over a period of six weeks. Children’s lessons for 7-12 year old are held from 2:00 to 3:00 pm on Saturdays during term time.TennisThe Citisport tennis courses provide an opportunity for local people to develop their skills on the brand-new indoor tennis court at Newport Leisure Centre. All equipment can be provided, but please feel free to use your own racket (球拍) if you prefer. Our Starter course is held on Mondays from 7:00 to 8:00 pm, and is for beginners of 12 years and over. Our Improver course, which takes place on Tuesdays from 8:00 to 9:00 pm, is for players with some experience.Football for girlsBy popular request, Citisport is holding another one-day girls-only football course. This aims to give local girls the chance to learn essential skills and develop more advanced ones. The course will take place on Saturday, 9th November from 9:00 am to 5:00 pm, and is open to all girls aged 10-14 years living in theNewportarea.GymnasticsThis course is for beginners aged 8-14 and will provide an introduction to basic skills. There is a maximum of six pupils per coach in each class. At the end of the course there is a demonstration for friends and family of all the skills learnt there. The course will take place on Thursdays from 6:00 to 7:00 pm.1. What can we know about the Citisport golf lessons?A. You can take lessons at Kingsway Golf Centre insideNewport.B. The golf lessons can take place only in good weather.C. Teenagers can attend golf lessons on Wednesday afternoons.D. Children’s lessons usually last 2 or 3 hours on Saturday afternoons.2. Which of the following statements is true about the Citisport tennis courses?A. You can get the skills in an open-air court.B. You must take your own racket during the course.C. You can take the Monday course if you are a green hand.D. You can become an experienced player after the courses.3. Which course lasts only one day according to the text?A. Golf.B. Tennis.C. Football for girls.D. Gymnastics.BA man in Indonesia is walking backwards for 435 miles. He's making the trip to encourage the government and others to value and protect Indonesia's rainforests.Medi Bastoni is 43 years old. He is an Indonesian. Indonesia is a large country in the world formed by a group of islands. There are over 16, 000 islands there，and most of them are covered with rainforests. But on Java, where Mr. Bastoni lives, far more forests have been cleared.Mr. Bastoni believes it's important to protect forests from being cut down, and to restore (恢复) them when they have been destroyed. Near his home, Mount Wilis is now being restored, but Mr. Bastoni wants to make the protection continue. That's how he came up with the idea of the 435-mile walk.And walking backwards? Mr. Bastoni wants Indonesians to look back at their past. Walking backwards is a good way to get attention. Right now, Mr. Bastoni's backward walk is pretty big news in Indonesia.Mr. Bastoni is wearing a frame(框架)that supports a large mirror in front of him, above his head. This allows Mr. Bastoni to look behind him while walking backwards. Besides, Mr. Bastoni is carrying a backpack with some clothes and a little food. He is planning on buying more meals from restaurants along the way. He has been sleeping at police stations, security posts, and even strangers homes during the trip. His plan is to cover about 19 miles a day. In early August he was in Sragen -- about 100 miles from his home. It's not clear whether Mr. Bastoni is still on track to arrive in Jakarta by August 17.4. What do we know about rainforests in Indonesia?A. Indonesia has the largest area of rainforests in the world.B. The loss of rainforests is getting serious on Java.C. The islands there are all covered by rainforests.D Local people pay great attention to rainforests.5. Why did Mr Bastoni want to take the 435-mile walk?A With the purpose of fighting climate change.B. With the aim of becoming a healthy person.C. With the hope of rebuilding rainforests.D. With deep love for traditional sports.6. What's the function of the large mirror?A. To make sure of Mr. Bastoni's safety.B. To show Mr. Bastoni's position correctly.C. To allow Mr. Bastoni to look forwards easily.D. To help Mr. Bastoni enjoy views on the road.7. What can be the best title for the text?A. The difficulty of protecting rainforests in Indonesia.B. The importance of rainforests to Indonesia.C. A trip to recall history and attract attention.D. A walking backwards trip to save rainforests.CNewspapers in Great Britainvarygreatly in their ways of carrying the news. There are serious papers for those who want to know about important happenings everywhere, both at home and abroad. There are popular newspapers for those who prefer entertainment to information.The London newspaper that is best known outside Great Britain is probably the Times. It began in 1785, and has a high reputation for believable news and serious opinions on the news. It calls itself an independent paper, which means that it does not give its support to a particular political party. Its leading articles give the opinions of the editors, not those of the owners of the paper.Letters to the editor are printed in the newspaper. These parts of the Times are always interesting. Most of the letters are serious subjects. But from time to time there will be long letters on the subject which is not at all serious, perhaps on a new fashion of dress, or the bad manners of the young people, compared with manners of thirty years ago.8. If you want to get pleasure, please buy yourself _________.A. a serious newspaperB. foreign