Lesson 14 The Use of Multimeter
高级英语lesson 14
lesson fourteenSaturday Night and Sunday Morning星期六的晚上和星期日上午by Alan Sillitoe Text14-1 He sat by the canal fishing on a Sunday morning in spring, at an elbow(赤楊樹) where alders dipped over the water like old men on their last legs, pushed by young sturdy oaks from behind.在春天一个星期日的上午，他坐在运河边钓鱼，在他附近，赤杨树被后面生长着年轻茁壮的橡树向前推挤垂人水中，像垂死的老人一样。
He straightened his back, his fingers freeing nylon line from a speedily revolving reel.他直起腰身，用手指快速地从绕线轮上放出尼龙线。
Around him lay knapsack and jacket, an empty catch-net, his bicycle, and two tins of worms dug from the plot of garden at home before setting out.他周围放着背包、夹克、一个空捕鱼网、他的自行车和出发前在家里花园里挖出的两听虫子。
Sun was breaking through clouds, releasing a smell of earth to heaven.太阳钻出了云层，向空气中散发出泥土的气息。
Birds sang. A soundless and minuscular explosion of water caught his eye.鸟儿在欢唱。
他看到水面忽然间冒出一个无声的小小的水花，He moved nearer the edge, stood up, and with a vigorous sweep of his arm, cast out the line.他走到水边，站起身，用力挥动手臂，将钓鱼线抛了出去。
高级英语第二册第十四课学习辅导资料
paigns celebrating the Big Apple, those T-shirts with a heart design proclaiming “I love New York,”are signs, pathetic in their desperation, of how the m ighty has fallen. New York City used to leave the bragging to others, for bragg ing w as “bush” Being unique, the biggest and the best, New York didn’t have to assert how special it was.’t the top anym ore, at least if the top is m easured by who begets the styles and sets the trends. Nowadays New York is out of phase with American taste as often as it is out of step with Am erican politics. Once it was the nation’s undisputed fashion authority, but it too long resisted the incom ing casual style and lost its m onopoly. No longer so looked up to or copied, New York even prides itself on being a holdout from prevailing Am erican trends, a place to escape Comm on Denom inator Land.ore and m ore evident. A dozen other cities have buildings m ore inspired architecturally than any built in New York City in the past twenty years. The giant Manhattan television studios where Toscanini’s NBCSym phony once played now sit empty m ost of the time, while sitcoms cloned and canned in Hollywood, and the Johnny Carson show live, preem pt the airways from California. Tin Pan Alley has m oved to Nashville and Hollywood. Vegas casinos routinely pay heavy sum s to singers and entertainers whom no nightspot in Manhattan can afford to hire. In sports, the bigger superdom es, the m ore exciting teams, them ost enthusiastic fans, are often found elsewhere.–being regarded as unfriendly, unsafe, overcrowded, and expensive –but it is m aking som ething of a com eback as a tourist attraction. Even so, m ost Americans would probably rate New Orleans, San Francisco, Washington, or Disneyland higher. A dozen other cities, including m yhom etown of Seattle, are widely considered better cities to live in.any Europeans call New York their favorite city? They take m ore readily than do m ost Americans to its cosm opolitan com plexities, its surviving, aloof, European standards, its alien mixtures. Perhaps som e of these Europeans are reassured by the sight, on the twin fashion avenues of Madison and Fifth, of all those familiar international nam es – the jewelers, shoe stores, and designer shops that exist to flatter and bilk the frivolous rich. But no; what m ost excites Europeans is the city’s charged, nervous atm osphere, its vulgar dynam ism .share of articulate losers, it is also about m ockery, the put-down , the loser’s shrug (“whaddya gonna do?”). It is about constant battles for subway seats, for a cabdriver’s or a clerk’s or a waiter’s attention, for a foothold , a chance, a better address, a larger billing. To win in New York is to be uneasy; to lose is to live in jostling proxim ity to the frustrated majority.e. And though I have lived there m ore than half m y life, you won’t find m e wearing an “I Love New York”T-shirt. But all in all, I can’t think of m any places in the world I’d rather live. It’s not easy to define why.’s pleasures are m uch qualified in New York. You never see a star-filledsky; the city’s bright glow arrogantly obscures the heavens. Sunsets can be spectacular: oranges and reds tinting the sky over the Jersey m eadows and gaudily reflected in a thousand windows on Manha ttan’s jagged skyline. Nature constantly yields to m an in New York: witness those fragile sidewalk trees gamely struggling against encroaching cem ent and petrol fum es. Central Park, which Frederick Law Olm sted designed as lungs for the city’s poor, i s in places grassless and filled with trash, no longer pristine yet lively with the noise and vivacity of people, largely youths, blacks, and Puerto Ricans, enjoying them selves. On park benches sit older people,m ostly white, looking displaced. It has becom e less a tranquil park than an untidy carnival.our of the city, which never beckoned to m e from a distance, but itsopportunity –to practice the kind of journalism I wanted –drew me to New York. I wasn’t even sure how I’d m easure up against others who had been m ore soundly educated at Ivy League schools, or whether I could com pete against that tough local breed, those intellectual sons of immigrants, so highly m otivated and single-minded, such as Alfred Kazin, who for div ersion (for heaven’t sake!) played Bach’s Unaccompanied Partitas on the violin.ost banal and m arketable of one’s talents, still draws m any of the young to New York. That and, as always, the com pany of others fleeing som ething constricting where they cam e from. Together these young share a freedom, a community of inexpensive am usements, a casualliving, and som e rough tim es. It can’t be the living conditions that appeal, for only fond mem ory will forgive the inconvenience, risk, and squalor. Comm ercial Broadway m ay be inaccessible to them, but there is off- Broadway, and then off-off-Broadway. If painters disdain Madison Avenue’s plush art galleries, Madison Avenue dealers set up shop in the grubby precincts of Soho. But the purity of a bohem ian dedication can be exaggerated. The artistic young inhabit the sam e Greenwich Village and its fringes in which the experim entalists in the arts lived during the Depression, united by a world against them. But the present generation is enough of a subculture to be a source of profitable boutiques and coffeehouses. And it is not