TEM 作文注意事项
TEM4作文指导.doc
TEM-4作文指导第一节作文考试题简介一、试题介绍全国英语专业四级考试(TEM-4)中的作文考试由AB两部分构成，其中A部分规定时间为35分钟，要求写一篇大约200个单词的短文；B部分要求写一份60个单词左右的便条、通知或请帖。
这里只讨论A部分的写作注意事项及技巧。
考试大纲要求写作各类体裁的短文，但以写作说明文或论说文为主，不排除写作记叙文和描写文的可能。
作文考试的测试目标：按所给标题、话题或其它要求写作，内容充实、语言通顺、用词恰当、表达得体。
二、评分要点作文考试题的总分为15分。
按五个档次给分：第五档的分值为15-14分；第四档为13-12分；第三档为11-9分；第二档为8-6分；第一档为5-3分。
阅卷者先确定某篇作文的档次，然后给出具体分数。
在作文的审题、结构、论证、语言四大方面内容中，任何一方面出现严重问题，都可能导致不及格。
写作虽属主观题，但对语言基本功的考察是全面的，好坏一览无余，方方面面都会产生有利或不利印象，如字迹、标点符号、大小写、单词拼写、遣词造句等等。
目前写作考试仍是人工阅卷，长时间阅卷容易使人疲劳，所以有阅卷教师将一种“高效的工作法”总结为“一点、一线、一段”的阅卷模式：一点，是指紧扣题目要求，始终围绕明确的中心论点写作，不离题或偏题；一线，是指文章的组织结构与前后衔接要自然，对确定的论点进行几方面论述时要有明确标记；一段，是指考察语言质量时，可能随机抽取第二段起的任何一段细读。
三、注意事项1. 写作考试不是平常练笔，不能想写什么就写什么，想怎么写就怎么写，想写到哪儿就写到哪儿，必须根据题目来写，即必须审题。
要舍得花时间构思、写提纲。
2. 历年的写作题表明：题目一般是与大学生密切相关的话题，人人都会有话可说，但视野要宽，角度要高；不能陈词滥调，要有血有肉。
3. 作文的论题一般都很正式，要用正规的书面语，不要使用太多的口头词语，要保证作文的文体恰当。
4. 作文题目通常由三部分组成：第一部分提供话题与背景信息；第二部分是对文章的结构要求；第三部分是对内容、结构、语法、用词四个方面的评分说明。
专四写作要求和要点
考试大纲对英语专业写作的要求和规定(1)测试目的：依照英语专业基础时期英语教学大纲的要求，检查学生在基础阶段末期的英语写作能力。
(2)题型：主观试题，分为Section A和Section B两个部分。
Section A: Composition写作文Section B: Note-writing写便条(3)测试要求：a)作文。
要求根据所给的题目和列出的写作提纲或图表、数字统计表等(也附有写作提纲) 写一篇200词的短文，能做到内容切题、完整，层次清楚，文章结构严谨，语法正确，语言通顺适当。
作文的类别有说明文、议论文或记叙文。
考试时刻为35分钟。
b)便条。
要求根据提示写大约50～60词的便条、通知、请帖等。
要求做到格式正确，语言得体。
考试时间为10分钟。
英语专业四级写作的评分标准(1)文章内容切题、丰硕，文章通顺，表达清楚。
(2)行文流畅。
(3)组织严密，逻辑性强。
(4)句型多样化，句法结构正确。
(5)用词得体、恰当、丰富。
(6)语法正确。
(7)拼写及标点正确，书写整洁。
高分密招1.在考场中，常常感到无话可说，该如何办?的确，在考场中有些考生由于紧张，常常会出现大脑一片空白，在10分钟之内动不了笔。
对于这种在考场中思维短路的现象，有两种对策。
对策一：逆向思维法。
考生在拿到一个作文话题、但不知该如何动笔时，能够去联想有关该话题的具体事件，从具体事件中提炼出观点，再将观点反弹归去，即topic具体事件观点。
例如看到The Advantage and Disadvantage of TV那个文章题目时，若是不知如何下笔，能够去联想一些具体的电视节目。
一提到电视节目，就会自但是然地想到《新闻联播》。
《新闻联播》有哪些益处呢?固然是开拓视野，了解世界。
同时，还会联想到一些暴力片和色情片，它们对儿童的身心健康进展不利。
对策二：正说反说法。
考生在写作中感到观点空洞茫然，不易理论清楚，乃至不知从何谈起时，能够从正、反两个方面对议题进行“摆事实，讲道理”，即“若是如此，就会怎么样；若是不如此，又会怎么样”。
TEM8写作能力评估_要求_问题及对策
TE M8写作能力评估———要求、问题及对策□邹 申Ξ 写作项目是全国高校英语专业学生8级考试(TE M8)五大项目之一,它的分值占总分的20%。
为了帮助广大师生及有关人员了解TE M8考试中写作项目的目的、要求和注意事项等,本文拟分以下三个方面作一介绍。
一、写作项目的意义和目的 目前语言测试领域里的一个明显趋势是注重考试的效度,即如何更有效地检验被试的语言技能或能力。
在笔试中要提高考试效度,就意味着试卷中需含有能直接测量考生语言能力的项目。
所谓直接测量,就是让考生在考试环境内运用被试能力。
例如,写作能力的测试就通常通过这种直接测试的方法来衡量考生的写作水平。
由于本身所具有的特点,写作项目已成为不少大规模考试中的一个重要组织部分。
目前TE M8考试中的写作项目为一篇命题作文,要求学生在一小时内完成一篇300词左右的文章,文章力求做到观点清楚、例证充分、结构严谨、层次分明、合乎逻辑、语言得体、无重大语法错误。
写作项目的设计主要基于以下几个方面的考虑: 11检查各校执行教学大纲的情况。
TE M8考试属于教学质量检查类的考试,其最终目的是检查各校贯彻教学大纲的情况。
按照大纲,高年级阶段“在对听、说、读、写、译等单项技能提出进一步要求的同时,强调在英语教学中培养学生的英语综合技能、充实文化知识、提高交际能力”(高年级教学大纲, 1990,第1页)。
就写的要求而言,高年级阶段要求学生“能写内容充实,具有一定广度与深度的说明文和议论文,以及有注释与参考书目的课程论文。
……快速写作速度每小时为240—300词”(同上,第5页)。
由此可见,强调培养学生实际运用语言的能力(包括写作能力)是大纲的一个重点。
考试的性质决定了考试的内容,因此,写作能力的评估成为学生实际运用语言能力考核的一个不可分割的部分。
21提高考试效度。
作为教学检查类考试,TE M8考试的主要目的,是测试学生在高年级阶段的整体语言水平(书面)。
TEM4 写作应试指南
写作是TEM4考试的最后一个项目。
考试时间为45分钟。
考试采用主观题型和统一评阅的方式。
写作项目包括两个部分: SECTION A COMPOSITION 和SECTION B NOTE WRITING。
每个部分含有一个写作任务。
A 作文项目简介1. 测试目的: 按照英语专业英语教学大纲的要求，检查学生在基础阶段末的英语写作能力。
2. 测试要求: 根据所给的题目及具体要求，写一篇200词左右的短文。
3. 测试时间: 35分钟。
4. 测试短文类别: 说明文、议论文或记叙文。
5. 评阅标准: 内容切题完整，条理清楚，意思明确，文章结构严谨，语法正确，语言通顺恰当。
辅导一、作文类别SECTION A要求考生根据所给的题目和具体要求，在35分钟内完成一篇200词左右的短文。
根据题目要求，短文可能属于说明文、议论文或记叙文的范围。
因此，对考生来说，首先有必要在平时的学习中了解和熟悉上述三类作文的特点，并经常做针对性练习，这样才能在考试中按要求写作，正常发挥自身的英语写作水平。
1. 说明文一般来说，解释某一事物或过程的文章属于说明文范畴。
如果你打算写一篇文章介绍中国传统节日，在大多数情况下，文章属于说明文类别。
在日常生活中，此类文章用途广泛，如描述一场球赛的过程，比较各国传统习俗，解释某一哲学概念，分析某一社会现象的起因、形成、发展，等等。
说明文的写作依照一定的模式。
也就是说，人们通常运用一些常见的方式从事说明文写作，使文章条理清晰，符合常规逻辑思维框架。
请看下列范文。
