2011年综合类职称英语教材新增文章

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职称英语综合类阅读理解新增文章

年职称英语综合类阅读理解新增文章
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2011年职称英语综合类类阅读理解
新增文章篇目
第八篇The State of Marriage Today
*第三十八篇Excessive Demands on Young People
But what are the reasons for this，and is the picture really so gloomy?The answer to thefirst question is really quite simple：marriage is no longer the necessity it once was．Theinstitution of marriage has been based for years partly on economic need．Women used to beeconomically dependent on their husbands as they usually didn’t havejobs outside the home．Butwith the risingnumber of women in well—paying jobs，this is no longer the case，so they don’tfeel that they need to stay in a failing marriage．
词汇：
Divorcen．离婚
Evidencen．证据，迹象
Futuristn．未来主义者
Explodev．激增，迅速扩大

2011职称英语新增文章(B)

2011年理工类职称英语教材新增文章下载Batteries Built by VirusesWhat do chicken pox, the common cold，the flu，and AIDS have in common? They're all disease caused by viruses，tiny microorganisms that can pass from person to person. It’s no wonder1 that when most people think about viruses, finding ways to steer clear of2 viruses is what's on people's minds.Not everyone runs from the tiny disease carriers, though3.In Cambridge，Massachusetts4, scientists have discovered that some viruses can be helpful in an unusual way. They are putting viruses to work，teaching them to build some of the world’s smallest rechargeable batteries.Viruses and batteries may seem like an unusual pair, but they're not so strange for engineer Angela Belcher, who first came up with5 the idea. At the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) in Cambridge，she and her collaborators bring together different areas of science in new ways. In the case of the virus-built batteries，the scientists combine what they know about biology，technology and production techniques.Belcher’s team includes Paula Hammond，who helps put together the tiny batteries，and Yet-Ming Chiang, an expert on how to store energy in the form of a battery. "We're working on things we traditionally don’t associate with nature," says Hammond.Many batteries are already pretty small. You can hold A，C and D batteries6 in your hand. The coin-like batteries that power watches are often smaller than a penny. However，every year，new electronic devices like personal music players or cell phones get smaller than the year before. As these devices shrink，ordinary bakeries won’t be small enough to fit inside.The ideal battery will store a lot of energy in a small package. Right now，Belcher’s model battery，a metallic disk completely built by viruses，looks like a regular watch battery. But inside，its components are very small-so tiny you can only see them with a powerful microscope.How small are these battery parts? To get some idea of the size，pluck one hair from your head. Place your hair on a piece of white paper and try to see how wide your hair is-pretty thin，right? Although the width of each person’s hair is a bit different，you could probably fit about 10 of these virus-built battery parts，side to side，across one hair. These microbatteries may change the way we look at viruses7.词汇：chicken pox水痘 collaborator n.合作者，协作者microorganism n.微生物 pluck v.拔，摘，采metallic adj.金属的注释：1.no wonder：不足为奇的，难怪2.steer clear of：避开，绕开3.though：意思为“然而，可是”。

2011职称英语新增文章A类

Some People Do Not Taste Salt Like Others一、Low-salt foods may be harder for some people to like than others，according to a study by a Penn State College of Agricultural Sciences1 food scientist. The research indicates that genetic factors influence some of the difference in the levels of salt we like to eat.二、Those conclusions are important because recent，well-publicized efforts to reduce the salt content in food2 have left many people struggling to accept fare that simply does not taste as good to them as it does to others3，pointed out John Hayes，assistant professor of food science，who was lead investigator4 on the study.三、Diets high in salt can increase the risk of high blood pressure and stroke. That is why public health experts and food companies are working together on ways to help consumers lower salt intake through foods that are enjoyable to eat. This study increases understanding of salt preference and consumption.四、The research involved 87 carefully screened participants who sampled salty foods such as soup and chips，on multiple occasions，spread out over weeks5.Test subjects were 45 men and 42 women，reportedly healthy，ranging in age from 20 to 40 years. The sample was composed of individuals who were not actively modifying their dietary intake and did not smoke cigarettes. They rated the intensity of taste on a commonly used scientific scale，ranging from barely detectable to strongest sensation of any kind.五、“Most of US like the taste of salt. However，some individuals eat more salt，both because they like the taste of saltiness more，and also because it is needed to block other unpleasant tastes in food. "said Hayes." Supertasters，people who experience tastes more intensely，consume more salt than nontasters do. Snack foods have saltiness as their primary flavor，and at least for these foods，more is better，so the supertasters seem tolike them more.”六、However，supertasters also need higher levels of salt to block unpleasant bitter tastes in foods such as cheese，Hayes noted. "For example，cheese is a wonderful blend of dairy flavors from fermented milk，but also bitter tastes from ripening that are blocked by salt," he said. "A supertaster finds low-salt cheese unpleasant because the bitterness is too pronouncedo6."七、Hayes cited research done more than 75 years ago by a chemist named Fox and a geneticist named Blakeslee，showing that individuals differ in their ability to taste certain chemicals. As a result，Hayes explained，we know that a wide range in taste acuity exists，and this variation is as normal as variations in eye and hair color.