newspaperC. any independent paperD. a popular newspaper9. The Times has been famous to outside Great Britain for ________ years.A. 19B. 85C. 236D. 22910. The Times is an independent paper because ________.A. it supports no political partiesB. it is not controlled by the British GovernmentC. it gives special support to all the political parties.D. the editor’s opinions are not examined by the owners of the paper11. The underlined word “vary” in the passage probably means “_________”.A. improveB. compete with each otherC. are differentD. keep in touch with each otherDWhat about your emotions? How do they help you to understand what you are reading?In Jane Yolan'sOwl Moon,a girl explores with her father on a snowy night. She longs for this special night.And she's amazed when she sees an owl.Have you felt longing before? Amazement? Well, if you have, it helps you have a sense of agreement. When we can put ourselves inside a story we can understand it better. Our brain tells us,"Oh, this girl's experience is a bit like mine."And boom! We can relate to her.But this skill is not born in us.So young kids have to learn it.Pictures and images help young readers to understand and recognize feelings.Readers feel joy when seeing the smiling faces of friends.They feel fear when turning the page to find a scary monster. They are just pictures,but the feelings are real. This skill, to understand the thinking and feeling of others, is what researchers call "theory of mind".For example, think about the faces of people and animals in stories. The Big Bad Wolf's scary teeth. The 'o' shape of a surprised character's mouth. Or big, wide eyes like the girl inOwl Moon.By noticing the faces,readers can start to figure out what it feels like to be that character.And that helps to figure out how people feel and think in real life.But most young readers don't go into deep,scary woods.And some may not go to the beach or play basketball.In the bookYo!Yes?two kids meet and play ball. The kids start the story on opposite pages.But as the story goes on,they get closer until they are together.Some young readers might not play basketball, but they canread the clues on the page to figure out how the kids are feeling.And some readers might not like the game,but they can feel excited for the characters because of how the characters look and move.12. What can we learn from the second paragraph?A.Owl Moontalks about the exploration of the Moon.B. The feeling of"amazement"is a sense of agreement.C. Readers are blessed with the ability to interpret others.D. Readers with similar experience understand the story better.13. Which of the following might help readers develop"theory of mind"?A. True feelings.B. Smiling faces.C. Picture books.D. Reading skills.14. Young readers can go deeper into a story by________.A. tracking the plotB. developing new skillsC. sharing similar hobbiesD. analyzing the background15. What is the text mainly about?A. How thinking influences reading.B. How readers improve reading skills.C. How emotions help enhance reading.D. How kids figure out the clues of stories.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
2019年1月邹平一中2018级高一上学期阶段性考试化学试题
绝密★启用前试卷类型：A邹平一中2018级阶段性考试化学试题2019.1本试卷分第Ⅰ卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分。
第Ⅰ卷1至4页，第II卷5至8页。
满分100分，考试时间为90分钟。
注意事项：1．答第Ⅰ卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、考号、考试科目、试卷类型涂写在答题卡上。
考试结束时，将答题卡交回。
2．每小题选出答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其它答案标号，不能答在试题卷上。
相对原子质量：H l Li 7 C 12 N 14 O 16 Na 23 Al 27 S 32 Cl 35.5Ca 40 Fe 56 Cu 64 Ag 108 Ba 137第Ⅰ卷（选择题，共48分）一、选择题（本题包括18小题，1-6每小题2分，7-18每小题3分，共48分，每小题只．．．．有一个选项符合题意．．．．．．．．．）1.十九大报告提出“坚持保护环境，建设美丽中国”下列生产、生活相关说法不正确．．．的是A.“绿水青山就是金山银山”，矿物燃料的脱硫脱硝，可以减少SO2、NO2的排放B.雾霾是一种分散系，N95活性炭口罩可用于防霾，其原理是吸附作用C. 绿色化学的核心是利用化学原理治理环境污染D. 水华、赤潮等水体污染主要是由含氮、磷的生活污水任意排放造成的2.2017年11月12日，新版第五套人民币开始发行，引起社会各界广泛关注。
人民币在票面文字、号码等处所采用的磁性油墨中含有一种金属氧化物，它在磁码识别器上有磁性信号反应，藉此可辨别真伪。
该金属氧化物是A. FeOB.CuOC.Fe3O4D.Al2O33.我国清代《本草纲目拾遗》中记叙无机药物335种，其中“强水”条目下写道：“性最烈，能蚀五金……其水甚强，五金八石皆能穿第，惟玻璃可盛。
”这里的“强水”是指A．氨水B．硝酸 C．醋D．卤水4.下列叙述正确的是A．物质的量相同的气体单质具有相同的原子数B．水的相对分子质量等于18g·mol-1 C．镁原子的质量就是镁的相对原子质量D．１mol铁原子的质量约为56g5.下列叙述不．正确．．的是A. 试管内壁附着的硫可用二硫化碳洗涤B. 溶液和胶体的本质区别是有无丁达尔效应C. 分液漏斗和容量瓶在使用前都要检查是否漏水D. 玻璃钢是一种以玻璃纤维做增强体、合成树脂做基体的复合材料6.下列表中物质分类正确的是7. N A表示阿伏加德罗常数的值。
【考试必备】2018-2019年最新邹平县第一中学初升高自主招生语文模拟精品试卷【含解析】【4套试卷】
2018-2019年最新邹平县第一中学自主招生语文模拟精品试卷（第一套）（满分：100分考试时间：90分钟）③小屋在山的怀抱中，犹如在花蕊中一般，慢慢地花蕊绽开了一些，好像山后退了一些。
④当花瓣微微收拢，那就是夜晚来临了。
⑤小屋的光线既富于科学的时间性，也富于浪漫的文学性。
A．①③②④⑤ B．①④③②⑤ C．⑤③②①④ D．⑤③②④①二、阅读下面古诗文，完成7—14题。
（24分，7—12每题2分）勾践自会稽归七年，拊循其士民，欲用以报吴。
大夫逄同谏曰：“今夫吴兵加齐、晋，怨深于楚﹑越，名高天下，实害周室，德少而功多，必淫自矜。
为越计，莫若结齐，亲楚，附晋，以厚吴。
吴之志广，必轻战。
是我连其权，三国伐之，越承其弊，可克也。
”勾践曰：“善。
”其后四年。
吴士民罢弊，轻锐尽死于齐﹑晋。
而越大破吴，因而留围之三年，吴师败，越遂复栖吴王于姑苏之山。
吴王使公孙雄肉袒膝行而前，请成越王曰：“孤臣夫差敢布腹心，异日尝得罪于会稽，夫差不敢逆命，得与君王成以归。
今君王举玉趾而诛孤臣，孤臣惟命是听，意者亦欲如会稽之赦孤臣之罪乎？”勾践不忍，欲许之。
范蠡曰：“会稽之事，天以越赐吴，吴不取。
今天以吴赐越，越其可逆天乎？且夫君王蚤朝晏罢，非为吴邪？谋之二十二年，一旦而弃之，可乎？且夫天与弗取，反受其咎。
君忘会稽之厄乎？”勾践曰：“吾欲听子言，吾不忍其使者。
”范蠡乃鼓进兵，曰：“王已属政于执事，使者去，不者且得罪。
”吴使者泣而去。
勾践怜之，乃使人谓吴王曰：“吾置王甬东，君百家。
”吴王谢曰：“吾老矣，不能事君王！”遂自杀。
选自《史记·越王勾践世家》7．下列加点词语解释不正确的一项是（ ）A．越承其弊，可克也。
克：战胜 B．越遂复栖吴王于姑苏之山 栖：占领C．越其可逆天乎 逆：违背 D．吾老矣，不能事君王 事：侍奉8．下列加点词语古今意义相同的是（ ）A．今天以吴赐越 B．使者去，不者且得罪 C．谋臣与爪牙之士，不可不养而择也 D．微夫人之力不及此9．下列加点词语的用法和意义相同的一组是（ ）A．①德少而功多，必淫自矜 ②鼓瑟希，铿尔，舍瑟而作B．①得与君王成以归 ②王好战，请以战喻C．①亦欲如会稽之赦孤臣之罪 ②邻国之民不加少D．①异日尝得罪于会稽 ②吾长见笑于大方之家10．下列加点词语属于谦称的是（ ）A．吾欲听子言 B．君忘会稽之厄乎？ C．君王举玉趾而诛孤臣 D．孤臣夫差敢布腹心11．下列句子，全都表现勾践具有仁慈之心的一项是（ ）①孤臣惟命是听②勾践不忍，欲许之。
山东省滨州市邹平一中2018-2019学年高一下学期3月月考数学试题
于简单题 .对余弦定理一定要熟记两种形式： （1 ） a2 b2 c2 2bc cos A ；（2 ）
cos A b2 c2 a2 ，同时还要熟练掌握运用两种形式的条件 .另外，在解与三角 2bc
形、三角函数有关的问题时，还需要记住 30o , 45o,60 o 等特殊角的三角函数值，
以便在解题中直接应用 .