范文一:There are many theories, all unproved, as to how language began. Most picturesque among them is the “bow wow” hypothesis, to the effect that men began to speak by imitating the natural sounds they heard, or thought theyheard, around them. The barking of a dog would strike the ear of the leader of a small band of primitive humans. It would sound to him lik e “bow wow”, and as he tried to imitate it, he would convey to the others, by pointing to the dog and repeating “bow wow”, that the creatures that made that particular sound should henceforth be referred to as “bow-wow”.Too simple? Yet, consider how often children spontaneously fasten upon some utterance produced by one of their number, and use it to designate him, pointing to him in derision as they do it.The scientific name for this pr ocess is onomatopoeia, or “name making”. Less scientific but easier to pronounce and spell is “echoic word”. You echo what you hear. If the fall of a big tree in the forest sounds to you like “crash”, that is what you use to designate that type of sound. The noise produced by a bee may sound like “hum” or “buzz”. Words like “click”, “ bang” all seem to be of echoic origin.这篇范文通过定义手法解释了语言中常见的象声词现象。
TEM6写作诀窍
TEM 6写作诀窍20句话左右注意：一定记住要写标题，否则要被扣1分。
A. 写好首段Paragraph1P1常用结构第一部分：吸引读者的兴趣，引出作文的话题，第二部分：表明作者的目的或观点并暗示正文结构。
第一部分（第1-3句话）方法1: 用问题（设问句）What is the effective access to upward mobility?我们可以在文章开始向读者提问，逼着读者回答，而当读者回答问题时，也就中了我们的圈套，在读我们的文章了。
我们提的问题不能太傻，一般二个为宜, 设问句后一定跟一个肯定的回答。
比如：Title-1: Writing With Pencils VS. Writing With ComputersWhat do you think will happen when education embraces computer technology? More lively teaching? More multimedia presentations? Maybe. But one important consequence is that students are writing more with computers.Title-2: The Advantages of InterviewNow in our society what do you have to do if you want to find a job? What lies between you and an ideal job? (That is interview.)方法2: 套用句型（不要死套，一定要用的合理）1.Perhaps no issues are more controversial（这个形容词可以根据情况换）than…(euthanasia) 也许没有问题比…更有争议性。
2.Never before in history has the issue of …been more evident than now. 历史上，(某事)的问题从来没有比现在更加突出。
TEM 4 Writing
WRITING – COMPOSITION [35 minutes]
Remember 200 words are +/- 15 lines. Read the instructions carefully. The first paragraph can be your point of view – say “I think” and repeat the words in the exam paper. Write exactly what you are asked in paragraph 2 + 3 (reasons, examples, effects). Conclude in the last paragraph - restate what you said in the first (you can repeat information).
（5）As
people are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of … 现在人们越来越意识 到…的重要性 Nowadays people are becoming increasingly aware of the importance of wildlife protection.
（1）It
has become a headache of… …已成为令…头疼的问题。 Plagiarism \'pleɪdʒə,rɪzəm\ has become a headache of the whole academic field.
（2）…
it has become fashionable for sb. to do… 现在人 们…的做法变得流行起来。 Nowadays it has become fashionable for university students to mimic their idols’ hairdos and dressing styles.
英语专四作文讲解
