专业英语八级(人文知识)模拟试卷12(题后含答案及解析)

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专业英语八级(人文知识)模拟试卷100(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（人文知识）模拟试卷100(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGEPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.1．Ernest Hemingway puts forward a famous principle in literary writing, which isA．the Principle of Realism.B．the Principle of the Iceberg.C．the Principle of Naturalism.D．the Principle of Expressionism.正确答案：B解析：海明威提出了著名的“冰山原理”(The Principle of the Iceberg)。

知识模块：人文知识2．______ is the representative work of the Lost Generation.A．This Side of ParadiseB．The Great GatsbyC．The Sun Also RisesD．A Farewell to Arms正确答案：C解析：《太阳照常升起》是美国20年代“迷惘的一代”(Lost Generation)的代表作。

知识模块：人文知识3．All the following works feature the “Stream of Consciousness” EXCEPTA．The Sound and the Fury.B．The Winter of Our Discontent.C．Lie Down in Darkness.D．To the Lighthouse.正确答案：B解析：《烦躁的冬天》(The Winter of Our Dis-content)是约翰·斯坦贝克(John Steinbeck)的作品，他是经济大萧条时期最杰出的小说家，不是“意识流”流派。

专业英语八级(人文知识)模拟试卷82(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（人文知识）模拟试卷82(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGEPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.1．The largest university in Canada is ______A．University of Toronto.B．McGill University.C．University of Waterloo.D．Laval University.正确答案：A解析：多伦多大学建于1827年，是加拿大最大的大学。

麦基尔大学是加拿大唯一一个能与多伦多大学相提并论的大学。

滑铁卢大学是加拿大发展最快的学校。

拉瓦勒大学是加拿大最古老的大学。

知识模块：人文知识2．______ is the highest mountain in Britain.A．SnowdonB．ScafellC．Ben NevisD．The Pennines正确答案：C解析：本尼威斯山位于苏格兰，是英国最高的山。

斯诺登山是英国第二高峰。

斯科菲峰是英格兰地区的最高峰。

奔宁山脉是英国英格兰北部的主要山脉和分水岭。

知识模块：人文知识3．The United States Declaration of Independence was drafted and signed in ______A．Philadelphia.B．Washington D.C.C．Chicago.D．San Francisco.正确答案：A解析：《美国独立宣言》为北美洲十三个英属殖民地宣告自大不列颠王国独立。

该宣言的起草和签署都是在费城。

知识模块：人文知识4．In New Zealand,______plays the role of the representative of the monarch.A．the Prime MinisterB．the Governor-GeneralC．the Queen or KingD．the Cabinet正确答案：B解析：新两兰是君主立宪制国家，英国女王是国家的元首，由总督作为女王代表行使职权。

专业英语八级(人文知识)模拟试卷111(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（人文知识）模拟试卷111(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGEPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.1．In the 1960s, pop music underwent a revolution when ______ became world famous and turned their hometown of Liverpool into a place of pilgrimage.A．the Beach BoysB．the Rolling StoneC．the AnimalsD．the Beatles正确答案：D解析：四个选项都是60年代世界知名乐队，但A“海滩男孩”是美国的乐队。

B“滚石”和C“动物乐队”虽然是英国的乐队。

但他们不是从Liverpool 发源的。

这道题的关键是知道The Beatles的家乡是利物浦。

知识模块：人文知识2．The political theory underlining The Declaration of Independence came from A．Thomas Jefferson.B．George Washington.C．British philosopher John Locke.D．American philosopher John Locke.正确答案：C解析：Thomas Jefferson是《独立宣言》的起草人之一：George Washington 是美国第一任总统；D是一个强干扰项，但John Locke不是美国人。

所以，正确答案应该是C。

专业英语八级(人文知识)练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（人文知识）练习试卷1(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.535)的代表作。

知识模块：人文知识7．Which of the following is not a work of Edgar Allan Poe in American history?A．The Raven.B．Annabel Lee.C．To Helen.D．The Pasture.正确答案：D解析：Edgar Allan Poe(埃德加·爱伦·坡，1809～1894)美国作家、诗人、编辑及文学评论家。

