Relative-Clause关系从句的用法

2. Only “that” in use, not “which, who, whom”
antecedent + (that) there be…
I know the difference (that) there is between you. The number of mistakes (that) there are in this homework is simply surprising.
Examples
In the years when (that / in which ) food was not enough many people were starved to death. The next day John went with me to the railway station, where I bought a ticket for Beijing. That is the reason why (that / for which ) I am not in favor of the plan.

3. Relative pronoun: but
but = that (which / who) … not; 用于no 后
There is no rule but has some exceptions. There are very few but admire his talent.

6. Relative pron.
the way + that / in which
We admire the way he solved the problem. In general, the way people think about themselves has a profound effect on all areas of their lives.

2. Only “that” in use, not “which, who, whom”
no / every / some / only / very / much + Antecedent
This is the very book that I have been looking for. There is no person that doesn’t make mistakes.

7. Restrictive / nonrestrictive relative clause
restrictive relative clause
The authors who (whom / that ) he mentioned are well-known. He is the man who has strong personality.
3当as在其引导的从句中充当主语时其位于动词通常是be或其他系动词以及被动语态此时若as引导的定语从句不在句首和which可互换
Lecture 6
English Grammar
Changbiao Li December, 2009
Major Contents
Lecture 1 Introduction to NEG Lecture 2 Non-finite verb (infinitive, -ing / -ed participles) Lecture 3 Subject-verb concord Lecture 4 Determiners Lecture 5 Tense, aspect, voice and mood Lecture 6 Relative clause Lecture 7 Cohesion and coherence Lecture 8 Sentence patterns (It-pattern, coordination/ subordination, conditional sentence, postponement/ fronting/ inversion, comparison)
Lecture 6 Relative Clause
1.
Peer discussion
Comments on Essay 3
Passage correction
1. Definition of Relative Clause
A relative clause is a clause that is introduced by a relative word by a relative pronoun or by a lative adverb I shall never forget the day when I entered the university.

5. Relative adverb
ordinal numeral / last + time + (that)… …time + that / when
This is the last time that I shall give you a lesson. The first time (that) I entered the college was in 1988.
At the scene there were two cigarettes left, one of which was stained with lipstick.
10. Double relative clause
Referring to a postmodifier composed of two relative clauses that share one and the same antecedent. The two clauses may be on the same rank of structure and are connected by a coordinator. You will easily find us; just look for a house whose windows need washing and whose fence needs repairing.
Whose (of Whose (of whom) which)
examples
He is a man who / that means what he says. People whose dog bite other people should keep them tied up. The few points ( which / that ) the president stressed in his report are very important indeed.

antecedent
Relative clause
by a relative pronoun
Substitute Substitute Substitute sb. sth. sb. / sth. As subject who which that As object As attributive whom which that

8. The same… as / such…as/ as…as/ so…as
Relative adverb: as
I lend you such books as will interest you. She knew he felt just the same as she did. Such people as you describe are rare nowadays. Here is so big a stone as no man can lift.

by a relative adverb
Relative adverbs when where why
Substituted antecedent functions
Nouns denoting time Nouns denoting place reasons
Adverbial of time Adverbial of place Adverbial of reason

8. As / which
As: 1）代替主句整个或部分内容；2)引导 的非限制性定语从句可位于句首、句中或句 尾；3）当as在其引导的从句中充当主语时， 其位于动词通常是be或其他系动词以及被动 语态，此时若as引导的定语从句不在句首， as 和which可互换。
Which：引导的非限制性定语从句不能位于 句首；

7. Restrictive / nonrestrictive relative clause
non-restrictive relative clause
The clock, which my great-grandfather bought, is still in good order. He is going to the golf course, where he intends to put in some practice.
9. prep. + relative pron.
This is the largest clock in the world, of which the minute hand / the minute hand of which is six meters long. These are the conditions (which / that ) he can’t put up with.

2. Only “that” in use, not “which, who, whom”
ordinal numeral / superlative degree + Antecedent
This is most interesting film that has been produced in recent years. The first thing I am going to do is to write to my parents.

4. Relative pronoun: than
than = comparative adj. + antecedent
You spent more money than was intended to be spent. He spends more money than he earns. The earth revolves a little more rapidly than it is closer to the sun.
10. Double relative clause
Two clauses may also be placed on different levels. She is the only girl I know who can play the guitar. (Here the first relative clause modifies “the only girl”, while the second relative clause modifies “the only girl I know”)
2. Only “that” in use, not “which, who, whom”
Antecedent: all, everything, nothing, something, anything, little, much, none, few
Much that I learned in the book is very useful. Professor Li has told us something that we should do in the summer vacation.

2. Only “that” in use, not “which, who, whom”
Two antecedents (sb. + sth. / animal)
They are talking about the teachers and schools that they had visited. Look at the man and his donkey that are walking up the street.