英语专四作文讲解When it comes to the Test for English Majors-Band 4 (TEM-4), the essay component is often a source of anxiety for many students. The TEM-4 is a standardized test designed to assess the English proficiency of students who are specializing in English in China. The essay section is a critical part of the exam, as it evaluates a student's ability to express complex ideas in writing. Here's a breakdown of how to approach the TEM-4 essay with confidence.Understanding the Prompt:The first step in writing a successful TEM-4 essay is to thoroughly understand the prompt. Students are typically given a topic and asked to discuss it, often with a specific angle or perspective. It's important to read the instructions carefully and identify the key elements that the essay should address.Planning Your Response:Once you understand the prompt, take a few minutes to plan your essay. This should include:1. Thesis Statement: A clear, concise statement that presents your main argument or perspective on the topic.2. Outline: A basic structure that outlines the mainpoints you will discuss, typically including an introduction, body paragraphs, and a conclusion.Writing the Essay:With a plan in place, you can begin writing your essay. Here's a guide for each section:1. Introduction: Start with a hook to grab the reader's attention, followed by a clear thesis statement that previews your argument.2. Body Paragraphs: Each paragraph should focus on one main point that supports your thesis. Use topic sentences to introduce each point, followed by evidence, examples, or explanations. Remember to maintain a formal tone and use proper academic language.3. Conclusion: Summarize your main points and restate your thesis in a new way. The conclusion should leave a lasting impression on the reader and reinforce your argument.Proofreading:After completing your essay, take the time to proofread. Look for:- Grammar and Spelling Errors: These can significantly impact your score.- Coherence and Cohesion: Ensure that your ideas flowlogically and that there are appropriate transitions between paragraphs.- Adherence to the Prompt: Make sure you have addressed all parts of the prompt.Tips for Success:- Practice: Write essays on various topics to become familiar with the process.- Expand Your Vocabulary: A rich vocabulary allows for more precise and effective expression.- Understand Cultural References: Some prompts may involve cultural or historical contexts, so having a broad understanding can be beneficial.- Time Management: The TEM-4 is timed, so practice writing under time constraints.In conclusion, the TEM-4 essay is an opportunity to showcase your English language skills and your ability to think critically. By understanding the prompt, planning your response, and carefully crafting your essay, you can achieve a high score on this part of the exam. Remember, practice makes perfect, so keep writing and refining your skills.。
英语专业八级考试写作指导
• 高校英语专业八级考试大纲》对专业八级 英语的写作测试做出了规定：考生应能根 据所给题目及要求撰写一篇400个单词左右 的说明文或议论文。与专业四级的写作要 求相比，八级的作文长度增加了一倍多， 时间为45分钟，而原来大纲的规定时间为 60分钟，字数为300个词左右，而且要求语 言通顺，用词得体，结构合理，文体恰当， 并具有说服力。
• 目前TEM8写作项目已形成自身的特色。这 个特色就是项目内的几个部分(观点/情景、 标题、写作要求)具有内在的联系，从而构 成一个整体。因此，审题就意味着不仅仅 是浏览一个标题，而是要兼顾其他部分。 只有这样，学生才能真正明确写作目的， 领会写作要求。
• 以某年的写作项目为例。该年的标题是 SOWING THE SEEDS， NURTURING GROWTH AND HARVESTING THE REWARDS。如果我们孤立 地看题目，就很难领会该篇作文的具体要求和目 的。但是，一旦我们把标题与前面的情景/观点部 分联系起来，这个标题的含义就变得清晰： 它要 求学生用标题所含的农民耕作过程来比拟获得大 学学业成就的过程。同时，对具体语篇模式的要 求（即ANALOGY）也显示在这部分中间。至于 对作文修辞框架的要求，则出现在标题下面的一 段文字中。
TEM8写作考试 采用修辞框架提示方法。
• 比如，在题目要求中写明： • In the first part of your essay you should state clearly your main argument, and in the second part you should support your argument with appropriate details. In the last part you should bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or make a summary.