八、“Some people，called supertasters，describe bitter compounds as being extremely bitter，while others. called nontasters，find these same bitter compounds to be tasteless or only weakly bitter，"he said." Response to bitter compounds is one of many ways to identify biological difterences in food preference because supertasting7 is not limited to bitterness. (476)1.In paragraph 2，John Hayes points out that C.many people accept low-salt tasteless food reluctantly2.The fourth paragraph describes briefly A.how to select subjects and what to do in the research.3.The article argues that supertasters B.1ike snack foods as saltiness is their primary flavor.4.Which of the following applies to supertasters in terms of bitter taste?C.They prefer high-salt cheese，which tastes less bitter. 5.What message do the last two paragraphs carry? A.Taste acuity is genetically determined.第四十六篇Marvelous MetamaterialsInvisibility cloaks1 would have remained impossible，forever locked in science fiction，had it not been for the development of metamaterials2.In Greek，“meta”means beyond，and metamaterials can do things beyond what we see in the natural world-like shuffle light waves around an object，and then bring them back together3.If scientists ever manage to build a full-fledged invisibility cloak，it will probably be made of metamaterials.“We are creating materials that don’t exist in nature，and that have a physical phenomenon that doesn't exist in nature，”says engineer Dentcho Genov.“Th at is the most exciting thing.” Genov designs and builds metamaterials-such as those used in cloaking-at Louisiana Tech University in Ruston，Louisiana4.An invisibility cloak will probably not be the first major accomplishment to come from the field of metamaterials. Other applications are just as exciting. In many labs，for example，scientists are working on building a hyperlens. A lens is a device-usually made of glass-that can change the direction of light waves. Lenses are used in microscopes and cameras to focus light，thus allowing a researcher to see small things or a photographer to capture image of things that are far away.A hyperlens，however，would be made of metamaterials. And since metamaterials can do things with light that ordinary materials can't，the hyperlens would be apowerful tool. A hyperlens would allow researchers to see things at the smallest scale imaginable-as small as the wavelength of visible light.Genov points out that the science of metamaterials is driven by the imagination：If someone can mink of an idea for a new behavior for light，then the engineers can find a way to design a device using metamaterials. “We need people who can imagine，”he says.Since 2006，many laboratories have been exploring other kinds of metamaterials that don't involve just visible light. In fact，scientists are finding that almost any kind of wave may respond to metamaterials.At the Polytechnic University of Valencia in Spain5，Jose Sanchez-Dehesa is working with acoustics, or the science of sound. Just as an invisibility cloak shuffles waves of light，an “acoustic”cloak would shuffle waves of sound in a way that’s not found in nature. In an orchestra hall，for example. an acoustic cloak could redirect the sound waves-so someone sitting behind a column would hear the same concert as the rest of the audience，without distortion.Sanchez-Dehesa，an engineer，recently showed that it's possible to build such an acoustic cloak, though he doubts we’ll see one any time soon.“In principle，it is possible，”he says，but it might be impossible to make one，he adds.Other scientists are looking into ways to use larger metamaterials as shields around islands or oil rigs6 as protection from tsunamis. A tsunami is a giant,destructive wave. The metamaterial would redirect the tsunami around the rig or island，and the wave would resume its journey on the other side without causing any harm.练习：1.What is true for metamaterials?C.They are nonexistent in nature.2.A hyperlens is a more powerful tool than a traditional lensD.as it can help scientists to see even the wavelengths of visible light.3.Scientists at the Polytechnic University of Valencia try to inventC.an acoustic cloak that can shuffle waves of sound.4.According to Sanchez-Dehesa，B.it is possible to build an acoustic cloak in theory but far from reality.5.What ways are some scientists looking into to protect the island and oil rig from tsunamis?(Read the last paragraph.)A.Surround them with metamaterials as protective shields.Young Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ ScoresYoung adults who are fit have a higher IQ 1 and are more （1 C likely） to go on to university，reveals a major new study2 carried out at the Sahlgrenska Academy3 and Sahlgrenska University Hospital.The results were recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS)4.The study involved 1.2 million Swedish men doing military service who were born between 1950 and 1976.The research group analysed the （2 D results）of both physical and IQ tests the youngsters took right after they started serving the army.The study shows a clear link （3 B between） good physical fitness and better results for the IQ test.The strongest links are for （4 A logical） thinking and verbal comprehension.But it is only fitness that plays a （5 C role） in the results for the IQ test5，and not strength.“Being fit means that you also have good heart and lung （6 A capacity） and that your brain gets plenty of （7 C oxygen），"says Michael Nilsson，professor at the Sahlgrenska Academy and chief physician at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital.“This may be one of the reasons （8 B why ）we can see a clear link with fitness，but not with muscular （9 C strength）.We are also seeing that there are growth factors that are important.”By analysing data for twins，the researchers have been （10 A able ）to determine that it is primarily environmental factors and not genes that explain the link between fitness and a （11 D higher）IQ.“We have also shown that those youngsters who （12 B improve） their physical fitness between the ages of 15 and 18 increase their cognitive performance，”says Mafia Aberg，researcher at the Sahlgrenska Academy and physician at Aby health centre.“This being the case6 ，physical （13 D education） is a subject that has an important place in schools，and is an absolute must7 if we want to do well in maths and other theoretical subjects."The researchers have also compared the results from fitness tests （14 D during ）national service8 with the socio-economic status of the men later in （15 B life）.Those who were fit at 18 were more likely to go into higher education，and many secured more qualified jobs.。

