英国概况

2. Climate Main characteristics: Temperate, mild, withwarm summers, cold winters and plentyrainfallThree major features:Winter fogRainy days (>1/2)Instability/changeabilityClimate:1. mild---moderated by Atlantic Gulf Stream2. rain---every month, max in Feb.& Aug.annual rainfall: 26-100 inches3. sunshine---fewer4. weather conditions---vary rapidlyMild ClimateLiverpool (England)Mohe (China) Latitude53 N latitude53 N latitude1720 Avg. temp.in JuneAvg. temp.5-26 in JanClimateQuestions for ThoughtDoes Britain have a favorable climate？Why？ What are the factors which influence theclimate in Britain？ClimateMaritime climate;Prevailing south-westwinds and west windNorth Atlantic Drift/Current(北大西洋暖流)Plenty of rainfallHumidity & fogClimateTypical Features of British WeatherInstability or changeabilityTemperateFogs or smog in winter and More than one half of the days are cloudyRainy daysClimateChangeabilityIt is for the same reason why the British people always seem to be talking about the weather.There is a saying that Britain has not only a stable climate, but also a changeable weather.ClimateRainfallDifferent parts of the British Isles receive different amounts of rainfall: a water surplus in the north and west, and a water deficit in the south and east;More rainfalls in the west and north, particularly in Scotland, the Lake District and Wales.In some parts of Scotland it can rain or snow on as many as 300 days in a year.ClimateA Favorable Climate:Because a maritime type of climate—winters are mild, not too cold and summers are cool, not too hot;It has a steady reliable rainfall throughout the whole year;It has a small range of temperature & lack of extremes.ClimateFactors which influence the climate in Britain: The surrounding waters balance the seasonaldifferences;Britain is mainly influenced by the prevailing south-west winds across the Atlantic, which bring warmand wet air in winter and keep the temperaturemoderate;The North Atlantic Drift passes the western coast of the British Isles and warms them.3. Natural ResourcesRich in energy resources:coal, oil and gas(The United Kingdom is a net exporter of oil products.)Self-sufficient in non-metallic minerals: sand, gravel, chalk and saltLack of metallic minerals:iron, tin and copperMajor cities1. London (in England): the largest and capital city in Britain.2. Birmingham (in England): the 2nd largest city in Britain.3. Glasgow(in Scotland): the 3rd largest city inBritain.4.Edinburgh(in Scotland): the capital city in Scotland.5. Cardiff(in Wales): the capital city in Wales.6.Belfast (in Northern Ireland): the capital city in Northern Ireland.2013-7-23134. Major Cities —LondonThe River Thamesthe capital of England and of Great Britain the political center of the Commonwealth a major portone of the world's leading banking and financial centers.1. LondonTwo well-known areas of London are the West End and the East End.The former is known for its many theatres, cinemas and expensive shops. The latter is known as the poorer residential area of central London. London is also cosmopolitan. A survey in the 1980s found that 137 different languages were spoken in the homes of just one district.Landmarks & Symbols of LondonWestminster AbbeySt. Paul's CathedralTower of London Hyde ParkTower Bridge Buckingham PalaceLandmarks & Symbols of LondonLondon EyeLondon, England When a man is tired of London, he is tired of life; fore there is in London all that life can afford.------Samuel JohnsonWest End North Bank•ancient and modern cosmopolitan•The oldest part, the City of London, situated between north bank, between London Bridge and Tower Bridge.•The West End and South Bank are famous as centers for drama and music•The East End is a place of relatively backward in economy.2. BirminghamBirmingham is Britain’s 2nd largest city. During the Industrial Revolution, Birmingham and the surrounding area of the West Midlands developed into the country’s major engineering center. Despite the decline of heavy industry in modern times, factories in this area still change iron and steel into a vast variety of goods.The astonishing pace of Birmingham'sgrowth throughThe Selfridges Building in Birmingham3. GlasgowGlasgow is the 3rd largest city in Britain. It is associated with heavy industry and some of the worst housing conditions in Britain. However, Glasgow has a strong artistic heritage. In 1990, it was the European city of culture. Glasgow has received many immigrants from Ireland, and in some ways it reflects the divisions in the community that exist in Northern Ireland.View over Glasgow from Glasgow TowerGlasgow HotelsMajor Cities—Edinburgh Capital of Scotlandadministrative, financial, legal, medical and insurance center of Scotlandbeautiful sceneryrenowned architectureLandmarks & Symbols of Edinburgh Edinburgh Castle4. EdinburghEdinburgh is half the size of Glasgow. It is the capital city of Scotland and is associated with scholarship, the law and administration. This reputation, together with its many fine historic buildings, and also perhaps its terrain (there is a rock in the middle of the city on which stands the castle) has led to its being called “the Athens of the north”. The annual Edinburgh Festival of the arts is internationally famous.Major Cities—CardiffEurope's youngest capital cityhas been the capital city of Wales for around 50 yearshome to an enormous amount of urban regeneration and restorationhas recently become one of the most fashionable cities in the United Kingdom.Landmarks & Symbols of CardiffCardiff City Hall5. CardiffThe capital city of Wales is the youngest capital in Europe since 1955, with over 330 parks and gardens, Cardiff is also among the UK's greenest cities.Landmarks & Symbols of Cardiff Millennium Stadium Cardiff CastleMajor Cities—Belfastthe largest citycapital of Northern Irelandan important historic city6. BelfastBelfast is the capital city of Northern Ireland.However, since the ceasefires in 1994, the city has regenerated itself with new hotels, shops, bars and restaurants to become a lively, exciting, and friendly city. Belfast is becoming more and more popular as a city break destination.Belfast is also famous for the manufacture of linen and is still a shipbuilding city.Landmarks & Symbols of BelfastBelfast Castle。