TEM-4 Writing Review
二选一
折中写法：考生可先写赞成一种观点的几点理由， 接着写赞成另一种观点的理由， 最后考生就自己的情况， 明确表示最终赞成哪一种观点。
examples
1）二选一型：题目给出两种观点，问考生倾向于 哪一种观点。如：While some people claim that a person’s essential qualities are inherited at birth, others hold that the circumstances in which a person grows up are mainly responsible for the type of person he/she later becomes.
利弊型
(1)模板一 Nowadays many people prefer __________ (主题) because it plays a significant role in our daily life. Generally, its advantages can be seen as follows. On the one hand, ________________ (主题的优点1). On the other hand, ___________________ (主题的优点2)。 But everything can be divided into two. The negative aspects are also apparent. One of the important disadvantages is that ___________________ (主题的缺点1). To make matters worse, __________________________ (主题 的缺点2)。 Through the above analysis, I believe that the positive aspects far outweigh its negative aspects. Whatever effects it has, one thing is certain, ________ (主题) itself is neither good nor bad. It is the uses to which it is put that determine its value to our society。
专四写作具体操作
引言段写作方法－－主题法
“the advantages and disadvantages of private tutoring” A recent investigation shows that about 80 percent of the primary school pupil have private tutors and about half of the university undergraduates have the experience of being private tutors. Private tutoring has both advantages and disadvantages, yet in my opinion, it does more harm than good to students.
引言段写作方法－－主题法
01 TRVEL BROADENS OUR MIND It has become a fashion for us Chinese people to go traveling during the long holidays in recent years. People either travel abroad or go sightseeing within the country. In fact, travel has already been turned into a part of our life. The significance of travel is obvious it can broaden our mind .
引言段写作方法－－描写法
99范文: A MAJOR ADVANTAGE OF ADVERTISING ON TELEVISION Every time we turn on TV, we all encounter various advertising --beautiful girls smiling and dancing with fashionable cell phones; handsome young men jumping and swirling with their shining shoes; pretty babies singing and giggling for super milk.... Although different people have different ideas about the advantages and disadvantages of TV ads. I will say the advantages weigh more.
