中文菜谱常见翻译方法

中文菜譜常見翻譯方法中餐菜譜不容易翻譯，原因是中國人の飲食文化比較發達，對菜名特別講究。

菜單翻譯の核心內容是菜用什麼原料做成，因為外國人在餐桌上最關心の是吃什麼東西。

其次要講清楚の是菜の用料，刀法和烹調方法。

由此可見，要譯好菜譜，就必須知道一些主要の用料，刀法，烹調方法及某些準備步驟，希望下麵の英文翻譯對諸位在翻譯公司工作の同行有所幫助：1．常見の用料雞 chicken 鴨 duck 鵝 goose 魚類 fish 肉類 meat豬肉pork 牛肉 beef 小牛肉 veal 羊肉 mutton 小羊肉 lamb牛尾 oxtail 裏脊fillet 排骨 spareribs 腰子 kidney 肚子 tripe肝 liver 舌 tongue 下水offals 蹄子 trotter 胗 gizzard雞什 giblets 鹿肉 venison 雞脯 chickenbreast 甲魚 turtle 海味 seafood蝦 shrimp 乾貝 scallop 螃蟹crab 魷魚 squid 海蟄 jellyfish黃鱔 finless eel 海螺 whelk 野味 game 兔 rabbit 鴿 pigeon鵪鶉 quail 龍蝦 lobster 牡蠣 oyster 田螺 snail 田雞 frog蛇 snake 醃肉 bacon 香腸sausage 火腿 ham 熊掌bear’s paw魚翅shark’s fin燕窩bird’s nest2．煮前の準備工作去骨 boning 例如，去骨鴨掌打鱗 scaling 例如，去鱗魚 scaled fish 剝/去皮 skinning 例如，去皮田雞 skinned frogs脫殼 shelling 例如，蝦仁 shelled shrimps醃制 pickling 例如，鹹酸菜 pickled vegetables3. 常用刀法及用料形狀（1）常用刀法切片 slice 切絲 shred 切丁 dice 切柳 fillet 切碎 mince搗爛mash 釀入 stuff(2) 常用用料形狀肉/ 魚片sliced meat / fish 或 meat / fish slices 肉絲 shredded meat 或 pork shreds肉/雞丁 diced pork / chicken 或meat / chicken cubes 肉末 minced meat 肉丸 meat balls 肉餡 meat filling4. 中餐菜單翻譯法（1）直譯法。

英譯時把對應の製作方法譯出來，再以該菜の主要原料為中心詞。

如：燉牛肉 Stewed Beef（2）直譯加注法。

英譯時直接按中文菜名譯出其意，然後再補充說明其內在含義。

如：獅子頭Lion’s Head ——Pork Meat Balls全家福 Happy Family——A combination of shrimps, pork, beef, chicken, lobster and mixed vegetables with brown sauce(3) 意譯法。

此法可分為三種情況：1）原料+with+作料。

以原料為中心詞，有時捎帶把烹調法也譯出，再加上用介詞with 或in 與作料構成の短語即可。

如：海米白菜 Chinese Cabbage with Dried Shrimps魚香肉絲 Shredded Pork with Garlic Sauce2) 作料+原料。

即把作料用作修飾語，放在中心詞原料の前面。

如：咖喱牛肉 Curry Beef 古老肉 Sweet & Sour Pork3) 以“實”對“虛”法。

即舍去中菜名裏の喻義，誇張等說法而用平直，明白の英語譯出。

如：發財好市 Black Moss Cooked with Oysters彩鳳喜迎春 Baked Chicken and Fried Quail Eggs螞蟻上樹 Vermicelli with Spicy Minced Pork龍虎鳳大燴 Thick Soup of Snake, Cat and Chicken4) “移花接木”法。