2011职称英语考试必备电子版资料_教材_教程_MP3_下载地址

外语是专业技术人员学习国处先进知识和技术，进行交流和重要工具，也是专业技术人员能力建设的重要方面。

为了帮助广大专业技术人员学习英语，熟悉全国职称英语等级考试的方法，我们根据人事部专业技术人员管理司审定的《全国专业技术人员职称英语等级考试大纲》，组织编写了2011年版《职称英语等级考试用书》。

该书主要内容包括职称英语等级考试介绍，解题方法，按大纲题型编写的学习材料及2010年度全国专业技术人员职称等级考试试题的分析。

本书中未加符号标注的文章难度相当于C级；
本书中标有“*”的为B级；
本书中标有“+”的为A级。

目录:
职称英语等级考试介绍及解题方法第一部分词汇选项
第二部分阅读判断
第三部分概括大意和完成句子
第四部分阅读理解
第五部分补全短文
第六部分完形填空
2010年职称英语卫生类真题及解析。

2011职称英语新增文章

第二篇WorlｄCｒudｅOiｌPrｏductiｏｎMay Peak ａDecadｅEａrl ｉerＴhａn ＳomｅＰｒediｃtIn a ｆｉndiｎg thaｔmay speeｄeffoｒｔs to ｃonservｅｏil，scieｎtists iｎＫuｗait pｒediｃｔｔｈat wｏrｌd cｏnｖeｎｔionａl crude oiｌproduction wｉll ｐｅａk in2０14．Thｉs ｐreｄｉｃt ｉoｎｉs alｍost a ｄｅcade earlｉｅrｔhaｎsoｍe othｅrｐredictionｓ. Their stｕｄy ｉs in ACS’Ｅnｅｒｇy&Fｕｅls１.ﻫIbrahiｍNashawi aｎd ｃolleagｕes ｐoｉnt ｏut ｔhat ｒapid groｗｔh ｉｎgloｂal oｉl ｃonsuｍpｔiｏｎｈａs sparkｅd ａｇrowinｇintｅrｅst iｎｐredictinｇ"peak oil"."Peak oｉl" ｉs thｅpoin ｔwhere ｏil ｐｒodｕｃtｉon rｅａchesａｍaximｕｍａｎd then decliｎes.Sｃｉentiｓtｓhave ｄｅvｅlopeｄｓeveral moｄels tｏforeｃaｓt this point,and somｅｐut tｈe ｄate ａt 2020 oｒlater. Onｅof thｅmost faｍouｓforecaｓt modelsｉsｃａllｅd thｅHｕbbeｒt mｏｄel2．Iｔassumeｓｔhat gloｂａl oil proｄuction will fｏllow a beｌl shapｅd cｕｒve3.Ａｒelated conｃｅｐt ｉs thａt4of "Peak Oil."The term "Peak Oｉl＂indiｃaｔes the momｅntin wｈicｈworld widｅprodｕctioｎwill peａk,afｔerwaｒds ｔo start on irreveｒsｉble deｃline．ＴhｅHuｂｂｅrt ｍodel aｃcｕrately pｒedicted that ｏiｌpｒｏd ｕｃtion wouｌd peak in the Uｎitｅd Sｔates ｉn 197０.Ｔhe mｏde ｌｈaｓsince gａinedｉn popｕlaｒiｔyａnd has beenｕsedｔo foｒeｃａst oil ｐroductiｏｎworldwｉｄe.Hoｗｅver，recｅnt studiｅs ｓhow tｈａｔｔhe moｄeｌｉs insufficient to ａcｃount ｆoｒ５morｅcｏmpｌex oil ｐｒoduction ｃyclｅs ｏf some counｔｒies. Ｔhｏｓｅｃycleｓcan be heavily ｉnfluｅnｃed by ｔechnoｌogy cｈanges，politics,anｄoｔher ｆａctors,the scｉentists say.The newｓtuｄy deｓcribeｓdｅveｌopmenｔof a new veｒsion ｏf the Hubbｅrｔmoｄel thaｔｐrovｉdｅs ａmoreｒealistic ａnd acｃurate ｏiｌproduction ｆinｇｔhｅneｗmoｄｅl,tｈe scientists evａluaｔed thｅｏil proｄuｃtiｏn tｒenｄｓof47 ｍajorｏｉl－ｐｒｏducｉng coｕｎｔｒies，ｗhich suｐply moｓt of the worlｄ’s coｎｖenｔｉonal crude oil6.Theｙestiｍａted that worl ｄwide ｃoｎvenｔional crｕde oil prodｕcｔion ｗill peａk iｎ2014,ｙｅars ｅarｌｉer ｔhaｎanｔicipated. The sciｅnｔists also sｈoｗeｄtｈat thｅｗorld’s oil reserｖes７aｒｅbeiｎg reduceｄａtａratｅof 2.1 ｐeｒcｅnｔa yｅar.The ｎｅw modｅl could help i ｎform enerｇy－related decｉｓｉoｎs aｎd public poｌicyｄeｂa ｔe,theｙsuggest.词汇:ﻫconservｅｖ.保护,保存iｒreversible ａdj.不可逆的,不可改变的crude oil原油ﻫsｐark ｖ.闪耀；激发;鼓舞insufficient 不充分的，不足的ｃuｒve ｎ.曲线ﻫ注释：1.ACＳ’Eneｒgy＆Fｕｅls：ACS是Aｍｅｒican Ｃhemicａl Socｉety(美国化学学会）的缩写。

2011职称英语综合类新增文章

2011职称英语综合类新增文章2011年职称英语等级考试大纲没有变化，2010年考试大纲仍可沿用，2011年职称英语等级考试教材在2010年基础上进行了调整与修订，与2010年教材相比，2011年职称英语综合类教材在词汇选项、阅读判断、概括大意与完成句子、补全短文四大题型上都没有变换，只有阅读理解与完型填空两个题型上有部分变化，以下是具体变化：综合类教材变化内容：阅读理解：第八篇(C级)：The State of Marriage Today第三十八篇(B级)：Excessive Demands on Young People第四十七篇(A级)：Spoilt for Choice完型填空：第五篇(c级)：Why People Use Pseudonyms第十二篇(B级)：Sport or Spectacle?第十五篇(A级)：Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years综合类阅读“The Best W ay to Reduce Your Weight”被更新成了“Spoilt for Choice”In answer to the second question，the outlook may not be as pessimistic as it seems．While the rate of divorce has risen，the rate of couples marrying has never actually fallen very much，so marriage is still quite popular．In addition to this．many couples now cohabit and don’t bother to marry．These couples are effectively married，but they do not appear in either the marriage or divorce statistics．In fact．more than 50％Of first marriages survive．The statistics are deceptive because there is a higher number of divorces in second and third marriages than in first marriages．So is marriage really an outdated institution? The fact that most people still get married indicates that it isn’t．And it is also true that married couples have a healthier life than single people：they suffer less from stress and its consequences，such as heart problems，and married men generally consider themselves more contented than their single counterparts．Perhaps the key is to find out what makes a successful marriage and apply it to all of our relationships!词汇：Divorce n．离婚Evidence n．证据，迹象Futurist n．未来主义者Explode v．激增，迅速扩大Predict v．预言，预料，预报Extramarital adj．婚外的Gloomy adj．阴暗的；令人沮丧的Institution n．制度，习俗Outlook n．展望，前景Pessimistic adj．悲观的Cohabit v．同居Effectively ad．实际上Statistics n．统计，统计资料Deceptive adj．迷惑的，骗人的Outdated adj．旧式的，过时的Indicate v．表明，暗示Consequence n．结果，后果Contented adj．满足的，满意的Counterpart n．对应的人(或物)注释：National Family Association：美国国家家庭联合会练习：1．Which is true about the problem of marriage in the United States today?A) Divorce leads to the breakup of the family．B) Half of the married couples get divorced：C) American people marry more than four times．D) More and more people are getting divorced．2．What does “this is no longer the case” in paragraph two mean?A) It is not necessary to get married any more．B) Women do not need a husband any longer．C) Women are not economically dependant any more．D) Many wives do well-paying jobs outside home now．3．Why may the outlook of marriage not be as gloomy as it appears?A) Many people still like to get married．B) The rate of divorce has actually decreased．C) Over 50％of the marriages continue to exist．D) The statistics of divorce is not quite true。

2011职称

下面是2011年阅读理解和完形填空新增文章的目录，供大家在复习时进行对照。

综合类阅读理解部分新增3篇(与2010职称英语教材对比)B级*第三十八篇Excessive Demands on Young People对年轻人的过高期望综合类完型填空部分新增3篇(与2010职称英语教材对比)B级*第十二篇Sport or Spectacle竞技还是表演?综合类教材中完型填空题型错误提醒：1、第十三篇英文暂无译文。

2、第十三篇中文译文实为第十五篇英文的译文。

3、第十五篇中文译文，大家可忽略不计，因英文已在教材删除。

复习重点仍应该放在词汇选项、阅读理解、完型填空三大题型上。

（一）阅读理解题型复习策略：关注新增文章：大家要利用这段时间把2011年新增的文章（新增文章列表见下文），尤其是本类别新增的文章要仔细认真的进行背诵和复习，在背诵文章时，应注意以下三点：（1）背诵每个题目的答案，不能只记ABCD（2）关注文章的中文内容，为换题做准备；（3）要全面重点背诵三个类别中新增的15篇文章，防止串考现象。

（二）完型填空题型复习策略：大家在复习完形填空题型时，应注意以下几点：（1）完型填空题型为题库出题，不需要做课外题目，综合类、理工类、卫生类串考情况比较少，各级别复习重点，综合类学生要扩大复习范围。

（2）复习要有层次感：把握住复习重点（3）复习程度把握：每篇文章的中文意思一定要全部了解，不能只记标题。

文章空白处反复练习，语法现象熟记。

（三）词汇选项题型的复习策略大家可以利用2月份这段时间集中进行同义词的积累和记忆，同时每天利用一定的时间练习进行查字典，对于基础较差的考生，建议抽时间坚持每天可以练习10—20对左右，这样有利于大家全面攻克词汇选项题型。