all that estranged.ost respects from mainland America, but in two areas it remains dominant. It is the banking and the comm unications headquarters for America. In both these roles it ratifies m ore than it creates. Wall Street will advance the m illions to m ake a Hollywood m ovie only if convinced that a bestselling title o r a star name will ensure its success. The networks’ news centers are here, and the largest book publishers, and the biggest m agazines – and therefore the largest body of critics to appraise the films, the plays, the m usic, the books that others have created. New York is a judging town, and often invokes standards that the rest of the country deplores or ignores. A m arket for knowingness exists in New York that doesn’t exist for knowledge.arkets and devising the catchy jingles that will m ove m illions from McDonald’s to Burger king, so that the adagency’s “creative director”can lunch instead in Manhattan’s expense-account French restaurants. The bankers and the admen. The m arketing specialists and a thousand well-paid ancillary service people, really set the city’s brittle tone— catering to a wide American public whose num bers m ust be respected but whose tastes do not have to shared. The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city’s crowds below cuts these people off from humanity. So does an attitude which sees the public only in terms of large, malleable numbers— as impersonally as does the clattering subway turnstile beneath the office towers.surprised by the lack of cynicism, particularly am ong the younger ones, of those who work in such fields. The television generation grew up in the insistent presence of hype, delights in much of it, and has no scruples about practicing it. Men and wom an do their jobs professionally, and, like the pilots who from great heights bom bed Hanoi, seem unmarked by it. They lead their real lives elsewhere, in the Village bars they are indistinguishable in dress or behavior from would-be artists, actors, and writers. The boundaries of “art for art’s sake” aren’t so rigid anym ore; art itself is less sharply defined, and those whose paintings don’t sell do illustrations; those who can’ get acting jobs do comm ercials; those who are writing ambitious novels sustain themselves on the m agazines. Besides, serious art often feeds in the popular these days, changing it with fond irony.e the newcom ers find or from their won worlds; Manhatten is m any such words, huddled together but rarely interaction. I think this is what gives the city itssense of freedom. There are enough like you, whatever you are. And it isn’t asnecessary to know anything about an apartm ent neighbor- or to worry about his judgm ent of you- as it is about som eone with an adjoining yard. In New York, like seeks like, and by econom y of effort excludes the rest as stranger. This distancing, this uncaring in ordinary encounters, has another side: in no other Am erican city can the lonely be as lonely.uch m ore needs to be said. New Your is a wounded city, declining in its am enities . Overloaded by its tax burdens. But it is not dying city; the streets are safer than they were five years age; Broadway, which seem ed to be succumbing to the tawdriness of its environm ent, is astir again.enace, the noise, the brusqueness- all confirm outsiders in their conviction that they wouldn’t live here if you gave them the place. Yet show a New Yorker a splendid hom e in Dallas, or a swimming pool and cabana in Beverly Hills, and he will be admiring but not envious. So m uch of well-to-do America now lives antiseptically in enclaves, tranquil and luxurious, that shut out the world. Too static, the New Yorker would say. Tell him about the vigor of your outdoor pleasures; he prefers the unhealthy hassle andthe vitality of urban life. He is hopelessly provincial. To him New York- despite its faults,which her will impat iently concede (“so what else is new?”) — is the spoiler of all other American cities.erican cities to visit first-rate art m useum s, to hear good m usic and see lively experim ental theater, to m eet intelligent and sophisticated people who know how to live, dine, and talk well; and to enjoy all this in congenial and spacious surroundings. The New Yorkers still wouldn’t want to live there.issing is what m any outsiders find oppressive and distasteful about New York –its rawness, tension, urgency; its bracingcom petitiveness; the rigor of its judgm ents; and the congested, dem ocratic presence of so m any other New Yorkers, encased in their own worlds, the defeated are not hidden away som ewhere else on the wrong side of town. In the subways, in the buses, in the streets, it is impossible to avoid people whose lives are harder than yours. With the desperate, the ill, the fatigued, the overwhelm ed, one learns not to strike upcon versation (which isn’t wanted ) but to m ake brief, sy m pathetic eye contact, to include them in the hum an race. It isn’t m uch, but it is the fleeting hospitality of New Yorkers, each jealous of his privacy in the crowd. Ever helpfulness is often delivered as a taunt: a m an, rushing the traffic light, shouts the m an behind him. “ You want to be wearing a Buick with Jersey plates?” — great scorn in the word Jersey, hom e of drivers who don’t belong here.’s definition, New York is m ongrel city. It is in fact the first truly international m etropolis. No other great city- not London, Paris, Rom e or Tokyo- plays host (or hostage) to so m any nationalities. The m ix is m uch wider- Asians, Africans, Latins - that when that tumultuous variety of European crowded ashore at Ellis Island.The newcom ers are never fully absorbed, but are added precariously to the undigested many.20 New York is too big to be dom inated by any group, by Wasps or Jews or blacks, or by Catholics of m any origins —Irish, Italian, Hispanic. All have their little sovereignties, all are sizable enough to be reckoned with and tough in asserting their claim s, but none is powerful enough to subdue the others. Characteristically, the city swallows up the United Nations and refuses to take it seriously, regarding it as an unworkable m ixture of the idealistic, the impractical, and the hypocritical. But New Yorkers them selves are in training in how to live together in a diversity of races- the necessary initiation into the future.education in sights and sm ells. There is wonderful variety of places to eat or shop, and though the m ost successful of such places are likely to touristy hybridcom prom ises, they too have genuine roots. Other Am erican cities have ethnic turfs jealously defended, but not, I think, such an adm ixture of groups, thrown together in such jarring juxtapositions . In the sam e way, avenues of high-rise luxury in New York are never far from poverty and m ean streets. The sadness and fortitude of New York must be celebrated, along with its treasures of art and m usic. The com bination is unstable; it produces friction, or an uneasy forbearance that som etimes becom es a real toleration.es a m atter of alternating m oods, often inthe sam e day. The place constantly exasperates , at times exhilarates . To m e it is the city of unavoidable experience. Living there, one has the reassurance of steadily confronting life.