期末英语专业跨文化交际试题试题及参考答案

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2005-2006学年春季学期大学英语跨文化交际课程期末试题...

黑龙江大学 2005-2006 学年春季学期大学英语跨文化交际课程期末试题
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2005-2006 学年春季学期大学英语跨文化交际课程期末试题（B 卷）学年春季学期大学英语跨文化交际课程期末试题（
订线题号 I 40 分 II 15 分 III 15 分 IV 20 分 V 10 分（院系：院系：专业：专业：卷面分 100 随堂测试 20 分课堂表现 10 分年级：年级：评卷人）
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折合 70%
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得分年级
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Part I. Choose one word or expression from those in the box below to fill the gap in each of the sentences. Write the correct letters in the blanks on your answer sheet. （2×20=40）） c. Communication competence j. Symbols
1. Assume that global warming is a fact, and, as a result, assume that summers in the United States average 43℃ (109℉). It would be logical to make adjustments: Rather than air condition building all day, you might close schools and businesses in the afternoons to conserve energy. Such adjustments would make sense. Why then do some people attribute sensible midday siestas in hot climates to laziness? 2 An international student in a U.S. grocery may be asked, “paper or plastic?” The student knows what paper is and what plastic is, but don’t understand the question.

跨文化交际期末考试题【新】

跨文化交际期末考试题【新】第一部分：选择题（共20题，每题1分，共20分）1. 当出现语言障碍时，以下哪个是最好的应对策略？A. 用手势和肢体动作来表达自己的意思B. 大声说出自己的观点C. 重复使用相同的单词和短语来帮助理解D. 简化语言使用的复杂度，使用简单易懂的语言2. 对于跨文化交流来说，以下哪种观念是最关键的？A. 遵循自己国家的行为准则B. 尊重不同文化之间的差异C. 强制对方接受自己的文化D. 批判对方的文化习惯3. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种沟通方式是最常用的？A. 肢体语言B. 非语言信息C. 语言信息D. 交流方式4. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种观点是最重要的？A. 接受自己的文化习惯B. 批判他人的文化习惯C. 理解他人的文化习惯D. 拒绝他人的文化习惯5. 在一个跨文化交际的场合中，以下哪个应该是最高的优先级？A. 活跃的参与B. 语言水平的熟练程度C. 适应当地的礼仪和行为准则D. 强调自己的文化背景6. 以下哪个是一个跨文化交际中最常见的问题？A. 礼貌和礼仪的不同B. 文化差异造成的文化霸权C. 认知差异的沟通问题D. 语言障碍7. 以下哪种服务最适合在跨文化交际中使用？A. 机器翻译服务B. 优先选择专业的口译和翻译服务C. 通过朋友或熟人的介绍寻找帮助D. 利用在线社交媒体解决问题8. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种事情应该避免？A. 尊重并遵循当地的礼仪和行为准则B. 试图改变或批判当地的文化习俗C. 沿用自己的文化行为准则D. 关注当地的文化和语言细节9. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种技巧是最有用的？A. 避免使用简单易懂的语言B. 直截了当地表达自己的观点C. 关注当地的非语言行为和信号D. 尝试使用当地的单词和短语10. 当尝试与跨文化背景的人交流时，以下哪种能力是最重要的？A. 语言能力B. 理解当地文化的背景C. 思考和行动的方式D. 批判思维11. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪个语言问题最常见？A. 不同的拼写和拼音B. 不同的语法结构和单词含义C. 方言和口音D. 礼仪和交际方式12. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪个观念是最必要的？A. 尊重当地的文化背景B. 认为自己的文化优越C. 轻视当地的命令和指示D. 批判当地文化的错误13. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪个事情是至关重要的？A. 去熟悉当地的文化和语言背景B. 寻找机会批判当地的文化习惯C. 坚持自己的文化行为准则D. 放松身心，自然而然的融入当地环境14. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种行为应该被避免？A. 尊重他人的文化背景B. 没有认真倾听对方的观点C. 关注当地的语言和文化细节D. 对对方的文化行为进行批评和评价15. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种观念是最重要的？A. “我们的文化最好”B. “我们的文化最好，但我们也能接受其他文化”C. “所有文化都有其独特之处，值得尊重和理解”D. “其他文化与我们的文化无关”16. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种行为应该被避免？A. 关注和遵守当地的礼仪和行为准则B. 尝试使用当地的语言和单词C. 尊重和理解当地的文化习俗D. 批判和否定当地的文化习俗17. 在一个跨文化交际的场合中，以下哪个应该是最高的优先级？A. 展示自己的文化背景B. 关注当地的语言和文化细节C. 认真倾听对方的观点D. 强调自己优越的文化背景18. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种事情应该被避免？A. 尊重所有人的文化背景B. 批判当地的文化行为C. 关注当地的非语言信号D. 使用当地的语言和单词19. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种技巧是最有用的？A. 尊重当地的文化背景B. 试图改变当地的文化行为准则C. 使用自己的语言和单词D. 关注当地的微妙而又微小的语言和非语言信号20. 在跨文化交际中，以下哪种行为应该被避免？A. 关注当地的礼仪和行为准则B. 忽略当地的迷信和传统信仰C. 尊重当地的宗教和文化背景D. 沿用自己的文化行为准则第二部分：简答题（共5道题，每题4分，共20分）1. 解释什么是文化差异，并列举至少三个文化差异的例子？2. 解释为什么认知差异在跨文化交际中是一个重要的问题，并提供至少三个示例说明不同的认知差异会如何影响跨文化交流?3. 解释什么是非语言沟通，并列举至少三个非语言沟通的例子？4. 解释为什么跨文化交际中的措辞和用词是非常重要的，并提供至少三个示例说明，不同的词语和措辞可能导致文化差异。

《跨文化交际》试题及评分标准5

《跨文化交际》试题及评分标准5跨文化交际试题英语专业跨文化交际试题注意事项一、将你的学号、姓名及分校(工作站)名称填写在答题纸的规定栏内．考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。

试卷和答题纸均不得带出考场。

监考人收完考卷和答题纸后才可离开考场。

二、仔细读懂题目的说明，并按题目要求和答题示例答题。

答案一定要写在答题纸的指定位置上，写在试卷上的答案无效。

三、用蓝、黑圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使用铅笔答题无效。

Information for the examinees：This examination consists of three sections. They are:Section Ⅰ : Listening Test (30 points, 30 minutes)Section Ⅱ : Reading Test (50 points, 60 minutes)Section Ⅲ : Writing Test (20 points, 30 minut es)The total marks for this examination are 100 points. Time allowed for completing this examination is 2 hours (120 minutes).Section Ⅰ： Listening Test 30 pointsInstructions:■ The Likening Test will take approximately 30 minutes.■ There are two pans t o the test and you will hear each part twice.■ There will he a pause of 30 seconds before each part to you look through ,h questions and another one after each part to allow you to think about your answers.■ You can first write your answers on this test paper. You will have 10 minutes at the end of the test to transfer your answers to the Answer Sheet.■ ALL ANSWERS MUST APPEAR ON THE ANSWER SHEET.Part 1: Questions 1 — 10 are based on this part. 10 pointsYou are going to listen to a telephone conversation between a student and a professor. Choose the best answer from A, B, C and D to answer each question. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. What is the name of the course that Benjamin Jones has taken?A. History.B. Art.C. Art history.D. Art gallery.2．The speaker makes the call firstly because________.A. his roommate is ill, and cannot hand in the term paperB．he knows the teacher wellC. he wants to choose this courseD．he is ill, and cannot hand in his term paper3. Which description about .he course "Landscape Painters" is no, true?A. It"s a course for non-art majors.B. We"ll be looking at several different painters and examining their works.C. We"ll also look at the history and politics of the era in which they lived.D. It is a course for art majors.4. What is true about the requirement for this course?A. The students must pass the final exam.B. The students have no final exam.C. The students have to give a major presentation about all the painters.D. The students have to give a major presentation about theart history.5. Where is the location of the professor"s office?A. The office is in the fine arts building right next to the library.B. The office is in the fine arts building right next to the gate.C. The office is in the fine arts building to the right of the library.D. The office is in the fine arts building to the right of the gate.Part 2: Questions 6—15 are based on this part. (10 points)You are going to listen to a part of a lecture on cultural diversity at home. As you listen, fill in the blanks to complete Sentences 6 —15. Note：Only one word is necessary for each blank.6. It has long been recognized that cultural variables influence how children present themselves, understand the world, and _______________ experiences.7. Culture also affects the experiences through which children"s earliest__________ and number knowledge are acquired.8. Some of these experiences may be________________ focused on encouraging learning, such as reading books to children or instructing them to count.9. More common are activities that provide implicit,________________ support for various types of learning in the context of shared everyday activities.10．Efforts to create effective classroom environments for young children from diverse cultural and______________ backgrounds should be based on knowledge about.11. It is critical to identify those aspects of children"s cultural backgrounds that have the greatest relevance forchildren"s________________, motivation, and learning at school.12. The workshop participants suggested many possibilities as important___________.13. They fell into three________________.14．…(2) the nature and extent of parent-child____________ and other experiences.15．…(3) social ________________ that affect the ways in which knowledge and skills pertinent to early learning are communicated among and used by family members. This is the end of the Listening TestSection Ⅱ : Language Appropriacy and Accuracy [30 points] Instructions; There are altogether 15 statements below. You are offered four choices marked with A, B, C, and D for each statement. Choose the most appropriate one and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.16. When the home market is already glutted with wheat, blindly importing wheat means not only carrying coals to Newcastle, but also bankruptcy of local farmers.A. gilding the lilyB. building castles in SpainC． having a big mouthD. casting pearls before swine17. That was only a harmless lie. I didn"t wan, .0 hurt her. I know if she knew the truth, she would do something silly.A. a green lieB. a white lieC. a gray lieD. a blue Lie18. He was discovered in the act of cheating by looking up his textbooks in the exam.A. caught red-handedB. caught white-handedC. caught black-handedD. caught green-handed19. He is a straight shooter, and hence has offended a lot of people.A. doing things decisively and with flairB. always attacking his opponents" weak points aggressively and without mercyC. honest and frank on his talkD. boasting20. I always think I"m a lucky dog. But this deal has turned out to be a dead duck.A. terrible mistakeB. complete failureC. lion in the wayD. fly in the ointment21. Don"t behave rudely with me, young man. —I"m sorry. I didn"t mean to offend you.A. freak outB. hit it offC. go bananasD. come it22. No wonder he is so sad these days. His grandfather pushed up the daisies a week ago.A. passed awayB. relieved himselfC. was not all thereD. was in a family way23. Nobody can persuade him to do that. He is very stubborn.A. as stubborn as a muleB. as stubborn as a cowC. as stubborn as a gooseD. as stubborn as a duck24. He tried to answer the teacher"s questions, but he was out in the left field.A. was not able to do soB. gave a totally wrong answer which had no relevance to the teacher"s questionC. could not express himself completelyD. had a soar throat and could not speak25. It"s no use worrying about a remote happening.A. Don"t count your chickens before they are hatched.B. Don"t have too many irons in the fire.C. Don"t change horse in mid-stream.D. Don"t cross the bridge till you get to it.26.In different culture, the ways of thought may differ. Americans are_______, stressing the need for action. However French are ________. playing great weight on careful thought and logic.A. psychomotor-oriented, affective-orientedB. psychomotor-oriented, cognitive-orientedC. affective-oriented, cognitive-orientedD. affective-oriented, psychomotor-oriented27. Which one in the following is Not an idiomatic expression?A. as cunning as a foxB. as wise as a monkeyC. as blind as a batD. as majestic as a lion28. We know that the dog is regarded as man"s best friendin the West, but sometimes dogs also have negative associations, such as " _______ ".A. A top dogB. Get the dogC. He worked like a dogD. Lead a dog"s life29. The uncle encouraged the boy not to be _______ saying that he should fight back the bully.A. as slippery as an eelB. as timid as a hareC. as meek as a lambD. as majestic as a lion30. The new office block has become an expensive white elephant.A. a thing that is rather large and eye-catchingB. a thing that is useless and expensive to maintainC. a value gift that shouldn"t be given awayD. a thing whose symbolic meaning is profound and far-reachingSection Ⅲ: Reading Comprehension [20 points]Part 1: Questions 31—35 are based on this part. (10 points) Read Passage 1 and then answer Questions 31 —35 briefly. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1Every culture has its own body language, and children absorb its nuances along with spoken language. A Frenchman talks and moves in French. The way an Englishman crosses his legs is nothing like the way an American male does it. In talking, Americans are apt to end a statement with a droop of the head or hand, a lowering of the eyelids. They wind up a question witha lift of the hand, a lifting of the chin, or a widening of the eyes. With a future-tense verb they often gesture with a forward movement.There are regional body languages, too: an expert can sometimes pick out a native of Wisconsin just by the way he uses his eyebrows during conversation. Your sex, ethnic Aground, social class, and personal style all influence your body language. The person who is truly bilingual is also bilingual in body language.Usually the wordless communication acts to qualify the words. What the nonverbal elements express very often, and very efficiently, is the emotional side of the message. When a person feels liked or disliked, often it"s a case of "not what he said but the way he said it. " Psychologist Albert Mehrabian has devised this formula: total impact of a message = 7%verbal +38% vocal +55% facial. The importance of the voice can be seen when you consider that even the words "1 hate you" can be read to sound special.Experts in kinetics —the study of communication through body movement —are not prepared to spell out a precise vocabulary of gesture. When an American rubs his nose, it may mean he is disagreeing with someone or rejecting something. But there are other possible interpretations, too. For example, when a student in conversation with a professor holds the older man"s eyes a little longer than usual, it can be a sign of respect and affection; it can be a subtle challenge to the professor"s authority; or it can be something else entirely. The expert looks for patterns in the context, not for an isolated meaningful gesture.31. What is mainly discussed in the opening paragraph?32. How can an expert in kinetics tell whether a person is anative of Wisconsin or not?33. According to the writer, what factors affect one"s body language?34. What is the function of nonverbal communication?35. Can we get a precise meaning through one particular gesture?Part 2: Questions 36—40 are based on this part. (10 points) Read Passage 2 and then decide whether Statements 36-40 are True or False according to the information given in the passage. Write ""T" for true and "F" for false on the Answer Sheet.Passage 2In some respects we are like computers that are controlled by operating systems - our culture. Anthropologists Edward T. Hall and Mildred Reed Hall suggested that culture is "a sy5lern for creating, sending, storing, and processing information. - Sounds rather like the standard definition for a computer, doesn"t it? This useful metaphor helps us better understand how culture operates. Think of your body as the hardware of a computer. Computers may have more than one operating system, such as DOS, Mac, Unix, or Windows. They also have software that controls specific applications, such as word processing, spreadsheets, and presentations. When you are functioning under one operating system, say as a European North American, you behave like others in that group. But at times you may be controlled by another operating system, say, when you are in a situation where you are functioning as a female. Society programs men and women to act differently. Gender, race, age, religion, and many other factors affect our behavior. These factors are like operating systems that program us to behave in certain patterns.Just as Unix operating system has trouble communicating with a DOS machine, so do people from one culture have difficulty getting through to those from another culture. Because individuals have more than one operating system, they do not always behave as expected. And just as operating systems can control many software applications, people are further differentiated by the software application that may be operating at any given time. For example, work cultures differ remarkably from one organization to another. When people conditioned to work in casual surroundings are placed in work cultures that are more formal and regimented, they may experience culture shock.The important thing to remember is that culture is a powerful operating force that conditions the way we think and behave. And yet, we are not truly computers. As thinking individuals, we are extraordinarily flexible and are capable of phenomenal change.36. In some way people are like computers that are controlled by operating systems-culture.37. Society programs men and women of the same culture not to act differently.38. Just as computers with different operating systems have difficulty communicating, people from different cultures cannot communicate with each other.39. Gender, race, age, religion, and many other factors are like operating systems that program us to behave in certain patterns.40. In one society, people conditioned to work in casual conditions will not be shocked when placed in formal work cultures.Section Ⅳ: Communication Analysis [30 points]Instructions: The following are three different cases of cross-cultural communication. In each of the cases there is something to be improved upon. Write an analysis on what is to be desired for more successful communication or cultural understanding in each case by answering Questions 41—43 respectively. Your analysis of each case should be 100—150 words. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Note! Your writing ability will also be assessed in this section of the test.Case 1 (7 points)Linhua has accompanied an American delegation to visit China. They have experienced the hospitality of the Chinese people. After returning to America, Linhua once visited them. They were so glad to meet again. Linhua offered to host the meal, but they refused. They ordered their own dish, and Linhua ordered her own. When footing the bill, they only paid their part, and no one wanted to pay for Linhua. Linhua found them so inhospitable, though she knew the Americans would usually pay for their own food.Question 41. Why did Linhna find them inhospitable?Case 2 (10 points)Zhou came to the United States for overseas study half a year ago. When he worked part-time in a restaurant, he made friends with an American student Jim.One day, as they were leaving work, Jim asked Zhou, "Zhou, I need a favor. I have to go over 10 school, and I"m out of money. Could you lend me a dollar so I can take the bus over there and then get home? I"ll pay you back tomorrow. ""Sure, Jim. No problem. You don"t have to pay me back," said Zhou, as he handed Jim a dollar.As soon as he got to work the next day, Jim went over to Zhou and handed him a dollar, saying, "Thanks, Zhou. I really appreciated this last night. It sure was too cold to walk. ""Forget it," said Zhou, as he handed back his dollar."Oh, no. I insist. 1 don"t want to take advantage of a friend. What if 1 needed to borrow money again sometime? If I didn"t pay you back now, I would feel wrong asking to borrow money again," said Jim, as he put the dollar into Zhou"s shirt pocket.Zhou answered, " But that"s what friends for. In China, we have a saying "today for you, tomorrow for me. "If you pay me back, I will feel that I won"t be able to ask you for money when I need it. I will feel like you are closing the door on me, and that there is no trust between us. I thought we were friends. How can I take the money?" Zhou handed back the dollar."But I won"t feel right if you don"t take it!" said Jim.Question 42:Why did Jim insist on returning the dollar to Zhou? Why didn"t Zhou want to take it? What culture values are reflected in their attitudes?Case 3 (13 points)Study the following two short speeches. One is given by a Hong Kong Chinese and the other by an American businessman.A. Because most of our production is done in China now, and it"s not really certain how Hong Kong will he like after 1997, and since I think a certain amount of caution in committing to TV advertisement is necessary because of the expense, so, I suggest that we delay making our decision until after Legco makes its decision.B. I suggest that we delay makin8 our decision until after Legco nukes its decision. That"s because I think a certain amountof caution in committing to TV dvertisement is necessary because of the expense, In addition to that production is done in China now, and it"s not really certain how Hong will like after 1997.Question 43:Which speech might be given by the Chinese and which by the American? Give your reasons.英语专业跨文化交际试题答案及评分标准（供参考）Section Ⅰ: Listening [20 points]Part 1 (10 points, 2 points each.)1．C 2.A 3.D 4.B 5.APart 2. (10 points, 1 point each. The exact words are required. )6. interpret7. literacy8. explicitly9. unintentional10. linguistic11. adjustment12. factors13. categories14. interactions15. conventionsSection Ⅱ: Language Appropriacy and Accuracy [30 points] (30 points, 2 points each.)16. A 17. B 18. A 19. C 20. B21. D 22. A 23. A 24. B 25. D26. B 27. B 28. D 29. B 30. BSection Ⅲ: Reading Comprehension [20 points]Part 1: (10 points, 2 points each. 0. 5 point off for eachgrammar/spelling mistake, but at most 1 point can be deducted for each item for the grammar/spelling mistakes. The exact wording is not required, but the meaning must be the same. )31. Every culture has its own body language.32. By the way he uses his eyebrows during conversation.33. One"s sex, ethnic background, social class, and personal style all influence one"s body language.34. It acts to qualify the words.35. No.Part 2. (10 points, 2 points each.)36. T 37. F 38. F 39. T 40. FSection Ⅳ : Communication Analysis [30 points]Question 41.Case 1 (7 points: 5 points for the analysis, 2 points for overall language quality.)1)In China, to show hospitality, people tend to host the meal. And if they cannot do this, they at least will struggle to pay for the guest.2)In America, people tend to pay for themselves to show equality and independence. 3)Linhua knows this custom, but from a Chinese point of view, she still finds this hard to accept, and feels it a little inhospitable.Question 42.Case 2 (10 points: 8 points for the analysis, 2 points for overall language quality. )1)Jim was keeping his promise when he returned the dollar. Americans regard credibility as very important. The value of self-reliance is also important to Americans. They do not feel it right to rely on others for too much. In American culture, owing too many favors means being dependent. Americans see this as aweakness. They cannot respect themselves if they feel too much "in debt" to other people, financially or otherwise. Instead, they prefer to be "free" from obligations to others.2)0ne reason Zhou did not want to accept Jim"s dollar was that in Chinese culture it is very important to be generous to friends. Generosity and respect for friends" generosity are two values that explain many Chinese customs and attitudes. Chinese do not try to return small amount of money for they don"t want to suggest to their friends that they are stingy and "haggle over every ounce". This is why Jim"s refusal to accept Zhou"s generosity made Zhou question their friendship.Question 43.Case 3 (13 points: 11 points for the analysis, 2 points for overall language quality.)1)The message of the two versions is the same but the way it is expressed is different.2)The first speech might be made by the Chinese. Even though the words and sentences of the speaker are quite clear, it does not seem quite clear what the speaker"s main point is.3)The second is what the Western people might expect.4)The reason lies in the different discourse patterns between Chinese and English. The deductive (topic-first) pattern is prevalent in the West. The Chinese and other Asians favor the inductive (topic-delayed) pattern. The Western people are in the habit of directly expressing their ideas, while the Chinese employ an indirect way when presenting their ideas.。

