Human Anatomy Words(解部学英语单词)
人体解剖Human Anatomy汇总
大肠 大肠large intestine是消化管最后的一段， 长约1.5米，起自右髂窝，终于肛门，可分 为盲肠、结肠和直肠三段。大肠的主要机 能是吸收水分，将不消化的残渣以粪便的 形式排出体外。
盲肠cecum是大肠的开始部（图2-22）， 位于右髂窝内，左接回肠，上通升结肠。 在盲肠的后内壁伸出一条细长的阑尾 vermiformappendix，其末端游离，一般长 6-8厘米，内腔与盲肠相通，它是盲肠末 端在进化过程中退化形成的。
成人骨：206块，依其存在部位可分为颅骨、 躯干骨和四肢骨。 一、骨： 1．骨的形状 ： 按其形态特点可概括为下列四种 （一）长骨long bone （二）短骨 short bone （三）扁骨flat bone （四）不规则骨irregular bone
２、功能： 首要的功能体重和内部器官以及 维持体姿。 第三个功能是保护。
胆汁: 从肝管出肝后并不立即直接流入十 二指肠，而是首先贮存于胆囊内，间断 性地排放入十二指肠。 胆汁流入十二指肠前在肝外流经的管道 总称为肝外胆道系统，包括肝管、肝总 管、胆囊管、胆囊和胆总管（图2-27）。
胰
胰pancreas是人体的第二大腺（图221），横跨在第1、2腰椎的前面，质地柔软， 呈灰红色。 胰由外分泌部和内分泌部两部分组成，外 分泌部的腺细胞分泌胰液，经各级导管， 流入胰腺管，胰腺管与胆总管共同开口于 十二指肠。 胰液中含有多种消化酶，对消化食物起重 要作用。 内分泌部是指散在于外分泌部之间的细胞 团——胰岛，它分泌的激素直接进入血液 和淋巴，主要参与糖代谢的调节。
人体解剖英文名词
*拇指 thumb
示指 index finger
*下肢 lower limb
*髋 hip
*滑膜 synovial membrane
**关节腔 articular cavity
**韧带 ligament
**关节盘 articular disk
*正中矢状面 median(or midsagittal) plane
*冠状面（或额状面） coronal(or frontal) plane
*横切面（或水平面） transverse(or horizontal) plane
前面（或腹侧面） anterior(or ventral) surface
绪论 introduction
**解剖学 anatomy
**人体解剖学 human anatomy
**系统解剖学 systematic anatomy, descriptive anatomy
**局部解剖学 topographic anatomy, regional anatomy
腋 axilla
*臂 arm
*肘 elbow
*前臂 forearm
*手 hand
**关节半月板 articular meniscus
*关节唇 articular labrum
滑膜关节 synovial joint
平面关节 plane joint
隆起 eminence
粗隆 tuberosity
结节 tuber, tubercle
嵴 crest
**应用解剖学 applied anatomy
**临床解剖学 clinical anatomy
解剖学常用英语与拉丁语名词(修订本)
人体解剖学常用名词1.*human anatomy [ ♒✞❍☯⏹ ☯⏹✌♦☯❍♓] 人体解剖学2.*systematic anatomy [ ♦♓♦♦♓❍✌♦♓♍ ☯⏹✌♦☯❍♓]系统解剖学3.*topographic anatomy[♦☐☯♊♑❒✌♐♓ ☯⏹✌♦☯❍♓]4.*regional anatomy [❒♓♎✞☯⏹☯● ☯⏹✌♦☯❍♓] 局部解剖学5.applied anatomy [☯☐●♋♓♎ ☯⏹✌♦☯❍♓] 应用解剖学人体部分词汇6.caput[ ♏♓☐☯♦], *head [♒♏♎] 头7.#cranio- [ ❒♏♓⏹♓☯]，*cranium[ ❒♏♓⏹☯❍] 颅8.*face [♐♏♓♦] 面9.#nasus [⏹♏♓♦☯♦]，*nose [⏹☯◆♦] 鼻10.#os [ ♦]，*mouth [❍♋◆] 口11.#auris [ ris]，*ea r[i☯] 耳12.#oculus [ kjul☯s]，*eye [♋♓] 眼13.#cervix [ ♦☯♓♦]，#collum [ ●☯❍]，*neck [⏹♏]颈14.*trunk [♦❒✈☠] 躯干15.*chest [♦☞♏♦♦] 胸16.*abdomen [ ✌♌♎☯❍☯⏹] 腹17.#dorsum [ d ♦☯❍]，*back [♌✌] 背18.#lumbus [●✈❍♌☯♦]腰(部)19.#loin [●♓⏹] 腰20.#membrum [ ❍♏❍♌❒☯❍]，*limb [●♓❍] 肢一般方位词汇21.#vertical [ ☯♦♓☯●] 垂直22.#horizontal [♒❒♓⏹♦☯●] 水平23.#median [ ❍♓♎☯⏹] 正中24.#sagittal [ ♦✌♎✞♓♦●] 矢状25.#coronal [ ❒☯⏹●] 冠状26.#transverse [ tr✌nzv☯♦] 横27.dexter [♎♏♦♦☯]，#right [❒♋♓♦] 右28.sinister [ ♦♓⏹♓♦♦☯]，#left [●♏♐♦] 左29.#medial [ ❍♓♎☯●] 内侧30.#lateral [ ●✌♦☯❒☯●] 外侧31.intermediate [♓⏹♦☯❍♓♎☯♦] 中间32.collateral [ ●✌♦☯❒☯●] 侧的，副的33.#internal [♓⏹♦☯⏹●] 内34.#external [♓♦♦☯⏹●] 外35.#anterior [✌⏹♦♓☯❒♓☯] 前36.#posterior [☐♦♦♓☯❒♓☯] 后37.#ventral [ ♏⏹♦❒☯●] 腹侧38.#dorsal [ ♎♦☯●] 背侧39.#superior [ ♦◆☐♓☯❒♓☯] 上40.#inferior [♓⏹♐♓☯❒♓☯] 下41.#superficial [ ♦◆☐☯♐♓☞☯●] 浅42.profundus [♐❒☯♐✈⏹♎☯♦]，#deep [♎♓☐] 深43.#proximal [ ☐❒♦♓❍☯●] 近侧44.#distal [ ♎♓♦♦☯●] 远侧45.#central [ ♦♏⏹♦❒☯●] 中央，中心46.#peripheral [☐☯❒♓♐☯❒☯●] 周围47.#radial [ ❒♏♓♎☯●] 桡侧48.#ulnar [ ✈●⏹☯] 尺侧49.#tibial [ ♦♓♌♓☯●] 胫侧50.#fibular [ ♐♓♌◆●☯] 腓侧骨学51.osteologia [ ♦♦♓●☜♎✞♓☯]，osteology[ ♦♦♓●☜♎✞♓]骨学52.*os [ ♦]，bone [♌☯◆⏹] 骨53.diaphysis [♎♋✋✌♐✋♦♓♦]，shaft[☞♋♐♦]骨干54.medullary [❍♏♎✈●☯❒♓] 髓质的, 骨髓的, 脊髓的55.#epiphysial line [ ♏☐♓♐♓♓☯● ●♋♓⏹] 骺线56.osseous substance[ ♦♦♓☯♦ ♦✈♌♦♦☯⏹♦] 骨质pact bone [ ☯❍☐✌♦ ♌☯◆⏹] 骨密质58.spongy bone [ ♦☐✌⏹♎✞♓ ♌☯◆⏹] 骨松质59. #cartilage [ ♋♦♓●♓♎✞] 软骨60.#epiphysial cartilage[ ♏☐♓♐♓♓☯● ♋♦♓●♓♎✞] 骺软骨61.#diploe [ ♎♓☐●☯♓] 板障62.#periosteum [ ☐♏❒♓♦♦♓☯❍] 骨膜63.#bone marrow [ ♌☯◆⏹ ❍✌❒☯◆] 骨髓64.#process [ ☐❒♦♏♦] 突65.#spine [♦☐♋♓⏹] 棘66.#eminence [ ♏❍♓⏹☯⏹♦] 隆起67.#tuberosity [ ♦◆♌☯❒♦☯♦♓] 粗隆68.#tuber[ ♦◆♌☯]结节69.#crest[ ❒♏♦♦]嵴70.#fossa[ ♐♦☯]窝71.#fovea[ ♐☯◆♓☯]凹72.#foveolar[♐☯◆♓☯●☯] 小凹的,孔穴的73.#sulcus[ ♦✈●☯♦]沟74.#impression[♓❍☐❒♏☞☯☠]压迹75.#cavity[ ✌♓♦♓]腔76.#sinus[ ♦♋♓⏹☯♦]窦77.#antrum[ ✌⏹♦❒☯❍]房78.cellula[ ♦♏●◆●☯]小房79. #canal[ ☯⏹✌●]管80.#meatus [❍♓♏♓♦☯♦]道81.#aperture[ ✌☐☯♦◆☯]口82.#foramen[♐☯❒♏♓❍☜⏹]孔83.#hiatus[♒♋♓♏♓♦☯♦]裂孔84.#capitulum[ ☯☐♓♦◆●☯❍]小头85.#condyle[ ⏹♎♓●]髁86.#epicondyle[ ♏☐♓⏹♎♋♓●]上髁87.#surface[ ♦☯♐♓♦]面88.#border [ ♌♎☯]缘89.#notch [⏹♦☞]切迹90.*vertebra [ ☯♦♓♌❒☯]椎骨91.#vertebral body [ ☯♦♓♌❒☯● ♌♎♓]椎体92.#vertebral canal [ ☯♦♓♌❒☯● ☯⏹✌●]椎管93.#vertebral arch [ ☯♦♓♌❒☯● ♋♦☞]椎弓94.#intervertebralforamina[ ♓⏹♦☯☯♦♓♌❒☯● ♐☯❒♏♓❍☯⏹☯ ]椎间孔95.*cervical vertebrae[ ♦☯♓☯● ☯♦♓♌❒♓]颈椎96.#atlas[ ✌♦●☯♦]寰椎97.#axis [ ✌♦♓♦]枢椎98.#vertebra prominens[ ☯♦♓♌❒♓ ☐❒❍♓⏹☯⏹♦]隆椎99.*thoracic vertebrae [ ❒✌♦♓ ☯♦♓♌❒♓]胸椎100.*lumbar vertebrae [ ●✈❍♌☯ ☯♦♓♌❒♓]腰椎101.*sacrum [ ♦♏♓❒☯❍]骶骨102.sacral hiatus [ ♦♏♓❒☯● ♒♋♓♏♓♦☯♦]骶管裂孔103.sacral cornu [ ♦♏♓❒☯● ⏹◆]骶角104.*coccyx[ ♦♓♦]尾骨105.#vertebral column[ ☯♦♓♌❒☯● ●☯❍]脊柱106.*costa [ ♦♦☯],*rib [❒♓♌]肋107.#costal bone[ ♦♦☯● ♌☯◆⏹]肋骨108.costal cartilage[ ♦♦☯● ♋♦♓●♓♎✞]肋软骨109.*sternum[ ♦♦☯⏹☯❍]胸骨110.*frontal bone [ ♐❒✈⏹♦● ♌☯◆⏹]额骨111.*parietal bone [☐☯❒♋♓♓♦● ♌☯◆⏹]顶骨112.*occipital bone [ ♦♓☐♓♦● ♌☯◆⏹]枕骨113.foramen magnum[♐☯❒♏♓❍☯⏹ ❍✌♑⏹☯❍]枕骨大孔114.#external occipital protuberance[♓♦♦☯⏹● ♦♓☐♓♦● ☐❒☯♦◆♌☯❒☯⏹♦]枕外隆凸115.#temporal bone [ ♦♏❍☐☯❒☯● ♌☯◆⏹]颞骨116.internal acoustic pore[♓⏹♦☯⏹● ☯◆♦♦♓ ☐]内耳门117.styloid process[ ♦♦✌●♓♎ ☐❒♦♏♦]茎突118.mastoid process[ ❍✌♦♦♓♎ ☐❒♦♏♦]乳突119.stylomastoidforamen[ ♦♦♋♓●☯◆❍✌♦♦♓♎ ♐☯❒♏♓❍☯⏹]茎乳孔120.*sphenoid bone[ ♦♐♓⏹♓☯⏹ ♌☯◆⏹]蝶骨121.*ethmoid bone[ ♏❍♓♎ ♌☯◆⏹]筛骨122.nasal bone [ ⏹♏♓♦☯● ♌☯◆⏹]鼻骨crimal bone [ ●✌❒♓❍☯● ♌☯◆⏹]泪骨124.*maxilla [❍✌♦♦♓●☯ ]上颌骨125.#nasal concha [ ⏹♏♓♦☯● ☠☯]鼻甲126.palatine bone [ ☐✌●☯♦♋♓⏹ ♌☯◆⏹]腭骨127.#zygomatic bone [ ♋♓♑☯◆❍✌♦♓ ♌☯◆⏹]颧骨128.*mandible[ ❍✌⏹♎♓♌●]下颌骨129.mental foramen[ ❍♏⏹♦☯● ♐☯❒♏♓❍☯⏹]颏孔130.#hyoid bone [ ♒♋♓♓♎ ♌☯◆⏹]舌骨131.#cranial cavity [ ❒♏♓⏹☯● ✌♓♦♓]颅腔132.suture [ ♦◆♦☞☯]缝133.coronal suture [ ❒☯⏹● ♦◆♦☞☯]冠状缝134.sagittal suture [ ♦✌♎✞♓♦● ♦◆♦☞☯]矢状缝mbdoid suture [ ●✌❍♎♓♎ ♦◆♦☞☯]人字缝136.#anterior cranial fossa [Anti[❒♓☯ ❒♏♓⏹☯● ♐♦☯]颅前窝137.#middle cranial fossa[ midl ❒♏♓⏹☯● ♐♦☯]颅中窝138.#posterior cranial fossa [☐♦♦♓☯❒✋☯ ❒♏♓⏹☯● ♐♦☯]颅后窝139.#pterion [ ♦✋☯❒♓⏹] 翼点140.#temporal fossa [ ♦♏❍☐☯❒☯● ♐♦☯]颞窝141.#infratemporal fossa [ ♓⏹♐❒☯♦♏❍☐☯❒☯● ♐♦☯]颞下窝142.#pterygopalatine fossa [ ♦♏❒♓♑☯◆☐✌●☯♦♓⏹ ♐♦☯]翼腭窝143.#orbit [ ♌♓♦] 眶144.fontanel(le)[ ♐⏹♦☯⏹♏●]囟145.cranial fontanelle [ ❒♏♓⏹☯● ♐⏹♦☯⏹♏●]颅囟146.nasolacrimal canal [ ⏹♏♓☯◆●✌❒♓❍☯● ☯⏹✌●]鼻泪管147.#nasal cavity [ ⏹♏♓♦☯● ✌♓♦♓]鼻腔148.#paranasal sinus [ ☐✌❒☯⏹♏♓☯● ♦♋♓⏹☯♦]鼻旁窦149.#frontal sinus [ ♐❒✈⏹♦● ♦♋♓⏹☯♦]额窦150.#sphenoidal sinus[♦♐♓⏹♓♎● ♦♋♓⏹☯♦]蝶窦151.#maxillary sinus[❍✌♦♓●☯❒♓ ♦♋♓⏹☯♦]上颌窦152.#ethmoidal sinus[♏❍♓♎☯● ♦♋♓⏹☯♦]筛窦153.*scapula [ ♦✌☐◆●☯]肩胛骨154.acromion [☯❒☯◆❍♓☯⏹]肩峰155.glenoid cavity[ ♑●♓⏹♓♎ ✌♓♦♓]关节盂156.*clavicle [ ●✌♓●]锁骨157.*humerus [ ♒◆❍☯❒☯♦]肱骨158.sulcus for radial nerve [ ♦✈●☯♦ ♐ ❒♏♓♎☯● ⏹☯]桡神经沟teral epicondyle [ ●✌♦☯❒☯● ♏☐♓⏹♎♋♓●]外上髁160.medial epicondyle [ ❍♓♎☯● ♏☐♓⏹♎♋♓●]内上髁161.olecranon [☯◆●♏❒☯⏹⏹]鹰嘴162.coronoid process[ ❒☯⏹♓♎ ☐❒♦♏♦]冠突163.*radius [ ❒♏♓♎☯♦]桡骨164.*ulna [ ✈●⏹☯]尺骨165.#carpal bones [ ♋☐● ♌☯◆⏹♦]腕骨166.#metacarpal bones [ ❍♏♦☯♋☐● ♌☯◆⏹♦]掌骨167.#phalanges of fingers [♦✌●✌⏹♎✞♓ ☯ ♦☯◆♦]指骨168.*hip bone [♒♓☐ ♌☯◆⏹]髋骨169.*ilium [ ♓●♓☯❍]髂骨170.*ischium [ ♓♦♓☯❍]坐骨171.*pubis [pju:bis]耻骨172.iliac crest [ ♓●♓✌ ❒♏♦♦]髂嵴173.*anterior superior iliac spine[✌⏹♦♓☯❒♓☯ ♦◆☐♓☯❒♓☯ ♓●♓✌ ♦☐♋♓⏹] 髂前上棘174.posterior superior iliac spine [☐♦♦♓☯❒♓☯ ♦◆☐♓☯❒♓☯ ♓●♓✌ ♦☐♋♓⏹]髂后上棘175.tubercle of iliac crest[ ♦◆♌☯● ☯ ♓●♓✌ ♦☐♋♓⏹]髂结节176.greater sciatic notch [ ♑❒♏♓♦☯ ♦♋♓✌♦♓ ⏹♦☞]坐骨大切迹177.lesser sciatic notch [ ●♏♦☯ ♦♋♓✌♦♓ ⏹♦☞] 坐骨小切迹178.arcuate line [ ♋◆♓♦ ●♋♓⏹]弓状线179.#ischial tuberosity [ ♓☯● ♦◆♌☯ ❒♦♓♦♓]坐骨结节180.#pubic tubercle [ ☐◆♌♓ ♦◆♌☯●]耻骨结节181.#obturator foramen [ ♌♦◆☯❒♏♓♦☯ ♐☯❒♏♓❍☯⏹]闭孔182.#acetabulum [✌♦♓♦✌♌◆●☯❍]髋臼183.*femur [ ♐♓❍☯] 股骨184.medial condyle [ ❍♓♎☯● ⏹♎♓●]内侧髁teral condyle [ ●✌♦☯❒☯● ⏹♎♓●]外侧髁186.adductor tubercle[☯♎✈♦☯ ♦◆♌☯]●收肌结节187.*patella [☐☯♦♏●☯]髌骨188.*tibia [ ♦♓♌♓☯]胫骨189.*fibula [ ♐♓♌◆●☯]腓骨190.tarsal bones [ ♦♋♦☯● ♌☯◆⏹♦]跗骨191.talus [ ♦♏♓●☯♦]距骨192.calcaneus [ ✌●♏♓⏹♓☯♦]跟骨193.metatarsal bon e[ ❍♏♦☯♦♋♦☯● ♌☯◆⏹]跖骨194.#phalanges of toes [♐✌●✌⏹♎✞♓ ☯ ♦☯◆♦]趾骨ARTHROLOGIA,ARTHROLOGY 关节学195.*articulation [♋♦♓◆●♏♓☞☯⏹],joint [♎✞♓⏹♦]关节196.#synovial joint [♦♓⏹☯◆♓☯● ♎✞♓⏹♦]滑膜关节n 197.articular cartilage [♋♦♓◆●☯ ♋♦♓●♓♎✞]关节软骨198.#articular cavity [♋♦♓◆●☯ ✌♓♦♓]关节腔199.#articular capsule [♋♦♓◆●☯ ✌☐♦◆●]关节囊200.*ligament [ ●♓♑☯❍☯⏹♦]韧带201.synovial membrane [♦♓⏹☯◆♓☯● ❍♏❍♌❒♏♓⏹]滑膜202.#articular disc [♋♦♓◆●☯ ♎♓♦]关节盘203.#meniscus [minisk☯♦]半月板204.articular labrum [♋♦♓◆●☯ ●♏♓♌❒☯❍]关节唇205.fibrous joint [ faibr☯s]纤维连结206.syndesmosis [ ♦♓⏹♎♏♦❍☯◆♦♓♦]韧带连结207.cartilaginous joint [ ♋♦♓●✌♎✞♓⏹☯♦ ♎✞♓⏹♦]软骨连结208.synchondrosis [ ♦♓☠☯⏹♎❒☯◆♦♓♦]透明软骨结合209.symphysis[ ♦♓❍♐♓♦♓♦]纤维软骨联合210.synostosis[ ♦♓⏹♦♦☯◆♦♓♦]骨性结合211.#translation[♦❒✌⏹♦●♏♓☞☯⏹]移动212.#flexion[ ♐●♏☞☯⏹]屈213.#extension[♓♦♦♏⏹☞☯⏹]伸214.#adduction[☯♎✈☞☯⏹]收215.#abduction [✌♌♎✈☞☯⏹]展216.#rotation [❒☯◆♦♏♓☞☯⏹]旋转217.#medial rotation [ ❍♓♎☯● ❒☯◆♦♏♓☞☯⏹]旋内218.#lateral rotation [ ●✌♦☯❒☯● ❒☯◆♦♏♓☞☯⏹]旋外219.#pronation [☐❒☯✞⏹♏♓☞☯⏹]旋前220.#supination [ ♦◆☐♓⏹♏♓☞☯⏹]旋后221.circumduction [ ♦☯☯❍♎✈☞☯⏹]环转222.*vertebral column [ ☯♦♓♌❒☯● ●☯❍]脊柱223.*intervertebral disc [ ♓⏹♦☯☯♦♓♌❒☯● ♎♓♦]椎间盘224.anterior longitudinal ligament [✌⏹♦♓☯❒♓☯ ●⏹♎✞♓♦◆♎♓⏹● ●♓♑☯❍☯⏹♦]前纵韧带225.posterior longitudinal ligament [☐♦♦♓☯❒♓☯ ●⏹♎✞♓♦◆♎♓⏹● ●♓♑☯❍☯⏹♦]后纵韧带226.ligmneta flava [ ●♓♑☯❍☯⏹♦ ♐●♏♓☯]黄韧带227.interspinal ligament [ int☯sp♋in☯l ●♓♑☯❍☯⏹♦]棘间韧带228.supraspinal ligament [ ♦◆☐❒☯♦☐♋♓⏹☯● ●♓♑☯❍☯⏹♦]棘上韧带229.ligamentum nuchae [ ●♓♑☯❍♏⏹♦☯❍]项韧带230.zygapophyseal joint [ ♓♑☯☐♐♓♦♓● ♎✞♓⏹♦]关节突关节231.thorax[ ❒✌♦]，thoracic cage [ ❒✌♦♓ ♏♓♎✞]胸廓232.sternocostal joint [ ♦♦☯⏹☯◆♦♦☯● ♎✞♓⏹♦ ]胸肋关节233.#sternoclavicularjoint[ ♦♦☯⏹☯◆●☯♓◆●☯ ♎✞♓⏹♦ ]胸锁关节234.*sternal angle [ ♦♦☯⏹● ✌☠♑●]胸骨角235.*costal arch [ ♦♦● ♋♦☞]肋弓236.*temporomandibular joint [ ♦♏❍☐☯❒☯◆❍✌⏹♎♓♌◆●☯ ♎✞♓⏹♦ ]颞下颌关节237.*shoulder joint [ ☞☯◆●♎☯ ♎✞♓⏹♦]肩关节238.*elbow joint [ ♏●♌☯◆ ♎✞♓⏹♦]肘关节239.#radiocarpal joint[ reidi☯u ka:pl ♎✞♓⏹♦]，wrist joint[❒♓♦♦ ♎✞♓⏹♦]桡腕关节,腕关节240.*pelvis[ ☐♏●♓♦]骨盆241.greater pelvis[ ♑❒♏♓♦☯ ☐♏●♓♦]大骨盆242.lesser pelvis[ ●♏♦☯ ☐♏●♓♓♦]小骨盆243.sacrotuberous ligament [ ♦♏♓❒☯◆♦◆♌☯❒☯♦ ●♓♑☯❍☯⏹♦]骶结节韧带244.sacrospinous ligment [ ♦♏♓❒☯◆♦☐♋♓⏹☯♦ ●♓♑☯❍☯⏹♦]骶棘韧带245.#pubic symphysis [ ☐◆♌♓ ♦♓❍♐♓♦♓♦]耻骨联合246.*hip joint [♒♓☐ ♎✞♓⏹♦]髋关节247.knee joint [⏹♓ ♎✞♓⏹♦]膝关节248.#anterior cruciate ligament [✌⏹♦♓☯❒♓☯ ❒◆☞♓♓♦ ●♓♑☯❍☯⏹♦]前交叉韧带249.#posterior cruciate ligament [☐♦♦♓☯❒♓☯ ❒◆☞♓♓♦ ●♓♑☯❍☯⏹♦]后交叉韧带250.#ankle joint [ ✌☠● ♎✞♓⏹♦]踝关节251.talocalcaneal joint[ ♦♏♓●☯◆✌●♏♓⏹♓☯● 距跟关节MYCOLOGY,MYOLOGY肌学252.*muscle[ ❍✈♦●] 肌253.*tendon [ ♦♏⏹♎☯⏹] 腱254.aponeurosis [ ✌☐☯◆⏹◆☯❒☯◆♦♓♦]腱膜255.#fascia [ ♐✌☞♓☯]筋膜256.#tendinous sheath [ ♦♏⏹♎♓⏹☯♦ ☞♓]腱鞘257.mesotendon [ ⏹♏♦☯◆♦♏⏹♎☯⏹] 腱系膜258.#facial muscles [ ♐♏♓☞☯● ❍✈♦●♦]，muscles of expression [ ❍✈♦●♦ ☯ ♓♦☐❒♏☞☯⏹]面肌,表情肌259.galea aponeurotica [ ♑♏♓●♓☯ ✌☐☯⏹◆☯❒♦♓☯] 帽状腱膜260.orbicularis oculi [ ♌♓◆●☪☯❒♓♦ ◆●♋♓] 眼轮匝肌261.orbicularis oris [ ♌♓◆●☪☯❒♓♦ ❒♓] 口轮匝肌262.#masticatory muscles [ ❍✌♦♦♓♏♓♦☯❒♓ ❍✈♦●♦] 咀嚼肌263.#masseter [❍✌♦♓♦☯] 咬肌264.#temporalis [ ♦♏❍☐☯❒✌●♓♦] 颞肌265.medial pterygoid [ ❍♓♎☯● ♦♏❒♓♑♓♎] 翼内肌teral pterygoid [ ●✌♦☯❒☯● ♦♏❒♓♑♓♎] 翼外肌267.*sternocleidomastoid[ ♦♦☯⏹☯◆●♋♓♎☯❍✌♦♦♓♎ ] 胸锁乳突肌268.#scalenus [♦♏♓●♓⏹☯♦] 斜角肌269.#trapezius [♦❒☯☐♓♓☯♦] 斜方肌270.#latissimus dorsi [●☯♦♓♦♓❍☯♦ ♎♦♓] 背阔肌271.levator scapulae [●♓♏♓♦☯] 肩胛提肌272.rhomboideus [❒❍♌♓♎♓☯♦] 菱形肌273.#erector spinae [♓❒♏♦☯ ♦☐✌⏹♓] 竖脊肌274.splenius [ ♦☐●♓⏹♓☯♦] 夹肌275.#pectoralis major [ ☐♏♦☯❒♏♓●♓♦ ❍♏♓♎✞☯] 胸大肌276.pectoralis minor [ ☐♏♦☯❒♏♓●♓♦ ❍♋♓⏹☯] 胸小肌277.serratus anterior [♦♏❒♏♓♦☯♦ ✌⏹♦♓☯❒♓☯] 前锯肌278.intercostales externi [ ♓⏹♦☯♦♦☯●☯♦ ♓♦♦☯⏹♓] 肋间外肌279.intercostales interni [ ♓⏹♦☯♦♦●♦ ♓⏹♦☯⏹♓] 肋间内肌280.*diaphragm [ ♎♋♓☯♐❒✌❍] 膈281.#obliquus externus abdominis [☯♌●♋♓♦☯♦ ♏♦♦☯⏹☯♦ ✌♌♎❍♓⏹♓♦] 腹外斜肌282.#obliquus internus abdominis [☯♌●♋♓♦☯♦ ♓⏹♦☯⏹☯♦ ✌♌♎❍♓⏹♓♦] 腹内斜肌283.#transversus abdominis [♦❒✌⏹♦☯♦☯♦ ✌♌♎❍♓⏹♓♦] 腹横肌284.#conjoint tendon [ ⏹♎✞♓⏹♦ ♦♏⏹♎☯⏹] 联合键285.#inguinal ligament [ ♓☠♑♦♓⏹● ●♓♑☯❍☯⏹♦] 腹股沟韧带286.#inguinal cana l[ ♓☠♑♦♓⏹● ☯⏹✌●] 腹股沟管287.#rectus abdominis [ ❒♏♦☯♦ ✌♌♎❍♓⏹♓♦] 腹直肌288.#sheath of rectus abdominis 腹直肌鞘289.#arcuate line [ ♋◆♓♦ ●♋♓⏹] 弓状线（腹直肌鞘）290.li n ea alba [ ●♓⏹♓☯ ✌●♌☯] 白线291.#thoracolumbar fascia [ ❒☯☯◆●✈❍♌☯ ♐✌☞♓☯] 胸腰筋膜292.*deltoid [ ♎♏●♦♓♎] 三角肌293.teres [ ♦♓♏❒♓] 圆肌294.subscapularis [♦✈♌♦✌☐◆●☪☯❒♓♦] 肩胛下肌295.#biceps brachii [ ♌♋♓♦☯☐♦ ♌❒♏♓♓] 肱二头肌296.coracobrachialis [ ❒☯☯◆♌❒♏♓☯●♓♦]喙肱肌297.#brachialis [ ♌❒♏♓☯●♓♦] 肱肌298.#triceps brachii [ ♦❒♋♓♦☐♦ ♌❒♏♓♓ ] 肱三头肌299.#brachioradialis [ ♌❒✌♓☯◆❒♏♓♎♓♏♓●♓♦] 肱桡肌300.palmaris longus [☐✌●❍♏♓❒♓♦ ●☠♑☯♦] 掌长肌301.flexor carpi ulnaris [ ♐●♏♦☯ ♋☐♋♓ ✈●⏹☪☯❒♓♦] 尺侧腕屈肌302.flexor pollicis longus [ ♐●♏♦☯ ☐●♓♦♋♓♦ ●☠♑☯♦] 拇长屈肌303.#pronator teres [☐❒☯◆⏹♏♓♦☯ ♦♓☯❒♓] 旋前圆肌304.flexor digitorum superificialis[ ♐●♏♦☯ ♎✋♎✞✋♊♦❒☜❍ ♦◆☐☯♐♓☞☯●♓♦] 指浅屈肌305.flexor digitorum superificialis profundus[ ♐●♏♦☯ ♎✋♎✞✋♊♦❒☜❍ ♦◆☐☯♐♓☞☯●♓♦ ♐❒☯♐✈⏹♎☯♦] 指深屈肌306.extensor carpi radialis longus [♓♦♦♏⏹♦☯ ♋☐♋♓ ❒♏♓♎♓♏♓●♓♦ ●☠♑☯♦] 桡侧腕长伸肌307.extensor carpi radialis brevis [♓♦♦♏⏹♦☯ ♋☐♋♓ ❒♏♓♎♓♏♓●♓♦ ♌❒♏✋♦] 桡侧腕短伸肌308.estensor digitorum [♓♦♦♏⏹♦☯ ♎✋♎✞✋♊♦❒☜❍ ] 指伸肌309.extensor pollicis longus [♓♦♦♏⏹♦☯ ☐●♓♦♋♓♦ ●☠♑☯♦ ]拇长伸肌310.extensor pollicis brevis [♓♦♦♏⏹♦☯ ☐●♓♦♋♓♦ ♌❒♏✋♦ ] 拇短伸肌311.thenar [ ♓⏹♋] 鱼际312.opponens pollocis [☯☐☯◆⏹♏⏹ ☐●♓♦♋♓♦] 拇对掌肌313.lumbricales [ ●✈❍♌❒♓☯●♓♦] 蚓状肌314.supinator [ ♦◆☐♓⏹♏♓♦☯] 旋后肌315.abductor pollicis longus [✌b d✈kt☯ ☐●♓♦♋♓♦ ●☠♑☯♦]拇长展肌316.abductor pollicis brevis [✌b d✈kt☯ ☐●♓♦♋♓♦ ♌❒♏✋♦ ]拇短展肌317.*cubital fossa [ ◆♌♓♦● ♒♋♓♏♓♦☜♦] 肘窝318.#carpal canal [ ♋☐● ☯⏹✌●] 腕管319.axillary fossa [✌♦♓●☯❒♓ ♐♦☯] 腋窝320.deltopectoral groove [ ♎♏●♦☜◆☐♏♦☯❒☯●] 三角胸肌间沟321.#trilateral foramen [♦❒♋♓●✌♦☯❒☯● ♐☯❒♏♓❍☯⏹] 三边孔322.#quadrilateral foramen [ ♦♎❒♓●✌♦☯❒☯● ♐☯❒♏♓❍☯⏹] 四边孔323.#gluteus [♑●◆♦♓☯♦] 臀肌324.piriformis [ ☐♓❒☯♐❍♓♦] 梨状肌325.iliopsoas [ ♓●♓☯◆♦☯◆☯♦] 髂腰肌326.psoas [ ☐♦☯◆☯♦] 腰大肌327.#quadriceps femoris [ w ♎❒♓♦♏☐♦ ♐♏❍☯❒♓♦] 股四头肌328.sartorius [♦♋♦❒♓☯♦] 缝匠肌329.gracilis [ ♑❒✌♦♓●♓♦] 股薄肌330.adductor longus [☯♎✈♦☯ ●☠♑☯♦ ] 长收肌331.adductor brevis [☯♎✈♦☯ ♌❒♏✋♦] 短收肌332.adductor magnus [☯♎✈♦☯ ❍✌♑⏹☯♦] 大收肌333.#biceps femoris [ ♌♋♓♦♏☐♦ ♐♏❍☯❒♓♦] 股二头肌334.#semitendinosus [ ♦♏❍♓♦♏⏹♎♓⏹☯♦☯♦] 半腱肌335.#semimenbranosus [ ♦♏❍♓❍♏❍♌❒☯⏹☯♦☯♦] 半膜肌336.tibialis anterior [ ♦♓♌♓☯●♓♦ ✌⏹♦♓☯❒♓☯] 胫骨前肌337.extensor hallucis longus [♓♦♦♏⏹♦☯ ♊♒✌●☜♦ ●☠♑☯♦] 拇长伸肌338.peroneus longus [☐☯❒☯◆⏹♓☯♦●☠♑☯♦] 腓骨长肌339.peroneus brevis [☐☯❒☯◆⏹♓☯♦●☠♑☯♦ ♌❒♏✋♦ ] 腓骨短肌340.#tibialis posterior [ ♦♓♌♓☯●♓♦ ☐♦♦♓☯❒♓☯] 胫骨后肌341.#triceps surae [♦❒♋♓♍♏☐♦ ♦◆☯❒♓] 小腿三头肌342.#gastrocnemius [ ♑✌♦♦❒⏹♓❍♓☯♦] 腓肠肌343.#soleus [ ♦☯◆●♓☯♦] 比目鱼肌344.#tendo calcaneus [ ♦♏⏹♎☯◆ ✌●♏♓⏹♓☯♦] 跟腱345.#femoral triangle [ fem☯❒☯● ♦❒♋♓✌☠♑●] 股三角346.#adductor canal [☯♎✈●☯ ☯⏹✌●] 收肌管347.#popliteal fossa [☐☐●♓♦♓☯● ♐♦☯] 腘窝内脏学348.#splanchnology [♦☐●✌☠⏹●☯♎✞♓]内脏学349.#viscera [ ♓♦☯❒☯] 内脏（单viscus [ ♓♦☜♦]）350.anterior median line [✌⏹♦♓☯❒♓☯ ❍♓♎☯⏹ ●♋♓⏹]前正中线351.sternal line [ ♦♦☜⏹● ●♋♓⏹] 胸骨线352.#midclavicular line [❍♓♎ ●☯♓◆●☯ ●♋♓⏹] 锁骨中线353.parasternal line [ ☐✌❒☯♦♦☜⏹● ●♋♓⏹] 胸骨旁线354.anterior axillary line [✌⏹♦♓☯❒♓☯ ✌♦♓●☜❒♓ ●♋♓⏹] 腋前线355.posterior axillary line [☐♦♦♓☜❒♓☜ ✌♦♓●☜❒♓ ●♋♓⏹ ] 腋后线356.#midaxillary line [❍♓♎✌♦♓●☜❒♓ ●♋♓⏹] 腋中线357.#scapular line [ ♦✌☐◆●☜ ●♋♓⏹] 肩胛线358.posterior median line [☐♦♦♓☜❒♓☜ ❍♓♎☯⏹ ●♋♓⏹] 后正中线消化系统359.*digestive system [♎♓♎✞♏♦♦♓ ♦♓♦♦☜❍], alimentary system [ ✌●♓❍♏⏹♦☜❒♓ ✌☐☜❒♏♓♦☜♦]消化系统360.alimentary canal [ ✌●♓❍♏⏹♦☜❒♓ ☜⏹✌●] 消化管361.alimentary gland [ ✌●♓❍♏⏹♦☜❒♓ ♈●✌⏹♎] 消化腺362.*oral cavity [ ❒☜● ✌♓♦♓] 口腔363.oral lip [ ❒☜● ●♓☐] 口唇364.nasolabial sulcus [ ⏹♏♓☯◆●♏♓♌♓☯● ♦✈●☜♦] 鼻唇沟365.#cheek [♦☞♓] 颊366.papilla of parotid duct [☐☜☐♓●☜ ☜ ☐☜❒♦♓♎ ♎✈♦] 腮腺管乳头367.#palate [ ☐✌●♓♦] 腭368.hard palate [♒♎ ☐✌●♓♦] 硬腭369.soft palate [♦♐♦ ☐✌●♓♦] 软腭370.velum palatinum [ ♓●☜❍ ☐✌●☜♦♓⏹◆❍] 腭帆371.#uvula [ ◆◆●☜] 腭垂372.palatoglossal arch [ ☐✌●☜♦☯◆♑●☯◆♦☜● ♦☞] 腭舌弓373.palatopharyngeal arch [ ☐✌●☜♦☯◆♐☜❒♓⏹♎✞♓☜● ♦☞] 腭咽弓374.#isthmus of fauces [ ♓♦❍☜♦ ☜ ♐♦♓] 咽峡375.*tooth [♦◆]，dens [♎♏⏹]，dent [♎♏⏹♦] 牙376.#deciduous teeth [♎♓♦♓♎✞◆☜♦ ♦♓] 乳牙377.#permanent teeth [ ☐☜❍☜⏹☜⏹♦ ♦♓] 恒牙378.wisdom tooth [ ♦♓♎☜❍ ♦◆] 迟牙，智牙379.incisors [♓⏹♦♋♓☜] 切牙380.canine teeth [ ♏♓⏹♋♓⏹ ♦♓] 尖牙381.molars [ ❍☜◆●☜z] 磨牙382.premolars [ ☐❒♓❍☜◆●☜z] 前磨牙383.crown of tooth [ ❒♋◆⏹ ☜ ♦◆] 牙冠384.root of tooth [❒◆♦ ☜ ♦◆] 牙根385.neck of tooth [⏹♏ ☜ ♦◆] 牙颈386.dentine [ ♎♏⏹♦♓⏹] 牙质387.enamel [♓⏹✌❍☜●] 釉质388.cement [♦♓❍♏⏹♦] 牙骨质389.dental pulp [ ♎♏⏹♦● ☐✈●☐] 牙髄390.*tongue [♦✈☠]，lingua [ ●♓☠♈♦☜] 舌391.body of tongue [ ♌♎♓ ☜ ♦✈☠] 舌体392.root of tongue [❒◆♦ ☜ ♦✈☠] 舌根393.apex of tongue [ ♏♓☐♏♦ ☜ ♦✈☠] 舌尖394.terminal sulcus [ ♦☜❍♓⏹● ♦✈●☜♦] 界沟395.#filiform papillae [ ♐♓●♓♐ ❍ ☐☜☐♓●♓] 丝状乳头396.#fungiform papillae [ ♐✈⏹♎✞♓♐❍ ☐☜☐♓●♓] 菌状乳头397.#foliate papillae [ ♐☜◆●♓♏♓♦ ☐☜☐♓●♓] 叶状乳头398.#vallate papillae [ ✌●♏♓♦ ☐☜☐♓●♓] 轮廓乳头399.*tonsil [ ♦⏹♦♓●] 扁桃体400.lingual tonsil [ ●♓☠♈♦☜● ♦⏹♦♓●] 舌扁桃体401.frenulum of tongue [ ♐❒♏⏹◆●☜❍ ☜ ♦✈☠] 舌系带402.sublingual caruncle [♦✈♌●♓☠♈♦☜● ✌❒☜☠●] 舌下阜403.sublingual fold [♦✈♌●♓☠♈♦☜● ♐☜◆●♎] 舌下襞404.#genioglossus [♎✞♓⏹♓☯♑●☜◆♦☯♦] 颏舌肌405.