(from the Atlantic, Sept. 1978)NOTES1. Griffith: Thom as Griffith (1915--), Am erican writer and editor. Since 1974 he has been press colum nist, Time magazine; staff contributor, For-tune magazine; colum nist, Atlantic Monthly. He is an uprooted westerner who now calls New York hom e. Publications: The Waist-High Culture; How True? --A Sceptic 's Guide to Believing the News.2. the Big Apple: any large city; specifically New York City3. bush: rustic, countrified, belonging to sm all towns4. Comm on Denom inator Land: uniformity, comm onness, sam eness, the m onotonous, the hum drum5. sitcom s: situation com edies; a radio or television series that involves a continuing cast of characters in a succession of unconnected episodes6. cloned: grown like a clone, all the descendants being derived asexually from a single individual. Cloned and canned: produced and packed, all ready for immediate consum ption (showing).7. Johnny Carson: a m an who runs a late night talk show8. Nashville: Capital of Tennessee State, center of rock-and-roll9. Vegas: sam e as Las Vegas. See text I, exercise I.10. superdom es: extra big sport stadiums11. convention city: city where conventions (assem blies of m embers or delegates of a political, social, professional, or religious group) are regularly held.12. Madison: Madison Avenue13. Fifth: Fifth Avenue, fam ous for fashionable shops14. Whaddya gonna do?: What are you going to do? Connoting a cool lack of concern; indifference; nonchalance.15. Jersey: Jersey City16. Ivy League schools: referring to prominent north-eastern universities in the U.S., such as, Cornell, Harvard, Yale, Princeton, Colum bia and others. It connotes a certain degree of wealth, sophistication, re finem ent, social prominence, and the like.17. Kazin: Alfred Kazin (1915)), Am erican critic. Publications: On Native Grounds ; The Inm ost Leaf; Contemporaries ; and Bright Book of Life.18. Commercial Broadway: The New York comm ercial theater or entertainment industry19.off-off-Broadway: an avant-garde theatrical m ovem ent in New York that stresses untraditional techniques and radical experim entation. Its relation to off-Broadway being analogous to the relation of off-Broadway to Broadway.20. Soho: a district in New York. By the early 1970s the artist colony had shift- ed from Greenwich Village to Soho.21. best-selling title: title of best-selling books22. star nam e: nam e of star actor or actress23. networks: radio and television networks24. McDonald's : McDonald' s chain restaurant selling hamburger25. Burger King: a chain restaurant whose specialty is hamburger26. lunch in expense-account French restaurants: to lunch in expensive French restaurants with the bill being paid by the com pany or em ployer27. hype: extravagant prom otional advertising28. popular: pop art; a realistic art style, using techniques and popular subjects adapted from commercial art and the mass communications m edia29. Beverly Hills: city in California, surrounded by Los Angeles, fam ous for luxurious hom es of rich Hollywood actors and actresses30. So what else is new?: there is nothing new in what you say; connoting the listener is not im pressed nor interested31. You want to be wearing a Buick with Jersey plates?: Do you want to be knocked down by a car carrying a Jersey license plate? Connoting that the m an should have som e pride in being a New Yorker and not let him self be run over by a car from Jersey.32. touristy hybrid com prom ises: a m ixture of different racial characteristics which attracts tourists33. ethnic turfs: districts or areas inhabited by foreign-born Am ericansAims1)Im proving students’ability to read between lines and understand the text properly;2)Cultivating students’ability to m ake a creative reading;3)Enhancing students’ability to appreciate the text from different perspectives;4)Helping students to understand som e difficult words and expressions;5)Helping students to understanding rhetorical devices;6)Encouraging students to voice their own viewpoint fluently and accurately.Teaching Contents1)Background Knowledge2)Exposition3)Detailed Study of the Essay4)Organization Pattern5)Style and Language Features6)Special Difficulties课文讲解部分1. Background Knowledge1) About the author Thom as Griffith2) About New York City2. Exposition/~arnetha/expowrite/info.html3. Detailed study on Loving and hating New YorkPara.1-5 General introduction — setting forth the present status of New York in the United States and in the eye’s of foreignersTask: Collect evidence to show that “ How the m ighty has fallen.”New York = Big Apple = Mighty—Advertising campaigns publicly praise New York;—Many New Yorkers wear T-shirts with a heart design and the works “ I love New York”—New York is trying desperately to regain her lost prestige and status.Para.2-3: New York: Yesterday & TodayNew York CityYesterday TodayTop, highest, biggest isn’t any m oreLeading city sets styles and trends of nation out of phase with ______ as out of step withUndisputed fashion authority lost its undisputed leadershipLooked up to and im itated no longer so“Nowadays New York is out of phase with Am erican taste “—Nowadays New York connot understand nor follow the taste of the Am erican people and is often in disagreem ent with American politics.