跨文化交际期末试题

考试需知：考试前每一列学生把课本放在第一排。

考试时间为2．5个小时，试卷1为闭卷考试，前面40分钟用于完成试卷1。

待老师收上试卷1后，发下课本，学生做试卷2，试卷2 为开卷考试。

可携带纸质词典进考场，不许携带电子词典及手机进考场。

Test Paper 1Ⅰ. Filling the blanks:1.Generally speaking, in terms of contextuality, thecommunication in the West is low-contextual while that inthe East is high-contextual2.Generally speaking, in terms of world views, the West adoptsDualistic view, while the East adopt s holistic view3.Generally speaking, in terms of thought patterns, the Westfollows Analytic and abstract thinking, while the East followssynthetic and concrete thinking4.Generally speaking, in terms of discourse patterns, the Westuses Deductive pattern, while the East uses inductive pattern 5In the Axial Age, the great thinkers in China are Confucius, Lao Tze, Mo Tze, and the great thinker in India is Siddhartha Gautama, the great figure in Palestine are Hebrew prophets, and the great thinkers in the West are Plato, Homer and ArchimedesⅡ. Choose the best answer:1.Non-verbal messages are classified into two co mprehensivecategories: those that are primarily produced by the body, suchas_________,________,_______; and those that the individualcombines with the setting, such as _______, _______,_______.DA.physical contact, eye contact, paralanguage; space, time, manB.facial expression, touch, taste; space, time, silenceC.appearance, movement, gesture; surrounding, occasion, manD.movement, smell, paralanguage; space, time, silence2.In Chinese writing, there are usually more adjectives, proverbsand allusions than in English writing. Some Western scholarsname this style “flowery”, stating that its aim is to give a morefanciful impression than information, and the information isusually of beauty, fragrance, happiness, and any other“goodness”aspects so as to attract people. We may term thisstyle as_______-oriented. Western writing is more direct withobjective information. To them, much-repeated words may meanless after a while. We may term the Western writing as________-oriented.CA. adjective, objectiveB. Chinese, WesternC. impression, information C. indirect, direct3. As to the human nature orientation, the traditional Western beliefholds that _______, while the Asian people believethat_______.BA. basically good; basically badB. evil but perfectible, basically goodC. the mixture of good and evil; the mixture of good and evil;D. unknown4. As to the Man-Nature orientation, the traditional Western beliefholds that _______, while the Asian people believethat_______.DA. subjugation to nature; harmony with natureB. harmony with nature; mastery over natureC. harmony with nature; subjugation to natureD. mastery over nature; harmony with nature5. As to time orientation, generally speaking, the USA is______, thePhilippines, Mexico, and Latin America are _____, and Asia,Britain, Greece, France are ______.CA. on-time oriented; in-time oriented; late-time orientedB. youth-oriented; adult-oriented; elderly-orientedC. future-oriented; present-oriented; past-orientedD. present-oriented; future-oriented; past-oriented6. In terms of activity orientation, the USA is______, thePhilippines, Mexico, and Latin America are _____, and Asia is ______.DA. doing-oriented; playing-oriented, being-orientedB. playing-oriented; being-oriented; doing-orientedC. being-oriented; doing-oriented; being-in-becoming orientedD. doing-oriented; being-oriented; being-in-becoming oriented7. The dividing worldview is also referred to as mechanistic view. Itgoes by the following different names: DA. reason versus result; religion versus art; objectivity versusimaginationB. instinct versus intuition; science versus technology;imagination versus subjectivityC. tuition versus intuition; region versus religion; subjugationversus subjectivityD. reason versus intuition; science versus religion; objectivityversus subjectivity8. The Greek thinks in order to _______. It is speculation. The Hinduthinks in order to _______. It is meditation. The Chinese thinks in order to _______. It is contemplation. CA. do; die; liveB. spectacle; meddle; contemptC. understand; think; self-cultivateD. think; self-cultivate; understand9. “Your body doesn’t know how to lie” indicates_____BA. something is wrong with your body and you can only stand.B. body language is important.C. body contact is dangerous.D. we can’t separate mind from body.10. Generally speaking, in the US, people make friends by sharing______, while in China, people make friends by sharing _______.BA. personal relationship; activitiesB. activities; personal relationshipC. love; bloodD. blood; love11. In terms of physical contact, the high contact countries are__________________________________, while the lowcontact countries are ________________________________.CA. the US, Britain, most Northern European countries; Arabworld, Mediterranean countries, IndonesiaB. the US, Britain, Japan; East European countries, Russia,Middle EastC. Arab world, Mediterranean countries, Indonesia; the US,Britain, most Northern European countriesD. Arab world, Mediterranean countries, China; the US, Britain,most Northern European countries12. Generally speaking, in terms of contextuality of communication,the high-contextual people are __________________________________, while the low-contextual countries are ________________________________AA. Latin Americans, Chinese, Japanese; the Americans, German,SwissB. the Americans, German, Swiss; Latin Americans, Chinese,JapaneseC. Native Americans, Chinese, Koreans; the Americans, Japanese,BritishD. the Americans, Japanese, British; Native Americans, Chinese,Koreans13. Each person has a “bubble”of space (territory). Studies showthat people from ________, ________, ________have a smaller personal territory than do people from ________, ________, -_________.AA. South America, Arab countries, and many Asian countries;North America, Britain, GermanyB. North America, Britain, Germany; South America, Arabcountries, and many Asian countriesC. South America, Britain, Germany; North America, Arabcountries, and many Asian countries.D. North America, Arab countries, and many Asian countries;South America, Britain, Germany14. In ___________ culture, the nuclear family is much moreimportant to the individual than the extended family, while in ____________, ________, _______, ________ culture, the extended family is very important. CA. Hispanic; American, Asian, Arabian, AfricanB. Arabian; American, Asian, African, HispanicC. American; Asian, African, Arabian, HispanicD. African; American, Asian, Arabian, Hispanic15. In nuclear-family culture, people rely mainly on ______, ______,________for help, while in extended-family culture, people relymainly on ________for help. CA. families, friends, professionals; familiesB. families, friends, professionals; institutionsC. friends, professionals, institutions; familiesD. friends, families, institutions; professionals16. In nuclear-family culture, ______ usually comes first, while inextended-family culture, _______ usually comes first. BA. family; individualB. individual; familyC. husband; wifeD. wife; husband17.When it comes to friendship, an American friend would feel thatthey had _______ if the friend gave up a real need to study to go shopping. One’s duties and obligations toward friends, even best friends are understood to ______; one does not expect friends to assume burdensome, ______ responsibilities toward oneself. A close friend in the US is a person that one feels free to ask for help, recognizing, however, that the friend may _____, if they give you a reason. This is maybe that in the West, people prefer to be ______, so they do not feel comfortable in a relationship in which one person is ______ more and the other is dependent on what is being given. For Westerners friendship is mostly a matter of providing ______ support and ______. BA. depended too much; limitless; small; say “OK”; dependent;receiving; material; get separateB. imposed too much; have limits; long-term; say “No”;independent; giving; emotional; spend time together.C. imposed too little; have limits; short-term; say “Yes”; free;earning; financial; get involvedD. depended a little; limitless; big; say “Sorry”; independent;giving; spiritual; get together.18. In China, the duties and obligations of friendships seem virtually________ for all practical purposes. Chinese friends give each other much ________ ________help and assistance than Western friends do. For example, they give each other _______ and might help each other _______for a _______period of time. A friend in China is someone who, sensing that you are in need in some way, offers to assist you _________.CA. impossible; more spiritual; things; practically; short; whenbeing askedB. enormous; less spiritual; money; financially; long; unwillinglyC. unlimited; more concrete; money; financially; long; withoutwaiting to be askedD. limited; more concrete; things; materially; certain; if required19. In times of trouble, both American and Chinese fr iends give eachother emotional support, but they do it differently. A Chinesefriend is more likely to be ________ to give _______ advice to afriend, while an American friend will be ________ to give________ advice, instead she may raise questions to en courageher friend to consider carefully what may happen if she does onething instead of another. CA. cautious; detailed; ready; specificB. ready; ambiguous; cautious; guidelineC. ready; specific; cautious; directD. unwilling; direct; ready; specific20. When it comes to the relationship b etween parents and marriedsons, in China, a man’s relationship with his parents is _______than that with his wife. Thus in the event of any quarrel betweenhis wife and his mother, a man should ____________. At most hemight hope to __________, and this was regarded as ________.In America, a man’s relationship with his parents is _______than that with his wife. He would be expected to______________. He might even be counseled to_______________ the vicinity of his parents’home to ease theconflict. DA. more important; side with his mother; side with his father;honorable; more important; side with no one; move intoB. less important; side with no one; say something; honorable; lessimportant; side with his father; get away fromC. less important; side with his wife; remain silent; dishonorable;more important; side with his wife; move intoD. more important; side with his mother; remain neutral;dishonorable; less important; side with his wife; move awayⅢ. True or false:1.Generally speaking, China is an equal society, America is ahierarchy society. ( F )2.Generally speaking, in Chinese society, the power distance issmall, while in America, the power distance is large. ( F )3.Both the Asian and Western countries have the concept of “face”,and “face” has the same social significance for these countries inthat one’s face is also the face of one’s group.( F )4.The dividing worldview relies strongly on “facts” as opposed to“opinions”. ( T )5. A very rough generalization is that thinking for the Greek is tolook upward, for the Hindu is to look inward, for the Confuciansis to look outward. (F )6.Values are explicitly stored in our mind. We are always aware ofthem, and we make judgments according to them. (F )7.Values are separate from each other. Each one work alone. ( F )8.Values can be compared on a continuum rather than one of onlytwo possible choices. People everywhere possess the samevalues to different degrees, and the importance of that commonvalue, how it gets acted out, is a matter of degree. ( T)9.“Lover” and “爱人”have the same meaning. ( F )10.I n both China and Western countries, it is very common andusual for adults to fondle other people’s babies and very smallchildren to show their affection and friendliness. ( F )Ⅳ.Translation:1.Translate the following English into Chinese:1)Nature and Man are blended into one harmonious identity.天人合一2)Nature affects human affairs and human behavior finds responsein Nature. 天人感应3)Nature accords with human wishes. 天从人愿4)Your character will be tinted “red”(good) if you are in thecompany of “redness”, but “black”(bad) if you are in closecontact with ink. 近朱者赤，近墨者黑5)God helps those who help themselves. 天助自助者6)Look before you leap. 三思而后行7) A single arrow is easily broken, but not a bunch.轻霜冻死单根草，狂风难毁万木林He who stirs another’s porridge often burns his own. 狗拿耗子，多管闲事8)2.Translate the following Chinese into English:1)容忍tolerance of others2)中庸之道moderation, following the middle way3)修养self-cultivation4)不重竞争non-competitiveness5)信用trust-worthiness6)贞节chastity in women7)寡欲having few desires服从、孝敬、尊崇、赡养父母filial piety8)Ⅴ. Tell the meaning of the following gestures in differentcountries:Gesture 1 Gesture 2 Gesture 31.In the US, England, Sweden it is used together with the verbal message“Let’s keep our fingers crossed”to mean that _ the person is hoping forgood luck______________. In Greece and Turkey it means the breaking ofa friendship ________________. In parts of Italy it means _ OK _____.2.In the US it means Great, perfect, acceptable, OK_______________. InBelgium and France, it means _ zero_____. In Brazil, Turkey, Greece andMalta it has _ an obscene _____ meaning. In Japan it means ___ money_______. In Tunisia, it is used ___ as threat _______.3.It means ____ Slow down”, “relax” or “wait a second ________________.Test Paper 2下列各题请参阅了所指定的课本内容后，用中文回答，可翻译课本的内容作为答案。