英语专业四级考试写作部分的应对策略及方法
英语专业四级考试写作部分的应对策略及方法摘要：英语专四级考试是衡量学生英语水平的重要指标。
而作文部分占整个测试总分值的四分之一。
因此，克服专四考试中的写作测试能够帮助学生取得良好的测试成绩，并有效地提高学生的英语水平。
本文将分析专四考试大纲的写作部分的评分原则，并探讨有效的应对策略和方法。
关键词：英语专业四级考试；写作；应试策略一、英语专业四级考试写作部分的应对策略及方法(一)考前准备写作能力的培养要从基本功训练开始，扎实的一步一个脚印的做起。
“知己知彼，百战百胜”。
考生一定要在考前认真阅读考试大纲，充分了解专四考试的要求及评分原则的基础上，有目的有针对的去准备，这样才能赢得考试。
就TEM-4写作项目而言，要通过各类写作手法和逻辑思维的训练来提高驾驭文章整体思路的能力，还要提高语言的准确性，使作文思路清晰，论点鲜明，例证充分，语言得体，真正达到写作的要求。
概括起来可从以下几个方面去准备：1扩大词汇量和短语写作文犹如盖房子，词汇短语犹如砖瓦泥土，没有词汇的积累决不可能写出好的文章。
学生应至少具备5000个基本词汇量才能自如应对考试，考生通常要将这些词汇熟记2-3遍，这样才能避免考生在考试中反复使用有限词汇的现象。
其次光有量的积累还不够，还要做到能够结合语境准确恰当的选择和使用词汇。
必须指出并非次的等级越高越好，而是要适合不同的语言环境。
所以在选择词汇时既要避免单调性又要考虑准确性。
2夯实语法基础作文的思想内容必须通过语言形式来表达。
阅卷老师阅卷一般先看语言，再看结构。
TEM-4作文要求语言得体、通顺，无重大语法错误。
TEM-4的写作允许考生有少量的语法错误，但不能影响文章思想内容的表达。
如果作文句不成句，语法错误连篇，就很难将作者的意图表达清楚，也会给阅卷老师留下糟糕的印象。
没有正确通顺的语言何来好的文章?这就要求考生的作文要写的像英文，尤其是开头部分以及每一段的第一句。
历年来的写作项目反映出学生在连贯性和语言的规范性方面还存在一些普遍的问题。
英语考试作文-专八写作-英语专业八级写作对策
英语考试作文专八写作:英语专业八级写作对策写作项目是全国高校英语专业学生八级考试（TEM-8）五大项目之一，它的分值占总分的20％，考试时间为60分钟。
该项目要求考生在规定的时间内根据提示写出300字左右的文章。
文章力求做到观点清楚、例证充分、结构严谨、层次清楚、合乎逻辑、语言得体、无重大语法错误。
?要想写好一篇文章，考生应该注意以下几点：?(1)审题在写作考试中要写出符合题目要求。
高质量的作文，第一步是审题。
所谓审题，就是通过阅读写作题目及相关信息或要求，正确领会题目的含义，了解题目要求，为构思合乎具体写作要求的文章思路及框架打下基础。
数年来TEM-8写作项目已形成自身的特色。
这个特色就是，该项目内的几个部分（观点、情景、标题、写作要求）具有内在的联系，从而构成一个整体。
因此，审题就意味着不是仅仅浏览一个标题，而是要兼顾其他部分。
只有这样，学生才能真正明确写作目的，领会写作要求。
?以TEM-8—1997的写作项目为例。
该年的标题是 SOWING THE SEEDS，NURTURING GROWTH AND HEARVESTING THE REWARDS。
如果我们孤立地看题目的话，就很难领会该篇作文的具体要求和目的。
但是，一旦我们把标题与前面的情景与观点部分联系起来，这个标题的含义就变得清晰：它要求学生用标题所含的耕作过程来比拟获得大学学业成就的过程。
同时，对具体语篇模式的要求（即ANALOGY）也显示在这部分中间。
至于对作文修辞框架的要求，则出现在标题下面的一段文字中。
总而言之，提高审题的准确性有利于学生理解题目含义，了解写作要求，进而有针对性地构思作文内容、布局等。
然而，在历年写作阅卷中我们发现，审题有误仍是学生经常犯的错误之一。
归纳起来有以下几点：1）不熟悉TEM-8写作的设计特点，以为只看标题即可着手写作。
这常常导致在文章内容上出现严重偏差。
2）对情景观点部分的理解一知半解，未经仔细斟酌就提笔写作文。
英语专业四级作文的要求
英语专业四级作文的要求Here's an example of a TEM-4 (Test for English Majors-Band 4) style essay that meets the given requirements:I remember the first time I visited New York City. The skyscrapers were towering above me, and the hustle and bustle of the streets were overwhelming. I felt like a small fish in a big ocean, but I was excited to explore.Yesterday, I had a chance to try out a new recipe for dinner. It was a bit of a challenge, but I managed to pull it off. The result was delicious, and I'm looking forward to making it again soon.During my last trip to the beach, I saw a pod of dolphins swimming in the distance. They were leaping out of the water, playing and frolicking. It was such a beautiful sight, and it reminded me of the joy of nature.I love spending my weekends at the local farmers'market. The colors and smells are incredible, and there's always something new to discover. Last week, I found a vendor selling homemade jams and jellies. The flavors were amazing, and I bought a few jars to take home.One of my favorite hobbies is.。
语言与测试 (TEM4写作考前指导)
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二、确定体裁
审题的任务之一是为了确定作文的体裁，不同体 裁要求不同的写作方法。2004年出版的《高等学 校英语专业英语教学大纲》规定命题作文的体裁 主要是说明文、议论文或者记叙文。但是TEM4命 题来看，说明文和议论文是考核的重点。那么， 如何区别议论文和说明文呢?以议论为主的作文要 求对没有定论的观点、现象提出自己明确的论点， 并用论据论证观点的正确性，如Will Phones Kill Letter Writing?这是一个见仁见智的问题，出题 者要求考生明确回答“是’’还是“否”，然后 证明观点的正确。
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写前准备 一. 审清指令:
The Students' Union of your university is planning to hold an arts festival next semester, and (2)they are inviting students to contribute their ideas and suggestions (3)as to how it should be organized or what should be included.(4) Write on ANSWER SHEET TWO (5) a composition of about 200 words (6)on the following topic. MY IDEA OF A UNIVERSITY ARTS FESTIVAL(7) You are to write in three parts. (7.1)In the first part, state specifically what your idea is. (7．2)In the second part，provide one or two reasons to support your idea or describe your idea． (7．3)In the last part，bring what you have written to a natural conclusion or a summary．(8) Marks will be awarded for content，organization，grammar and appropriateness．Failure to follow the instructions may result in a loss of marks．
TEM写作指导
TEM-4 写作指导大作文：字数：200~250字（220字最佳）15个单词∕句→句数：12~15句1段：3~4句2段：6~8句3段：3~4句分数：11~14分便条：字数：50~60字分数：8~10分模板Advantage/Disadvantage类型:①People’s views towards the advantages and disadvantages of sth.vary greatly. Some believe that……, while others argue that…….As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea because its advantages/disadvantages outweigh its disadvantages/advantages.②There are dozens of reasons behind my belief(支持我的观点).First of all, ……. The second reason that can be seen by every person is that……. For example……③From the above, we can easily see that……Yes/No类型：①It has long been a contentious issue as to whether ……. Somepeople are of the opinion that……, while others point out that……. As far as I’m concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight.②For one thing……., for anther…….③Now, after close examination, it is not difficult to draw aconclusion that……. Therefore, as university student, we……..A/B立场选择型：①The argument over A or B has recently been brought into focus.Quite a few deem that……. But others, in contrast(however), takeB as the premier choice, personally…….②The main reason for my inclination for A(or B) is that…….Furthermore……. Among all of the supporting evidence, thestrongest one is…….③The B way of thinking is too limited, …….. As a college student,I am supposed to…….万能模板：①Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serioussocial/economic/environmental problem which/that has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life.According to a survey, some people are in favor of the idea of doing sth. They point out the fact that ……… They also argue that……②However, other people stand on a different ground. Theyconsider it is harmful to do sth. They firmly point out that …….An example can give the details of this argument …….③There is some truth in both arguments, but I think theadvantages of sth. overweigh the disadvantages.③’(附加段)From the above, we can easily see that sth. is beneficial to …….More measures should be taken to solve the problem.People should be further educated to recognize the importanceof the problems and use more reasonable methods to cope with the problems.Only in this way, can we have a better and wonderful future.替换词左边为被替换词，右边为替换词选择：Company: corporation, business, firm, enterpriseBuild: establish, construct, set upDisadvantage: drawback, weakness, defect, shortcoming Advantage:merit, strength, virtue, benefit;positive /good /favorable /beneficial /helpful /valuable /desirable /useful + points/aspects/respectsCommunity: neighborhoodSupport: argue for, vote for, be in favor of, be supportive of, approve ofOppose: argue against, vote against, object to, be opposed to以上只列了一些比较常用和简单的写作模板还有替换词，写作是个积累的过程，希望大家在考前尽量做真题，看真题的范文，从范文中学习词语搭配和句子结构是短期提高写作的最有效途径。
英语专八写作指导
英语专八写作指导Part Two Structure of TEM-8Compsition1. 作文三段式基本常识由于八级作文使用的是三段式格式，那我们就有必要先对它有个基本的了解。
顾名思义，三段式就是由三个段落组成的文章。
但是这样理解就太简单了。
其实，三段式指的是由三个部分组成的文章，这三部分的关系可以用下面的图1表示：引言段(Introduction Paragraph)正文段1 正文段2 正文段3(Body Paragraph 1) (Body Pamgraph 2) (Body Paragraph 3)结论段(Concluding Paragraph)图示：三段式的段落关系由上图可以看出，三段式的作文会用一个段落作引言，以引出话题并阐明观点，然后会用几个段落来支持这个观点，最后再做一个总结。
虽然上图显示中间部分有三个段落，但实际上作者可以自己决定，如TEM-4的作文和CET的作文，可以少至只有一个；又比如TOEFL 和TEM-8，也可以是好几个段落。
