初三上册英语语法【三篇】.doc

初三上册英语语法【三篇】导语：英语语法是针对英语语言实行研究后，英语语法系统地总结归纳出来的一系列语言规则。

英语语法的精髓在于掌握语言的使用。

以下是###整理的初三上册英语语法【三篇】，希望对大家有协助。

语法时态语法：直接引语变间接引语。

直接引用别人的话叫直接引语，用来转述别人的话叫间接引语。

例：He said, "He will go to Beijing tomorrow." （直接引语）He said that he would go to Beijing the next day.直接引语变间接引语时时态、人称及一些时间或个别词都要做相对应的改变。

①时态：一般现在时→一般过去时一般将来时→过去将来时现在实行时→过去实行时一般过去时→过去完成时现在完成时→过去完成时* 但真理性的句子时态不变。

例：He said ："The sun rises in the east."He said that the sun rises in the east.他说太阳从东方升起。

②时间：now→then, last month →the month before.today →that day, three days ago →three days before.tonight →that night, tomorrow →the next day.yesterday →the day before, the day after tomorrow →in twodays.③其它变化：this →that these →those here →therecome→go句式的改变：①直接引语是陈述句加"that" 能够省去。

例：He said, "My sister was here three days ago." →He said that his sister had been there three days before.②直接引语是一般疑问句，变成用if/whether 引导的宾语从句，人称时态等作相对应改变。

Mother asked me, "Did you buy any meat for lunch?" →Mother asked me if/whether I had bought some meat for lunch.③直接引语是特殊问句，变成由原来疑问词一样的连接词引导的宾语从句，时态人称等作相对应改变。

例："What do you do?" he asked me.He asked me what I did.④直接引语是选择问句变成由whether 或if 引导的宾语从句。

"Do you like English or Chinese?" He asked me.He asked me whether I liked English or Chinese.语法：被动语态1 ．英语中动词有两种语态：主动语态和被动语态主动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的执行者，被动语态表示主语是谓语动词动作的承受者。

当我们强调谁是某个动作的执行者，即" 谁做了某种事情"时，用主动语态。

eg ：Daniel bought a new computer 丹尼尔买了一台新电脑。

（不是别人）如果主语不是动作的执行者，而是动作的承受者时，就是被动语态。

eg ：A new computer was bought by Daniel 一台新电脑被丹尼尔买了。

被动语态的谓语由be + 动词的过去分词构成，其中be 是助动词，随时态改变。

一般现在时的被动语态由"am / is / are ＋动词的过去分词"构成。

一般过去时的被动语态由"was / were ＋动词的过去分词" 构成。

2 ．被动语态的用法：当不知道或没必要说明动作的执行者时，用被动语态。

eg ：Rice is grown in South China. 华南种植水稻。

（没必要说明是谁种）This bridge was built 100 years ago. 这座桥是100年前建的。

（不知道谁建的）Passive voice with 'by'在被动语态中，如果我们也要把动作的执行者表达出来的话，我们就在被动句子的后面，用"by+ 动作的执行者（宾格）" 来表示。

e.g. Jack broke the window. （主动语态）The window was broken by Jack. （被动语态）窗户是被杰克打碎的。

Meals are cooked by her mother at home. 在家饭是她母亲烧的。

The book was written by him several years ago. 这本书是他几年前写的。

3 ．难点：1 ）. 当一个含有复合宾语（宾语+宾补）的句子变为被动语态时，只能把宾语变为被动语态的主语，宾补还放在原来的位置。

e.g. We call him Xiao Wang.--- He is called Xiao Wang.He cut his hair short.--- His hair was cut short.2 ）. 带双宾语的动词变为被动语态时，常常把间接宾语变为被动语态的主语；如果直接宾语变为被动语态的主语时，间接宾语前要加介词to 或for.e.g. Someone gave the boy an apple.-- The boy was given anapple.An apple was given to the boy.His mother bought a present for him.--- He was bought apresent.A present was bought for him.3 ）. 在let, hear, watch, see, help, have 等词的句子中，主动语态不加to, 被动语态要加to.e.g. The boss makes us work 12 hours a day.--- We are madeto work 12 hours a day.They heard the children sing that morning.--- The childrenwere heard to sing that morning.⑤直接引语是祈使句，根据说话语气变成ask/tell/order warn sb.to do sth. 的结构。

例：She said to me, "Stand up." →She asked me to stand up.Father said to his son, "Don't play football in thestreet." →Father told his son not to play football in the street.句式句型Unit 11. They go as fast as they can.as⋯as sb. (one) can ＝as ⋯as possible 尽可能地⋯⋯as⋯as 中间加原级的形容词或副词。

例：I will work as hard as I can. 我将尽可能努力工作。

He ran as fast as he could. 他拼命地跑。

Please come here as soon as you can.请尽快来这里。

2. We call the first Olympic Games the "ancient" Olympics.我们把早期的运动会叫做" 古代"奥运会。

call sb. / sth. ＋n. 称呼某人/ 某物⋯⋯，后面的名词作宾语补足语。

例：We call the boy DaMao. 我们称呼那个男孩大毛。

类似于这种能够用名词或名词短语作宾语补足语的动词有：name/call/make/choose/find/think 等。

例：We chose him our monitor at yesterday's class meeting.昨天班会我们选他当我们的班长。

I find him a clever boy. 我觉得他是个聪明的孩子。

3. It seemed that Zhuang Yong and Jenny Thompson, anAmerican swimmer, had finished at the same time.看上去好像庄泳和美国游泳选手詹尼·汤姆森同时游完全程。

以下几种方式能够表示" 看起来⋯⋯，似乎⋯⋯"It seems that ＋从句seem to be ＋adj.seem ＋adj.例：Danny seemed excited. (Danny seemed to be excited.)丹尼似乎很激动。

seem to do sth.例：When his wife's pet cat died, Alan didn't seem to careat all.艾伦妻子的宠猫死了，他好象一点也不在乎。

4. Diving is one of the most popular events at the Olympics.潜水是奥运会欢迎的项目之一。

one of ⋯⋯⋯其中之一，后常加级及名词复数。

例：。