#salivary gland [ ♦✌●♓☜❒♓ ♈●✌⏹♎] 唾液腺406.#parotid gland [☐☜❒♦♓♎ ♈●✌⏹♎] 腮腺407.parotid duct [☐☜❒♦♓♎ ♎✈♦] 腮腺管408.#submandibular gland [ ♦✈♌❍✌⏹♎✋♌◆●☜☎❒✆ ♈●✌⏹♎] 下颌下腺409.#sublingual gland [♦✈♌●♓☠♈♦☜● ♈●✌⏹♎] 舌下腺410.*pharynx [ ♐✌❒♓☠♦] 咽411.#nasopharynx [ ⏹♏♓☜◆♐✌❒♓☠♦] 鼻咽412.auditory tube [ ♎♓♦☜❒♓ ♦◆♌] 咽鼓管413.pharyngeal opening of auditory tube [ ♐✌❒✋⏹♎✞♓☜● ☜◆☐⏹♓☠ ☜ ♎♓♦☜❒♓ ♦◆♌]咽鼓管咽口414.tubal torus [ ♦◆♌● ♦❒☜♦] 咽鼓管圆枕415.pharyngeal recess [ ♐✌❒✋⏹♎✞♓☜● ❒♏♍♏♦♦] 咽隐窝416.#oropharynx [ ☜◆❒☜♐✌❒♓☠♦] 口咽417.epiglottic vallecula [ ♏☐♓♈●♦♓ ☜●♏◆●☜] 会厌谷418.palatine tonsil [ ☐✌●☜♦♋♓⏹ ♦⏹♦♓●] 腭扁桃体419.#laryngopharynx [●☜❒✋☠♈☜◆♐✌❒✋☠♦] 喉咽420.#piriform recess [ ☐♓❒☜♐❍ ❒♏♍♏♦♦] 梨状隐窝421.*esophagus [♓☎✆♦♐☜♈☜♦] 食管422.*stomach [ ♦♦✈❍☜]，gaster [ ♦♦✈❍☜]，ventriculus [ ♏⏹♦❒♓◆●☯♦] 胃423.#cardia [ ♎♓☜] 贲门424.#pylorus [☐♋♓●❒☜♦] 幽门425.pyloric canal [☐♋✋●❒✋ ☜⏹✌●] 幽门管426.pyloric antrum [☐♋✋●❒✋ ✌⏹♦❒☜❍] 幽门窦427.pyloric valve [☐♋✋●❒✋ ✌●] 幽门瓣428.pyloric sphincter [☐♋✋●❒✋ ♦♐♓☠♦☜] 幽门括约肌429.#bowel [ ♌♋◆☜●]，intestine [♓⏹♦♏♦♦♓⏹] 肠430.#small intestine [♦❍● ♓⏹♦♏♦♦♓⏹] 小肠431.*duodenum [ ♎◆☎✆☜◆♎♓⏹☜❍] 十二指肠432.superior duodenal flexure [♦◆☐♓☜❒♓☜ ♎◆☎✆☜◆♎♓⏹● ♐●♏☞☜] 十二指肠上曲433.duodenal bulb [ ♎◆☎✆☜◆♎♓⏹● ♌✈●♌] 十二指肠球434.inferior duodenal flexure [♓⏹♐♓☜❒♓☜ ♎◆☎✆☜◆♎♓⏹● ♐●♏☞☜] 十二指肠下曲435.longitudinal fold of duodenum [●⏹♎✞♓♦◆♎♓⏹● ♐☜◆●♎ ☜ ♎◆☎✆☜◆♎♓⏹☜❍]十二指肠纵襞436.#major duodenal papilla [ ❍♏♓♎✞☜ ♎◆☎✆☜◆♎♓⏹● ☐☜☐♓●☜] 十二指肠大乳头437.#duodenojejunal flexure [ ♎◆☎✆☜◆♎♓⏹☜♎✞♓♎✞◆⏹☯● ♐●♏☞☜] 十二指肠空肠曲438.#suspensory ligament of duodenum [♦☜♦☐♏⏹♦☜❒♓ ●♓♈☜❍☜⏹♦ ☜ ♎◆☎✆☜◆♎♓⏹☜❍] 十二指肠悬韧带439.*jejunum [♎✞♓♎✞◆⏹☜❍] 空肠440.*ileum [ ♓●♓☜❍] 回肠441.#large intestine [●♎✞♓⏹♦♏♦♦♓⏹] 大肠442.colic bands [ ●♓ ♌✌⏹♎] 结肠带443.haustra of colon [ ♒♦♦❒☜● ☜ ☜◆●☜◆⏹] 结肠袋444.epiploicae appendices [ ♏☐♓☐●♦♓☜♦♓● ☯♊☐♏⏹♎♓♦♓]肠脂垂445.#caecum [♊♦♓❍] 盲肠446.ileocecal orifice [ ♓●♓☜◆♦♓☜● ❒♓♐♓♦] 回盲口447.ileocecal valve [ ♓●♓☜◆♦♓☜● ✌●] 回盲瓣448.*vermiform appendix [ ☜❍♓♐❍ ☜☐♏⏹♎♓♦]，appendix [☜☐♏⏹♎♓♦] 阑尾449.*colon [ ☜◆●☜◆⏹] 结肠450.#ascending colon [☜♦♏⏹♎♓☠ ☜◆●☜◆⏹] 升结肠451.#transverse colon [ ♦❒✌⏹☜♦ ☜◆●☜◆⏹] 横结肠452.#descending colon [♎♓♦♏⏹♎♓☠ ☜◆●☜◆⏹] 降结肠453.#sigmoid colon [ ♦♓♈❍♓♎ ☜◆●☜◆⏹] 乙状结肠454.*rectum [ ❒♏♦☜❍] 直肠455.sacral flexure of rectum [ ♦♏♓❒☜● ♐●♏☞☜ ☜ ❒♏♦☜❍] 直肠骶曲456.perineal flexure of rectum [ ☐♏❒♓⏹♓☯● ♐●♏☞☜ ☜ ❒♏♦☜❍] 直肠会阴曲457.ampulla of rectum [✌❍☐◆●☜ ☜ ❒♏♦☜❍] 直肠壶腹458.#anal canal [ ♏♓⏹☜● ☜⏹✌●] 肛管459.anal column [ ♏♓⏹☜● ●☜❍] 肛柱460.anal valve [ ♏♓⏹☜● ♋●♏] 肛瓣461.anal sinus [ ♏♓⏹☜● ♦♋♓⏹☜♦] 肛窦462.#dentate line [ ♎♏⏹♦♏♓♦ ●♋♓⏹] 齿状线463.#anus [ ♏♓⏹☜♦] 肛门464.*liver [ ●♓☜] 肝465.#porta hepatis [ ☐♦☜ ♒♓☐✌♦♓♦] 肝门466.fissure for teres hepatis [ ♐♓☞☜ ♐ ♦♏❒♓ ♒♓☐✌♦♓♦] 肝圆韧带裂467.fissure for ligamentum venosum [ ♐♓☞☜ ♐ ●♓♈☜❍♏⏹♦☜❍ ♓⏹☜♦☜❍] 静脉韧带裂468.fossa for gallbladder [ ♐♦☜ ♐ ♈●♌●✌♎☜] 胆囊窝469.sulcus for vena cava [ ♦✈●☜♦ ♐ ♓⏹☜ ✌☜]腔静脉沟470.*gallbladder [ ♈●♌●✌♎☜] 胆囊471.fundus of gallbladder [ ♐✈⏹♎☜♦ ☜ ♈●♌●✌♎☜] 胆囊底472.body of gallbladder [♌♎♓ ☜ ♈●♌●✌♎☜] 胆囊体473.neck of gallbladder [⏹♏☜ ♈●♌●✌♎☜] 胆囊颈474.cystic duct [ ♦♓♦♦♓ ♎✈♦] 胆囊管mon hepatic duct [ ❍☜⏹ ♒♓☐✌♦♓ ♎✈♦] 肝总管476.#common bile duct [ ❍☜⏹ ♌♋♓● ♎✈♦] 胆总管477.hepatopancreatic ampulla [ ♒♏☐☜♦☜◆☐✌☠❒♓♦♓ ✌❍☐◆●☜]肝胰壶腹478.*pancreas [ ☐✌⏹❒♓☜♦] 胰呼吸系统479.*respiratory system[❒♓♦☐♋♓☜❒☜♦☜❒♓ ♦✋♦♦☜❍]，呼吸系统480.nasal septum [ ⏹♏♓☜● ♦♏☐♦☜❍] 鼻中隔481.#nasal cavity [ ⏹♏♓☜● ✌♓♦♓] 鼻腔482.nostril [ ⏹♦♦❒♓●] 鼻孔483.choanae [ ☜◆☜⏹♓] 鼻后孔484.#sphenoethmoidal recess [ ♦♐♏⏹♓☜❍♓♎☜● ❒♓♦♏♦] 蝶筛隐窝485.*larynx [ ●✌❒♓☠♦] 喉486.#thyroid cartilage [ ♋♓❒♓♎ ♦♓●♓♎✞] 甲状软骨ryngeal prominence [ ●✌❒♓⏹♎✞♓☎✆☜● ☐❒❍✋⏹☜⏹♦] 喉结488.#cricoid cartilage [ ❒♋♓♓♎ ♦♓●♓♎✞] 环状软骨489.#epiglottic cartilage [ ♏☐♓♈●♦♓ ♦♓●♓♎✞] 会厌软骨490.#arytenoid cartilage [ ✌❒♓♦♓⏹♓♎ ♦♓●♓♎✞] 杓状软骨491.cricothyroid joint [ ❒♋✋☜♋✋❒✋♎ ♎✞♓⏹♦] 环甲关节492.cricoarytenoid joint [ ❒♋✋☜❒♓♦♓⏹♓♎ ♎✞♓⏹♦] 环杓关节493.quadrangular membrane [ ♦♎❒✌♈◆●☜☎❒✆ ❍♏❍♌❒♏♓⏹] 方形膜494.conus elasticus [ ⏹☜♦ ♓●✌♦♦♓☯♦] 弹性圆锥495.#glottis [ ♈●♦♓♦] 声门496.#fissure of glottis [ ♐♓☞☜ ☜ ♈●♦♓♦] 声门裂497.#vocal fold [ ☜◆● ♐☜◆●♎] 声襞498.#vocal cord [ ☜◆● ♎] 声带499.cricothyroid muscle [ ❒♋✋☜♋✋❒✋♎ ❍✈♦●] 环甲肌500.aditus laryngis [ ✌♎♓♦☜♦ ●☜❒♓⏹♎✞♓♦] 喉口ryngeal vestibule [ ●✌❒♓⏹♎✞♓☎✆☜● ♏♦♦♓♌◆●] 喉前庭502.intermedial cavity of larynx [ ♓⏹♦☜❍♓♎♓☜● ✌♓♦♓ ☜●✌❒♓☠♦] 喉中间腔503.ventricle of larynx [ ♏⏹♦❒♓● ☜ ●✌❒♓☠♦] 喉室504.infraglottic cavity [ ♓⏹♐❒☯♈●♦♓ ✌♓♦♓] 声门下腔505.carina of trachea [ ☜❒♋♓⏹☜ ☜ ♦❒☜♓☜] 气管隆嵴506.*bronchi [ ♌❒☠♓] 支气管507.*lung [●✈☠]，pulmo [ ☐✈●❍☜◆] 肺508.#hilum of lung [ ♒♋♓●☜❍ ☜ ●✈☠] 肺门509.#root of lung [❒◆♦ ☜ ●✈☠]，radix of lung [ ❒♏♓♎♓♦ ☜ ●✈☠] 肺根510.*pleura [ ☐●◆☜❒☜] 胸膜511.#parietal pleura [☐☜❒♋♓☜♦☜● ☐●◆☜❒☜] 壁胸膜512.#visceral pleura [ ♓♦☜❒☜● ☐●◆☜❒☜] 脏胸膜513.#pleural cavity [ ☐●◆☜❒☜● ✌♓♦♓] 胸膜腔514.#pleural recess [ ☐●◆☜❒☜● ❒♓♦♏♦] 胸膜隐窝515.#costodiaphragmatic recess [ ♦♦☜◆♎♋✋☜♐❒✌♈♊❍✌♦✋ ❒♓♦♏♦]肋膈隐窝516.#mediastinum [ ❍♓♎♓✌♦♦♋♓⏹☜❍] 纵隔泌尿系统517.*urinary system [ ◆☜❒♓⏹☜❒♓ ♦✋♦♦☜❍] 泌尿系统518.*kidney [ ♓♎⏹♓]，ren（拉）肾519.renal cortex [ ❒♓⏹● ♦♏♦] 肾皮质520.renal pelvis [ ❒♓⏹● ☐♏●♓♦] 肾盂521.renal sinus [ ❒♓⏹● ♦♋♓⏹☜♦] 肾窦522.renal pyramids [ ❒♓⏹● ☐♓❒☜❍♓♎] 肾锥体523.renal papillae [ ❒♓⏹● ☐☯☐♓●♓] 肾乳头524.renal hilum [ ❒♓⏹● ♒♋♓●☜❍] 肾门525.major renal calices [ ❍♏♓♎✞☜ ❒♓⏹● ✌●✋♦♓] 肾大盏526.minor renal calices [ ❍♋♓⏹☜ ❒♓⏹● ✌●✋♦♓] 肾小盏527.fibrous capsule [ ♐♋♓♌❒☜♦ ✌☐♦◆●] 纤维囊528.fatty renal capsule [ ♐✌♦♓ ❒♓⏹● ✌☐♦◆●] 脂肪囊529.renal fascia [ ❒♓⏹● ♐✌☞♓☜] 肾筋膜530.renal region [ ❒♓⏹● ❒♓♎✞☜⏹] 肾区531.*ureter [ ◆☜❒♓♦☜] 输尿管532.*urinary bladder [ ◆☜❒♓⏹☜❒♓ ♌●✌♎☜] 膀胱533.#trigone of bladder [ ♦❒♋♓♈☜◆⏹ ☜ ♌●✌♎☜] 膀胱三角534.detrusor of bladder [♎♓♦❒◆♦☜ ☜ ♌●✌♎☜] 膀胱逼尿肌535.interureteric fold [ ♓⏹♦☯❒◆☜❒♓♦♓❒♓ ♐☜◆●♎]，536.interureteric ridge [ ♓⏹♦☯❒◆☜❒♓♦♓❒♓ ❒♓♎✞] 输尿管间襞537.vesical uvula [ ♏♦♓☜● ◆◆●☜] 膀胱垂538.ureteric orifice [ ◆☜❒☯♦♓❒♓ ❒♓♐♓♦] 输尿管口539.internal urethral orifice [♓⏹♦☜⏹● ◆☜❒♓❒☯● ❒♓♐♓♦] 尿道内口540.*urethra [ ◆☜❒♓❒☜] 尿道541.#pelvic cavity [ ☐♏●♓ ✌♓♦♓] 盆腔生殖系统542.*genital system [ ♎✞♏⏹♓♦● ♦♓♦♦☜❍]，543.reproductive system [ ❒♓☐❒☜♎✈♦♓ ♦♓♦♦☜❍] 生殖系统544.#male genital organ [❍♏♓● ♎✞♏⏹♓♦● ♈☜⏹] 男性生殖器官545.*testis [ ♦♏♦♦♓♦] 睾丸546.tunica vaginalis of testis [ ♦◆⏹♓☜ ☜♎✞✋⏹☜●♓♦ ☜ ♦♏♦♦♓♦] 睾丸鞘膜547.epididymis [ ♏☐♓♎♓♎♓❍♓♦] 附睾548.#ductus deferens [ ♎✈♦☯♦ ♎♏♐☜❒☜⏹♦] 输精管549.ampulla ductus deferentis [✌❍☐◆●☜ ♎✈♦☯♦ ♎♓♐☜❒♏⏹♦♓♦] 输精管壶腹550.#spermatic cord [♦☐☜❍✌♦♓ ♎] 精索551.ejaculatory duct [♓♎✞✌◆●☜♦☜❒♓ ♎✈♦] 射精管552.#scrotum [ ♦❒☜◆♦☜❍] 阴囊553.#prostate [ ☐❒♦♦♏♓♦] 前列腺554.seminal vesicle [ ♦♓❍♓⏹● ♏♦♓●] 精囊555.bulbourethral gland [ ♌✈●♌☯◆◆☯❒♓❒☯● ♈●✌⏹♎] 尿道球腺556.#penis [ ☐♓⏹♓♦] 阴茎557.bulb of urethra [♌✈●♌ ☜ ◆☜❒♓❒☜] 尿道球558.#male urethra [❍♏♓● ◆☜❒♓❒☜] 男性尿道559.#female genital organ [ ♐♓❍♏♓● ♎✞♏⏹♓♦● ♈☜⏹]女性生殖器官560.*ovary [ ☜◆☜❒♓] 卵巢561.hilum of ovary [ ♒♋♓●☜❍ ☜ ☜◆☜❒♓] 卵巢门562.suspensory ligament of ovary [♦☜♦☐♏⏹♦☜❒♓ ●♓♈☜❍☜⏹♦ ☜ ☜◆☜❒♓] 卵巢悬韧带563.proper ligament of ovary [ ☐❒☐☜ ●♓♈☜❍☜⏹♦ ☜ ☜◆☜❒♓] 卵巢固有韧带564.#uterine tube [ ◆♦☜❒♋♓⏹ ♦◆♌] 输卵管565.isthmus of uterine tube [ ♓♦❍☜♦ ☜ ◆♦☜❒♋♓⏹ ♦◆♌] 输卵管峡566.ampulla of uterine tube [✌❍☐◆●☜ ☜ ◆♦☜❒♋♓⏹ ♦◆♌] 输卵管壶腹567.infundibulum of uterine tube [ ♓⏹♐✈⏹♎♓♌◆●☜❍ ☜ ◆♦☜❒♋♓⏹ ♦◆♌] 输卵管漏斗568.fimbriae of uterine tube [ ♐♓❍♌❒♓：☜ ◆♦☜❒♋♓⏹ ♦◆♌] 输卵管伞569.ovarian fimbria [☜◆☪☜❒♓☜⏹ ♐♓❍♌❒♓☜] 卵巢伞570.*uterus [ ◆♦☜❒☜♦]，womb [♦◆❍] 子宫571.fundus of uterus [ ♐✈⏹♎☜♦ ☜ ◆♦☜❒☜♦] 子宫底572.#neck of uterus [⏹♏☜ ◆♦☜❒☜♦] 子宫颈573.vaginal part of cervix [ ☜♎✞♋✋⏹☜● ☐♦ ☜ ♦☜♓ ♦] 子宫颈阴道部574.supravaginal part of cervix [ ♦◆☐❒☜✌♎✞♓⏹☜● ☐♦ ☜ ♦☜♓♦]子宫颈阴道上部575.body of uterus [♌♎♓☜ ◆♦☜❒☜♦] 子宫体576.horn of uterus [♒⏹☜ ◆♦☜❒☜♦] 子宫角577.isthmus of uterus [ ♓♦❍☜♦☜ ◆♦☜❒☜♦] 子宫峡578.cavity of uterus [ ✌♓♦♓☜ ◆♦☜❒☜♦] 子宫腔579.canal of cervix of uterus [ ☜⏹✌●☜ ♦☜♓♦ ☜ ◆♦☜❒☜♦] 子宫颈管580.orifice of uterus [ ❒♓♐♓♦☜ ◆♦☜❒☜♦] 子宫口581.broad ligament of uterus [♌❒♎●♓♈☜❍☜⏹♦ ☜ ◆♦☜❒☜♦] 子宫阔韧带582.round ligament of uterus [❒♋◆⏹♎●♓♈☜❍☜⏹♦ ☜ ◆♦☜❒☜♦] 子宫圆韧带583.cardinal ligament of uterus [ ♎♓⏹☜●●♓♈☜❍☜⏹♦ ☜ ◆♦☜❒☜♦] 子宫主韧带584.uterosacral ligament [ ◆♦☜❒☜♦♏♓❒☜●●♓♈☜❍☜⏹♦] 子宫骶韧带585.#vagina [ ☜♎✞♋♓⏹☜] 阴道586.vaginal orifice [ ☜♎✞♋✋⏹☜● ❒♓♐♓♦] 阴道口587.#fornix of vagina [ ♐⏹♓♦ ☜ ☜♎✞♋♓⏹☜] 阴道穹588.greater vestibular gland [ ♈❒♏✋♦☜☎❒✆ ♏♦♦✋♌◆●☜☎❒✆♈●✌⏹♎] 前庭大腺589.#pudendum [☐◆♎♏⏹♎☜❍] 外阴590.vaginal vestibule [ ☜♎✞♋✋⏹☜● ♏♦♦♓♌◆●] 阴道前庭591.#mamma [❍☜❍]，breast [♌❒♏♦♦] 乳房592.mammary [ ❍✌❍☜❒♓] 乳头593.lobe of mammary gland [●☜◆♌ ☜ ❍✌❍☜❒♓ ♈●✌⏹♎]乳腺叶ctiferous duct [●✌♦♓♐☜❒☜♦ ♎✈♦] 输乳管595.suspensory ligament of breast [♦☜♦☐♏⏹♦☜❒♓ ☜ ♌❒♏♦♦] 乳房悬韧带596.#perineum [ ☐♏❒♓⏹♓☜❍] 会阴597.ischioanal fossa [ ♓♦♓☯◆♏♓⏹☜● ♐♦☜]，ischiorectal fossa [ ♓♦♓☯◆❒♏♦● ♐♦☜] 坐骨肛门(直肠)窝598.#pelvic diaphragm [ ☐♏●♓ ♎♋♓☜♐❒✌❍] 盆膈599.#urogenital diaphragm [ ◆☜❒☜◆♎✞♏⏹♓♦● ♎♋♓☜♐❒✌❍] 尿生殖膈600.perineal body [ ☐♏❒♓⏹♓☯● ♌♎♓] 会阴中心腱腹膜601.*peritoneum [ ☐♏❒♓♦☜◆⏹♓☜❍] 腹膜602.parietal peritoneum [☐☜❒♋♓☜♦☜● ☐♏❒♓♦☜◆⏹♓☜❍] 壁腹膜603.visceral peritoneum [ ♓♦☜❒☜● ☐♏❒♓♦☜◆⏹♓☜❍] 脏腹膜604.#peritoneal cavity [ ☐♏❒♓♦☯◆⏹♓☯● ✌♓♦♓] 腹膜腔605.#omentum [☜◆❍♏⏹♦☜❍] 网膜606.#lesser omentum [ ●♏♦☜ ☜◆❍♏⏹♦☜❍] 小网膜607.hepatogastic ligament [ ♒♏☐☜♦☜◆♈✌♦♓●♓♈☜❍☜⏹♦] 肝胃韧带608.#hepatoduodenal ligament [ ♒♏☐☜♦☜◆♎◆☎✆☜◆♎♓⏹●●♓♈☜❍☜⏹♦] 肝十二指肠韧带609.greater omentum [ ♈❒♏✋♦☜☎❒✆ ☜◆❍♏⏹♦☜❍] 大网膜610.gastrocolic ligament [ ◆♦☜❒☜♦♏♓❒☜●●♓♈☜❍☜⏹♦] 胃结肠韧带611.#omental bursa [☜◆❍♏⏹♦☜● ♌☜♦☜] 网膜囊612.#omental foramen [☜◆❍♏⏹♦☜● ♐☜❒♏♓❍♏⏹] 网膜孔613.#mesentery [ ❍♏♦☜⏹♦☜❒♓] 肠系膜614.radix of mesentery [ ❒♏♓♎♓♦ ☜ ❍♏♦☜⏹♦☜❒♓] 肠系膜根615.#mesoappendix [ ❍♏♦☜◆☜☐♏⏹♎✋♦] 阑尾系膜616.#transverse mesocolon [ ♦❒✌⏹☜♦ ❍♏♦☜☜◆●☜⏹] 横结肠系膜617.#sigmoid mesocolon [ ♦♓♈❍♓♎ ❍♏♦☜☜◆●☜⏹]，mesosigmoid [ ❍♏♦☜♦♓♈❍♓♎] 乙状结肠系膜618.falciform ligament of liver [ ♐✌●♦♓♐❍●♓♈☜❍☜⏹♦ ☜ ●♓☜] 镰状韧带619.ligamentum teres hepatic [ ●✋♈☜❍♏⏹♦☜❍ ♦♏❒♓ ♒♓☐✌♦♓♦] 肝圆韧带。
人体解剖学—Human anatomy
三、肌的起止、配布和作用： 肌的起止、配布和作用： （一）起止点： 起止点： 1、起点（定点）：肌在固定骨上的附着点， ）：肌在固定骨上的附着点 、起点（定点）：肌在固定骨上的附着点， 常把接近身体正中线， 常把接近身体正中线，四肢靠近近侧 的称附着点。 的称附着点。 2、止点（动点）：肌在移动骨上的附着点。 ）：肌在移动骨上的附着点 、止点（动点）：肌在移动骨上的附着点。 由于运动多样化，二者在一定条件下可置换。 由于运动多样化，二者在一定条件下可置换。 配布：原动肌，拮抗肌， （二）配布：原动肌，拮抗肌，协同肌
（三）腱鞘：是套在长肌腱表面的鞘管，存在于活动性 腱鞘：是套在长肌腱表面的鞘管， 较大的部位。 较大的部位。 作用： 、使腱固定于一定的位置。 作用：1、使腱固定于一定的位置。 2、减少腱与骨面的摩擦。 、减少腱与骨面的摩擦。 ）：深筋膜增厚 结构：1、纤维层（腱纤维鞘）：深筋膜增厚 、纤维层（腱纤维鞘）： 形成 的骨性纤维性管道对肌腱 起滑车和约束作用。 起滑车和约束作用。 2、滑膜层（腱滑膜鞘）：纤维鞘内，由滑 ）：纤维鞘内 、滑膜层（腱滑膜鞘）：纤维鞘内， 膜构成，分脏壁两层。 膜构成，分脏壁两层。 1）脏层：包于肌腱的表面。 ）脏层：包于肌腱的表面。 2） 壁层：纤维层内面和骨面 ） 壁层： 两层间含少量滑液
人体 解 剖 学 Human anatomy
肌
学
总 论 ）：运动系统中叙述的肌均属横纹肌 肌（muscle）：运动系统中叙述的肌均属横纹肌，附着 ）：运动系统中叙述的肌均属横纹肌， 于骨，在神经系统的支配和调节下， 于骨，在神经系统的支配和调节下，可 随人的意志而收缩， 随人的意志而收缩，所以又称为骨骼肌 或随意肌。 或随意肌。 分类： 一、分类： 按形态分： （一）按形态分： 1、长肌：肌腹呈梭形，两端腱较细小，全肌 、长肌：肌腹呈梭形，两端腱较细小， 呈索条状，多分布于四肢。 呈索条状，多分布于四肢。 2、短肌：短小，多分布于躯干深层。 、短肌：短小，多分布于躯干深层。 3、扁肌（阔肌）：呈板状，多分布于胸腹 壁。 ）：呈板状 、扁肌（阔肌）：呈板状， 4、轮匝肌：呈环形，分布于口和眼周围，收 、轮匝肌：呈环形，分布于口和眼周围， 缩时关闭口和睑裂。 缩时关闭口和睑裂。
人体解剖学(英文版)课件
MiHcruomscaonpiacnAantoamtoymiys the science Cytology Histology
of the normal structures of the hGurmosasnAbnoadtoym. y
3. History 历史
解剖学是一门历史悠久的科学，古希腊（公元前500-300年） 著名的哲学家希波克拉底 (Hippocrates) 和亚里斯多德 (Aristotle) 都进行过 动物实地解剖，第一部解剖学著作当推盖伦 (Galen，公元130-201年)的 《医经》; 文艺复兴时代，维扎里 (A. Vesalius, 1514-1564)完成了《人体 构造》的巨著，成为现代人体解剖学的奠基人。19世纪意大利学者高尔 基 (Camello Golgi,1843-1926) 和西班牙人卡哈 (Rom’on Y cajal,1852-1934) 建立了镀银浸染神经原纤维法，从而成为神经解剖学公认的两位创始人。 我国公元前300～200《黄帝内经》已有对人体解剖的记载。神医华陀深 通解剖，他甚至能够完成脑外科手术。
5. General structures of human body 人体构成
Innumerable cells 细胞
Tissues 组织 (epithelial, connective,muscular ,nervous)
Organs 器官
Systems 系统
The human body Formed by 9 systems： 九大系统
⑶ Clinical anatomy 临床解剖学
It incorporates the regional and systematic approaches and stresses clinical applications (e.g., surgical anatomy, X-ray anatomy, and sectional anatomy).
1.英汉人体解剖学基本词汇(850词)
The English—Chinese Basic Glossary of Human Anatomy英汉人体解剖学基本词汇systematic anatomy系统解剖学regional anatomy（topographic anatomy）局部解剖学anatomical position解剖学姿势superior上inferior下anterior前posterior后medial内侧lateral外侧superficial浅deep深internal 内external外proximal近侧distal远侧vertical axis垂直轴sagittal axis矢状轴coronal axis(frontal axis）冠状轴(额状轴）sagittal plane矢状面coronal plane（frontal plane）冠状面（额状面）horizontal plane（transverse plane）水平面（横切面）I.Locomotor System运动系统1.Bony System （Osteology）骨学long bone长骨short bone短骨flat bone扁骨irregular bone不规则骨sesamoid bone籽骨compact bone（dense bone)骨密质cancellous bone（spongy bone）骨松质diploe板障periosteum骨膜bone marrow骨髓(1）Bones of Trunk躯干骨vertebrae椎骨cervical vertebrae颈椎thoracic vertebrae胸椎lumbar vertebrae腰椎sacrum骶骨coccyx尾骨axis枢椎vertebra prominens隆椎sternum胸骨rib肋骨costal cartilage肋软骨（2)Skull颅frontal bone额骨ethmoid bone筛骨sphenoid bone蝶骨parietal bone顶骨temporal bone颞骨occipital bone枕骨maxilla上颌骨zygomatic bone颧骨palatine bone腭骨nasal bone鼻骨lacrimal bone泪骨inferior nasal concha下鼻甲vomer犁骨mandible下颌骨hyoid bone舌骨(3)Bones of Upper Limb上肢骨clavicle锁骨scapula肩胛骨humerus肱骨ulna尺骨radius桡骨scaphoid bone手舟骨lunate bone月骨triquetral bone三角骨pisiform bone豌豆骨trapezium bone大多角骨trapezoid bone小多角骨capitate bone头状骨hamate bone钩骨metacarpal bones掌骨phalanges指骨(4）Bones of Lower Limb下肢骨hip bone髋骨ilium髂骨ischium坐骨pubis耻骨femur股骨tibia胫骨fibula腓骨talus距骨calcaneus跟骨navicular bone足舟骨medial cuneiform bone内侧楔骨intermediate cuneiform bone中间楔骨lateral cuneiform bone外侧楔骨cuboid bone骰骨metartarsal bones跖骨phalanges of toes趾骨2。
解剖学英语词汇Anatomy Words
1. locomotor system [动] 运动系统2. osteology [,ɒstɪ'ɒlədʒɪ] n. [解剖] 骨学3. trunk [trʌŋk] n. 树干；躯干；象鼻4. arthrology [ɑ:'θrɔlədʒi] n. 关节学5. cranial bones 颅骨6. cranial ['kreɪnɪəl] adj. 头盖的7. myology [maɪ'ɒlədʒɪ] n. 肌肉学；肌肉系统8. alimentary system [解剖] 消化系统9. alimentary [ælɪ'ment(ə)rɪ] adj. 滋养的；食物的10. respiratory system [解剖] 呼吸系统11. respiratory [rɪ'spɪrət(ə)rɪ; 'resp(ə)rət(ə)rɪ; rɪ'spaɪ-]呼吸的| 呼吸道| 呼吸系统12. urinary system [解剖] 泌尿系统13. urinary ['jʊərɪn(ə)rɪ] n. 尿壶；小便池（等于urinal）adj. 尿的；泌尿的14. reproductive [,riːprə'dʌktɪv] adj. 生殖的；再生的；复制的15. peritoneum [,perɪtə'niːəm] n. 腹膜16. angiology [,ændʒɪ'ɒlədʒɪ] [解剖] 血管学；脉管学17. artery ['ɑːtərɪ] n. 动脉；干道；主流18. vein [veɪn] 静脉| 血管| 矿脉19. lymphatic system [解剖] 淋巴系统Lymphatic system: 淋巴系统| 淋巴系| 淋巴体系20. lymphatic [lɪm'fætɪk] n. 淋巴管；淋巴腺adj. 淋巴的；含淋巴的21. vestibulocochlear organ: 前庭蜗器22. vestibulocochlear 前庭蜗神经23. spinal cord [解剖] 脊髓| 脊椎| 脊24. spinal ['spaɪn(ə)l] 脊髓| 脊柱| 脊骨的25. cord [kɔːd] n. 绳索；束缚vt. 用绳子捆绑26. brain stem 脑干27. stem [stem] 阻止| 干；茎| 科学28. cerebellum [,serɪ'beləm] n. [解剖] 小脑29. diencephalon [,daɪen'sef(ə)lɒn; -'kef-] n. [解剖] 间脑；中脑30. telencephalon [,telen'sef(ə)lɒn; -'kef-; ,tiːlen'sef(ə)l ɒn; -'kef-] n. 终脑，[胚] 端脑31. meninges [mɪ'nɪndʒiːz] n. 脑膜；髓膜；脑脊膜32. peripheral [pə'rɪf(ə)r(ə)l] adj. 外围的；次要的33. visceral ['vɪs(ə)r(ə)l] adj. 内脏的；出于本能的；发自肺腑的34. endocrine gland n. [解剖] 内分泌腺35. endocrine ['endə(ʊ)kraɪn; -krɪn] 内分泌；内分泌物| 激素的36. regional anatomy [解剖] 局部解剖学37. thorax ['θɔːræks] n. [解剖] 胸，胸部；胸腔38. abdomen ['æbdəmən; æb'dəʊmən] n. 腹部；下腹；腹腔39. pelvic ['pelvɪk] adj. 骨盆的40. perineum [,perɪ'niːəm] n. [解剖] 会阴41. vertebral ['vɜːtɪbrəl] adj. 脊椎的；椎骨的；由椎骨组成的42. histology [hɪ'stɒlədʒɪ] n. 组织学43. embryology [,embrɪ'ɒlədʒɪ] n. [胚] 胚胎学44. Epithelial Tissue 上皮组织45. epithelial [,epɪ'θiːlɪəl] adj. [生物] 上皮的；皮膜的46. connective tissue proper [组织] 固有结缔组织47. connective tissue n. [基医] 结缔组织48. proper ['prɒpə] adj. 适当的；特有的；正派的49. cartilage ['kɑːt(ɪ)lɪdʒ] n. 软骨；软骨组织50. endocrine system [解剖] 内分泌系统51. digestive tract 消化道；消化系统52. placenta [plə'sentə] n. [胚] 胎盘；[植] 胎座53. fetal membrane [胚] 胎膜54. fetal ['fiːt(ə)l] adj. 胎的，胎儿的55. sternum ['stɜːnəm] n. [解剖] 胸骨56. maxilla [mæk'sɪlə] n. [解剖] 上颌骨，上颌57. mandible ['mændɪb(ə)l] n. 下颌骨58. clavicle ['klævɪk(ə)l] n. [解剖] 锁骨59. humerus ['hjuːm(ə)rəs] n. 肱骨| 肱60. radius ['reɪdɪəs] n. 半径[解剖] 桡骨61. hip bone [解剖] 髋骨，坐骨62. Ilium ['ɪlɪəm] 髂骨63. ischium ['ɪskɪəm] n. [解剖] 坐骨64. pubis ['pjuːbɪs] n. 耻骨；前胸侧部65. femur ['fiːmə] n. [解剖] 股骨；大腿骨66. tibia ['tibiə] n. [解]胫骨；胫节（昆虫）67. diaphragm ['daɪəfræm] n. 隔膜；快门68. lingua ['liŋɡwə] n. 舌；似舌的器官69. parotid [pə'rɒtɪd] n. 腮腺；耳下腺70. pharynx ['færiŋks] n. [解]咽71. esophagus [iː'sɒfəɡəs] n. [解剖] 食管；食道72. intestine [ɪn'testɪn] n. 肠73. duodenum [,djuːə'diːnəm] n. [解剖] 十二指肠74. jejunum [dʒɪ'dʒuːnəm] n. [解剖] 空肠75. ileum ['ɪlɪəm] n. [解剖] 回肠76. vermix 阑尾77. colon ['kəʊlən] n. [解剖] 结肠；冒号78. rectum ['rektəm] n. 直肠79. gallbladder ['ɡɔːl,blædə] n. [解剖] 胆囊80. pancreas ['pæŋkrɪəs] n. [解剖] 胰腺81. paranasal sinuses n. 鼻旁窦82. paranasal [,pærə'neizəl] adj. 鼻旁的；鼻侧的83. sinuses ['saɪnɜ:sɪs] n. 鼻窦；鼻窦炎84. sinus ['saɪnəs] n. [生物] 窦；静脉窦85. larynx ['lærɪŋks] n. [解剖] 喉；咽喉86. trachea [trə'kiːə; 'treɪkɪə] n.气管87. ureter [jʊ'riːtə; 'jʊərɪtə] n. 输尿管88. bladder ['blædə] n. 膀胱；囊状物89. epididymis [,epɪ'dɪdɪmɪs] n. [解剖] 附睾90. ovary ['əʊv(ə)rɪ] n. [解剖] 卵巢91. oviduct ['əʊvɪdʌkt] n. [解剖] 输卵管92. uterine ['juːtərɪn; -aɪn] adj. [解剖] 子宫的93. uterine tube [解剖] 输卵管94. womb [wuːm] n. [解剖] 子宫；发源地95. uterus ['juːt(ə)rəs] n. [解剖] 子宫96. cardiac ['kɑːdɪæk] adj. 心脏的97. pericardium [,perɪ'kɑːdɪəm] n. [解剖] 心包；心包膜98. pulmonary ['pʌlmən(ə)rɪ] adj. 肺的99. aorta [eɪ'ɔːtə] n. [解剖] 主动脉100. carotid [kə'rɒtɪd] n. 颈动脉；颈动脉的。
解剖学英汉名称对照..