“No longer so looked up to or copied, New York even prides itself on being a holdout from prevailing American trends” —Since New York is no longer looked up to or copied as the undisputed fashion authority, it now boasts that it is a city that resists the prevailing trends (styles, fashion) of America, that it is a place where people can escape from uniformity and comm onness.Question:1) From where we can see New York’s deficiencies as a pacesetter are m ore and m ore evident?—Building—Manhattan television studios—Tin Pan Alley—Hiring singers and entertainers—Sports2) The technique used to support author’s view is___________.Para.4: New York: in the eyes of AmericansCom eback: 1 a : a sharp or witty reply : retort b : a cause for com plaint 2 : a return to a form er position or condition (as of success or prosperity) :recovery, revival Para5 New York: in the eyes of foreigner.Question: Why do m any Europeans call New York their favorite city?—Cosm opolitan complexities—European standards—Mixture of m any foreigners—Many jewelers, shoe stores and designers shops—Familiar international nam es—Tense, restless atm osphere; its energetic pulse“… and designer shops that exist to flatter and bilk the frivolous rich.”These shops are set up to cheat and gratify the vanity of the silly rich peoplePara 6 New York: energy, contention and strivingConvention: angry disagreem entStriving: trying very hard to achieve or to defeat the othersPut-down: ( inform al) a remark or criticism intended to m ake the others feel stupid (令人难堪的话，噎人的话)“To win in New York is to be uneasy; to lose is to live in jostling proxim ity to the frustrated majority.”— A person who wins in New York is constantly disturbed by fear and anxiety ( because he is afraid of losing what he has won in the fierce competition); a person who loses has to live am ong the defeated, who are in the m ajority in New York.Para.7: New York in author’s eyes.“New York was never Mecca to m e”Rhetorical devices em ployed in this sentence are: __________ and ___________.The author com pares New York to Mecca; and Mecca is standing for _______________.A place of holy pilgrimage, of a place one yearns to go.Para 8: New York: NatureQuestions:1) The topic sentence is ___________________.2) The rhetorical device employed in “ Nature constantly yields to m an in New York” is __________.3) Are there any other places uses the sam e rhetorical device as m entioned above? What’s the function of it?Para.9 New York: Opportunities & uncertainnessQuestions:1) What do “Ivy League Schools” refer to?2) Why did writer go and live in New York?Para.10: New York : in young people’s eyesQuestion: Why do young people still go to New York?—testing themselves—unwilling to surrender to their m ost comm on and easily sold talents—the fierce competition and challenge—standards of excellence dem anded“But the purity of a bohem ian dedication can be exaggerated.”—But a pure and wholehearted devotion to a Bohem ian life style can be esaggerated. “But the present generation is enough of a subculture to be a source of profitable boutiques and coffeehouses.”As these young writers and artists have distinct cultural patterns of their own, m any businessm en open up profitable boutiques and coffeehouses to cater to their special tastes and interests.“And it is not all that estranged” “It” probably m eans _______________.Para.11: New York: A judging town“A m arket for knowingness exists in New York that doesn’t exist for knowledge.”—In New York, a shrewd understanding or ability to appraise things is appreciated and paid for and skill and learning by themselves are not considered valuable.Para12: New York: An advertising CenterQuestion:1) The rhetorical device used in “The condescending view from the fiftieth floor of the city’s …” is _________. And “ The condescending view is the view of __________.2) In sentence “So does an attitude which sees….” The author com pares ______ to ______.Para 13: New York : Lack of cynicismTask: Collect evidence to show New York is lack of cynicism In sentence “ Men and wom en do their jobs professionally and, like pilots who from great heights bombed Hanoi …” the author compares_______ to ______.Para 14: New York: FreedomWhat gives the city its sense of freedom?Para 15: New York: Wounded not dyingAmenity: the attractiveness and value of real estate or of a residential structureTo succum b to: to fail to resist an attack, illness, temptationPara 16-18: New York: N ew Yorkers’ LoveNew Yorker who sees all the faults of the city still prefer to live in New YorkNew York’s faults:—Trash-strewn streets—Unruly school—Uneasy feeling or m enace—The noise—The brusqueness“He is hopeless provincial”—He will always be a New Yorker. His attitude towards and his love for New York will never change“New York … is the spoiler of all other American cities”—New York has spoiled all the other American cities for him.Para 19-10 New York: International MetropolisWhy is New York called an international m etropolis?Para.22: Loving and Hating New York1. exasperate: to excite the anger of; to cause irritation or annoyance to2. exhilarate: to m ake cheerful; to excite“The place constantly exasperates, at times exhilarat es.”—New York constantly irritates and annoys very m uch but at tim es it also invigorates and stimulates.Oral practice: Talking about the following questions:1. What is the main them e of this article? Where is it specifically stated?2. What technique does the writer use to develop his m ain them e? Is the technique effective? Cite exam ples.3. Comm ent on the diction of the writer. Pick out term s and phrases that you think are peculiarly American.4. Does the writer really both love and hate New York? Cite exam ples to back up your analysis.5. How m any paragraphs would you regard as being the introductory paragraphs. Why?6. What is the topic sentence of paragraph 8? How is the paragraph developed?7. Explain fully the following sentence from paragraph 11: “A m arket for knowingness exists in New York that doesn’t exist for knowledge.”8. Pick out som e figures of speech which you think the writer has usid m ost effectively. Cite your reasons.Paraphrase:1. Nowadays New York is out of phase with American taste (Para 2)2. New York even prides itself on being a holdout from prevailing American trends. (Para 2)3. Sitcom s cloned and canned in Hollywood, and the Johnny Carson show live, pre-empt the airwaves from California (Para 3)4. It is m aking som ething of a com eback as a tourist attraction (Para 