其诗旋律优美，才华横溢。

诗歌特色是唯美和恐怖，如让人毛骨悚然的诗歌The Raven(《乌鸦》)。

Israfel(《以色拉非》)是爱伦·坡为自己所做的代言诗歌，而Annabel Lee(《安娜贝尔·李》)则是哀悼一位美丽女孩之死。

死亡是爱伦·坡作品中多次出现的主题。

To Helen(《致海伦》)也是其著名作品。

[D]The Pasture(《牧场》)是美国著名田园诗人Robert Frost(罗伯特·弗罗斯特，1874～1963)的诗作，故为答案。

知识模块：人文知识8．Chomsky’s ______ hypothesis is based on his observations that some important facts can never be otherwise explained adequately such as children can learn language very fast.A．naturalB．innatenessC．genuineD．heritage正确答案：B解析：Chomsky认为语言是某种天赋，儿童天生就具有一种学习语言的能力，叫做“语言习得机制(LAD)”。

他认为儿童生来就具有一种独特的天赋才能(innateness)，即儿童天生就具有基本的语法知识和语法范畴的知识，并且这种知识是一种通用的、普遍的知识，是存在于一切人类语言之中并为人类幼儿所天生具有的知识，[B]innateness(天赋)为答案。

专业英语八级(人文知识)练习试卷2(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（人文知识）练习试卷2(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGEPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.1．On which of the following streets is the financial centre of the U．S．10cated?A．Fleet Street．B．Downing Street．C．Wall Street．D．Baker Street．正确答案：C解析：华尔街是美国纽约曼哈顿南部一条大街的名字，长不超过1英里，宽仅11米，是美国主要金融机构的所在地，被誉为“西方的金融中心”。

其他三条街都在英国。

Fleet Street(舰队街)是英国报纸业较为集中的一条街，也是英国新闻界的代称。

Downing Street(唐宁街)是英国首相官邸及一些政府主要部门在伦敦的所在地。

Baker Street(贝克街)是伦敦西区的一条繁华街道。

小说家柯南·道尔(Sir Arthur Conar Dogle)塑造的人物福尔摩斯和华生医生曾于1881年至1904年居住在该街221B号(作者虚拟未来的地址)。

知识模块：人文知识2．The jury in the High Court of New Zealand is composed of ______ members．A．18B．16C．14D．12正确答案：D解析：新西兰高等法院陪审团由12位成员组成。

知识模块：人文知识3．Education in the U．K．is compulsory”for all children aged betweenA．5 and 16．B．8 and 17．C．6 and 15．D．7 and 19．正确答案：A解析：英国5到16岁的学生必须接受义务教育。

专业英语八级(人文知识)模拟试卷101(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（人文知识）模拟试卷101(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGEPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.1．Language is a system of arbitrary vocal symbols used for humanA．contact.B．communication.C．relation.D．community.正确答案：B解析：语言是人类在交际中使用的一套任意的声音符号系统。

知识模块：人文知识2．General linguistics is the scientific study ofA．language of a certain individual.B．human languages in general.C．the system of a particular language.D．the English language.正确答案：B解析：普通语言学研究整个人类语言，而非单独研究某种特定语言。

知识模块：人文知识3．Which branch of study is not included in the scope of Linguistics?A．Syntax.B．Anthropology.C．Pragmatics.D．Phonetics.正确答案：B解析：只有B“人类学”不属于语言学的一个分支。

知识模块：人文知识4．The study of how sounds are put together and used to convey meaning in communication isA．morphology.B．general linguistics.C．phonology.D．semantics.正确答案：C解析：本题问关于用以在交流中传递信息的语音如何被组织在一起的学科是什么．选C“音系学”。