(一)解剖学分类(Classification of Anatomy) anatomy 解剖学human anatomy, anthropotomy 人类解剖学systematic anatomy 系统解剖学regional (topographic) anatomy, topology 局部解剖学gross (macroscopic) anatomy 大体解剖学，巨视解剖学microscopic anatomy 显微解剖学macro-microscopic anatomy 巨- 微解剖学sectional anatomy 断面解剖学pathological (morbid) anatomy 病理解剖学neuroanatomy 神经解剖学chemical neuroanatomy 化学解剖学developmental anatomy 发生(或发育) histologic anatomy 组织解剖学histology 组织学embryology 胚胎学anthropology 人类学(二)一般解剖学术语(General Anatomical Terms) dissection，dissect (v.) 解剖，解剖标本normality ，normal (a.) 正常abnormality , abnormal 异常variation 变异deformity, malformation 畸形specimen 标本model 模型(三)方位术语(Positional Terms)1. anatomical position 解剖学姿势2. 方位术语(terms of direction) superior, upper 上inferior, lower 下anterior 前侧posterior 后侧ventral (dorsal) 腹(背) 侧medial (lateral) 内(外) 侧intermediate 中间internal, interior, inner, inside 内external, exterior, outer, outside 外superficial 浅deep, profound 深proximal (distal) 近(远)侧ulnar (radial) 尺(桡)侧tibial (fibular) 胫(腓)侧palmar 掌侧plantar 足底left 左right 右middle 中median 正中3. 轴和面(Axes and Planes) axis (pl. axes),axial (a.) 轴vertical (perpendicular) axis, longitudinal axis 垂直轴, 纵轴coronal (frontal) axis 冠(额) 状轴sagittal axis 矢状轴plane (平)面horizontal (transverse) plane 水平面, 横平面coronal (frontal) plane 冠(额) 状面sagittal plane 矢状面median sagittal plane 正中矢状面transverse section 横切面longitudinal section 纵切面(四)人体的分部和分区(Toponym and Zonation of the Human body)1. 头(Head) head头(的)Skull ，craniun，cranial (a.) 颅front, frontal, region 额区perietal region 顶区occiput, occipital region 枕区Face, facial (a.) 面orbit, orbital region 眶区nose, nasal region 鼻区mouth, oral region 口区chin, mental region 颌区ear, auditory region 耳区2. 颈(Neck) neck, collum, cervical & jugular (a.) 颈anterior region of neck, anterior of neck 颈前区carotid triangle 颈动脉三角muscular triangle 肌三角,肩胛舌骨肌sternocleidomastoid region 胸锁乳突肌区supraclavicular triangle 锁骨上三角posterior region of neck, nuchal region 颈后区,项区nape, nucha, nuchal (a.) 项root of neck 颈根部3. 躯干(Trunk) trunk, truncus 躯干Median anterior line 前正中线sternal line 胸骨线parasternal line 胸骨旁线midclavicular line 锁骨中线anterior (posterior) axillary line 腋前(后) 线midaxillary line 腋中线scapular line 肩胛线median posterior line 后正中线Back, dorsal 背vertebral region 脊柱区sacral region 骶区scapular region 肩胛下区lumbar region 腰Chest, thorax, thoracic (a.) 胸sternal region 胸骨(前)区infraclavicular fossa 锁骨下窝Abdomen, abdominal (a.) 腹Hypochondriac 季肋区epigastric region 腹上区lateral region of abdomem 腹外侧区umbilical region 脐区inguinal region, iliac region, 腹股沟区，髂区inguinal triangle 腹股沟三角，海氏三角pubic region, hypogastric region 耻区，腹下区Pelvis,pelvic(a. ) 盆部Perineum,perineal (a.) 会阴anal region 肛区urogenital region 尿生殖区4. 四肢(Limbs) limbs, extremities 四肢Upper limbs (extremities) 上肢Shoulder 肩axilla, axillary region 腋区Free upper limb 自由上肢arm,brachial (a.) 臂anterior (posterior ) brachial region 臂前(后)区elbow, cubital, (a.) 肘forearm, antebrachial (a.) 前臂anterior (posterior ) antebrachial region 前臂前(后)区hand, manual (a.) 手wrist, carpal (a.) 腕palm, palmar, metacarpal (a.) 掌back (palm) of hand 手背(掌) finger, digital (a.) 手指thumb 拇指index finger 示指middle finger 中指ring finger 环指little finger 小指Lower limb 下肢hip, coxal (a.) 髋buttock, gluteal region 臀区Free lower limb 自由下肢anterior (posterior) region of thigh 股前(后)区femoral triangle 股三角medial region of thigh 股内侧区knee, geniculate (a.) 膝anterior (posterior) region of knee 膝前(后)区leg, crural (a.) 小腿anterior (posterior) crural region 小腿前(后)区foot, pedal (a.) 足dorsum of foot 足背sole, planta (pl. plantae)足底toes 足趾great toe 足母趾二、各章解剖学词汇* ( 一) 运动系统(Locomotor System) 1．骨学(Osteology )(1)概述t I l=ft 八、/;osteology 骨学* bone，bony 骨skeleton，skletal (a.) 骨骼long (short，flat) bone 长( 短，扁)骨irregular bone 不规则骨pneumatic bone 含气骨sesamoid bone 籽骨，shaft，diaphysis 骨干，骨体bony(osseous)substance 骨质compact(spongy)bone 骨密(松)质trabeculae 骨小梁periosteum (外)膜endosteum 骨内膜medullary 髓腔red(yellow)bone marrow 红(黄)骨髓( 2)中轴骨骼(Axial Skeleton) 躯干骨(Bones of Trunk) * Vertebral(spinel)column 脊柱* vertebral canal 椎管intervertebral foramen 椎间孔cervical (thoracic, lumbar, sacral) curvature 颈(胸，腰，骶)曲vertebra ( pl. vertebrae) 椎骨vertebral body (arch) 椎体(弓) pedicle of vertebral arch 椎弓根lamina of vertebral arch 椎弓板vertebral foramen 椎孔spinous process 棘突tran sverse process 横突superior (inferior) articular process 上(下) 关节突cervical vertebrae 颈椎atlas 寰椎axis 枢椎prominent vertebrae 隆椎thoracic vertebrae 胸椎lumbar vertebrae 腰椎sacrum,sacral bone 骶骨coccyx 尾骨thoracic cavity 胸腔superior (inferior) aperture of thorax 胸廓上下口costal arch 肋弓intercostals space 肋间隙infrasternal angle 胸骨下角* ribs ,costa(costae) 肋* sternum 胸骨Sternal manubrium 胸骨柄Sternal angle (body) 胸骨角(体)Xiphoid process 剑突颅骨(skull)cerebral cranium 脑颅cranial cavity 颅腔calvaria 颅盖pterion 翼点jugular foramen 颈静脉孔internal surface of base of skull 颅底内面anterior (middle,posterior) cranial fossa 颅前中，后)窝facial cranium 面颅orbit 眶bony nasal cavity 骨性鼻腔piriform aperture,anterior nasal aperture 梨状孔，鼻前孔posterior n asal aperture鼻后孑L bony septum of nose 骨鼻中隔superior (middle, inferior) meatus of nose 上(中,下)鼻道temporal fossa 颞窝zugomatic arch 颧弓infratemporal fossa 颞下窝pterygopalatine fossa 翼腭窝cranial fontaelles 颅囟anterior (posterior) fontanelle 前(后)囟anterolateral (posterolateral) fontanelle 前(后)外侧囟cranial bones 脑颅骨occipital bone 枕骨large foramen of occipital bone 枕骨大孑exter nal occipital protubera nee 枕夕卜隆凸superior (inferior) nuchal line 上(下)项线sulcus for transverse sinus, transverse sulcus 横窦沟sphenoid bone 蝶骨hypophyseal fossa 垂体窝optic canal 视神经管round (oval,spinous)foramen 圆(卵圆，棘) 孑temporal bone 颞骨petrous part 岩部mastoid process 乳突carotid canal 颈动脉管tympanic tegmen 鼓室盖arcuate eminence 弓状隆起trigeminal impression 三叉神经压迹internal acoustic pore (port) 内耳门internal acoustic meatus (canal) 内耳道jugular fossa 颈静脉窝styloid process 茎突stylomastoid foramen 茎乳孔facial canal 面神经管external acoustic pore (canal ) 外耳门(道) parietal,parietal bone 顶骨parietal tuber (foramen) 顶结节(孔) frontal bone 额骨frontal squama (tuber) 额鳞(结节) superciliary arch 眉弓supraorbital notch (foramen) 眶上切迹fossa for lacrimal gland 泪腺窝ethmoid bone 筛骨cribriform plate (foramen) 筛板(孔) facial bones 面颅骨inferior nasal concha 下鼻甲lacrimal bone 泪骨n asal bone 鼻骨vomer 梨骨* maxilla 上颌骨palatine bone 腭骨zygomatic bone 颧骨* mandible 下颌骨ramous(angle) of mandible 下颌支(角) masseteric tuberosity 咬肌粗隆coronoid process 冠突condylar process 髁突hyoid bone 舌骨( 3)附肢骨骼(Appendicular skeleton) shoulder girdle 上肢带骨，肩带骨scapula 肩胛骨acromion 肩峰superior(medial,lateral)border 上(下，外侧) 缘coracoid process 喙突superior (inferior, lateral) angle 上(下，外侧) 角glenoid cavity 关节盂* clavicle 锁骨bones of free upper limb 自由上肢骨* Humerus 肱骨head of humerus 肱骨头anatomical(surgical)neck 解剖(外科)颈greater(lesser)tubercle 大(小)结节crest ofgreater(lesser)tubercle 大(小)结节嵴sulcus (groove)for radial n. 桡神经沟deltoid tuberosity 三角肌粗隆trochlea of humerus 肱骨滑车olecranon (coronoid, radial) fossa 鹰嘴(冠突，桡) 窝medial (lateral) epicondyle 内(外)上髁sulcus for ulnar nerve 尺神经沟* radius 桡骨head (neck) of radius 桡骨头( 颈) articularcircumference 环状关节面radial tuberosity 桡骨粗隆interosseous border 骨间缘styloid process 茎突ulnal notch 尺切迹carpal articular surface 腕关节面* uana 尺骨olecranon 鹰嘴coronoid process 冠突ulnal tuberosity 尺骨粗隆trochleal(radial)notch 滑车(桡)切迹head of ulna 尺骨头bones of hand 手骨carpal bones 腕骨scaphoid bone 手舟骨lunate bone 月骨triangular bone 三角骨pisiform bone 豌豆骨trapezium bone 大多角骨trapezoid bone 小多角骨capitate bone 头状骨hamate bone 钩骨hamulus (hook) of hamate bone 钩骨钩Metacarpal bones 掌骨phalanges(bones) of fingers 指骨proximal (middle, distal) phalanx 近(中，远) 指(或趾)骨下肢骨(Bones of lower limb) pelvic girdle 下肢带骨，盆带骨* hip bone 髋骨acetabulum 髋臼acetabular fossa (notch) 髋臼窝(切迹) obturator foramen 闭孔* Ilium 髂骨body (ala) of ilium 髂骨体(翼) arcuate line 弓状线iliac crest 髂嵴Tubercle 髂结节Anterior superior (inferior) iliac spine 髂前上(下) 棘Posterior superior (inferior) iliac spine 髂后上(下)棘Iliac fossa 髂窝Auricular surface 耳状面Iliac tuberosity 髂粗隆* Ischium 坐骨Greater (lesser) sciatic notch 坐骨大( 小)切迹* Pubis 耻骨Symphsial surface 耻骨联合面superior (inferior) ramus of pubis 耻骨上下支ililopubic eminence 髂耻隆起pecten of pubis 耻骨梳bones of free lower limb 自由下肢骨* femur 股骨fovea of femoral head 股骨头凹head (neck) of femur 股骨头( 颈) greater (lesser) trochanter 大小转子intertrochanteric line 转子间线intertrochanteric crest 转子间嵴linea aspera,rough line of femur 粗线pectineal line 耻骨肌线gluteal tuberosity 臀肌粗隆popliteal surface 腘面medial (lateral) condyle 内( 外)侧髁adductor tubercle 收肌结节intercondylar fossa 髁间窝medial (lateral) epicondyle 内外上髁patella 髌骨* tibia 胫骨intercondylar eminence 髁间隆起shaft (tuberosity) of tibia 胫骨体粗隆soleal line 比目鱼肌线medial (lateral) malleolus 内外髁Fibula,perone 腓骨bones of foot 足骨tarsal bones 跗骨talus 距骨calcaneus 跟骨navicular bone 足舟骨medial cuneiform bone 内侧楔骨lateral cuneiform bone 中间楔骨intermediate cuneiform bone 内侧楔骨cuboid bone 骰骨metatarsal bones 跖骨phalanges (bones) of toes 趾骨2．关节学(arthrology)(1)概述synosteology 关节学，关节解剖学articulation 连结，关节joint 关节，连结synovial joints 滑膜关节fibrous 纤维连结syndesmosis 韧带连结suture 缝cartilaginous joints 软骨连结synchondrosis (pl. synchondroses) (透明软骨) 结合symphysis (pl.symphyses)纤维软骨)联合syno stosis (pl. syno stoses syno steosis)骨性结合articular surface (cavity) 关节面(腔) articular disk 关节盘articular labrum 关节唇articular capsule 关节囊fibrous layer (membrane) 纤维层，纤维膜synovial layer (membrane) 滑膜层，滑膜synovial fold (villi) 滑膜襞synovial fluid 滑液ligament (lig.) 韧带extracapsular lig. 囊外韧带intracapsular lig. 囊内韧带Action 动作，作用flexion,flexor (m.),flex (v.) 屈extension,extensor (m.), extense (v.) 伸adduction,addutor (m.), adduct (v.) 收abduction,abdutor (m.), abduct (v.) 展Medial (lateral) rotation 旋内(外) pronation,pronator (m.), pronate (v.) 旋前supination, supinator(m.), supinate(v.) 旋后circumduction 环转运动( 2)中轴骨骼的连结(Joints of the Axial Skeleton) vertebral joints 椎骨连结yellow lig. 黄韧带ionterspinous lig. 棘间韧带intertransverse lig. 横突间韧带supraspinous lig. 棘上韧带Intervertebral symphysis 椎间联合interverbral discs 椎间盘Fibrous rings 纤维环Pulpiform nucleus 髓核Anterior longitudinal 前纵韧带Posterior longitudinal 前后韧带Zygapophysial joint 关节突关节Lumbosacral joint 腰骶连结Costovertebral joints 肋椎关节Joint of costal head 肋头关节Costotransverse joint 肋横突关节Sternocostal joints 胸肋关节Cranial suture 颅缝Coronal (sagittal) suture 冠矢状缝Lambdoid suture 人字缝Synchondroses of cranium 颅结合Temporomandibular joint 颞下颌关节 ( 3)附肢骨骼的连结(Joints of the Appendicular Skeleton) joints of shoulder girdle 上肢带连结coracoacromial lig. 喙间韧带Coracoclavicular lig. 喙锁韧带Acromioclavicular joint 肩锁关节Sternoclavicular joint 胸锁关节Joints of free upper limb 自由上肢连结Shoulder joint 肩关节Elbow joint 肘关节Humeroulnar joint 肱尺关节Humeroradial joint 肱桡关节Joints of hand 手关节Radiocarpal joint ,wrist joint 桡腕关节，腕关节Intercarpal joints 腕骨间关节Carpometacarpal joints 腕掌关节Carpometacarpal joint of thumb 拇指腕掌关节Intermetacarpal joints 掌骨间关节Metacarpophalangeal joints 掌指关节Interphalangeal joints of hand 指骨间关节Joints of pelvic girdle 下肢带连结Pubic symphysis 耻骨联合Interpubic disc耻骨间盘Obturator membrane 闭孔膜Sacroiliac joints 骶髂关节Sacrotuberous lig. 骶结节韧带Greater (lesser) sciatic foramen 坐骨大( 小)孔Pelvis 骨盆Terminal line 界线Greater (lesser) pelvis 大小骨盆Superior (posterior) pelvic aperture 骨盆上下口Pubic arch 耻骨弓Subpubic angle 耻骨下角Pelvic cavity 骨盆腔Joints of free lower limb 自由下肢连结Hip joint 髋关节Transverse acetabular lig. 髋臼横韧带Ligament of head of femur 股骨头韧带Knee joint 膝关节Medial (lateral) meniscus 内外侧半月板Transverse lig.of knee 膝横韧带Anterior cruciate lig. 前交叉韧带Posterior cruciate lig. 后交叉韧带Fibular (tibial) collateral lig. 腓(胫)侧副韧带Ligament of patella 髌韧带Tibiofibular joint 胫腓关节Tibiofibular syndesmosis 胫腓连结Crural interosseous membrane 小腿骨间膜Joints of foot 足关节talocrural joint, ankle joint 距小腿关节，踝关节intertarsal joints 跗骨间关节subtalar joint, talocalcaneal joint 距下关节，距跟关节transverse tarsal joint 跗横关节talocalcaneonavicular joint 距跟舟关节tarsometatarsal joint 跗跖关节intermetatarsal joints 跖骨间关节metatarsophalangeal joint 跖趾关节interphalangeal joints of foot 跖骨间关节arch of foot, tarsometatarsal arch 足弓，跗跖弓medial (lateral) longitudinal arch 内(外) 侧纵弓transverse arch 横弓3. 肌学(myology)(1)概述muscle (m.) 肌肉cardiac muscle 心肌smooth muscle 平滑肌skeletal muscle 骨骼肌long (short, broad, flat) muscle 长(短，阔，扁) 肌orbicular muscle 轮匝肌sphincter 括约肌dilator, dilatator 开大肌venter (belly) 肌腹tendon 腱aponeurosis 腱膜origin 起点，固定点insertion 止点，动点accessory (subservient) structure 辅助结构tendinous sheath 腱鞘synovial sheath of tendon 滑膜腱鞘fascia 筋膜superficial (deep) fascia 浅( 深)筋膜synovial bursa 滑膜囊subcutaneous tissue (fat) 皮下组织(脂肪) ( 2)躯干肌(Muscles of Trunk) muscles of back 背肌trapezius m. 斜方肌broadest m. of back 背阔肌erector spinal m. 竖脊肌muscles of neck 颈肌platysma m. 颈阔肌sternocleidomastoid m. 胸锁乳突肌anterior (middle, posterior) scalene m. 前中后斜角肌scalene fissure 斜角肌suprahyoid muscles 舌骨上肌群infrahyoid muscles 舌骨下肌群thoracic m. 胸肌greater (lesser) pectoral m. 胸大(小)肌anterior serratus m. 前锯肌thoracic proper m. 胸固有肌external intercostal m. 肋间外肌internal intercostal m. 肋间内肌external (internal) intercostals membrane 肋间外( 内)膜transverse m. of thorax 胸横肌intimate intercostal m. 肋间最内肌* diaphragm 膈central tendon 中心腱aortic hiatus 主动脉裂孔esophageal hiatus 食管裂孔hiatus of vena cave 腔静裂孔abdominal m. 腹肌abdominal rectus m., straight m. of abdomen 腹直肌sheath of rectus m. 腹直肌鞘external (internal) oblique m. of abdomen 腹外(内) 斜肌inguinal lig. 腹股沟韧带superficial (deep) inguinal ring 腹股沟浅环transverse m. of abdomen 腹横肌inguinal canal 腹股沟管(2)头肌(Muscles of Head)Facial m. 面肌epicranial m. 颅顶肌occipitofrontal m. 枕额肌frontal(occipital)belly 额(枕)腹epicra nial apon eurosis,galea apon eurotica 帽状腱膜orbicuaal m. of eye 眼轮匝肌orbicular m. of mouth 口轮匝肌bucc in ator,bucci nator m.颊肌masticatory m.咀嚼肌masseter m 咬肌(3)上肢肌(Muscles of Upper Limb) muscles of shoulder girdle 上肢带肌,肩带肌deltoid m. 三角肌muscles of arm 臂肌brachial biceps (triceps) m. 肱二(三)头肌anconeus m. 肘肌round pron ator m.旋前圆肌radial (ulnar)flexor m. of wrist 桡(尺)侧腕屈肌long palmar m.掌长肌superficial (deep)fleaor m. of fingers 指浅(深)屈肌long flexor m, of thumb 拇长屈肌quadrate pronator m. brachioradialis 旋前方肌brachioradial m., brachioradialis 肱桡肌long (short)radial extensor carpal m. 桡侧腕长(短)伸肌extensor m. of fingers 指伸肌extensor m. of lesser finger 小指伸肌ulnar extensor m. of wrist 尺侧腕伸肌supinator m. 旋后肌long abductor (extensor) m. of thumb 拇长展(伸)肌short extensor m. of thumb 拇短伸肌extensor m. of index finger 示指伸肌muscles of hand 手肌short abductor (flexor ) m. of thumb 拇短展(屈)肌opposing m. of thumb 拇对掌肌abductor (opposing) m. of little finger 小指展(对掌)肌lumbrrical m. 蚓状肌palmar (dorsal)interosseous m骨间掌(背)侧肌(4)下肢肌(muscles of lower limb) muscles of hip 髋肌iliopsoas m.髂腰肌iliac m. 髂肌greater psoas m腰大肌greatest (middle, least) gluteal m .臀大(中，小)肌ten sor m. of broad fascia 阔筋膜张肌pririform m. 梨状肌in ternal obturator m.闭孑L内肌exter nal obturator m.闭孑L夕卜肌quadrate m. of thigh 股方肌muscles of thigh 大腿肌sartorius m. 缝匠肌quadriceps m. lfthigh 股四头肌pectineal m. 耻骨肌slender m. gracile m 股薄肌.Ion g(short)adductor m.长短收肌great adductor m.大收肌biceps m. of thigh 股二头肌semiterninous m. 半腱肌semimembra nous m半膜肌muscles of leg 小腿肌anterior (posterior)tibial m. 胫骨前后肌long extensor m. of digits 趾长伸肌long este nsor m. If great toe 拇长伸肌long(short)peroneal 腓骨长短肌triceps m. of calf 小腿三头肌gastroc nemius m 腓肠肌soleus m上匕目鱼肌tendon of heel 跟腱long flexor m. of toe 趾长伸肌long flexor m. of great toe 拇长屈肌muscles of foot 足肌broad fascia 阔筋膜iliotibial tract 髂筋束adductor tendinous opening, adductor hiatus 收肌腱裂孔adductor canal 收肌管muscular lacuna 肌腔隙iliopectineal arch 髂耻弓vascular lacuna 血管腔隙femoral triangle(sheath) 股三角(鞘) femoral canal(ring) 股管(环) saphe nous hiatus, oral fossa 隐静脉裂孔，卵圆窝malleolar canal 踝管二、内脏学(Splanchnology)* (一)消化系统(Digestive System) digestive system ，alimentary system 消化系统internal organ ，splanchna ，viscera 内脏splanchnology 内脏学digestive apparatus 消化器digestive canal 消化管1. 上消化道Superior Digestive TractMouth 口Oral cavity ，mouth cavity 口腔Hard (soft) palate 硬(软)腭Gum 牙龈Sublingual caruncle 舌下阜Sublingual fold 舌下襞Papilla of parotid duct 腮腺管乳头Oral glands 口腔腺Major salivary glands 大唾液腺Sublingual gland 舌下腺Major(minor)sublingual duct 舌下腺大(小)管Submandibular gland 下颌下腺Submandibular duct 下颌下腺管* Parotid gland 腮腺Parotid duct 腮腺管Tooth 牙Incisor teeth incisor 切牙Lateral (second) incisor 侧切牙Canine teeth 尖牙Premolor teeth 前磨牙molor teeth 磨牙* tongue, lingua 舌apex (dorsoum，root，body) of tongue 舌尖( 背，根，体) lingual mucous membrane 舌黏膜frenulum of tongue 舌系带papillae of tongue,lingual papillae 舌乳头filiformpapillae 丝状乳头fungiform papillae 菌状乳头vallate papillae 轮廓乳头foliate papillae 叶状乳头terminal sulcus 界沟foramen cecum of tongue 舌盲孔muscles of tongue 舌肌genioglossus m 颏舌肌* pharynx 咽isthmus of fauces, fauces 咽峡palatine velum 腭帆palatine uvula,uvula 腭垂，悬雍垂palatoglossal arch 腭舌弓palatophary ngeal arch 腭咽弓palatine tonsil 腭扁桃体tonsillar fossa 扁桃体窝cavity (fornix) of pharynx 咽腔nasopharynx 鼻咽eustachia n cushi on, tubal torus 咽鼓管圆枕tonsillar ring 扁桃体环phary ngeal recess 卩因隐窝oropharynx 口咽laryngopharynx 喉因piriform recess 梨状隐窝* esophagus 食管，食道cervical (thoracic, abdominal) part of esophagus 食管颈(胸，腹)部* stomach 胃greater curvature of stomach 胃大弯lesser curvature of stomach胃小弯an gular (gastric) no tch 角切迹cardia, cardiac orifice 贲门cardiac part 贲门部fundus (body) of stomach 胃底cardiac notch (incisure) 贲门切迹pylorus,pyloric orifice 幽门pyloric part (canal, antrum) 幽门部(管，窦)* small intestine 小肠solitary lymphatic follicles 孤立淋巴滤泡aggregated lymphatic follicles 集合淋巴滤泡* duodenum 十二指肠ampulla,duodenal bulb 十二指肠球major(minor)duodenal papilla 十二指肠大(小)乳头duodinojejunal flexure 十二指肠空肠曲suspe nsory m.of duode num 十二指肠悬肌2. 下消化道(Inferior Digestive Tract)* jejunum 空肠* ileum 回肠* large intestine 大肠c(a)ecum 盲肠ileocecal valve(orifice) 回盲(瓣)口* vermix,vermiform appendix 阑尾* colon 结肠asce nding (tran sverse, desce nding) colon升(横，降)结肠right colic flexure,hepatic flexure 结肠右曲，肝曲left colic flexure,splenic flexure 结肠左曲，脾曲sigmoid colon 乙状结肠haustra of colon 结肠袋colic lig 结肠带epiploic appe ndices 肠脂垂* rectum 直肠sacral(perineal)flexure 骶(会阴)曲anal canal(column,sinus,valves肛管(柱，窦，瓣) ano rectal li ne 肛直肠线den tate lin e,a no cuta neous line齿状线，肛皮线anal pecte n,hemorrhoidal ring 肛梳anus肛门in ternal sph in cter m. of anus 肛门内括约肌3. 消化腺(Digestive Glands)* liver 肝diaphragmatic surface 月畐面visceral surface 脏面sulcus for vena cava 腔静脉沟fossa for gallbladder 胆囊窝round lig.of liver 肝圆韧带venous lig. (duct) 静脉韧带door of liver 肝门hepatic pedicle 肝蒂left (right) lobe 左(右)叶quadrate (caudate) lobe方(尾状)叶bile duct 胆管extrahepatic duct 肝夕卜胆道com mon hepatic duct 肝总管left (right) hepatic duct 肝左右管* gallbladder 胆囊fundus (body,neck) of gallbladder 胆囊底(体，颈) cystic duct 胆囊管common bile duct 胆总管hepatopa ncreatic ampulla 肝胰壶腹sph in cter m.of hepatopa ncreatic ampulla 肝胰壶腹括约肌* pan creas 胰uncin ate process钩突head(body,tail)of pancreas胰头(体，尾) pan creatic duct 胰管accessary pan creatic due副胰管(二)* 呼吸系统(Respiratory System) respiratory apparatus(organ) 呼吸器superior (inferior) respiratory tract 上(下) 呼吸道nose 鼻external nose 夕鼻root(back,apex,wing )of nose 鼻根(背，尖，翼) n asolabial groove 鼻唇沟n asal cartilage 鼻软骨naris (pl.nares )鼻孔posterior n asal apertures, choa na鼻后孑L nasal septum 鼻中隔n asal vestibule 鼻前庭proper n asal cavity 固有鼻腔sphe no ethmoidal recess蝶筛隐窝superior (middle, inferior )meatus of nose 上(中，下)鼻道* para nasal sinu ses鼻旁窦maxillary sinus 上颌窦sphenoidal (frontal, ethmoidal)sinus 蝶(额，筛)窦* larynx 喉laryn geal cartilages 喉软骨thyroid cartilage 甲状软骨cricoid cartilage 环状软骨arytenoid cartilage 勺状软骨epiglottic cartilage 会厌软骨laryn geal m.喉肌cricothyroid m. 环甲肌laryngeal cavity 喉腔laryngeal aperture 喉口epiglottis 会厌vestibule of larynx 喉前庭vestibular fold (slit ) 前庭襞(裂) intermediate cavity of larynx 喉中间腔ventricle of larynx 喉室glottis 声门slit of glottis 声门裂vocal fold 声带，声襞infraglottic cavity 声门下腔elastic cone弹性圆锥cricothyroid membrane 环甲膜vocal lig. 声韧带* trachea 气管cervial (thoracic )part 颈(胸)部tracheal cartilages 气管软骨bifurcation of trachea 气管杈cari na of trachea 气管隆嵴bronchus (pl.bronchi )支气管left (right ) principal bronchus 左(右)主支气管lobar bronchi 肺叶支气管segmental bronchi 肺段支气管* lung 肺apex (base) of lung 肺尖(底) costal (medial, diaphragmatic) surface肋(内侧，膈)面cardiac notch of left lung 左肺心切迹lingula of left lung 左肺小舌hilus (root)of lung 肺根(门) oblique fissure 斜裂horizontal dissure of right lung 右肺水平裂bron chopul monary sehme nts 支气管肺段superior (middle, inferior)lobe 上(中,下)叶thoracic (pleural)cavity 胸(胸膜)腔pleura 胸膜cupula of pleura,cervical pleura 胸膜顶visceral (parietal)pleura 脏(壁)胸膜mediastinal(costal,diaphragmatic)pleura 纵隔(肋，膈)胸膜pleural recesses胸膜隐窝costomediasti nal recess肋纵隔隐窝Mediastinum 纵隔Superior (inferior)mediastinum 上(下)纵隔Anterior (middle,posterior)mediastinum 前(中，后)纵隔(三)* 泌尿系统(Urinary System) urogenital system 泌尿生殖系统urinary organs 泌尿器* kidney 肾renal hilus (sinus, pedicle)肾门(窦，蒂) renal fascia 肾筋膜fatly (adipose) capsule 脂肪囊fibrous capsule 纤维囊ren al cortex (medulla)肾皮(髓)质renal pyramid 肾锥体renal papilla 肾乳头papillary foramen 乳头孔renal colu mns (pelvis)肾柱(盂) renal calices 肾盏major (minor) renal calices 肾大(小)盏* ureter 输尿管* bladder，urinary bladder 膀胱apex(body，fundus, neck)of bladder 膀胱尖(体，底，颈) trigone of bladder，vesical trigone 膀胱三角interureteric ridge 输尿管间襞orifice of ureter 输尿管口internal urethral orifice 尿道内口female urethra 女尿道(四)* 生殖系统(Reproductive System) reproductive system，genital system 生殖系统male(female)ge nital organs 男女性生殖器internal(external)genital organs 内(夕卜)生殖器1. 男性生殖器(Male Genital Organs) testicle，testis 睾丸* epididymis 附睾defere ntial (spermatic)duct 输精管ejaculatory duct 射精管seminal vesicle 精囊精囊腺spermatic cord 精索cremasteric m. 提睾肌prostate 前列腺apex (base body, sulcus) of prostate前列腺尖(底，体，沟)bulbourethral gland 尿道球腺penis 阴茎prepuce of penis 阴茎包皮bulb of urethra 尿道球male urethra 男尿道prostatic part 前歹U腺咅 B seminal colliculus 精阜membra nous part 膜咅B subpubic curvature 耻骨下弯prepubic curvature 耻骨前弯scrotum 阴囊dartos coat，dartos 肉膜2. 女性生殖器(female Genital Organs)* ovary 卵巢* uterine tube，oviduct 输卵管* Womb, uterus 子宫Fundus of uterus 子宫底(体) Isthmrs of uterus 子宫峡(角) Neck of uterus, cervix 子宫颈Orifice (cavity) of uterus 子宫口(腔) Canal of cervix of uterus 子宫颈管Round (broad ) lig. Of uterus 子宫圆(阔)韧带Cardinal lig. Of uterus 子宫主韧带Sacroluterine lig. 骶子宫韧带Vagina 阴道Female pudendum, vulva 女阴Mons pubis 阴阜Greater (lesser ) lip of pudendum 大(小)阴唇Vaginal vestibule 阴道前庭Vaginal orifice 阴道口3. 