（四）其他题型的复习策略：阅读判断、概括大意与完成句子和补全短文三个题型，由于题目难度较大，且根据往年出题规律，一般不出教材内的内容，分值所占比重较小。

建议考生在复习过程中主要以掌握解题技巧为主，通过一些习题进行技巧的灵活应用。

[免费]2011年职称英语等级考试用书内容变化情况及其所映射出的考试难度变化

2011年职称英语等级考试用书内容变化情况及其所映射出的考试难度变化2011年职称英语等级考试用书已经发到各地考试中心，参加职称英语考试的考生已经拿到或即将拿到该考试用书。

2011年版的职称英语考试用书同2009年相比有以下变化情况：表1：2011年理工类考试用书变化情况理工类阅读理解部分新增的6篇练习题分别为：(C级)第三篇：Citizen Scientists(C级)第六篇：Arctic Melt(B级)第三十三篇：Experts call for local and regional control of sites for radioactive waste (B级)第三十八篇：Night of the living ants(A级)第四十六篇：How the first stars in the universe came into existence(A级)第五十篇：Cell phones increase traffic, pedestrian fatalities理工类完型填空部分新增的3篇练习题分别为：(C级)第三篇：Seeing red means danger ahead(B级)第十二篇：The case of the disappearing fingerprints(A级)第十五篇：Obtaining drinking water from air Humidity表2：2011年卫生类考试用书变化情况卫生类阅读理解部分新增的6篇练习题分别为：(C级)第五篇：U.S. eats too much salt(B级)第十八篇：Human heart can make new cells(A级)第三十四篇：Do patients trust doctors too much卫生类完型填空部分新增的3篇练习题分别为：(C级)第二篇：8 New York students have swine flu(B级)第七篇：Nurse! I want my mummy(A级)第十二篇：Skin cancer now top cancer among young women in UK 表3：2011年综合类考试用书变化情况综合类阅读理解部分新增的6篇练习题分别为：(C级)第五篇：Sino-Japan animosity lessens(C级)第三十篇：Wikipedia imposes new curbs on editing articles(B级)第三十四篇：Career with a uniform(B级)第三十五篇：Dorm food more comfy(A级)第四十四篇：Americans get touchy(A级)第四十五篇：Women staying in mini-skirts for longer综合类完型填空部分新增的3篇练习题分别为：(C级)第六篇：Reform on the road(B级)第十一篇：On the net friends come and go, talking of…(A级)第十四篇：Sex change surgery guidelines drafted新教材（职称英语考试用书）变化小对考生来说既是好事但可能其中也潜伏着一定的玄机。

大家论坛2011年职称英语综合类完型填空新增文章篇目

2011年职称英语综合类新增文章篇目综合类完形填空新增文章篇目第五篇Why People Use Pseudonyms*第十二篇 Sport or Spectacle?+第十五篇Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Y ears第五篇Why People Use PseudonymsY ou can't choose the name you are given at birth，but in many countries you can change it legally when you reach adulthood. Of course, most people never change their names --1-- they feel unhappy about them. However, some people do --2-- this course of action—particularly artists! What makes an artist want to change their name? Sometimes it's for purely --3--reasons, such as the Nobel Prize winning poet from Chile, Neflali Reyes. He didn't want his father to --4-- he was writing poetry, so he changed his name to Pablo Neruda when he was a young man．--5-- other times the reason may appear eccentric; take the case of the Portuguese poet Fernando Pessoa, --6-- wrote under 75 different names. The reason ?‖ When I use a different name, I always write in a different way," he explained. In most cases，--7-- ,the reason is for social, historical, political, or cultural reasons. Here are some of most --8--:The person's real name is jus --9-- long and difficult to remember. Let's be honest, Madonna Louise Ciccone is not as –10-- to remember as just plain "Madonna". And short names are much easier to remember：William Bradley became Brad Pitt and Edson Arantes do Nascimento became Pele．Sometimes names are changed for marketing –11--．For example，if a name sounds too "foreign", it may be changed to something that is more recognizable in a –12--. So in the film world, Ramon Estsvez adopted the name Martin Sheen. Or maybe the artist's doesn't sound very attractive -- Chad Everett does –13—a lot better than Raymond Cramto.Artists sometimes --l 4-- the name of someone they admire. Robert Zimmerman changed his name to Boo Dylan because of his admiration for the Welsh poet, Dylan Thomas.Another reason may be practicality: in the past, women found it very difficult to get published．To –15-- this situation they's situation they sometimes gave themselves men's names, so the English author Mary Ann Evans became George Eliot, and she did get her books published!词汇：pseudonym n．假名，笔名legally ad．法律上，合法地eccentric adj．古怪的，反常的Portuguese adj．葡萄牙的，葡萄牙人的，葡萄牙语的'plain adj．清楚的，明白的marketing n．推销，营销recognizable adj．可辨认的，可识别的attractive adj．有吸引力的，引人注目的adopt v．采取，采纳admire V．赞赏，钦佩注释：Nobel Prize：诺贝尔奖练习：1．A)as if B)as C)even if D)even2．A)take B)make C)do D)have3．A)private B)individual C)own D)personal4．A)understand B)know C)recognize D)observe5．A)At B)On C)In D)During6．A)whom B)which C)who D)that7．A)but B)although C)though D)however8．A)popular B)common C)ordinary D)average9．A)so B)too C)very D)much10．A)easy B)short C)simple D)brief11．A)aims B)ends C)goals D)purposes12．A、)market B)film C)country D)business1 3．A、)look B)sound C)appearD)seem14．A)choose B)give C)change D)get15．A)admit B)assure C)avoid D)affect答案与题解：1．C 本句前半句提到"大多数人不会改名字"，因此可以判断是选有让步转折意义的"even if''，其他的选项都没有这个意思，尤其要注意even是副词，不可以这样用于句首引出从句。