专业英语八级(人文知识)模拟试卷60(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（人文知识）模拟试卷60(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGEPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.1．When any of the maxims under the cooperative principle is flouted, ______ might arise.A．impolitenessB．contradictionsC．mutual understandingD．conversational implicatures正确答案：D解析：人们并不总是严格遵守合作原则的准则，且有时故意违反它们，正是对这些准则的公然违反才产生了会话含义(Conversational Implicature)，即言听双方通过有意识地违反这些准则，使话语变得间接或委婉，或表达更为隐晦的含义。

知识模块：语言学2．______ is the act performed by or resulting from saying something; it is the consequence of, or the change brought about by the utterance.A．A locutionary actB．An illocutionary actC．A perlocutionary actD．A performative act正确答案：C解析：言后行为是由言说某话语而引起的后果或变化，是话语在听者身上产生的效果，故选C。

言语行为理论中的Performative指“施为句”，但没有D “performativeact”的概念。

专业英语八级(人文知识)模拟试卷113(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（人文知识）模拟试卷113(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGEPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.1．St. Lawrence and River Columbia are shared by bothA．America and Mexico.B．America and Canada.C．America and Cuba.D．America and Brazil.正确答案：B解析：美国与古巴和巴西并不接壤，故可首先排除。

圣劳伦斯河是北美五大湖的出水道。

也是加拿大的最重要河流之一．由此可知答案应为B。

知识模块：人文知识2．European settlement of Australia began in the late part of______ when a British penal colony was established on the east coast of the continent.A．the 16th centuryB．the 17th centuryC．the 18th centuryD．the 19th century正确答案：C解析：1788年，由菲利普船长率领的第一批殖民者在澳大利亚杰克逊港建立起第一个英国殖民区。

在随后的一百年间，澳大利亚成为英国的流放地。

知识模块：人文知识3．Both Memorial Day and ______ are observed in memory of those who have given their lives for the United States.A．Veterans DayB．Independence DayC．Thanksgiving DayD．Labor Day正确答案：A解析：阵亡将士纪念日和退伍军人节都是为了纪念在战争中为国捐躯的战士的。

专业英语八级模拟试卷及答案解析(12)

C.They respond to science differently from the scientists.
D.They don´t have their particular personal and cultural values.
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A.The project was launched about five years ago.
专业英语八级模拟试卷及答案解析（12）
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Question and Answer Choice Order This lecture is a part of a series of lectures on survey designing. We tend to talk about the ways to determine the question and answer choice order, contributing to a successful questionnaire. I. Two Broad Issues A. How the order can encourage people to【T1】______the survey.【T1】______ B. How the order could affect the【T2】______of the survey.【T2】______ II. Solutions to the First Issue A. question order—listing the questions from easy to difficult can build【T3】______【T3】______—grouping together questions on the same topic—leaving difficult or【T4】______questions until near the end【T4】______ B. answer choice order—using the【T5】______order【T5】______—presenting agree-disagree choices—positive to negative and【T6】______to poor scales【T6】______—numeric rating scales:【T7】______should mean more agreeing answers【T7】______ III. Solutions to the Second Issue A. something【T8】______mentioned【T8】______—solutions: randomize the order of related questions or separating related questions with【T9】______ones【T9】______ B.【T10】______【T10】______—solutions: a. use good softwares to list questions in a random order b. ask a short series of【T11】______at a point【T11】______ c. change the "positive" answer by【T12】______some questions【T12】______ C. answer choice order—solutions: a. If answer choices have【T13】______, use that order.【T13】______ b. If questions are about【T14】______or recall or with long answer choices,【T14】______ use software to list them in a random order. IV. Conclusion—【T15】______: keep the questionnaire as short as possible【T15】______ If a question is not necessary, do not include it.

