英语考研英美概况模拟题
英美概况模拟试题
《英语国家社会与文化入门》模拟试题及参考答案Part oneFill in the blanks ( 10 points )1.The full name of the United Kingdom is .2.The Good Friday Agreement, known also as , emerged on 10 April 1998.3., the ancestor of the present queen, Elizabeth II, united England under his rulein 829.4.written by Geoffrey Chaucer is often studied by middle school and collegestudents today.5.The Bonfire Night, which is celebrated in November, sometimes is also called .6.Columbus discovered the New World in the year of .7.The Three Faiths in the US refer to Protestant, and Jewish.8.In 1852, a New England woman named Harriet Beecher Stowe wrote a noveltitled , which intensified the political debate on slavery.9.1968 was known in US history as a violent and tragic year in which the great leader of TheCivil Rights Movement: was assassinated.10.The Grand Canyon is carved away for nearly 6 million years by the River. Part twoRead the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statement or question four suggested answers A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question: ( 20 points )1.Franklin Roosevelt’s program for the depression was called .a. Progressivismb. laissez fairec. New Freedomd. New Deal2. The United States did not join the Second World War directly until in December,1941.a. Great Depressionb. Pearl Harbor incidentc. the Japanese attack on Chinad. the German attack on Poland3. From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by OliverCromwell as .a. Lord Protectorb. Lieutenant Generalc. Commander of the New Model Armyd. President4. Ireland is in the of Great Britain.a. eastb. southc. westd. north5. WASPs referred to .a. the mainstream Americansb. Hispanicsc. Asian-Americansd. Blacks6. Lincoln's Emancipation proclamation and the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constitutionformally ended .a. the immigration movementb. the Civil Warc. the slave systemd. the industrialization7. About a hundred years ago, as a result of imperialist expansion, Britain ruled of theworld people and of the world’s land area.a. one thirdb. one fifthc. one fourthd. two fifths8. The Celt’s religion was.a. Teutonic religionb. Christianityc. Druidismd. Buddhism9. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of , keeping themwithin the bounds of the feudal law of the land.a. the Archbishop of Canterburyb. the baronsc. the churchd. the king10. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in the .a. the House of Lordsb. the House of Commonsc. the Privy Councild. the Shadow Cabinet11. The English Renaissance was largely .a. religiousb. ideologicalc. philosophicald. literary12. In the Industrial Revolution, changes occurred earliest and quickest in .a. hardwareb. textilec. potteryd. chemicals13. The Romans led by Julius Caesar launched their first invasion on Britain in .a. 200 B. C.b. 55 B. C.c. 55 A. D.d. 410 A. D14. The Hundred Years’ War started in.a. 1733b. 1453c. 1337d. 135715. Civil Rights Movement happened in .a. the 1960sb. the 1950sc. the 1940sd. the 1930s16. The open declaration of the containment policy was made by on March 12, 1949 ina speech to the joint session of Congress.a. President Rooseveltb. President Kennedyc. General Marshalld. President Truman17. The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament.a. 651b. 1,200c. 1,198d. 76318. About half of the Britain’s trade is with.a. the United Statesb. South-east Asiac. the ECd. the Latin America19. The British recorded history begins with .a. the arrival and settlement of Celtsb. the Norman Conquestc. Roman invasiond. Viking and Danish invasions20. At the beginning of the First World War, the United States pursued a policy of .a. containmentb. neutralityc. pro-Germany partialityd. pro-Ally partialityPart threeRead the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False: ( 20 points )( ) 1. The Bill of Rights is the term for the first twelve amendments to the Constitution.( ) 2. The stock market crash in 1929 was the beginning of a long economic depression in the U. S. ( ) 3. George Washington was the first president of the United States.( ) 4. The system of the parliamentary government of the U.K. is based on a written constitution. ( ) 5. Benjamin Franklin alone drafted the Declaration of Independence, and on July 4, 1776, the Congress adopted the declaration.( ) 6. Britain was the first country to start the Industrial Revolution which contributed to the establishment of the British Empire.( ) 7. The word English means “the language that belongs to the Angles.”( ) 8. The Pennines are known as the “Backbone of England”.( ) 9. The largest lake in Britain is the Lough Neagh Lake in Wales which covers an area of 397 square kilometers.