4)5. To win in New York is to be uneasy (Para 6)6. Nature’s pleasures are m uch qualified in New York. (Para 8)7. The city ‘s bright glow arrogantly obscures the heavens (Para 8)8. But the purity of a bohem ian de dication can be exaggerated. (Para 10)9. In both these roles it ratifies m ore than it creates. (Para 11)10. The television generation grew up in the insistent presence of hype (Para 13)11. Those who are writing am bitious novels sustain them selves on the m agazines. (Para 13)12. Broadway, which seem ed to be succum bing to the tawdriness of its environm ent, is astir again (Para 15)13. He prefers the unhealthy hassle and the vitality of urban life (Para 16)14. The defeated are not hidden away som e where else on the wrong side of town. (Para 18)15. The place constantly exasperates, at tim es exhilarates. (Para 22)4. Organization Pattern1) The thesis: Loving and hating New York or m ore specifically: Loving and hating New York becom es a m atter of alternating m oods, often in the sam e day.2) The thesis developed by both objective and em otional description of New York and the life and struggle of New Yorkers3) The structural organization of this essay: clear and sim ple5. Style and Language Features1) Full of Am erican English terms, phrases and constructions.T-shirtholdoutcom ebackput-downexpense-accountadmanhigh-risemeasure up2) Use of various rhetorical devices:metaphorpersonificationmetonym ytransferred epithetalliterationsim ilesynecdocheironyeuphem ism/carroll/faq3.htmlto6. Special Difficulties1) Identifying and understanding Am ericanisms in this essay2) Som e terms/phrases/structuresout-of-phasetelevision generationeconom y of effortwrong sidesitcom s cloned and cannedMeccameasure up againstIvy League schoolscommercial Broadway/off-Broadway/off-off-Broadway Madison Avenue/Wall Streetlike seeks likeWasps词汇(Vocabulary)bush (adj.) : rustic，countrified，belonging to small towns粗俗的；乡土气的；乡下的beget (v.) : bring into being；produce使产生，引起，招致holdout (n.) : [Americanism]a place that holds out [美语]坚固据点deficiency (n.) : the quality or state of being deficient; absence of something essential；a shortage 缺乏，缺少，欠缺；缺陷，不足之处pacesetter (n.) : a person that leads the way or serves as a model标兵sitcom (n.) : [口]situation comedy的缩略clone (v.) : derive all the descendants asexually from a single individual无性繁殖preempt (v.) : radio and TV]replace(a regularly scheduled program)[广播、电视]先占，先取得casino (n.) : a public room or building for entertainments．dancing，or，now specifically，gambling 俱乐部，娱乐场；(现尤指)赌场nightspot (n.) : nightclub夜总会bilk (v.) : cheat or swindle；defraud欺骗，蒙骗dynamism (n.) : the quality of being energetic，vigorous，etc．推动力；活力，精力，劲头put—down (n.) : [American slang]a belittling remark or crushing retort[美俚]贬低的话；反驳；无礼的回答foothold (n.) : a secure position from which it is difficult to be dislodged立足点，据点jostle (v.) : bump or push，as in a crowd；elbow or shove roughly(在人群中)拥挤；用肘推；撞proximity (n.) : the state or quality of being near；nearness in space，time，etc．最近；接近；(地方，时间等)最接近obscure (v.) : darken；make dim使黑暗；使朦胧tint (v.) : give a color or a shading of a color to着上(淡)色gaudy (adj.) : bright and showy, but lacking in good taste；cheaply brilliant and ornate华丽而俗气的，炫丽的。
新概念英语第四册Lesson14~16原文及翻译
新概念英语第四册Lesson14~16原文及翻译新概念英语第四册Lesson14原文及翻译The Butterfly Effect蝴蝶效应Why do small errors make it impossible to predict the weather system with a high degree of accuracy?Beyond two or three days, the world’s best weather forecasts are speculative, and beyond six or seven they are worthless.The Butterfly Effect is the reason. For small pieces of weather -- and to a global forecaster, small can mean thunderstorms and blizzards -- any prediction deteriorates rapidly. Errors and uncertainties multiply, cascading upward through a chain of turbulent features, from dust devils and squalls up to continent-size eddies that only satellites can see.The modern weather models work with a grid of points of the order of sixty miles apart, and even so, some starting data has to guessed, since ground stations and satellites cannot see everywhere. But suppose the earth could be covered with sensors spacedone foot apart, rising at one-foot intervals all the way to the top of the atmosphere. Suppose every sensor gives perfectly accurate readings of temperature, pressure, humidity, and any other quantity a meteorologist would want. Precisely at noon an infinitely powerful computer takes all the data and calculates what will happen at each point at 12.01, then 1202, then 12.03...The computer will still be unable to predict whether Princeton, New Jersey, will have sun or rain on a day one month away. At noon the spaces between the sensors will hide fluctuations that the computer will not know about, tiny deviations from the average. By 12.01, those fluctuations will already have created small errors one foot away. Soon the errors will have multiplied to the ten-foot scale, and so on up to the size of the globe.JAMES GLEICK, ChaosNew words and expressions 生词和短语forecastn. 预报speculativeadj. 推测的blizzardn. 暴风雪deteriorate v. 变坏multiplyv. 增加cascadev. 瀑布似地落下turbulent adj. 狂暴的dust devil小尘暴，尘旋风squalln. 暴风eddyn. 旋涡gridn. 坐标方格sensorn. 传感器humidityn. 温度meteorologist n. 气象学家Princetonn. 普林斯顿(美国城市名)New Jerseyn. 新泽西(美国州名)fluctuationn. 起伏，波动deviationn. 偏差参考译文世界上的两三天以上的天气预报具有很强的猜测性，如果超过六七天，天气预报就没有了任何价值。
高中英语知识基础新概念英语第三册Lesson14文章词汇语法详细解析
Lesson14 A noble gangsterThere was a time when the owners of shops and businesses in Chicago had to pay large sums of money to gangsters in return for 'protection.' If the money was not paid promptly, the gangsters would quickly put a man out of business by destroying his shop. Obtaining 'protection money' is not a modern crime. As long ago as the fourteenth century, an Englishman, Sir John Hawkwood, made the remarkable discovery that people would rather pay large sums of money than have their life work destroyed by gangsters.Six hundred years ago, Sir Johan Hawkwood arrived in Italy with a band of soldiers and settled near Florence. He soon made a name for himself and came to be known to the Italians as Giovanni Acuto. Whenever the Italian city-states were at war with each other, Hawkwood used to hire his soldiers to princes who were willing to pay the high price he demanded. In times of peace, when business was bad, Hawkwood and his men would march into a city-state and, after burning down a few farms, would offer to go away protection money was paid to them. Hawkwood made large sums of money in this way. In spite of this, the Italians regarded him as a sort of hero. When he died at the age of eighty, the Florentines gave him a state funeral and had a pictured with as dedicated to the memory of 'the most valiant soldier and most notable leader, Signor Giovanni Haukodue.'句读解析1-1曾经有一个时期，芝加哥的店主和商行的老板们不得不拿出大笔的钱给歹徒以换取"保护"。