专业英语八级(人文知识)模拟试卷120(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（人文知识）模拟试卷120(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGEPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.1．The 1954 Nobel Prize for literature was awarded to______ for his “mastery of the art of modern narration”.A．William FaulknerB．John SteinbeckC．Saul BellowD．Ernest Hemingway正确答案：D解析：1954年海明威凭借《老人与海》获诺贝尔文学奖。

诺贝尔文学奖评委称其具有“现代叙述艺术的精湛技巧”。

知识模块：人文知识2．______ was Edmund Spenser’s masterpiece which has been regarded as one of the great poems in the English language.A．AmorettiB．The Shepherd’s CalendarC．The Faerie QueeneD．Four Hymns正确答案：C解析：长诗《仙后》是英国杰出诗人Edmund Spenser的杰作，它是英国诗歌创作的典范。

Spenser在《仙后》一诗中首创著名的“斯宾塞诗体”，影响深远。

知识模块：人文知识3．“We shall know a word by the company it keeps.” This statement represents A．the conceptualist view.B．contextualism.C．the naming theory.D．behaviorism.正确答案：B解析：语境论的代表人物是弗斯(J．R Firth)，语境论者认为语言的意义离不开使用语言的语境，语义不是抽象的，它存在于语境之中，它来自语境，取决于语境。

专业英语八级(人文知识)模拟试卷80(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（人文知识）模拟试卷80(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGEPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.1．The highest mountain in Britain is ______A．Scafell.B．Ben Nevis.C．Snowdonia.D．Belfast.正确答案：B解析：Scafell是英格兰的最高峰；Ben Nevis位于苏格兰，是英国的最高峰；Snow—donia是威尔士的最高峰，有名的旅游区；Belfast是北爱尔兰的首府，并非山峰的名字，故B正确。

知识模块：人文知识2．In Britain,the Conservative Party and the Labor Party are the major political powers. In general election,______tend to be more inclined to support the Conservative Party.A．the older and womenB．the young and menC．university studentsD．farmers正确答案：A解析：英国是两党制国家，保守党和工党轮流执政。

老人和妇女多数支持保守党，但是年轻人、男人、大学生和农民作为群体并没有明显的政党倾向性，故A正确。

知识模块：人文知识3．______, located at the southern end of Lake Michigan, is the second largest city in the U. S.A．New YorkB．Washington D.C.C．ChicagoD．Philadelphia正确答案：C解析：芝加哥是美国的第二大城市，最重要的线索是它位于密歇根湖的最南端，选项中的其他三个城市都不是位于湖区，故C正确。

专业英语八级(人文知识)模拟试卷97(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（人文知识）模拟试卷97(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGEPART III GENERAL KNOWLEDGE (10 MIN)Directions: There are ten multiple-choice questions in this section. Choose the best answer to each question.1．George Eliot was the pen-name ofA．Mark Twain.B．Mary Ann Evans.C．Ellis Bell.D．Samuel Langhorne Clemens.正确答案：B解析：乔治·艾略特(George Eliot)的原名是玛丽·安·伊万斯(Mary Ann Evaus)。

知识模块：人文知识2．Mary Barton was a masterpiece ofA．Jane Austen.B．Mrs. Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell.C．George EliotD．Elizabeth Browning.正确答案：B解析：《玛丽·巴顿》(Mary Barton)是盖斯凯尔夫人(Mrs．Elizabeth Cleghorn Gaskell)的作品。

知识模块：人文知识3．Great Expectations was written byA．William M. Thackeray.B．Alfred Tennyson.C．Charles Dickens.D．George Eliot.正确答案：C解析：《远大前程》(Great Expectations)是查尔斯·狄更斯(Charles Dickens)的作品。

知识模块：人文知识4．Thomas De Quincey’s ______ has impacted influence on James Joyce and T. S. Eliot.A．On the Knocking at the Gate in MacbethB．On Murder Considered as One of the Fine ArtsC．Confessions of an English Opium-EaterD．Literary Reminiscences正确答案：C解析：《一个抽鸦片的英国人的自白》(Confessionsof an English Opium-Eater)是托马斯·德·昆西(Thomas De Quincey)的作品，对后来的詹姆斯·乔伊斯和T．S．艾略特都产生一定的影响。

专业英语八级(人文知识)模拟试卷102(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（人文知识）模拟试卷102(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.jpg />kb3：d]；而词组black bird指颜色为黑色的任意一种鸟，读音是[blkb3：d]，bird重读。