( ) 10. Both the First Continental Congress and the Second Continental Congress were held in Boston.( ) 11. The American Constitution founded feudalism and introduced checks and balances.( ) 12. The national church in Scotland is also the Church of England.( ) 13.Of all the English university Oxford and Cambridge are the most prestigious( ) 14. The House of Lords is now made up of two kinds of Lords: the Lords Spiritual and the Lords Temporal.( ) 15. William, Duke of Normandy, founded a strong fleet which first beat the Danes at sea and he became known as “Father of the British Navy.”( ) 16. Anglo-Saxons in Britain are believed to be ancestors of the Highland Scots, the Irish and the Welsh people.( ) 17. After Margaret Thatcher was elected Britain’s first ever woman prime minister in 1979, she adopted a new program to cure the “British disease”.( ) 18. America Vespucci proved that the land discovered by Columbus was not Indian, but a new continent. As a result, the new continent was named after him and became known as America. ( ) 19. Declaration of Independence was formally adopted by the Continental Congress on July 14, 1776, a day which has been celebrated each year as Independence Day of the United States. ( ) 20. When the news of American victory at Yorktown reached London, the Parliament voted to end the War and peace negotiation began in 1782.Part fourExplain the following terms in English: (10 points)1. The New Deal2. The commonwealth3. checks and balances4. Constitutional monarchy5. PuritanismPart fiveTell what you know about the following in your own words. ( 20 points )1. The Easter Rising2. Class system in British society3. The Bronte sisters4. Counterculture5. The containment policyPart sixWrite between 100-150 words on the following topic: ( 20 points )Cold WarKeys:Part one:1.the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland2.the Belfast Agreement3.King Egbert4.The Canterbury Tales5.Guy Fawkes Night6.14927.Catholic8.Uncle Tom’s Cabin9.Martin Luther King10.ColoradoPart two:1~5dbaca 6~10cccdb 11~15dbbca 16~20daccbPart three:1~5 FTTFF 6~10 TTTFF 11~15 FFTTT 16~20 FTTFTPart four:1.It refers to a series of measures taken by Franklin Roosevelt in 1932 to prevent the possiblecollapse of the American economic and political system.2.The Commonwealth is a voluntary association of states which is made up mostly of formerBritish colonies. There are 50 members of the Commonwealth: many of these are developing countries like India and Cyprus: others are developed nations like Australia, Canada and New Zealand. The Commonwealth was set up as a forum for continued cooperation and as a sort of support network.3.Each of the three branches of the government——the legislative, the executive and thejudicial——has part of the powers but not all the power. Each branch can check, or block, the actions of the other branches. The three branches are thus in balance. This is called “checks and balances”.4. A constitutional monarchy is a county in which head of the state is a king or a queen. Inpractice, the Sovereign reigns, but does not rule. In English history, constitutional monarchy was established after Glorious Revolution in 1688.5.Puritans were those who followed the doctrine of John Calvin and wanted to purify theChurch of England. They believe that human beings were predestined by God before they were born. Some were God’s chosen people while others were damned to hell. No church nor good works could save people. The sign of being God’s elect was the success in his work or the prosperity in his calling. They also argued that everyone must read the Bible in order to find God’s will and establish direct contact with God. These beliefs had great impact on American culture.Part five:1.In order to gain independence, different Irish groups had been fighting against the Britishinstitutions and the British military forces. One such activity was the Easter Rising which took place in 1916. the rebels occupied Dublin’s Post Office and Forced the British to take it back by military force. The leaders of the rebellion were executed by the British authorities.2.The class system does exist in British society. Most of the British population would claimthemselves to be either of middle-class or working-class, though some people would actually belong to the upper middle-class or lower middle-class. Class divisions are now simply economic, they are cultural as well. People of different classes may differ in the kind of newspapers they read, in the way they speak and in the kind of education they receive. One of the distinctive features about the British