借用西方人熟悉並瞭解の歐洲菜名或主食名來譯部分中菜名與少數主食，因為它們之間有許多相似之處。

譯文地道，通俗易懂，能收到事半功倍の效果。

如：烤排骨 Barbecued Spare Ribs 餃子 Chinese-style Ravioli5) 音譯加釋義法。

先按中文用拼音譯出，然後再加以解釋性の英譯，使英譯文保留點“中國味”。

如：包子 Baozi——Stuffed Bun 饅頭 Mantou——Steamed Bread6)“隨機應變”法：原料+地名+Style。

應用此法可以靈活地處理一些難以對付の地方風味特色菜名。

英譯出原料名後，再稍加“點撥”就可以大功告成。

如：廣東龍蝦 Lobster Cantonese Style 麻婆豆腐 Bean Curd Sichuan Style5. 中餐常見の烹調方法中菜の烹調方法至少有50多種，但大體不離：煮（boiling）, 煲/燉（stewing）,燒/燜/燴（braising）, 煎（frying）,炒（stir-frying）,爆（quick-frying）,炸（deep-frying）,扒（frying and simmering）, 煸（sauteing）,煨（simmering）, 熏（smoking）,烤（roasting/barbecuing）, 烘（baking）, 蒸（steaming）, 白灼（scalding）等基本方法。