复合词与词组的发音之间，重音不同，因此选D。

知识模块：人文知识2．______ studies the sound system of language and the functioning of the speech sounds.A．PhoneB．PhoneticsC．PhonologyD．Morphology正确答案：C解析：研究语言的声音系统以及语音的功能的学科是音系学。

音系学是从功能的角度出发，研究语音和音节的结构、分布和序列。

知识模块：人文知识3．If two sounds are in complementary distribution, they are ______ of the same phoneme.A．allophonesB．symbolsC．phonesD．signs正确答案：A解析：若两个基本相似的音段从不会出现在相同的语音环境中。

则它们之间就是互补分布的关系．处于互补性分布一定是同一个音位的音位变体。

知识模块：人文知识4．Which pair of words is NOT a minimal pair?A．put / but.B．rat / cat.C．lead / read.D．sit / bit.正确答案：A解析：put和but中除了首字母p和b的发音不同外，字母u在两个单词中的发音也不同，因此不符合最小对立体的定义。

其他三组中除了位于词首的字母发音不同外。

其余的发音都相同，属于最小对立体。

知识模块：人文知识5．Which of the following sound combinations is permissible in English?A．[kibl].B．[bkil].D．[libk].正确答案：A解析：语音组合成词在排列顺序上要受到一定制约，根据英语音系学的序列规则，只有[kibl]是可能的语音组合。