2011年职称英语综合类考试教材新增内容在真题中的体现

2011 年职称英语综合类考试教材新增内容在真题中的体现综合类教材变化内容：（6 综合类教材变化内容：篇）（阅读理解：第八篇（C 级）：The State of Marriage Today 第三十八篇（B 级）：Excessive Demands on Young People 第四十七篇（A 级）：Spoilt for Choice 完型填空：第五篇（c 级）：Why People Use Pseudonyms 第十二篇（B 级）：Sport or Spectacle？第十五篇（A 级）：Life Expectancy in the Last Hundred Years （A 级）阅读：Spoilt for Choice（新增） 36. Sometimes people ask professionals to help them make decisions because（新出） A the decisions may have serious impact on their lives 37. When people can not easily decide what to buy， which of the following is the least possible choice？ D. seeking advice（不变） 38. Why do products have a short lifespan nowadays？ B They are quickly replaced with new ones.（相似、答案换位）（原题肢）They are more often replaced with better ones. 39. How does migration today differ from that of the past？（答案换位） D People now have more choice about where to migrate. 40. Which of the following best expresses the writer‘s view on choice？（提问方式、答案换位）完形：Sex change surgery guidelines drafted（旧教材） China is set to 1 its first clinical guideline on sex-change surgery， according to a notice put on the website of the Ministry of Health yesterday. The ministry is now soliciting public and professional opinions on the draft guideline. The coming guideline aims to regulate and standardize sex reassignment surgery， part of a treatment for gender identity disorder in transsexuals. Experts 2 nearly 2，000 Chinese have undergone sex-change surgery while 100，000 to 400， 000 are still considering it. However， no official number is available. In the draft， the MOH sets 3 Criteria for both surgical candidates and medical institutions. Candidates for the surgery must be older than 20 and single， the draft guideline said. They are also required to prove a persistent desire for a sex change， to live for at least five consecutive years full-time in the new gender role， and to engage 4 mental therapy for at least one year. Before surgery can take place， a candidate must receive a recommendation for the operation from a __5__ after an appropriate series of therapy sessions. Also， several legal requirements 6 be met before the procedure. The candidate must provide proof from police that he or she has does not have any criminal offenses in the past. The candidate must provide proof from police that he or she has does not have any criminal offenses in the past Police must also agree to change the sex status on the identity card of the 7 receiver before the operation can take 8 The advent of such a guideline 9 to show that the government is concerned 10 the needs of a relatively small 11 of people who want to change sex.But doctors also warn that all stakeholders， including the hospital and prospective receivers， should be highly cautious about this surgery. The operation is more than a medical procedure due 12 its huge social and legal consequences. Doctors should make it clear to those __13__ sex-change surgeries that the option always remains to continue to live in the original role. The guideline requires surgeons to tell patients about other options 14 hormone therapy， They are also required to explain the risks involved ， and underlying social barriers including discrimination ， and administrative recognition and approval. For the candidates， the surgery itself is not the big issue 15 the long run. The real issue is the kind of life he or she will have to lead afterward. 真题答案： 51. opinions （C） 52. estimates（B） 53. criteria （C） 54. desire （B） 55. psychological （A） 56. before （A） 57. offences （B） 58. operation （D） 59. about （A） 60. that （D） 61. procedure （A） 62. seeking （D） 63. requires （C） 64. risks （A） 65. big（B）练习的题目： 1. A. issue B. provide C. withdraw D. bring about 2. A. boast B. estimate C. blame D. offer 3. A. maximum B. minimum C. less D. few 4. A. I B. into C. on D. onto 5. A. physicist B. chemist C. psychologist D. geologist 6. A. can B. must C. may D. cannot 7. A. respective B. prospect C. expecting D. prospective. 8. A. position B. location C. place D. scene 9. A. believes B. is believed C. is believing D. believed 10. A. about B. with C. around D. of 11. A. numeral B. figure C. digit D. number 12. A. in B. with C. to D. into 13. A. seek B. seeking C. sought D. have sought 14. A. as B. such that C. as such D. such as 15. A. in B. on C. under D. blow（B 级）阅读：Excessive Demands on Young People（新增） 41 题干：What is probably true about the multitasking Generation M？（简化）答案：They waste more time than they should spend. 原题：1. According to a recent study， what is probably true about the multitasking Generation M？ B）They waste more time than they should save， contrary to common assumptions. 42 题干：With the introduction of new gadgets， what happens to the Generation M‘s present e-devices？（简化）答案：They become part of their collection. 原题：2.With the advent of new gadgets， what will happen to Generation M‘s present e-devices？ C）They become part of the ever increasing collection of novelties. 43 题干：Multitasking makes the Generation M（简化）答案：distant to their family. 原题：3.How will multitasking affect Generation M adversely？ B） It makes them aloof and elusive to family and friends. 44 题干：The academic feel that many undergraduates badly need to 答案：improve their study skill（新） 45 题干：What attitude should the older generation adopt towards the multitasking youth？答案：Supportive.（大致相同）原题：5.In dealing with today‘s youth， what approach should parents take？ A） Be supportive and understanding 完形：Sport or Spectacle？（新增内容） Muhammad Ali1 is probably the most famous sports figure on earth： he is recognized on every continent and by all generations， The__ （51） of his illness as Parlonson‘s disease2 after his retirement fuelled the debate about the dangers of boxing and criticism__（52） sport. That， the plus his outspoken opposition __ （53）women’s boxing， made people wonder how he would react when one of his daughters decided to __ （54） up the sport. His presence at Laila‘s first professional fight， however ， seemed to broadcast her father’s support. Of course Muhammad Ali wanted to __ （55） his daughter fight.The ring announcer introduced him as the “the greatest” and as he sat down at the ringside the crowd chanted. Twenty-one-year-old Laila‘s debut.fight（首次亮相） was a huge success and there was as much publicity for the __ （56） as her father’s fights once attracted Laila‘s opponent was much weaker than she was and the fight lasted just 31 seconds. Since then， Laila has won most of her fights by knocking out her opponent “She knows （58） she’s doing， said one referee about her. ” “She knows about moving well. You can see some of her dad‘s moves.Laila Ali would rather not 59） herself to her father. She prefers to make （60） Her father （。

2011年职称英语完型填空新增文章译文---综合类

2011年职称英语完型填空新增文章译文---综合类上世纪人类平均寿命的变化综A一百年以前，发达国家的人均寿命大约是47岁；到21世纪初，美英两国的男性平均寿命约为74岁，女性则约为80岁，人们的平均寿命一直在延长。