八年级英语the-use-of--adjectives课件
癌症转移至肺部时，一度出现大出血。父亲从不当着我的面吐血，每次都是我不在的时候，一吐就是一千毫升以上的鲜红。于是那阵子我请了假不上班，根本不敢离开老家一步，和母亲两人24小时 轮班守着父亲，他还是会趁我不在跟前的一会儿工夫突发大吐血。或许只是我的一厢情愿，但我真的愿意相信那是父爱如山，父亲知道他的女儿晕血。你舍不得我害怕是么？爸，那是你啊，我又如何会 害怕会犯晕！
清明时节，暮雨更带了几分黯然神伤。我多久没在清明节给父亲上坟了？虽然我心里想着的是父亲早就步入下一个轮回，肯定又是哪家的学霸一枚。可今年确实该回去一趟。母亲要过逢九的八十大 寿，老人家总喜欢热闹点。但我还是去不了，每座城都不能畅通无阻。遗憾的事太多，亏欠的人也不少。我只能抬起头看着天空，让眼泪倒流回心底。人生有时候真的没有悲伤或辩解的权利，如影随形 的只剩下咬紧牙关忍受现实的沉默。电玩城捕鱼王游戏
若按农历计算，三月初八是父亲的忌日。父亲离开我们已经十年了！我不曾忘记父亲的忌日，但我是完整地按照阳历日子计算周年的。我如何会忘记那天？2010年4月21日，玉树地震后的全国哀悼 日，举国上下一篇哀声。那天的五更是凝固的冰冷，父亲在ICU停止了呼吸，去得很平静。那时候他已经人事不省，唯有简单的生命体征还在，他躺了五个月了，偶尔睁开的眼睛里没有生动可言，只有 他的魂似乎在游弋。他不认识任何人，只有身体还是暖和的，手掌是我熟悉的触感。
ቤተ መጻሕፍቲ ባይዱ
高中英语 第二部分 VOA慢速英语《美国万花筒》第14课（文本）素材
高中英语第二部分 VOA慢速英语《美国万花筒》第14课（文本）素材英语翻议讲解：1.outreach v. 超越;超过;伸出could not allay the outreach of human intellect.不能控制人类才智的发展2.neurosurgeon n. 神经外科医生3.extraordinary a. 非常的,特别的,非凡的例句：They all showed extraordinary equestrian skill. 他们的骑术都很高超。
4.seizure n. 捕获,夺取,占领,捕获物,没收,充公；(病的)发作收押财物例句：The seizure in execution of such a writ. 扣押依此种命令没收的财产5.discrimination n. 差别,岐视,辨别力例句：There is no racial discrimination to be felt in this city. 在这个城市里感觉不到种族歧视。
6.restrictive a. 限制的,拘束的,限定的例句：He finds the job too restrictive. 他觉得这份工作束缚太多。
1.The Green Summer program provided young people with hands-on experience and education on issues of environmental importance.provide sb with 提供例句：They can provide food for us. 他们能为我们提供食物。
2.Others carried out energy studies of city school buildings to make sure the equipment and systems work effectively.make sure查明,弄清楚;保证,务必例句：Make sure that your seat belt is securely fastened. 请确认你的安全带系牢了。
NCE2 Lesson 14
Lesson 14 单词讲解1. amusing adj. 好笑的, 有趣的 --- funnyan amusing jokean amusing story2. experience n.[C] 经历a pleasant experiencean unusual experienceThey had many interesting experiences while traveling in Paris.[U] 经验She doesn’t have much work experience.He is a man of great experience.3. wave v. 招手He waved goodbye to his friends.Bob waved at the taxi driver to stop.4. lift n. 搭顺风车Alan gave me a lift to the subway station.5. reply 回答vi.Kelly asked him a question, but he didn’t reply.I will reply to this letter later.vt.He didn’t reply a word.He replied that he didn’t want to say anything. n.He made no reply.In reply to the question, he nodded.6. language n. 语言native languagebody language7. journey n. 旅行take a journey around the world A pleasant journey to you!Dave’s away on a journey.go on a journey to New YorkLesson 14 课文&语法讲解1. After I had left a small village ...had done 过去完成时After I had met an old friend at the café, I went to abookstore.When I got to the office, the meeting had already begun.2. … a small village in the south of France, I drove on … Beijing is in the north of China. (in表示在内部)The Pacific is on the east of China. (on表示接壤)Japan is to the east of China. (to表示不接壤)on adv. 向前, 继续She talked on and on about her family.We will go on with the text tomorrow.3. On the way …在途中, 在路上on the way to the airport on the way to the office on the way home4. … he asked me for a lift.ask sb. for a liftgive sb. a liftHe got a lift after he went on his journey.5. As soon as he had got into the car ...as soon as 一…就…As soon as I get there, I will meet you.As soon as Paul got to the office, he told Fred the result.get into the car / get out of the carget on the bus / get off the bus6. … I said good morning to him in French … say good afternoon to sbin prep. 表示用某种语言作为交际手段write in Chinesereply the question in English表示讲某种语言时可以不加介词speak SpanishHe can speak French.7. Apart from a few words …apart from 除了Apart from the poems, he has written a novel. They all watched the movie, apart from Ian.8. Neither of us spoke …Neither answer is correct.Neither of the answers is correct.Neither you nor Jack is the right person for the job.9. … I had nearly reached the town …reach --- get to; arrive at / in10. As I soon learnt …As everyone knows, Jim is a nice person.learn learned / learnt learned / learntI learnt that he had left the company.Lesson 14 知识拓展（成人版）交际英语Nice to meet you.May I know your name?A lovely day, isn’t it?Is it your first visit to China?Are you visiting for business or pleasure? I’m sorry, I didn’t quite catch what you said. See you later.Take care.。
高级英语上讲义Lesson14
高级英语上讲义Lesson14Lesson 14 I Would Like to Tell YouSomethingLesson Thirteen Work一、Words and Expressions1.accreditationn.认可，委任，任命v.accredit常用于被动语态send or appoint sb.as the official representative to some organizationaccredit sb.to/at 委派或任命某人为官方代表他被委任为驻马德里的大使。
He was accredited to/at Madrid.adj.accredited: officially recognized 官方认可的官方认可的代表accredited representative2.ambushn./v.埋伏，伏击，伏兵，伏击处wait for a surprise attack打埋伏lie/wait in ambush他们为敌人设下了埋伏。
They laid an ambush for the enemy.3.amputatev.cut off 截肢，切除她的胳膊伤势严重，他们不得不切除它。
Her arm was so badly injured that they have to amputate it.n.amputationamputee4.arrogant—arrogance: showing too much pridein an arrogant manner/tone of voice你自以为每次都能赢，未免太自大了。
It is arrogant of you to assume that you will win every time.adv.arrogantly5.blackoutn.灯火管制期在灯火管制期内，必须拉上窗帘。
Curtains must be drawn during a blackout.政府在危机期间实行了新闻封锁。
新概念英语第四册讲义14