专业英语八级模拟试卷120(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级模拟试卷120(题后含答案及解析)题型有： 1. LISTENING COMPREHENSION 2. READING COMPREHENSION 3. GENERAL KNOWLEDGE 4. PROOFREADING & ERROR CORRECTION 5. TRANSLATION 6. WRITINGPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION (35 MIN)SECTION A MINI-LECTUREDirections: In this section you sill hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but you will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. When the lecture is over, you will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.听力原文：What is an American? “I can’t make you out,” Henry James has Mrs. Tristram say to the American, “Whether you are very simple or very deep. “This is a dilemma which has often confronted Europeans. Usually they conclude that Americans are childish. But one can not accurately call one society mature, another immature. Each has its own logic. What is it then that makes Americans recognized wherever they go? It is not, we hope, the noisy, boasting, critical, money scattering impression made by one class of tourists. The only thing to be said in their defense is that, released from the social restrains which would make them act very differently at home, they are bent on making most of this freedom. Americans carry with them an appearance which is more a result of attitude than of clothing. This attitude combines a lack of class consciousness, a somewhat jaunty optimism and an inquistiveness which in combination look to the European like naive. Also a liking for facts and figures, an alertness, more muscular and ocular than intellectual, and above all a desire to be friendly. To boil it down to the briefest summary, American characteristics are the product of response to an unusually competitive situation combined with unusual opportunities. Americans are a peculiar people. They work like mad, then give away much of what they cam. They play until they are exhausted, and call this a vacation. They love to think of themselves as tough-minded business men, yet they are pushovers for any hard luck story. They have the biggest of nearly everything, but they like to think of themselves as little people, average men. and they would like to cut every-thing down to their own size.When they meet, they are always telling each other, “Take it easy. “then they rush off like crazy in opposite directions. They play games as if they were fighting a war and our living standards are improving, we may eat out and taste all kinds of delicious foods we like at anytime, but it is considered good manners not to waste food. It is a good idea to bring the unfinished food home with doggie bags. fight wars as if playing a game. They love children, animals gadgets, mother, work, excitement, noise, nature, television shows, comedy, installment buying, fast motion, spectator sports, the underdog, the flag,Christmas ,jazz, shapely women and muscular men, classical recordings, crowds, comics, cigarettes, warm houses in winter and cool ones in summer, thick beefsteaks, coffee, icecream, informal dress, plenty of running water, do-it-yourself, and a working week trimmed to forty hours or less. They crowd their highways with cars while complaining about the traffic, flock to movies and television while gripping about the quality and the commercials, go to church but don’t care much for sermons, and drink too much in the hope of relaxing-only to find themselves stimulated to even bigger dreams. There is, of course, no typical American. But if you added them all together and then divided by 226,000,000 the: would look something like what this chapter has tried to portray.What Is An American? “I can’t make you out, “Herry James has Mrs. Tristram say to the American,”whether you are very simple or very deep. “This is a 【1】______ 【1】______which has confronted Europeans.What is it then that makes Americans【2】______ wherever they go? 【2】______We hope it is not the unpleasant impression made by some tourists.Americans carry an appearauce which is more a result of attitude thanof clothing. This attitude combines a lack of class【3】______ , an optimism 【3】______and an inquisitiveness. Also a liking for facts and figures, an【4】______ 【4】______and above all a desire to be friendly.Americans are a【5】______ people. They work like mad then give away 【5】______what they earn. They play until they are exhausted, and call this a【6】【6】____________They like to think of themselves as average men. They tell each other “Take it easy”, while always rushing off like crazy.They crowd their highways with cars while complaining about the traffic, 【7】______【7】______ to movies while【8】______ about the quality, go to church but 【8】______don’t care much for【9】______, amt drink too much, only stimulated to 【9】______bigger dreams.There is, of course, no【10】______ American. But if you added them【10】______all together and then divided by its total number they would look like whatthis chapter portrays.1．【1】正确答案：dilemma2．【2】正确答案：recognized3．【3】正确答案：consciousness4．【4】正确答案：alertness5．【5】正确答案：peculiar6．【6】正确答案：vacation7．【7】正确答案：flock8．【8】正确答案：gripping9．【9】正确答案：sermons10．【10】正确答案：typicalSECTION B INTERVIEWDirections: In this section you will hear everything ONCE ONLY. Listen carefully and then answer the questions that follow. Questions 1 to 5 are based on an interview. At the end of the interview you will be given 10 seconds to answer each of the following five questions.Now listen to the interview.听力原文：British man: What is there about this English language of ours that makes it possible for the two of us --having grown up,perhaps,4,000 miles apart--to be able to communicate so easily?American man: Well, we might begin by recognizing that language consists of sounds, words, inflections, and the arrangement of words into phrases and sentences.B: Let’s begin with one of these: the inflectional forms--for example, the noun plurals and verb tenses. Surely, in this aspect, British and American English have not diverged very much, have they?A: No, not at all. Thousands of nouns form their plurals in the regular fashion in the manner of “cat”-- “cats”; ”dog”--” dogs”“church”--”churches”. And this is the same on both sides of the Atlantic. Would you say the same thing for the verbs?B: Yes, I think I would. Here again the regular forms are so overwhelming in number, aren’t they? For most of the verbs, our two forms of language are pretty well identical.A: Well, that depends onwhat you mean by identity. I can think, for example, of instances where our spellings are alike but the pronunciation is different. For example, the past of the verb “eat.”B. Yes, the past tense is spelled in both forms of English “a--t--e”. But I pronounce this as [εt] to rhyme with “get”as do most of us in Britain, and I think that we would tend to regard the American pronunciation as a relatively uneducated one. Isn’t it true that most educated people in the U. S. would rhyme “ate”with”late”regard the British pronunciation as a bit odd?A: More than a bit odd. I would say. Actually to us, [εt] seems countrified, even uneducated. We could supply other examples here, but I think we should go on to the order of words in phrases and sentences. After all, it is through word order, rather than inflectional forms, that so much of our grammatical meaning is conveyed.B: Yes, and I suppose this is one of the reasons why we have so little difficulty in understanding each other. It’s hard to think of any place that you and I would have arranged the principal sentence elements in a different way.A: You are right, of course. For example, the entire English speaking world puts the subject before the verb and the object after it in making a sentence.B: None of these grammatical differences add up to very much, do they? Let’s talk briefly now about pronunciation. Take the difference that is probably best known: the sounding or not sounding of [[r] after vowels in words like “bird” and “hurt”. It’s not just a matter of saying that Americans sound the [r]s and the Britishers don’t. After all, as you know, in Scotland, Lancashire, Ireland, and the whole of the western counties of England really, the [r]s are pronounced more or less as they are with you.A: Yes, and in the States, on the other hand, you will find a rather large area in New England, almost all of the area around New York City, and various parts of the coastal south, where the Americans don’t sound the [r]s. And it’s equally difficult to generalize about the differences in pronunciation of words like “dance”, which I pronounce with the vowel in cap [∧] and you pronounce with the vowel in “father”;[ a: ]. In the United States we vary a good deal; for example, eastern New England has the [a] type of pronunciation.B: As you know, we don’t have [a:] at all widely either. It occurs among educated speakers and in the South and in London, but in the northern counties of England people have a pronunciation similar to yours. So I think we should insist on people not exaggerating the differences between British and American English.11．______ in British and American English have diverged very much according to tike speakers.A．Regular noun plural formsB．Irregular noun plural formsC．Verb tensesD．None of the above items正确答案：D解析：根据谈话内容可知：规则变化、不规则变化的名词复数形式及动词的时态变化在美式英语和英式英语中均无多大差别。