9．若抛物线 y2 2 px 上一点 P (2, y0 ) 到其准线的距离为 4，则抛物线的标准方程为 （ ）
A ． y2 4x
B． y2 6x
C． y2 8x
D ． y2 10x
10．直三棱柱 ABC A1B1C1 中，若 BAC 90 ， AB AC AA1 ，则异面直线 BA1
与 AC1 所成的角为（
10 ， i i 1 5 ，满足 i 10 ，
进入循环： S S
51
1
52
10 25 15 ， i i 1 6 ，满足 i 10 ，
进入循环： S S
61
1
62
15
36
21， i i 1 7 ，满足 i 10 ，
进入循环： S S
71
1
72
Hale Waihona Puke 21 49 28 ， i i 1 8 ，满足 i 10 ，
进入循环： S S
D ． (2, )
D． i )
A．
B．
C．
D．
rr 4．已知向量 a 与 b 为单位向量，满足
rr 2a b
5 ，则向量
rr a 与 b 的夹角为（
）
A ． 45
B ． 60
C． 90
D ． 135
5．某同学先后投掷一枚骰子两次， 第一次向上的点数记为 x，第二次向上的点数记为 y，
山东省邹平市第一中学2018-2019学年高一下学期第一次阶段性考试化学试卷 -
邹平一中2018级高一下学期第一次阶段性考试化学试题2019.3.24第I卷(选择题)一、单选题(共50分，1-10每小题2分，11-20每小题3分)1.化学与生产、生活密切相关，下列说法正确的是A. 平昌冬奥会“北京8分钟”主创团队用石墨烯制作发热服饰，说明石墨烯是导热金属材料B. “地沟油”禁止食用，但处理后可用来制肥皂和生物柴油C. “一带一路”被誉为现代丝绸之路”，丝绸属于合成纤维，主要含C、H、O、N元素D. 聚乙烯(PE)和聚氯乙烯(PVC)都是食品级塑料制品的主要成分，并且都耐高温【答案】B【解析】【详解】A.石墨烯是非金属材料，故A错误；B.“地沟油”的主要成分是油脂，含有有毒物质，不能食用，油脂在碱性条件下水解可制取肥皂，油脂燃烧放出大量热量，可制作生物柴油，故B正确；C.丝绸的主要成分是蛋白质，属于天然高分子化合物，故C错误；D.聚氯乙烯(PVC)对人体存在潜在危害，不是食品级塑料制品，故D错误。
故选B。
2.下列说法正确的是A. 任何化学反应都伴随着能量变化B. 白炽灯工作时电能全部转变为光能C. Ba(OH)2•8H2O晶体与NH4Cl反应为放热反应D. 18.4 mol·L－1H2SO4溶液可将蛋白质从水中析出且不改变它的性质【答案】A【解析】【详解】A.化学反应发生物质变化的同时一定发生能量变化，故A正确；B.白炽灯工作时，电能主要转化为光能，是主要而不是全部，因为还有部分电能转化为热能，故B错误；C.Ba（OH）2•8H2O晶体与NH4Cl晶体反应时要吸收能量，所以属于吸热反应，故C错误；D.蛋白质遇到18.4mol·L－1H2SO4溶液，会导致其理化性质的改变和生物活性的丧失，会发生化学变化，失去原有的生理功能，此过程为蛋白质的变性，故D错误。
故选A。
【点睛】向蛋白质溶液中加入硫酸钾溶液或者加入硫酸铵溶液或氯化钠，此过程叫做蛋白质的“盐析”为物理变化；蛋白质受热或遇到浓硝酸、硝酸汞等重金属盐、甲醛等有机溶剂化学物质，失去原有的生理功能，此过程叫做蛋白质的“变性”为化学变化。
山东省邹平一中2019届高三1月阶段性水平测试 生物
2019届生物训练题二本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第Ⅱ卷（非选择题）两部分；满分100分。
考试时间90分钟。
第I卷选择题（共50分）一、选择题（1～30每题1分；31～40每题2分，共50分。
每题只有一项最符合题意）1．将一盆栽植物横放于地，则其水平方向的主根近地一侧生长素浓度变化的曲线为（下图中虚线表示对根生长既不促进也不抑制的生长素浓度）2．香蕉果实成熟过程中会逐渐变甜，如果取成熟到第2天和第4天的等量香蕉果肉，分别加等量的蒸馏水制成提取液，然后如下图，在a、c试管中各加5mL第2天的提取液，在b、d试管中各加5mL 第4天的提取液。
在a、b试管中各加入等量碘液，在c、d试管中加入等量的斐林试剂，60℃水浴加热，观察比较颜色，结果是A．a、b试管呈蓝色，且a比b颜色深；c、d试管呈砖红色，且c比d颜色浅B．a、b试管呈蓝色，且a比b颜色浅；c、d试管呈砖红色，且c比d颜色浅C．a、b试管呈蓝色，且a比b颜色浅；c、d试管呈砖红色，且c比d颜色深D．a、b试管呈蓝色，且a比b颜色深；c、d试管呈砖红色，且c比d颜色深3．下面有关核糖体的叙述正确的是A．所有生物都具有核糖体B．核糖体在动物细胞和植物细胞中的功能相同C．所有酶、生长激素、抗体都是在核糖体上合成的D．不同细胞内核糖体的形成均与核仁有关4．1952年赫尔希和蔡斯利用放射性同位素标记技术，进行了“噬菌体侵染细菌的实验”。
下列相关叙述正确的是A．用32P和35S分别标记噬菌体的蛋白质和DNAB．用35S标记噬菌体，侵染、离心后，35S主要存在于沉淀物中C．合成子代噬菌体的蛋白质所需原料和能量均由细菌提供D．该实验证明了DNA是主要的遗传物质5．如图是下丘脑及其直接或间接支配的有关腺体之间关系示意图（“+”表示促进，“－”表示抑制），有关说法不正确的是A．a产生的某种物质会影响动物的性行为B．b与a两者的分泌物在某些生理效应上表现为协同作用C．c不仅具有感受刺激和传导兴奋的功能，而且有分泌功能D．a、b、c中，c对内环境稳态的维持影响最小6．分别对二倍体蕃茄幼叶、三倍体无子西瓜幼叶进行组织培养，将形成的多株植物随机等量分组，编号为A、B、C、D。
山东省滨州市邹平县第一中学2018年高一历史模拟试题含解析
山东省滨州市邹平县第一中学2018年高一历史模拟试题含解析一、选择题（每小题2分，共60分）1. 罗斯福认为：“国家的义务之一就是要照顾那些在逆境下如无别人照顾即难以为生的公民……政府必须给这些不幸的公民以援助。
”罗斯福新政中，最能体现这一观点的措施是A.为减耕减产的农民提供一定补贴B.实行社会保障，增加就业机会C.规定工人工资标准和工作时间D.恢复银行信用，保护储户利益参考答案：B从材料“照顾那些在逆境下如无别人帮助都难以为生的公民”、“政府必须给这些不幸的公民以援助”可以看出实行社会保障，增加就业能达到这些效果。
所以选B。
A是农业措施；C是保护劳工权益；D是银行信誉。
2. 据民国初年农商部总务厅统计科所编《第一次全国农商统计表》1913年11月9日的统计，全国在1912年开设的公司有988家，工厂2001家，这是我国有史以来举办工商实业最多的年份。
上述现象出现的主要原因在于A.国民政府开展国民经济建设运动B.辛亥革命改变民族工业发展环境C.清政府放宽了对民间设厂的限制D.欧美列强暂时放松对中国的侵略参考答案：B【分析】本题主要考查民族工业发展历程【详解】国民经济建设运动1935年提出，1936年正式实行，与材料时间不符，排除A；1911年武昌起义成功，1912年国民政府成立，提高了民族资产阶级的社会地位，改变了民族工业的发展环境，故B正确；1912年清朝灭亡，与材料中1913年民族工业的发展无关，排除C；1914年一战爆发列强暂时放松对中国的侵略，与材料时间不符，故排除D。
【点睛】民族工业短暂春天的原因：（1）帝国主义忙于一战,暂时放松对中国的控制（主要原因）；（2）辛亥革命推翻清政府,临时政府颁布发展实业的法令；（3）“发展实业”、“实业救国”的鼓舞；（4）爱国心的驱使和利润的刺激；（5）爱用国货、抵制日货运动。
3. 清朝实行的“重农抑商”和“海禁”政策产生的相同影响有①阻碍了资本主义萌芽的发展②强化了自给自足的自然经济③造成了中国的日益满后④加速了小农经济的解体。
2023-2024学年山东省滨州市邹平市高一下学期第一次月考数学质量检测模拟试题(含答案)
所以
BO
2
BM
2
BA AM
，因为 AC 的中点为 M ，
3
3
2
所以
3
BA AM
2 3
BA
1 2
AC
2 3
AB
1 3
AC
，
即
BO
2
AB
1
AC
.
33
故选：C
5. ABC 的内角 A，B，C 的对边分别为 a，b，c，已知 c sin A 3a cos C ，c 2 3 ，ab 8 ，
5
5
因为
AD 3 ， PE
63 5
，所以
PE AD
63
5 3
23 5
，
所以
EP
2
3 5
AD
，因为
BE
6 5
，
AB
4
，所以
AE
26 5
，
所以
AE AB
26
5 413 ，所以 AE源自1013AB，
10
所以