煮 boiled. 如“煮鹹牛肉” （Boiled Corned Beef）煲/燉 stewed. 如“清燉牛尾” (Stewed Ox Tail in Clear Soup)燒braised. 如“紅燒牛蹄” (Braised Ox Trotters in Brown Sauce)煎（pan-）fried. 如“煎明蝦” （Fried Prawns）炒stir-fried 如“炒雞丁”（Stir-Fried Chicken Dices）爆 quick-fried. 如“蔥爆羊肉” (Quick-fried lamb with Scallion in Ginger Sauce) 炸 deep-fried. 如“炸大蝦” (Deep-fried prawns)扒fried and simmered. 如“蝦子扒海參” （Fried and Simmered Sea Cucumber with Shrimps Roe）煸sauted . 如“幹煸鱔魚” (Sauted Eel Slices)煨simmered. 如“煨牛肉” （Simmered Beef）燜 braised 如“黃酒燜豬排” (Braised pork chops in rice wine)燴 braised 如“燴雞絲” （Braised chicken shreds with peas）熏 smoked 如“熏魚” (Smoked Fish)烘 baked 如“烘鴿” （Baked Pigeon）蒸 steamed 如“蒸鮮魚” （Steamed Fresh Fish）醬/醋 marinated 如“醬雞” （Marinated Chicken）鹵 spicy; stewed in gravy 如“鹵鴨”（Spicy Duck）涮 instant-boiled 如“涮羊肉” （Instant-Boiled Mutton Slices）釀 stuffed 如“釀青椒” （Stuffed Green Pepper）烤 roast; barbecued 如“烤鵝” （Roast Goose）清蒸 steamed (in clear soup) 如“清蒸桂魚” （Steamed Mandarin Fish）清燉 stewed in clear soup 如“清燉甲魚” （Stewed Turtle in Clear Soup）白灼/微煮 scalded 如“白灼海蝦”（Scalded Prawns）紅燒 braised in brown sauce 如“紅燒蹄筋” （Braised Pork Tendon in Brown Sauce）幹燒 in pepper sauce 如“幹燒乾貝” （Scallop in Pepper Sauce）麻辣 with hot pepper 如“麻辣豆腐”（Bean Curd with Hot Pepper / Spice BeanCurd）醬爆 in bean sauce 如“醬爆肉丁” （Diced Pork in Bean Sauce）魚香 in (spicy) garlic sauce 如“魚香肉絲” （Shredded Pork in Garlic Sauce）糖醋 with sweet and sour sauce 如“糖醋排骨” （Spareribs with Sweet and Sour Sauce）宮保 with chili and peanuts 如“宮保雞丁” （Diced Chicken with Chili and Peanuts）脆皮 crisp (in spicy sauce) 如“脆皮魚” （Crisp Fish）香酥 crisp fried 如“香酥雞” （Crisp Fried Chicken）焦溜fried in sauce 如“焦溜魚片” （Fried Fish Slices in Sauce）甜酸 sweet and sour 如“甜酸肉”（Sweet & Sour Pork）胡辣 with pepper and chili 如“胡辣海參” （Sea Slug with Pepper and Chili）油淋 drip-fried with oil 如“油淋兔” （Drip-Fried Rabbit with oil）幹煸 dry-sauteed 如“幹煸季豆” （Dry-sauteed String Beans）鹽水 boiled in salt water 如“鹽水蝦” （Boiled Shrimps in Salt Water）家常 home style 如“家常豆腐”（Bean Curd Home Style）陳皮 with spicy orange peel 如“陳皮雞” （Chicken in Spicy Orange Peel）回鍋 double-sauteed 如“回鍋肉” （Double-sauteed Pork Slices）五香 spiced 如“五香牛肉” (Spiced Beef)幹炸 dry deep-fried 如“幹炸羊肉”（Dry Deep-fried Lamb Breast）軟炸 soft deep-fried 如“軟炸裏脊” （Soft-fried Pork Fillet）酥炸 crisp deep-fried 如“酥炸羊脯” （Crisp Fried Lamb Breast）串烤 skewered 如“串烤羊肉青椒”（Skewered Mutton with Green Pepper）鐵扒 grilled 如“鐵扒乳鴿” （Grilled Baby Pigeon）燒烤 roast 如“烤乳豬”（Roast Suckling Pig）砂鍋 in casserole 如“砂鍋魚翅” （Shark’s Fin in Casserole）鍋巴 with sizzling /crispy rice crust 如“鍋巴海參” （Sea Slug with Sizzling / Crispy Rice Crust）芙蓉 with egg white 如“芙蓉海參” (Sea Cucumbers with Egg white)麻醬 with sesame paste 如“麻醬海參”（Beche-de-mer with Sesame Paste）三鮮 with two other delicacies 