专业英语八级(翻译)模拟试卷12(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（翻译）模拟试卷12(题后含答案及解析) 题型有： 5. TRANSLATIONPART V TRANSLATION (60 MIN)SECTION A CHINESE TO ENGLISHDirections: Translate the following text into English.1．一个人的生命究竟有多大意义，这有什么标准可以衡量吗?提出一个绝对的标准当然很困难：但是，大体上看一个人对待生命的态度是否严肃认真，看他对待工作、生活的态度如何，也就不难对这个人的存在意义做出适当的估计了。

古来一切有成就的人，都很严肃地对待自己的生命，当他活着一天，总要尽量多工作、多学习，不肯虚度年华，不让时间自白地浪费掉。

我国历代的劳动人民以及大政治家、大思想家等等都莫不如此。

正确答案：What is the significance of life? Are there any criteria for its measurement? Difficult as it is to advance an absolute standard, it is not so hard to form a sound evaluation of the very meaning of a person’s existence by roughly judging his attitude towards life, work and etc. Throughout the ages, all people of accomplishment took their lives seriously. As long as they were alive, they devoted themselves to more work and study and would not let a single minute slip by in vain. And the same is true of the common laboring people as well as the great statesmen and thinkers in our country over the centuries.解析：1、第1段为评论性文字，故宜采用一般现在时；第2段追述历史，以古证今，故应转换成过去时。

专业英语八级(人文知识)模拟试卷126(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（人文知识）模拟试卷126(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.jpg />.正确答案：A解析：四个选项中只有[ai]是双元音。

知识模块：人文知识16．Canada is the world’s ______producer of nickel, zinc, and asbestos.A．primaryB．secondC．thirdD．fourth正确答案：A解析：加拿大是世界镍锌和石棉的第一大生产国，钾碱产量居世界第二。

黄金产量居第三，铜产量位居第四。

知识模块：人文知识17．The British constitution is made of up the following EXCEPTA．statute law.B．convention.C．common law.D．natural law.正确答案：D解析：英国没有一本独立的成文宪法，而是由成文法、习惯法和惯例组成。

知识模块：人文知识18．The financial, manufacturing and transportation center of the United States isA．New York.B．Washington D.C.C．Philadelphia.D．Chicago.正确答案：A解析：纽约是美国的经济和制造业中心和交通枢纽。

知识模块：人文知识19．______ is the nickname of Britain.A．John BullB．Robin HoodC．John ArbuthnotD．Uncle Sam解析：18世纪初，作家兼御医John Arbuthnot写了一本《约翰牛传》(The History of JohnBull)，主张英、法和平相处。

书中主人公的名字就叫做John Bull，作者用他来代表英国。

从此，John Bull(约翰牛)就成了英国和典型英国人的代名词。

知识模块：人文知识20．Which of the following writings can be regarded as typically belonging to the school of Romantic literary?A．Don Juan.B．Ulysses.C．Jane Eyre.D．Sons and Lovers.正确答案：A解析：《唐·璜》是英国浪漫主义代表诗人拜伦的成名作。