class system is that aristocratic titles can still be inherited.3.Perhaps the most famous literary family I British history are the Bronte sisters, who wereinfluenced by the Romantic Movement. Charlotte, Emily and Ann were daughters of the vicar of a village church in Yorkshire. Although they were poor, they were educated and respectable. In their short lives, they didn’t produce much, but their works are among the best-loved novels in English: Charlotte Bronte’ s Jane Eyre and Emily’s Wuthering Heights 4.In the wake of the Free Speech Movement and the New Left, there appeared a phenomenonthat historians called “counterculture”. The counterculture rejected capitalism and other American principles. They had morals different from those taught by their parents. Some groups of youth tried to construct different ways of life. Among the most famous were the hippies. They sought new experience through dropping out, and drug taking. But it was music, rock music in particular, that became the chief vehicles for the counter culture assault on the traditional American society. The counterculture exerted a great influence upon people’s attitudes toward social morals, marriage, career and success.5.The US put into effect the containment policy in the late 1940s. by containment, the Us meantthat it would use whatever means, including military force, to prevent the Soviet Union form breaking out of its sphere of influence. In order to contain communism, the US fought two wars in Asia: the Korean War and the Vietnam War.Part six:Some historians say that the world entered Cold War immediately after the Second World War ended. The conflicts arose basically from the separate concepts of postwar world order. The United States, relying on its large economic and military strength, tried to play the role of world police under the pretext of fighting against the Soviet expansion. The Soviet Union put forward the theory that there could be no long-term peaceful coexistence between socialism and capitalism and the Soviet Union should rapidly build up its strength for the final struggle against capitalism, represented by the United States and Britain. Cold War was characterized by international tension and conflicts without bloody “hot war” between the Soviet Union and the United States. Cold War did not end until after the collapse of Berlin Wall in 1989.。
英美概况试题及答案考研
英美概况试题及答案考研
1. 英国的首都是哪个城市？
答案：伦敦。
2. 美国的独立日是每年的哪一天？
答案：7月4日。
3. 英国的官方语言是什么？
答案：英语。
4. 美国的首都是哪里？
答案：华盛顿特区。
5. 英国的货币单位是什么？
答案：英镑。
6. 美国的货币单位是什么？
答案：美元。
7. 英国的现任君主是谁？
答案：伊丽莎白二世女王。
8. 美国的现任总统是谁？
答案：[此处填写当前日期的美国现任总统姓名]。
9. 英国最大的城市是哪一个？
答案：伦敦。
10. 美国最大的城市是哪一个？
答案：纽约市。
11. 英国的面积大约是多少？
答案：约243,610平方公里。
12. 美国的面积大约是多少？
答案：约9,525,067平方公里。
13. 英国的人口大约是多少？
答案：约6,600万。
14. 美国的人口大约是多少？
答案：约3.3亿。
15. 英国的国花是什么？
答案：玫瑰。
16. 美国的国花是什么？
答案：玫瑰。
17. 英国的国鸟是什么？
答案：红胸鸲。
18. 美国的国鸟是什么？
答案：白头海雕。
19. 英国的国歌是什么？
答案：《天佑女王》。
20. 美国的国歌是什么？
答案：《星条旗》。
英美概况模拟题及其答案4
第一部分（客观题，共40分）I. Directions: Read the following unfinished statements or uestions carefully .For each unfinished statement or q uestion four suggested answers A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question. Then, mark your answer by blackening the corresponding letter on the answer sheet. (25% )1. Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the _______ and the North Sea in the east.A. eastB. southC. westD. north2. The first known settlers of Britain were _______.A. the JutesB. the CeltsC. the SaxonsD. the Iberians3. The English Civil War is also called ______.A. the Puritan RevolutionB. the second Magna CartaC. the Long ParliamentD. the Anglican War4. The Tories were the forerunners 0f _______ , which still bears the nickname today.A. the Labour PartyB. the Liberal PartyC. the Social Democratic PartyD. the Conservative Party5. In Britain only _______ of the population are farmers but they manage 7O% of the land area.A. 2%B. 3%C. 4%D. 5%6. Which of the following Statements is NOT true about the Prime Minister in Britain?A. He is appointed by the Queen.B. He is Minister for the Civil Service.C. He sits in the House of Commons.D. He receives ￡88,292 a year.7. London's Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of _______ .A. the Lord ChancellorB. the Home SecretaryC. the Attorney GeneralD. the Prime Minister8. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the National Health Service?A. It Provides for every resident a full range of medical services.B. It is administered by the central government.C. Its emergency ambulances are available for doctors' urgent calls.D. It has suffered from under funding in recent decades.9. There are some _______ universities in the United Kingdom, including the Open University.A. 75B. 80C. 85D. 9O10. Ireland is divided into two political parts: _______ .A. Northern Ireland and southern IrelandB. Southern Ireland and the Republic of IrelandC. the Republic of Ireland and Northern IrelandD. Northern Ireland and Britain11. The Grand Canyon in north-western _______ is one of nature's most impeessive sights.A. UtahB. ArizonaC. NevadaD. Idaho12. The first immigrants in American history came from _______ .A. England and GermanyB. England and IrelandC. England and the NetherlandsD. England and Spain13. The United States went to war with _______ in 1812, the last war fought between these two countries.A. BritainB. FranceC. SpainD. Mexico14. In 1932, in the depth of the depression, the American people chose _______ as theirnext president who promised a "new deal" to get America out of depression.A. TheodoreB. Franklin D. RooseveltC. Woodrow WilsonD. Herbert Hoover15. Martin Luther King, Jr., a young black clergyman, became a national leader of the _______ Movement.A. BoycottB. Civil RightsC. SegregationD. Integration16. The cultivated land in the U.S. makes up _______ of the total land, and people who are engaged in farming make up only 2.7% of the total population.A. 21%B. 31%C. 41%D. 51%17. The Constitution of the United States provides that _______ shall be President of the Senate.A. the Secretary of StateB. the Chief JusticeC. the PresidentD. the Vice President18. The typical organizational pattern for elementary and secondary schools in the United States is that of _______ .A. classified schoolsB. vocational schoolsC. graded schoolsD. public schools19. In the 1920s, Black Literature developed into an upsurge which has come to be known as _______ .A. the Manhattan RenaissanceB. the Harlem RenaissanceC. the Black RevivalD. the African-American Rebirth20. Of all the symbols, _______ , which are considered to represent fertility and new life: are those most frequently associated with Easter.A. the pumpkin and the turkeyB. the lamb and the beefC. the spring peas and the potatoesD. the egg and the rabbit21. Canada was divided Into Upper Canada (English speaking) and Lower Canada (French speaking) in _______ and they were united again in _______ .A. 1791/1840B. 1775/1791C. 1840/1867D. 1775/186722. Canada's early economic development was founded on _______ .A. resource industriesB. heavy industriesC. light industriesD. manufacturing industries23. What law made French the offical language in Canada's Quebec?A. The Official Language Act.B. The Charter of the French Language in Quebec.C. The Meech Lake Accord.D. The new Canadian Constitution.24. The Canadian population is chiefly characterized by _______ .A. its sizeB. its growthC. its linguistic dualityD. its French origins25. Australia has always been a continent with few people mainly because _______ .A. Australia is too far away fram EuropeB. Australia is the least mountainous and most level of the world's continentsC. Australia is separated from the rest of the world by seasD. most of the continent is hot and dryII. Directions: Read each of the following statements carefully and see if it is true or false .Blacken A if you think it is true or B if you think it is false on your answer sheet. Blackening C、D or E is useless. (15% )26.Britain became a world leader in shipbuilding during the middle of the 20th century.27. The Queen is the center of much of the nation's ceremonial and, by ancient tradition, the leader of society.28.The Lord Chancellor recommends the High Court and circuit judges, the recorders and the 76 metropolitan and stipendiary magistrates.29.The social security system in Britain is designed to secure a basic standard of living for people in financial need.30.The Open University in Britain is a non-residential university based in London.31. Since the 1960s, manufacturing has become the mainstay of the Irish economy.32. Although tobacco is grown in many countries, the United States is the World's biggest producer and user of this profitable crop.33.The Supreme Court is the highest court of the United States and is the only organ which has the power to interpret the Constitution.34. Higher education in the United States began with the founding of University of Michigan in 1636.35. Mark Twain's real name was Samuel Langhorne Clemens and he was born and brought up in the small town of Hannibal, Missouri, on the Mississippi River.36. Before World War II, it was customary for each community to hold veteran's parades and public ceremonies in the U.S.A.37. Canada, a self-governing member of the Commonwealth of Nations, is a federation of 15 provinces and two territories.38. British explorers had a good knowledge of animals, the seasons and all aspects of Australia.39. In January 1940 Australian troops first sailed for overseas theatres of war, and in the next two years they fought with the British against the Germans and Italians in northern Africa, the Middle East and Mediterranean.40. New Zealanders take a community approach to problems, but at the same time they are very proud of being independent and self-reliant.