是什么造成了这样的变化呢？在研究一百年前的人们寿命的时候，我们有必要注意当时一些不治之症。

早在20世纪初，这些不治之症经常是像天花之类的急性的高传染病。

许多儿童因此夭折（也有其他原因），年迈题弱的人也总是面临着它们的威胁。

如今，这些疾病在发达国家已远不能致命，有一些都能被治愈。

这一变化归于许多因素，比如：环境及个人卫生的改善，抗生素的发现及使用，（抗生素大大降低了细菌病的危险）以及常见疾病预防疫苗的接种。

除此之外，更洁净的空气、更好的食物保鲜方法、更舒适温暖的屋子还有对营养的进一步认识，这些总的环境的改善也促进了人们的整体健康。

从基因角度看，人都都能活到85岁，但尽管现在人们寿命确实比以前长了，仍然有一些疾病使得我们不能都活到那个岁数。

现在困扰人们的是像心脏病和中风那种更为慢性的疾病，还有像流行性感冒和AIDS那些通过病毒传染的疾病。

当然，癌症也是一大杀手。

上述疾病大多影响着老年人，但是令人担忧的问题在发达国家日趋明显，如：肥胖，产生更多心脏病和糖尿病等其他疾病患者群渐呈年轻化。

人们如今把这些疾病归为“生活方式疾病”，这意味着人们生活方式的改善有可能阻止它们的进一步发展。

竞技还是表演？综BMuhammad Ali 极有可能是世界上最负盛名的体坛人物：全世界不分老少都熟知拳王Ali。

退役后，Ali被诊断患有帕金森综合症，这激起了社会上对拳击运动危险性的争论和诟病。

另外，由于Ali曾坦白反对女性拳击运动，所以当他的一个女儿— Laila决定跨入拳坛时，人们十分好奇Ali对此会作何回应。

然而，在Laila首场职业争霸赛上，Ali的露面似乎高调宣布了他对女儿的支持。

父亲当然会想看自己女儿的比赛。

2011年职称英语完型填空新增文章译文

吸烟会加重青少年的抑郁情绪理B有些青少年可能会一口接一口地吸烟来消除抑郁，进行所谓的“自我治疗”。

然而加拿大Toronto和Montreal大学的科学家却发现，事实上，吸烟会加重某些青少年的抑郁情绪。

“这项研究是检验吸烟是否可以给青少年带来精神欢愉的几项研究之一，”首席研究员Michael Chaiton如是说，他是Toronto大学Ontario烟草研究组织的助理研究员，“尽管吸烟能在短时间能起到自我治疗的作用，能振奋精神，但根据青少年自我报告的情况，我们发现，从长远看，吸烟的青少年往往有更多的抑郁症状。

”这项研究的内容之一是，约662名高中生完成一份包括20道问题的问卷，问卷的问题是关于吸烟对情绪的影响。

入选的中学学生既有讲法语的，也有讲英语的，他们就读的学校有城市的，也有乡村的，并分布在高档、中档和低档不同社区。

参与调查者分成三组：一组从不吸烟，一组吸烟但不是为了自我治疗，调节情绪或者改善身体状态，另一组是利用吸烟自我治疗的吸烟者。

参与者被问及下列问题：多久会感到倦怠不堪，不想做任何事；多久会出现难以入睡甚至不能入睡的情况；每隔多久会不开心、难过或沮丧；多久会出现对未来绝望的心态；每隔多久会感到烦恼紧张，对所有事情都过分焦虑。

收集到的答案用来衡量抑郁症状的轻重。

“通过吸烟缓解抑郁的吸烟者比不吸烟的青少年更容易加重抑郁症状，”Montreal大学社会和预防医学系教授，研究合作者Jennifer O’Loughlin总结说，“我们研究发现，问卷反馈回来的那些利用吸烟获得精神慰籍的青少年更容易加重抑郁。

”抑郁和吸烟之间的联系主要体现在那些利用吸烟愉悦心情的青少年身上。

“值得重视的是，那些在问卷中反映吸烟能带来精神安慰的青少年，他们在问卷中所得的抑郁评分也较高，”Chaiton博士说。

宇宙中哪种气体温度最低？理C地球上记录到的最低温度是多少？出现在哪里？地球上最低的温度是-91℃。

1983年出现在南极洲。

2011年职称英语阅读理解新增文章译文

2011年职称英语阅读理解新增文章译文---理工类世界原油产量可能提前十年达到峰值理C科威特科学家预测世界常规原油产量将在2014年达到峰值，这一发现可能会促进储存石油的努力。

这一预测比其他预测提前了将近十年，已经发表在美国化学学会《能量与燃料》杂志上。

伊布赫姆·纳夏威和同事们指出，全球石油消耗的快速增长使人们对“石油峰值”预测的兴趣越来越浓。

“石油峰值”指的是石油产量达到最大值后开始下降的时间点。

科学家已经构建了几个模型来预测这一时间，有些模型认为这一时间在2020年或更晚。

其中最著名的预测模型之一是赫伯特模型。

赫伯特模型认为世界石油产量呈钟形曲线，与此相关的概念是“石油峰值”。

这一术语指的是世界石油产量达到峰值的那一刻，之后将呈现无法逆转的下降趋势。

赫伯特模型精确地预测到美国石油产量于1970年达到峰值。

这一模型从此受到欢迎，已经用于预测世界石油生产。

但是，最近研究表明，这一模型不足以解释某些国家更加复杂的石油生产周期。

科学家称，这些生产周期受到技术变化、政策和其他因素的很大影响。

最近研究描述了赫伯特模型的新版本，提供了更加实际、更加准确的石油生产预测。

科学家使用新模型评估了47个主要产油国家的石油生产趋势，这47个国家是世界常规原油的主要提供者。

科学家预计全球常规原油产量将于2014年达到峰值，比之前预计的要早很多年。

科学家还指出，世界石油储量正在以2.1%的速度逐年减少，他们认为新模型会帮助做出与能源相关的决定，帮助进行国家政策辩论。

编制灯光在墨西哥中西部的马德雷山脉，维克人过着与祖先类似的生活——他们不是用电，因为在他们居住的偏远山区架设电线成本太大。

维克人以制作精美的工艺品为生，他们到几百英里以外的城市去销售工艺品。

因为家里和路上都没有电，他们只能白天工作，天一黑就不得不停下手中的活计。

如今，一个由科学家、设计师和建筑师组成的团队正在利用新技术为维克人在太阳下山之后提供光亮。

2011年职称英语完形填空新增文章

第二篇InfluenzaInfluenza[,influ'enzə]流行性感冒has been with us a long time．According___1____ some Greek writers on medical history，the outbreak of 412 B.C．was of influenza．The same has been suggested of the sickness that swept through l the Greek army_____2_____ Syracuse in 395 B．C．Flu is a disease that moves most quickly among people____3____ in crowded conditions，hence[hens]因此，it is likely to attack armies．During the nineteenth century there were five widespread＿＿４＿＿of influenza．The last of the five_____5_____ in l889 and marked the beginning of the story of influenza in our time．Like the_____6_____started in Asia．For more than forty years before that outbreak，influenza had steadily＿＿7＿＿and was believed to be dying out.2 A new group of outbreaks was introduced by the great outbreak of l889-1890 and for the next quarter of a century flu ____8____ a constant threat．In April 1918 flu broke out3among American troops stationed in France．It quickly spread through all the armies but caused relatively____9____deaths．Four months later，____10____，a second outbreak started which proved to be a killer. It killed not only the old and already sick but also____11_____young adults．It went through4 everycountry in the world，only a few distant islands in the South Atlantic and the Pacific remaining____12 ____．It brought the life of whole countries_____l3____，food supplies stopped and work loss was very great．Before the great outbreak ended，it___l4___ at least l5 million people．Thereafter there have been several great outbreaks throughout the world．It is thus____15_____ that influenza is a terrible infection that we have to pay more attention to.词汇：Influenza n．流行性感冒Outbreak n．爆发Syracuse n．叙拉古(意大利西西里岛东南部一海港)Widespread 普遍的，散布很广的steadily adv．稳定地quarter n．四分之一constant 妨经常发生的troop (常用复数)军队，部队station vt．驻扎’Atlantic adj"．大西洋的；n．(the Atlantic)大西洋Pacific adj．太平洋的；n．(the Pacific)太平洋Thereafter adv．此后，其后注释：1．sweep through：席卷，横扫0…2．die out：消失，不复存在3．break out：突然发生；爆发4．go through：走遍练习：1．A at B to C in D from2．A being attacked B having been attacked C attacked D attacking3．A sitting B standing C living D appearing4．A outbreaks B incidents C accidents D cases5．A changed B happened C arise D descend6．A it B they C which D those7．A enlarged B strengthened C decreased D increased8．A was no 1onger B went out of C ceased to be D reamained9．A few B many C countless D innumerable 10．A in addition B however C therefore D moreover11．A weak B disabled C sick D healthy12．A touching B touched C untouched D having touched 13．A stop B stopping C stopped D to stop14．A killed B has killed C had killed D has been killing 15．A clear B strage C uncertain D questionable答案与题解：1．B 四个选项中只有to可以与according连用，意为“根据，按照”，与上下文意思吻合。