最后作者会用一个简短的段落来结束全文，这个段落就是常说的结论段。
所以说，三段式的结构并不复杂，基本上按照总-分-总的格式来安排就不会有问题。
但是要想保这三个部分确实能起到应有的作用，帮助阅卷教师清楚地判断这三个部分的存在，我们必须在每个部分放置一定的关键信息。
这是写作实战中获得高分关键保证。
第一层为引言段，主要表述文章的thesis statement。
第二层为主要分论点，简称要点；第三层为支持各分论点的证据。
第二层和第三层合起来构成正文段。
第四层提出全文的结论。
由于论据支持分论点，而分论点进而再支持中心思想，因此按照这种结构写出来的文章会给人以论述严谨、层次清晰的感觉，具有较强的说服力。
当然我们也要明白，并不是每一个要点都需要三个论据，这里列举三个只是为了图表的整齐。
由于文章各部分的功能不同，写法自然也不尽相同。
传统观点认为，三段论的文章应该符合开头要简洁，正文要充实，结尾要有力。
纯干货！新版专四写作终极提示
纯干货！新版专四写作终极提示2016版专四明日开考，还在纠结summary + comment 版本的作文怎么写么？2016年起英语专业四级考试（TEM-4）进行重大改革，作文部分从以前的命题作文变成了命题材料作文，而取消了note-writing。
时间为45分钟，分数是20分。
作文的形式大致为，给出一张表格陈述了一个论点的正反方意见，要求：The following are the supporters’ and opponents’ opinions. Read carefully the opinions from both sides and write your response in about 200 words in which you should first summarize briefly the opinions from both sides and give your view on the issue. 样题见文档最后！很多同学提出了自己学校老师写作模板如何如何，某某参考书模板如何如何，最后自己也不了解到底如何写出一篇作文。
我想利用这篇文章给各位同学进行简单的答疑和探讨。
问题1：作文到底该怎么写？整个结构如何？在解答这个问题前，我们首先要了解作文到底要写什么？很多学生养成了衣来伸手饭来张口的习惯，最期待任何一位老师能给自己一个模板，没有自己的想法。
作文写什么并不是由哪个老师或者参考书说了算，作文写什么需要看的是题目！那么我们再细读一下题目要求：write your response in about 200 words in which you should first summarize briefly the opinions from both sides and give your view on the issue. 很明显：给定材料的summary（以下简称summary）和你自己的view（以下简称comments）是考试的两个最核心的部分！任何一个合适的结构模式都应该包含这两个部分，而且应该凸显这两个部分！所以，只要符合把summary和comments作为核心的写作模式都是可以的，分成几段话写只是我们在探讨用什么最优化的模式把这些核心内容呈现出来！因此，我们认为把文章写成四段话较为合理，因为能凸显出两个核心部分！第一段：Background. 引入现象，略加阐述，点到为止，不可赘述（~20 words）。
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TEM 作文注意事项1. 要想使自己的文章在大约一分钟的阅读时间内给老师以赏心悦目的感觉，作文的排版应该不多于卷面的2／3，不少于1／3。
换句话说，就是要留有余地，不要将卷面写得密密麻麻。
2. 字体不要过大或过小，字间距保持均匀，字迹要工整。
段落方面，格式要整齐划一，段首或一律顶格或一律空四个字母的位置。
这些都有易于考生先发制人，取得先机。
3.作文结构及内容TEM一4作文的体裁以议论文为主，由四个部分组成：标题（title），介绍（introduction），主体（body）和结尾（conclusion）。
作文题目要求中一般包含标题，所以需要考生完成的就只有其余三个部分。
（一）介绍（introduction）介绍部分是一篇文章的“地图”，用来提纲挈领。
其中第一句的作用是用来说明整段文章的总义和介绍文章的主题，之后的一至两句则是用来表达考生的个人意见（论点），最后一句通常用来带领进入主体部分。
文章好的开头会引人如胜，激发阅卷老师的阅读兴趣。
一般说来，这一段落不宜太长，要写得简明扼要，主要可以采用以下三种方法：1．引用法。
文章开头引用名人名言、谚语或有代表性的看法见解来引出文章要展开讨论的一种观点，并明确自己的立场。
［Sample］On Making Friends As a proverb goes，a life without a friend is a life without the sun．It is true that everybody needs friends, so I find it quite necessary to make friends．2．现象法。
对于某种社会现象、倾向或社会问题进行剖析的文章通常在文章的开始首先引出这种现象或问题，然后进行评论并提出考生自己的观点。
On Children’s Education Chinese families are traditionally known for valuing the education of their children．Most parents are trying to offer their children the best education，regarding it as their most important duty．It seems to me that there are three reasons for this，all of which are concerned with demands of modern life.3．对立法。
文章开头首先引出人们对要讨论的问题的不同看法，然后提出考生自己的看法，或偏向的那个看法。
此方法多用于有争议性的主题。
I prefer to live in a big city. Different people have different ideas about where to live. Some people like to live in big cities. Others prefer country life. I think both of the lives have their advantages and disadvantages. If l am to make a choice，1 will not hesitate to choose the former．（二）主体（body）主体部分段首通常有一个主题句（topic sentence），用来表示该段的中心思想。
下面是几个常用主题句句型：1．It is be lieved that… has the following advantages．2．… is important in several ways．3．I side with this view for two reasons．4．… benefits us in many ways．接下来的文章应包含二到三个要点，用以支持主题句。
考生可以通过例证、引证、对比、因果论证及反证等方法逐步论述各个要点。