AP
AE
EP
13
AB
2
3
AD
AB
AD
，
10
5
13 10
故
，所以 13 3 .
对 D，延长 AM 交 BC 于点 D，延长 BO 交 AC 于点 F，延长 CO 交 AB 于点 E，根据题意结合奔驰
定理可得到 S ABC SA
4 ， S ABC SB
3 ，从而可设 MD x ， MF
y ，则 AM
3x ， BM
2y ，
代入即可求解 cos AMB ，进而即可判断 D．
对
山东邹平一中2019高三1月阶段性水平测试-语文
山东邹平一中2019高三1月阶段性水平测试-语文语文试题2018.1 本卷须知1.本试题分为选择题和非选择题两部分，共8页。
时间150分钟，总分值150分。
2.答卷前，务必将自己的班级、姓名、考号分别填涂在答题卡及答题纸的相应位置。
3.把第一卷答案涂在答题卡上，第二卷必须用黑色签字笔作答，答案必须写在答题卡题指定区域内相应的位置，不能写在试卷上。
第一卷(共36分)【一】(15分，每题3分)1.以下词语中加点的字，每对读音都相同的一组是A.嗔．怪/缜．密甲胄．/压轴伎．．俩/栉．风沫雨B.韬．略/叨．扰骁．勇/肖．像权坎坷．/不落窠．白C.兴．许/幸．亏捭．阖/柏．油路划．分/华．而不实D.案犊．/渎．职褒．义/电饭煲祛．．除/曲．意逢迎2.以下词语中，没有错别字的一组是A.厮杀黄梁梦拾人牙慧聚沙成塔，积腋成裘B.晋升老皇历优哉游哉言者无罪，闻者足戒C.马甲木版画欢呼鹊跃黄钟毁弃，瓦釜雷鸣D.发轫势力眼指手画脚天下大事，必作于细3.依次填入以下各句横线处的词语，最恰当的一组是①国家要求经济建设要注重环境保护，某市负责人在同意媒体采访时该市的环境保护仍然严峻滞后。
②诺贝尔文学奖得主莫言表示：“我一直是站在人的角度上，立足于写人。
我想，如此的作品就超越了地区和族群的。
”③某些优秀学生放弃北大、清华，转投香港大学，人们纷纷发出北大、清华将“沦为二流”的惊呼。
风波之际，香港大学公开宣称北大、清华“二流说”完全错误。
A.坦陈局限叠起B.坦陈限制迭起C坦承局限迭起.D.坦承限制叠起4.以下各句中，加点的成语使用恰当的一项为哪一项A.从被科尼法官讲述的一起案件深深触动，到把科尼的故事写成《复活》，托尔斯泰惨淡．．经营．．了整整12年。
B.基层政府一定要教育党员干部情为民所系，权为民所用，利为民所谋，只要涉及群众利益的事，都要无所不．．．为．，直到群众中意为止。
C.东汉后期的袁绍，为人色厉胆薄，好谋无断，干大事而惜身，见小利而忘命，关键时刻往往引而不发．．．．，故不能成就大业。
山东省邹平一中高三1月阶段性水平测试语文试题.pdf
一、(15分，每小题3分) 1.下列词语中加点的字，每对读音都相同的一组是 A.嗔怪/缜密 甲胄/压轴 伎俩/栉风沫雨 B.韬略/叨扰 骁畿璜璜璜璜璜璜璜璜璜 第Ⅱ卷 (114分) 四、(24分) 13.将下列文言句子翻译成现代汉语。
(10分) (1)诏下数月而忽更，示天下不信，帝即报许。
(3分) (2)其后论救踵至，万言不自安，再请贷。
(4分) (3)后论执不已，诸权幸嫉者众，帝意亦浸疏。
(3分) 14.阅读下面这首唐诗，然后回答问题。
(8分) 江乡故人偶集客舍 戴叔伦 天秋月又满，城阙夜千重。
还作江南会，翻疑梦里逢。
风枝惊暗鹊，露草泣寒虫。
羁羁16. 阅读下面的文字，用三个词语简要概括意境的特点。
(4分) 意境是人们在审美活动中，用心灵去观照外界对象，并在把握和领会对象的基础上，充分展开想像，创造出来的新的意蕴和坑界。
首先，从审美活动的角度看，意境超越了具体的有限的物象、事件、场景，进入无限的时间和空间，从而对整个人生、历史、宇宙获得的一种哲理性的领悟和感受；因而，这种超越性会使审美者从当下的现实中超越出来进入一种自由境界。
其次，人们进行审美活动时，会把此时、此地的情与景和彼时、彼地的情与景，通过时空转换融合在同一个意境中，并使人们摆脱时间和空间的限制和束缚，得到审美的心灵自由。
另外，在审美活动中，作为主体的人与作为客体的审美对象在人的思想意识领域中会创造一个完全独立于眼前的现实世界的审美世界、艺术世界，这种主客统一可以说是所有审美形态共同具有的内涵，而意境的主客统一是最为完整且有特殊含义的，其极致是“物我两忘”。
17.将下列句子组合成语意连贯、合乎逻辑的一段话，并将序号填入横线处。
每年的诺贝尔文学奖揭晓后，总会招来许多质疑或嘲讽， ， . ，. ， . ，这就是沈从文。
①以证明评委的有眼无珠 ②托尔斯泰、卡大卡等无缘该奖的大师必然被再一次提起 ③在马悦然对当代中国作家有些吞吞吐吐的评说中 ④而这个时候，评委中的汉学家马悦然照例会通过中文媒体说说话 ⑤又总会牵出一个已故作家的名字来 ⑥以满足中国人对诺贝尔奖爱恨交加的情结 正确顺序是 18.根据文意，在下面这段话的横线上填写恰当的内容。
2019-2020学年滨州市邹平一中高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案解析
2019-2020学年滨州市邹平一中高三英语下学期期末试卷及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ABob and Sue Harvey spent nine years as resident fellows in a dormitory at Sanford and in their bookVirtual Reality and The College Freshman, they write “The Freshman oftenfaces an identity problem during the first semester.” College is a more pressured environment than it used to be, in part because the academic gap between high school and college has increased. Many college freshmen have never had to make independent decisions about sex, drugs and alcohol. Most don’t know how to manage their time or money. They often feel lonely and overwhelmed, resulting in anxiety and depression.Nancy Corbin, director of clinical service for student-counseling (咨询) services at Iowa State University, says her office is seeing a significant increase in requests for counseling from freshmen who are having trouble making the adjustment to college life. She says older teenagers increasingly lack the skills to deal with personal problems that aren’t easily defined or fixed. And they get homesick but have a hard time admitting it.Parents and high schools can make things easier on freshmen by preparing them differently. For example, by teaching them to budget their hours and dollars. The Harveys think high schools should offer a college-life course. “Parents need to focus more on relationship and personal issues and less on how many sheets and towels to take,” they say. Many homesick freshmen think they’ll be regarded as failures if they come home