乳房，会阴(Mamma and perineum) Mamma(pl.mammae). breast 孚L头Mammary gland 乳腺Perineum 会阴Pelvic diaphragm 盆膈Urogenital diaphragm 尿生殖膈Sphin cter m. of urethra 尿道括约肌(五)腹膜(Peritoneum) Parietal(visceral) peritoneum 壁(脏)腹膜Abdominal cavity 腹腔Peritoneal cavity,greater sac 腹膜腔，大囊Ome nta bursa, lesser sac 网膜囊，小囊Omental foramen, epiploic foramen 网膜孔Mesentery 肠系膜Lesser ome ntum 小网膜Inguinal trigone 腹股沟三角rectouterine pouch 直肠子宫陷凹vesicouteri ne pouch膀胱子宫陷凹rectovesical pouch 直肠膀胱陷凹四、* 脉管系统(Vascular system)(一)概述vascular system, angiological system 脉管系统angiology 脉管学circulatory system 循环系统cardiovascular system 心血管系统* heart 心blood 血液vessel 管，脉管blood vessel 血管arteriole 小动脉arteriolovenular anastomsis 小静脉vein (v.) 静脉cutaneous v. 皮静脉superficial(deep) v. 浅(深)静脉accompanying v. 伴行动脉venule 小静脉venous valve 静脉瓣venous plexus(rete静脉丛(网) capillary 毛细管(二)心血管系统(Cardiovascular system) systemic circulation,greater circulation 体循环，大循环pulmonary (lesser) circulation 肺循环，小循环fetal circulation 胎血循环1.心(heart) cardiac apex(bace) 心尖(底) cardiac apical incisure 心尖切迹sternocostal(diaphragmatic) surface 胸肋(膈)面pulmonary surface 肺面right border 右缘left border, obtuse margin 左缘，钝缘inferior border, acute margin 下缘，锐缘anterior (posterior) interventricular groove 前(后)室间沟coronary sulcus 冠状沟atrioventricular junction 房室交点atrioventricular septum 房室膈* cardiac ventricle 心室interventricular septum 室间隔muscular (membranous ) part 肌(膜)部* cardiac atrium 心房left (right) auricle of heart 左( 右)心耳interatrial (interauricular) septum 房间膈left(right)atrioventricular orifice 左( 右)房室口cardiac m. 心肌pectin ate m 梳状肌carbeous trabeculae 肉柱papillary m. 乳头肌tendinous cord 腱索fibrous skeleton 纤维支架left fibrous trigone 左纤维三角架right fibrous trigone, central fibrous body 左纤维三角left (right) fibrous ring 左(右)纤维环endocardium 心内膜right atrium 右心房limiting sulcus, terminal groove 界沟terminal crest 界嵴sinus of vena cava 腔静脉窦oval fossa (forame n)卵圆孑L border of ovalo fossa 卵圆窝缘orifice of superior 上(下)腔静脉口valve of inferior vena cava 下腔静脉瓣orifice(valve)of coronary sinus 冠状窦口right ventricle 右心室right atrioventricular valve, tricuspid valve 右房室瓣suprave ntricular crest 室上嵴arterial cone 动脉圆锥pulmonary orifice(valve) 肺动脉口(瓣) no dules of semil unar valves 半月瓣小节septomarginal trabecula 隔缘肉柱left atrium 左心房orifice of pulmonary v. 肺静脉口left ventricle 左心室left atrioventricular valve, vicuspid valve 左房室瓣，二尖瓣aortic orifice (valve) 主动脉口(瓣) conduction system of heart 心传导系统sinoatrial node 窦房结hinternodal tract 结间束atrioventricular node 房室结atrioventricular bundle 房室束 left (right) bundle branch 左(右)束支right coronary a. 右冠状动脉Left coronary a.左冠状动脉 anterior interventricular branch 前室间支ascending aorta 升主动脉* brachiocephalic trunk头臂干 * common carotid a. carotid sinus (bodies) * internal carotid a. * external carotid a. superior thyroid lingual (facial) a. occipital a. posterior auricular a. superficial temporal a. maxillary a. middle meningeal a. subclavicular a. vertebral a. axillary a.thoracoacromial a.lateral thoracic a.brachial a. radial a.deep palmar arch 掌深circumflex branchcardiac v.coronary sinus middle cardiac v. small cardiac v. * pericardium fibrouspericardium serouspericardium parietal layer visceral layer , epicardiumcavity of pericardium 2. 动脉 (Artery)* pulmonary trunkbifurcation of pulmonary trunkleft (right) pulmonary arterial duct (lig.) * aorta , 旋支 心静脉 冠状窦 心大静脉 心中静脉 心小静脉 心包 纤维心包 浆膜心包 壁层 脏层，心外膜 心包腔肺动脉干 肺动脉叉左（ 右）肺动脉动脉导管 （韧带 ） 主动脉颈总动脉颈动脉窦 （小球 ）颈内动脉 颈外动脉 甲状腺上动脉舌 （面）动脉 枕动脉 耳后动脉 颞浅动脉 上颌动脉脑膜中动脉 锁骨下动脉 椎动脉 腋动脉 胸肩峰动脉胸外侧动脉 肱动脉 桡动脉ulnar a. cubital articular rete superficial palmar arch掌浅弓common (proper) palmar digital a. 指掌侧总 (固有 ) 动脉 descending aorta 降主动脉* Thoracic aorta 胸主动脉posterior intercostal a. 肋间后动脉尺动脉 肘关节网subcostal a. 肋下动脉* Abdominal aorta 腹主动脉inferior phrenic a. median sacral a. lumbar a. c(o)eliac trunk left (right) gastric a. common hepatic a. proper hepatic a. cystic a. gastroduodenal a. left gastroepiploic a. right gastroepiploic a. splenic a. superior mesenteric a. jejunal a. ileal a. ileocolic a. appendicular a. right colic a. middle colic a. inferior mesenteric a. left colic a. sigmoid a. superior rectal a. renal a. testicular a. ovarian a. aortic bifurcation 膈下动脉骶正中动脉腰动脉腹腔干，腹腔动脉胃左（右）动脉肝总动脉肝固有动脉胆囊动脉胃十二指肠动脉胃网膜左动脉胃网膜右动脉脾动脉肠系膜上动脉空肠动脉回肠动脉回结肠动脉阑尾动脉右结肠动脉中结肠动脉肠系膜下动脉左结肠动脉乙状结肠动脉直肠上动脉肾动脉睾丸动脉卵巢动脉主动脉杈* common iliac a. 髂总动脉* internal iliac a. 髂内动脉* external iliac a. 髂外动脉iliolumbar a.髂腰动脉obturator a. 闭孔动脉superior (inferior) gluteal a. 臀上下动脉umbilical a. 脐动脉superior (inferior) vesical a. 膀胱上(下)子宫（阴道）动脉 直肠下动脉 阴部内动脉 肛动脉 会阴动脉 髂外动脉 腹壁下动脉 股动脉 腹壁浅动脉 阴部外动脉 腘动脉 膝关节网 胫前 （后 ） 动脉 腓动脉 足背动脉 足底内 （ 外） 侧动脉 Pulmonary v. 肺静脉right superior (inferior) pulmonary v.右上 (下 )肺静脉left superior (inferior) pulmonary v.左上 (下 )肺静脉 * superior vena cava 上腔静脉 right brachiocephalic v. 右头臂静脉left brachiocephalic v.左头臂静脉 innominate v.无名静脉 internal jugular v.颈内静脉 deep facial v.面深静脉 pterygoid venous plexus翼静脉丛 venous angle静脉角 anterior jugular v.颈前静脉 cephalic v.头静脉 basilic v.贵要静脉 median cubital v. 肘正中静脉median antebrachial v. 前臂正中静脉 dorsal venous network of hand 手背静脉网azygos v. 奇静脉hemiazygos v. 半奇静脉 accessory hemiazygos v. 副半奇静脉 ascending lumbar v. 腰升静脉 lumbar v. 腰静脉 vertebral venous plexus 椎静脉丛esophageal venous plexus 食管静脉丛 periumbilical venous network 脐周静脉网 * inferior vena cava 下腔静脉动脉uterine (vaginal) a. inferior rectal a. internal pudendal a. anal a. perineal a. external iliac a. inferior epigastric a. femoral a. superficial epigastric a. external pudendal a. popliteal a. genicular articular rete anterior (posterior) tibial a. peroneal a. dorsal pedal a. medial (lateral) plantar a. 3.静脉 (Vein)。
3.人体解剖学普通班掌握的专业词汇
人体解剖学普通班要求掌握的常用专业外语词汇Ⅰ. 必须掌握的词汇Anatomical position 解剖姿势basal nuclei 基底核bicuspid (mitral) complex[二尖瓣(僧帽)复合体]bone marrow 骨髓chambers of eye 眼房coronary sinus 冠状窦corpus striatum 纹状体cortex of brain 脑皮质costal arch 肋弓fasciculus tract/传导束flaccid paralysis or soft paralysis 弛缓性瘫痪或软瘫.funiculus 索ganglion 神经节Gray matter 灰质inguinal ligament 腹股沟韧带Internal capsule 内囊intervertebral disc 椎间盘Intracartilaginous ossification 软骨内成骨Intramembranous ossification 膜骨内成骨intraperitoneal organ 腹膜内位器官lower motor neurons 下运动神经元Macula lutea（yellow spot）黄斑McBurney’s point 麦氏点median sagittal plane 正中矢状面medullary substance 髓质Neostriatum 新纹状体nerve 神经nerve fibers 神经纤维Nucleus 神经核paranasal sinuses 鼻旁窦Peritoneal cavity 腹膜腔Abdominal cavity 腹腔pleural cavity 胸膜腔pleural recesses 胸膜隐窝postganglionic neuron 节后神经元postganglionic fibers 节后纤维preganglionic neuron 节前神经元preganglionic fibers 节前纤维referred pain 牵涉性痛regional lymph nodes 局部淋巴结sinoatrial node 窦房结spastic paralysis 痉挛性瘫痪 or hard paralysis 硬瘫spiral organ 螺旋器spinal segment 脊髓节段sternal angle 胸骨角Sympathetic preganglionic neuron 交感神经节前神经元Synapse 突触systemic greater circulation 体/大循环terminal line 界线tricuspid complex 三尖瓣复合体trigone of bladder 膀胱三角upper alimentary (digestive) canal 上消化道upper motor neurons 上运动神经元Venous angle 静脉角vertebral canal 椎管White matter 白质Ⅱ.各章节要求掌握的词汇Introduction of Human Anatomy 人体解剖学绪论abdomen[5AbdEmEn] 腹部anatomical[EnA5tCmikEl] position解剖姿势anterior[An5tiEriE] 前bilateral[bai5lAtErEl] 双侧contralateral[7kEntrE5lAtErEl] 对侧coronal[kE5rEJnEl] axis[5Aksis] 冠状轴coronal[kE5rEJnEl] (frontal) plane[plein] 冠状面(额状面)distal[5distEl] 远侧(的)dorsal[5dC:sEl] 背侧forearm[5fC:ra:m] 前臂frontal[5frQntEl] (coronal) plane[plein] 额状面(冠状面)horizontal[hCri5zCn t El] plane[plein] 水平切面inferior[in5fiEriE] 下interior[in5tiEriE] 内(部)ipsilateral[7ipsi5lAtErEl] 同侧lateral[5lAtErEl] 外侧medial[5mi:diEl] 内侧posterior[pC5stiEriE] 后proximal[5prRksimE l] 近侧(的)sagittal[5sAʤitEl] axis[5Aksis] 矢状轴sagittal plane[plein] 矢状面superior[sju:5piEriE] 上transverse[5trAnzv\:s] plane[plein] 横切面ventral[5ventr[l] 腹侧vertical[5v\:tikl] axis[5Aksis] 垂直轴Osteology 骨学bone[bEJn] marrow[5mArEJ] 骨髓bony[5bEJni] substance[5sQbstEns] 骨质cancellous[5kAnsElEs] (spongy) bone[bEJn] 骨松质cartilage[5kB:tiliʤ ] 软骨compact[5kRmpAkt] (dense) bone[bEJn] 骨密质epiphysis[i5pifisis]骨骺(单)epiphysial[i5pifisiEl] line骺线medullary[me5dQlEri] cavity[5kAviti] 骨髓腔ossific[5Csifik] center骨化中心osteology[7Csti5ClEʤi] 骨学periosteum[7peri5CstiEm] 骨膜red bone[bEJn] marrow[5mArEJ] 红骨髓shaft [FB:ft]骨干spongy[5spQnʤi] (cancellous) bone[bEJn] 骨松质yellow[5jelEJ] bone[bEJn] marrow[5mArEJ] 黄骨髓cervical[5s\:vikEl] vertebra[5vE:tibrE] 颈椎coccyx[5kCksi k s] 尾骨costal[5kCstl] cartilage[5kB:tiliʤ] 肋软骨costal arch[B:ʧ] 肋弓rib[rib] (costa) 肋sternal[5stE:nl] angle[5AN^l] 胸骨角thoracic[WR5rAsik]vertebrae[5vE:tibri:] 胸椎vertebra[5vE:tibrE] 椎骨(单)vertebral column[5kRlEm]脊柱xiphoid[5zifRid] process[5prEJses] 剑突clavicle[5klAvikl] 锁骨humerus[5hjJ:mErEs] 肱骨inferior[in5fiEriE] angle of scapula[5skApjJlE] 肩胛下角radius[5reidiEs] 桡骨scapula[5skApjJlE] 肩胛骨shoulder[5FEJldE] girdle[5^\:dl] 肩带骨ulna[5QlnE] 尺骨acetabulum[Asi5t Abj ul[m] 髋臼anterior superior[sju:5piEriE] iliac[5iliAk] spine[spain] 髂前上棘femur[5fi:mE] 股骨fibula[5fibjJlE] 腓骨greater trochanter[trEJ5kAnt[]大转子hip[hip] bone[bEJn] 髋骨iliac[5iliAk] crest[krest] 髂嵴ischial tuberosity[7tjJ:bE5rCsEti] 坐骨结节lateral malleolus[mE5li:ElEs] 外踝medial malleolus[mE5li:ElEs] 内踝patella[pE5telE] 髌骨pelvic[5pelvik] cavity[5kAviti] 盆腔pelvis[5pelvis] 骨盆pubic[5pjJ:bi k] symphysis[5simfisis] 耻骨联合sacrum[5sei k rEm] (sacral bone) 骶骨subpubic[7sQb5pjJ:bik] angle耻骨下角terminal[5t\:minEl] line(骨盆)界线cranium[5kreiniEm] (skull) 颅骨cerebral[5seribrEl] cranium[5kreiniEm] 脑颅骨ethmoid[5eWmCid] bone[bEJn] 筛骨ethmoidal[5eWmCidEl] sinus[5sainEs] 筛窦fontanel[fCntE5nel] 囟(门)frontal[5frQntEl]bone[bEJn] 额骨frontal sinus[5sainEs] 额窦hard palate[5pAlEt] 硬腭mandible[5mAndibl] 下颌骨mastoid process[5prEJses] 乳突maxilla[mAk5silE] 上颌骨maxillary[mAk5silEri] sinus[5sainEs] 上颌窦nasal septum[5septEm] 鼻中隔occipital[Ck5sipitEl] bone[bEJn] 枕骨orbit[5C:bit] 眶paranasal[7pArE5neizEl] sinus[5sainEs] 鼻旁窦sagittal[5sAʤitEl] suture[5su:ʧE] 矢状缝skull[s k Q l] (cranium[5kreiniEm]) 颅骨sphenoidal sinus[5sainEs] 蝶窦temporal[5tempErl] bone[bEJn] 颞骨vomer[5vEJmE]犁骨zygomatic bone[bEJn] 颧骨Arthrology 关节学abduction[Ab5dQ k F[n] 外展adduction[E5dQkF[n] 内收articular[B:5tikjJlE] capsule[5kApsjJ:l] 关节囊articular cavity[5kAviti] 关节腔articular[B:5tikjJlE] disc[disk] 关节盘articular labrum[5l eibr[m] (lip[lip] ) 关节唇ligament[5li^EmEnt] 韧带annulus[5AnjUlEs] fibrosus[5faibrEJsEs] 纤维环anterior[An5tiEriE] longitudinal[lCNʤi5tjUdinEl] ligament前纵韧带cervical[5s\:vikEl] curve[5k\:vE] 颈曲intervertebral[7intE5v\:tibrEl] disc[disk] 椎间盘thoracic[WR5rAsik] cage[keiʤ] 胸廓elbow[5elbEJ] joint[ʤCint] 肘关节humeroradial[5hjJ:mErEJ5reidiEl] joint[ʤCint] 肱桡关节humeroulnar[5hjJ:mErEJ5QlnE] joint肱尺关节interosseous membrane[5membrein] of forearm[5fC:rB:m] 前臂骨间膜wrist[rist] joint[ʤCint] (radiocarpal joint) 腕关节(桡腕关节)ankle[5ANkl](talocrural) joint[ʤCint] 踝关节(距小腿关节)arch[B:ʧ] of foot[fut] 足弓arcuate[5B:kjJeit] line弓状线greater sciatic[sai5Atik] foramen[fE5reimEn] 坐骨大孔hip[hip] joint[ʤCint] 髋关节knee[ni:] joint[ʤCint] 膝关节lateral[5lAtErEl] meniscus[mi5niskEs] 外侧半月板medial[5mi:diEl] meniscus[mi5niskEs] 内侧半月板patellar[pE5telE] ligament[5li^mEnt] 髌韧带sacrospinous[7seikrEJ5spainEs] ligament骶棘韧带sacrotuberous[7seikrEJ5tju:bErEs] ligament[5li^EmEnt] 骶结节韧带true (lesser) pelvis[5pelvis] 真(小)骨盆anterior[An5tiEriE]fontanelle[fCntE5nel](fontanel) 前囟coronal[kE5rEJnEl] suture[5su:ʧE] 冠状缝cranial[5kreiniEl] fontanelle[fCntE5nel] 颅囟lambdoid[5lAmdCid] suture[5su:ʧE] 人字缝temporomandibular[7tempErEJmAn5dibjJlE] joint[ʤCint] 颞下颌关节Myology 肌学sheath[Fi:W] of tendon[5tendE n] 腱鞘skeletal[5skelitEl] muscle[5mQsl] 骨骼肌smooth[smu:T] muscle平滑肌superficial facica[5feiFE] 浅筋膜tendon[5tendEn] 肌腱aortic[ei5C:tik] hiatus[hai5ei t[s] 主动脉裂孔diaphragm[5daiEfrAm] 膈(肌)erector[i5rektE] spinae[5spaini:](sacrospinalis) 竖脊肌(骶脊肌)inguinal[5in^winEl] canal[kE5nAl] 腹股沟管inguinal ligament[5li^EmEnt] 腹股沟韧带inguinal[5in^winEl] triangle腹股沟三角sacrospinalis[7seikrEJ5spainElis] (erector spinae) 骶脊肌(竖脊肌) sternocleidomastoid[7stE:nEJ7kl eidEJ5mAstCid] muscle胸锁乳突肌biceps[5baiseps] brachii[5breikii] 肱二头肌cubital[5kjJ:bitEl] fossa[5fCsE] 肘窝deltoid[5deltCid] muscle[5mQsl] 三角肌triceps[5traiseps] brachii[5breikii] 肱三头肌axilla[Ak5silE] 腋窝femoral triangle[5traiAN^l] 股三角gastrocnemius[7^AstrCk5ni:miEs] 腓肠肌gluteus[5^lu:ti[s] maximus[5mAksimEs] 臀大肌iliopsoas[7iliEJ5sEJEs] 髂腰肌infrapiriformis[7infrEpiri5fC:mis] foramen[fE5reimEn] 梨状肌下孔patellar[pE5telE] ligament[5li^mEnt] 髌韧带quadriceps[5kwCdriseps] femoris[5femEris] 股四头肌soleus[5sEJ l iE s] 比目鱼肌tendo[5tendEu] calcaneus[kAl5keiniEs] 跟腱triceps surae[5sjJri:] 小腿三头肌General Description of Splanchnology 内脏学总论anterior[An5tiEriE] median[5mi:diEn] line前正中线epigastric[epi5^Astrik] region[5ri:d VE n] 腹上区posterior[pC5stiEriE] axillary[Ak5silEri] line腋后线posterior median[5mi:diEn] line后正中线right[rait] hypochondriac[haipE5kCndriEk] region[5ri:d VE n] 右季肋区right inguinal[5in^winEl] (iliac) regions右腹股沟区(髂区)right lateral[5lAtErEl] (lumbar) region[5ri:d VE n] 右外侧区(腰区) scapular[5skApjJlE] line肩胛线umbilical[Qm5bilikEl] region[5ri:d VE n] 脐区umbilicus[Qm5bilikEs] 脐viscera [5visErE] 内脏(复)Alimentary(Digestive) System 消化系统alimentary[Ali5mentEri] canal[kE5nAl] 消化管alimentary (digestive[5daiʤestiv]) gland[^lAnd] 消化腺anal canal[kE5nAl] 肛管anus[5einEs] 肛门appendix[E5pendiks] 阑尾ascending[E5sendiN] colon[5kEJlEn]升结肠bile[bail] 胆汁cecum[5si:kEm] (caecum) 盲肠colic[5kClik] band[bAnd] 结肠带common[5k CmE n] bile[bail] duct[dQkt] 胆总管common hepatic[hi5pAti k] duct[dQkt] 肝总管duodenum[djJ:EJ5di:nEm] 十二指肠esophagus[i:5sCfE^Es] 食管gallbladder[5^C:lblAdE] 胆囊gaster[5^AstE] (stomach[5stQmEk]) 胃gastric[5^Astrik] gland[^lAnd] 胃腺jejunum[ʤi5ʤu:nEm] 空肠Lanz’s point蓝氏点lingula[5liN^jJlE] 舌liver[5livE] 肝lower digestive[5daiʤestiv] canal[kE5nAl] 下消化道McBurney’s point麦氏点palatine[5pA l Etain] tonsil[5tRnsl] 腭扁桃体parotid[pE5rCtid] gland[^lAnd] 腮腺permanent[5p\:m E n En t] teeth[ti:W] 恒牙porta hepatis[7hepE5tais] 肝门stomach[5stQmEk](gaster) 胃sublingual[sQb5liN^wEl] gland[^lAnd] 舌下腺submandibular gland[^lAnd] 下颌下腺tongue[tQN] 舌tonsil[5tRnsil] 扁桃体vermiform[5vE:mifR:m] appendix[E5pendiks] 阑尾Respiratory System 呼吸系统bronchus[5brCNkEs] 支气管(单)cricoid[5kraikCid] cartilage[5kB:tiliʤ] 环状软骨epiglottic[epi5^lCtik] cartilage[5kB:tiliʤ] 会厌软骨ethmoidal[5eWmCidEl] sinus[5sainEs] 筛窦fissure[5fiFE] of glottis[5^lCtis] 声门裂frontal[5frQntEl] sinus[5sainEs] 额窦glottis[5^lCtis] 声门glottic[5^lCtik] fissure[5fiFE]声门裂laryngeal[7lArin5ʤiEl] cavity[5kAviti] 喉腔larynx[5lAriŋks] 喉maxillary sinus[5sainEs] 上颌窦nasal[5neizEl] cavity[5kAviti] 鼻腔nasal septum[5septEm] 鼻中隔paranasal[7pArE5neizEl] sinuses鼻旁窦pleura[5plJErE] 胸膜pleural[5plJErEl] cavity[5kAviti] 胸膜腔principal bronchus[5brCNkEs] 主支气管rima[5ri:mE] glottis[5^lCtis] 声门裂sphenoidal[5sfi:nCidEl] sinus[5sainEs] 蝶窦thyroid[5WairCid] cartilage[5kB:tiliʤ] 甲状软骨trachea[5treikiE] 气管mediastinum[7mi:diAs5tainEm] 纵隔Urinary System 泌尿系统external[ek5st\:nEl] orifice[5Rrifis] of urethra[jJE5ri:WrE] 尿道外口fatty[5fAti] renal[5ri:nEl] capsule[5kApsjJ:l] 脂肪囊fibrous[5faibrEs] capsule[5kApsjJ:l] 纤维囊hilum[5hailEm] of kidney[5kidni] 肾门kidney[5kidni] 肾minor[5mainE] renal[5ri:nEl] calyx[5keiliks] 肾小盏prostate[5prRsteit] 前列腺renal cortex[5kC:teks] 肾皮质renal pelvis[5pelvis] 肾盂trigone[5trai^EJn] of bladder[5blAdE] 膀胱三角ureter[juE5ri:tE] 输尿管urethra[jJE5ri:WrE] 尿道urinary[5juErinEri] bladder[5blAdE] 膀胱Reproductive System生殖系统contorted[kCn5tC:tid] seminiferous[semi5nifErEs] tubule[5tju:bju:l] 精曲小管ductus[5dQ k tEs] deferens[5defErens] 输精管funicular[fju:5nikjJlE] part of ductus[5dQktEs] deferens[5defErens] 输精管精索部gonad[5^EJnAd] 生殖腺penis[5pi:nis] 阴茎scrotum[5skrEJtEm] 阴囊spermatic[sp\:5mAtik] cord[kC:d] 精索testes[5testiz] 睾丸(复)ampulla[Am5pulE] of uterine[5ju:tErain] tube[5tju:b] 输卵管壶腹cervix[5s\:viks]of uterus[5jJtErEs] 子宫颈infundibulum[7infQn5dibjJlEm] of uterine[5ju:tErain] tube输卵管漏斗(部) isthmus of uterine[5ju:tErain] tube[5tju:b] 输卵管狭ovary[5EJvEri] 卵巢uterus[5jJtErEs] 子宫vagina[vE5ʤainE] 阴道vaginal[vE5dVainEl] vestibule[5vestibjU:l] 阴道前庭Mamma and Perineum乳房和会阴mamma[5mAmE] 乳房nipple[5nipl] 乳头ischioanal[7iskiEJ5einEl]] fossa[5fCsE] 坐骨肛门窝ischiorectal[7iskiEJ5rektEl] fossa[5fCsE] 坐骨直肠窝pelvic[5pelvik] diaphragm[5daiEfrAm] 盆膈perineum[7peri5niEm] 会阴urogenital diaphragm[5daiEfrAm] 尿生殖膈Peritoneum 腹膜abdominal[Ab5dCmin[l] cavity[5kAviti] 腹腔interperitoneal[7intE7peri t EJ5ni:E l] viscera[5visErE] 腹膜间位器官intraperitoneal[7intrE7peri t EJ5ni:E l] viscera腹膜内位器官omental[EJ5ment E l] bursa[5b\:sE] 网膜囊parietal[pE5raiEtEl] peritoneum[7peri t EJ5ni:E m] 壁腹膜peritoneal cavity[5kAviti] 腹膜腔rectouterine[7rektEJ5ju:tErain] pouch[pEJ t F] 直肠子宫陷窝rectovesical[7rektEJ5vesikEl] pouch直肠膀胱陷窝retroperitoneal[7ritrEJ7peri t EJ5ni:E l] viscera[5visErE] 腹膜后/外位器官vesicouterine[7vesikEu5ju:tErain] pouch[pauʧ] 膀胱子宫陷窝visceral[5visErEl] peritoneum[7peri t EJ5ni:E m] 脏腹膜Angiology 脉管学artery[5B:teri] 动脉capillary[kE5pilEri] 毛细血管lesser[5les[] (pulmonary) circulation[s\:k jJ5leiFEn] 小(肺)循环systemic[sis5temik] (greater) circulation[s\:k jJ5leiFEn] 体(大)循环vein[vein] 静脉aortic[ei5C:tik] orifice[5Rrifis] 主动脉口aortic sinus[5sainEs] 主动脉窦aortic[ei5C:tik] valve[vAlv] 主动脉瓣atrioventricular[7eitriEJven5trikjJlE]bundle[5bQndl] 房室束atrioventricular[7eitriEJven5trikjJlE] node[nEJd] 房室结atrium[5eitriEm] 心房bicuspid[bai5kQspid] valve[vAlv] 二尖瓣coronary[5kCrEnEri] sinus[5sainEs] 冠状窦coronary sulcus[5sQlkEs] 冠状沟interatrial[7intE5eitriEl] septum[5septEm] 房间隔interventricular[7intEven5trikjUlE] septum[5septEm] 室间隔left coronary[5kCrEnEri] artery[5B:teri] 左冠状动脉left ventricle[5ventrikl] 左心室pericardium[7peri5kB:diEm] 心包pulmonary valve[vAlv] 肺动脉瓣Purkinje fibers莆肯野氏纤维right[rait] atrium[5eitriEm] 右心房right[rait] coronary[5kCrEnEri] artery[5B:teri] 右冠状动脉right ventricle[5ventrikl] 右心室sinoatrial[7sainEJ5eitriE l] node[nEJd] 窦房结tricuspid[trai5kQspid] valve[vAlv] 三尖瓣aorta[ei5C:t[] 主动脉great saphenous[5sAfEn[s] vein[[vein] 大隐静脉hepatic[hi5pAti k] portal[5pC:tEl] vein肝门静脉hepatic vein[vein] 肝静脉inferior[in5fiEriE] vena[5vi:n E] cava[5keivE] 下腔静脉median[5mi:diEn] cubital[5kjJ:bitEl] vein[vein]肘正中静脉small saphenous[5sAfEn[s] vein[vein] 小隐静脉superior[sju:5piEriE] vena[5vi:nE] cava[5keivE] 上腔静脉venous[5vi:nEs] angle[5AN^l] 静脉角Lymphatic System 淋巴系统axillary[Ak5silEri] lymph node腋淋巴结cisterna[si5st\:n E] chili[5kaili] 乳糜池lymph[limf] 淋巴lymph conducting vessel[5vesl] 淋巴管道lymph[limf] node[nEJd] 淋巴结regional[5ri:d VEnEl] lymph[limf] node[nEJd] 局部淋巴结spleen[spli:n] 脾thoracic[WR5rAsik] duct[dQkt] 胸导管Sensory Organs 感觉器官cornea[5kC:niE] 角膜eyeball[5aibC:l] 眼球eyelid[5ailid] 眼睑iris[5aiEris] 虹膜lacrimal gland[^lAnd] 泪腺lacrimal[5lAkrimEl] sac[sAk] 泪囊lens[lenz] 晶状体macula[5mAkjJlE] lutea[5lu:ti:](yellow spot) 黄斑nasolacrimal[7neizEJ5lAkrimEl] canal[kE5nAl] 鼻泪管optic[5Cptik] disc[disk] 视神经盘pupil[5pju:pil] 瞳孔retina[5retin[] 视网膜sclera[5skliE r E] 巩膜vitreous[5vitriEs] body[5bCdi] 玻璃体yellow[5jelEJ]spot[spCt] 黄斑ampullary[Am5pulEri] crest[krest] 壶腹嵴cochlea[5kCkliE] 耳蜗Corti’s organ[5C:g[n] (spiral organ) 柯蒂氏器（螺旋器）crista[5kristE] ampullaris[Am5pulEris] 壶腹嵴macula[5mAkjJlE] sacculi[5sAkjulai] 球囊斑macula utriculi[ju:5trikjulai] 椭圆囊斑spiral organ[5C:^En] 螺旋器tympanic[tim5pAnik] cavity[5kAviti] 鼓室tympanic membrane[5membrein] 鼓膜Nervous System神经系统brain[brein] 脑brain stem[stem] 脑干cerebellum[seri5belEm] 小脑cerebrum[5seribrEJm] 大脑cortex[5kC:teks] 皮质cranial[5kreiniEl] nerve[n\:v] 脑神经fasciculus[fE5sikjJlEs] 束funiculus[fjU5nikjUlEs] 索ganglion[5^AN^liEn] 神经节gray[^rei](grey) matter[5mAt[] 灰质medullary[me5dQlEri]substance[5sQbstEns] 髓质nerve[n\:v] 神经nerve fiber[5faibE] 神经纤维neuron[5njJErRn] 神经元nucleus[5nju:kli[s] 神经核,细胞核reflex[5ri:f l e k s] arc[B:k] 反射弧spinal[5spainl] cord[kC:d] 脊髓spinal[5spainl] nerve[n\:v] 脊神经synapse[5sainAps] 突触tract[trAkt](fasciculus[fE5sikjJlEs]) 束white matter[5mAt[]白质anterior[An5tiEriE] spinothalamic[7spainEJWE5lAmik] tract脊髓丘脑前束corticospinal[7kC:tikEJ5spainl] tract[trAkt] 皮质脊髓束medulla[mi5dQlE] oblongata[CblCN5^B:tE] 延髓spinal cord[kC:d] 脊髓basal nuclei 基底核corpus[5kC:pEs] striatum[strai5eitEm] 纹状体corticonuclear[7kC:tikEJ5nju:kli[] tract[trAkt] 皮质核束corticospinal[7kC:tikEJ5spainl] tract[trAkt] 皮质脊髓束thalamus[5WAlEmEs] 丘脑dorsal[5dC:sEl] thalamus[5WAlEmEs] 背侧丘脑cerebral cortex[5kC:teks](pallium)大脑皮质corpus[5kC:pEs] striatum[strai5eitEm] 纹状体internal[in5t\:nE l] capsule[5kApsjJ:l] 内囊pyramidal tract[trAkt] 锥体束telencephalon[7telen5sefElRn] 端脑cerebral dura[5djJrE] mater[5meitE] 硬脑膜cerebral pia[5pi:E] mater[5meitE] 软脑膜cerebral[5seribrEl] spinal[5spainl] fluid(CSF) 脑脊液(CSF) median[5mi:diEn] nerve[n\:v] 正中神经musculocutaneous[7mQskjulEJkju:5teiniEs] nerve肌皮神经sciatic[sai5Atik] nerve坐骨神经sympathetic[7simpE5Wetik] trunk[trQNk] 交感干hard paralysis[pE5rAlisis] 硬瘫infranuclear[7infrE5nju:kli[] paralysis[pE5rAlisis] 核下瘫lower motor[5mEJtE] neuron[5njJErRn] 下运动神经元pyramidal tract[trAkt] 锥体束soft paralysis[pE5rAlisis] 软瘫spastic[5spAstik] paralysis[pE5rAlisis] 痉挛瘫痪supranuclear[7sju:prE5nju:kli[] paralysis[pE5rAlisis] 核上瘫upper motor[5mEJtE] neuron[5njJErRn] 上运动神经元Endocrine System 内分泌系统adenohypophysis[7AdEnEJhai5pCfisis] 腺垂体adrenal[E5dri:nl] gland[^lAnd] 肾上腺hypophysis[hai5pCfisis] 垂体parathyroid[7pArE5WairCid] gland[^lAnd] 甲状旁腺pituitary[pi5tjJ:itEri] gland[^lAnd] 垂体suprarenal[7sju:prE5ri:nl] (adrenal) gland[^lAnd] 肾上腺thyroid[5WairCid] gland[^lAnd] 甲状腺。
常用500个解剖学名词(音标)