如“三鮮海參” （Sea Cucumbers with Other Two Delicacies）醋溜 in distilled grains sauce 如“醋溜雞片” （Sliced Chicken in Distilled Grains Sauce）涼拌 in soy sauce 如“涼拌海蟄” （Jellyfish in Soy Sauce）酸辣 hot and sour 如“酸辣黃瓜” （Hot and Sour Cucumber）薑汁 in ginger sauce 如“薑汁扁豆” （Snap Beans in Ginger Sauce）蠔油 in oyster sauce 如“蠔油香菇” （ Mushrooms in Oyster Sauce）蒜泥 with mashed garlic 如“蒜泥胡豆” （Broad Beans with Mashed Garlic）什錦 mixed; assorted 如“什錦絲冬粉” (Assorted Shreds with Vermicelli)茄汁 in tomato sauce 如“茄汁雞脯”（Chicken Breast in Tomato Sauce）咖喱 with curry 如“咖喱牛肉” （Fried Beef withy Curry）八寶 (stuffed) with eight delicacies 如“八寶雞” （Chicken Stuffed with Eight Delicacies）蔥爆 quick-fried with scallion in ginger sauce 如“蔥爆羊肉” （Quick-fried Lamb with Scallion in Ginger Sauce）粉蒸 steamed in rice flour 如“粉蒸牛肉” （Steamed Beef in Rice Flour）奶油 in cream sauce 如“奶油魚肚” （Fried Fish Maw in Cream Sauce）木犀 with scrambled eggs and fungus 如“木犀肉” （Fried Pork with Scrambled Eggs and Fungus）醉 liquor-preserved 如“醉蟹” （Liquor-preserved Crabs）辣味 in chili sauce 如“辣味燴蝦” （Braised Prawns in Rice Wine）豆豉 in black bean sauce 如“豆豉桂魚” （Mandarin Fish in Black Bean Sauce）黃燜 braised in rice wine 如“黃燜大蝦” （Braised Prawns in Rice Wine）椒鹽 with pepper and salt 如“椒鹽排骨” （Spare Ribs with Pepper and Salt）怪味 multi-flavored 如“怪味雞” （Multi-flavored Chicken）西餐(Western Food)頭盤及沙拉類1醃熏三文魚Smoked Salmon2醃三文魚Marinated Salmon with Lemon and Capers3 凱撒沙拉Caesar Salad4 鮮蘑雞肝批Chicken Liver Terrine with Morels5 乳酪瓤蟹蓋Baked Stuffed Crab Shell6 鮮果海鮮沙拉Seafood Salad with Fresh Fruit7 廚師沙拉Chef's Salad8 金槍魚沙拉Tuna Fish Salad9 尼斯沙拉Salad Nicoise湯類10 奶油蘑菇湯Cream of Mushroom Soup11 奶油胡蘿蔔湯Cream of Carrot Soup12 奶油蘆筍湯Cream of Asparagus Soup13 番茄濃湯Traditional Tomato Soup14 海鮮周打湯Seafood Chowder15 法式洋蔥湯French Onion Soup16 牛肉清湯Beef Consommé17 匈牙利濃湯Hungarian Beef Goulash18 香濃牛尾湯19 義大利蔬菜湯Minestrone Soup20 蔬菜幹豆湯Hearty Lentil Soup21 牛油梨凍湯Chilled Avocado Soup22 西班牙番茄凍湯Gazpacho禽類23 紅酒鵝肝Braised Goose Liver in Red Wine24 乳酪火腿雞排Chicken Cordon Bleu25 燒瓤春雞卷Grilled Stuffed Chicken Rolls26 紅酒燴雞Braised Chicken with Red Wine27 烤雞胸釀乳酪蘑菇餡Baked Chicken Breast Stuffed with Mushrooms and Cheese 28 炸培根雞肉卷Deep-Fried Chicken and Bacon Rolls29 水波雞胸配意式香醋汁Poached Chicken Breast with Balsamic Sauce30 烤火雞配紅漿果少司Roast Turkey with Cranberry Sauce31 烤瓤火雞Roast Stuffed Turkey32 燒烤雞腿Barbecued Chicken Leg33 烤檸檬雞腿配炸薯條Roasted Lemon Marinade Chicken Leg with French Fries34 扒雞胸Char-Grilled Chicken Breast35 咖喱雞Chicken Curry36 秘制鴨胸配黑菌炒土豆Pan-fried Duck Breast with Sautéed Potatoes and Truffles 牛肉類37 紅燴牛肉Stewed Beef38 白燴小牛肉Fricasseed Veal39牛裏脊扒配黑椒少司Grilled Beef Tenderloin with Black Pepper SauceGrilled Beef Rib-Eye Steak41 西冷牛排配紅酒少司Roast Beef Sirloin Steak with Red Wine Sauce42 T骨牛扒T-Bone