before Thanksgiving. So parents can help by letting them know they’re welcome to return if they feel the need. In the meantime, parents have to find new ways to keep in touch with their college kids. One of the best ways is e-mail. It’s less unpleasant and less expensive than constant phone calls and is more likely to be answered than a handwritten letter.1. Why is the first semester difficult for freshmen in college?A. Because they often fail in exams.B. Because they lack time and money.C. Because they are too homesick to make new friends.D. Because they have to settle personal issues on their own.2. In the last paragraph, it is suggested that ________.A. parents should stop buying anything for their kidsB. parents should develop a good relationship with their kidsC. parents should be taught how to send e-mails to their kidsD. parents should work with high schools in college-life courses3. Which of the following might be the best title for the passage?A. Hard Life of College FreshmenB. Approaches to Trouble in CollegeC. Freshmen’s Adaptation ProblemsD. A Strange Phenomenon in CollegeBJoshua Nelson, 18, fromMissouri, is graduating fromSt. CharlesWestHigh Schoolthis week and will be attendingSoutheastMissouriStatein the fall. He had saved upmoney to pay for his tuition, but when he received the college's President's Scholarship, he decided to take his savings and donate it to other students in need.“It comes from my family education and faith," Nelson said. "I've always lived by strong principles as far as being a cheerful giver andhaving an open handwhen it comes to giving back so I feel like that really motivated me.”SEMO's President's Scholarship is the school’s most celebrated, and is only awarded to five top students annually. Nelsonsaid he sat down and outlined how a scholarship could work to help future students who need financial assistance for college. Originally the plan was to give away $ 1,000 the one time, but then he met up with his counselor (顾问), Yolanda Curry, to work outa game plan.“I wasn't expecting it at all!” Curry said. "He told me he had a great idea and wanted to share it with me. I could tell he was really excited.Nelson, in association with his high school, set up the Joshua Nelson Leaders In Action Scholarship fund. Each year, $1,000 will be awarded to a senior. The money will come from donations, of which there have been $16,000 so far — for a total of $17,435 at last count, according to the school. With the money already in the fund, there's enough to give out a scholarship each year for over a decade. The first scholarship was awarded on June 1 to Darrell Montalvo-Luna. As the first recipient, his scholarship was $2,000.“Joshua has the heart of a servant leader. He leads by example and he's genuinely excited when good things happen for other people," Curry said. "He's an encouragement — he's good at building others up and does what he can to help encourage and motivate those around.4. What did Nelson's initial donation come from?A. His scholarship.B. His savings.C. His pocket money.D. His wages.5. What does the underlined phrase "having an open hand" in paragraph 2 mean?A. Ambitious.B. Courageous.C. Generous.D. Cautious.6. How did Curry feel when hearing Nelson's idea?A. Shocked.B. Confused.C. Excited.D. Delighted.7. What can be inferred about the Joshua Nelson Leaders In Action Scholarship fund?A. It never supports high school students.B. It was set up more than ten years ago.C. It was founded by Nelson and Curry.D. It is going very smoothly.COne rainy afternoon, I was on a crosstown bus when ayoung woman jumped on. She had a child with her who must have