新概念英语第四册讲义14 Chapter 14: Using your brainIn this chapter, we will explore the topic of using your brain effectively. We will cover various techniques that can help enhance your thinking and problem-solving abilities.1. Building mental associationsOne effective technique for improving memory and recall is building mental associations. This involves connecting new information with something you already know, making it easier to remember. For example, you can associate a new English word with a similar word or concept in your native language.2. Developing critical thinking skillsCritical thinking is an essential aspect of using your brain effectively. It involves analyzing information, evaluating arguments, andmaking informed decisions. By developing critical thinking skills, you can improve your problem-solving abilities and make more rational choices.3. Practicing mindfulnessMindfulness is the practice of being fully present and aware of the current moment. This can help enhance focus, concentration, and overall cognitive abilities. By practicing mindfulness regularly, you can improve your mental clarity and effectiveness in various tasks.4. Engaging in brain-stimulating activitiesEngaging in activities that stimulate your brain is crucial for its overall health and performance. Reading books, solving puzzles, learning new skills, and engaging in intellectual discussions are all examples of activities that can boost your brainpower.5. Getting enough rest and sleepRest and sleep are essential for proper brain function. Lack of sleep can negatively impact cognitive abilities, memory, and concentration.It's important to prioritize getting enough restful sleep to ensure optimal brain performance.ConclusionUsing your brain effectively involves various techniques and practices that can improve memory, critical thinking, focus, and overall cognitive abilities. By incorporating these strategies into your daily life, you can enhance your learning and problem-solving skills in the journey of learning English.We hope this chapter has provided you with valuable insights into utilizing your brain to its fullest potential.。
冀教版七年级上册英语第14课课文
冀教版七年级上册英语第14课课文The text from Lesson 14 in the Grade 7 Book of JiJiao Press does not appear to be available for reference. However, I can provide you with a sample text of at least 500 words that you can use as a reference for writing your own text:Title: My Summer VacationLast summer was one of the most memorable vacations I have ever had. It was an incredible experience that I will cherish forever. My family and I decided to embark on a trip to the breathtaking city of Paris, France. We spent two weeks exploring the city and immersing ourselves in the rich culture and history.The first thing that struck me about Paris was the captivating architecture. The magnificent Eiffel Tower, standing tall and proud, was a sight to behold. We went up to the top and marveled at the panoramic view of the city. The Louvre Museum, with its iconic glass pyramid, was another architectural masterpiece that we visited. We spent hours admiring the art collections, including the legendary painting, the Mona Lisa.Apart from the famous landmarks, we also enjoyed the delicious French cuisine. We indulged in mouthwatering pastries like croissants and pain au chocolat for breakfast. The aromatic smellof freshly baked bread wafted through the streets, inviting us to try the delectable baguettes and quiches. One evening, we went to a traditional French restaurant and tasted escargots for the first time. Though it may sound unusual, the snails cooked in garlic butter were surprisingly tasty.During our trip, we made sure to experience the local culture as well. We visited a street market and marveled at the colorful stalls selling fresh produce, cheese, and flowers. The local vendors were friendly and eagerly shared stories about their products. We even tried our hand at bargaining and managed to get some great deals. In the evenings, we enjoyed the lively atmosphere of the Montmartre district, where street artists painted and performed. We watched a mesmerizing street magician and even had our caricatures drawn.One of the highlights of our vacation was a day trip to the Palace of Versailles. The opulent palace and its sprawling gardens left us in awe. We strolled through the hall of mirrors, imagining the grand balls and parties that took place centuries ago. The perfectly manicured gardens were a tranquil oasis, providing a peaceful escape from the bustling city.Our trip to Paris was not just about sightseeing, but also about creating lasting memories as a family. We laughed, explored, and learned together. We tried new things, embraced different cultures, and grew closer as a family.As I look back on that summer vacation, I am filled with gratitude for the incredible experiences and the opportunity to explore a city filled with so much history and beauty. It was a trip of a lifetime, and I will forever treasure the memories made in Paris.。
自考高级英语上册Lesson 14
I would like to tell you something
testify to
• give or provide evidence about something 证明。 • I'll testify to his exceptional ability. How can you testify to the reliability of the wit ness? • vt. His words testify his reluctance to help me. His tears testified his grief. vi. State or declare under oath, usually in court 作证。 • n. testimony :declaration testifying that sth is true证言 • The witness’s testimony was proved to be false.证人的证 词被证实是不真实的。 • bear(be) testimony of 表明。 Winning the scholarship is testimony of intelligence.
Pull out
• Remove sth by pulling; leave (a station) • He suddenly pulled out a gun. 他突然掏出 一支枪。 • Hardly had i reached the station when the train pulled out of the platform.我刚到车站， 火车就驶出了站台。
stage
• V.arrange for sth to take place; carry out实 行，举行 • The industrial workers decided to stage a strike.产业工人们决定举行罢工。 • The former world champion is to stage a come-back after retiring for 3 years. 这位 前世界冠军在退役三年后又要复出了。
八年级英语the-use-of--adjectives课件
新概念英语第四册自学导读：第十四课蝴蝶效应（下）
14-7. Suppose every sensor gives perfectly accurate readings of temperature, pressure, humidity, and any other quantity a meteorologist would want.【译⽂】再假定每个传感器都丝毫不差地读出了温度、⽓压、湿度和⽓象学家可能需要的任何其他数据。
【单词和短语】由meteorologist（⽓象学家）联想到meteorology（⽓象学）、meteorological observatory（⽓象台）和meteorological station（⽓象站）。
14-8. Precisely at noon an infinitely powerful computer takes all the data and calculates what will happen at each point at 12.01, then 1202, then 12.03...【译⽂】在正午时分，⼀台功能不可限量的计算机搜集了所有的资料，计算出每个点12点01分、12点02分、12点03分及以后每分钟可能出现的情况。
【单词和短语】infinite: ⽆限的，⽆穷的，⽆边的（very great in amount or degree），例如：the infinite ingenuity of man ⼈类⽆穷⽆尽的创造⼒Space is infinite. 宇宙的⽆边⽆际的。
infinite的名词形式为infinity（想到⽆穷⼤的符号∞）或infinitude。
14-9. The computer will still be unable to predict whether Princeton, New Jersey, will have sun or rain on a day one month away.【译⽂】计算机将仍然⽆法预测新泽西州的普林斯顿1个⽉后那天究竟是晴天还是⾬⽇。
八年级英语the-use-of--adjectives课件
第二天，我们见面了，在一个很安静的小旅馆里，真的四目相对，却没有激动的泪水，也没有深情的拥抱，只有无言的微笑还有出乎意料的平静，再一次躺在萧何的怀里，我们都没有了七年前的热情澎 湃，谈起各自的孩子，都表示无比的骄傲，想着各自的家庭，其实都那么平淡的和谐着，我们只是一整夜的沉默时间是无法倒流的，其实一切都结束了，或许这次见面已是多余，我们已无法像当年那样 轻松地闲聊，甚不同轨道的列车，从此驶向各自的人生，还好，他承载了那份属于我们两个最初的紧张与羞涩，承载了彼此心里最难忘的 回忆斗地主下载/qptd/
lesson 14
Who's Muriel Spark?