常用５００个解剖学名词human anatomy [☜⏹✌♦☜❍♓] 人体解剖学anatomical position [ ✌⏹☜♦❍♓☜●]解剖学姿势superior [♦◆☐♓☜❒♓☜] 上inferior [♓⏹♐♓☜❒♓☜] 下anterior [✌⏹♦♓☜❒♓☜] 前posterior [☐♦♦♓☜❒♓☜]后ventral [ ♏⏹♦❒☜●]腹侧dorsal [ ♎♦☜●] 背侧medial [ ❍♓♎☜●]内侧lateral [ ●✌♦☜❒☜●] 外侧ulnar [ ✈●⏹☜] 尺侧radial [ ❒♏♓♎☜●] 桡侧tibial [ ♦♓♌♓☜●] 胫侧fibular [ ♐♓♌◆●☜] 腓侧internal [♓⏹♦☜⏹●]内external [♏♦♦☜⏹●]外superficial [♦◆☐☜♐♓☞☜●]浅deep(或profound) [☐❒☜♐♋◆⏹♎]深proximal [ ☐❒♦♓❍☜●]近侧distal [ ♎♓♦♦☜●] 远侧sagittal plane [ ♦✌♎✞♓♦●] 矢状面coronal plane [ ❒☜⏹●] 冠状面frontal plane [ ♐❒✈⏹♦●] 额状面transverse plane [ ♦❒✌⏹☜♦]横切面horizontal plane [ ♒❒♓⏹♦●]水平面locomotor system 运动系统locomotor system [ ●☜◆☜❍☜◆♦☜] 运动系统osteology [ ♦♦♓●☜♎✞♓] 骨学bone [♌☜◆⏹] 骨pneumatic bone [⏹◆☎✆❍✌♦♓] 含气骨bony substance [ ♌☜◆⏹♓ ♦✈♌♦♦☜⏹♦] 骨质bone marrow [ ❍✌❒☜◆] 骨髓periosteum [ ☐♏❒♓♦♦♓☜❍] 骨膜articular cartilage [ ♦♓◆●☜ ♦♓●♓♎✞]关节软骨vertebra [ ☜♦♓♌❒☜] 椎骨vertebral body [ ☜♦♓♌❒☜● ♌♎♓]椎体vertebral arch [ ☜♦♓♌❒☜● ♦☞]椎弓vertebral foramen [ ☜♦♓♌❒☜● ♐☜❒♏♓❍♏⏹] 椎孔vertebral canal [ ☜♦♓♌❒☜● ☜⏹✌●]椎管intervertebral foramen[ ♓⏹♦☜☜♦♓♌❒☜● ♐☜❒♏♓❍♏⏹] 椎间孔cervical vertebra [ ♦☜♓☜● ☜♦♓♌❒☜] 颈椎thoracic vertebra [ ☎✆❒✌♦♓ ☜♦♓♌❒☜] 胸椎lumbar vertebra [ ●✈❍♌☜ ☜♦♓♌❒☜] 腰椎sacrum [ ♦♏♓❒☜❍] 骶骨1coccyx [ ♦♓♦]尾骨transverse foramen[ ♦❒✌⏹☜♦ ♐☜❒♏♓❍♏⏹] 横突孔sacral horn [ ♦♏♓❒☜● ♒⏹] 骶角sternum [ ♦♦☜⏹☜❍] 胸骨sternal angle [ ♦♦☜⏹● ✌☠♈●]胸骨角jugular notch [ ♎✞✈♈◆●☜ ⏹♦☞] 颈静脉切迹xiphoid process [ ♓♐♓♎ ☐❒☜☺♦♏♦]剑突costa [ ♦♦☜] 肋rib [❒♓♌] 肋骨costal cartilage [ ♦♦● ♦♓●♓♎✞] 肋软骨clavicle [ ●✌♓●] 锁骨scapula [ ♦✌☐◆●☜] 肩胛骨glenoid cavity [ ♈●♓⏹♓♎ ✌♓♦♓] 关节盂coracoid process [ ❒☜♓♎ ☐❒☜☺♦♏♦] 喙突acromion [☜❒☜☺❍✋☜⏹] 肩峰humerus [ ♒◆❍☜❒☜♦] 肱骨greater tubercle [ ♈❒♏♓♦☜ ♦◆♌☜●]大结节trochlea of humerus[ ♦❒●♓☜][ ♒◆❍☜❒☜♦]肱骨滑车capitulum of humerus [ ☜☐♓♦☞☜●☜❍] 肱骨小头medial epicondyle [ ❍♓♎☜● ♏☐♓⏹♎♋♓●] 内上髁lateral epicondyle [ ●✌♦☜❒☜● ♏☐♓⏹♎♋♓●] 外上髁ulna [ ✈●⏹☜]尺骨olecranon[☜◆●♏❒☜⏹⏹ ☜◆●♓❒♏♓⏹⏹] 鹰嘴radius [ ❒♏♓♎☜♦] 桡骨styloid process of radius[ ♦♦♋♓●♓♎][ ☐❒☜☺♦♏♦] 桡骨茎突carpus [ ☐☜♦] 腕骨metacarpus [ ❍♏♦☜☐☜♦] 掌骨phalanx of hand [ ♐✌●✌☠♦]指骨hip bone [♒♓☐ ♌☜◆⏹] 髋骨acetabulum [✌♦♓♦✌♌◆●☜❍] 髋臼obturator foramen[ ♌♦☺☜❒♏✋♦☜☎❒✆ ♐☜❒♏♓❍♏⏹] 闭孔ilium [ ♓●♓☜❍]髂骨iliac crest [ ♓●♓✌ ❒♏♦♦] 髂嵴anterior superior iliac spine[ ♓●♓✌ ♦☐♋♓⏹] 髂前上棘ischium [ ♓♦♓☜❍] 坐骨ischial tuberosity [ ♓♦✋☜● ♦◆♌☜❒♦♓♦♓] 坐骨结节pubis [ ☐◆♌♓♦] 耻骨pubic tubercle [ ☐◆♌♓♦ ♦◆♌☜●] 耻骨结节femur [ ♐♓❍☜] 股骨greater trochanter [ ♈❒♏♓♦☜ ♦❒☜◆✌⏹♦☜] 大转子medial condyle [ ❍♓♎☜● ⏹♎♓●]内上髁lateral condyle [ ●✌♦☜❒☜● ⏹♎♓●] 外上髁patella [☐☜♦♏●☜]髌骨tibia [ ♦♓♌♓☜] 胫骨tuberosity of tibia [♦◆♌☜❒♦♓♦♓][ ♦♓♌♓☜] 胫骨粗隆medial malleolus [ ❍♓♎☜● ❍☜●♓☜●☜♦] 内踝fibula [ ♐♓♌◆●☜]腓骨tarsus [ ♦♦☜♦]跗骨metatarsus [ ❍♏♦☜♦♦☜♦]跖骨2phalanx of foot [ ♐✌●✌☠♦][♐◆♦] 趾骨bones of cranium [ ❒♏♓⏹☜❍] 颅骨frontal bone [ ♐❒✈⏹♦●] 额骨parietal bone [☐☜❒♋♓☜♦☜●]顶骨occipital bone [ ♦♓☐♓♦●]枕骨temporal bone [ ♦♏❍☐☜❒☜●] 颞骨ethmoid bone [ ♏❍♓♎] 筛骨sphenoid bone [ ♦♐♓⏹♓♎] 蝶骨maxilla [❍✌♦♓●☜]上颌骨mandible [ ❍✌⏹♎♓♌●] 下颌骨foramen magnum[♐☜❒♏♓❍♏⏹ ❍✌♈⏹☜❍]枕骨大孔groove for sigmoid sinus[♈❒◆][ ♦♓♈❍♓♎ ♦♋♓⏹☜♦] 乙状窦沟petrous part of temporal bone[ ☐♏♦❒☜♦][ ♦♏❍☐☜❒☜●]颞骨岩部orbit [ ♌♓♦] 眶nasal concha [ ⏹♏♓☜● ☠☜] 鼻甲nasal meatus [ ⏹♏♓☜● ❍♓☎✆♏♓♦☜♦] 鼻道paranasal sinus [ ☐✌❒☜⏹♏♓☜● ♦♋♓⏹☜♦] 鼻旁窦zygomatic arch [ ♋♓♈☜◆❍☜ ♦☞] 颧弓mastoid process [ ❍✌♦♦♓♎ ☐❒☜☺♦♏♦]乳突external occipital protuberance[ ♦♓☐♓♦● ☐❒☜♦◆♌☜❒☜⏹♦]枕外隆凸bony joint [ ♌☜◆⏹♓ ♎✞♓⏹♦]骨连结articular surface [ ♦♓◆●☜ ♦☜♐♓♦]关节面articular capsule [ ♦♓◆●☜ ✌☐♦◆●]关节囊articular cavity [ ♦♓◆●☜ ✌♓♦♓] 关节腔ligament [ ●♓♈☜❍☜⏹♦] 韧带articular disc [ ♦♓◆●☜ ♎♓♦]关节盘articular meniscus [ ♦♓◆●☜ ❍♓⏹♓♦☜♦] 半月板flexion [ ♐●♏☞☜⏹] 屈extention [♓♦♦♏⏹☞☜⏹] 伸adduction [☜♎✈☞☜⏹]内收abduction [✌♌♎✈☞☜⏹] 外展rotation [❒☜◆♦♏♓☞☜⏹] 旋转circumduction [ ♦☜☜❍♎✈☞☜⏹]环转vertebral column [ ☜♦♓♌❒☜● ●☜❍]脊柱intervertebral disc [ ♓⏹♦☜☜♦♓♌❒☜● ♎♓♦] 椎间盘thorax [ ❒✌♦]胸廓costal arch [ ♦♦● ♦☞] 肋弓shoulder joint [ ☞☜◆●♎☜ ♎✞♓⏹♦] 肩关节elbow joint [ ♏●♌☜☺ ♎✞♓⏹♦] 肘关节symphysis pubis [ ♦♓❍♐♓♦♓♦ ☐◆♌♓♦] 耻骨联合greater sciatic foramen[♦♋♓✌♦♓ ♐☜❒♏♓❍♏⏹] 坐骨大孔pelvis [ ☐♏●♓♦]骨盆hip joint [♒♓☐ ♎✞♓⏹♦]髋关节knee joint [⏹♓] 膝关节patellar ligament [☐☜♦♏●☜ ●♓♈☜❍☜⏹♦]髌韧带myology [❍♋♓●☜♎✞♓]肌学skeletal muscle [ ♦♏●♓♦●]骨胳肌smooth muscle [♦❍◆❆] 平滑肌cardiac muscle [ ♎♓✌] 心肌tendon [ ♦♏⏹♎☜⏹] 肌腱3fascia [ ♐✌☞♓☜] 筋膜trapezius [♦❒☜☐♓♓☜♦]斜方肌latissimus dorsi [l☜♦♓♦❍☜♦ ♎♦♋♓] 背阔肌erector spina [♓❒♏♦☜ ♦☐♋♓⏹☜] 竖脊肌pectoralis major [☐♏♦☜❒♏♓●♓♦ ❍♏♓♎✞☜]胸大肌abdomiual rectus muscle[✌♌♎❍♓⏹● ❒♏♦☜♦] 腹直肌diaphragm [ ♎♋♓☜♐❒✌❍]膈inguinal ligament [ ♓☠♈♦♓⏹● ]腹股沟韧带sternocleidomastoid[♦♦☜⏹☜◆●♋♓♎☜◆❍✌♦♦♓♎] 胸锁乳突肌deltoid [ ♎♏●♦♓♎] 三角肌biceps brachii [ ♌♋♓♦♏☐♦ ♌❒♏♓♓♋♓]肱二头肌triceps brachii [ ♦❒♋♓♦♏☐♦ ♌❒♏♓♓♋♓]肱三头肌psoas major [ ☐♦☜◆☜♦ ❍♏♓♎✞☜] 腰大肌gluteus maximus [ ♈●◆♦♓☜♦ ❍✌♦✋❍☜♦] 臀大肌piriformis [ ☐♓❒☜♐❍♓♦] 梨状肌quadriceps femoris[ ♦♎❒♓♦♏☐♦ ♐♏❍☜❒♓♦] 股四头肌femoral triangle [ ♐♏❍☜❒☜● ♦❒♋♓✌☠♈●] 股三角triceps surae[ ♦❒♋♓♦♏☐♦][ ♐]小腿三头肌viscera 内脏viscera [ ♓♦☜❒☜] 内脏digestive system [♎♓♎✞♏♦♦♓ ♦♓♦♦☜❍] 消化系统mucous membrane [ ❍◆☜♦ ❍♏❍♌❒♏♓⏹] 粘膜midclavicular line [❍♓♎●☜♓◆●☜] 锁骨中线midaxillary line [❍♓♎✌♦♓●☜❒♓] 腋中线scapular line [ ♦✌☐◆●☜] 肩胛线hypochondriac region [ ♒♋♓☐☜◆⏹♎❒♓✌] 季肋区epigastric region [ ♏☐♓♈✌♦♦❒♓] 腹上区hypogastric region [ ♒♋♓☐☜◆♈✌♦♦❒♓] 腹下区umbilical region [ ✈❍♌♓●♋♓☜●] 脐区oral cavity [ ❒☜● ✌♓♦♓] 口腔palate [ ☐✌●♓♦] 腭palatine uvula [ ☐✌●☜♦♋♓⏹ ◆◆●☜] 腭垂palatine tonsil [ ☐✌●☜♦♋♓⏹ ♦⏹♦♓●] 腭扁桃体isthmus of fauces [ ♓♦❍☜♦ ♓♦❍☜♦][ ♐♦♓] 咽峡tooth [♦◆] 牙incisor [♓⏹♦♋♓☜] 切牙molar [ ❍☜◆●☜] 磨牙deciduous teeth [♎♓♦♓♎✞◆☜♦] 乳牙permanent teeth [ ☐☜❍☜⏹☜⏹♦] 恒牙tongue [♦✈☠] 舌parotid gland [☐☜❒♦♓♎ ♈●✌⏹♎] 腮腺pharynx [ ♐✌❒♓☠♦] 咽4pharyngeal recess [ ♐✌❒✋⏹♎✞♓☜● ❒♓♦♏♦] 咽隐窝esophagus [♓☎✆♦♐☜♈☜♦] 食管stomach [ ♦♦✈❍☜] 胃cardial opening [ ♎♓☜●]贲门pylorus [☐♋♓●❒☜♦] 幽门small intestine [♓⏹♦♏♦♦♓⏹] 小肠duodenum [ ♎◆☎✆☜◆♎♓⏹☜❍] 十二指肠jejunum [♎✞♓♎✞◆⏹☜❍] 空肠ileum [ ♓●♓☜❍] 回肠large intestine [♓⏹♦♏♦♦♓⏹] 大肠cecum [ ♦♓☜❍] 盲肠appendix vermiformis[☜☐♏⏹♎♓♦ ☜❍♓♐❍♓♦] 阑尾colon [ ☜◆●☜◆⏹] 结肠rectum [ ❒♏♦☜❍] 直肠ampulla of rectum [✌❍☐◆●☜] 直肠壶腹anus [ ♏♓⏹☜♦] 肛门pectinate line [ ☐♏♦♓⏹♓♦] 齿状线anal sphincter [ ♏♓⏹☜● ♦♐♓☠♦☜] 肛门括约肌liver [ ●♓☜] 肝porta hepatis [ ☐♦☜ ♒♏☐☜♦♓♦] 肝门gallbladder [ ♈●♌●✌♎☜] 胆囊common bile duct [ ❍☜⏹ ♌♋♓● ♎✈♦] 胆总管pancreas [ ☐✌⏹❒♓☜♦] 胰peritoneum [ ☐♏❒♓♦☜◆⏹♓☜❍] 腹膜parietal peritoneum[☐☜❒♋♓☜♦☜● ☐♏❒♓♦☜◆⏹♓☜❍] 壁腹膜visceral peritoneum[ ♓♦☜❒☜● ☐♏❒♓♦☜◆⏹♓☜❍]脏腹膜omentum [☜◆❍♏⏹♦☜❍] 网膜mesentary [ ❍♏♦☜⏹♦☜❒♓] 肠系膜respiratory system [❒♓♦☐♋♓☜❒☜♦☜❒♓] 呼吸系统nose [⏹☜◆] 鼻larynx [ ●✌❒♓☠♦] 喉laryngeal prominence[ ●✌❒♓⏹♎✞♓☜● ☐❒❍♓⏹☜⏹♦]喉结trachea [♦❒☜♓☜] 气管bronchus [ ♌❒☠☜♦] 支气管lung [●✈☠] 肺hilus of lung [ ♒♋✋●☜♦] 肺门pleura [ ☐●◆☜❒☜] 胸膜mediastinum [ ❍♓♎♓✌♦♦♋♓⏹☜❍] 纵隔thyroid[ ♋♓❒♓♎ ] cartilage甲状软骨cricoid[ ❒♋♓♓♎ ]环状软骨arytenoid[ ✌❒♓♦♓⏹♓♎ ]杓状软骨vestibular[ ♏♊♦♦✋♌☺●☜☎❒✆]前庭的glottis[ ♈●♦♓♦ ]声门oblique fissure [ ☜♌●♓ ♐♓☞☜]斜裂urinary system [ ◆☜❒♓⏹☜❒♓] 泌尿系统kidney [ ♓♎⏹♓] 肾renal cortex [ ❒♓⏹● ♦♏♦] 肾皮质renal medulla [ ❒♓⏹● ❍♏♎✈●☜] 肾髓质calyces [ ♏✋●✋♦♓] 肾盏renal pelvis[ ❒♓⏹● ☐♏●♓♦] 肾盂ureter [ ◆☜❒♓♦☜] 输尿管urinary bladder [ ◆☜❒♓⏹☜❒♓ ♌●✌♎☜] 膀胱trigone of bladder [ ♦❒♋♓♈☜◆⏹] 膀胱三角urethra [ ☺☜❒♓❒☜] 尿道reproductive system [ ❒♓☐❒☜♎✈♦♓] 生殖系统testis [ ♦♏♦♦♓♦] 睾丸epididymis [ ♏☐♓♎♓♎♓❍♓♦] 附睾5deferens duct [ ♎♏♐☜❒☜⏹♦ ♎✈♦] 输精管ejaculatory duct [♓♎✞✌◆●☜♦☜❒♓ ♎✈♦] 射精管spermatic cord [♦☐☜❍✌♦♓ ♎] 精索seminal vesicle [ ♦♓❍♓⏹● ♏♦♓●] 精囊腺prostate [ ☐❒♦♦♏♓♦] 前列腺scrotum [ ♦❒☜◆♦☜❍] 阴囊penis [ ☐♓⏹♓♦] 阴茎ovary [ ☜◆☜❒♓] 卵巢uterine tube [ ◆♦♏❒❒♋♓⏹ ♦◆♌] 输卵管uterus [ ◆♦☜❒☜♦] 子宫fundus of uterus [ ♐✈⏹♎☜♦] 子宫底cervix of uterus [ ♦☜♓♦] 子宫颈vagina [ ☜♎✞♋♓⏹☜] 阴道fornix of vagina [ ♐⏹♓♦] 阴道穹hymen [ ♒♋♓❍♏⏹] 处女膜female pudendum [ ♐♓❍♏♓● ☐◆♎♏⏹♎☜❍] 女阴labia majora [ ●♏♓♌♓☜ ❍♏♓♎✞☜❒☜] 大阴唇labia minova [ ●♏♓♌♓☜ ❍♋♓⏹☜❒☜] 小阴唇vaginal vestibule[ ☜♎✞♋✋⏹☜● ♏♦♦♓♌◆●]阴道前庭clitoris [ ●♋♓♦☜❒♓♦] 阴蒂mamma [❍☜❍] 乳房mammary nipple [ ❍✌❍☜❒♓ ⏹♓☐●] 乳头areola of breast [✌❒♓☜●☜] 乳晕perineum [ ☐♏❒♓⏹♓☜❍] 会阴pelvic diaphragm [ ☐♏●♓ ♎♋♓☜♐❒✌❍] 盆膈urogenital diaphragm [ ◆☜❒☜◆♎✞♏⏹♓♦●] 尿生殖膈circulatory system 循环系统circulatory system [♦☺●♏✋♦☜❒✋] 循环系统cardiovascular system[ ♎♓☜◆✌♦◆●☜] 心血管系heart [♒♦] 心artery [ ♦☜❒♓] 动脉blood capillary [♌●✈♎ ☜☐♓●☜❒♓] 毛细血管vein [ ♏♓⏹] 静脉systemic circuit [♦♓♦♦♏❍♓ ♦☜♓♦] 体循环pulmonary circuit [ ☐✈●❍☜⏹☜❒♓ ♦☜♓♦] 肺循环collateral circulation[ ☜●✌♦☜❒☜● ♦☜◆●♏♓☞☜⏹] 侧支循环interatrial septum [ ♓⏹♦☜❒♏♓♦❒♓☜● ♦♏☐♦☜❍]房间隔interventricular septum[ ♓⏹♦☜♏⏹♦❒♓◆●☜☎❒✆] 室间隔right atrium [ ♦❒♓☜❍] 右心房right auricle [ ❒♓●] 右心耳oval fossa[ ☜◆☜● ♐♦☜] 卵圆窝atrioventricular orifice6[ ♏♓♦❒♓☜◆♏⏹♦❒♓◆●☜ ❒♓♐♓♦] 房室口right ventricle [ ♏⏹♦❒♓●] 右心室tricuspid valve [♦❒♋♓✈♦☐♓♎ ✌●] 三尖瓣pulmonary valve [ ☐✈●❍☜⏹☜❒♓ ✌●] 肺动脉瓣left atrium [ ♦❒♓☜❍] 左心房left ventricle [ ♏⏹♦❒♓●] 左心室bicuspid valve[♌♋♓✈♦☐♓♎ ✌●] 二尖瓣aortic orifice [♏♓♦☜ ❒♓♐♓♦] 主动脉口aortic valve [♏♓♦☜ ✌●] 主动脉瓣endocardium [ ♏⏹♎☜◆♎♓☜❍] 心内膜epicardium [ ♏☐♓♎♓☜❍] 心外膜sinoatrial node [ ♦♋♓⏹☜◆♏♓♦❒♓☜● ⏹☜◆♎] 窦房结atrioventricular node [ ♏♓♦❒♓☜◆♏⏹♦❒♓◆●☜] 房室结coronary artery [ ❒☜⏹☜❒♓] 冠状动脉coronary sinus [ ❒☜⏹☜❒♓ ♦♋♓⏹☜♦] 冠状窦pericardium [ ☐♏❒♓♎☜❍] 心包serous pericardium[ ♦♓☜❒☜♦ ☐♏❒♓♎☜❍]浆膜心包pulmonary trunk [ ☐✈●❍☜⏹☜❒♓] 肺动脉干arterial duct [ ♦♓☜❒♓☜● ♎✈♦] 动脉导管aorta [♏♓♦☜] 主动脉ascending aorta [☜♦♏⏹♎♓☠ ♏♓♦☜] 升主动脉arch of aorta [ ♦☞][♏♓♦☜] 主动脉弓descending aorta [♎♓♦♏⏹♎♓☠ ♏♓♦☜] 降主动脉thoracic aorta [ ☎✆❒✌♦♓ ♏♓♦☜] 胸主动脉abdominal aorta [✌♌♎❍♓⏹● ♏♓♦☜] 腹主动脉brachiocephalic trunk[ ♌❒✌♓☜◆♦☜♐✌●♓ ♦❒✈☠]头臂干common carotid artery[ ❍☜⏹ ☜❒♦♓♎ ♦☜❒♓] 颈总动脉subclavian artery [ ♦✈♌●♏♓♓☜⏹] 锁骨下动脉axillary artery [✌♦♓●☜❒♓] 腋动脉brachial artery [ ♌❒♏♓♓☜●] 肱动脉radial artery [ ❒♏♓♎☜●] 桡动脉celiac trunk [ ♦♓●♓✌ ♦❒✈☠] 腹腔干superior mesenteric artery[ ❍♏♦☜⏹♦♏❒♓] 肠系膜上动脉inferior mesenteric artery [ ❍♏♦☜⏹♦♏❒♓]肠系膜下动脉testicular artery [♦♏♦♦♓◆●☜] 睾丸动脉ovarian artery [☜◆☪☜❒♓☜⏹] 卵巢动脉femoral artery [ ♐♏❍☜❒☜●] 股动脉popliteal artery [☐☐●♓♦♓☜●] 腘动脉superior vena cava [♦◆☐♓☜❒♓☜ ♓⏹☜] 上腔静脉venous angle [ ♓⏹☜♦ ✌☠♈●] 静脉角internal jugular vein[♓⏹♦☜⏹● ♎✞✈♈◆●☜ ♏♓⏹] 颈内静脉cephalic vein [♦♏♐✌●♓] 头静脉basilic vein [♌☜♦♓●♓] 贵要静脉median cubital vein[ ❍♓♎☜⏹ ◆♌♓♦●] 肘正中静脉azygos vein [ ✌♓♈☜♦] 奇静脉7inferior vena cava [♓⏹♐♓☜❒♓☜ ♓⏹☜] 下腔静脉great saphenous vein [♦☜♐♓⏹☜♦] 大隐静脉small saphenous vein [♦☜♐♓⏹☜♦] 小隐静脉portal vein [ ☐♦☜●] 门静脉lymphatic system [●♓❍♐✌♦♓] 淋巴系统lymph node [●♓❍♐ ⏹☜◆♎] 淋巴结thoracic duct [ ☎✆❒✌♦♓ ♎✈♦] 胸导管right lymphatic duct [●♓❍♐✌♦♓ ♎✈♦] 右淋巴导管spleen [♦☐●♓⏹] 脾splenic notch [ ♦☐●♓⏹✋ ⏹♦☞] 脾切迹endocrine system内分泌系endocrine system [ ♏⏹♎☜◆❒♋♓⏹] 内分泌系统thyroid gland [ ♋♓❒♓♎ ♈●✌⏹♎] 甲状腺parathyroid gland [ ☐✌❒☜♋♓❒♓♎] 甲状旁腺suprarenal gland [ ♦◆☐❒☜❒♓⏹●] 肾上腺hypophysis [♒♋♓☐♐♓♦♓♦] 垂体pineal body [☐♋♓⏹♓☜● ♌♎♓] 松果体thymus [ ♋♓❍☜♦] 胸腺sense organ感觉器sense organ [♦♏⏹♦ ♈☜⏹] 感觉器visual organ [ ♓◆☜● ♈☜⏹] 视器eyeball [ ♋♓♌●] 眼球cornea [ ⏹♓☜] 角膜sclera [ ♦●♓☜❒☜] 巩膜iris [ ♋♓☜❒♓♦] 虹膜pupil [ ☐◆☐●] 瞳孔ciliary body [ ♦♓●♓☜❒♓ ♌♎♓] 睫状体choroid [ ❒♓♎] 脉络膜retina [ ❒♏♦♓⏹☜] 视网膜macula [ ❍✌◆●☜] 黄斑central fovea [♦♏⏹♦❒● ♐☜◆♓☜] 中央凹aqueous humor [ ♏♓♦♓☜♦ ♒◆❍☜] 房水lens [●♏⏹] 晶状体vitreous body [ ♓♦❒♓☜♦ ♌♎♓] 玻璃体eyelid(或palpebra) [ ♋♓●♓♎] [ ☐✌●☐♓♌❒☜] 睑conjunctiva [ ⏹♎✞✈☠♦♋♓☜] 结膜lacrimal apparatus [ ●✌❒♓❍☜● ✌☐☜❒♏♓♦☜♦] 泪器extraocular muscles [ ♏♦♦❒☜◆●☜] 眼球外肌vestibulocochlear organ[ ♏♦♦♓♌◆●☜◆☜◆●♓☜] 前庭蜗器ear [♓☜] 耳auricle [ ❒♓●] 耳郭auricular lobule [ ❒♓◆●☜ ●♌◆●] 耳垂external acoustic meatus8[♏♦♦☜⏹● ☜◆♦♦✋ ❍♓♏♓♦☜♦] 外耳道tympanic membrane[♦♓❍☐✌⏹♓ ❍♏❍♌❒♏♓⏹] 鼓膜tympanic cavity [♦♓❍☐✌⏹♓ ✌♓♦♓] 鼓室auditory tube [ ♎♓♦☜❒♓ ♦◆♌] 咽鼓管mastoid cells [ ❍✌♦♦♓♎ ♦♏●♦] 乳突小房bony labyrinth [ ♌☜◆⏹♓ ●✌♌☜❒♓⏹] 骨迷路membranous labyrinth[ ❍♏❍♌❒☜⏹☜♦ ●✌♌☜❒♓⏹] 膜迷路cochlea [ ●♓☜] 耳蜗macula of utricle [ ❍✌◆●☜][ ◆♦❒♓●] 椭圆囊斑macula of saccule [ ❍✌◆●☜][ ♦✌◆●] 球囊斑spiral organ [ ♦☐♋♓☜❒☜●] 螺旋器nervous system 神经系统nervous system [ ⏹☜☜♦] 神经系统central nervous system [♦♏⏹♦❒●] 中枢神经系peripheral nervous system [☐☜❒♓♐☜❒☜●] 周围神经系somatic nervous system [♦☜◆❍✌♦♓] 躯体神经系visceral nervous system [ ♓♦☜❒☜●] 内脏神经系neuron [ ⏹◆☜❒⏹] 神经元neuroglia [⏹◆❒♈●♓☜] 神经胶质dendrite [ ♎♏⏹♎❒♋♓♦] 树突axon [ ✌♦⏹] 轴突pseudo-unipolar neuron[ ☐♦◆♎☜◆◆⏹♓☐☜◆●☜ ⏹◆☜❒⏹] 假单极神经元bipolar neuron [♌♋♓☐☜◆●☜] 双极神经元multipolar neuron [ ❍✈●♦♓☐☜◆●☜] 多极神经元afferent neuron [ ✌♐☜❒☜⏹♦] 传入神经元efferent neuron [ ♏♐☜❒☜⏹♦] 传出神经元intercalated neuron [♓⏹♦☜☜●♏♓♦] 中间神经元synapse [♦♓⏹✌☐♦] 突触reflex [ ❒♓♐●♏♦] 反射reflex arc [ ❒♓♐●♏♦ ] 反射弧receptor [❒♓♦♏☐♦☜] 感受器sensory nerve [ ♦♏⏹♦☜❒♓ ⏹☜] 感觉神经motor nerve [ ❍☜◆♦☜] 运动神经effector [♓♐♏♦☜] 效应器grey matter [♈❒♏♓ ❍✌♦☜] 灰质white matter [♦♋♓♦ ❍✌♦☜] 白质nervous nucleus [ ⏹☜☜♦ ⏹◆●♓☜♦] 神经核conductive tract [ ☜⏹♎✈♦♓ ♦❒✌♦] 传导束nerve [⏹☜] 神经spinal cord [ ♦☐♋♓⏹● ♎] 脊髓cervical enlargement[ ♦☜♓☜● ♓⏹●♎✞❍☜⏹♦]颈膨大lumbosacral enlargement[ ●✈❍♌☜◆♦♏♓❒☜● ♓⏹●♎✞❍☜⏹♦] 腰骶膨大spinal segment [ ♦☐♋♓⏹● ♦♏♈❍☜⏹♦] 脊髓节段ventral root [ ♏⏹♦❒☜● ❒◆♦] 前根dorsal root [ ♎♦☜● ❒◆♦] 后根spinal ganglion [ ♦☐♋♓⏹● ♈✌♈●♓☜⏹]9脊神经节anterior funiculus [✌⏹♦♓☜❒♓☜ ♐◆⏹♓◆●☜♦] 前索lateral funiculus [ ●✌♦☜❒☜● ♐◆⏹♓◆●☜♦] 外侧索posterior funiculus [☐♦♦♓☜❒♓☜ ♐◆⏹♓◆●☜♦] 后索gracile fasciculus [ ♈❒✌♦♋♓● ♐☜♦♓◆●☜♦] 薄束cuneate fasciculus [ ◆⏹♓♓♦ ♐☜♦♓◆●☜♦]楔束spinothalamic fasciculus[♦☐♋♓⏹☜◆☜●✌❍♓ ♐☜♦♓◆●☜♦] 脊髓丘脑束corticospinal tract[ ♦♓☜◆♦☐♋♓⏹☜● ♦❒✌♦]皮质脊髓束spinal nerve [ ♦☐♋♓⏹● ⏹☜] 脊神经ventral ramus [ ♏⏹♦❒☜● ❒♏♓❍☜♦] 前支dorsal ramus [ ♎♦☜● ❒♏♓❍☜♦] 后支cervical plexus [ ♦☜♓☜● ☐●♏♦☜♦] 颈丛brachial plexus [ ♌❒♏♓♓☜●] 臂丛lumbar plexus [ ●✈❍♌☜] 腰丛sacral plexus [ ♦♏♓❒☜●] 骶丛phrenic nerve [ ♐❒♏⏹♓ ⏹☜] 膈神经ulnar nerve [ ✈●⏹☜]尺神经median nerve [ ❍♓♎☜⏹] 正中神经musculocutaneous nerve[ ❍✈♦◆●☜◆◆♦♏♓⏹☜♦]肌皮神经radial nerve [ ❒♏♓♎☜●] 桡神经intercostal nerve [ ♓⏹♦☜☎✆♦♦●] 肋间神经femoral nerve [ ♐♏❍☜❒☜●] 股神经saphenous nerve [♦☜♐♓⏹☜♦] 隐神经obturator nerve [ ♌♦◆☜❒♏♓♦☜] 闭孔神经sciatic nerve [♦♋♓✌♦♓] 坐骨神经tibial nerve [ ♦♓♌♓☜] 胫神经common peroneal nerve[ ❍☜⏹ ☐♏❒☜⏹♓☜●] 腓总神经pudendal nerve [☐◆♎♏⏹♎☜●] 阴部神经brain [♌❒♏♓⏹] 脑medulla oblongata [❍♏♎✈●☜ ♌●☠♈♏♓♦☜] 延髓pons [☐⏹] 脑桥midbrain [ ❍♓♎♌❒♏♓⏹] 中脑cerebellum [ ♦♏❒♓♌♏●☜❍] 小脑diencephalon [ ♎♋♓♏⏹♦♏♐☜●⏹] 间脑cerebrum [ ♦♏❒♓♌❒☜❍] 大脑telencephalon [ ♦♏●♏⏹♦♏♐☜●⏹] 端脑brain stem [♌❒♏♓⏹ ♦♦♏❍] 脑干fourth ventricle [♐ ♏⏹♦❒♓●] 第四脑室pyramid [ ☐♓❒☜❍♓♎] 锥体decussation of the pyramids [ ♎♓✈♦♏♓☞☜⏹] 锥体交叉rhomboid fossa [ ❒❍♌♓♎ ♐♦☜] 菱形窝cerebral peduncle [ ♦♏❒♓♌❒☜● ☐♓♎✈☠●] 大脑脚pyramidal tract [☐♓❒✌❍♓♎● ♦❒✌♦] 锥体束corticonuclear tract[ ♦♓☜◆⏹◆●♓☜ ♦❒✌♦] 皮质核束medial lemniscus10[ ❍♓♎☜● ●♏❍⏹♓♦☜♦] 内侧丘系spinal lemniscus [ ♦☐♋♓⏹● ●♏❍⏹♓♦☜♦] 脊髓丘系trigeminal lemniscus[♦❒♋♓♎✞♏❍♓⏹● ●♏❍⏹♓♦☜♦]三叉丘系reticular formation[❒♓♦♓◆●☜ ♐❍♏♓☞☜⏹]网状结构dorsal thalamus [ ♎♦☜● ✌●☜❍☜♦] 背侧丘脑metathalamus [ ❍♏♦☜✌●☜❍☜♦] 后丘脑medial geniculate body [♎✞♓⏹♓◆●♓♦] 内侧膝状体lateral geniculate body [♎✞♓⏹♓◆●♓♦] 外侧膝状体hypothalamus [ ♒♋♓☐☜◆✌●☜❍☜♦] 下丘脑optic chiasm [ ☐♦♓ ♋♓✌☜❍] 视交叉optic tract [ ☐♦♓ ♦❒✌♦] 视束cerebral hemisphere[ ♦♏❒♓♌❒☜● ♒♏❍♓♦♐♓☜] 大脑半球corpus callosum [ ☐☜♦ ☜●☜◆♦☜❍] 胼胝体precentral gyrus[☐❒♓♦♏⏹♦❒☜● ♎✞♋♓☜❒☜♦] 中央前回postcentral gyrus[☐☜◆♦♦♦♏⏹♦❒☜● ♎✞♋♓☜❒☜♦]中央后回transverse temporal gyri[ ♦❒✌⏹☜♦ ♦♏❍☐☜❒☜● ♎✞♋♓❒♋♓] 颞横回calcarine sulcus [ ✌●☪☜❒♓⏹ ♦✈●☜♦] 距状沟cerebral cortex [ ♦♏❒♓♌❒☜● ♦♏♦] 大脑皮质cerebral medulla [ ♦♏❒♓♌❒☜● ❍♏♎✈●☜] 大脑髓质basilar nucleus [ ♌✌♦♓●☜ ⏹◆●♓☜♦] 基底核corpus striatum [ ☐☜♦ ♦♦❒♋♓♏♓♦✈❍] 纹状体caudate nucleus [ ♎♏♓♦ ⏹◆●♓☜♦] 尾状核lenticular nucleus [●♏⏹♦♓◆●☜ ⏹◆●♓☜♦] 豆状核internal capsule [♓⏹♦☜⏹● ✌☐♦◆●] 内囊cranial nerve [ ❒♏♓⏹☜● ⏹☜] 脑神经olfactory nerve [ ●♐✌♦☜❒♓] 嗅神经optic nerve [ ☐♦♓] 视神经oculomotor nerve [ ◆●☜◆❍☜◆♦☜] 动眼神经trochlear nerve [ ♦❒●♓☜] 滑车神经trigeminal nerve [♦❒♋♓♎✞♏❍♓⏹●] 三叉神经abducent nerve [✌♌♎◆♦☜⏹♦] 展神经facial nerve [ ♐♏♓☞☜●] 面神经vestibulocochlear nerve[ ♏♦♦♓♌◆●☜◆☜◆●♓☜] 前庭蜗神经glossopharyngeal nerve[ ♈●♦☜◆♐✌❒♓⏹♎✞♓☜●] 舌咽神经vagus nerve [ ♏♓♈☜♦] 迷走神经accessory nerve [✌♦♏♦☜❒♓] 副神经hypoglossal nerve [ ♒♋♓☐☜◆♈●♦●] 舌下神经nervous pathway[ ⏹☜☜♦ ☐♦♏♓] 神经传导通路11autonomic nervous system[ ♦☜◆⏹❍♓] 自主神经系sympathetic nervous system[ ☐✌❒☜♦♓❍☐☜♏♦♓] 交感神经parasympathetic nervous system[ ☐✌❒☜♦♓❍☐☜♏♦♓] 副交感神经sympathetic trunk [ ♦♓❍☐☜♏♦♓ ♦❒✈☠] 交感干stellate ganglion [ ♦♦♏●♏♓♦ ♈✌♈●♓☜⏹] 星状神经节dura mater [ ♎◆☜❒☜ ❍♏♓♦☜] 硬膜arachnoid [☜❒✌⏹♓♎] 蛛网膜pia mater [ ☐♋♓☜ ❍♏♓♦☜] 软膜epidural space [ ♏☐♓♎◆☜❒☜● ♦☐♏♓♦] 硬膜外腔cavernous sinus [ ✌☜⏹☜♦ ♦♋♓⏹☜♦] 海绵窦subarachnoid space[ ♦✈♌☜❒✌⏹♓♎ ♦☐♏♓♦] 蛛网膜下腔cerebrospinal fluid[ ♦♏❒♓♌❒☜◆♦☐♋♓⏹● ♐●◆☎✆♓♎] 脑脊液lateral ventricle [ ●✌♦☜❒☜● ♏⏹♦❒♓●] 侧脑室vertebral artery [ ☜♦♓♌❒☜● ♦☜❒♓] 椎动脉basilar artery [ ♌✌♦♓●☜ ♦☜❒♓] 基底动脉12。
人体解剖学中英名词对照表
人体解剖学英汉名词对照表注：用星号（*）标注的名词为最常用的词汇,必须熟记掌握。
一、总论（一）解剖学分类(Classification of Anatomy）anatomy 解剖学human anatomy，anthropotomy 人类解剖学systematic anatomy 系统解剖学regional (topographic）anatomy，topology 局部解剖学gross (macroscopic) anatomy 大体解剖学，巨视解剖学microscopic anatomy 显微解剖学macro-microscopic anatomy 巨-微解剖学sectional anatomy 断面解剖学pathological (morbid）anatomy 病理解剖学neuroanatomy 神经解剖学chemical neuroanatomy 化学解剖学developmental anatomy 发生（或发育)histologic anatomy 组织解剖学histology 组织学embryology 胚胎学anthropology 人类学（二)一般解剖学术语(General Anatomical Terms) dissection，dissect (v。
) 解剖,解剖标本normality，normal （a。
）正常abnormality , abnormal 异常variation 变异deformity，malformation 畸形specimen 标本model 模型（三)方位术语(Positional Terms）1。
anatomical position 解剖学姿势2. 方位术语(terms of direction)superior，upper 上inferior，lower 下anterior 前侧posterior 后侧ventral （dorsal) 腹(背）侧medial (lateral) 内（外）侧intermediate 中间internal, interior, inner，inside 内external, exterior，outer，outside 外superficial 浅deep, profound 深proximal （distal) 近（远)侧ulnar （radial) 尺（桡)侧tibial （fibular) 胫（腓)侧palmar 掌侧plantar 足底left 左right 右middle 中median 正中3. 轴和面(Axes and Planes)axis （pl。
总结最好-最全的医学解剖英文单词词汇
**解剖学anatomy**人体解剖学human anatomy**系统解剖学systematic anatomy, descriptive anatomy **局部解剖学topographic anatomy, regional anatomy **应用解剖学applied anatomy**临床解剖学clinical anatomy**外科解剖学surgical anatomy**解剖学姿势anatomical position*矢状面sagittal plane*正中矢状面median(or midsagittal) plane*冠状面〔或额状面〕coronal(or frontal) plane*横切面〔或水平面〕transverse(or horizontal) plane前面〔或腹侧面〕anterior(or ventral) surface后面〔或背侧面〕posterior(or dorsal) surface上端〔或颅端〕superior(or cranial) end下端〔或尾端〕inferior(or caudal) end内侧〔尺侧或胫侧〕缘medial(ulnar or tibial)border外侧〔桡侧或腓侧〕缘lateral(radial or fibular)border近侧端〔或上端〕proximal(or upper) end远侧端〔或下端〕distal(or lower) end内面internal(or interior)surface外面external(or exterior)surface浅层superficial layer深层deep layer*头head*颅cranium, skull*额front*枕occipit*耳ear*面face*眼eye*鼻nose*口mouth唇lip*颈neck, cervix, collum *躯干trunk*背back*胸thorax, chest*腹abdomen脐umbilicus*盆部pelvis四肢limbs, extremities *上肢upper limb*肩shoulder腋axilla*臂arm*肘elbow*前臂forearm腕wrist掌palm*鱼际thenar*小鱼际hypothenar*手指finger*拇指thumb示指index finger*下肢lower limb *髋hip*股〔又称大腿) thigh*膝knee*小腿leg*踝ankle, malleolus *足foot跗tarsus跖sole*趾toe骨及骨连结bone and joint*骨学osteology **骨骼skeleton*骨骼系统skeletal system**骨bone中轴骨axial skeleton附肢骨appendicular skeleton*长骨long bone*短骨short bone*扁骨flat bone*不规则骨irregular bone**骨密质compact bony substance **骨松质spongy bony substance **骨膜periosteum骨内膜endosteum*黄骨髓yellow bony marrow**红骨髓red bony marrow骺epiphysis骨干diaphysis干骺端metaphysis*骺软骨epiphysial cartilage*骺线epiphysial line滋养孔nutrient foramen髓腔medullary cavity突process隆起eminence粗隆tuberosity结节tuber, tubercle 嵴crest线line窝concavity, fossa凹fovea小凹foveola压迹impression腔cavity窦autrum, sinus管canal, duct孔foramen,opening口mouth, apertura, aditus, ostium 裂孔hiatus髁condyle上髁epicondyle缘margin切迹notch, incisura 纤维连结fibrous joint韧带连结syndesmosis软骨连结cartilaginous joint**关节articulation, joint**关节面articular surface关节软骨articular cartilage**关节囊articular capsul*纤维层fibrous layer*滑膜synovial membrane **关节腔articular cavity**韧带ligament**关节盘articular disk**关节半月板articular meniscus*关节唇articular labrum滑膜关节synovial joint平面关节plane joint球窝关节ball and socket joint椭圆关节ellipsoid joint车轴关节pivot joint鞍状关节saddle joint*屈flexion*伸extension*收adduction*旋转rotation*环转circumduction*旋前pronation*旋后supination*外翻eversion*内翻inversion*背屈dorsiflexion*跖屈plantarflexion**椎骨vertebrae**脊柱vertebral column*椎管vertebral canal*椎体vertebral body*椎弓vertebral arch**椎间孔intervertebral foramen *椎孔vertebral foramen*棘突spinous process*横突transverse process上关节突superior articular process **颈椎cervical vertebrae*横突孔transverse foramen*寰椎atlas*枢椎axis齿突dens**胸椎thoracic vertebrae上肋凹superior costal fovea **腰椎lumbar vertebrae**骶骨sacrum, sacral bone骶骨岬sacral promontory*骶管裂孔sacral hiatus骶角sacral horn**尾骨coccyx**椎间盘intervertebral disc *纤维环anulus fibrosus*髓核pulpiform nucleus *黄韧带ligaments flava寰枕关节atlanto-occipital joint **肋ribs, costae*肋软骨costal cartilage*肋沟costal groove**肋弓costal arch**胸骨sternum胸骨柄sternal manubrium**剑突xiphoid process**胸骨角sternal angle**胸廓thoracic cage肋椎关节costovertebral joints胸肋关节sternocostal joints**枕骨occipital bone枕骨髁occipital condyle*舌下神经管hypoglossal canal*枕骨大孔foramen magnum枕外隆凸external occipital protuberance *蝶骨sphenoid bone*蝶鞍sella turcica**垂体窝hypophysial fossa*视神经管optic canal鞍背dorsum sellae破裂孔foramen lacerum*圆孔foramen rotundum*卵圆孔foramen ovale*棘孔foramen spinosum*眶上裂superior orbital fissure大翼greater wings翼突pterygoid process**颞骨temporal bone岩部petrous portion*乳突mastoid process*面神经管facial canal肌咽鼓管musculo-tubal canal*内耳门internal acoustic port*茎突styloid process*茎乳孔stylomastoid foramen*外耳道external acoustic meatus *下颌窝mandibular fossa**顶骨parietal bone**额骨frontal bone**筛骨ethmoid bone下鼻甲inferior nasal concha泪骨lacrimal bone鼻骨nasal bone犁骨vomer**上颌骨maxilla眶下孔infraorbital foramen牙槽突alveolar process切牙管incisive canal*腭骨palatine bone*颧骨zygomatic bone**下颌骨mandible颏孔mental foramen冠突coronoid process下颌切迹mandibular incisure**舌骨hyoid bone颅盖calvaria外板outer plate内板inner plate*板障diploe**颅前窝anterior cranial fossa **颅中窝middle cranial fossa **颅后窝posterior cranial fossa 颞窝temporal fossa*颧弓zygomatic arch*颞下窝infratemporal fossa*翼腭窝pterygopalatine fossa*翼点pterion*颈动脉管carotid canal*颈静脉孔jugular foramen腭大孔greater palatine foramen **眶orbit眶上孔supraorbital foramen眶下孔infraorbital foramen**骨性鼻腔bony nasal cavity**鼻腔nasal cavity*鼻旁窦paranasal sinus*上颌窦maxillary sinus*蝶窦sphenoidal sinus*额窦frontal sinus*筛窦ethmoidal sinus鼻中隔nasal septum上(中, 下)鼻道superior(middle, inferior) nasal meatus 颅囟cranial fontanelle前囟anterior fontanelle冠状缝coronary suture矢状缝sagital suture人字缝lambdoid suture**颞下颌关节temporomandibular joint**肩胛骨scapula*肩峰acromion*关节盂glenoid cavity*喙突coracoid process**锁骨clavicle**肱骨humerus大结节greater tubercle小结节lesser tubercle*解剖颈anatomical neck*外科颈surgical neck鹰嘴窝olecranon fossa*内上髁medial epicondyle **桡骨radius环状关节面articular circumference **尺骨ulna鹰嘴olecranon滑车切迹trochlear notch**腕骨carpal bones, carpus 舟骨scaphoid bone三角骨triquetral bone豌豆骨pisiform bone大多角骨trapezium bone小多角骨trapezoid bone头状骨capitate bone钩骨hamate bone**掌骨metacarpal bones**指骨phalanges of fingers*胸锁关节sternoclavicular joint**肩关节shoulder joint盂唇glenoid labrum**肘关节elbow joint*桡骨环状韧带annular ligament of radius *桡尺近侧关节proximal radioulnar joint 桡尺远侧关节distal radioulnar joint**腕关节wrist joint腕掌关节carpometacarpal joint掌指关节metacarpophalangeal joint 指间关节interphalangeal joint**髋骨hip bone*髋臼acetabulum*闭孔obturater foramen**髂骨ilium髂嵴iliac crest**坐骨ischium**耻骨pubis**骨盆pelvis**股骨femur大转子greater trochanter髁间窝intercondylar fossa**髌骨patella**胫骨tibia髁间隆起intercondylar eminence *内踝medial malleolus **腓骨fibula*外踝lateral malleolus **跗骨tarsal bone, tarsus距骨talus**跟骨calcaneus足舟骨navicular bone内侧楔骨medial cuneiform bone 骰骨cuboid bone**跖骨metatarsal bones**趾骨phalanges of toes*耻骨联合pubic symphysis*骶髂关节sacroiliac joint*骶结节韧带sacrotuberous ligament *骶棘韧带sacrospinous ligament **髋关节hip joint**膝关节knee joint*半月板meniscus*交叉韧带cruciate ligaments**踝关节ankle joint跗骨间关节intertarsal joint距跟关节talocalcaneal joint跗横关节transverse tarsal joint跗跖关节tarsometatarsal joints跖趾关节metatarsophalangeal joints(二)肌肉muscles肌学myology肌肉系统muscular system**肌muscle**骨骼肌skeletal muscle**肌腹muscle belly**肌头head of muscle腱膜aponeurosis起点origin止点insertion**筋膜fascia*浅筋膜superficial fascia*深筋膜deep fascia滑膜囊synovial bursa*腱鞘tendinous sheath**斜方肌trapezius**背阔肌latissimus dorsi**竖脊肌erector spinae胸腰筋膜thoracolumbar fascia颈阔肌platysma**胸锁乳突肌sternocleidomastoid**斜角肌scalenus**胸大肌pectoralis major*胸小肌pectoralis minor*前锯肌serratus anterior**膈diaphragm**中心腱central tendon**腹直肌rectus abdominis**腹直肌鞘sheath of rectus abdominis 白线linea alba**腹外斜肌obliquus externus abdominis **腹内斜肌obliquus internus abdominis **腹横肌transversus abdominis **腰大肌psoas major**髂腰肌iliopsoas**腹股沟韧带inguinal ligament*腹股沟管inguinal canal腹股沟管浅环superficial inguinal ring*面肌facial muscles枕额肌occipitofrontal muscle帽状腱膜gelea aponeurotica**咀嚼肌masticatory muscles咬肌masseter颞肌temporalis**三角肌deltoid大圆肌teres major小圆肌teres minor**肱二头肌biceps brachii**肱三头肌triceps brachii*肱桡肌brachioradialis*旋前圆肌pronator teres*桡侧腕屈肌flexor carpi radialis*掌长肌palmaris longus*尺侧腕屈肌flexor carpi ulnaris*指浅屈肌flexor digitorum superficialis 指深屈肌flexor digitorum profundus 拇长屈肌flexor pollicis longus旋前方肌pronator