选六unit3单词讲解

Unit 3cigarette n. 香烟；纸烟alcohol n. 酒；酒精alcoholic adj. 酒精的1. abuse n. & vt. 滥用；虐待[典例]1) We abuse land because we regard it as a commodity belonging to us”我们滥用土地，因为我们把它当作属于自己的商品.2) He greeted me with a stream of abuse, which made me feel sad.他迎面对我一顿痛骂,这使我很难过.[重点用法]drug abuse滥用药品child abuse虐待儿童self-abuse 自责，自暴自弃verbal abuse 污言碎语△fitness n. 健康△sexual adj. 性的；性别的2. stress n. 压力；重音vt. 加压力于；使紧张（可指物体承受的外来压力，也可指人心理上，精神上所承受的压力，负担等）pressure 在科学上，指单位面积上所受的压力，如血压，大气压△stressful adj. 产生压力的；紧张的stressed adj. 焦虑不安的；心力交瘁的under stress 在压力之下under the stress of 在……的压力下stress sth.或lay/place/put stress on sth. 强调某事物；给某物压力stress the importance of 强调…的重要性Too much work and stress does damage to your health.过量的工作和压力会对你的健康有害。

In the word “mother”the stress is on the first syllable.在“mother”这个单词中,重音在第一个音节上。

△obesity n. （过度）肥胖；肥胖症adolescent n. 青少年adj. 青春期的adolescence n. 青春期3. ban vt. 禁止；取缔(banned;banned;banning) n. 禁令；谴责ban sth 取缔某物ban sb from doing sth 禁止某人做某事a ban on 有关…的禁令I certainly think there should be a ban on tobacco advertising.我确实认为应该禁止香烟广告.Canada will ban smoking in all offices later this year.加拿大将从今年晚些时候起在办公场所全面禁烟。

ban 用于ban sb. from (doing) sth.结构，表示官方正式地禁止危险的、危害公众的事物。

forbid用于forbid sb.(from) doing sth.或forbid sb.to do sth.结构，表示清楚地，态度强硬地直接禁止某人做某事、命令某人不许做某事。

Prohibit [prə(ʊ)'hɪbɪt] 用于prohibit sb.from doing sth,表示以法律、法规、制度的形式禁止某事的发生和存在，违反禁令就要负法律责任。

4. due adj. 欠款的；预定的；到期的due to 由于……；因……造成；归功于；应给予；应属于Due to the foggy weather, the traffic moved very slowly.由于有雾，车辆行进缓慢。

Our happy childhood is due to our father’s hard work.我们幸福的童年应归功于父亲的辛勤工作。

The failure is due to his carelessness.失败是由于他的粗心造成的。

be due to do sth 定于某时做某事e.g. He is due to speak at the meeting tomorrow.be due to sb 某人应得的because of因为,由于，常用作状语；on account of 比because of更正式，多用于书面语中；owing to构成的短语作状语，既能指积极的原因，也可指消极的原因；thanks to由于，多亏，常用于书面语，多表示正面的情况，有时也表示反面的情况；as a result of由于；in/as consequence of由于……的缘故，常用于书面语中；in view of由于；鉴于（书面语）。

therefore 副词, “因此”so并列连词, “因此”The great success of this programme has been largely _________the support given by the 10 local business men.A. instead ofB. thanks toC. due toD. as a consequence5. tough adj. 困难的；强硬的be /get tough with sb 对某人严厉be tough on sb 严厉对待某人They are verry tough on drunk drivers.6. addicted adj. 入了迷的；上了瘾的addicted to 对……有瘾be addicted to对……上瘾；入迷；沉溺于(其中to为介词)be addicted to sth./doing sth.=addict oneself to sth./doing sth.沉溺于某种嗜好；醉心于某种活动Schoolboys are easier to be addicted than schoolgirls to net.男生比女生更容易上网成瘾。

He was addicted to cocaine.他吸可卡因上瘾。

He was addicted to gambling.他赌博成瘾。

Although she is only 17 years old, she ________drugs for two years.A. addictsB. has addicted toC. has addictedD. has been addicted toaddict vt. 使……成瘾addict n. \[C\] 入迷的人；有瘾的人addictive adj. 使成瘾的；上瘾的addiction n. 沉溺；成瘾；上瘾；入迷△nicotine n. 尼古丁7. accustom vt. 使习惯于accustomed adj. 惯常的；习惯了的accustomed to 习惯于……accustom oneself to=be accustomed to (其中to为介词)习惯于……be/get used to doingadapt oneself to doingadjust oneself to doingThese people accustomed themselves to hard work.这些人习惯于艰苦的工作。