《跨文化交际》考试试题(附答案)

《跨文化交际》试题（附答案）Paper 1 Communication AnalysisThe following are three different cases of cross-cultural communication. In each of the cases there is something to be improved upon. Write an analysis on what is to be desired for more successful communication or cultural understanding.Question 1Case 1:Chen Bing, a Chinese tour guide, is talking to a Canadian tourist, Luke Baines, who has no knowledge of Chinese at all. They are having dinner in a restaurant.Chen: This is Beijing duck, one of China's most famous dishes. You'll love it!Luke: No, thanks. I don't like duck. I prefer chicken.Question 2Case 2:Feng Li and Tom have been working on a scientific experiment at a British university for some months. It has not been totally successful. They are discussing the situation in the laboratory.Feng Li: I don't know where it went wrong!Tom, Don't feel so bad. Cheer up, you've done your job.Feng Li: But our experiment has turned out to be a failure.Tom: Relax for a couple of days. I'll face the music.Feng Li: Tom, we are not playing children's games here. This is a scientific experiment.Tom, I've never taken the experiment as child’ s play, and I'm playing the game.Feng Li: You say you're playing the game! It's a rather important experiment!Feng Li walks out of the Laboratory angrily. Tom is puzzled.Question 3Case 3:This is a more complex situation where there are several things that require more informed cultural analysis. Find the cultural problems and explain the cultural differences. Jim and Li Zhen were students together at Leeds University in Britain. A year later, after graduating, Jim went to Shanghai as a visiting scholar on a year’s exchange.Jim had never been to China before. Li Zhen took him to a classical piano concert performed by a famous Chinese pianist. During the performance people were talking and at one stage someone ran up onto the stage and presented the pianist with a bunch of flowers during the playing of a particular musical item. This happened several times during the evening. It also happened when two singers were on stage singing some songs that he was playing. Jim thought all these things quite strange. At the end of the performance the audience applauded the pianist and he applauded them. The audience began to leave while the pianist remained on the stage.Paper 2 VocabularyChoose one word or expression from those in the box below to fill the gap in each of the sentences. Write the correct words in the spaces provided in your answer sheet. Do not change the forms of the4. After twenty five years working in the bank she decided on a different .5. Finally, after arguing about the meal for five minutes it was decided he would .6. Despite the circumstances of the accident there were still some that needed explanation.7. There are many different used when talking about people's relationships in China.8. "Mike! Meet Jane, the ."9. "Ok, the argument is over. Let's forget it, you know."10. People in English speaking countries also avoid losing face or hurting other people by telling .11. It is difficult for foreigners to understand British pub culture, especially the system of which all members of the group are expected to join in.12. It was a crushing blow to her, a hit when she received thenews that her husband had left her for another woman.13. In China there is a real sense of in social situations. Paper 3 TranslationTranslate the following passage from English into Chinese. Please write your translation on the answer sheet.What do we mean by "Intercultural Communications" or "IC"? This is not a description of the popular trend toward talking about international things or going overseas. IC is actually an academic and applied discipline that has developed internationally since the 1950s. Sometimes called "cross-cultural communications" or "comparative culture" , scholars most often use the prefix "inter" with the word "cultural" to describe the interaction between cultures. On one level, IC is represented by culture studies, where we examine the political, economic and lifestyle systems of other countries. On another level, it is applied linguistics, where we seek to understand the relationship between language and culture. Many Chinese English teachers and professors have been interested in this aspect since the 1980s - How to teach English in ways that help students also learn the basic communication practices of Britain, the US or other English speaking countries.But the discipline of Intercultural Communications is actually a broad and well-developed field of study. IC is an interdisciplinary application of fields like cultural anthropology, sociology, psychology (and social psychology), communication studies, applied linguistics and educational pedagogy. IC is a comprehensive attempt to understand all aspects of human cultures and how they interact with each other.To understand Intercultural Communications, we seek to understand tradition and modernization, consistency and change. As we understand some of the ongoing national characteristics of a people, we can examine how this culture is seen from the outside, how it interacts with other cultures and how it is changing. In the last thirty odd years, scholars have developed both theoretical framework for comparing cultures and some practical dimensions for considering the similarity and differences between them. One level of intercultural comparison is Cultural Identity. Another level of comparison is Verbal Communication. Another area receiving much attention is Nonverbal Communication. Paper 4 ReadingPassage 1 Questions 15-20In recent years criticisms have been voiced concerning sexist bias in the English language. It has been argued that some of the vocabulary and grammar we use reflects and reinforces a traditional view of the world asone in which men are dominant and women play a secondary role. Take the word 'chairman' for example. While this can in fact apply to people of both sexes, it appears to some people to be male-oriented as it ends in 'man'. In the past people taking the role of chairman were exclusively male and the word was obviously originally a compound of 'chair' and 'man'. Many English speakers, however, have ceased to view this word as a compound and no more feel it to be composed of these two units, than they perceive cupboard to be a composite of ' cup' and ' board'. In addition the continued use of chairman might be defended on the grounds that the final syllable is pronounced /m'n/ rather than /mn/, just like the final syllable of woman. Despite such considerations other speakers take a contrary view and are sensitive to the components of which it is made up. They clearly perceive it as a title that perpetuates traditional ideas about the place of women in society. For this reason they seek to replace it with neutral terms such as 'chairperson' or 'chair', so that it is now possible to ask questions such as; 'Who is chair of the committee?' Other changes advocated include the replacement of words such as 'postman', 'fireman' and 'policeman' with more clearly neutral terms such as 'postal worker', fire-fighter' and 'police officer’. There is, however, continuing controversy about how far such language changes should go. Should changes be considered for traditional idioms as 'man in the street' and titles such as 'Peking Man'? What about those words where the male meaning of 'man' is no longer dominant, such as 'manhandle'?To the extent that changes have taken place, they have done so more in the written language and formal pronouncements than in everyday speech. You would be quite likely to read in the paper that 'Postal workers are to receive a pay increase.' But 'Has the postman been?' would be most likely to be heard in informal conversation. Here 'postman’ remains firmly entrenched in popular usage.The extent to which language reflects and shapes attitudes and behaviors is a matter of conjecture. Chinese, Japanese, Persian and Turkish do not make the kinds of sex distinctions English makes through its system of pronouns, but it would be difficult to maintain that males who speak these languages are less sexist than males who speak English! Answer the following questions according to the above text:15. The general use of the word 'man' added to English words indicates .A. sexual feelingsB. sexual freedomC. sexist ideasD. sexist bias .16. Generally where language and sex are concerned in Britain .A. all people agree change is neededB. some people agree change is neededC. people can't make up their minds on the issueD. people think the issue is unimportant and not serious17. What example does the author give to support a defense of the word 'chairman'?18. What does the author argue for when the example 'manhandle' is given?19. What does the author have to say about the impact of language changes?20. What is the author's argument in the final paragraph?Passage 2 Questions 21-27Can Computers Do a Better Job Rating Stocks?Since May, Charles Schwab has been providing stock ratings to clients using a computerized system that it says tries to remove human bias.In particular, Schwab says, its system is meant to avoid the conflicts of interest that have plagued traditional brokerage firms, whose research analysts have often acted as cheerleaders for companies being courted by their investment bankers."We believe that our single biggest advantage is our objectivity," said Jerry Chafkin, Schwab's executive vice president for investment advice and products. " While the development of the methodology is human, the analysis is being performed systematically and automatically.Though Schwab is perhaps the most prominent financial services company to use a computer-driven rating system, several others, including Value Line and Zacks Investment Research, pick stocks in a similar way.The various systems produce very different ratings of individual stocks, and their ability to outperform a market index fund over time has not been proved conclusively. The verdict is still out as to whether computers do it better than people. What is clear, though, is that the major computerized systems hand out fewer positive stock ratings than do Wall Street analysts, who seem to give them out very generously.People who run computerized selection systems criticize traditional Wall Street analysis as having institutional conflicts of interest, as well as individual bias. "I am very suspicious about opinions and judgments and emotions by humans in individual stock selection," said Samuel Eisenstadt, Value Line's research director.However, the computer-driven stock-picking systems must rely on the selection criteria of their creators. All try to isolate factors that their developers believe have the greatest ability to predict share prices. Most models compare a company9s historical earnings growth with that of other companies. And many track the extent to which earnings havesurprised analysts.Many firms use their computer-based stock-rating systems as marketing tools.The designers of these systems say they should be judged on how a group of stocks performs over time. But all the systems assume, as do stock analysts on Wall Street, that superior research, by humans, and analysis can select a group of stocks that will outperform the market averages over the long run.Market analysts say it is too soon to assess the fledgling Schwab system or new models, like Microsoft's year-old Stock-ScouterMark the following statements True (T) / False (F) / Not Given (NG) according to the information provided in the text.Write T, or F or NG on your answer sheet in the spaces provided for questions.21. Charles Schwab is a computer company.22. The method of operation by Schwab is done automatically.23. 'Value Line' and 'Zacks' have similar operating methods to Schwab.24. There is no conclusive proof that computers perform better than humans.25. Wall Street analysts are generous in rating stocks.26. Human beings make value judgments according to the research director of 'Value Line'.27. Analysts are surprised at the growth rate of share prices.答案及评分标准Paper 1: Communication Analysis●The following points should be covered in the analysis.●Award one point for each of the points covered (underlined). Paper 2: Vocabulary●One point for each item.●Answers must be the same as the key.4. vocation5. foot the bill6. grey areas7. kin terms8. trouble and strife 9. live and let live10. white lies 11. buying a round12. below the belt 13. communityPaper 3: Translation14.“跨文化交际”或“IC”是指什么呢?这并不是对于谈论国际事务或出国大潮的描述。

2005-2006学年秋季学期跨文化交际导论期末试题(A卷)

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or native language.
elevator may stand right next to another person and be touching even though no one else is in the elevator.
8. In an ______ culture, the interest of the individual prevails over the interests of the group. 订
3. Human perception is usually thought of as a three-step process of ________, organization, and

restaurant while she was inside. Other diners at the restaurant became concerned and called New
l. Ramadan m. Intercultural communication n. Individualist
o. Pidgin
p. Chicano
q. Ethnocentrism
r. Adaptation potential s. Back translation
t. Nonverbal communication
院系年级专业姓名学号考试课程
黑龙江大学 2005-2006 学年秋季学期跨文化交际导论期末试题
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2005-2006 学年秋季学期跨文化交际导论期末试题（A 卷）
10. A _____ resembles a culture in that it usually encompasses a relatively large number of people

《跨文化交际》试题(附答案)