专业英语八级(人文知识)模拟试卷121(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（人文知识）模拟试卷121(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.jpg />B．[u]C．[e]D．[i]正确答案：B解析：[u]为后元音，其他三项都是前元音，故B为正确答案。

知识模块：人文知识20．What is the basic lexical relation between piece and peace?A．Synonymy.B．Antonymy.C．Homonymy.D．Polysemy.正确答案：C解析：piece和peace发音相同，但形式和意义不同，属于“同音／同形异义关系”(homonymy)中的同音异义词(homophones)。

知识模块：人文知识21．The first American president to be elected from the Republican Party was A．Thomas Jefferson.B．James Monroe.C．James Madison.D．Abraham Lincoln.正确答案：D解析：美国历史上的第一位共和党总统是亚伯拉罕·林肯。

知识模块：人文知识22．China and Ireland established diplomatic relations in June,A．1972B．1976C．1978D．1979.正确答案：D解析：中国与爱尔兰于1979年6月正式建立外交关系。

知识模块：人文知识23．The United Kingdom is aA．colony.B．unitary.C．republic.D．feudal country.正确答案：B解析：英国属于中央集权国家(unitary)，而不是联邦制国家。

知识模块：人文知识24．The English Civil War is also calledA．the Puritan Revolution.B．the second Magna Carta.C．Wars of Roses.D．the Anglican War.正确答案：A解析：英国内战又称为清教徒革命。

专业英语八级(人文知识)模拟试卷124(题后含答案及解析)

专业英语八级（人文知识）模拟试卷124(题后含答案及解析)题型有：1.D．1863.正确答案：C解析：美国内战爆发于1861年，结束于1865年。

知识模块：人文知识8．The two important crops in Britain areA．barley and corn.B．wheat and rice.C．barley and oats.D．wheat and barley.正确答案：D解析：小麦和大麦是英国最重要的庄稼。

知识模块：人文知识9．New Zealanders have adopted their name from the kiwi,A．which is a native flightless bird.B．which is the only mammal in New Zealand.C．which was introduced to New Zealand about 1000 years ago.D．which is an introduced flightless bird.正确答案：A解析：几维鸟，又名奇异鸟，是新西兰的国鸟。

是新兰西当地一种不会飞的鸟。

知识模块：人文知识10．What flourished in Elizabethan age more than any other form of literature?A．Novel.B．Essay.C．Drama.D．Poetry.正确答案：C解析：16世纪早期到17世纪之间的伊利莎白时期是英国戏剧的高峰。

这时期有莎士比亚、斯宾塞、克里斯托弗·马洛等著名剧作家。

知识模块：人文知识11．Which of the following does NOT belong to the woman writers of the 20th century?A．Virginia Woolf.B．Harriet Beecher Stowe.C．Alice Walker.D．Toni Morrison.正确答案：B解析：哈里特·比彻·斯托是美国19世纪著名女作家及废奴主义者，她的代表作是《汤姆叔叔的小屋》。

英语专业八级人文知识练习题及答案

美国概况练习题：1 The traditional dividing line in America between “east” and “west”2 The earliest part in America to be found and taken over by early settlers is3 The largest racial group in the whole population of4 Before 2000, the largest minority group in the United States5 ____has the world’s oldest written constitution and political6 The economic problem caused by the depression in 1929 was eventually solved7 In the United States, primary education8 Most college students in the United States are9 The three main levels of courts of the federal judicial system in America10 _____(which state )is not governed by the common law.练习题答案及题解:1. The Mississippi River, 密西西比河是美国传统的东方和西方的分界限。

2 .The Atlantic and Gulf Coastal Plain，最先被初期居住者发现和占领的地方是大西洋及其沿岸平原。

3 .Non-hispanics white，非西班牙裔的白人是美国最大的种族群体。

4 .African Americans，2000年以前非裔美国人是美国最大的少数民族群体。