Steak43 烤牛肉Roast Beef44 羅西尼牛柳配苯酒汁Beef Tenderloin and Goose Liver with Truffle and Port Wine Sauce45 青椒汁牛柳Beef Tenderloin Steak with Green Peppercorn Sauce46 鐵板西冷牛扒Sizzling Sirloin Steak47 香煎奧斯卡仔牛排Pan-fried Veal Steak Oscar with Hollandaise Sauce48 咖喱牛肉Beef Curry49 威靈頓牛柳Fillet Steak Wellington50 俄式牛柳絲Beef Stroganoff51 燴牛舌Braised Ox-Tongue52 紅燴牛膝Osso Bucco53 黑胡椒鹿柳配野蘑菇和芹菜烤面皮Venison Fillet Black Pepper Coat with Wild Mushroom and Celery Brick 豬肉類54 燒烤排骨Barbecued Spare Ribs55 煙熏蜜汁肋排Smoked Spare Ribs with Honey56 義大利米蘭豬排Pork Piccatta57 瓤餡豬肉卷配黃桃汁Stuffed Poke Roulade With Yellow Peach Sauce58 煎麵包腸香草汁Pan-fried Swiss Meat Loaf with Pesto Sauce59 炸豬排Deep-Fried Pork Chop羊肉類60 扒羊排Grilled Lamb Chop61 扒新西蘭羊排Grilled New Zealand Lamb Chop62 烤羊排配乳酪和紅酒汁Roast Lamb Chop with Cheese and Red Wine Sauce63 羊肉串Lamb Kebabs64 烤羊腿Roasted Mutton Leg魚和海鮮類65 海鮮串Seafood Kebabs66 扒金槍魚Grilled Tuna Steak67 扒挪威三文魚排Grilled Norwegian Salmon Fillet68 三文魚扒配青檸黃油Grilled Salmon with Lime Butter69 比目魚柳和扇貝配紅酒核桃汁Braised Sole fillet & Sea Scallops with Red Wine and Walnuts 70 煎比目魚Pan-fried Whole Sole71 烤三文魚柳配香草汁和黑橄欖醬Roasted Salmon Fillet With Pesto Black Olive Purée72 烤三文魚排義大利寬面和藏紅花汁Roasted Salmon Steak With Tagliatelle & Saffron Sauce73 煎紅加吉魚排Grilled Red Snapper Fillet74 黃油檸檬汁扒魚柳Grilled Fish Fillet in Lemon Butter Sauce75 扒大蝦Grille king Prawns76 蒜茸大蝦Grilled King Prawns with Garlic Herb Butter77 巴黎黃油烤龍蝦Baked Lobster with Garlic Butter78 乳酪汁龍蝦Gratinated Lobster in Mornay Sauce79 香炸西班牙魷魚圈Deep-Fried Squid Rings80 荷蘭汁青口貝Gratinated Mussels Hollandaise Sauce蛋類81 火腿煎蛋Fried Eggs with Ham82 洛林乳蛋餅Quiche Lorraine83 溜糊蛋Scrambled Eggs面、粉及配菜類84 海鮮通心粉Macaroni with Seafood85 海鮮意粉Spaghetti with Seafood86 義大利乳酪千層餅Cheese Lasagna87 什萊乳酪比薩餅Pizza Vegetarian88 海鮮比薩Seafood Pizza89 烤牛肉蘑菇比薩Roast Beef and Mushroom Pizza90 肉醬義大利粉Spaghetti Bolognaise91 義大利乳酪餛飩Cheese Ravioli in Herbed Cream Sauce 92 咖喱海鮮炒飯Stir-Fried Seafood Rice with Curry93 紅花飯Saffron Rice94 阿拉伯蔬菜黃米飯Couscous with Vegetables95 西班牙海鮮飯Paella96 牛肉漢堡包Beef Burger97 雞肉漢堡包Chicken Burger98 美式熱狗American Hot Dog99 俱樂部三文治Club Sandwich100 金槍魚三文治Tuna Fish Sandwich101 烤牛肉三文治Roasted Beef Sandwich102 健康三文治Healthy Sandwich103 煙熏三文魚Smoked Salmon104 土豆泥Mashed Potatoes105 里昂那土豆Lyonnaise Potatoes106 公爵夫人土豆Duchesse Potatoes107 燴紅椰菜Braised Red Cabbage with Apple 甜品西點類108 黑森林蛋糕Black Forest Cake109 英式水果蛋糕English Fruit Cake110 草莓乳酪蛋糕Strawberry Cheese Cake111 草莓蛋糕Strawberry Cake112 藍莓乳酪蛋糕Blueberry Cheese Cake113 美式乳酪蛋糕American Cheese Cake114 綠茶乳酪蛋糕Green Tea Cheese Cake115 義大利提拉米蘇Italian Tiramisu116 大理石乳酪蛋糕Marble Cheese Cake117 咖啡乳酪蛋糕Coffee Cheese Cake118 紅莓松糕Cranberry Muffin119 乾果派Mixed Nuts Pie120 藍莓松糕Blueberry Muffin121 琳澤蛋糕Linzer Cake122 芒果木司蛋糕Mango Mousse Cake123 