2011年职称英语完形填空新增文章----理工类

2011年职称英语完形填空新增文章----理工类(2011-02-17 22:07:48)标签：职称英语职称考试杂谈Y oung Adults Who Exercise Get Higher IQ Scores 理AY oung adults who are fit have a higher IQ and are more _1__ to go on to university, reveals a major new study carried out at the Sahlgrenska Academy and Sahlgrenska University Hospital. The results were recently published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences (PNAS). The study involved 1.2 million Swedish men doing military service who were born between 1950 and 1976. The research group analyses the _2__ of both physical and IQ tests the youngsters took right after they started serving the army.The study shows a clear link _3__ good physical fitness and better results for the IQ test. The strongest links are for _4__ thinking and verbal comprehension. But it is only fitness that plays a _5__ in the results for the IQ tes t, and not strength. “Being fit means that you also have good heart and lung _6__ and that your brain gets plenty of _7__,” says Michael Nilsson, professor at the Sahlgrenska Academy and chief physician at the Sahlgrenska University Hospital. “This may be one of the reasons _8__ we can see a clear link with fitness, but not with muscular _9__. We are also seeing that there are growth factors that are important.”By analyzing data for twins, the researchers have been _10__ to determine that it is primarily environmental factors and not genes that explain the link between fitness and a _11__ IQ.“We have also shown that those youngsters who _12__ their physical fitness between the ages of 15 and 18 increase their cognitive performance,” says Maria Aberg, r esearcher at the Sahlgrenska Academy and physician at Aby health centre. “This being the case, physical _13__ is a subject that has an important place in schools, and is an absolute must if we want to do well in maths and other theoretical subjects.”The researchers have also compared the results from fitness tests _14__ national service with the socio-economic status of the men later in _15__. Those who were fit at 18 were more likely to go into higher education, and many secured more qualified jobs.1. A carefully B secretly C likely D happily2. A answers B works C scores D results3. A behind B between C among D without4. A logical B critical C typical D positive5. A place B game C role D trick6. A capacity B disease C shape D treatment7. A change B hydrogen C oxygen D memory8. A what B why C how D where9. A exercise B training C strength D movement10. A able B clever C lucky D clear11. A moderate B average C lower D higher12. A ignore B improve C like D determine13. A examination B labour C movement D education14. A before B after C without D during15. A marriage B life C residence D serviceSmoking Can Increase Depressive Symptoms in teens 理BWhile some teenagers may puff on cigarettes to “self-medicate” against the blues, scientists at the University of Toronto and the University of Montreal have found that smoking may actually __1_ depressive symptoms in some teens.“This observational st udy is one of the few to examine the perceived _2__ benefits of smoking among teens,” says lead researcher Michael Chaiton, a research associate at the Ontario Tobacco Research Unit of the University of Toronto. “_3__ cigarettes may appear to have self-medicating _4__ or to improve mood, in the long term we found that teens who started to smoke reported higher depressive symptoms.”As part of the study, some 662 high school teenagers completed up to 20 questionnaires _5__ their use of cigarettes to affect mood. Secondary schools were selected to provide a mix of French and English participants, urban and rural schools, and schools _6__ in high, moderate and low socioeconomic neighborhoods.Participants were divided into three _7__: never smokers; smokers who did not use cigarettes to self-medicate, improve mood or physical _8__; smokers who used cigarettes to self-medicate. Depressive symptoms were measured using a scale that asked how often participants felt too tired to do things; had _9__ going to sleep or staying _10__; felt unhappy, sad, or depressed; felt hopeless about the future; felt vexed, antsy or tense; and worried too much about things. “Smokers who used cigarettes as mood _11__ had higher risks of elevated depressive symptoms than teens who had n ever smoked,” says co-researcher Jennifer O’Loughlin, a professor at the University of Montreal Department of Social and Preventive Medicine. “Our study found that teen smokers who reported emotional benefits from smoking are at higher risk of _12__ depressive symptoms.”The _13__ between depression and smoking exists _14__ among teens that use cigarettes to feel better. “It’s _15__ to emphasize that depressive symptom scores were higher among teenagers who reported emotional benefits from smoking after the y began to smoke,” says Dr. Chaiton.1. A examine B in crease C decrease D diagnose2. A social B financial C e motional D political3. A Whatever B Although C Whenever D S\What4. A effects B methods C steps D directions5. A beside B beyond C in D about6. A exposed B expanded C l ocated D detected7. A groups B sets C species D versions8. A world B activity C state D beauty9. A time B courage C energy D trouble10. A asleep B awake C still D silent11. A reducers B improvers C creators D removers12. A changing B identifying C developing D overcoming13. A difference B associati on C cooperation D agreement14. A occasionally B scarcely C probably D principally15. A illogical B unscientific C meaningless D importa ntWhat Is the Coolest Gas in the Universe? 理CWhat is the coldest air temperature ever recorded on the Earth? Where was this low temperature recorded? The coldest recorded temperature on Earth was -91℃, which _1_ in Antarctica in 1983. We encounter an interesting situation when we discuss temperatures in _2__. Temperatures in Earth orbit actually range from about +120℃to -120℃. The temperature depends upon _3__ you are in direct sunlight or shade. Obviously, -120 is colder than our body can safely endure. Thank NASA science for well-designed space __4_ that protect astronauts from these temperature extremes.The space temperatures just discussed affect only our area of the solar _5__. Obviously, it is hotter closer to the Sun and colder as we travel away from the Sun. Astronomers estimate temperatures at Pluto are about -120℃. How cold is the lowest estimated temperature in the entire universe? Again, it depends upon your _6__. We are taught it is supposedly _7__ to have a temperature below absolute zero, which is -273℃, at which atoms do not move. Two scientists, whose names are Cornell and Wieman, have successfully cooled down a gas to a temperature barely _8__ absolute zero. They won a Nobel Prize in Physics in 2001 for their work—not a discovery, in this case.Why is the two scientists’ work so important to science?In the 1920s, Satyendra Nath Bose was studying an interesting _9__ about special light particles we now call photons. Bose had trouble _10__ other scientists to believe his theory. _11__ he contacted Albert Einstein. Einstein’s calculations helped him theorize that atoms _12__ behave as Bose thought — but only at very cold temperatures.Scientists have also discovered that _13__ atoms can help them make the world’s atomic clocks even more accurate. These clocks are so accurate today they would only lose one second _14__ six million years! Such accuracy will help us travel in space because distance is velocity times time（d=v ×t）. With the long distances involved in space _15__, we need to know time as accurately as possible to get accurate distance.1. A opened B occurred C opposed D operated2. A Earth B space C planet D star3. A whether B where C what D when4. A foods B beds C tools D suits5. A wind B energy C system D rays6. A education B status C knowledge D location7. A reasonable B wonderful C impossible D necessary8. A above B below C within D beyond9. A invention B theory C paper D experiment10. A convincing B begging C ordering D forcing11. A and B though C but D so12. A will B would C must D can13. A ultra-small B ultra-fast C ultra-hot D ultra-cold14. A any B each C every D some15. A travel B research C walk D station。