quadratus桡侧腕长伸肌extensor carpi radialis longus桡侧腕短伸肌extensor carpi radialis brevis 指伸肌extensor digitorum*旋后肌supinator*蚓状肌lumbricales*骨间肌interossei**臀大肌gluteus maximus**梨状肌piriformis**股四头肌quadriceps femoris**髌韧带patellar ligament缝匠肌sartorius*股二头肌biceps femoris*半腱肌semitendinosus*半膜肌semimembranosus*腓骨长肌peroneus longus*腓骨短肌peroneus brevis*胫骨前肌tibialis anterior**小腿三头肌triceps surae*腓肠肌gastrocnemius*比目鱼肌soleus*跟腱tendo calcaneus内脏学splanchnology消化系统digestive system**内脏学splanchnology **内脏viscera**消化系统digestive system**口腔mouth cavity**唇lip颊cheek腭palatine*牙tooth, teeth牙髓dental pulp切牙incisor teeth尖牙canine teeth前磨牙premolar teeth磨牙molar teeth恒牙permanent teeth乳牙deciduous teeth**唾液腺salivary gland舌下腺sublingual gland下颌下腺submandibular gland 腮腺parotid gland味蕾taste bud, gustatory bud舌乳头papillae of tongue**咽pharynx*咽峡isthmus of fauces咽腔cavity of pharynx*扁桃体tonsil**食管esophagus**胃stomach胃大弯greater curvature of stomach 胃小弯lesser curvature of stomach 角切迹angular incisure贲门部cardial part幽门部pyloric part幽门pylorus*小肠small intestine**十二指肠duodenum**空肠jejunum**回肠ileum**大肠large intestine*盲肠caecum**阑尾vermiform appendix*升结肠ascending colon*横结肠transverse colon*降结肠descending colon*乙状结肠sigmoid colon**直肠rectum**肛门anus*肛管anal canal**肝liver*肝总管common hepatic duct **胆囊gallbladder*胆囊管cystic duct**胆总管common bile duct**胰pancreas胰管pancreatic duct*呼吸系统respiratory system外鼻external nose**喉larynx甲状软骨thyroid cartilage环状软骨cricoid cartilage杓状软骨arytenoid cartilage弹性圆锥conus elasticus喉肌laryngeal muscles会厌epiglottis会厌软骨epiglottic cartilage喉腔laryngeal cavity声门glottis**声带vocal fold**气管trachea**支气管bronchus**肺lung*肺门hilum of lung*支气管肺段bronchopulmonary segment **胸腔thoracic cavity**胸膜pleura**纵隔mediastinum(三)泌尿生殖系统urogenital system*泌尿生殖系统urogenital system**泌尿系统urinary system**肾kidney肾盏renal calices肾窦renal sinus**输尿管ureter**膀胱urinary bladder*膀胱三角trigone of bladder**尿道urethra**男性生殖器male genital organs**睾丸testis白膜tunica albuginea**附睾epididymis输精管ductus deferens**输精管壶腹ampulla of ductus deferens *射精管ejaculatory duct*精索spermatic cord睾丸鞘膜sheath of testicle精囊seminal vesicle**前列腺prostate**阴茎penis阴茎头glans of penis阴茎包皮prepuce尿道外口external urethral orifice**女性生殖器female genital organs **卵巢ovary**输卵管uterine tube输卵管伞fimbriae of uterine tube **子宫uterus子宫峡isthmus of uterus子宫颈cervix of uterus子宫口ostium of uterus子宫阔韧带broad ligament of uterus**阴道vagina处女膜hymen阴道穹fornix of vagina大阴唇labia majora阴道口vaginal orifice阴蒂clitoris**乳房mamma, breast**乳腺mammary gland*会阴perineum**坐骨肛门窝ischioanal fossa(四)腹膜peritoneum*腹膜腔peritoneal cavity*壁腹膜parietal peritoneum*脏腹膜visceral peritoneum**网膜omentum*大网膜greater omentum网膜囊omental bursa网膜孔omental foramen*肝胃韧带hepatogastric ligament *肝十二指肠韧带hepatoduodenal ligament 肝镰状韧带falciform ligament of liver 肝冠状韧带coronary ligament of liver *胃脾韧带gastrosplenic ligament *脾肾韧带splenorenal ligament **肠系膜mesentery结肠系膜mesocolon阑尾系膜mesoappendix胃结肠韧带gastrocolic ligament回盲襞ileocaecal fold肝肾隐窝hepatorenal recess**直肠子宫陷凹rectouterine pouch*膀胱子宫陷凹vesicouterine pouch*直肠膀胱陷凹rectovesical pouch脉管系统vascular system**脉管系统vascular system**脉管学angiology心血管系cardiovascular system**心血管系cardiovascular system**心heart**动脉artery**静脉vein**毛细血管capillary吻合anastomosis心底cardiac base心尖cardiac apex*冠状窦coronary sinus**右心房right atrium右心耳right auricle**右心室right ventricle右房室口right atrioventricular orifice **三尖瓣tricuspid valve**左心房left atrium左心耳left auricle**左心室left ventricle**二尖瓣mitral valve肉柱trabeculae carneae乳头肌papillary muscles肌腱tendinous cords卵圆窝oval fossa*室上嵴supraventricular crest 动脉圆锥conus arteriosus**肺动脉瓣pulmonary valve**主动脉瓣aortic valve心内膜endocardium心肌层myocardium心外膜epicardium*房间隔interatrial septum*室间隔interventricular septum **窦房结sinuatrial node*房室结atrioventricular node *房室束atrioventricular bundle 右束支right bundle branch左束支left bundle branch**心包pericardium*肺动脉干pulmonary trunk*动脉韧带arterial ligament**主动脉aorta*升主动脉ascending aorta**冠状动脉coronary arteries**主动脉弓aortic arch头臂干brachiocephalic trunk**颈总动脉common carotid artery 颈动脉小球carotid glomus颈动脉窦carotid sinus**颈外动脉external carotid artery *甲状颈干thyrocervical trunk*甲状腺上动脉superior thyroid artery 舌动脉lingual artery面动脉facial artery*颞浅动脉superficial temporal artery 上颌动脉maxillary artery**颈内动脉internal carotid artery**锁骨下动脉subclavian artery胸廓内动脉internal thoracic artery 腋动脉axillary artery*肱动脉brachial artery*桡动脉radial artery尺动脉ulnar artery掌浅弓superficial palmar arch*降主动脉descending aorta*胸主动脉thoracic aorta**腹主动脉abdominal aorta**腹腔干coeliac trunk**胃左动脉left gastric artery**肝总动脉common hepatic artery**脾动脉splenic artery**肠系膜上动脉superior mesenteric artery **肠系膜下动脉inferior mensenteric artery *肾动脉renal artery*睾丸动脉testicular artery*卵巢动脉ovarian artery**髂总动脉common iliac artery**髂内动脉internal iliac artery臀上动脉superior gluteal artery臀下动脉inferior gluteal artery闭孔动脉obturator artery*阴部内动脉internal pudendal artery *子宫动脉uterus artery**髂外动脉external iliac artery*股动脉femoral artery股深动脉profunda femoris artery帼动脉popliteal artery胫前动脉anterior tibial artery胫后动脉posterior tibial artery足背动脉dorsal pedal artery肺静脉pulmonary vein**上腔静脉superior vena cava头臂静脉(无名静脉) brachiocephalic vein, innominate vein 颈内静脉internal jugular vein翼丛pterygoid plexus*颈外静脉external jugular vein锁骨下静脉subclavian vein静脉角venous angle肱静脉brachial vein头静脉cephalic vein贵要静脉basilic vein肘正中静脉median cubital vein*奇静脉azygos vein半奇静脉hemiazygos vein椎静脉丛vertebral venous plexus**下腔静脉inferior vena cava髂总静脉common iliac vein髂内静脉internal iliac vein髂外静脉external iliac vein*股静脉femoral vein小隐静脉small saphenous vein**大隐静脉great saphenous vein帼静脉popliteal vein**肝门静脉portal vein附脐静脉paraumbilical vein**肠系膜上静脉superior mesenteric vein **脾静脉splenic vein**肠系膜下静脉inferior mensenteric vein 直肠静脉丛rectal venous plexus(二)淋巴系统lymphatic system**淋巴系统lymphatic system毛细淋巴管lymphatic capillary淋巴管lymphatic vessels淋巴干lymphatic trunks*淋巴导管lymphatic ducts**淋巴结lymph nodes**胸导管thoracic duct乳糜池cisterna chyli腰干lumbar trunks肠干intestinal trunk**右淋巴导管right lymphatic duct*下颌下淋巴结submandibular lymph nodes*颈外侧淋巴结lateral cervical lymph nodes**锁骨上淋巴结supraclavicular lymph nodes*腋淋巴结axillary lymph nodes*支气管肺门淋巴结bronchopulmonary hilar lymph nodes *腰淋巴结lumbar lymph nodes*腹腔淋巴结coeliac lymph nodes**肠系膜淋巴结mesenteric lymph nodes髂总淋巴结common iliac lymph nodes髂外淋巴结external iliac lymph nodes髂内淋巴结internal iliac lymph nodes*腹股沟淋巴结inguinal lymph nodes**脾spleen**胸腺thymus感觉器sensory organs**感觉器sensory organs视器visual organ**视器visual organ**眼eye**眼球eyeball*巩膜sclera**角膜cornea脉络膜choroid**睫状体ciliary body**虹膜iris**瞳孔pupil**视网膜retina*视神经盘optic disc*黄斑macula lutea虹膜角膜角(前房角) iridocorneal angle*房水aqueouse humor **玻璃体vitreous body**晶状体lens眼副器accessory organs of eye *眼睑eyelids**结膜conjunctiva**泪腺lacrimal gland泪点lacrimal punctum泪小管lacrimal ductule*泪囊lacrimal sac鼻泪管nasolacrimal duct*眼球外肌ocular muscles眼动脉ophthalmic artery(二)前庭蜗器vestibulocochlear organ**前庭蜗器vestibulocochlear organ **耳ear外耳external ear耳廓` auricle*外耳道external acoustic meatus中耳middle ear**鼓室tympanic cavity*鼓膜tympanic membrane *前庭窗fenestra vestibuli蜗窗fenestra cochleae听小骨auditory ossicles**咽鼓管auditory tube*乳突窦mastoid antrum乳突小房mastoid cells内耳internal ear*骨迷路bony labyrinth*骨半规管bony semicircular canals**前庭vestibule**耳蜗cochlea*膜迷路membranous labyrinth*膜半规管membranous semicircular ducts **椭圆囊utricle**球囊saccule**蜗管cochlear duct**螺旋器spiral organ(三)其他感觉器嗅器olfactory organ味器gustatory organ皮肤skin表皮epidermis真皮dermis, corium体毛hairs毛囊hair follicle立毛肌arrectores pilorum指甲nail of finger神经系统nervous system**神经系统nervous system**中枢神经系统central nervous system**周围神经系统peripheral nervous system **神经元neuron**神经胶质neuroglia*树突dendrite*轴突axon单极神经元unipolar neuron假单极神经元pseudounipolar neuron双极神经元bipolar neuron多极神经元multipolar neuron*感觉神经元sensory neuron*运动神经元motor neuron*联络神经元associate neuron尼氏体Nissl bodies神经原纤维neurofibril**神经纤维nerve fiber神经膜neurolemma*髓鞘myelin sheath *突触synapse突触前部presynaptic part 突触后部postsynaptic part 突触间隙synaptic cleft突触小泡synaptic vesicles *灰质gray matter *白质white matter *皮质cortex*髓质medulla**神经核nucleus**纤维束tract**神经节ganglion**神经nerve神经内膜endoneurium神经束膜perineurium神经外膜epineurium星形细胞astrocyte少突胶质细胞oligodendrocyte 小胶质microglia室管膜ependyma周围神经系统peripheral nervous system**脊神经spinal nerves前根ventral root*脊神经节spinal ganglion颈神经cervical nerve胸神经thoracic nerve腰神经lumbar nerve骶神经sacral nerve尾神经coccygeal nerve**颈丛cervical plexus**膈神经phrenic nerve**臂丛brachial plexus胸长神经long thoracic nerve胸背神经thoracodorsal nerve**肌皮神经musculocutaneous nerve **腋神经axillary nerve**正中神经median nerve**桡神经radial nerve**尺神经ulnar nerve*胸神经thoracic nerves肋间神经intercostal nerve**腰丛lumbar plexus腰骶干lumbosacral trunk**股神经femoral nerve*闭孔神经obturator nerve**骶丛sacral plexus**坐骨神经sciatic nerve**胫神经tibial nerve**腓总神经common peroneal nerve *腓浅神经superficial peroneal nerve *腓深神经deep peroneal nerve*阴部神经pudendal nerve**脑神经cranial nerves**嗅神经olfactory nerve**视神经optic nerve*动眼神经oculomotor nerve*睫状神经节ciliary ganglion**滑车神经trochlear nerve**三叉神经trigeminal nerve*半月神经节(三叉神经节) semilunar ganglion*眼神经ophthalmic nerve*上颌神经maxillary nerve*下颌神经mandibular nerve眶下神经infraorbital nerve耳颞神经auriculotemporal nerve *舌神经lingual nerve下牙糟神经inferior alveolar nerve**展神经abducent nerve**面神经facial nerve*鼓索chorda tympani*翼腭神经节pterygopalatine ganglion*下颌下神经节submandibular ganglion**前庭蜗神经vestibulocochlear nerve*前庭神经vestibular nerve*蜗神经cochlear nerve**舌咽神经glossopharyngeal nerve**耳神经节otic ganglion**迷走神经vagus nerve*喉返神经recurrent laryngeal nerve喉上神经superior laryngeal nerve**副神经accessory nerve**舌下神经hypoglossal nerve**自主神经系统autonomic nervous system 内脏神经系统visceral nervous system植物性神经系统vegetative nervous system**交感神经sympathetic nerve**副交感神经parasympathetic nerve*交感干sympathetic trunk交感干神经节ganglia of sympathetic trunk交通支communicating branches 内脏大神经greater splanchnic nerve内脏小神经lesser splanchnic nerve心丛cardiac plexus腹腔丛coeliac plexus*腹腔神经节coeliac ganglion下腹下丛(盆丛) inferior hypogastric plexus盆内脏神经pelvic splanchnic nerves中枢神经系统central nervous system**脊髓spinal cord脊髓圆锥conus medullaris终丝filum terminal*马尾cauda equina*颈膨大cervical enlargement*腰骶膨大lumbosacral enlargement 前角anterior horn后角posterior horn中间带intermediate zone 侧角lateral horn前索anterior funiculus外侧索lateral funiculus后索posterior funiculus**网状结构reticular formation*胶状质substantia gelatinosa**胸核thoracic nucleus**薄束fasciculus gracilis**楔束fasciculus cuneatus**脊髓丘脑束spinothalamic tract脊髓小脑束spinocerebellar tract**皮质脊髓束corticospinal tract**脑brain**脑干brain stem**延髓medulla oblongata*锥体pyramid**锥体交叉pyramidal decussation*橄榄olive*薄束结节gracilis tubercule*楔束结节cuneate tubercule*小脑下脚inferior cerebellar peduncle **脑桥pons*小脑中脚middle cerebellar peduncle *小脑上脚superior cerebellar peduncle**第四脑室fourth ventricle*菱形窝rhomboid fossa髓纹striae medullares内侧隆起medial eminence*面神经丘facial colliculus*舌下神经三角hypoglossal trigone*迷走神经三角vagal trigone*前庭区vestibular area*听结节acoustic tubercle**中脑midbrain, mesencephalon*下丘inferior colliculus*上丘superior colliculus**大脑脚crus cerebri*舌下神经核hypoglossal nucleus*迷走神经背核dorsal nucleus of vagus**内侧丘系交叉decussation of medial lemniscus **内侧丘系medial lemniscus*三叉神经脊束spinal trigeminal tract*三叉神经脊束核spinal trigeminal nucleus*孤束核solitary nucleus*疑核ambiguous nucleus*脑桥核pontine nuclei**锥体束pyramidal tract**斜方体trapezoid body**外侧丘系lateral lemniscus*展神经核nucleus of abducent nerve *面神经核nucleus of facial nerve蓝斑locus ceruleus**中脑水管cerebral aqueduct*黑质substantia nigra*红核red nucleus*滑车神经核nucleus of trochlear nerve *动眼神经核nucleus of oculomotor nerve 中缝核raphe nuclei**小脑cerebellum**小脑蚓vermis of cerebellum **小脑半球cerebellar hemisphere古小脑(原小脑) archicerebellum绒球小结叶flocculonodular lobe*原裂primary fissure旧小脑paleocerebellum新小脑neocerebellum*小脑皮质cerebellar cortex*齿状核dentate nucleus**间脑diencephalon**背侧丘脑dorsal thalamus腹前核ventral anterior nucleus腹中间核ventral intermediate nucleus 腹后外侧核ventral posterolateral nucleus腹后内侧核ventral posteromedial nucleus枕pulvinar后丘脑metathalamus内侧膝状体medial geniculate body外侧膝状体lateral geniculate body上丘脑epithalamus底丘脑subthalamus**下丘脑hypothalamus**视交叉optic chiasma*乳头体mammillary body**第三脑室third ventricle**端脑telencephalon**大脑cerebrum**大脑半球cerebral hemispheres*外侧沟lateral sulcus*中央沟central sulcus**额叶frontal lobe*中央前沟precentral sulcus**中央前回precentral gyrus*额下回inferior frontal gyrus**顶叶parietal lobe*中央后沟postcentral sulcus**中央后回postcentral gyrus缘上回supramarginal gyrus*角回angular gyrus**枕叶occipital lobe**颞叶` temporal lobe*颞横回transverse temporal gyrus *颞上回superior temporal gyrus *岛叶insula*中央旁小叶paracentral lobule*顶枕沟parieto-occipital sulcus*距状沟calcarine sulcus海马沟hippocampal sulcus*舌回lingual gyrus楔叶cuneus**边缘叶limbic lobe**边缘系统limbic system*扣带回cingulate gyrus*海马旁回parahippocampal gyrus 钩uncus海马结构hippocampal formation *海马hippocampus齿状回dentate gyrus**侧脑室lateral ventricle**基底核basal nuclei*尾状核caudate nucleus*豆状核lenticular nucleus*壳putamen*苍白球globus pallidus**纹状体corpus striatum屏状核claustrum杏仁体amygdaloid body联络纤维association fibers 连合纤维commisural fibers 投射纤维projection fibers **胼胝体corpus callosum*穹隆fornix**内囊internal capsule嗅脑rhinencephalon嗅球olfactory bulb嗅束olfactory tract嗅三角olfactory trigone**大脑皮质cerebral cortex古皮质archicortex旧皮质paleocortex新皮质neocortex**硬膜dura mater*大脑镰falx cerebri小脑镰falx cerebelli*小脑幕tentorium cerebelli幕切迹tentorial notch*硬脑膜窦dural sinus**蛛网膜arachnoid*蛛网膜下隙subarachnoid space小脑延髓池cerebellomedullary cistern *蛛网膜粒arachnoid granulation 终池terminal cistern**软膜pia mater齿状韧带denticulate ligament*海绵窦cavernous sinus*大脑前动脉anterior cerebral artery **大脑中动脉middle cerebral artery*大脑后动脉posterior cerebral artery **基底动脉basilar artery**大脑动脉环cerebral arterial circle *大脑大静脉great cerebral vein**脑脊液cerebrospinal fluid *脉络丛choroid plexus内分泌腺endocrine glands**内分泌腺endocrine glands**甲状腺thyroid gland*甲状旁腺parathyroid gland**垂体hypophysis**松果体pineal body**肾上腺suprarenal gland胰岛pancreatic insula。
unit2 完整翻译
Unit 2Reading AHuman Anatomy人体解剖学The human body is a remarkably complex and efficient machine. It takes in and absorbs oxygen through the respiratory system. Then the oxygen-enriched blood is distributed through the cardiovascular system to all tissues. The digestive system converts digestible food to energy and disposes of the rest. The skeletal-muscular system gives form to the body. And covering almost the entire mass is the skin, the largest organ of the body. The science of the structure of this complicated ”machine” is called anatomy.(人体是一个非常复杂并且有效的机器。
它通过呼吸系统吸入并且吸收氧气。
然后这富含氧的血液通过心血管系统被分布到所有的组织。
消化系统将易消化的食物转变成能量并且将剩下的不易消化的食物处理掉。
骨骼肌系统组成了人体的形态。
覆盖这整个躯体的是皮肤，它是身体最大的器官。
研究这架复杂机器结构的科学被称为“解剖学”。
)One of the major systems is the skeletal-muscular system. The body is supported and given shape by this structure, consisting of more than 200 bones and the muscles and tendons which are connected to them. They are strong but can bend at their joins. They also serve as a shield, protecting the vital internal organs from injury.(主要的系统之一是这个骨骼肌系统。
人体解剖学英语单词
人体解剖学英语单词运动系统(1)anatomy 解剖学locomotor system 运动系统skeleton 骨骼joint关节ligament韧带(2)Vertebra 椎骨sacrum 骶骨sternal angle 胸骨角rib 肋骨thorax 胸廓(3)Skull 头盖骨facial bones面颅cranial bones颅骨frontal bone额骨temporomandibular joint颞下颌关节(4)Scapula肩胛骨humerus肱骨shoulder joint肩关节elbow joint肘关节radiocarpal joint 桡腕关节(5)Hip bone髋骨femur股骨tibia胫骨fibula腓骨knee joint 膝关节消化系统(1)alimentary system消化系统oral cavity口腔tongue舌pharynx 咽esophagus食管(2)Stomach胃small intestine小肠rectum直肠liver肝pancreas 胰腺呼吸系统respiratory system呼吸系统larynx喉bronchus支气管trachea气管lung肺泌尿系统urinary system泌尿系统kidney肾ureter 输尿管urinary bladder膀胱urethra尿道生殖系统Genital system生殖系统testis睾丸prostate前列腺ovary卵巢uterus子宫脉管系统cardiovascular system心血管系统atrium心房ventricle心室mitral valve二尖瓣coronary artery冠状动脉pulmonary a 肺动脉aorta主动脉common carotid a 颈总动脉celiac trunk 腹腔干common iliac a髂总动脉视器Cornea 角膜iris虹膜retina 视网膜lens 晶状体conjunctiva结膜前庭蜗器vestibulocochlear organ前庭蜗器auricle耳廓external acoustic meatus外耳道tympanic cavity鼓室labyrinth迷路神经系统nucleus神经核ganglion神经节olfactory nerve嗅神经optic nerve视神经oculomotor nerve动眼神经trochlear nerve 滑车神经trigeminal nerve三叉神经abducent nerve 展神经vagus nerve迷走神经hypoglossal nerve 舌下神经phrenic n 膈神经brachial plexus臂丛sciatic n 坐骨神经sympathetic trunk交感干parasympathetic n 副交感神经脊髓spinal cord 脊髓conus medullaris脊髓圆锥cervical enlargement颈膨大lumbosacral enlargement腰骶膨大cauda equina马尾脑干brain stem 脑干medulla oblongata 延髓pons 脑桥midbrain 中脑rhomboid fossa菱形窝间脑、小脑、端脑、脑脊膜、脑血管、脑脊液Cerebellum 小脑diencephalon间脑thalamus丘脑telencephalon端脑cerebral spinal fluid脑脊液注：Skull 不肯定。
人体解剖学human-anatomy(绪论及运动系统(骨)综合)PPT课件
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颅前窝Anterior cranial fossa
• 结构：
– 鸡冠 – 筛板 – 筛孔
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颅中窝Meddle cranial fossa
• 结构
– 垂体窝 – 视神经管 – 眶上裂 – 圆孔 – 卵圆孔 – 棘孔
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颅后窝Posterior cranial fossa
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3）骨髓： 红骨髓: 胎儿及幼儿骨内；成人骨 骨松质腔隙内，具有造血功能。 黄骨髓: >6岁后长骨骨髓腔，含有 大量的脂肪组织。具有潜在造血功 能。
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4、化学成分和物理性质 Chemical composition and physical properties
• Organic material有机质： 主要是骨胶原纤维和粘多糖蛋白。构成支架，赋予 骨的弹性和韧性。
髂骨：髋臼、髂嵴、髂前上棘、髂前下棘,、髂结节、髂后上 棘、髂后下棘、坐骨大切迹、髂窝、弓状线、耳状面。
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• 坐骨 坐骨棘、 坐骨小切迹、 坐骨结节。
• 耻骨 耻骨上支: 耻骨梳、耻骨结节、 耻
骨联合面。
耻骨下支: 闭孔。
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股骨Femur
• 人体最粗大的骨 • 上端：股骨头，股骨头凹，
• Inorganic salts无机质： 主要是碱性磷酸钙、碳酸钙和氯化钙。赋予骨硬度 和脆性
Children Adult Old
Organic material 1 3（1/3） 1
Inorganic salts 1 7（2/3） 4
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常用人体形态学汉英词汇表
常用人体形态学汉英词汇表A LIST OF COMMON CHINESE-ENGLISH TERM OF HUMAN ANATOMY 绪论 introduction正常人体形态学 normal human morphology* 解剖学 anatomy** 人体解剖学 human anatomy** 系统解剖学 systematic anatomy,descriptive anatomy** 局部解剖学 topographic anatomy,regional anatomy* 应用解剖学 applied anatomy* 临床解剖学 clinical anatomy* 外科解剖学surgical anatomy** 解剖学姿势 anatomical position* 矢状面 sagittal plane* 正中矢状面 median(or midsagittal)plane* 冠状面(或额状面) coronal(or frontal)plane* 横切面(或水平面) transverse(or horizontal)plane前面(或腹侧面) anterior(or ventral)surface后面(或背侧面) posterior(or dorsal)surface上端(或颅端) superior(or cranial)edn下端(或尾端) inferior(or caudal)end内侧(尺侧或胫侧)缘 medial(ulnar or tibial)border外侧(桡侧或腓侧)缘 lateral(radial or fibular)border近侧端(或上端) proximal(or upper)end远则端(或下端) distal(or lower)end内面 interal(or interior)surface外面 external(or exterior)surface浅层 superficial layer深层 deep layer人体各部位 parts of human body* 头 head* 颅 eranium,skull* 额 front* 枕 occipit* 颞 temple* 耳 ear* 面 face* 眼 eye* 鼻 nose口 mouth唇 lip* 颈 neck,cervix,collum * 躯干 trunk* 背 back* 胸 thorax,chest* 腹 abdomen脐 umbilicus* 盆部 pelvis四肢 limbs,extremities* 上肢 upper limb* 肩 shoulder腋 axilla* 臂 arm* 肘 elbow* 前臂 forearm* 手 hand腕 wrist掌 palm* 鱼际 thenar* 小鱼际 hypothenar* 手指 finger* 拇指 thumb示指 index finger* 下肢 lower limb* 髋 hip* 股(又称大腿) thigh* 膝 knee* 小腿 leg* 踝 ankle,malleolus* 足 foot跗 tarsus跖 sole* 趾 toe运动系统 locomotor system(一)骨及骨连结 bone and joint * 骨学 osteology** 骨骼 skeleton** 骨 bone中轴骨 axial skeleton附肢骨 appendicular skeleton* 长骨 long bone* 短骨 short bone* 扁骨 flat bone* 不规则骨 irregular bone** 骨密质 compact bony substance ** 骨松质 spongy bony substance ** 骨膜 periosteum骨内膜 endosteum* 黄骨髓 yellow bony marrow** 红骨髓 red bony marrow骺 epiphysis骨干 diaphysis干骺端 metaphysis* 骺软骨 epiphysial cartilage * 骺线 epiphysial line滋养孔 nutrient foramen髓腔 medullary cavity突 process棘 spine隆起 eminence粗隆 tuberosity结节 tuber,tubercle嵴 cres线 line窝 concavity,fossa凹 fovea小凹 foveola压迹 impression腔 cavity窦 autrum,sinus管 canal,duct孔 foramen,opening口 mouth,apertura,aditus,ostium 裂孔 hiatus髁 condyle上髁 epicondyle缘 margin切迹 notch,incisura纤维连结 fibrous joint韧带连结 syndesmosis缝 suture软骨连结 cartilaginous joint** 关节 articulation,joint** 关节面 articular surface 关节软骨 articular cartilage** 关节囊 articular capsul* 纤维层 fibrous layer* 滑膜 synovial membrane** 关节腔 articular cavity** 韧带 ligament** 关节盘 articular disk** 关节半月板 articular meniscus * 关节唇 articular labrum滑膜关节 synovial joint平面关节 plane joint球窝关节 ball and socket joint椭圆关节 ellipsoid joint车轴关节 pivot joint鞍状关节 saddle joint* 屈 flexion* 伸 extension* 收 adduction* 展 abduction* 旋转 rotation* 环转 circumduction* 旋前 pronation* 旋后 supination* 外翻 eversion* 内翻 inversion* 背屈 dorsiflexion* 跖屈 plantarflexion** 椎骨 vertebrae** 脊柱 vertebral column* 椎管 vertebral canal* 椎体 vertedral body* 椎弓 vertebral arch** 椎间孔 intervertebral foramen* 椎孔 vertebral foramen* 棘突 spinous process** 横突 transverse process上关节突 superior articular process ** 颈椎 cervical vertebrae* 横突孔 transverse foramen* 寰椎 atlas侧块 lateral mass* 枢椎 axis齿突 dens** 胸椎 thoracic vertebral上肋凹 superior costal fovea** 腰椎 lumbar vertebrae** 骶骨 sacrum,sacral bone骶骨岬 sacral promontory* 骶管裂孔 sacral hiatus骶角 sacral horn** 尾骨 coccyx** 椎间盘 intervertebral disc* 纤维环 anulus fibrosus* 髓核 pulpiform nucleus* 黄韧带 ligaments flava寰枕关节 atlanto-occipital joint** 肋 ribs,costae* 肋软骨 costal cartilage* 肋沟 costal groove** 肋弓 costal arch** 胸骨 sternum胸骨柄 sternal manubrium胸骨体 sternal body** 剑突 xiphoid process** 胸骨角 sternal angle** 胸廓 thoracic cage肋椎关节 costovertebral joints胸肋关节 sternocostal joints** 枕骨 occipital bone枕骨髁 occipital condyle* 舌下神经管 hypoglossal canal* 枕骨大孔 foramen magnum枕外隆凸 external occipital protuberance * 蝶骨 sphenoid bone* 蝶鞍 sella turcica** 垂体窝 hypophysial fossa* 视神经管 optic canal鞍背 dorsum sellae破裂孔 foramen lacerum* 圆孔 foramen rotundum* 卵圆孔 foramen ovale* 棘孔 foramen spinosum* 眶上裂 superior orbital fissure 大翼 greater wings翼突 pterygoid process** 颞骨 temporal bone岩部 petrous portion* 乳突 mastoid process* 面神经管 facial canal肌咽鼓管 musculo-tubal canal* 内耳门 internal acoustic port* 茎突 styloid process* 茎乳孔 stylomastoid foramen* 外耳道 external acoustic meatus* 下颌窝 mandibular fossa** 顶骨 parietal bone** 额骨 frontal bone** 筛骨 ethmoid bone下鼻甲 inferior nasal concha泪骨 lacrimal bone鼻骨 nasal bone犁骨 vomer** 上颌骨 maxilla眶下孔 infraorbital foramen牙槽突 alveolar process切牙管 incisive canal* 腭骨 palatine bone* 颧骨 zygomatic bone** 下颌骨 mandible颏孔 mental foramen冠突 coronoid process下颌切迹 mandibular incisure** 舌骨 hyoid bone颅盖 clavaria外板 outer plate内板 inner plate* 板障 diploe** 颅前窝 anterior cranial fossa** 颅中窝 middle cranial fossa** 颅后窝 posterior cranial fossa颞窝 temporal fossa* 颧弓 zygomatic arch* 颞下窝 infratemporal fossa* 翼腭窝 pterygopalatine fossa** 翼点 pterion* 颈动脉管 carotid canal* 颈静脉孔 jugular foramen腭大孔 greater palatine foramen** 眶 orbit眶上孔 supraorbital foramen眶下孔 infraorbital foramen** 骨性鼻腔 bony nasal cavity** 鼻腔 nasal cavity** 鼻旁窦 paranasal sinus** 上颌窦 maxillary sinus* 蝶窦 sphenoidal sinus* 额窦 frontal sinus* 筛窦 ethmoidal sinus鼻中隔 nasal septum上(中，下)鼻道 superior(middle,inferior)nasal meatus 颅囟 cranial