《跨文化交际》试题（附答案）Paper 1 Communication AnalysisThe following are three different cases of cross-cultural communication. In each of the cases there is something to be improved upon. Write an analysis on what is to be desired for more successful communication or cultural understanding.Question 1Case 1:Chen Bing, a Chinese tour guide, is talking to a Canadian tourist, Luke Baines, who has no knowledge of Chinese at all. They are having dinner in a restaurant.Chen: This is Beijing duck, one of China's most famous dishes. You'll love it!Luke: No, thanks. I don't like duck. I prefer chicken.Question 2Case 2:Feng Li and Tom have been working on a scientific experiment at a British university for some months. It has not been totally successful. They are discussing the situation in the laboratory.Feng Li: I don't know where it went wrong!Tom, Don't feel so bad. Cheer up, you've done your job.Feng Li: But our experiment has turned out to be a failure.Tom: Relax for a couple of days. I'll face the music.Feng Li: Tom, we are not playing children's games here. This is a scientific experiment.Tom, I've never taken the experiment as child’ s play, and I'm playing the game.Feng Li: You say you're playing the game! It's a rather important experiment!Feng Li walks out of the Laboratory angrily. Tom is puzzled.Question 3Case 3:This is a more complex situation where there are several things that require more informed cultural analysis. Find the cultural problems and explain the cultural differences. Jim and Li Zhen were students together at Leeds University in Britain. A year later, after graduating, Jim went to Shanghai as a visiting scholar on a year’s exchange.Jim had never been to China before. Li Zhen took him to a classical pianoconcert performed by a famous Chinese pianist. During the performance people were talking and at one stage someone ran up onto the stage and presented the pianist with a bunch of flowers during the playing of a particular musical item. This happened several times during the evening. It also happened when two singers were on stage singing some songs that he was playing. Jim thought all these things quite strange. At the end of the performance the audience applauded the pianist and he applauded them. The audience began to leave while the pianist remained on the stage.Paper 2 VocabularyChoose one word or expression from those in the box below to fill the gap in each of the sentences. Write the correct words in the spaces provided in your answer sheet. Do not change the forms of the4. After twenty five years working in the bank she decided on a different .5. Finally, after arguing about the meal for five minutes it was decided he would .6. Despite the circumstances of the accident there were still some that needed explanation.7. There are many different used when talking about people's relationships in China.8. "Mike! Meet Jane, the ."9. "Ok, the argument is over. Let's forget it, you know."10. People in English speaking countries also avoid losing face or hurting other people by telling .11. It is difficult for foreigners to understand British pub culture, especially the system of which all members of the group are expected to join in.12. It was a crushing blow to her, a hit when she received the news that her husband had left her for another woman.13. In China there is a real sense of in social situations. Paper 3 TranslationTranslate the following passage from English into Chinese. Please write your translation on the answer sheet.What do we mean by "Intercultural Communications" or "IC"? This is not a description of the popular trend toward talking about international things or going overseas. IC is actually an academic and applied discipline that has developed internationally since the 1950s. Sometimes called "cross-cultural communications" or "comparative culture" , scholars most often use the prefix "inter" with the word "cultural" to describe the interaction between cultures. On one level, IC is represented by culture studies, where we examine the political, economic and lifestyle systems of other countries. On another level, it is applied linguistics, where we seek to understand the relationship between language and culture. Many Chinese English teachers and professors have been interested in this aspect since the 1980s - How to teach English in ways that help students also learn the basic communication practices of Britain, the US or other English speaking countries.But the discipline of Intercultural Communications is actually a broad and well-developed field of study. IC is an interdisciplinary application of fields like cultural anthropology, sociology, psychology (and social psychology), communication studies, applied linguistics and educational pedagogy. IC is a comprehensive attempt to understand all aspects of human cultures and how they interact with each other.To understand Intercultural Communications, we seek to understand tradition and modernization, consistency and change. As we understand some of the ongoing national characteristics of a people, we can examine how this culture is seen from the outside, how it interacts with other cultures and how it is changing. In the last thirty odd years, scholars have developed both theoretical framework for comparing cultures and some practical dimensions for considering the similarity and differences between them. One level of intercultural comparison is Cultural Identity. Another level of comparison is Verbal Communication. Another area receiving much attention is Nonverbal Communication. Paper 4 ReadingPassage 1 Questions 15-20In recent years criticisms have been voiced concerning sexist bias in the English language. It has been argued that some of the vocabulary and grammar we use reflects and reinforces a traditional view of the world as one in which men are dominant and women play a secondary role. Takethe word 'chairman' for example. While this can in fact apply to people of both sexes, it appears to some people to be male-oriented as it ends in 'man'. In the past people taking the role of chairman were exclusively male and the word was obviously originally a compound of 'chair' and 'man'. Many English speakers, however, have ceased to view this word as a compound and no more feel it to be composed of these two units, than they perceive cupboard to be a composite of ' cup' and ' board'. In addition the continued use of chairman might be defended on the grounds that the final syllable is pronounced /m'n/ rather than /mn/, just like the final syllable of woman. Despite such considerations other speakers take a contrary view and are sensitive to the components of which it is made up. They clearly perceive it as a title that perpetuates traditional ideas about the place of women in society. For this reason they seek to replace it with neutral terms such as 'chairperson' or 'chair', so that it is now possible to ask questions such as; 'Who is chair of the committee?' Other changes advocated include the replacement of words such as 'postman', 'fireman' and 'policeman' with more clearly neutral terms such as 'postal worker', fire-fighter' and 'police officer’. There is, however, continuing controversy about how far such language changes should go. Should changes be considered for traditional idioms as 'man in the street' and titles such as 'Peking Man'? What about those words where the male meaning of 'man' is no longer dominant, such as 'manhandle'?To the extent that changes have taken place, they have done so more in the written language and formal pronouncements than in everyday speech. You would be quite likely to read in the paper that 'Postal workers are to receive a pay increase.' But 'Has the postman been?' would be most likely to be heard in informal conversation. Here 'postma n’ remains firmly entrenched in popular usage.The extent to which language reflects and shapes attitudes and behaviors is a matter of conjecture. Chinese, Japanese, Persian and Turkish do not make the kinds of sex distinctions English makes through its system of pronouns, but it would be difficult to maintain that males who speak these languages are less sexist than males who speak English! Answer the following questions according to the above text:15. The general use of the word 'man' added to English words indicates .A. sexual feelingsB. sexual freedomC. sexist ideasD. sexist bias .16. Generally where language and sex are concerned in Britain .A. all people agree change is neededB. some people agree change is neededC. people can't make up their minds on the issueD. people think the issue is unimportant and not serious17. What example does the author give to support a defense of the word 'chairman'?18. What does the author argue for when the example 'manhandle' is given?19. What does the author have to say about the impact of language changes?20. What is the author's argument in the final paragraph?Passage 2 Questions 21-27Can Computers Do a Better Job Rating Stocks?Since May, Charles Schwab has been providing stock ratings to clients using a computerized system that it says tries to remove human bias.In particular, Schwab says, its system is meant to avoid the conflicts of interest that have plagued traditional brokerage firms, whose research analysts have often acted as cheerleaders for companies being courted by their investment bankers."We believe that our single biggest advantage is our objectivity," said Jerry Chafkin, Schwab's executive vice president for investment advice and products. " While the development of the methodology is human, the analysis is being performed systematically and automatically.Though Schwab is perhaps the most prominent financial services company to use a computer-driven rating system, several others, including Value Line and Zacks Investment Research, pick stocks in a similar way.The various systems produce very different ratings of individual stocks, and their ability to outperform a market index fund over time has not been proved conclusively. The verdict is still out as to whether computers do it better than people. What is clear, though, is that the major computerized systems hand out fewer positive stock ratings than do Wall Street analysts, who seem to give them out very generously.People who run computerized selection systems criticize traditional Wall Street analysis as having institutional conflicts of interest, as well as individual bias. "I am very suspicious about opinions and judgments and emotions by humans in individual stock selection," said Samuel Eisenstadt, Value Line's research director.However, the computer-driven stock-picking systems must rely on the selection criteria of their creators. All try to isolate factors that their developers believe have the greatest ability to predict share prices. Most models compare a company9s historical earnings growth with that of other companies. And many track the extent to which earnings have surprised analysts.Many firms use their computer-based stock-rating systems as marketing tools.The designers of these systems say they should be judged on how a group of stocks performs over time. But all the systems assume, as do stock analysts on Wall Street, that superior research, by humans, and analysis can select a group of stocks that will outperform the market averages over the long run.Market analysts say it is too soon to assess the fledgling Schwab system or new models, like Microsoft's year-old Stock-ScouterMark the following statements True (T) / False (F) / Not Given (NG) according to the information provided in the text.Write T, or F or NG on your answer sheet in the spaces provided for questions.21. Charles Schwab is a computer company.22. The method of operation by Schwab is done automatically.23. 'Value Line' and 'Zacks' have similar operating methods to Schwab.24. There is no conclusive proof that computers perform better than humans.25. Wall Street analysts are generous in rating stocks.26. Human beings make value judgments according to the research director of 'Value Line'.27. Analysts are surprised at the growth rate of share prices.答案及评分标准Paper 1: Communication Analysis●The following points should be covered in the analysis.●Award one point for each of the points covered (underlined). Paper 2: Vocabulary●One point for each item.●Answers must be the same as the key.4. vocation5. foot the bill6. grey areas7. kin terms8. trouble and strife 9. live and let live10. white lies 11. buying a round12. below the belt 13. communityPaper 3: Translation14.“跨文化交际”或“IC”是指什么呢?这并不是对于谈论国际事务或出国大潮的描述。

跨文化交际复习题和答案解析

跨文化交际复习题和答案解析(总8页)--本页仅作为文档封面，使用时请直接删除即可----内页可以根据需求调整合适字体及大小--判断题T 1 As a phenomenon, intercultural communication has existed for thousands of years. However, as a discipline, its history is only about fifty years. 作为一种现象，跨文化传播已经存在了数千年。

然而，作为一门学科，它的历史只有大约五十年。

F 2 Intercultural Communication as a discipline first started in Europe. 跨文化交际是欧洲第一门学科F 3 Culture is a static entity 静态的实体 while communication is a dynamic process. 文化是一个静态的实体而沟通是一个动态的过程T 4 Culture can be seen as shared knowledge ,what people need to know in order to act appropriately in a given 约定的特定的 culture. 文化可以被看作是一种共享的知识，人们需要知道的是在一个特定的文化中扮演适当的行为T 5 Although cultural stereotype has its limitations (over-generalization),it still contributes toa person’s cultural cognition.认识、认知文化刻板印象虽有其局限性，但仍有助于人的文化认知。

T 6 In intercultural communication, we should separate one’s individual character from cultural generalization. 在跨文化交际中，我们要把自己的个性和文化的泛化分开。