been about 3 or 4 years old.The bus was full, bumpy, and it soon got noisy as her kid began crying because he couldn’t sit next to his mother. There were a couple of open seats, but they weren’t together. She wasflusteredand looked embarrassed.Then another woman, a little older, stood up and moved so that the mother and child could sit together. The mom smiled as a thank-you. And then three words came out of the older woman’s mouth that elevated the entire energy of that bus ride: “I’ve been there”.Simple, undramatic and honest. In that moment, it seemed to unite people. Why? Because almost all experiences are shared human experiences. We forget that, as we forge (前进) through life, focused onour own troubles and needs—which are actually less unique than we think. How can these three words create more connection in your life? Ask yourself: “Where am I holding back?One thing I know for sure is this: Healing others helps heal yourself. I noticed this recently with my friend, Tracy, who took a new friend who had suffered a miscarriage under her wing. Tracy had three of them before having her daughter two years ago. Our intellect needs a doctor to explain the medical side of things, yes. But our souls need human connection to help us along. No one can do that better than someone who has been exactly where you are.Can the essence of these three words help you make a small difference right now? It can be as simple as volunteering your seat, sharing some helpful advice or even lightening the mood with a joke when you notice thatsomeone’s uncomfortable—because we’re all in this together.8. The underlined word “flustered” in the second paragraph is closest in meaning to _______.A. angryB. anxiousC.scaredD. upset9. What does the woman mean by saying “ I’ve been there”in the third paragraph？A. The woman was on the bus and saw what had happened to the boy.B. The woman got to her destination and was ready to get off the bus.C. The woman once had the similar experience with that mother.D. The woman took the exact seat that the boy was on just now.10. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage?A. Everyone has his or her own unique problem that is difficult to solve.B. Doctors can help us get through when we have mental or physical problems.C. The author’s friend Tracy felt better after she was comforted by her new friend.D. One can indeed make a difference to those in need of help by doing simple things.11. The passage isintended to _______.A. show a harmonious world by telling some touching storiesB. praise those who are willing to help others in emergenciesC. appeal to readers to give timely help to those in needD. illustrate some ways of helping others in detailDMost teenagers are still trying to find their passion and purposes in life. However, not Gitanjali Rao. The 15-year-old girl has been coming up with innovative solutions to worldwide problems since she was ten. It is, therefore, not surprising that the teenager has won the honor of “America's Top Young Scientist”.In the third grade, Rao was inspired to build a device after witnessing the shocking story unfold in Flint, Michigan, where cost-cutting measures led to the use of a polluted river as the city's primary water supply and incredibly high levels of lead made their way into people's drinking water.After two months' research, Rao designed a small and portable device that used sensors to instantly detect lead in water. Called Tethys, after the Greek Goddess(女神) of freshwater, it attaches to a cellphone and informs the residents via an app if their drinking water contains lead. The design earned her the 3M Young Scientist Challenge