I am not accustomed to being interrupted.我不习惯被别人打扰。

He is accustomed to loneliness.他对孤独已经习以为常。

①他的妈妈习惯于早起。

His mother _________________________ getting up early.②你会很快适应这里的气候。

You will soon ___________________ the climate here. 注意:在英语中, to有时为动词不定式符号, 后跟动词原形; 有时用作介词, 后跟名词、代词、或动名词。

下面的这些短语中的to 均为介词。

(写出汉语意思)stick to 坚持lead to 导致, 通向pay a visit to 参观sentence sb. to 宣判某人come to 谈到, 涉及see to 处理，负责be up to 总计devote?to 致力于get down to 开始/着手be opposed to / object to 反对be devoted to 致力于，献身于be exposed to _________ look forward to ___________pay attention to ________ contribute to ______ turn to ________ when it comes to ____________withdrawal n. 收回；撤退；戒毒（或脱瘾）过程△bad-tempered adj. 脾气暴躁的；易怒的automatic adj. 无意识的；自动的automatically adv. 无意识地；自动地mental adj. 精神的；智力的mentally adv. 精神上；智力上8. quit vt. 停止（做某事）；离开过去式和过去分词均为quit,现在分词为quitting, 接动词-ing形式, “停止做”quit something 离开……quit doing something 停止做某事He got his present job when he quitted the school.他退学后得到现在这份工作。

Quit talking rubbish. 别胡说八道了。

Doctors are doing research to find out what happens physically when people _______________ smoking.A. QuitB. declineC. departD. reserve①发现不良习惯时我们必须及时改正。

We must ________________as soon as we find them.②我根本就没法戒掉看电视。

I can not _________________________.归类记忆:下列动词只能用-ing 形式作宾语admit, advise, allow, appreciate, avoid, consider, deny , forbid(禁止), fancy(想象), finish, keep, mention, mind, miss, permit, prevent, delay, dislike, enjoy, escape, excuse, imagine, practice, quit, resist(抵制), risk , suggest, tolerate, understand9. effect n. 结果；效力affect vt 影响side effect 副作用take effect 生效have an influence/effect on 对....有影响bring/ put/carry sth into effect 实行，使生效come /go into effect 开始实行have no effect 没有效果；没有作用in effect 事实上；实际上lung n. 肺pregnant adj. 怀孕的abnormal adj. 畸形的；异常的breathless adj. 气喘吁吁的；屏息的10. unfit adj. 不健康的；不合适的；不合格的fit adj 健康的；合适的；恰当的11. strengthen vt. 加强；巩固；使坚强vi. 变强strong adj 强壮的；坚强的；强烈的strength n. 力量；力气lose one’s strength 失去了力量；没力气了△resolve n. 决心；决定decide on 对……作出决定packet n. 小包；小盒12. feel like (doing) 想要（做）……[短语归纳]would like to do sth.想要做某事prefer to do sth.喜欢做某事would rather do … than do…情愿做……而不愿…prefer doing (sth.) to (doing) sth. 情愿做……而不愿…enjoy doing sth.喜欢/乐意做某事△relaxation n. 放松，松弛13. desperate adj. 绝望的，拼命的be desperate for 极度渴望be desperate to do 极度渴望做某事in desperate need of sth 急需chemist n. 药剂师；化学家△gum n. 树胶△chewing gum 口香糖14. disappointed adj. 失望的；沮丧的be disappointed at 因…而感到失望be disappointed to do 失望地做某事be disappointed with sb /sth 对…感到不满/失望disappointing adi disappointment n.△weaken vi. （对某事的决心）动摇；减弱vt. （使）变弱15. ashamed adj. 感到惭愧或羞耻的（常作表语)Shame n. 羞愧;羞辱;可耻的人;羞愧感vt. 使蒙羞;玷辱;使感到羞愧;使相形见绌shameful adj.可耻的，不体面的be/feel ashamed of (doing) sth./sb./oneself为做某事/某人/某人自己而感到惭愧be ashamed to be/to do sth. 因难为情而不愿意做……be ashamed that ... 为……而感到惭愧或羞耻be ashamed for sb. 替某人感到惭愧I behaved badly yesterday and I am ashamed (of myself) now.我昨天表现得不好，现在感到很惭愧。