蘋果派Apple Pie124 草莓酥條Strawberry Napoleon Sliced125 巧克力榛子蛋糕Chocolate Hazelnut Cake126 巧克力木司Chocolate Mousse127 水果脆皮酥盒Puff Pastry with Fruits128 維也納巧克力蛋糕Sacher Cake129 熱情果木司Passion Mousse130 杏仁多納圈Almond Donuts131 牛奶巧克力多納圈Milk Chocolate Donuts132 鮮水果配沙巴洋Fruit with Sabayon133 水果蛋撻Fresh Fruit Tart134 白巧克力奶油布丁White Chocolate Brulee135 綠茶布丁Green Tea Pudding136 芒果布丁Mango Pudding137 熱棗布丁Warm Sticky Date Pudding138 香草布丁Vanilla Pudding139 焦糖布丁Cream Caramel / Caramel Custard 140 果仁布朗尼Walnut Brownies141 咖啡劇本蛋糕Coffee Opera Slice餅乾及其它142 手指餅Lady Finger143 蝴蝶酥Butterfly Cracker144 巧克力曲奇Chocolate Cookies145 爆米花(甜/鹹)Popcorn(Sweet/Salt)146 香草霜淇淋Vanilla Ice Cream147 巧克力霜淇淋Chocolate Ice Cream148 草莓霜淇淋Strawberry Ice Cream149 綠茶霜淇淋Green Tea Ice Cream150 冰霜Sherbets151 冰糖蓮子銀耳羹Candied Lotus Seed & White Fungus Soup 152 草莓奶昔Strawberry Milk Shake153 巧克力奶昔Chocolate Milk Shake154 咖啡奶昔Coffee Milk Shake麵包類155 水果丹麥Fruit Danish156 牛角包Croissant157 袋子包Pita Bread Plain158 農夫包Farmer Bread159 洋蔥包Onion Loaf160 全麥包Whole Wheat Bread161 軟包Soft Roll162 硬包Hard Roll163 長法棍French Baguette吐司麵包Toast中國小吃英文表達中式早點燒餅 Clay oven rolls油條 Fried bread stick韭菜盒 Fried leek dumplings水餃 Boiled dumplings蒸餃 Steamed dumplings饅頭 Steamed buns割包 Steamed sandwich飯團 Rice and vegetable roll蛋餅 Egg cakes皮蛋 100-year egg鹹鴨蛋 Salted duck egg豆漿 Soybean milk飯類稀飯 Rice porridge白飯 Plain white rice油飯 Glutinous oil rice糯米飯 Glutinous rice鹵肉飯 Braised pork rice蛋炒飯 Fried rice with egg地瓜粥 Sweet potato congee面類餛飩面 Wonton & noodles刀削麵 Sliced noodles麻辣面 Spicy hot noodles麻醬面 Sesame paste noodles鴨肉面 Duck with noodles鱔魚面 Eel noodles烏龍面 Seafood noodles榨菜肉絲麵 Pork , pickled mustard green noodles 牡蠣細面 Oyster thin noodles板條 Flat noodles米粉 Rice noodles炒米粉 Fried rice noodles冬粉 Green bean noodle湯類魚丸湯 Fish ball soup貢丸湯 Meat ball soup蛋花湯 Egg & vegetable soup蛤蜊湯 Clams soup牡蠣湯 Oyster soup紫菜湯 Seaweed soup酸辣湯 Sweet & sour soup餛飩湯 Wonton soup豬腸湯 Pork intestine soup肉羹湯 Pork thick soup魷魚湯 Squid soup花枝羹 Squid thick soup甜點愛玉 Vegetarian gelatin糖葫蘆 Tomatoes on sticks長壽桃 Longevity Peaches芝麻球 Glutinous rice sesame balls 麻花 Hemp flowers雙胞胎 Horse hooves冰類綿綿冰 Mein mein ice麥角冰 Oatmeal ice地瓜冰 Sweet potato ice紅豆牛奶冰 Red bean with milk ice 八寶冰 Eight treasures ice豆花 Tofu pudding果汁甘蔗汁 Sugar cane juice酸梅汁 Plum juice楊桃汁 Star fruit juice青草茶 Herb juice點心牡蠣煎 Oyster omelet臭豆腐 Stinky tofu (Smelly tofu) 油豆腐 Oily bean curd麻辣豆腐 Spicy hot bean curd蝦片 Prawn cracker蝦球 Shrimp balls春捲 Spring rolls蛋卷 Chicken rolls碗糕 Salty rice pudding筒仔米糕 Rice tube pudding紅豆糕 Red bean cake綠豆糕 Bean paste cake糯米糕 Glutinous rice cakes蘿蔔糕 Fried white radish patty芋頭糕 Taro cake肉圓 Taiwanese Meatballs水晶餃 Pyramid dumplings肉丸 Rice-meat dumplings豆幹 Dried tofu其他當歸鴨 Angelica duck檳榔 Betel nut火鍋 Hot pot。