in 2017. She is currently working with scientists and medical professionals to test Tethys' potential and hopes the device will be ready for commercial use by 2022.Later, Rao took on another social issue-drug addiction. Her app, called Epione, which won the Health Pillar Prize at the TCS Ignite Innovation Student Challenge in May 2019, is designed to catch drug addiction in young adults before it's too late.More recently, the teenager has developed an app named Kindly, which usesartificial intelligence technology to detect possible signs of cyberbullying(网上欺凌). When users type in a word or phrase, Kindly is able to pick it up if it's bullying, and then it gives the option to edit it or send it the way it is. It gives them the chance to rethink what they are saying so that they know what to do next time.All kinds of awesome, Gitanjali Rao has been selected from 5,000 equally impressive nominees(被提名人) for TIME Magazine's first-ever “Kid of the Year”.12. What gave Rao the idea of inventing the device Tethys?A. The incident of lead pollution.B. The issue with drug addiction.C. The shortage of water supplies.D. The high cost of purifying water.13. What is Rao expecting of Tethys?A. It'll remove metal from water.B. It'll make it to market soon.C. It'll win her a higher prize.D. It'll be fitted to cellphones.14. What will Kindly allow users to do?A. Receive pre-warning signals of threat.B. Input words into a computer automatically.C. Choose from secure social networking sites.D. Weigh their words before posting them online.15. Which of the following can best describe Gitanjali Rao as a young scientist?A. Ambitious and humble.B. Optimistic and adventurous.C. Talkative and outstanding.D. Creative and productive.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
山东省邹平市第一中学2018.doc
山东省邹平市第一中学2018 邹平一中2018级高一下学期第一次阶段性考试化学试题一、单选题共50分，1-10每小题2分，11-20每小题3分1.化学与生产、生活密切相关，下列说法正确的是 A. 平昌冬奥会“北京8分钟”主创团队用石墨烯制作发热服饰，说明石墨烯是导热金属材料 B. “地沟油”禁止食用，但处理后可用来制肥皂和生物柴油 C. “一带一路”被誉为现代丝绸之路”，丝绸属于合成纤维，主要含C、H、O、N元素D. 聚乙烯PE和聚氯乙烯PVC都是食品级塑料制品的主要成分，并且都耐高温【答案】B 【解析】【详解】A.石墨烯是非金属材料，故A错误； B.“地沟油”的主要成分是油脂，含有有毒物质，不能食用，油脂在碱性条件下水解可制取肥皂，油脂燃烧放出大量热量，可制作生物柴油，故B正确； C.丝绸的主要成分是蛋白质，属于天然高分子化合物，故C错误； D.聚氯乙烯PVC对人体存在潜在危害，不是食品级塑料制品，故D错误。
故选B。
2.下列说法正确的是A. 任何化学反应都伴随着能量变化 B. 白炽灯工作时电能全部转变为光能 C. BaOH28H2O 晶体与NH4Cl反应为放热反应 D. 18.4 mol·L－1H2SO4溶液可将蛋白质从水中析出且不改变它的性质【答案】A 【解析】【详解】A.化学反应发生物质变化的同时一定发生能量变化，故A正确；B.白炽灯工作时，电能主要转化为光能，是主要而不是全部，因为还有部分电能转化为热能，故B错误；C.Ba（OH）28H2O晶体与NH4Cl晶体反应时要吸收能量，所以属于吸热反应，故C错误； D.蛋白质遇到18.4mol·L－1H2SO4溶液，会导致其理化性质的改变和生物活性的丧失，会发生化学变化，失去原有的生理功能，此过程为蛋白质的变性，故D错误。
故选A。
【点睛】向蛋白质溶液中加入硫酸钾溶液或者加入硫酸铵溶液或氯化钠，此过程叫做蛋白质的“盐析”为物理变化；蛋白质受热或遇到浓硝酸、硝酸汞等重金属盐、甲醛等有机溶剂化学物质，失去原有的生理功能，此过程叫做蛋白质的“变性”为化学变化。
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邹平一中2018级高一下学期第一次阶段性考试化学试题2019.3.24第I卷(选择题)一、单选题(共50分，1-10每小题2分，11-20每小题3分)1.化学与生产、生活密切相关，下列说法正确的是A. 平昌冬奥会“北京8分钟”主创团队用石墨烯制作发热服饰，说明石墨烯是导热金属材料B. “地沟油”禁止食用，但处理后可用来制肥皂和生物柴油C. “一带一路”被誉为现代丝绸之路”，丝绸属于合成纤维，主要含C、H、O、N元素D. 聚乙烯(PE)和聚氯乙烯(PVC)都是食品级塑料制品的主要成分，并且都耐高温【答案】B【解析】【详解】A.石墨烯是非金属材料，故A错误；B.“地沟油”的主要成分是油脂，含有有毒物质，不能食用，油脂在碱性条件下水解可制取肥皂，油脂燃烧放出大量热量，可制作生物柴油，故B正确；C.丝绸的主要成分是蛋白质，属于天然高分子化合物，故C错误；D.聚氯乙烯(PVC)对人体存在潜在危害，不是食品级塑料制品，故D错误。
故选B。
2.下列说法正确的是A. 任何化学反应都伴随着能量变化B. 白炽灯工作时电能全部转变为光能C. Ba(OH)2•8H2O晶体与NH4Cl反应为放热反应D. 18.4 mol·L－1H2SO4溶液可将蛋白质从水中析出且不改变它的性质【答案】A【解析】【详解】A.化学反应发生物质变化的同时一定发生能量变化，故A正确；B.白炽灯工作时，电能主要转化为光能，是主要而不是全部，因为还有部分电能转化为热能，故B错误；C.Ba（OH）2•8H2O晶体与NH4Cl晶体反应时要吸收能量，所以属于吸热反应，故C错误；D.蛋白质遇到18.4mol·L－1H2SO4溶液，会导致其理化性质的改变和生物活性的丧失，会发生化学变化，失去原有的生理功能，此过程为蛋白质的变性，故D错误。
故选A。
【点睛】向蛋白质溶液中加入硫酸钾溶液或者加入硫酸铵溶液或氯化钠，此过程叫做蛋白质的“盐析”为物理变化；蛋白质受热或遇到浓硝酸、硝酸汞等重金属盐、甲醛等有机溶剂化学物质，失去原有的生理功能，此过程叫做蛋白质的“变性”为化学变化。