fontanelle前囟 anterior fontanelle冠状缝 coronary suture矢状缝 sagital suture人字缝 lamdoid suture** 颞下颌关节 temporomandibular joint** 肩胛骨 scapula* 肩峰 acromion* 关节盂 glenoid cavity* 喙突 coracoid process** 锁骨 clavicle** 肱骨 humerus大结节 greater tubercle小结节 lesser tubercle* 解剖颈 anatomical neck* 外科颈 surgical neck鹰嘴窝 olecranon fossa* 内上髁 medial epicondyle** 桡骨 radius环状关节面 articular circumference** 尺骨 ulna鹰嘴 olecranon滑车切迹 trochlear notch** 腕骨 carpal bones,carpus舟骨 scaphoid bone三角骨 triquetral bone豌豆骨 pisiform bone大多角骨 trapezium bone小多角骨 trapezoid bone头状骨 capitate bone钩骨 hamate bone** 掌骨 metacarpal bones** 指骨 phalanges of fingers* 胸锁关节 sternoclavicular joint** 肩关节 shoulder joint盂唇 glenoid labrum** 肘关节 elbow joint* 桡骨环状韧带 annular ligament of radius * 桡尺近侧关节 proximal radioulnar joint 桡尺远侧关节 distal radioulnar joint** 腕关节 wrist joint腕掌关节 carpometacarpal joint掌指关节 metacarpophalangeal joint指骨间关节 interphalangeal joint** 髋骨 hip bone* 髋臼 acetabulum* 闭孔 obturater foramen** 髂骨 ilium髂嵴 iliac crest** 坐骨 ischium** 耻骨 pubis** 骨盆 pelvis** 股骨 femur大转子 greater trochanter髁间窝 intercondylar fossa** 髌骨 patella** 胫骨 tibia髁间隆起 intercondylar eminence** 腓骨 fibula** 跗骨 tarsal bone,tarsus距骨 talus** 跟骨 calcaneus足舟骨 navicular bone内侧楔骨 medial cuneiform bone骰骨 cuboid bone** 跖骨 metatarsal bones** 趾骨 phalanges of toes* 耻骨联合 pubic symphysis* 骶髂关节 sacroiliac joint* 骶结节韧带 sacrotuberous ligament* 骶棘韧带 sacrospinous ligament** 髋关节 hip joint** 膝关节 knee joint* 半月板 meniscus* 交叉韧带 cruciate ligaments** 踝关节 ankle joint 跗骨间关节 intertarsal joint距下关节(距跟关节) subtalar joint跗横关节 transverse tarsal joint跗跖关节 tarsometatarsal joints跖趾关节 metatarsophalangeal joints(二)肌肉 muscles肌学 myology** 肌 muscle** 骨骼肌 skeletal muscle** 肌腹 muscle belly** 肌头 head of muscle腱膜 aponeurosis起点 origin止点 insertion** 筋膜 fascia* 浅筋膜 superficial fascia* 深筋膜 deep fascia滑膜囊 synovial bursa* 腱鞘 tendinous sheath** 斜方肌 trapezius** 背阔肌 latissimus dorsi** 竖脊肌 erector spinae胸腰筋膜 thoracolumbar fascia颈阔肌 platysma** 胸锁乳突肌 sternocleidomastoid** 斜角肌 scalenus** 胸大肌 pectoralis major* 胸小肌 pectoralis minor* 前锯肌 serratus anterior** 膈 diaphragm** 中心腱 central tendon** 腹直肌 rectus abdominis** 腹直肌鞘 sheath of rectus abdominis 白线 linea alba** 腹外斜肌 obliquus externus abdominis** 腹内斜肌 obliquus internus abdominis** 腹横肌 transversus abdominis** 腰大肌 psoas major** 髂腰肌 iliopsoas** 腹股沟韧带 inguinal ligament* 腹股沟管 inguinal canal腹股沟管线环 superficial inguinal ring* 面肌 facial muscles枕额肌 occipitofrontal muscle帽状腱膜 gelea aponeurotica** 咀嚼肌 masticatory muscles咬肌 masseter颞肌 temporalis** 三角肌 deltoid大圆肌 teres major** 肱二头肌 biceps brachii** 肱三头肌 triceps brachii* 肱桡肌 brachioradialis* 旋前圆肌 pronator teres* 桡侧腕屈肌 flexor carpi radialis* 掌长肌 palmaris longus* 尺侧腕屈肌 flexor carpi ulnaris* 指浅屈肌 flexor digitorum superficialis指深屈肌 flexor digitorum profundus拇长屈肌 flexor pollicis longus旋前方肌 pronator quadratus桡侧腕长伸肌 extensor carpi radialis longus 桡侧腕短伸肌 extensor carpi radialis brevis 指伸肌 extensor digitorum* 旋后肌 supinator* 蚓状肌 lumbricales* 骨间肌 interossei** 臀大肌 gluteus maximus** 梨状肌 piriformis** 股四头肌 quadriceps femoris** 髌韧带 patellar ligament缝匠肌 sartorius* 股二头肌 biceps femoris* 半腱肌 semitendinosus* 半膜肌 semimembranosus* 腓骨长肌 peroneus longus* 腓骨短肌 peroneus brevis* 胫骨前肌 tibialis anterior** 小腿三头肌 triceps surae* 腓肠肌 gastrocnemius* 比目鱼肌 soleus* 跟腱 tendo calcaneus内脏学 splanchnology(一)消化系统 digestive system** 内脏学 splanchology** 内脏 viscera** 消化系统 digestive system** 口腔 mouth cavity** 唇 lip颊 cheek腭 palatine* 牙 tooth,teeth牙髓 dental pulp切牙 incisor teeth尖牙 canine teeth前磨牙 premolar teeth磨牙 molar teeth恒牙 permanent teeth乳牙 deciduous teeth** 唾液腺 salivary gland舌下腺 sublingual gland下颌下腺 submandibular gland腮腺 parotid gland* 舌 tongue味蕾 taste bud,gustatory bud舌乳头 papillae of tongue** 咽 pharynx* 咽峡 isthmus of fauces咽腔 cavity of pharynx* 扁桃体 tonsil** 食管 esophagus** 胃 stomach胃大弯 greater curvature of stomach 胃小弯 lesser curvature of stomach 角切迹 angular incisure贲门部 cardial part幽门部 pyloric part幽门 pylorus* 小肠 small intestine** 十二指肠 duodenum** 空肠 jejunum** 回肠 ileum** 大肠 large intestine* 盲肠 caecum** 阑尾 vermiform appendix** 结肠 colon* 升结肠 ascending colon* 横结肠 transverse colon* 降结肠 descending clolon* 乙状结肠 sigmoid colon** 直肠 rectum** 肛门 anus* 肛管 anal canal** 肝 liver** 胆囊 gallbladder胆囊管 cystic duct** 胆总管 common bile duct** 胰 pancreas(二)呼吸系统 respiratory system* 呼吸系统 respiratory system 外鼻 external nose** 喉 larynx甲状软骨 thyroid cartilage环状软骨 cricoid cartilage杓状软骨 arytenoid cartilage弹性圆锥 conus elasticus喉肌 laryngeal muscles会厌 epiglottis会厌软骨 epiglottic cartilage喉腔 laryngeal cavity声门 glottis** 声带 vocal fold** 气管 trachea** 支气管 bronchus** 肺 lung* 肺门 hilum of lung* 支气管肺段 bronchopulmonary segment ** 胸腔 thoracic cavity** 胸膜 pleura** 纵隔 mediastinum(三)泌尿生殖系统 urogenital system* 泌尿生殖系统 urogenital system* 泌尿系统 urinary system* 肾 kidney* 肾盂 renal pelvis* 肾盏 renal calices** 输尿管 ureter** 膀胱 urinary bladder** 膀胱三角 trigone of bladder** 尿道 urethra** 男性生殖器 male genital organs** 睾丸 testis白膜 tunica albuginea** 附睾 epididymis** 输精管 ductus deferens输精管壶腹 ampulla of ductus deferens * 射精管 ejaculatory duct* 精索 spermatic cord睾丸鞘膜 sheath of testicle精囊 seminal vesicle** 前列腺 prostate** 阴茎 penis阴茎头 glans of penis阴茎包皮 prepuce尿道外口 external urethral orifice* 阴囊 scrotum** 女性生殖器 female genital organs** 卵巢 ovary** 输卵管 uterine tube输卵管伞 fimbriae of uterine tube子宫峡 isthmus of uterus子宫颈 cervix of uterus子宫口 ostium of uterus子宫阔韧带 broad ligament of uterus** 阴道 vagina处女膜 hymen阴道穹 fornix of vagina大阴唇 labia majora阴道口 vaginal orifice阴蒂 clitoris** 乳房 mamma,breast** 乳腺 mammary gland* 会阴 perineum** 坐骨肛门窝 ischioanal fossa(四)腹膜 peritoneum** 腹膜 peritoneum* 腹膜腔 peritoneal cavity* 壁腹膜 parietal peritoneum* 脏腹膜 visceral peritoneum** 网膜 omentum* 大网膜 greater omentum网膜囊 omental bursa网膜孔 omental foramen* 肝胃韧带 hepatogastric ligament* 肝十二指肠韧带 hepatoduodenal ligament 肝镰状韧带 falciform ligament of liver肝冠状韧带 coronary ligament of liver* 胃脾韧带 gastrosplenic ligament* 脾肾韧带 splenorenal ligament** 肠系膜 mesentery结肠系膜 mesocolon阑尾系膜 mesoappendix胃结肠韧带 gastrocolic ligament回盲襞 ileocaecal fold肝肾隐窝 hepatorenal recess** 直肠子宫陷凹 rectouterine pouch* 膀胱子宫陷凹 vesicouterine pouch** 直肠肠膀陷凹 rectovesical pouch脉管学 angiology** 脉管学 angiology** 脉管系统 vascular system(一)心血管系统 cardiovascular system** 心血管系统 cardiovascular system** 动脉 artery** 静脉 vein** 毛细血管 capillary吻合 anastomosis心底 cardiac base心尖 cardiac apex* 冠状窦 coronary sinus** 右心房 right atrium右心耳 right auricle** 右心室 right ventricle右房室口 right atrioventricular orifice ** 三尖瓣 tricuspid valve** 左心房 left atrium左心耳 left auricle** 左心室 left ventricle** 二尖瓣 mitral valve肉柱 trabeculae carneae乳头肌 papillary muscles肌腱 tendinous cords卵圆窝 oval fossa* 室上嵴 supraventricular crest** 动脉圆锥 conus arteriosus** 肺动脉瓣 pulmonary valve** 主动脉瓣 aortic valve心内膜 endocardium心肌层 myocardium心外膜 epicardium* 房间隔 interatrial septum* 室间隔 interventricular septum** 窦房结 sinuatrial node* 房室结 atrioventricular node* 房室束 atrioventricular bundle 右束支 right bundle branch左束支 left bundle branch** 心包 pericardium肺动脉干 pulmonary trunk* 动脉韧带 arterial ligament** 主动脉 aorta* 升主动脉 ascending aorta** 冠状动脉 cornary arteries** 主动脉弓 aortic arch头臂干 brachiocephalic trunk** 颈总动脉 common carotid artery颈动脉小球 carotid glomus颈动脉窦 carotid sinus** 颈外动脉 external carotid artery* 甲状颈干 thyrocervical trunk* 甲状腺上动脉 superior thyroid artery 舌动脉 lingual artery面动脉 facial artery* 颞浅动脉 superficial temporal artery 上颌动脉 maxillary artery** 颈内动脉 internal carotid artery** 锁骨下动脉 subclavian artery腋动脉 axillary artery* 肱动脉 brachial artery* 桡动脉 radial artery尺动脉 ulnar artery掌浅弓 superficial palmar arch* 降主动脉 descending aorta* 胸主动脉 thoracic aorta** 腹主动脉 abdominal aorta** 腹腔干 coeliac trunk** 胃左动脉 left gastric artery** 肝总动脉 common hepatic artery** 脾动脉 splenic artery** 肠系膜上动脉 superior mesenteric artery ** 肠系膜下动脉 inferior mensenteric artery * 肾动脉 renal artery* 睾丸动脉 testicular artery* 卵巢动脉 ovarian artery** 髂总动脉 common iliac artery** 髂内动脉 internal iliac artery臀上动脉 superior gluteal artery臀下动脉 inferior gluteal artery闭孔动脉 obturator artery* 阴部内动脉 internal pudendal artery* 子宫动脉 uterus artery** 髂外动脉 external iliac artery* 股动脉 femoral artery股深动脉 profunda femoris artery动脉 popliteal artery胫前动脉 anterior tibial artery胫后动脉 posterior tibial artery足背动脉 dorsal pedal artery肺静脉 pulmonary veins** 上腔静脉 superior vena cavea头臂静脉(无名静脉) brachiocephalic vein,innominate vein 颈内静脉 internal jugular vein翼丛 pterygoid plexus* 颈外静脉 external jugular vein锁骨下静脉 subclavian vein肱静脉 brachial vein* 头静脉 cephalic vein* 贵要静脉 basilic vein* 肘正中静脉 median cubital vein* 奇静脉 azygos vein** 半奇静脉 hemiazygos vein椎静脉丛 vertebral venous plexus** 下腔静脉 inferior vena cava髂总静脉 common iliac vein髂内静脉 internal iliac vein髂外静脉 external iliac vein* 股静脉 femoral vein小隐静脉 small saphenous vein** 大隐静脉 great saphenous vein国静脉 popliteal vein** 肝门静脉 portal vein附脐静脉 paraumbilical vein** 肠系膜上静脉 superior mesenteric vein** 脾静脉 splenic vein** 肠系膜下静脉 inferior mensenteric vein直肠静脉丛 rectal venous plexus(二)淋巴系统 lymphatic system** 淋巴系统 lymphatic system毛细淋巴管 lymphatic capillary淋巴管 lymphatic vessels淋巴干 lymphatic trunks* 淋巴导管 lymphatic ducts** 淋巴结 lymph nodes** 胸导管 thoracic duct乳糜池 cisterna chyli腰干 lumbar trunks肠干 intestinal trunk** 右淋巴导管 right lymphatic duct* 下颌下淋巴管 submandibular lymph nodes* 颈外侧淋巴管 lateral cervical lymph nodes** 锁骨上淋巴结 supraclavicular lymph nodes* 腋淋巴结 axillary lymph nodes* 支气管肺淋巴结 bronchopulmonary hilar lymph nodes* 腰淋巴结 lumbar lymph nodes* 腹腔淋巴结 coeliac lymph nodes** 肠系膜淋巴结 mesenteric lymph nodes 髂总淋巴结 common iliac lymph nodes 髂外淋巴结 external iliac lymph nodes 髂内淋巴结 internal iliac lymph nodes ** 腹股沟淋巴结 inguinal lymph nodes ** 脾 spleen** 胸腺 thymus感觉器 sensory organs** 感觉器 sensory organs(一)视器 visual organ** 视器 visual organ** 眼 eye** 眼球 eyeball* 巩膜 sclera** 角膜 cornea脉络膜 choroid** 睫状体 ciliary body** 虹膜 iris** 瞳孔 pupil** 视网膜 retina* 视神经盘 optic disc* 黄斑 macula lutea虹膜角膜角(前房角) iridocorneal angle * 房水 aqueouse humor** 玻璃体 vitreous body** 晶状体 lens眼副器 accessory organs of eye* 眼睑 eyelids** 结膜 conjunctiva** 泪腺 lacrimal gland泪点 lacrimal punctum泪小管 lacrimal ductule* 泪囊 lacrimal sac鼻泪管 nasolacrimal duct* 眼球外肌 ocular muscles眼动脉 ophthalmic artery(二)前庭蜗器 vestibulocochlear organ** 前庭蜗器 vestibulocochlear organ** 耳 ear外耳 external ear耳郭 auricle* 外耳道 external acoustic meatus 中耳 middle ear** 鼓室 tympanic cavity* 鼓膜 tympanic membrane* 前庭窗 fenestra vestibuli蜗窗 fenestra cochleae听小骨 auditory ossicles** 咽鼓管 auditory tube* 乳突窦 mastoid antrum乳突小房 mastoid cells内耳 internal ear* 骨迷路 bony labyrinth* 骨半规管 bony semicircular canals** 前庭 vestibule** 耳蜗 cochlea* 膜迷路 membranous labyrinth* 膜半规管 membranous semicircular ducts ** 椭圆囊 utricle** 球囊 saccule** 蜗管 cochlear duct** 螺旋器 spiral organ(三)其他感觉器 other sensory organs嗅器 olfactory organ味器 gustatory organ皮肤 skin表皮 epidermis真皮 dermis,corium体毛 hairs毛囊 hair follicle立毛肌 arrectores pilorum指四 nail of finger神经系统 nervous system** 神经系统 nervous system** 中枢神经系统 central nervous system** 周围神经系统 peripheral nervous system ** 神经元 neuron** 神经胶质 neuroglia* 树突 dendrite* 轴突 axon单极神经元 unipolar neuron假单极神经元 pseudounipolar neuron双极神经元 bipolar neuron多极神经元 multipolar neuron* 感觉神经元 sensory neuron* 运动神经元 motor neuron* 联络神经元 associate neuron尼氏体 nissl bodies神经原纤维 neurofibril** 神经纤维 nerve fiber神经膜 neurolemma* 髓鞘 myelin sheath* 突触 synapse突触前部 presynaptic part突触后部 postsynaptic part突触间隙 synaptic cleft突触小泡 synaptic vesicles** 灰质 gray matter** 白质 white matter* 皮质 cortex* 髓质 medulla** 神经核 nucleus** 纤维束 tract** 神经节 ganglion** 神经 nerve神经内膜 endoneurium神经束膜 perineurium神经外膜 epineurium星形细胞 astrocyte少突胶质细胞 oligodendrocyte小胶质 microglia室管膜 ependyma(一)周围神经系统 peripheral nervous system ** 脊神经 spinal nerves前根 ventral root** 脊神经节 spinal ganglion颈神经 cervical nerve胸神经 thoracic nerve腰神经 lumbar nerve骶神经 sacral nerve尾神经 coccygeal nerve** 颈丛 cervical plexus** 膈神经 phrenic nerve** 臂丛 brachial plexus胸长神经 long thoracic nerve胸背神经 thoracodorsal nerve** 肌皮神经 musculocutaneous nerve** 腋神经 axillary nerve** 正中神经 median nerve** 桡神经 radial nerve** 尺神经 ulnar nerve* 胸神经 thoracic nerves肋间神经 intercostal nerve** 腰丛 lumbar plexus腰骶干 lumbosacral trunk** 股神经 femoral nerve* 闭孔神经 obturator nerve** 骶丛 sacral plexus** 坐骨神经 sciatic nerve** 胫神经 tibial nerve** 腓总神经 common peroneal nerve* 腓浅神经 superficial peroneal nerve* 腓深神经 deep peroneal nerve* 阴部神经 pudendal nerve** 脑神经 cranial nerves** 嗅神经 olfactory nerve** 视神经 optic nerve** 动眼神经 oculomotor nerve* 睫状神经节 ciliary ganglion** 滑车神经 trochlear nerve** 三叉神经 trigeminal nerve半月神经节(三叉神经节) semilunar ganglion * 眼神经 ophthalmic nerve* 上颌神经 maxillary nerve* 下颌神经 mandibular nerve眶下神经 infraorbital nerve耳颞神经 auriculotemporal nerve* 舌神经 lingual nerve下牙槽神经 inferior alveolar nerve** 展神经 abducent nerve** 面神经 facial nerve* 鼓索 chorda tympani* 翼腭神经节 pterygopalatine ganglion* 下颌下神经节 submandibular ganglion** 前庭蜗神经 vestibulocochlear nerve* 前庭神经 vestibular nerve* 蜗神经 cochlear nerve** 舌咽神经 glossopharyngeal nerve** 耳神经节 otic ganglion** 迷走神经 vagus nerve** 喉返神经 recurrent laryngeal nerve 喉上神经 superior laryngeal nerve** 副神经 accessory nerve** 舌下神经 hypoglossal nerve** 自主神经系统 autonomic nervous system内脏神经系统 visceral nervous system** 交感神经 sympathetic nerve** 副交感神经 parasympathetic nerve* 交感干 sympathetic trunk交感干神经节 ganglia of sympathetic trunk 交通支 communicating branches内脏大神经 greater splanchnic nerve内脏小神经 lesser splanchnic nerve心丛 cardiac plexus腹腔丛 coeliac plexus* 腹腔神经节 coeliac ganglion下腹下丛(盆丛) inferior hypogastric plexus 盆内脏神经 pelvic splanchnic nerves(二)中枢神经系统 ecntral nervous system** 脊髓 spinal cord** 脊髓圆锥 conus mudullaris终丝 filum terminal* 马尾 cauda equina* 颈膨大 cervical enlargement* 腰骶膨大 lumbosacral enlargement 前角 anterior horn后角 posterior horn侧角 lateral horn** 网状结构 reticular formation前索 anterior funiculus外侧索 lateral funiculus后索 posterior funiculus* 胶状质 substantia gelatinosa** 胸核 thoracic nucleus** 皮质脊髓束 corticospinal tract** 薄束 fasciculus gracilis** 楔束 fasciculus cuneatus** 脊髓丘脑束 spinothalamic tract** 脑 brain** 脑干 brain stem** 延髓 medulla oblongata* 锥体 pyramid** 锥体交叉 pyramidal decussation* 橄榄 olive* 薄束结节 gracilis tubercule* 楔束结节 cuneate tubercule* 小脑下脚 inferior cerebellar peduncle ** 脑桥 pons* 小脑中脚 middle cerebellar peduncle* 小脑上脚 superior cerebellar peduncle** 第四脑室 fourth ventricle* 菱形窝 rhomboid fossa髓纹 striae medullares内侧隆起 medial eminence* 面神经丘 facial colliculus* 舌下神经三角 hypoglossal trigone* 迷走神经三角 vagal trigone* 前庭区 vestibular area* 听结节 acoustic tubercle** 中脑 midbrain,mesencephalon* 下丘 inferior colliculus* 上丘 superior colliculus** 大脑脚 crus cerebri* 舌下神经核 hypoglossal nucleus* 迷走神经背核 dorsal nucleus of vagus** 内侧丘系交叉 decussation of medial lemniscus ** 内侧丘系 medial lemniscus* 三叉神经脊束 spinal trigeminal tract* 三叉神经脊束核 spinal trigeminal nucleus* 孤束核 solitary nucleus* 疑核 ambiguous nucleus* 脑桥核 pontine nuclei** 锥体束 pyramidal tract** 斜方体 trapezoid body** 外侧丘系 lateral lemniscus* 展神经核 nucleus of abducent nerve* 面神经核 nucleus of facial nerve蓝斑 locus ceruleus** 中脑水管 cerebral aqueduct* 黑质 substantia nigra* 红核 red nucleus* 滑车神经核 nucleus of trochlear nerve* 动眼神经核 nucleus of oculomotor nerve 中缝核 raphe nuclei** 小脑 cerebellun** 小脑蚓 vermis of cerebellum** 小脑半球 cerebellar hemisphere古小脑(原小脑) archicerebellum绒球小结叶 flocculonodular lobe* 原裂 primary fissure旧小脑 paleocerebellum新小脑 neocerebellum* 小脑皮质 cerebelar cortex* 齿状核 dentate nucleus** 间脑 diencephalon** 背侧丘脑 dorsal thalamus腹前核 ventral anterior nucleus腹中间核 ventral intermediate nucleus** 腹后外侧核 ventral posterolateral nucleus 腹后内侧核 ventral posteromedial nucleus枕 pulvinar后丘脑 merathalamus** 内侧膝状体 medial geniculate body** 外侧膝状体 lateral geniculate body 上丘脑 epithalamus底丘脑 subthalamus** 下丘脑 hypothalamus** 视交叉 optic chiasma* 乳头体 mammillary body** 第三脑室 third ventricle** 端脑 telencephalon** 大脑 cerebrum** 大脑半球 cerebral hemispheres* 外侧沟 lateral sulcus* 中央沟 central sulcus** 额叶 frontal lobe* 中央前沟 precentral sulcus** 中央前回 precentral gyrus* 额下回 inferior frontal gyrus** 顶叶 parietal lobe* 中央后沟 postcentral sulcus** 中央后回 postcentral gyrus缘上回 supramarginal gyrus* 角回 angular gyrus** 枕叶 occipital lobe** 颞叶 temporal lobe** 颞横回 transverse temporal gyrus* 颞上回 superior temporal gyrus* 岛叶 insula* 中央旁小叶 paracentral lobule* 顶枕沟 parieto-occipital sulcus* 距状沟 calcarine sulcus海马沟 hippocampal sulcus* 舌回 lingual gyrus楔叶 cuneus** 边缘叶 limbic lobe** 边缘系统 limbic system* 扣带回 cingulate gyrus* 海马旁回 parahippocampal gyrus 钩 uncus海马结构 hippocampal formation* 海马 hippocampus齿状回 dentate gyrus** 侧脑室 lateral ventricle** 基底核 basal nuclei* 尾状核 caudate nucleus* 豆状核 lenticular nucleus* 壳 putamen* 苍白球 globus pallidus** 纹状体 corpus striatum屏状核 claustrum杏仁体 amygdaloid body** 胼胝体 corpus callosum* 穹隆 fornix** 内囊 internal capsule嗅脑 rhinencephalon嗅球 oflactory bulb嗅束 olfactory tract嗅三角 olfactory trigone** 大脑皮质 cerebral cortex古皮质 archicortex旧皮质 paleocortex新皮质 neocortex** 硬膜 dura mater* 大脑镰 falx cerebri小脑镰 falx cerebelli* 小脑幕 tentorium cerebelli幕切迹 tentorial notch** 硬脑膜窦 dural sinus** 蛛网膜 arachnoid** 蛛网膜下隙 subarachnoid space 小脑延髓池 cerebellomedullary cistern * 蛛网膜粒 arachnoid granulation 终池 terminal cistern** 软膜 pia mater齿状韧带 denticulate ligament* 海绵窦 cavernous sinus* 大脑前动脉 anterior cerebral artery ** 大脑中动脉 middle cerebral artery* 大脑后动脉 posterior cerebral artery ** 基底动脉 basilar artery** 大脑动脉环 cerebral arterial circle* 大脑大静脉 great cerebral vein** 脑脊液 cerebrospinal fluid* 脉络丛 choroid plexus内分泌腺 endocrine glands** 内分泌腺 endocrine glands** 甲状腺 thyroid gland** 甲状旁腺 parathyroid gland** 垂体 hypophysis** 松果体 pineal body** 肾上腺 suprarenal gland胰岛 pancreatic insula符号说明：1名词前标记有**者为必需掌握的名词；2名词前标记有*者为应熟翻的名词；3名词前无标记者为应了解的名词。
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运动篇英文词汇anatomical position [7AnE5tCmikEl pE5ziFEn]解剖学姿势superior [sju:5piEriE]上inferior[in5fiEriE]下cranial [5kreinjEl]颅侧caudal [5kC:dl]尾侧anterior [An5tiEriE]前ventral [5ventrEl]腹侧posterior [pCs5tiEriE]后dorsal [5dC:sEl]背侧medial [ 5mi:djEl]内侧lateral [5lAtErEl ]外侧internal [in5tE:nl]内external [eks5tE:nl]外superficial [sju:pE5fiFEl]浅profoundal [prE5faundl]深proximal [5prCksimEl]近侧distal [5distEl]远侧ulnar [Ql5nE]尺侧radial [5reidjEl]桡侧tibial [9tIbIEl]胫侧fibular [5fibju5lE]腓侧left [left]左right [rait]右vertical [5vE:tikEl]垂直horizontal [7hCri5zCntl]水平central [sen5trB:l]中央vertical axis [5vE:tikEl 5Aksis]垂直轴sagittal axis [sAgitl5Aksis]矢状轴sagittal plane [sAgitl5plein]矢状面frontal plane [frontal5plein]冠状面horizontal plane [7hCri5zCntl 5plein]水平面（横切面）variation [variation]变异abnormal [Ab5nC:mEl]异常bone [bEun]骨long bone [lCN bEun]长骨diaphysis [dai5Afisis]骨干shaft [FB:ft]骨干nutrient foramen [5nju:triEnt fE5reimen]滋养孔epiphysis [i5pifisis]骺articular surface [B:5tikjulE 5sE:fis]关节面metaphysis [mi5tAfisis]干骺端epiphysil cartilage [7epifisl 5kB:tilidV]骺软骨epiphysial line [7epifisl lain ]骺线short bone [FC:t bEun]短骨flat bone [flAt bEun]扁骨irregular bone [i5re^julE bEun ]不规则骨pneumatic bone [ nju(:)5mAtik bEun ]含气骨sesamoid bone [ 5sesEmCid bEun ]籽骨compact bone [5kRmpAkt bEun ]骨密质spongy bone [5spQndVi bEun ]骨松质trabecullae [trE5bekjule ]骨小梁dipole [5daipEul ]板障periosteum [7peri5CstiEm ]骨膜endosteum [en5dCstiEm]骨内膜bone marrow [bEun 5mArEu]骨髓red bone marrow [red bEun 5mArEu]红骨髓yellow bone marrow [5jelEu bEun 5mArEu]黄骨髓vertebrae [5vE:tibre]椎骨vertebral body [5vE:tibrEl 5bCdi]椎体vertebral foramen [5vE:tibrEl fE5reimen]椎孔vertebral canal [5vE:tibrEl kE5nAl]椎管vertebral arch [5vE:tibrEl B:tF]椎弓pedicle of vertebral arch [`pedIkl Ef 5vE:tibrEl B:tF]椎弓根intervertebral foramina [7intE(:)5vE:tibrEl 7fC:rE5minE]椎间孔lamina of vertebral arch [`5lAminE Ef 5vE:tibrEl B:tF]椎弓板spinous process [`5spainEs prE5ses]棘突transverse process [`5trAnzvE:s prE5ses]横突articular process [`B:5tikjulE prE5ses F]关节突thoracic vertebrae [`WC(:)5rAsik 5vE:tibrE]胸椎cervical vertebrae [`5sE:vikEl 5vE:tibrE]颈椎transverse foramen [`5trAnzvE:s fE5reimen]横突孔atlas [5AtlEs]寰椎axis [5Aksis]枢椎vertebrae prominens [5vE:tibrE prCminEns]隆椎lumbar vertebrae [`5lQmbE 5vE:tibrE]腰椎sacrum [5seikrEm]骶骨sacral bone [5seikrEl bEun]骶骨promontory [5prCmEntEri]岬sacral hiatus [5seikrEl hai5eitEs]骶管裂孔sacral cornu [5seikrEl 5kC:nju:]骶角coccyx [5kCksiks]尾骨sternum [5stE:nEm]胸骨manubrium [`pedIkl Ef 5vE:tibrEl B:tF]胸骨柄jugular notch [5dVQ^julE nCtF]颈静脉切迹sternal angle [5stE:nl 5AN^l]胸骨角body of sternum [5bCdi Ef5stE:nEm]胸骨体xiphoid process [5zifCid prE5ses]剑突ribs [ribs]肋costal head [5kCstl hed]肋头costal neck [5kCstl nek]肋颈costal tubercle [5kCstl `tjU:bEkl]肋结节shaft of rib [FB:ft Ef rib]肋体costal angle [5kCstl 5AN^l]肋角costal cartilage [5kCstl 5kB:tilidV]肋软骨skull [skQl]颅calvaria [kAl`veErIE]颅盖frontal bone [5frQntl bEun]额骨ethmoid bone [5eWmCid bEun]筛骨sphenoid bone [5sfi:nCid bEun]蝶骨hypophysial fossa [9haIpEJ`fIzIEl 5fCsE]垂体窝greater wing [5^reItE wiN]大翼formen rotundum [5fC:mEn 7rCtjuEm]圆孔formen ovale [5fC:mEn 5EuvEle]卵圆孔formen spinosum [5fC:mEn 5spainEsEm]棘孔lesser wing [55lesE wiN]小翼optic canal [5Cptik kE5nAl ]视神经管superior orbital fissure [sju:5piEriE 5C:bitl 5fiFE]眶上裂pterygoid process [5(p)teri^Cid prE5ses]翼突pterygoid canal [5(p)teri^Cid kE5nAl]翼管temporal bone [5tempErEl bEun]颞骨squamous part [5skweimEs pa:t]鳞部mandubular fossa [mAn5dju:bju:lE 5fCsE]下颌窝articular tubercle [B:5tikjulE `tjU:bEkl]关节结节tympanic part [tim5pAnik pa:t]鼓部petrous part(pyramid) [5petrEs pa:t(5pirEmid)]岩部（锥部）internal acoustic pore [in5tE:nl E5ku:stIk 7pC:r]内耳门carotid canal [kE5rCtid kE5nAl]颈动脉管styloid process [5stailCid prE5ses]茎突mastoid process [5mAstCid prE5ses]乳突stylomastoid formen [7stailEu5mAstCid 5fC:mEn]茎乳孔occipital bone [Ck5sipitl bEun]枕骨foramen magnum [ 5fC:mEn 5mA^nEm]枕骨大孔parietal bone [pE5raiEtEl bEun]顶骨mandible [5mAndibl]下颌骨mental formen [5mentl 5fC:mEn]颏孔ramus of mandible [5reimEs Ef 5mAndibl]下颌支head of mandible [hed Ef 5mAndibl]下颌头neck of mandible [5nek Ef 5mAndib ]下颌颈angle of mandible [5AN^l Ef 5mAndib]下颌角mandibular formen [mAn5dibjulE 5fC:mEn]下颌孔hyoid bone [5haiCid bEun]舌骨vomer [`vEJmE(r) ]犁骨maxilla [mAk5silE]上颌骨frontal process [5frQntl prE5ses]额突zygomatic process [zai^Eu5mAtik prE5ses]颧突alveolar process [Al5viElE prE5ses]牙槽突palatine bone [5pAlEtain bEun]腭骨nasal bone [5neizEl bEun]鼻骨lacrimal bone [5lAkrimEl bEun]泪骨inferior nasal concha [in5fiEriE 5neizEl 5kCNkE]下鼻甲zygomatic bone [zai^Eu5mAtik bEun]颧骨coronal suture [5kCrEnl 5sju:tFE]冠状缝sagittal suture [5sAdVitl 5sju:tFE]矢状缝lambdoid suture [5lAmdCid 5sju:tFE]人字缝external occipital protuberance [eks5tE:nl Ck5sipitl prE5tju:bErEns]枕外隆突anterior cranial fossa [An5tiEriE 5kreinjEl 5fCsE]颅前窝middle cranial fossa [5midl 5kreinjEl 5fCsE]颅中窝foramen lacerum [fE5reimen 5leisErEm]破裂孔posterior