《跨文化交际》考试试卷及答案

《跨文化交际》考试试卷Section I Listening Test[20points]Part1.Questions1-5are based on this part.(10points)You are going to listen to a panel discussion between two people on animal behavior.Choose the best answer from A,B,C and D for each question.Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1.Madam Chair states that chimpanzee's altruism__________.A.is similar to that of beesB.may contain an element of self-interestC.is part of a group feeding systemD.is not a mutual-aid system2.Worker bees work hard looking for food for2or3weeks,__________.A.and then die,leaving no offspringB.and then feed their offspringC.but die before feeding their offspringD.and then produce their offspring3.Chimpanzees who don't do their share of grooming are__________by the group.A.criticizedB.acceptedC.exchangedD.rejected4.Male lions will cooperate in groups comprising__________.A.brothersB.brothers and sistersC.brothers and sisters and daughtersD.brothers and sisters and daughters and aunts5.Which of the following animals are being discussed in the conversation?A.bees,dogs,and lionsB.bees,chimpanzees,and fishC.bees,chimpanzees,and lions.D.chimpanzees,lions,and dogsPart2.Questions6-15are based on this part.(10points)You are going to listen to part of a lecture.As you listen,fill in the blanks with words from the lecture to complete the sentences that summarize the main points of the lecture.Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Note:Each blank requires only ONE word.People communicate with one another all the time.Culture is regarded at the__6___of communication challenges and it influences how people__7___problems and participate in groups and in___8___.One definition of culture given in the lecture is that"Culture refers to a group with which we share common experiences that__9___how we understand the world."In the complex world,culture is one of the factors that act upon people.Anthropologists Keven Avruch and Peter Black explained that"culture provides the lens through which we view the world;the__10___by which we order it;the_11___by which the world makes sense."Since people coming from different cultural groups need to work together,cultural values sometimes__12___and misunderstanding arises.The speaker mentioned six patterns of cultural differences which include:different communication styles,attitudes toward conflict,approaches to___13____tasks,decision making styles,attitudes toward__14___,and approaches to knowing.When talking about communication style,the speaker introduced two aspects:verbal and non-verbal communication.Non-verbal communication includes facial expressions,__15___, seating arrangements,personal distance,and sense of time.This is the end of the Listening Test.Section II Communicative Competence[30points]Questions16-30:Choose the best answer from A,B,C and D.Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.16.Which of the following statements is TRUE of collectivism?__________A.Collectivist cultures are described as"I"cultures.B.Members of collectivist cultures value open discussion of disagreement.C.Uniformity and conformity are stressed in collectivist cultures.D.Collectivists tend to draw attention to themselves and express unique opinions.17.Just now I suddenly realized that I was totally to blame.I'll just have to face the music.The underlined part here means__________.A.to go to a concert and forget anything else by enjoying the musicB.to relax oneself by listening to the music aloneC.to accept responsibility for a mistakeD.to go to see the person who is in charge and ask what has gone wrong18.Which of the following statements is NOT true?__________A.Individualism can be traced to the philosophy of liberalism.B.The basic social unit in collectivist cultures is the autonomous self.C.Eastern collectivism is tied to Confucianism.D.Culture shock may occur at the individualist-collectivist divide,but the gap can be bridged.19.Bob is great!He always plays the game.The underlined part has the same meaning as __________.A.takes something as a game without caring too muchB.plays various gamesC.helps others when playing gamesD.behaves in a fair and honorable way20.Which of the following first names is shortened as"Bob"?__________A.RobertB.WilliamC.AlexanderD.Peter21.Which of the following statements is TRUE of the roots of English names?__________A."Forester"came from personal characteristics.B."Young"came from occupations.C."O'Patrick"came from family relationships.D."Butler"came from places.22.If you received an English invitation to a formal western banquet but could not attend it,what would be an appropriate action?__________A.Ask a friend to attend the banquet for you.B.Ask a colleague to phone a refusal.C.Accept the invitation but then not attend.D.Write a reply informing the host/hostess that you could not attend the banquet.23.Your American colleague has just had her hair dyed green.She is expecting your comment. What would you say appropriately?__________A."Your hair is as green as tree leaves."B."It looks good."C."It's too green.I don't like the color."D."It looks much better."24.Your classmate from Britain would like to borrow your computer this weekend.Unfortunately, you need to use it at the same time.How would you refuse the request politely?__________A."Well,why don't you borrow one from someone else?"B."Sorry,I cannot lend it to you."C."Yes,but you need to give it back to me as soon as possible."D."I'd love to,but I'm afraid I've got a lot of things to type up as well."25.Trying to explain rock music to your grandfather is just like dui niu tan qin(对牛弹琴)-playing violin to a bull.The corresponding English expression is__________.A.casting pearls before swineB.casting diamonds to a dogC.throwing pearls to a pigD.throwing diamonds to a goat26.Which of the following statements is TRUE of non-verbal communication?__________A.Non-verbal communication serves a variety of purposes.B.Non-verbal communication is less important than verbal communication.C.Since non-verbal communication is hard to interpret,it is important to reduce it to the minimum in cross-cultural communication.D.Non-verbal communication is not effective without verbal communication.27.The idiom"by the skin of one's teeth"means__________.A.very thinB.hard and flexibleC.only justD.one's sense of right and wrong28.What does the ring gesture(you form an"O"by holding the tip of your forefinger to the tip of your thumb)mean in Britain?__________A.Something is expensive.B.Something is good.C.Something is worthless.D.I will kill you.29.Which of the following statements is NOT true?__________A.Proxemics is the study governing how closely one person stands to another.B.All cultures draw lines between appropriate and inappropriate social distance for different relationships.C.Social distance has a wider range than public distance.D.The appropriateness of physical contact varies between cultures.30.If someone is said to be"economical with the truth",he/she__________A.has saved a lot of moneyB.does not tell the whole truthes very few wordsD.has recently diedSection III Reading Comprehension[30points]Part1.Questions31-35are based on Passage1.(10points)Passage1A handshake will be an acceptable greeting around the world.However,the strength,length,and duration of a handshake will vary by culture.Of course,Japanese will still bow to each other and it is advisable for foreign visitors to bow slightly when shaking hands.Mexicans who know each other will hug and East Europeans may kiss.In many European countries it is common to shake hands with everyone in the room before and after each business meeting.Business card exchanges are an important part of any international business meeting.Variations include where to keep your cards,which languages the card should be in,and what to do with the business card once you have received it.One rule to follow:Always bring five times more cards than you think you will need.To explore the nuances of business card exchange,we will examine the exchange as carried out by an American in Japan.First,the cards should be in English on one side and Japanese on the other.The Japanese side should have a logo or other marker.It is important that the company and title be prominently positioned.The cards should be kept in a card holder in the vest or jacket.Never keep the cards in a wallet or a pocketbook.The presentation of the card is done at the beginning of the meeting. Cards are presented with the giver's name(Japanese side)facing the recipient.The card can be delivered by one or preferably two hands accompanied by a slight bow.On receipt of a card,it should be studied carefully to determine the status of the person.Since meetings usually involve more than one person,each card received should be placed on the table,like an open deck of cards, in front of the recipient so that the executive can tell who he or she is speaking with.The recipient should avoid shuffling the cards,placing them in one's wallet,or writing on them in the presence of the giver.The business card is the symbolic embodiment of the organization;therefore it should be treated with the utmost respect.As a general rule,use people's titles on international business assignments.Learn the appropriate titles for each country.People with Ph.D.s should always be referred to as'Doctor'.In many countries,people will be referred to by their titles only.For example,"Chief Engineer,can you tell us how this operation works?"The use of first names in business also varies by country and age. Be alert to these differences.Questions31-35:Decide whether the following statements are true,false,or not mentioned according to the passage.Write T for"true",F for"false",and NM for"not mentioned"on the Answer Sheet._______31.Generally speaking,in Europe you should shake hands with everybody at the beginning and the end of a meeting._______32.You should always take at least five more business cards than you expect to need on your business trips._______33.In Japan,the person's status should be clearly given on the card._______34.It is acceptable for an American to note something down on a Japanese business card to remind him of the person who gave it to him._______35.The Japanese business card is more than just a reminder of who the person is.It also represents the company he works for.Part2.Questions36-40are based on Passage2.(10points)Passage2In an effort to get over culture shock,there is value in knowing something about the nature of culture and its relationship to the individual.In addition to living in a physical environment,an individual lives in a cultural environment consisting of manmade physical objects,social institutions,ideas and beliefs.An individual is not born with culture but only with the capacity to learn it and use it.There is nothing in a newborn child which dictates that it should eventually speak Portuguese,English,or French,nor that it should eat with a fork in its left hand rather than in the right,or use chopsticks. All these things the child has to learn.Nor are the parents responsible for the culture which they transmit to their young.The culture of any people is the product of history and is built up over time largely through processes which are,as far as the individual is concerned,beyond his/her awareness.It is by means of culture that the young learn to adapt themselves to the physical environment and to the people with whom they associate.As we know,children and adolescents often experience difficulties in this process of learning and adjustment.But once learned,culture becomes a way of life,the sure,familiar,largely automatic way of getting what you want from your environment and as such it also becomes a value. People have a way of accepting their culture as both the best and the only way of doing things. This is perfectly normal and understandable.To this attitude we give the name ethnocentrism,a belief that not only the culture but the race and nation form the center of the world.Individuals identify themselves with their own group and its ways to the extent that any critical comment is taken as an affront to the individual as well as to the group.If you criticize my country, you are criticizing me.If you criticize me,you are criticizing my country.Along with this attitude goes the tendency to attribute all individual peculiarities as national characteristics.For instance,if an American does something odd or antisocial in a foreign country which back home would be considered a purely individual act,it is now considered a national trait.Instead of being censured as an individual,his country is censured.It is best to recognize that ethnocentrism is a characteristic of national groups.If a person criticizes some aspect of one's own culture,one should listen but not enter into criticisms.Questions36-40:Choose the best answer from A,B,C and D.Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.36.According to the passage,which of the following choices is NOT mentioned as an element in acultural environment?A.social institutionsB.beliefsC.historyD.physical objects37.What is the writer's stand about culture?A.Parents are responsible for transmitting culture to their children.B.Children are born with culture.C.Culture needs to be taught to young people.D.Culture builds up over time and guides young people to adjust to environment.38.According to the passage,what is NOT suggested by the writer as a symptom of ethnocentrism?A.Regarding cultures containing similar values as the best cultures.B.Regarding home culture is superior to other cultures.C.Identifying oneself with the group one comes from.D.Assuming other cultures do things likewise.39.What is the writer's attitude towards ethnocentrism in the article?A.positiveB.negativeC.neutralD.indifferent40.What does the word"censure"mean in the article?A.praiseB.criticizeC.evaluateD.judgePart3.Questions41-45are based on Passage3.(10points)Passage3The Chinese make a clear distinction between insiders and outsiders,and this distinction exists on all levels of interpersonal interaction.Insiders consist of people from two categories:automatic and selected.Automatic insiders include one's parents,siblings,relatives,colleagues,and classmates,whereas selected ones are special relations that one has developed over time at work or elsewhere.For example,a person is considered an insider at work after he or she has developed a special relationship by helping others and sharing information with others.The five common criteria of an insider are nice,trustworthy,caring,helpful,and empathetic.The distinction between an insider and an outsider provides specific rules of interaction in Chinese interpersonal relationships.Insiders often are treated differently from outsiders,and a person with insider status often enjoys privileges and special treatment beyond an outsider's comprehension. To illustrate,a Chinese person may go beyond his or her means to help an insider,but an outsider has to follow the rules.The insider-outsider distinction also involves moral implications.In the Chinese culture,moral judgments are not only cognitively but affectively based.Moral stands tend to vary from one relationship to another.Family-centered"insider"relationships have two important implications for relationshipdevelopment with strangers.First,as King and Bond argue,the importance of family and the sense of dependency built up in the Chinese family system make it difficult to develop personal relationships with strangers.In the Chinese culture,the transformation from a wai ren(outsider)to a zi ji ren(insider)involves an arduous and time-consuming process,because personal relationships often take a long time to develop.After relationships have been established,however, they tend to stay very solid.As a result,in order to overcome the inherent difficulty in relationship development,intermediaries are widely used for social relationship construction.Second,the Chinese and other collectivistic cultures tend to be particularistic in their utilization of value standards toward in-groups and out-groups.This particularistic principle of interpersonal relationships hinders interactions with outsiders because value standards applied to in-groups may not be readily adapted to out-groups,and most Chinese don't feel knowledgeable about dealing with outsiders.Questions41-45:Answer the following questions briefly.Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.41.According to the author,what are the five common criteria of an insider?42.How do automatic insiders differ from selected ones?43.What example does the author give to show that insiders are treated differently from outsiders?44.According to the author,what makes it difficult for a Chinese person to develop a personal relationship with a stranger?45.What might be an appropriate title for this passage?Section IV Communication Analysis[20points]The following are two cases of cross-cultural communication.In each of the cases there is something to be improved upon.Write an analysis on what is to be desired for more successful communication or cultural understanding.Your analysis should be about100words for each case. You may organize your analysis in accordance with the following procedure:why did the people involved behave so from the cultural perspective?What behaviors caused the misunderstanding in the case?What corrective behaviors do you suggest to each party in the case?Note:Your writing ability will be assessed.Case1(10points)Li Hong is a new teacher in a middle school.One day,one of her Chinese colleague Yang Zhen introduces her to their middle-aged foreign teacher Maggy.Yang:Li Hong,this is Maggy,our English teacher from America.And Maggy,this is Li Hong,our new colleague.Li and Maggy:How do you do?Maggy:Your sweater is so smart.Li:Oh,it is only an old one,I bought it last year.Maggy:You are so young and smart,I am sure you are a good teacher.Li:No,no.I am just a newcomer,I should learn from you old teachers.Maggy looks surprised and thinks,"I am really so old?"Question46:Why did Li and Maggy behave so from the cultural perspective?What behaviors caused the misunderstanding in the case?What corrective behaviors do you suggest to Li and Maggy to avoid miscommunication?Case2(10points)Li has returned to China after a year in the States.He marries his childhood sweetheart,who has never traveled and speaks very little English.Li's best friend in the States,Bob,comes to visit China for the first time and is introduced to Wang Lan,the new wife of his best friend."Gee,it's great to meet you",says Bob,"Li talked about you all the time back in Houston!",and kisses Wang Lan heartily on both cheeks.Wang Lan is shocked.Question47:Why did Bob and Wang Lan behave so from the cultural perspective?What behaviors caused the misunderstanding in the case?What corrective behaviors do you suggest to Bob and Wang Lan to avoid miscommunication?《跨文化交际》考试参考答案Section I Listening Test[20points]Part1.(10points,2points each.)1.B2.A3.D4.A5.CPart2.(10points,1point each.0.5point off for each misspelling.)6.root7.approachmunities9.shape10.logic11.grammar12.conflictpleting14.disclosure15.gesturesSection II Communicative Competence[30points](30points,2points each.)16.C17.C18.B19.D20.A21.C22.D23.B24.D25.A26.A27.C28.B29.C30.BSection III Reading Comprehension[30points]Part1.(10points.Award2points to each correct answer.)31.T32.F33.NM34.F35.TPart2.(10points.Award2points to each correct answer.)36.C37.D38.A39.C40.BPart3.(10points)Award2points to each correct answer.41.The five common criteria of an insider are nice,trustworthy,caring,helpful,and empathetic.42.Automatic insiders include one's parents,siblings,relatives,colleagues,and classmates, whereas selected ones are special relations that one has developed over time at work or elsewhere.43.A Chinese person may go beyond his or her means to help an insider,but an outsider has to follow the rules.44.The importance of family and the sense of dependency built up in the Chinese family system (or value standards applied to in-groups may not be readily adapted to out-groups).45.In-Groups and Out-Groups in China;Interpersonal Relations in China;Relating Foreigners in China,etc.Section IV Communication Analysis[30points]The sample answers given in this part are more detailed than required in order to lead you through the three steps.In the examination,the students'analysis for each case should be about100words. Question46.Case1(10points,1point for overall language quality.)1.Li Hong comes from a collectivist culture which emphasizes deference paid to people older than self and modesty displayed on the part of the young.Maggy comes from an individualistic culture which values assertiveness and free expression of feelings.(2points)2.As a young and new teacher,Li Hong showed her respect to Maggy with a formal greeting. When Maggy complimented Li on her sweater and herself,Li reacted in a typical Chinese way by overusing modesty in front of a teacher older than her.She displayed her humbleness by saying that her sweater was an old one and she should learn from Maggy,an old teacher.Li's responses are perfect between Chinese people but terrible in cross-cultural situations like this.She did not realize that her expression of respect could be translated into offence since individualistic cultures do not associate as much deference with age as collectivistic cultures do.Therefore,Maggy, coming from an individualistic culture,was surprised when Li called her"old teacher".Maggy did not understand that the word"old"here meant as a compliment,meaning that she had richer teaching experience.Both Li Hong and Maggy communicated only from their cultural perspectives and thus caused miscommunication.(3points)3.To avoid miscommunication,Li Hong and Maggy should learn more about each other's culture and adjust their behaviors accordingly.When Maggy complimented Li on her sweater and herself, Li could simply reply"thank you".She could use her non-verbal language to show her respect to Maggy,for instance,with a smile,a handshake,etc.(2points)As to Maggy,she could use fewer complimentary words or more objective questions to reduce Li's nervousness.She should also understand that one of the key values in collectivism is deference paid to experience and old age. (2points)Question47.Case2(10points,1point for overall language quality.)1.Bob comes from an individualistic culture which features close body contact among personal relationships.Wang Lan comes from a collectivistic culture which does not feature open display of personal feelings through body contact.(2points)2.In the case,Bob treated Wang Lan as a close friend and greeted her in a typical western way with hearty kisses on her cheeks to display the close friendship.However,with little knowledge of western greeting etiquette,Wang Lan was shocked since Bob's"rude"behavior was not in line with the Chinese ways of expressing close friendship.In Chinese culture,a hearty handshake will serve the purpose.It is the contrast of Bob's open expression of closeness through close body contact and Wang Lan's indirectness in expressing her feelings that caused miscommunication.(3 points)3.To avoid miscommunication,Bob and Wang Lan need to learn more about each other's culture and adjust their behaviors accordingly.Bob should ask Wang Lan if he could kiss her to express his friendship or he could shake hands with Wang Lan instead.(2points)Wang Lan needs to understand that the kisses were well meant and does not have to feel embarrassed or shocked.She could act more actively by extending her hand out first for a handshake rather than behave passively.(2points)。

高三英语跨文化交际单选题40题

高三英语跨文化交际单选题40题1.In the United States, when you are invited to someone's home for dinner, it is polite to bring a small gift. What is NOT an appropriate gift?A.A bottle of wineB.FlowersC.A set of knivesD.A box of chocolates答案：C。

在美国文化中，送刀被认为是不吉利的。

A 选项一瓶酒、B 选项花、D 选项一盒巧克力都是比较合适的礼物。

2.In Japan, when you receive a gift, what is the proper response?A.Open it immediately and express your excitement.B.Open it later in private.C.Don't open it at all.D.Throw it away.答案：B。

在日本文化中，收到礼物后通常会在之后私下打开，而不是立即打开或不打开甚至扔掉。

3.In Britain, when you meet someone for the first time, what is a common topic of conversation?A.PoliticsB.ReligionC.The weatherD.Personal income答案：C。

在英国，人们初次见面通常会谈论天气，而避免谈论政治、宗教和个人收入等比较敏感的话题。

4.In China, when you are having a meal with elders, what should you do?A.Start eating before the elders.e chopsticks to point at others.C.Fill the elders' cups first.D.Talk loudly.答案：C。