Dame Muriel Sarah Spark,born in Feb. 1st, 1918, Edinburgh, Scotland, died in April 13th, 2006, Florence, Italy, is a British writer best known for the satire and wit with which the serious themes of her novels are presented.
Lesson 14
You Should Have Seen the Mess
Warming Up
Reading
Language Work
Read the introduction below, fill in the missing words and learn about the information of Muriel Spark.
Spark published more than 20 novels, poems and short stories, a screenplay,two books of literary biography and a memoir. Her works have been translated into many languages. Spark's novels involve major historical events since the 1930s. She pays attention to people's mental state in the turbulent social background and is skilled in further characterization and irony. Her style is concise and succinct, humorous and detached.
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• mysterious
• over-range
adj. 神秘的，难以理解的
超量程，超出额定范围
Lesson 14 The Use of Multimeter
For this new battery we get 9.6 V. Remember that battery voltage is nominal, which means that the “9 V” is just the average of the battery. In reality, it starts out as high as 9.5 V and then drops down to 9 V and then slowly drifts to 7 V. Multimeter is very useful, it can do resistance-testing, besides continuity-testing and voltage-testing.
v. 供电 be powered 被供电，上电
Lesson 14 The Use of Multimeter
is always measured between two points, in addition, it is directional. • Get into the right mode There are often two separate modes for AC and DC voltage. Both will have a V but one will have two lines, one dashed and one solid (DC) and one will have a wave next to it (AC), as shown in Fig.14-6. • directional 有方向的
Lesson 14 The Use of Multimeter
How to detect whether the key “w” and the key “e” are physically connected with a multimeter (see Fig.14-1)? After a deep consideration, we will find the problem is equal to the problem of determining continuity of two points in PCB with multimeter. In order to achieve the task, we may try these steps as following. • multimeter 万用表
Lesson 14 The Use of Multimeter
t est sh ow s t hat th ese two points ar e connected, as shown in Fig.14-5. How to measure the voltage of daily batteries with a multimeter? Voltage testing is very common, you’ll use it a lot. Before your test in a circuit, you must make sure the circuit is powered, and voltage • power
• Not quite 并非完全
• nominal voltage 额定电压 • start out 开始 • drifts down 下降， drift v.缓慢移动
Lesson 14 The Use of Multimeter
Example 2: We measure a 9 V alkaline battery. If we still have the range set to 2 V DC, we will get a mysterious “ 1. ” display, indicating it is over-range, as shown in Fig.148. Fix the range so that it’s 20 V, and try again.
• icon 图标 • sort of adv.有几分地，多少，稍稍，有点 • sound wave 声波 • dual usage 双重作用，复用
Lesson 14 The Use of Multimeter
• Touch and go For a majority of multimeters, you’re ready to go, just touch the tips of the probes together so that they make a beeping sound! Here are some examples covering a couple of different multimeters. • a majority of 大多数的
• continuity 连续性，连通性 • achieve the task 完成任务
Lesson 14 The Use of Multimeter
• Get into the mode First step is to get your multimeter into the correct mode. Look for the icon that looks sort of like a “sound wave.” Here are two examples. Note that sometimes the mode is “dual” (or possibly more) usage, as shown in Fig.14-2. • get……into…… 让……进入……
• digit n. 数字 • emits v. 发射，发出 • beep n. 嘟嘟声
Lesson 14 The Use of Multimeter
Example 2: This meter is dual-mode but still very easy to use. Turn the dial to the symbol. When the probes are not touching the display shows “OL” which stands for Open Loop. When you touch the probes, the soundwave icon shows up in the display (upper right) and
• lightning bolt symbol 闪电符号 • gentle reminder 善意的提醒，友情提示
Lesson 14 The Use of Multimeter
• Voltage testing Example 1: the first battery we’ll test is a new 1.5 V alkaline one. This one is a AAA but a AA, C or D cell will be the same voltage. Set the range to 2 V DC. As shown in Fig.14-7, we read 1.588 V, which you may think is a mistake, after all it’s a 1.5 V battery so shouldn’t it be 1.5 V? Not • alkaline
• dual-mode 双模
• dial 表盘 • stand for 表示，代表 • Open Loop 开环 • show up 显现出来 upper right
右上角
Lesson 14 The Use of Multimeter
it also shows a number. The number is not the resistance, actually it’s the voltage as shown in Fig.14-4. • Probing a PCB Example: Here is an example of testing a PCB for continuity. The first test shows that the two points are not connected; the second • probing v. probe的分词形式，检查，检测
• dashed 虚线 solid • wave 波浪（线） 实线
Lesson 14 The Use of Multimeter
As shown in Fig.14-6: this meter has the double line for DC voltage, and 5 ranges, from 200 mV to 600 V. The lightning bolt symbol is a gentle reminder that this voltage is extremely dangerous. • ranges n. 最大范围，量程
• tip 顶端 • probes 探针 • beeping 嘟嘟响（拟声词） • a couple of 两三个
Lesson 14 The Use of Multimeter
Example 1: This meter is very simple. When the probes are not touching, the display shows “1”. When you touch the tips together, the display changes to a three digit mode. (it’s displaying resistance, which we will cover later). It also emits a beep, as shown in Fig.143. • display n. 显示器，显示屏