2011年职称英语阅读理解新增文章译文

2011年职称英语阅读理解新增文章译文---综合类(2011-01-11 13:59:15)转载标签：职称英语考试杂谈当代婚姻综C如今的婚姻出什么严重问题了吗？在过去50年中，美国的离婚率暴涨：现在几乎50%的婚姻以离婚告终，证据显示，情况还将持续恶化。

据美国国家联合会的发言人称，如果这种趋势持续下去，将导致家庭的破裂。

一些未来学家预测，100年后的美国人将平均至少结四次婚，而婚外恋甚至将比现在更为普遍。

那问题的原因是什么？现状真的如此糟糕吗？第一个问题的答案十分简单：婚姻早已不像它过去那样非有不可了。

从好些年前开始，经济需求已经只是婚姻的部分基础。

过去，由于女性除了家庭以外没有任何工作，她们常常在经济上依赖丈夫。

现在，随着高薪女性的增多，情况也已经改变。

因此，她们觉得没有必要被一段失败的婚姻捆住手脚。

回答第二个问题，前景似乎不像它看起来那么令人悲观。

尽管离婚率升高，但世纪结婚率并没有下降，所以说结婚还是挺流行的。

除此之外，现在许多恋人同居但并不急着领证。

这些人事实上已经结婚，但他们却是统计结婚与离婚率的盲区。

超过50%的第一次婚姻实际上是成功的。

之前数据的欺骗性在于二度与三度婚姻的离婚率要高于首次婚姻。

婚姻真的过时了吗？大多数人仍会结婚，这一事实证明不是这样的。

而且事实上婚后夫妻比单身过着更健康的生活：他们压力较小，因压力产生的诸如心脏问题也相应减少。

而且，婚后男性总体上较之配偶更为满意。

也许，关键在于找出成功婚姻背后的秘诀并把它运用到我们所有人与人的关系中去。

对年轻人的过高期望综B许多人对能同时兼顾几样工作的本领赞誉有加。

然而最近研究却发现，八岁到十八岁，被称为“多媒体时代”的年轻人在同时进行多种任务的过程中常常事倍功半、了无成果。

研究认为，正像依次完成各个任务一样，这些年轻人仍旧浪费了一半时间。

有些年轻人在学习时还同时使用着很多电子产品。

在学习的同时，他们还在上网、给朋友发邮件、打电话、听MP3或者另一台电脑上的歌。

2011年卫生类职称英语教材新增文章2

2011年卫生类职称英语教材新增文章阅读理解新增文章（共4篇）目录：第三篇(C级)：Cooking Oil Fumes Cause Tumor第十八篇(B级)：Exercise Can Replace Insulin for Elderly Diabetics第二十四篇(B级)：Preventing Chlid Maltreatment第三十四篇(A级)：Be Alert to Antimicrobial Resistance第三篇Cooking Oil Fumes Cause TumorThe leading cause of lung cancer among women in the city was cooking oil fumes while men are more likely to develop the disease from smoking，said medical experts after a five-year research study.Doctors announced the results yesterday with analysis on some new tendencies in lung cancer. They said patients are younger，especially women.According to the Shanghai Tumor research Institute，more local residents die of lung cancer in the city than anything else. Following breast cancer，it has the second-highest incidence rate.“An unhealthy lifestyle is a very important reason for lung cancer，”said Dr He Yumin from Shanghai Minshen Traditional Chinese Medicine Tumor Diagnosis and Treatment Center.He followed 2,276 lung cancer patients for five years. Among them，1,483 were male.Smoking causes 70 percent of cases among men while only 18 percent of female patients developed cancer from smoking or inhaling second-hand smoke，according to the report.However，more than 60 percent of women with the disease had long term，close contact with strong oil fumes from cooking and complained about l irritated eyes and throat.About 32 percent of women fried foods in boiling oil in unventilated kitchens and about 25 percent of women’s bedrooms were adj acent to2 the kitchen.However，local women were surprised to learn cooking oil fumes could lead to cancer. Some claimed they may change food preparation methods.“Unless my family and I don't eat at home every day，I must stay in the kitchen to cook，" said Xu Li. a 45-year-old local woman. "I know the fumes are bad for the skin，but it is the first time I heard that it can result in lung cancer .I have already started frying less.’’Doctors said women’s lung cancer had few links to personal health and p hysical condition，but was closely related to family cancer history，unhealthy dietary habits and weak immune systems.Other experts agreed with He.3"Smoking is by far the biggest cause4 of lung cancer for men，" said Dr Tan Binyong, honorary president of the Respiratory Disease Institute at Fudan University's Medical College. "It's true that second-hand smoke and cooking fumes are the main causes among women.”He's research also warned people not to stand near of stalls selling5 fried foods due to the poor quality of oils used.The chance of catching lung cancer is three times higher if exposed to the fume for a long time，6 experts said.词汇：fume n.烟，气，汽fry v.油炸，油煎tumor(=tumour)n.肿瘤unventilated vt.使不通风cancern.癌瘤adjacent adj.临近的breast/brest/n.乳房，胸dietary adj饮食的incidence n.发生(率) immune adj 免疫的diagnosis n.诊断honorary adj.名誉上的;荣誉的inhale v.吸人respiratory adj.呼吸的irritate vt.使疼痛，刺激stall n.货摊注释：plain原意是“抱怨，诉苦”，但医学上常用complain about或complain of表示“主诉"。