3.下列说法正确的是A. 氨基酸均只含有一个羧基和一个氨基B. 植物油能使溴的四氯化碳溶液褪色C. 石油的分馏、煤的干馏均属于化学变化D. 煤的气化、煤的液化属于物理变化【答案】B【解析】【详解】A.氨基酸分子的结构特点是至少含有一个氨基和羧基，并且都有一个氨基和羧基连在同一个碳原子上，故A错误；B.植物油能使溴的四氯化碳溶液褪色，植物油为不饱和高级脂肪酸甘油酯，含不饱和键，故B正确；C.石油的分馏是利用石油中各种成分沸点不同将其分离的一种方法，没有新物质生成，是物理变化，煤的干馏是将煤隔绝空气加强热，煤发生复杂的反应获得煤焦油、焦炉煤气等的过程，是化学变化，故C错误；D.煤的气化是在高温条件下煤与水蒸气反应生成CO和H2，是化学变化；煤的液化，是把固体炭通过化学加工过程，使其转化成为液体燃料、化工原料和产品的先进洁净煤技术，有新物质生成，属于化学变化，故D错误。
故选B。
4.下列过程中，共价键被破坏的是( )A. Na2O2熔化B. 碳酸氢钠加热分解C. 酒精溶于水D. MgCl2溶于水【答案】B【解析】【分析】一般非金属元素之间形成共价键，由共价键形成的物质在溶于水、化学变化中共价键被破坏，据此答题。
【详解】A.Na2O2熔化，破坏离子键，不破坏共价键，故A不选；B.碳酸氢钠加热分解生成碳酸钠、二氧化碳和水，发生了化学反应，破坏了离子键和共价键，故B选；C.酒精溶于水，只溶解，不发生电离，破坏分子间作用力，不破坏共价键，故B不选；D.MgCl2是离子化合物，MgCl2溶于水破坏离子键，不破坏共价键，故D不选。
故选B。
【点睛】注意金属元素和非金属元素之间可能存在共价键，明确晶体的构成微粒及微粒之间存在的作用力即可解答。
5.C60、H3、O2-、N5+等微粒均已被发现或制备出来。
下列有关叙述中，不正确的是A. C60与金刚石互为同素异形体B. H3和H2化学性质相同，互为同位素C. KO2属于含有共价键的离子化合物D. N5+中含有34个电子【答案】B【解析】分析：A.由同一种元素形成的不同单质互为同素异形体；B.质子数相同、中子数不同的同一种元素的不同核素互为同位素；C.根据KO2的结构分析；D.阳离子的核外电子数等于质子数减去所带电荷数。
详解：A. C60与金刚石均是碳元素形成的单质，互为同素异形体，A正确；B. H3和H2化学性质相同，均是单质，不能互为同位素，B错误；C. KO2中含有钾离子和O2－离子，含有离子键，氧元素与氧元素之间还含有共价键，因此属于含有共价键的离子化合物，C正确；D. N5+中含有电子的个数是5×7-1=34，D正确；答案选B。
6.下列化学用语或描述中，正确的是A. F-的结构示意图：B. 次氯酸的电子式：C. 乙烯的结构简式CH2CH2D. 苯乙烯加聚反应的化学方程式:【答案】A【解析】【详解】A.氟离子的核电荷数是9，核外电子总数是10，其离子结构示意图为：，故A正确；B.次氯酸分子中Cl为+1价，共用一对电子，O为-2价，共用了两对电子，次氯酸电子式为，故B错误；C.乙烯的结构简式为CH2=CH2，故C错误；D.苯乙烯加聚反应的化学方程式：，故D错误。
故选A。
7.设N A为阿伏加德罗常数的值，下列说法中正确的是A. 常温常压下，0.5molC4H10中含有的共价键数为6.5N AB. 标准状况下，22.4L由CHCl3和CH2Cl2组成的混合物中含有的分子数目为N AC. 1.8克H218O与D2O的混合物中含有的质子数和电子数均为N AD. 3.4g羟基和3.4g氢氧根离子均含有2N A个电子【答案】A【解析】【详解】A.1分子C4H10中含有13个共价键，则0.5molC4H10中含有的共价键数为6.5N A，故A正确；B.标准状况下CHCl3和CH2Cl2均不是气态，不能利用气体摩尔体积计算22.4L由CHCl3和CH2Cl2组成的混合物中含有的分子数，故B错误；C.H218O与D2O的摩尔质量均为20g/mol，故1.8g混合物的物质的量为0.09mol，而H218O与D2O中均含有10个质子和10个中子，故0.09mol混合物中含有的中子和质子的物质的量均为0.9mol，个数均为0.9N A个，故C错误；羟基与氢氧根离子的摩尔质量均为17g/mol，3.4g羟基和3.4g氢氧根离子的物质的量为0.2mol，氢氧根带一个负电荷，故0.2molOH-含2mol电子即2N A个，0.2mol羟基含1.8mol 电子即1.8N A个，故D错误。
故选A。
8.下列叙述中正确的是A. 除零族元素外，非金属元素全都是主族元素B. 第ⅦA族元素单质越活泼，其熔点和沸点就越高C. 第三周期气态氢化物HCl、H2S、PH3的稳定依次增强D. 元素周期表中一共有16个纵行,在金属元素与非金属元素的分界线附近可以寻找制备半导体材料的元素【答案】A【解析】【详解】A.除零族元素外，非金属元素全都是主族元素，故A正确；B.第ⅦA族元素单质越活泼，其熔点和沸点就越低，故B错误；C.同周期从左向右非金属性逐渐增强，则第三周期气态氢化物HCl、H2S、PH3的稳定依次减弱，故C错误；D.元素周期表中一共有18个纵行，16个族，元素周期表里金属元素和非金属元素分界线附近的元素既有金属性，又有非金属性，所以可制半导体材料，故D错误。
故选A。
9. 已知在周期表中第118号元素位于周期表的第七周期0族，预测第114号元素的下列叙述中，错误的是A. 位于周期表的第七周期第ⅣA族B. 原子的最外层有4个电子C. 肯定是非金属元素D. 常见的化合价有+2和+4价【答案】C【解析】试题分析：A．第七周期零族元素原子序数为118，处于第18列，114号元素与118号元素同周期，原子序数相差4，故所处列数也相差4，即114号元素处于14列，为ⅣA族元素，即114号元素位于周期表的第七周期第ⅣA族，A正确；B．114号元素处于ⅣA族，则原子的最外层有4个电子，B正确；C．同主族自上而下金属性增强，故114号元素为金属元素，C错误；D．114号元素处于ⅣA族，常见的化合价有+2和+4价，D正确，答案选C。
【考点定位】本题主要是考查结构性质位置关系【名师点晴】解答的关键是确定元素在周期表中的位置，根据同主族元素性质的相似性与递变性解答，注意掌握利用原子序数确定元素在元素周期表位置的方法，即。
由原子序数确定元素位置的规律：只要记住了稀有气体元素的原子序数(He—2、Ne—10、Ar—18、Kr—36、Xe—54、Rn—86)，就可由主族元素的原子序数推出主族元素的位置。
（1）若比相应的稀有气体元素多1或2，则应处在下周期的第ⅠA族或第ⅡA族，如88号元素：88－86＝2，则应在第七周期第ⅡA族；（2）若比相应的稀有气体元素少1～5时，则应处在同周期的第ⅦA族～第ⅢA族，如84号元素应在第六周期第ⅥA族；（3）若预测新元素，可与未发现的稀有气体元素(118号)比较，按上述方法推测知：114号元素应为第七周期第ⅣA族。
10.下列叙述正确的是A. 乙醇俗名酒精，不能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液退色B. 油脂在酸性或碱性条件下水解都可得到甘油和高级脂肪酸C. 石油裂化的目的是提高轻质燃料油的质量和产量D. 煤中含有的苯、甲苯、二甲苯等有机物，可通过煤的干馏来获得【答案】C【解析】【详解】A.乙醇俗名酒精，因为乙醇有羟基，能被酸性高锰酸钾溶液氧化，所以乙醇能使酸性高锰酸钾溶液褪色，故A错误；B.油脂在酸性条件下水解得到甘油和高级脂肪酸，油脂在碱性条件下水解都可得到甘油和高级脂肪酸盐，故B错误；C.石油裂化的目的为了提高轻质液体燃料（汽油，煤油，柴油等）的产量，特别是提高汽油的产量，故C正确；D.煤的组成以有机质为主体，构成有机高分子的主要是碳、氢、氧、氮等元素，煤不含苯和二甲苯等，故D错误。
故选C。
11.下列有关说法正确的是A. 蛋白质是由C、H、O、N四种元素组成的物质B. 硝基乙烷(CH3CH2NO2) 与甘氨酸(氨基乙酸)互为同分异构体C. 石油裂解和油脂皂化都是由高分子化合物生成小分子物质的过程D. 合成高聚物的单体是【答案】B【解析】分析：A.根据组成蛋白质的元素分析判断；B.分子式相同结构不同的化合物互为同分异构体；C.根据裂解的含义以及油脂不是高分子化合物分析；D.根据高聚物是加聚产物判断其单体。
详解：A. 蛋白质是由C、H、O、N、S、P等元素组成的物质，A错误；B. 硝基乙烷(CH3CH2NO2)与甘氨酸(NH2CH2COOH)的分子式相同，结构不同，互为同分异构体，B正确；C. 石油裂解是采取比裂化更高的温度，使石油分馏产物中的长链烃断裂成乙烯、丙烯等短链烃的过程，另外油脂也不是高分子化合物，C错误；D. 高聚物属于加聚产物，其单体是乙烯和丙烯，D错误。