2022届高考英语一轮复习必修3Unit4 学案含解析新人教版

Unit 4 Astronomy: the science of the stars话题：职业选择【场景背诵】－－体会黑体表达并背诵全文When I graduated from high school, I wanted to major in comparative literature. But, once I found out my friends were going into “real” majors, like marketing, nursing, and engineering, I figured I needed to do the same to ensure a good career. So I changed my mind and chose Business Management as my major. I forced myself to believe that I would enjoy it and succeed in the future, but eventually I exhausted myself understanding the economy and trying new marketing techniques. Coming out of this experience, I realize it is OK to be different from others and to study things like classics, art history and other majors offered in the College of Humanities (人文学科)! (2019·高考天津3月卷· D)【话题运用】－－根据提示进行写作1．拥有更广阔的视角，我们将会更加自由，更加思想开明，并且有更少的桎梏限制我们的发展。

With a broader perspective, we will be more free, more open­minded, and less limited in what we can become!2．全身心地追逐你梦想的专业，无论别人怎么想。

Chase after your dream major with all your energy, no matter what other people think. 在认识的单词前打“√”□astronomy n．□fun damental adj.□solar adj. □atom n.□carbon n. □dioxide n.□vapour n. □presence n.□dissolve vt.& vi. □acid n.□chain n. □multiply vi.& vt.□oxygen n.□mam mal n.□geologist n. □extinct adj.□lessen vi.& vt. □spaceship n.□weightlessly adv. □satellite n.□shellfish n.1．atmosphere n．大气层；气氛2．gravity n．万有引力；重力3．thus adv.因此；于是4．gentle adj.温和的；文雅的5．climate n．气候6．crash vi.& vt.碰撞；坠落7．pull n．& vt.拉(力)；拖；牵引力8．float vi.& vt.(使)浮动；(使)漂浮n．漂浮物9．system n．系统；体系；制度10．theory n．学说；理论1．puzzle vt.& vi.(使)迷惑；(使)为难n.谜；难题→puzzled adj.迷惑不解的→puzzling adj.令人迷惑的2．violent adj.猛烈的；激烈的；强暴的→violence n．暴力→violently adv.暴力地；猛烈地3．unlike prep.与……不同；不像→like vt.喜欢prep.像；如同→likely adj.可能的4．harmful adj.有害的→harm n．& vt.伤害→harmless adj.无害的5．exist vi.存在；生存→existence n．存在；生存6．globe n．球体；地球仪；地球→global adj.全球性的；全世界的7．religion n．宗教；宗教信仰→religious adj.宗教的8．biology n．生物学→biologist n．生物学家9．reaction n．反应；回应→react vi.反应10．physicist n．物理学家→physics n．物理[强化训练]一、根据所给提示，用适当形式填空1．Steve moved to the piano and sat at the bench，hands trembling as he gently (温柔地) placed his fingers on the keys. (2019·高考江苏卷)2．Accustomed to the climate (气候) in the countryside，the old couple prefer not to move to the city.3．The meeting was held in a lively atmosphere (气氛) where everybody felt free to share his ideas.4．We failed to find enough evidence; thus (因此) we concluded that he was innocent. 5．The old scientist told his students that scientific theories (theory) must be based on facts.6．My uncle's car caught fire by the road.Fortunately，he was pulled (pull) out of the car by a passer­by.7．He found something floating (float) on the lake，which frightened him.8．A truck went out of control and crashed (crash) into the back of a bus. 9．The popularity of these platforms is spreading globally (global). (2020·高考全国卷Ⅱ)10．In face of violence，people can act violently if they feel threatened.(violent) 11．Playing computer games will not only do harm to your physical health，but it is also harmful to your mental health.So there is no harm in advising you to give it up.(harm)12．As is known to us，everyone has his likes and dislikes．My little sister is fond of pop music.She is likely to become a famous pop singer in the future.(like) 13．Since my younger brother is fond of biology，he is determined to become a biologist when he grows up.(biology)14．He often says that he doesn't believe in any religion but meanwhile he respects others' religious freedom.(religion)15．There was a puzzled look on the little girl's face because a puzzling problem puzzled her.(puzzle)二、熟词生义(写出加黑词的词性及词义)1．(2019·高考北京卷) Phytoplankton live at the ocean surface，where they pull carbon dioxide (二氧化碳) into the ocean while giving off oxygen. vt.吸收2．The lady hadn't chained her dog up，thus getting it killed on the main road.vt.用链条拴住3．We nearly exhausted our coal reserved for the winter，which worried us a lot.vt.用尽，用完【联想记忆】“阻止/禁止某人做某事”的多种表达①prevent sb. from doing sth.②prohibit sb. from doing sth.③stop sb. from doing sth.④ban sb. from doing sth.⑤keep sb. from doing sth.⑥forbid sb. from doing sth.⑦discourage sb. out of doing sth.⑧stand in one's way of doing sth.1．in time 及时；终于2．prevent...from 阻止；制止3．now that 既然4．cheer up 感到高兴；感到振奋5．lay eggs 下蛋6．give birth to 产生；分娩7．in one's turn 轮到某人；接着8．watch out for 密切注意；当心；提防9．depend on 依靠；取决于10．break out 突发；爆发11．block out 挡住(光线)12．get the hang of 熟悉；掌握；理解活用一：①Now that we all understand that the haze is harmful to our health，we should take effective measures to ②prevent it from getting bad to worse. No matter what happens，we must ③cheer up and try to reduce the pollution. If we keep on，we'll succeed ④in time．活用二：A fire ①broke out in the building last night. Luckily，the firefighters arrived in time and put out the fire. We were warned to ②watch out for electricity and gas when cooking our meals. Thanks to the firefighters' help，we were not injured. They are the men that we can ③depend on when we are in trouble.原句展示仿写运用1.This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for life to develop.[解读] 动词＋it＋adj./n.(宾补)＋to do。