cranial fossa [pCs5tiEriE 5kreinjEl 5fCsE]颅后窝clivus [5klaivEs]斜坡internal occipital protuberance [in5tE:nl Ck5sipitl prE5tju:bErEns]枕内隆突jugular foramen [5dVQ^julE fE5reimen]颈静脉孔pterion [5(p)tiEriCn]翼点infratemporal fossa [7infrE5tempErl 5fCsE]颞下窝pterygopalatine fossa [7teri^E 5pAlEtin 5fCsE]翼腭窝frontal squama [5frQntl 5skweimE]额鳞orbit [5C:bit]眶nasolacrimal canal [neizEu5lAkrimEl kE5nAl]鼻泪管inferior orbital fissure [in5fiEriE 5C:bitl 5fiFE]眶下裂bony nasal cavity [5bEuni 5neizEl 5kAviti]骨性鼻腔superior nasal meatus [sju:5piEriE 5neizEl mi(:)5eitEs]上鼻道middle nasal meatus [midl 5neizEl mi(:)5eitEs]中鼻道inferior nasal meatus [in5fiEriE 5neizEl mi(:)5eitEs]下鼻道paranasal sinuses [7pArE5neizEl 5sainEses]鼻旁窦frontal sinus [5frQntl 5sainEses]额窦ethmoidal cellules (ethmoidal sinuses) [eW5mCidEl 5selju:ls]筛小房sphenoidal sinus [5sfi:nCidl 5sainEs]蝶窦maxillary sinus [mAk`sIlErI 5sainEs]上颌窦oral cavity [5C:rEl 5kAviti]骨性口腔cranial fontanelle [5kreinjEl 7fCntE5nels]颅囟anterior fontanelle [An5tiEriE 7fCntE5nel]前囟（额囟）posterior fontanelle [pCs5tiEriE 7fCntE5nel]后囟（枕囟）clavicle [5klAvikl]锁骨scapula [5skApjulE]肩胛骨subscapular fossa [sQb5skApjulE 5fCsE]肩胛下窝spine of scapula [spain Ef 5skApjulE]肩胛冈superaspinous fossa [7sju:pE5spainEs 5fCsE]冈上窝spine of scapula [spain Ef 5skApjulE]冈下窝acromion [E`krEJmIEn]肩峰coracoid process [5kCrEkCid prE5ses]喙突glenoid cavity [5^li:nCid 5kAviti]关节盂humerus [5hju:mErEs]肱骨head of humerus [5hed Ef 5hju:mErEs]肱骨头anatomical neck [7AnE5tCmikEl nek]解剖颈greater tubercle [greitE `tjU:bEkl]大结节lesser tubercle [lesE `tjU:bEkl]小结节surgical neck [5sE:dVikEl nek]外科颈deltoidtuberosity [5deltCidtju:bE5rCsiti]三角肌粗隆sulcus of radial nerve [5sQlkEs Ef 5reidjEl nE:v]桡神经沟capitulum of humerus [kE5pitFElEm Ef 5hju:mErEs]肱骨小头trochlea of humerus [5trCkliE Ef 5hju:mErEs]肱骨滑车lateral epicondyle [5lAtErEl 7epi5kCndail]外上髁medial epicondyle [5mi:djEl 7epi5kCndail]内上髁radius [5reidjEs]桡骨head of radius [hed Ef 5reidjEs]桡骨头neck of radius [nek Ef 5reidjEs]桡骨颈radial tuberosity [5reidjEl tju:bE5rCsiti]桡骨粗隆styloid process [5stailCid prE5ses]茎突ulna [5QlnE]尺骨trochlear notch [5trCkliE nCtF]滑车切迹olecranon [Eu5lekrEnCn]鹰嘴coronoid process [5kCrEnCid prE5ses]冠突ulnar tuberosity [5QlnE tju:bE5rCsiti]尺骨粗隆head of ulna [5hed Cf 5QlnE]尺骨头styloid process [5stailCid prE5ses]尺骨茎突carpal bones [kB:pl bEun s]腕骨scaphoid bone [5skAfCid bEun ]手舟骨lunate bone [5lu:neit bEun]月骨pisiform bone [5paisifC:m bEun ]豌豆骨trapezium bone [trE5pi:zjEm bEun]大多角骨trapezoid bone [5trApizCid bEun]小多角骨capitate bone [`kApIteIt bEun]头状骨hamate bone [5heimeit bEun]钩骨metacarpal bones [7metE5kB:pl bEun s]掌骨phalanges of fingers [fA5lAndVi:z Ef 5fiN^Es]指骨hip bone [5hip bEun]髋骨ilium [5iliEm]髂骨iliac crest [5iliAk krest]髂嵴anterior superior iliac [An5tiEriE sju:5piEriE iliAk spain]髂前上棘posterior superior iliac spine [pCs5tiEriE sju:5piEriE iliAk spain]髂后上棘tubercle of iliac crest [`tjU:bEkl Ef 5iliAk krest]髂结节greater sciatic notch [5^reItE sai5Atik nCtF]坐骨大切迹iliac fossa [5iliAk 5fCsE]髂窝arcuate line [`B:kjJeIt lain]弓状线ischum [`IskIEm]坐骨ischial spine [`IskIEl spain]坐骨棘lesser sciatic notch [5lesE sai5Atik nCtF]坐骨小切迹ischial tuberosity [`IskIEl tju:bE5rCsiti]坐骨结节pubis [5pju:bis]耻骨pecten pubis [5pektEn 5pju:bis]耻骨梳pubic tubercle [5pju:bik `tjU:bEkl]耻骨结节symphysial surface [7sim5fiziEl 5sE:fis]耻骨联合面obturator foramen [`CbtjJEreItE(r) fE5reimen]闭孔acetabulum [Asi5tAbjulEm]髋臼lunate surface [5lu:neit 5sE:fis]月状面femur [5fi:mE]股骨femoral head [5femErEl hed]股骨头neck of femur [nek Ef 5fi:mE]股骨颈greater trochanter [5^reItE(r) trEu5kAntE]大转子linea aspera [`laInE 5AspErE]粗线gluteal tuberosity [^lu:5tiEl tju:bE5rCsiti]臀肌粗隆medial condyle [5mi:djEl 5kCndil]内侧髁lateral condyle [ 5kCndil]外侧髁intercondylar fossa [intE`kCndIlE(r) 5fCsE]髁间窝medial epicondyle [5mi:djEl epi5kCndil]内上髁lateral epicondyle [5lAtErEl epi5kCndil]外上髁adductor tubercle [E5dQktE `tjU:bEkl]收肌结节patella [pE5telE]膑骨tibia [5tibiE]胫骨intercondylar eminence [intE`kCndIlE(r) 5eminEns]髁间隆起tibial tubersity [5tibiEl 5tju:bEsiti]胫骨粗隆medial malleolus [5mi:djEl mE5li:ElEs]内踝fibula [5fibjulE]腓骨fibular head [5fibjulE hed]腓骨头neck of fibula [nek Ef 5fibjulE]腓骨颈lateral malleolus [5lAtErEl mE5li:ElEs]外踝tarsal bones [5tB:sEl bEuns]跗骨talus [5teilEs]距骨calcaneus [kAl5keiniEs]跟骨navicular bone [nE5vikjulE bEun]足舟骨medial cuneiform bone [5mi:djEl kju:niifC:m bEun]内侧楔骨intermediate cuneiform bone [7intE5mi:djEt kju:niifC:m bEun]中间楔骨lateral cuneiform bone [5lAtErEl kju:niifC:m bEun]外侧楔骨cuboid bone [5kju:bCid bEun]metatarsal bones [7metE5tB:sEl bEuns]跖骨phalanges of toes [fA5lAndVi:z Ef tEus]趾骨bones of toes [bEuns Ef tEus]趾骨fibrous joint [5faIbrEs dVCInt]纤维连接cartilaginous joint [9kB:tI`lAdVInEs dVCInt]软骨连接synostosis [9sInCs`tEJsIs]骨性结合syndesmosis [9sIndez`mEJsIs]韧带连接suture [5su:tFE(r)]缝sychondrosis [9sIknE`drCsIs]透明软骨结合symphysis [`sImfIsIs]纤维软骨结合cartilage [5kB:tIlIdV ]软骨chondrocyte[9kCndrEJsaIt]软骨细胞articulation [B:tIkjJ5leIF(E)n]关节synovial jiont [sI`nEJvIEl dVCInt]滑膜关节articular surface[B:5tIkjJlE(r) 5s\:fIs]关节面articular cartilage [B:5tIkjJlE(r) 5kB:tIlIdV]关节软骨articular capsule [B:5tIkjJlE(r) 5kApsju:l]关节囊fibrous membrane [5faIbrEs 5membreIn]纤维膜synovial membrane [sI`nEJvIEl 5membreIn]滑膜synovial fluid [sI`nEJvIEl 5flu:Id]滑液articular cavity [B:5tIkjJlE(r) 5kAvItI]关节腔ligament [5lI^EmEnt]韧带articular disc [B:5tIkjJlE(r) dIsk]关节盘articular labrum [B:5tIkjJlE(r) `leIbrEm]关节唇synovial fold [sI`nEJvIEl fEJld]滑膜襞synovial bursa [sI`nEJvIEl `b\:sE]滑膜囊translation [[trAns5leIFEn]移动flexion [5flekF(E)n]屈extension [Ik5stenF(E)n]伸dorsiflexion[`dR:sI5flekF(E)n]背屈plantarflexion[`plAntE(r)5flekF(E)n]跖屈adduction [E`dQkFEn]收abduction [Ab`dQkFEn]展rotation [rEJ5teIF(E)n]旋转medial rotation [`mi:dIEl rEJ5teIF(E)n]旋内lateral rotation [5lAtEr(E)l rEJ5teIF(E)n]旋外pronation [prEJ`neIFEn]旋前circumdution [s\:5kQmdQkFn]环转hinge joint [hIndV dVCInt]屈戌关节trochoid joint or pivot joint [`trEJkRId dVCInt C: 5pIvEt dVCInt]车轴关节ellipsoidal joint [I5lIpsCId l dVCInt]椭圆关节sellar joint or saddle joint [5selE dVCInt C:5sAd(E)l dVCInt]鞍状关节ball-and-socket joint or spheroidal joint [bC:l And 5sRkIt dVCInt C:5sfIErCIdl dVCInt]球窝关节plane joint [pleIn dVCInt]平面关节intervertebral disc [9IntE`v\:tIbrEl dIsk]椎间盘nucleus pulposus [5nju:klIEs pQlpEsEs]髓核anulus fibrosus [5AnjJElEs 9faIbrEJsEs]纤维环anterior longitudinal ligament [5AntIErIE lRNdVItju:dIn(E)l 5lI^EmEnt]前纵韧带posterior longitudinal ligament [pE5stIErIE lRNdVItju:dIn(E)l 5lI^EmEnt]后纵韧带ligamenta flava [5lI^EmEntE flAvE]黄韧带interspinal ligament [9IntE`spaInl 5lI^EmEnt]棘间韧带superspinal ligment [su:pE`spaInl 5lI^EmEnt]棘上韧带ligamentum nuchae [5lI^EmEntEm `njU:kE]项韧带intertransverse ligament [`IntE5trAnzv\:s 5lI^EmEnt]横突间关节zygapophyseal joint [9zI^E`pCfIsI:l dVCInt]关节突关节atlantooccipital joint [Et9lAntECk`sIpItEl dVCInt]寰枕关节thorax [5WC:rAks]胸廓costovertebral joint [`kCstEJ`v\:tIbrEl dVCInt]肋椎关节joint of costal head [dVCInt Ef 5kRstl hed]肋头关节costotransverse joint [kCstEJ `5trAnzv\:s dVCInt]肋横突关节sternocostal joint [st\:nEJkCstl dVCInt]胸肋关节temporomandibular joint [9tempErEJ mAn`dIbjJ lE dVCInt]颞下颌关节sternoclavicular joint [st\:nEJ`klAvikjulE dVCInt]胸锁关节acromioclavicular joint [E`krEJmIEn`klAvikjulE dVCInt]肩锁关节coracoacromial ligament [9kCrEkEJ`AkrCmInl 5lI^EmEnt]喙肩韧带shoulder joint [5FEJldE dVCInt]肩关节elbow joint [5elbEJ dVCInt]肘关节humeroulnar joint [5hju:mEQlnE dVCInt]肱尺关节humeroradial joint [5hju:mE `R:rAdl dVCInt]肱桡关节proximal radioulnar joint [5prRksIml 9reIdIEJ`QlnE dVCInt]桡尺近侧关节radial collateral ligament [5reIdIEl kE5lAtErl 5lI^EmEnt]桡侧副韧带ulnar collateral ligament [5QlnE kE5lAtErl 5lI^EmEnt]尺侧副韧带annular ligament of radius [5QlnE 5lI^EmEnt Cf 5reIdIEs]桡骨环状韧带interosseous membrane of forearm [9IntEr`CsIEs 5membreIn Cf fC:r5B:m]前臂骨间膜distal radioulnar joint [5dIst(E)l 9reIdIEJ`QlnE dVCInt]桡尺近侧关节joint of hand [dVCInt Cf hAnd]手关节radiocarpal joint [reIdIEJ5kB:pl dVCInt]桡腕关节intercarpal joint [In5t\:5kB:pl dVCInt]腕骨间关节carpomentacarpal joint [`kB:pEJ9metE5kB:pl dVCInt]腕掌关节carpometacarpal joint of thumb [kB:pEJ9metE5kB:pl dVCInt Ef WQm]拇指腕掌关节intermetacarpal joint [9IntEmetE5kB:pl dVCInt]掌骨间关节metacarpophalangeal joint [metE5kB:pEufA5lAndViEl dVCInt]掌指关节interphalangeal joint [5IntEfE5lAndViE dVCInt]指骨间关节sacroiliac joint [`IlIAk dVCInt]骶髂关节iliolumbar ligament [9IlIEJ5lQmbE 5lI^EmEnt]髂腰韧带sacrotuberous ligament [9seIkrEJ5tju:bErEs 5lI^EmEnt]骶结节韧带sacrospinous ligament [9seIkrEJ`spaInEs 5lI^EmEnt]骶棘韧带pubic symphysis [5pju:bIk`sImfIsIs]耻骨联合obturator membrane [`CbtjJEreItE 5membreIn]闭孔膜obturator canal [`CbtjJEreItE kE5nAl]闭管膜pelvis [5pelvIs]骨盆greater pelvis [5^reItE 5pelvIs]大骨盆lesser pelvis [5lesE 5pelvIs]小骨盆hip joint [hip dVCInt]髋关节acetabular labrum [`AsE9tAbjJlE `leIbrEm]髋臼唇iliofemoral ligament [9IlIEJ`femErEl 5lI^EmEnt]髂骨韧带ligament of head of the femur [5lI^EmEnt Cf hed Cf TE 5fi:mE]股骨头韧带pubofemoral ligament [pQbEJ`femErEl 5lI^EmEnt]耻骨韧带ischiofemoral ligament [`IskIE`femErEl 5lI^EmEnt]坐骨韧带knee joint [ni: dVCInt]膝关节patellar ligament [pE5telE 5lI^EmEnt]膑韧带fibular collateral ligament [5fIbjJ lE kE5lAtErEl 5lI^EmEnt]腓侧副韧带tibial collateral ligament [5tIbIEl kE5lAtErEl 5lI^EmEnt]胫侧副韧带cruciate ligaments [`krU:FIeIt 5lI^EmEnts]膝交叉韧带anterior cruciate ligament [5AntIErIE `krU:FIeIt 5lI^EmEnt]前交叉韧带posterior cruciate ligament [pE5stIErIE `krU:FIeIt 5lI^EmEnt]后交叉韧带alarfolds [`eIlEfEJlds]翼状襞menisci [mI`nIsaI]半月板medial meniscus [`mi:dIEl mI5nIskEs]内侧半月板lateral meniscus [5lAtErEl mI5nIskEs]外侧半月板joint of foot [dVCInt Cf fJt]足关节talocrural joint [9tAlEJ`krJErEl dVCInt]距小腿关节ankle joint [5ANkl dVCInt]踝关节medial ligament [`mi:dIEl 5lI^EmEnt]内侧韧带（三角韧带）lateral ligament [5lAtErEl 5lI^EmEnt]外侧韧带muscle [5mQsEl]肌muscle belly [5mQsEl 5belI]肌腹muscle tendon [5mQsEl 5tendEn]肌腱aponeurosis [9ApEnjJ`rEJsIs]腱膜fascia [5feIFE]筋膜superfical fascia [sju:pE5fIFEl 5feIFE]浅筋膜deep fascia [di:p5feIFE]深筋膜synovial bursa [sI`nEJvIEl`b\:sE]滑膜囊tendinous sheath [`tendInEsFi:W]腱鞘fibrous layer [5faIbrEs5leIE]纤维层fibrous sheath of tendon [5faIbrEsFi:W Ef 5tendEn]腱纤维鞘synovial sheath of tendon [sI`nEJvIEl Fi:W Ef 5tendEn]腱滑膜鞘mesotendon [9mesEJ 5tendEn]腱系膜epicranius [epI5kreInIEs]颅顶肌frontal belly [5frQntl 5belI]额腹occipital belly [Ck`sIpItEl 5belI]枕腹orbicularis oculi [R:9bIkjJ`leErIs`CkjJlI]眼轮匝肌buccinator [`bQksIneItE]颊肌orbicularisoris [R:9bIkjJ`leErIsCrIz]口轮匝肌masseter [mA`si:tE]咬肌temporalis [5tempEr(E)lIs]颞肌medial pterygoid [`mi:dIEl `pterI^RId]翼内肌lateral pterygoid [5lAtErEl `pterI^RId]翼外肌platysma [plE`tIzmE]颈阔肌sterniocleidomastoid [st\:niEuklaI`dEJ 5mAstCId]胸锁乳突肌scalenus anterior [skei5li:nEs An5tiEriE]前斜角肌scalenus medius [skei5li:nEs 5mi:diEs]中斜角肌trapezius [trE`pi:zIEs]斜方肌latissmus dorsi [7dC:si]背阔肌erector spinae [i5rektE 5spaini]竖脊肌（骶棘肌）pectoralis major [5pektErElis 5meidVE]胸大肌pectoralis minor [5pektErElis 5mainE]胸小肌serratus anterior [5sZErEtEs An5tiEriE]前锯肌intercostales externi [7intEkCs5tAlEs `ekst\:nI]肋间外肌intercostales interni [7intEkCs5tAlEs 5intEni]肋间内肌intercostales intimi [7intEkCs5tAlEs 5intimi]肋间最内肌diaphragm [5daiEfrAm]膈central tendon [sen5trB:l 5tendEn]中心腱aoctic hiatus [sen5trB:l 5tendEn]主动脉裂孔?esophageal hiatus [i7sCfE5dVi:El hai5eitEs]食管裂孔vena caval foramen [5vi:nE 5kAvEl fE5reimen]腔静脉孔obliquus externus abdominis [E5bli:kEs eks5tE:nEs Ab7dCminis]腹外斜肌inguinal ligament [5iN^winl 5li^EmEnt]腹股沟韧带lacmuar ligament [5lAkmE 5li^EmEnt]腔隙韧带（陷窝韧带）pectineal ligament [7pek5tini:l 5li^EmEnt]耻骨梳韧带superficial inguinal ring [sju:pE5fiFEl 5iN^winl riN]腹股沟管浅（皮下）环obliquus internus abdominis [E5bli:kEs in5tE:nEs Ab7dCminis]腹内斜肌inguinal flax [5iN^winl flAks]腹股沟镰conjoint tendon [5kCndVCint 5tendEn]联合腱transversus abdominis [trAns`v\:sEs Ab5dCminis]腹横肌tendinous intersection [5tendinEs 7intE:5sekFEn]腱划sheath of rectus abdominis [Fi:W Ev 5rektEs Ab5dCminis]腹直肌鞘arcuate line [`B:kjJIt lain]弓状线linea alba [`laInE 5B:lbE]白线quadratus lumborum [5kwCdrEtEs `lQmbEJrEm]腰方肌inguinal canal [5iN^winl kE5nAl]腹股沟管deep inguinal ring [di:p 5iN^winl riN]腹股沟管深（腹）环deltoid [5deltCid]三角肌superaspinatus [7sju:pE`AspEreItEs]冈上肌infraspinatus [7infrE`AspEreItEs]冈下肌teres minor [5te7ri:z 5mainE]小圆肌teres major [5te7ri:z 5meidVE]大圆肌subscapularis [5sQb5skApju5lZEris]肩胛下肌musculotendinous cuff [7mQskjulEu5tendinEs 5kQf]肌腱袖biceps brachii [5baiseps5breiki]肱二头肌coracobrachialis [7kCrEkEu 5breikilis]喙肱肌brachialis [5breikilis]肱肌triceps brachii [5traiseps 5breiki]肱三头肌brachioradialis [5breiki7reidi5eilis]肱桡肌pronator teres [prE5neitE 5te7ri:z]旋前圆肌flexor carpi radialis [5fleksE `kB:paI 7reidi5eilis]桡侧腕屈肌palmaris longus [pAl5mZEris 5lC:N^Es]掌长肌flexor carpi ulnaris [5fleksE `kB:paI 5QlnEris]尺侧腕屈肌flexor digitorum superficials [5fleksE9dIdVI`tR:rEm sju:pE5fiFEls]指浅屈肌flexor pollcis longus [5fleksE 5pClsis 5lC:N^Es]拇长屈肌flexor digitorum profundus [5fleksE 9dIdVI`tR:rEm prE5fQndEs]指深屈肌pronator quadratus [prE5neitE kwCdrEtEs]旋前方肌extensor carpi radialis longus [iks5tensE `kB:paI 7reidi5eilis 5lC:N^Es]桡侧腕长伸肌extensor carpi radialis brevis [iks5tensE `kB:paI 7reidi5eilis 5lC:N^Es]桡侧腕短伸肌extensor digitorum [iks5tensE9dIdVI`tR:rEm]指伸肌extensor digiti minimi [iks5tensE didViti `mInImaI]小指伸肌extensor carpi ulnaris [iks5tensE `kB:paI 5QlnEris]尺侧腕伸肌supinator [5sju:pi7neitE]旋后肌abductor pollicis longus [Ab5dQktE5pClsis 5lC:N^Es]拇长展肌extensor pollicis brevis [iks5tensE 5pClsis`kB:paI5brevIs]拇短伸肌extensor pollicis longus [iks5tensE5pClsis 5lC:N^Es]拇长伸肌extensor indicis [iks5tensEin5diFis]示指伸肌abductor pollicis brevis [Ab5dQktE5pClsis 5brevIs]拇短展肌flexor pollicis brevis [5fleksE 5pClsis`kB:paI5brevIs]拇短屈肌opponens pollicis [E5pEunenz 5pClsis]拇对掌肌adductor pollicis [Ab5dQktE 5pClsis]拇收肌abductor digiti minimi [Ab5dQktE didViti `mInImaI]小指伸肌flexor digiti minimi brevis [5fleksE didViti `mInImaI 5brevIs]小指短屈肌opponens digiti minimi [E5pEunenz didViti `mInImaI]小指对掌肌lumbricales [7lQmbri5keilis]蚓状肌palmar interossei [5pAlmE 9IntEr`CsI]骨间对掌肌dorsal interossei [5dC:sEl 9IntEr`CsI]骨间背侧肌iliopsoas [7iliEu5sEuEs]髂腰肌iliacus [5iliAkEs]髂肌psoas major [5psEuEs 5meidVE ]腰大肌psoas minor [5psEuEs 5mainE]腰小肌tensor fasciae latae [ ]阔筋膜张肌gluteus maximus [5^lu:tiEs`mAksImEs]臀大肌gluteus medius [5^lu:tiEs5mi:diEs]臀中肌gluteus minimus [5^lu:tiEs 5minimEs]臀小肌piriformis [7pirE5fC:mis]犁状肌sartorius [sB:5tCriEs]缝匠肌quadriceps femoris [5kwC:driseps 5femEris]股四头肌adductor longus [E5dQktE 5lC:N^Es]长收肌gracilis [`^rAsIlIs]股薄肌adductor brevis [E5dQktE 5brevIs]短收肌adductor magnus [E5dQktE 5mA^nEs]大收肌biceps femoris [5baiseps 5femEris]股二头肌semitendinosus [`semI5tendinEs]半腱肌semimembranosus [`semI`membrEnEs]半膜肌tibialis anterior [5tibiElis An5tiEriE]胫骨前肌extensor digitorum longus [iks5tensE 9dIdVI`tR:rEm 5lC:N^Es]趾长伸肌extensor hallucis longus [iks5tensE hE5lu:sis 5lC:N^Es]母长伸肌peroneus longus [5perEnEs 5lC:N^Es]腓骨长肌peroneus brevis [5perEnEs 5brevIs]腓骨短肌triceps surae [5traiseps 5suErI]小腿三头肌gastrocnemius [7^AstrCk5ni:miEs ]腓肠肌soleus [`sEJlIEs]比目鱼肌tendo calcaneus [5tendEu kAl5keiniEs]跟腱flexor digitorum longus [5fleksE 9dIdVI`tR:rEm 5lC:N^Es]趾长屈肌flexor hallucis longus [5fleksE hE5lu:sis 5lC:N^Es]母长屈肌tibialis posterior [5tibiElis pCs5tiEriE]胫骨后肌内脏篇英文词汇viscera [5visErE]内脏splanchnology [splANk5nClEdVi]内脏学alimentary system [lI5mentErI 5sIstEm]消化系统alimentary canal [lI5mentErI kE5nAl]消化管alimentary gland [lI5mentErI ^lAnd]消化腺oral cavity [5C:rEl 5kAvItI]口腔oral vestibule [5C:rEl 5vestIbju:l]口腔前庭oral cavity proper [5C:rEl 5kAvItI 5prRpEr]固有口腔oral lips [5C:rEl lIps]口唇philtrum [`fIltrEm]人中nasolabial sulcus [9neIzEJ5leIbIEl `sQlkEs]鼻唇沟cheek [tFi:k]颊papilla of parotid duct [pE5pIlE Ev pe5rRtId dQkt]腮腺管乳头palate [5pAlEt]腭hard palate [hB:d 5pAlEt]硬腭soft palate [sRft 5pAlEt]软腭velum palatinum [`vi:lEm 5pAlEtnEm]腭帆palatolglossal arch [9pAlEtEJl`^lCsEl B:tF]腭舌弓isthmus of fauces [5IsmEs [f `fR:si:z]咽峡teeth [ti:W]牙upper dental arch [5QpE5dentEl B:tF]上牙弓lower dental arch [`lEJE5dentEl B:tF]下牙弓crown of tooth [kraJn Cf tu:W]牙冠root of tooth [rU:t Cf tu:W]牙根neck of tooth [nek Cf tu:W]牙颈pulp chamber [pQlp 5tFeImbE]牙冠腔root canal [rU:tkE5nAl]牙根管apical foramen [5eIpIkEl fE`reImEn]根尖孔dental cavity [5dentEl 5kAvItI]牙腔pulp cavity [pQlp 5kAvItI]髓腔dentine [5denti:n]牙质enamel [I5nAmEl]釉质cement [sI5ment]牙骨质dental pulp [5dentEl pQlp]牙髓periodontal membrane [9perIEu`dCntEl 5membreIn]牙周膜alveolar bone [Al`vIElE bEJn]牙槽骨gingiva [dVIn`dVaIvE]牙龈tongue [tQN]舌body of tongue [5bRdI Rf tQN]舌体root of tongue [ru:t Rf tQN]舌根terminal sulcus [5t\:mInl `sQlkEs]界沟apex of tongue [`eIpeks Rf tQN ]舌尖foramen cecum of tongue [fE`reImEn `si:kEm Rf tQN ]舌盲孔papillae of tongue [pE5pIlErI Rf tQN ]舌乳头filiform papillae [`fIlIfR:m pE5pIlErI ]丝状乳头fungiform papillae [`fQndVIfR:m pE5pIlErI ]菌状乳头foliate papillae [5fEJlIeIt pE5pIlErI ]叶状乳头vallate papillae [`vAleIt pE5pIlErI ]轮廓乳头lingual tonsil [5lIN^wEl 5tRnsEl ]舌扁桃体frenulum of tongue [`frenjulEm Rf tQN ]舌系带sublingual caruncle [sQb`lIN^wEl `kArENkl ]舌下阜sublingual fold [sQb`lIN^wEl fEJld ]舌下襞intrinsic lingual muscles [In5trInsIk `lIN^wEl 5mQsEls ]舌内肌extrinsic lingual muscles [eks5trInsIk `lIN^wEl 5mQsEls ]舌外肌genioglossus [dVi:nIEu5^lRsEs ]颏舌肌salivary gland [`sAlIvErI ^lAnd ]唾液腺minor salivary gland [5maInE `sAlIvErI ^lAnd ]小唾液腺major salivary gland [5meIdVE `sAlIvErI ^lAnd ]大唾液腺parotid gland [pe5rRtId ^lAnd ]腮腺parotid duct [pe5rRtId dQkt ]腮腺管accessory parotid gland [Ek5sesErI pe5rRtId ^lAnd ]副腮腺submandibular gland [9sQbmAn`dIbjJlE ^lAnd ]下颌下腺sublingual gland [sQb`lIN^wEl ^lAnd ]舌下腺pharynx [5fArINks ]咽cavity of pharynx [5kAvItI C:f `fArINks ]咽腔nasopharynx [9neIzEJ`fArINks ]鼻咽pharynx opening of auditory tube[5fArINks 5E J pEnIN Ev 5C:dItErI tju:b ]咽鼓管咽口tubal torus [`tjU:bEl `tR:rEs ]咽鼓管圆枕pharyngeal recess [9fArIn`dVi:El rI5ses ]咽隐窝tubal tonsil [`tjU:bEl 5tRnsl ]咽鼓管扁桃体pharyngeal tonsil [9fArIn`dVi:El 5tRnsl ]咽扁桃体oropharynx [9R:rEJ`fArINks ]口咽median glossoepiglottic fold [`mi:dIEn 9^lCsEJepi`glRtikfEJld]舌会厌正中襞epiglottic vallecula [9epI`^lCtik vE`lekjulE]会厌谷palatine tonsil [5pAlEtaIn 5tRnsl]腭扁桃体tonsillar fossulae [9tCnsI`lE 5fRsjuli:]扁桃体小窝supratonsilar fossa [9su:prE`tRnsilE `fCsE]扁桃体上窝laryngopharynx [lE9rIN^EJ`fArINks]喉咽piriform recess [`pirifR:m rI5ses]梨状隐窝esophagus [i:5sRfE^Es]食管stomach [5stQmEk]胃lesser curvature of stomach [5lesE5k\:vEtFE Rv 5stQmEk]胃小弯angular incisure [5AN^jJlE In`sIVE]角切迹greater curvature of stomach [5^reItE 5k\:vEtFE Rv 5stQmEk]胃大弯cardia [`kB:dIE]贲门cardiac incisure [`kB:dIE In`sIVE]贲门切迹pylorus [paI`lR:rEs]幽门cardiac part [`kB:dIE pa:t]贲门部fundus of stomach [`fQndEs Rv 5stQmEk]胃底fornix of stomach [`fR:nIks Rv 5stQmEk]胃穹窿body of stomach [5bRdI Rv 5stQmEk]胃体pyloric part [paI`lR:rEs pa:t]幽门部pyloric canal [paI`lR:rEs kE5nAl]幽门管pyloric antrum [paI`lR:rEs 5AntrEm]幽门窦pyloric valve [paI`lR:rEs vAlv]幽门瓣small intestine [smC:l In5testIn]小肠duodenum [dju:EJ5di:nEm]十二指肠super part [5sju:pE pa:t]上部superior duodenal flexure [5sju:pE 9djU:EJ`di:nEl `flekFE]十二指肠上曲duodenal bulb [9djU:EJ`di:nEl bQlb]十二指肠球descending part [dI`sendIN pa:t]降部inferior duodenal flexure [In5fIErIE 9djU:EJ`di:nEl `flekFE]十二指肠下曲longitudinal fold of duodenum[lRNdVItju:dInl fEJ ld Rv dju:EJ5di:nEm]十二指肠纵襞major duodenal papilla [5meIdVE 9djU:EJ`di:nEl pE5pIlE]十二指肠大乳头minor duodenal papilla [5maInE 9djU:EJ`di:nEl pE5pIlE]十二指肠小乳头horizontal part [hRrI5zRntl pa:t]水平部ascending part [E`sendIN pa:t]升部duodenojejunal flexure [9djU:EJ`di:nEldVidVuEl `flekFE]十二指肠空肠曲suspensory ligament ofduodenum[sE`spensErI5lI^EmEnt Rv dju:EJ 5di:nEm]十二指肠悬韧带jejunum [dVI5dVu:nEm]空肠ileum [5IlIEm]回肠solitary lymphatic follicles [5sRlItErI lIm5fAtIk 5fJ lIkEls]孤立淋巴滤泡aggregated lymphatic follicles [5A^rI^eItId lIm5fAtIk 5fJlIkEls]集合淋巴滤泡large intestine [lB:dV In5testIn]大肠colic bands [5kRlIk bAndz]结肠带haustra of colon [`hR:strE Rv 5kEJlEn]结肠袋epiploicae appendices [epI`plEJki E5pendisiz]肠脂垂caecum [`si:kEm]盲肠ileocecal orifice [iliEu`si:kEl 5RrIfIs]回盲口ileocecal valve [iliEu`si:kEl vAlv]回盲瓣vermiform appendix [5v\:mIfC:m E5pendIks]阑尾colon [5kEJlEn]结肠ascending colon [E`sendIN 5kEJlEn]升结肠right colic flexure [raIt `kRlIk `flekFE]结肠右曲（肝曲）transverse colon [5trAnzv\:s 5kEJlEn]横结肠left colic flexure [left `kRlIk `flekFE]结肠左曲（脾曲）descending colon [dI`sendIN 5kEJlEn]降结肠sigmoid colon [`sI^mRId 5kEJlEn]乙状结肠rectum [5rektEm]直肠sacral flexure of rectum [5seIkrl `flekFE Rf 5rektEm]直肠骶曲perineal flexure of rectum [9perI`ni:El `flekFE Rf 5rektEm]直肠会阴曲ampulla of rectum [Am5pJlE `flekFE Rf 5rektEm]直肠壶腹anal canal [5eInEl kE5nAl]肛管anal columns [5eInEl 5kRlEms]肛柱anal valves [5eInEl vAlvz]肛瓣anal sinuses [5eInEl 5saInEsis]肛窦anorectal line [eInEu`rektl lain]肛直肠线dentate line [5denteIt lain]齿状线anocutaneous line [eInEukju:5teInIEs lain]肛皮线anal pecten [5eInEl `pektIn]肛梳haemorrhoidal ring [hemErRIdl rIN]痔环white line [5waIt lain]白线sphincter ani internus [`sfINktE `B:nI `IntEnEs]肛门内扩约肌sphincter ani externus [`sfINktE `B:nI `ekstEnEs]肛门外扩约肌subcutaneous part [sQbkju:5teInIEs pB:t]皮下部superficial part [sju:pE5fIFEl pB:t]浅部deep part [di:p pB:t]深部liver [5lIvE]肝diaphragmatic surface [9daIEfrA^`mAtIk 5s\:fIs]膈面falciform ligament [`FAlsIfR:m 5lI^EmEnt]镰状韧带left lobe of liver [left lEJb Rf lIvE]肝左叶right lobe of liver [rait lEJb Rf lIvE]肝右叶bare area [beE 5eErIE]裸区visceral surface [5vIsErEl 5s\:fIs]脏面porta hepatis [pR:tE hepEtIs]肝门fissure for ligamentum tereshepatis[5fIFE fC:9lI^E`mentEm terEs hepEtIs]肝圆韧带ligamentum venosum [9lI^E`mentEm 5vi:nEsEm]静脉韧带fossa for galibladder [`fCsE fC: 9^AlI5blAdE]胆囊窝sulcus for vena cava [`sQlkEs fC: `vi:nE kAvE]腔静脉沟secondary porta of liver [5sekEndErI pR:tE CflIvE]第2肝门quadrate lobe [5kwRdreIt lEJb]方叶caudate lobe [5kC:deIt lEJb]尾状叶gallbladder [9^AlI5blAdE]胆囊fudus of gallbladder [fjUdEs Cf 9^AlI5blAdE]胆囊底body of gallbladder [5bRdI Cf 9^AlI5blAdE]胆囊体neck of gallbladder [nek Cf 9^AlI5blAdE]胆囊颈cystic duct [5sIstIk dQkt]胆囊管spiral fold [5spaIErl fEJld]螺旋襞common hepatic duct [5kRmEnhI5pAtIk dQkt]肝总管common bile duct [5kRmEnhI baIl dQkt]胆总管hepatopancreatic ampulla [9hepEtEJ`pANkrIEtik Am5pJlE]肝胰壶腹sphicter of hepatopancreatic ampulla[`sfINktE Cf 9hepEtEJ`pANkrIEtik Am5pJlE]肝胰壶腹扩约肌pancreas [5pAnkrIEs]胰head of pancreas [hed Cf 5pAnkrIEs]胰头uncinate process [`QnsInIt 5prEJses]钩突neck of process [nek Cf 5prEJses]胰颈body of process [5bRdI Cf 5prEJses]胰体tail of process [teIl Cf 5prEJses]胰尾pancreatic duct [9pANkrI`AtIk dQkt]胰管accessory pancreatic duct [Ek5sesErI9pANkrI`AtIk dQkt]副胰管respiratory system [rI5spIrEtErI 5sIstEm]呼吸系统nose [nEJz]鼻external nose [ek5st\:nEl nEJz]外鼻nasal ala [5neIzEl `eIlE]鼻翼nasolabial sulcus [9neIzEJ5leIbIEl `sQlkEs]鼻唇沟nasal cavity [5neIzEl 5kAvItI]鼻腔。