英语跨文化交际参考题

英语跨⽂化交际参考题考⽣姓名：____________ 学号：___________ 专业班级：注意：1. 试卷、答题纸上按要求写上姓名、学号和专业班级。

2.所有题⽬答案必须写在答题纸上，做在试卷上⼀律⽆效。

3.考试结束，试卷全部回收，不准带出考场。

Part I. Multiple ChoiceDirections:There is one blank in each sentence. For each blank there are four choices marked A, B, C, and D. You should choose the ONE that best fits into the blank, and write down your answer on the Answer Sheet.1. Who is the father of intercultural communication study?A. Edward T. HallB. Marshall McLuhanC. Gudykunst, W.B.D. Chomsky2.Which is not the major purpose of learning ICC?A.Develop understanding of culture to appreciate opportunities and challenges.B. Learn as many languages as possible.C. Expand communication skills and ability to be appropriate to various settings.D. Forge an intercultural vision to deal with culture shock.3. Any change in the subsystem of culture will affect the whole system indicates .A. Culture is holistic.B. Culture is shared.C. Culture is created.D. None of them4. In orientation work is considered a separate activity from play.A. doingB. becomingC. beingD. all of them5. Which of the following examples can not elicit difference in social relation orientation?A. In America, professors are called by their first names, instead of the last names inChina.B. In some European countries, the family into which a person is born determine his social position, while, in America, rags-to-riches stories are popular.C. Extended families are popular in China，while nuclear families are popular in America.D. American believes the universe can be controlled, while, Chinese believe in theunity of man and nature.6. Phrases like “make time”, “save time” and “gain time” indicate people’s time orientation.A. past-oriented B present- oriented C. future-oriented D. none of them7. Time is viewed endless and ongoing in .A. European AmericansB. Indians and African AmericansC. European Americans and Latin AmericansD. All of above8. Which proverb can not indicate individualism?A. The squeaky wheel gets the grease.B. God help those who help themselves.C. Out of mouth comes evil.D. Every man is the architect of his own fortune.9. Among all the physical environment elements, which belong(s) to natural environment?A. geography and climateB. city architecture and city environmentC. city design and house designD. room design and decoration10. Hegel said, “When man feels he is limitless at the sea, he will have great courage to surpass the limit.” This quotation indicates .A. unity of man and natureB. social relation orientationC. world viewD. future-oriented time orientation11. Which of the following choices can not show concept of personal space?A. People is supposed to ask for permission to sit down on a half-occupied bench in a park.B. It is impolite to shoulder your way when you are waiting in the train station.C. Such questions li ke “Have you had your meal?” are very common in China whenpeople meet in the street.D. In public spaces, “temporary territory” is highly valued.12. are of special significance among ten components of communication?A. Source and receiverB. Noise and channelC. Encoding and decodingD. Context and feedback13. Having dinner in a romantic restaurant and in an isolated island will influence participants’ speaking style shows communication is different inA. physical contextB. social context C interpersonal context D all of above14. Which of the following choices is not a feature of western thinking pattern?A. analysisB. factual reasoning C logic D. holistic15. Which of the following sentence does not indicate eastern pattern of thinking?A There are both advantages and disadvantages in country life.B. Every coin has two sides.C. People value the wisdom of being foolish in daily life.D. People make sense of the daily life by objectivity and specificity.16. Which kind of communication apprehension is considered enduring and hard to be overcame?A. trait like B context-based C. audience-based D. situation-based17. Irish people lost their language (Celtic) is an example ofA. combinationB. migrationC. assimilationD. acculturation18. Which of the following statements is (are) positive implication(s) of culture shock?A. mood of mania and excitementB. emotional richness and enhanced toleranceC. personal retrogressD. psychosomatic problems19. In which period does the sojourner (旅居者) may appreciate the new culture of host country?A. adjustment periodB. reentry periodC. frustration periodD. honeymoon period20. In order to achieve intercultural communication competence, one should not .A. pay more attention to the contextB. expand knowledge of distinctive culture orientationC. understand how people think and behave in host cultureD. abandon and criticize the original culture and get yourself assimilated in hostculturePart II. Blank FillingDirections: In this part, there is a blank in each sentence. You are required to select one word or one phrase that best fits into the blank from a list of words in the following table. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. __________ is the process by which a message is converted into an idea by the receiver.2. __________ is a cultural orientation where meanings are gleaned from the physical, social, and psychological contexts.3. __________ is an arbitrarily selected and learned stimulus representing something else.4. __________ is a cultural orientation where the individual is unique and that emphasizes individual goals over group goals.5. ___________ is a systematic set of sounds, combined with a set of rules, for the purpose of communicating.6. ___________ is the effects associated with the tension and anxiety of entering a new culture, combined with the sensations of loss, confusion, and powerlessness resulting from the forfeiture of cultural norms and social rituals.7. ____________ is the degree to which a communication message has many possible meanings to its receivers.8. ___________ is the total combination of one’s group roles. A part of individual’s self-concept that is derived from the person’s membership in groups.9. ____________ is the recognition that several different cultures can exist in the same environment and benefit each other.10. ___________ is an individual who visits another culture for a period of time but who retains his/her original culture. Part III. Matching WordsDirections:Choose the words from the right side that best explain the meanings of the words on the left side. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.1. mediation A) an emotional response to objects, ideas, and people2. context B) a message that is sent back by the receiver to the source3. source C) the degree to which a person is open to others’ point of view4. perception D) anything that interferes with the communication process5. feedback E) the encoding and decoding process during communication6. dynamic F) process of finding peaceful solutions to a conflict7. pluralism G) people who originate a communication by encoding an idea8. attitude H) the mental interpretation of external stimuli via sensation9. transactional I)something that is considered active and forceful10. noise J) cultural circumstances within which communication occursPart IV. Short Answer QuestionsDirections:In this part, you are supposed to answer the following question with the knowledge of intercultural communication. Write down your answers on your Answer Sheet.Topic: Discuss briefly the characteristics of monochronic and polychronic time orientation. Part V. Case Analysis Directions:In this part you are supposed to analyze the following case from the perspective of intercultural communication. Then write down the answers on the Answer Sheet.CaseTom, an exchange student from England, is talking with Mary, his girlfriend from Australia in Tom’s dorm room about their holidays. At this time, Yahan, an exchange student from India, enters in the room unannounced.Tom: (to Mary) So, I think we should spend a week in China, 4 days in Japan. It is fantastic to know the East.(Yahan enters.)Yahan: Hello Tom. Who is this with you?Tom: Oh, hi Yahan. This is Mary. Mary, this is Yahan; he lives just down the hall. Mary:Hi Yahan.Yahan:Is this your girlfriend, Tom?Tom:Ah…yeah, she is.Yahan: Are you two going to marry? Want children?Tom:Ah, well….Mary:Uh…we really haven’t discussed that yet.Yahan: Oh, I see. Is your family not wealthy enough for her, Tom? What is your father’s occupation?Tom:What?Part VI．Essay QuestionsDirections: In this part, there are 2 essay topics. You are supposed to choose one from themto write an essay with at least 150 words.1. Use examples to explain the main characteristics of individualism and collectivism.2. Describe the differences of verbal communication styles between Chinese people and American people, and then analyze the reasons of the differences.。

《跨文化交际》试卷及答案

《跨文化交际》试卷Section I: Language Appropriacy and Accuracy [45 points] Instructions: There are altogether 15 statements or questions below. You are offered four choices marked with A, B, C and D for each statement or question. Choose the most appropriate one and write the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet.1. Bob, I need your help. The whole thing seems to be freaking out. Whatever I do, it is getting worse.A. funnyB. decliningC. losing controlD. happening2. What did you do to increase profit and eliminate losses? We haven’t been in the black for two months in a row.A. lack of moneyB. in the dark nightC. needing moneyD. gaining money3. I’ll have to start earlier the next time. This time I only finished by the skin of my teeth.A. finished it unsuccessfullyB. finished with my mouth shutC. barely succeeded in finishing itD. rarely shut my mouth when finishing it4. I don’t think you can depend on Jack to do that job by himself. He is too green.A: shy B. inexperienced. C. timid D. naive5. --Wow! Carl has done some really amazing things!--Don’t believe everything he tells you. He was probably pulling your leg.A. teasing youB. cheering you upC. ridiculing youD. dragging your leg6. Below are some topics. Three of them should be avoided in the cultural communication. Which one is the right expectation?A. Are you Christian?B. How much did you pay for the dress?C. Do you have a brother or a sister?D. Nice to see you again, you’re fatter.7. Which one in the following expressions is Not True?A. as meek as a lambB. as foolish as a donkeyC. as wise as an owlD. as strong as a cow8. We know that the dog is regarded as man’s best friend in the West, but sometimes dogs also have negative associations, such as ‘ _______ “A. A top dogB. Get the dogC. He worked like a dogD. Lead a dog’s lite9. I do think her presentation is wonderful. I simply can’t _____ the flaw in her argument.A. lay a finger onB. keep my hand inC. put my finger onD. hold my hand in10. Which of the following groups are family names?A. Thomas, Richard, RobertsonB. William, Smith, ClarkC. Taylor, Anthony, WatkinsD. George, Edwards, Jackson11. In a Western meal, you’re offered a ‘second helping, but you have already had enough. What would you say?A. No, thanks, I don’t like it.B. No, I don’t want any.C. No, I’m terribly full.D. That is delicious, but I’ve already had plenty, thanks.12. Which one in the following expressions is Not True?A. The Gang of FourB. A flock of cootsC. A school of birdsD. A pack of wolves13. Which one in the following expressions is Not True ?.A. as slippery as an eelB. as majestic as a tigerC. as stubborn as a muleD. as stupid as a goose14. Which idiom or saying below shows people’s positive attitude towards dogs?A. A jolly dog.B. He worked like a dog.C. Lead a dog’s life.D. Treat someone like a dog.15. Which of the following statements is Not True?A. Female names tend to be longer with more syllables.B. Female names tend to have higher percentage of names with stress on a syllable other than the first.C. Male names tend to make more use of /i/ sound, such as Steve, Peter, and Keith.D. Female names more likely end with vowel sound, while male names with a plosive sound.Section II: Reading Comprehension [25ints]Part 1: Questions16-20 are based on this part. (15 points)Read Passage 1 and then answer Questions 16-20 briefly. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Passage 1In Australian families the central relationship is usually that between husband and wife, with children being thought of as independent individuals from an early age. The central relationship around which Chinese families revolve is quite different. Here the stress is placed on the relationship between parents and children. Couples with children view the roles of mother acid father as coming before those of husband and wife. It is the parents, usually the father, who make all important decisions for children. It is the father, for example, who will usually make decisions concerning what and where the children should study. This is in marked contrast to Australian families where children play an increasingly important role in deciding such matters as they grow older. This independence is also shown in the Australian custom of children leaving home to live independently of their parents long before marriage. There are few if any opportunities for young people to set up independently in this fashion in China. Indeed, the Australian practice in this regard can seem from a Chinese perspective to indicate that Australians do not care about their families.Australian children are more likely to be expected to work while they are studying than their Chinese counterparts. This can also apply to household chores, with Chinese parents expecting their offspring to devote their time to their studies. Children may be excused such duties right up to marriage, so that married life can sometimes come as a rude awakening to the need to cook and clean. Whereas in Australia students may work during the holidays or part-time during term, such activity is rare in China. The situation has changed somewhat since the end of the 1980s, with some students taking work as tutors or providing various services such as dressmaking. But the initial public reaction was one of shock. It is, then, still viewed as primarily the parents’ responsibility to support their children while they are pursuing their education. Money spent in this way is under no circumstances regarded as a loan, to be repaid when the children finish their education and have secured a job. University students in Australia also receive financial assistance from their parents and there is in some families an understanding that this will be repaid once they are financially independent. To many Chinese this may smack of lack of love and family feeling.The Australian emphasis on fostering independence in children from an early age runs counter to the Chinese view. Chinese children are not expected to be autonomous of their families to the same extent, with dependence on parents up to the time they are married. The protection and care of their children is the duty of parents. Chinese parents would look upon the failure to fulfill this duty as violating the most basic of parental responsibility. Dependence is the inevitable corollary and not something to shed as soon as possible but the expression of strong family bonds of affection.16. What’s the primary relationship in an Australian family and in a Chinese family?17. What role do children play in an Australian family?18. Why don’t Chinese children do household chores at home?19. What are Australian children expected to do during their school years?20. What’s the main idea of the passage?Part 2: Questions 21--25 are based on this part. (10points)Read Passage 2 and then decide whether Statements 21- 25 are True or False according to the information given in the passage. Write ‘T’ for true and ‘F’ for false on the Answer Sheet.Passage 2The English CharacterNo Englishman believes in working from book learning. He suspects all theories, philosophical or other. He suspects everything new, and dislikes it, unless he can be compelled by the force of circumstances to see that this new thing has advantages over the old. Race-experience is what he invariably depends upon, whenever he can, whether in India, in Egypt, or in Australia. His statesmen do not consult historical precedents in order to decide what to do: they first learn the facts as they are; then they depend upon their own common sense, not at all upon their university learning or upon philosophical theories. And in the case of the English nation, it must be acknowledged that this instinctive method has been eminently successful. The last people from whom praise can be expected, even for what is worthy of all praise, are the English. A new friendship, a new ideal, a reform, a noble action, a wonderful poem, an exquisite painting -- any of these things will be admired and praised by every other people in Europe long before you can get Englishmen to praise. The Englishman all this time is studying, considering, trying to find fault. Why should he try to find fault? So that he will not make any mistakes at a later day. He has inherited the terrible caution of his ancestors in regard to mistakes. It must be granted that his caution has saved him from a number of very serious mistakes that other nations have made. It must also be acknowledged that he exercises a fair amount of moderation in the opposite direction -- his modern Englishman; he has learned caution of another kind, which his ancestors taught him. ‘Power should be used with moderation; for whoever finds himself among valiant men will discover that no man is peerless.’ And this is a very important thing for the strong man to know -- that however strong, he cannot be the strongest; his match will be found when occasion demands it. Not only Scandinavian but English rulers have often discovered this fact to their cost.The judgment of the Englishman by all other. European peoples is that heis most suspicious, the most reserved, the most unreceptive, the most unfriendly, the coldest- hearted, and the most domineering of all western peoples. Ask a Frenchman, an Italian, a German, a Spaniard, even an American, what he thinks about Englishmen; and every one of them will tell you the very same thing. This is precisely what the character of men would become who had lived for thousands of years in the conditions of northern society. But you would find upon the other hand that nearly all nations would speak highlyof certain other English qualities- energy, courage, honor, justice (between themselves). They would say that although no man is so difficult to make friends with, the friendship of an Englishman once gained is more strong and true than any other. And as the battle of life continues, and must continue for thousands of years to come, it must be acknowledged that the English character is especially well fitted for the struggle. Its reserves, its cautions, its doubts, its suspicions, its brutality -- these have been forit in the past, and are still in the present, the best social amour and panoplyof war. It is not a lovable nor an amiable character; it is not even kindly. The Englishman of the best type is much more inclined to be just than he isto be kind, for kindness is an emotional impulse, and the Englishman is on his guard against every kind of emotional impulse. But with all this, the character is a grand one, and its success has been the best proof of its value.21. The Englishmen are willing to see the advantages of new things.22. The Englishmen would rather depend on their race experience than university learning or philosophical theories.23. It is less likely to get praise from an American than from an Englishman.24. Being quite cautious, the Englishman has avoided making a lot of mistakes that other nations have made.25. Emotional impulse is one of the English characters.Section Ⅲ: Communication Analysis [30 points]Instructions; The following are three different cases of cross-cultural communication. In each of the cases there is something to be improved upon. Write an analysis on what is to be desired for more successful communicationor cultural understanding in each case by answering Questions 26-28 respectively. Your analysis of each case should be about 100 -- 150 words. Write your answers on the Answer Sheet.Note:! Your writing ability will also be assessed in this section of the test. Case 1 (7 points)Li Gang is a new Chinese student in an American university. He is very glad that one of his classmates, Peter, invites him to see a film one day. Li Gang goes to the cinema on time. When he gets there, Peter is waiting for him. Peter says, ‘I have bought mine. You go quickly to buy your ticket.’ Li Gang gets surprised.Question 26. Why does Li Gang get Surprised?Case 2 :(10 points)Mrs. Chen has just moved to America. Her husband is a guest professor there. She finds that a car is very necessary in America, so she decides to buy one. After she has chosen a suitable car, she takes out the cash to pay. The salesman is very glad and surprised, ‘Great. You pay in cash. ‘Mrs. Chen gets confused.Question 27: Why does Mrs. Chen get confused?Case 3 (13 points)Sarah and Daniel are a young American couple who are teaching English at Zhejiang University. They are leaning Chinese and enjoy their new lives. They have been eager to get to know Chinese people better so were pleased when Chen’ Li, their new Chinese colleague invited them to her h ome for? dinner at one weekend:When Sarah and Dahiel arrived, Chen Li introduced them to her hus- band Wang Bing, asked them to sit down at a table containing 8 plates of various cold dishes served them tea and then disappeared with her husband into the kitchen. Sarah offered to help in the kitchen but Chen Li said she didn’t need any help.A half-hour later she came back and sat down and the three began to eat. Wang Bing came in from time to time to put several hot dishes on the table. Most of the food was wonderful and there was much more than Sarah and Daniel could eat. They wanted Wang Bing to sit down so that they could talk to him. Finally he did sit down and ate a bit, but quickly he turned on the TV to show them high tech features. Soon it was time for Sarah and Daniel to go home.Sarah and Daniel felt slightly depressed by this experience, but returned the invitation one month later. They decided to make a nice American meal and felt lucky to find olives, tomato juice, butter and even some cheese in the hotel shop. They put these out as appetizers. For the main course they prepared spaghetti and a salad with dressing made from oil, vinegar, and some spices they found in the market.When Chen Li and Wang Bing arrived they were impressed by the apartment and the decorations, and asked about the price of the furniture, paintings, the carpet and other things. Sarah politely refused to answer their questions. They took small tastes of the appetizers and ate only a little spaghetti and didn’t finish the salad on their plates. Sarah urged them to eat more but they refused. Sarah and Daniel talked about their families and asked the Chinese couple about theirs. After a while, Daniel cleared the table and served coffee and pastries. The Chinese couple didn’t drink nor eat too much. After they left, Sarah and Daniel felt puzzled, because their Chinese guests didn’t eat too much, while they themselves left Chen Li’s home so full. Question 28How does Chinese understanding of the host-guest relationship influence Chen Li and WangBing’s way of enterta ining Sarah and Daniel? How does Sarah and Daniel’s understanding of the host-guest relationship influence their way of treating Chen Li and Wang Bing? What advice could you give to both couples to help them further their friendship?跨文化交际试题答案及评分标准Section I: Language Appropriacy and Accuracy 1-30 points](45 points, 3 points each. )1. C2. D3. C4. B5. A6. C7. D8. D9. C 10. D11. D 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. CSection Il: Reading Comprehension 25points]Part 1. (15oints, 3points each. 0.5 point off for eachgrammar/spelling mistake, but at most 1 point can be deducted for each item for the grammar/spelling mistakes. The exact wording is not required, but the meaning must be the same. )16. In an Australian family the primary relationship is husband and wife, whereas in a Chinese family the basic relationship is between parents and children.17. Children play an increasingly important role in deciding the matters in the family as they grow older.18. Because Chinese parents expect their children to devote their time to studies.18. During their school years Australian children may work in the holidays and may work part-time during the terms.20. The passage discusses the differences between Chinese and Australian families in child-rearing.Part 2. (10oints, 2points each)21. F 22. T 23. F 24. T 25. FSection Ⅲ’: Communication Analysis [30 points]Question 26.Case 1 (7 points, 5 points for the analysis, 2 points for overall language quality. )1)In China, if somebody invites you to see a film, he will buy the ticket for you.2)In America, invitation is very common. And people are used to paying individually.3)Li Gang hasn’t got used to this yet. He thought that Peter would buy the ticket for him.Question 27.Case 2 (10 points, 8 points for the analysis, 2 points for overall language quality. )1)In China, people are used to paying in cash, especially in daily life.2)Chinese people consume within their consumptive capability.3)The Americans are used to paying in cheque or credit card. And they like consuming in advance. But the merchants prefer to have cash.Question 28.Case 3 (13 points, 11 points for the analysis, 2 points for overall language quality.)Note: The words of the sample answer below are more than the required, for the purpose of providing enough reference.1)In China, it is traditional that hosts entertain guests by offering many courses of dishes to show their hospitality, and the number of courses served usually has the connotation of good luck, e. g.the number ‘8’ sounds like 发, which means getting rieh. It is quite common, especially in cities, that the husband helps a lot in cooking and servlng food. Hosts treat guests, especially distinguished guests, very politely, and guests’ offer 0f help in the kitchen ;is normally Politely refused Besides, TV programs often play an important role in providing entertainment at formal family dinner parties. These Chinese conventions help explain the way Chen Li and Wang Bing en~ertained Sarah and Daniel.2)In the West, hosts’ hospitality is not shown by the qual ity and quantity Of the food, but by offering their own specialty. They hope their guests Would like the food and enjoy their efforts. The hospitality is also shown by the hosts’ accompanying the guests and having a conversatio n with them. So both the host and hostess would’ ac company the guests to have dinner and have a warm talk t0gether. Guests would not ask any private questions, such as the price of the furniture, etc. These Western ‘conventions help explain the way Sarah a nd Daniel treated Chen Li and Wang Bing. Chen Li and Wang Bing followed the Chinese conversation habit, that’ S Why they asked about the prices, and often Chinese guests want to show their cultivation and manners by eating limited amount of food, and this may explain Why Chen Li and Wang Bing ate only a little food.3) It is advisable for both couples to learn the other culture through experience, chatting, observing and reading. On suitable occasions, e.g. at parties, friendly and interesting conversations about their respective cul tures, Such as ways of entertaining guests, normal conversation’ ‘topics and taboos etc, can be an effective way of understanding each other‘ Through such interactions; their friendship will surely be enhanced。