阅卷老师在看文章时也许会通过某些关键性的“标签”来判定你的文章是否结构严谨，条理清晰，因此要在每一个要点前加入表示顺序的词汇，如：to begin with，first and fore— most；then，furthermore，besides；finally，last but not least．The Importance of Extensive Reading Extensive reading benefits us in many ways. First of all, by reading extensively, we can broaden our knowledge. For instance，newspapers and magazines can keep us informed of current events.So it is easy for us to know what is going on in the world today. Secondly, extensive reading helps us improve our reading comprehension effectively. The more we read, the better we understand and the faster our reading speed will be. W hat is more，extensive reading is the best way to enlarge our vocabulary.Due to frequent contact with unfamiliar words, we find it easy to guess the meaning of them even without referring to the dictionary. We can often find context clues for new words．（三）结尾（conclusion）结尾部分的开始通常会用一个特别结论句式，如：in general，to sum up，to conclude，all in all等等。
在200词的文章中，这一部分不宜篇幅过长，最好用一两句话来总结全文，使其前后呼应。
除非只是一个次要观点，否则不要在这段内提出任何新见解，但如果题目要求的话，考生也可以在结论上提出相应的建议、推荐、介绍和解决方法。
四、检查一篇成功的作文少不了反复推敲、一再修改。
然而，由于考试时间和条件等诸多因素的限制，考生要警惕检查作文时的三大“通病”，即，数字数、孤芳自赏、和做结构与内容上大的修改。
必须明确，考试作文的润色和修改只需要达到以下几个目的：拼写正确；用词准确，尤其是名词、动词、形容词、冠词和介词；语法正确，特别是人称、时态、和单复数的三“一致”；正确使用过度性词汇，从而使句子之间以及段落之间都具有逻辑性和条理性。
文章开头句型：1．对立法: 先引出其他人的不同看法,然后提出自己的看法或者偏向于某一看法,适用于有争议性的主题.1).When asked about..., the vast/overwhelming majority of people say that ... But I think/view a bit differently.2). When it comes to .... , some people believe that ....... Others argue/claim that the opposite/reverse is true . There is probably some truth in both arguments/statements , but (I tend to the former/latter ...)3).Now,itis commonly/generally/widely believed/held/acknowledged that .... They claim/believe/argue that ... But I wonder/doubt whether.....2．现象法引出要剖析的现象或者问题, 然后评论.1).Recently the rise in problem of/(phenomenon of) ... has cause/arousedpublic/popular/wide/worldwide concern.2). Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of ...has been brought into focus. ( has been brought to public attention)3).Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality ... is yet another of the newand bitter truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.3．观点法--开门见山,直截了当地提出自己对要讨论的问题的看法.1）Never history has the change of .. been as evident as ...Nowhere in the world/China has the issue/idea of .. been more visible/popular than...2）Now people in growing/significant numbers are beginning/coming to realize/accept/(be aware) that...3). Now there is a growing awareness/recognition of the necessity to......Now people become increasingly aware/conscious of the importance of ......4）Perhaps it is time to have a fresh look at the attitude/idea that.......4. 引用法-- 先引出有代表性的看法, 来引出文章要展开论述的观点!1）"Knowledge is power." such is the remark made by Bacon.This remark has been shared by more and more people."Education is not complete with graduation." Such is the opinion of a great American philosopher. Now more and more people share his opinion. 2）"........." How often we hear such statements/words like those/this.Inour own days we are used to hearing such traditional complains as this "......". 5．比较法-- 通过对过去,现在两种不同的倾向,观点的比较, 引出文章要讨论的观点.1）For years, ...had been viewed as ... But people are taking a fresh look now. With the growing ... , people ....... .2）People used to think that ... (In the past, ....) But people now share this new.6．故事法--先讲一个较短的故事来引发读者的兴趣, 引出文章的主题.1）Once in (a newspaper) , I readof/learnt .... The phenomenon of... has aroused public concern.2）I have a friend who ... Should he .... ? Such a dilemma we are often confront with in our daily life.3）Once upon a time , there lived a man who ... This story may be (unbelievable) , but it still has a realistic significance now.7．问题法--先用讨论或解答的设问, 引出自己观点, 适用于有争议性的话题.Should/What ...... ? Options of ... vary greatly, some ..., others ...But in my opinion, ...。