跨文化交际试题答案（附翻译）

跨文化交际试题答案（附翻译）international developments have made intercultural contact more pervasive (无处不在), they are .（D）A. new technology and information systemB. changes in the world’s populationC. a shift in the world’s economic arenaD. A, B and Chas evolved that lets societies share cultural experiences with one another as films are produced and shown around the world.A. Show businessB. .C. international film industryD. Mass mediain the United States, because they have been profoundly affected by population and immigration increases, are a primary setting for domestic intercultural contact.A. SchoolsB. CommunityC. WorkplaceD. club4. It is difficult to find a single definition of human communication because__D____.A. the complex nature of communicationB. the issue of intentionalityC. the issue of unintentionalityD. A, B and C5. To Reusch and Bateson, communication often takes place ___A__.A. without awarenessB. consciouslyC. intentionallyD. deliberately6. Which of the statements of communication is not true A()A. Communication is dynamic/doc/142777800.html,munication is symbolic/doc/142777800.html,munication is InterpretiveD. Communication is static7. Communication has a consequence means that ____D__.A. Communication is irreversibleB. Our response to message does not have to be immediateC. The nature of our responses to messages is rooted in our cultureD. A, B and C8. Which of the item is not the basic component of culture DA. ValuesB. EmotionsC. PersonalityD. Attitudes9. We learn our culture not through ________.A. proverbsB. artC. mass mediaD. self-taught10. Although many aspects of culture are subject to change, the _______ of a culture resists majorA. historyB. the deep structureC. backgroundD. tradition11. __D____ is at the core of intercultural communication.A. senderB. receiverC. cultureD. language12. Although cultures change through several mechanisms, which of the following item is not the three most commonA. DiffusionB. AcculturationC. InventionD. Innovation13. One of the most difficult tasks for foreigners in learninga new language is learning the _________ and ________ in which they areA. different styles, the contextsB. grammar, accentC. different styles, the speech actsD. vocabulary, the pronunciation14. Language is accompanied by a continuous flow of nonverbal communication, which involves not only ____ but also ____ andA. the tone, gaze, postureB. the voice, the face, the bodyC. the pitch, gaze, gestureD. the pace, the distance, touch15. _B____ is the process of selecting, organizing, and interpreting sensory data in a way that enables us to make sense of our physical and social world.A. InterpretationB. PerceptionC. AnalysisD. Understanding16. The maps are usually drawn by putting one’s country in the center. This illustrates ___C___.A. MisinterpretationB. Racial biasC. EthnocentrismD. Stereotype17. Many stereotypes are provided by the __D______.A. School educationB. TextbookC. HistoryD. Mass media18. Cultural breakdowns, setbacks or conflicts result from misinterpretations, ethnocentrism, and stereotype as a result of ____B___.A. MisperceptionB. Racial biasC. MisunderstandingD. False impression19. ___C__ are defined as “an enduring set of beliefs that serve to guide or direct our behavior”.A. LawsB. PerceptionsC. ValuesD. World views20. Which of the statements about cultural values is not true CA.Cultural values, as is the case with cultural beliefs, guide both perception and communication.B. Cultural values have nothing to do with individual values.C. Cultural values are prescriptive.D. Cultural values, once formed, are enduring and relatively stable.21. Which of the countries doesn’t belong to individualistic culture D()A. ItalyB. New ZealandC. FranceD. Greece22. In a high power distance culture, the superior tends to BA. treat employees respectfullyB. display his authorityC. interact with workers more oftenD. do important work23. Which of the statements about low uncertainty avoidance is not trueA. Divers population.B. Frequent innovations.C.Generally older countries with a long history.D. Citizens are proud of nation.24. Which of the following countries or region of no feminine traits DA. NorwayB. FinlandC. DenmarkD. Austria25. Language ______ culturalA. ExpressesB. EmbodiesC. InfluencesD. Symbolizes26. It is a universal truth that language is _____ by culture and in turn it ______ culture. BA. influenced, reflectsB. displayed, influencesC. determined, reflectsD. shaped, influences27. Language is the ______ representation of a people, and it comprises their historical and cultural backgrounds as well as their approach to life and their ways of living andA. PrescriptiveB. AbstractC. SubstantialD. Symbolic28. Which of the contextual cues do not matter in a high-context culture AA. The type of relationship that exists between the speaker and the listener.B. The coded, explicit message.C. Age relative to the speaker and the listener.D. Where is the communication taking place29. The low-context culture doesn’t have which of theA. Tends to develop transitory personal relationship.B. Tends to use "logic" to present ideas.C. Tends to give simple, ambiguous, non-contexting messages.D. Values individualism.30. The following advantages of high-context culture don’t includeA.it saves us making many trivial decisions;B.it allows for great flexibility, adaptability and originality;C.roles tend to be clear;D.group projects and team efforts tend to be practicable and effective.31. P eople from cultures that prefer “high involvement” styles tend to __A_______.A. expect to be interruptedB. use polite listening soundC.give plenty of positive and respectful responses to their conversation partnersD. speak one at a time32. People from “high considerateness” cultures ar e often thought to be _____B___.A. loudB. passiveC. chattyD. pushy33. One way to determine whether a culture favors a direct or indirect style in communication is _____A_______.A. H ow they say, “No.”B. How they invite people.C. How they teach people.D. How they accept people.34. In 2010, the Easter is on ___A______.A. 4th, April , April C. 2nd, April D. 6th, April35. Which of the communication style can’t be characterized as high consideratenessAA. ChineseB. JapaneseC. Mainstream AmericanD. Russian Define the following concept. (4 points for each of the 5 items)(1)Culture (2) Acculturation (3) Stereotype (4) Value (5) Uncertainty avoidance (6) Communication (7) Innovation (8) Perception (9) Ethnocentrism(10) Intercultural communication (11) Power distance (12) high-contextTrue or false.(1) ( F ) Cultural generalizations must be viewed not as approximations (接近)of reality, but as absolute representations.(2) (T ) Domestic contacts are increasing because new immigrants and co-cultures are growing in numbers.(3) ( F ) Our response to message has to be immediate.(4) ( T ) It is always possible to share our feelings and experiences by means of direct mind-to-mind contact.(5) ( T ) Culture is a problem of nurture instead of nature, that is one’s cultural patterns are acquired through learning or interacting, or they are determined by the environment within which we live.(6) ( F ) Misinterpretations do result every time members from two cultures communicate.(7) ( F ) Ethnocentrism is usually learned at the conscious level.(8) ( F) Low uncertainty avoidance cultures tend to have a less efficient infrastructure than high uncertainty avoidance cultures.(9) ( T ) China, Korea, Japan, Latin America, and to a certain extent, France, are considered to be high-context cultures.(10) ( T ) In the mainstream American culture, the ideal form of communication includes being direct rather than indirect.(11) （T）Communication is an activity that affects people and other people.(12) （T ）New technology, and growth in the world’s population have contributed to increasedinternational contacts.(13) (F ) All cultures use symbols, but they rarely assign their own meanings to them.(14) ( T ) Communication can be retrieved.(15) ( )Patterns of culture are inherent with individual, that is, they are genetically passed down from previous generations.(16) ( ) Perceptions for the same object, behavior or event are always universal.(17) ( ) To understand other people we must go into their perceptual world and try to experience reality in the same manner as they do.(18) ( T ) The Arabic-speaking nations, Latin America, Russia, and nearly all of Asia (especially India and China) are high power distance.(19) ( ) Language is influenced and shaped by culture; it reflects culture.(20) ( F ) Mainstream American co nversation style would also be characterized as “high involvement”, although it differs significantly from the various Asian patterns.(21) ( ) We are captives of our culture, though it offers us a common frame of reference.(22) ( ) We study other cultures from the perspective of our own culture, so our observations and our conclusion are tainted by our personal and cultural orientations.(23) ( ) Because we do not have direct access to the thoughts and feelings of others, we can’t infer what they are experiencing.(24) ( ) There are rules for speakers to follow as to how messages are constructed and interpreted.(25) ( ) Only when we are deprived of our own culture or put into a completely new culture can we realize the importance of culture to us.(26) ( ) Stereotype refers to an unfair, biased, or intolerant attitude towards another group of people.(27) ( ) The assumption of similarity is one of the biggest promotions in intercultural communication.(28) ( T) Countries or regions with masculine traits are Ireland, the Philippines, Greece, South Africa, Austria, Japan, Italy, and Mexico.(29) ( ) Low context communication saves us making many trivial decisions.(30) ( F) For Americans, two or three seconds of silence can be comfortable.1.三个国际的发展作出了跨文化联系更普遍的（无处不在），他们是。

高中英语跨文化交际练习题50题含答案解析

高中英语跨文化交际练习题50题含答案解析1.In some Western countries, it's polite to make eye contact when talking. In Japan, however, prolonged eye contact may be considered impolite. When you are having a conversation with a new acquaintance in Japan, what should you do?A.Make strong eye contact.B.Avoid prolonged eye contact.C.Stare at the person.D.Look away constantly.答案解析：B。

在日本，避免长时间的目光接触被认为是礼貌的行为。

选项A 在一些西方国家可能是礼貌的，但在日本不是；选项C 盯着人看在任何国家都不太礼貌；选项D 不断地看别处也不恰当。

2.In the United States, it's common to greet with a handshake. In Thailand, what is a common way to greet?A.Bow.B.Hug.C.Kiss on the cheek.D.Shake hands firmly.答案解析：A。

在泰国，人们通常以鞠躬的方式问候。

选项B 拥抱在美国等一些国家比较常见，但在泰国不是主要的问候方式；选项C 亲吻脸颊在一些欧洲国家常见；选项D 在美国常见。

3.In France, it's considered polite to greet with a kiss on both cheeks.In China, what is a more common way to greet?A.Kiss on the cheek.B.Bow slightly.C.Shake hands.D.Hug.答案解析：C。

（完整版）跨文化交际与翻译真题_

（完整版）跨文化交际与翻译真题_跨文化交际与翻译真题2015.6.5临床专业一、案例分析(答题说明：每题10分，合计10.0分。

)1. Situation: Two Americans, Bill and Tony, are talking about Tony’s unhappy experience with his Chinese college.Bill: Hi, Tony. How’re you doing?Tony: Fine. Just got back from visiting the home of one of my Chinese colleagues.Bill: Oh, have a good time?Tony: Oh yes, very good. Mind you, I was bit hurt about the way theytreated my present. You see, I know they like western music so I broughtthem back some of the latest tapes from the UK. Had them all wrapped up beautifully and gave them to them as soon as I got inside the door and whatdo you think happened?Bill: What?Tony: Nothing. Well, more or less, they said thank you but then just putthem away in a corner. Didn’t even bother to unwrap them.I must say I felt a bit miffed after all the trouble I’d taken.参考答案：答题点：Gift giving in the West三、跨文化单选(答题说明：每题1分，合计15.0分。

高中英语跨文化交际单选题50题

高中英语跨文化交际单选题50题1. When you are invited to a dinner party in the UK, it's polite to arrive _____.A. on timeB. a little earlyC. a little lateD. very late答案：A。

在英国，参加晚宴准时到达是礼貌的。

选项B 提前一点到达可能会给主人带来不便，因为主人可能还没准备好。

选项 C 晚一点到达是不礼貌的。

选项D 非常晚到达更是不礼貌的行为。

2. In Japan, when you receive a gift, you should _____.A. open it immediatelyB. open it laterC. not accept itD. throw it away答案：B。

在日本，收到礼物时应该稍后打开。

选项A 立即打开礼物被认为是不礼貌的。

选项C 不接受礼物是不恰当的。

选项D 扔掉礼物是非常不礼貌的行为。

3. In the US, if you are invited to someone's home for dinner, it's common to _____.A. bring some flowersB. bring some moneyC. bring some foodD. bring nothing答案：A。

在美国，如果被邀请去别人家吃晚餐，带一些花是常见的。

选项B 带钱是不合适的。

选项C 带食物有时不太合适，除非主人特别要求。

选项D 什么都不带不太礼貌。

4. In China, when you meet someone for the first time, it's polite to _____.A. shake handsB. hugC. kissD. bow答案：A。

在中国，第一次见面时，握手是礼貌的。

英语专业跨文化交际试题

英语专业跨⽂化交际试题试卷代号：1028中央⼴播电视⼤学2006—2007学年度第⼆学期“开放本科”期末考试英语专业跨⽂化交际试题2007年7⽉注意事项⼀、将你的学号、姓名及分校(⼯作站)名称填写在答题纸的规定栏内。

考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。

试卷和答题纸均不得带出考场。

⼆、仔细阅读题⽬的说明，并按题⽬要求答题。

答案⼀定要写在答题纸指定的位置上，写在试卷上的答案⽆效。

三、⽤蓝、⿊圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使⽤铅笔答题⽆效。

Information for the Examinees:This examination consists of three sections. These are:Section I: Language Appropriacy and Accuracy (30 points)Section Ⅱ: Reading Comprehension (30 points)Section Ⅲ: Communication Analysis (40 points)The total marks for this examination are 100 points. Time allowed for completing this examination is 90 minutes.Section I: Language Appropriacy and Accuracy [30 points]lnstructions: There are altogether 15 statements below. You are offered four choices marked with A, B, C, and D for each statement. Choose the most appropriate one and put it on the Answer Sheet.1. He said the government would not allow anyone to do something secretly andunofficially and seize power by force.A. sneak in by the back doorB. do the doakeyworkC. knock on the doorD. beat a path to someone's door2. She gave me a black look.A. looked at me blindlyB. looked at me happilyC. looked at nle madly D, looked at nle angrily3. Fie moonlights two other jobs though, his accounts are still in the --A. red B, blackC. greenD. pink4. To her, translating from French to Dutch is --A. a dealB. a piece of cakeC. a willD. a cake5. The English equivalent for the Chinese phrase "吹⽜" will be___A. talk bullB. blow wolfC. blow bullD. talk horse6. We've been in a confused situation this week.A. at sixes and sevensB. at sevens and eightsC. in a messD. at a lost7. He's extremely shy and withdrawn, though it may be that --A. still waters run very deepB. a wise man plays a foolC. a wise man plays footballD. deep waters run no wave8. One day, out of the blue, his long lost daughter appeared in the street, armed with a blond gentleman.A. dressed in blueB. very happilyC. unexpectedlyD. very sadly9. Why is it so difficult for the Democrats to __ on the issue of mismanaging the econorny?A. go for the earB. go for the cheekC. go for the eyeD. go for the jugular10. This young Italian-born dancer is the person who is expected to bring success to the Royal Ballet.A. the white hopeB. the red hopeC. the green hopeD. the black hope11. Today, Lisa told me that she got out of the bed on the wrong side.A. forgot which was lhe right sideB. was in bad moodC. bad a bad dreamD. had a bad luck12. "I don't bare money to fight him. These people are all the time in court, anyway."Philip says. "But and I have lots of patience."A. every dog has its dayB. every dog is fortunateC. every cat is luckyD. every cat has its day13. Al "Stuart says some really strange things sometimes."B: "Sometimes? All the time! He's nuts!"A. crazyB. foolishC. funnyD. stubborn14. Though it's raining eats and dogs, he kept standing in the rain for one hour withouta word.A. it's raining heavilyB. there were so many eats and dogs aroundC, it's stormingD. it's windy heavily15. The English equivalent for Chinese proverb "杀鸡给猴看" is --A. beat the cat before the lionB, kill the dog to frighten the tigerC. kill the chicken to frighten the monkeyD. heat the dog be{ore the lionSection Ⅱ: Reading Comprehension [30 points]Part 1: Questions 16--20 are based on this part. (1,5 points)Read Passage I and then answer Questions 16 g0 briefly. Write your answers on the Ahswer Sheet.Passage 1In order to be skillful in cross-cultural communication, managers ust have knowledgeof each culture they are dealing with. Ethics come into playing a big part of cross-euhural communication. What is considered unethical or illegal in the U. S. may not Be considered the same with other cultures.Americans tend to be legalistic and adversarial. They defend themselves with legally binding contracts, which is not only tolerated by Americans, but they consider it an essental business practice. However, the Japanese do not follow this practice. In Japan, they ro business with people the Japanese know and trust, rarely using the law to handle conflicts between the two parties. One American firm arrived iu Japan to negotiate a ioint venture with a contract in their hands. In the first meeting, the Americans put the 50-page conlrac; in front of the twelve Japanese negotiators. The meeting took the entire afternoon and no:it of the Japanese negotiators opened the contracts and they only talked about general busiiess conditions in both countries. After the meeting, the Americans could not get the ]apanese to the negotiating table again and had to leave the country empty-handed. The Japanese now having the contract at the first meeting rude and decided not to do business with such an inept firm.Another example is of an American firm trying to get an acceptable price for their product from a Japanese buyer. The Americans presented a very detailed presentation rna offered what they felt was a reasonable price. After a few moments of silence, the Americans thought the Japanese were going to reject the offer so they lowered the price. There was more silence by the Japanese. The Americans then said they would lower their price one hsi time and that this was the lowest they could go. The Japanese accepted this offer after a Brief silence. The Japanese later said the first price was within an acceptable range, but it was their custom to consider the proposal silently before giving their decision. The Americans lost a lot of profit by jumping the gun and believing the Japanese respond just llke otherAmericans.16. What is the main idea of the opening paragraph?17. In the first exampie,why did the Americans fail in the negotiation?18. What does the first example illustrate?19. In the second example, why did the Americans lower the first price?2O. What is the Japanese custonl in accepting an offer?Part 2: Questions 21--25 are based on this part. (15 points)Read Passage 2 and then decide whether Statements 21--25 are True or False according to tile information given in tile passage. Write "T" for true and "F" for false on the Answer Sheet.Passage 2Culture is shaped by attitudes learned in childhood and later internalized in adulthood.As we enter this current period of globalization and multieulturalism, we should expect to make adjustments and adopt new attitudes.Rules, values, and attitudes of a culture are not inherent. They are learned and passed down from generation to generation. For example, in many Middle Eastern and some Asian cultures, same-sex people may walk with hand-in-hand in the street, but opposite-sex people may not do so. In Arab cultures conversations are often held in close proximity, sometimes nose to nose. Bul in western cultures if a person stands too close, one may react as ifviolated: "He ;vas all over me like a rash." Cultural rules of behavior learned from yourfamily and society are conditioned from early childhood.The rules in any culture originated to reinforce that culture's values and beliefs. Theyact as normative forces. For example, in Japan the original barbie doll was a failure for many reasons, one of which was her toothy smite. Japan is a country where women cover theirmouths with their hands when they laugh so as not to expose their teeth. Exposing one'steeth is not only immodest but also aggressive. Although current cultural behavior may sometimes seem silly and illogical, nearly all serious rules and values originate in deep seared beliefs. Rules about exposing teeth or how close to stand are linked to values about sexuality, aggression, modesty, and respect. Acknowledging the inherent logic of a cultureis extremely important when learning to accept behavior that differs from one's own cultural behavior. Culture is the basis for how we tell the world, who we are and what we beLieve. Peoplebuild their identities through cultural overlays to their primary culture. North Americans,for example, make choices in education, career, place of employment, and life partner. Each o~ these choices Brings with it a set of rules, manners, ceremonies, hellefs, language, and values. They add to one's total cultural outlook, and they represent major expressions of a person's self-identity.To outsiders, the way we act those things that we do in daily life and work -- is the most visible parts of our culture. In Japan, for instance, harmony with the environment is important. Thus, when attending a flower show, a woman would wear a dress with pastelrather than primary colors to avoid detracting from the beauty of the flowers. And in India people avoid stepping on ants or insects Because they believe in reincarnation and are careful about all forms of life. These practices are outward symbols of deeper values that areinvisible but that pervade everything we think and do.2l,. In Western cultures conversations are often held in close proximity.Z2. Cultural rules of behavior are conditioned {rom early childhood.23. Exposing one's teeth is immodest according to the Japanese culture.24. North Americans choose their life partners based on a set of rules, manners andvalues.25. It is the visible values of culture that pervade everything we think and do.Section {][I: Communication Analysis [40 points]Instructions: The following are three different cases of cross-cultural communication. In each of the cases there is something to be improved upon. Write an analysis on what is to be desired for more successful communication or cultural understanding in each case by answering Questions 26 28 respectively. Your analysis of each case should be 100 150 words. Write your answerson the Answer Sheet.Note! Your writing ability will also be assessed in this section of the test.Case 1 (10 points)I have an American friend. I have invited him to my home several times, and at long lasthe invited me to his home one day. He told me to get there at 3 pm. I thought we could chat and have a meal together. I gave him a Chinese calendar, a woman's scarf and a bottle of Chinese white wire:. He only took out a dish of nuts, a plate of bread and a boule of wine.After two hour's chat, I found there was no hint of a meal and said goo&bye to him. Heonly gave me a box of chocolate as a present for the New Year. After I got home, I found the box had already been opened. 1 was very surprised.Question 26: What surprised me?Case 2 (15 points)Tom, an American, went to a Chinese home for the first time. He was offered some tea. Just when the first cup was about to finish, more tea was added. He drank the secondcup. Then the cup was filled the third time. Then he drank it, then "' until he was quitefull. Tom was totally confused by the way o{ entertaining.Question 27: Why was Tom totally confused?Case 3 (15 points)Study the following two short speeches. One is given by a Hong Kong Chinese and the other by an American businessman.A. Because most of our production is done in China now, and it's not really certain howHong Kong will be like after 1997, and since I think a certain amount of caution incommitting to TV advertisement is necessary because of the expense. So, I suggest that we delay making our decision until after Legeo makes its decision.B. I suggest that we delay making our decision until after Legco makes its decision.That's because I think a certain amount of caution in committing to TV advertisement isnecessary because of the expense. In addition to that, most of our production is done ir,China now, and it's not really certain how Hong Kong will be like after 1997.Question 28:Which speech might be given by the Chinese and which by the American? Give your reasons.试卷代号：1028中央⼴播电视⼤学2006—2007学年度第⼆学期“开放本科”期末考试英语专业跨⽂化交际试题答案及评分标准(供参考)2007年7⽉Section I: Language Appropriacy and Accuracy (30 points, 2 points each. )1. A2. D3. .A4. B 5, D6. A7. A 8, C 9, D 10. A11. B 12. A 13. A 14. A 15. DSection ]]: Reading Comprehension [30 points]Part 1.15 points, 3 points each. 0.5 point off for each grammar/spelling mistake, but at most! point can be deducted for each item for tile grammar/spelling mistakes. The exact wording is not required, but the meaning must be the same. )16. In order to be skillful in cross cultural communication, managers must haveknowledge of each culture they are dealing with,17. The Japanese saw having the contract at the first meeting rude and decided not to dobusiness with such an inept firm.18, Americans defend themselves with legally binding contracts while the Japanese do business with people they know and trust, rarely using the law to handle conflicts between Ihe two parties.19. Because the Americans thought the Japanese were going to reject the offer.20. Consider the proposal silently before giving their decision.Part 2. (15 points, 3 points each. )21. F gg.T 23. T 24. T 25. FSection m: Communication Analysis [40 points]Question 26.Case 1 (10 points, 7 points for the analysis, 3 points for overall language quality. )1)In China, a visit to home always includes a meal. And the guest always brings arelatively rich present to the host. And the present should be well wrapped or untouched.2)In the west, a visit to home only means a meeting, not necessarily including a meal.And the present is treated not as important as it is in China.3)1 acted in a way that was based on Chinese customs, so I felt the American way wasvery interesting (unusual).Question 27.Case 2 (15 points, 10 points for the analysis, 5 points for overall language quality. )1)Traditional Chinese custom requires that during tile course of entertaining, the hosthas to always pour more wine or tea to the guest's glass or cup, and always adds more food to the guest's plate or bowl without asking whether it's wanted.2)Chinese guests know how to respond to this type of hospitality. They simply leave thewine, tea, or food in the container and stop having any more. But Tom, the American guest in the case didn't know this. 3) He followed the politeness rule of his culture: it's not good manners to leave food inone's own plate at a dinner table. Therefore, without any knowledge of the differencesbetween the two cultures, an Ameriean guest would very likely suffer from either drinking or eating too much in such a situation.Question 28.Case 3 (15 points, 10 points for the analysis, 5 points for overall language quality. )1)The message of the two versions is the same but the way it is expressed is different.)The first speech is made by the Chinese. Even though the words and sentences of the speaker are quite clear, it does not seem quite clear what the speaker's main point is.3)The second is wha! the Western people might expect.4)The reason lies in the different discourse patterns between Chinese and English. Thedeductive (topic-first) pattern is prevalent in the West. The Chinese and other Asians favor the inductive (topic delayed) pattern. The Western people are in the habit of directly expressing their ideas, while the Chinese employ an indirect way when presenting theirideas.。

英语专业跨文化交际试题

考试结束后，把试卷和答题纸放在桌上。

试卷和答题纸均不得带出考场。

⼆、仔细阅读题⽬的说明，并按题⽬要求答题。

答案⼀定要写在答题纸指定的位置上，写在试卷上的答案⽆效。

三、⽤蓝、⿊圆珠笔或钢笔答题，使⽤铅笔答题⽆效。

期末英语专业跨文化交际试题试题及参考答案

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