第二部分（主观题，共60分）III. Directions: For each of the following blanks, only one word is suitable. Write the word in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (25%)●The capital of the Republic of Ireland is (1) ________ , and the capital of NorthernIreland is (2) ________ .●The English Renaissance was largely (3) ________ and its finest exponents were Christopher Marlowe, Ben Jonson and William (4) ________ .●The Whigs were the forerunners of the (5) ________ Party while the Tories were the forerunners of the (6) ________ party of England.●Most of Britain's oil reserves are thought to be under the (7) ______ (8) ______.●British Parliament consists of the Sovereign, the House of (9) _____ and the House of (10) ______.●The United Kingdom is a (11) ______ mo narchy, it began in the (12) _______th century.●In the United Kingdom, in criminal trials by jury, the (13) ______ passes sentence but the (14) _______ decides the issue of guilt or innocence.●Britain is regarded as a (15) _______ state. The term applies mainly to the National (16) ______Service, national insurance and social security.●In the United Kingdom, education is compulsory for all between the ages of (17) ______ and (18) ________.●The British national newspapers can be divided into two groups: national (19) _____ and national(20) ________.●The most important lakes in the United States are the (21) _____ Lakes, they are all located between(22) ______ and the United States except Lake Michigan.●In respect of population, (23) ______ (24) _______ is the biggest city in the United States.●The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the U.S. is the (25) _______, who were first brought to North America as (26) ______ in 1619.●Counterculture in 1960s was a mo vement of (27) ________ against the moral values, the aesthetic (28) _______ and the personal behavior.●American government is divided into three branches: the legislative, the (29) ______ and the (30) ________, each has part of the powers but not all the power.●Formal education in the United States consists of elementary, (31) _________ and (32) _______ education.●The first British settlers in Canada were (33) _______ refugees who refused to fight against the British army in the War of American Independence. They called themselves (34) ________.●It is assumed that the first Europeans who reached Australia's shores were the (35) ________ and Portuguese, whom were followed by the (36) _______ and then the English.●In the 1950s, there was a boom in Australia's economy and people's living standard was high, so Australia was called "the (37) _______ (38) ________" in that period.●In World War II, Australia declared war on Japan immediately after Japan bombed the U.S. naval base at (39) _______ (40) _________.●The main feature of Australia's trade is that it has always involved the exchange of (41) ________ materials for (42) ________ products.●The basic structure of Australian government is based on both the (43) ______ and (44) _______ models.●New Zealand has two main islands. They are (45) ________ Island and (46) ______ Island.●New Zealand is a sovereign independent state with a parliamentary (47) ________ and a constitutional (48) _______.●The official lang uages in New Zealand are (49) ________ and (50) _______.IV. Directions: Explain the following terms in English. Write your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (15%)1. Black Death2. The Gunpowder Plot3. Ulysses4. The Puritans5. the Axis powersV. Directions: Give a brief answer to each of the following questions. Write your answer in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (12%)1. What happened in the four-day London smog in 1952?2. What does IBM stand for? What is the corporation's main product?3. When is "Trick or treat" played and what does it mean?4. What is special about the Kiwi, a national symbol of New Zealand?VI. Directions: Write between 100-15O words on the following topic in the corresponding space on your answer sheet. (8%)Describe briefly the size and location of the United States of America.参考答案一，选择题（每小题1分，共25分。
英语考研英美概况模拟题
Political System1. The British Monarchy is hereditary2. The Constitutional Monarchy started at the end of the __17th __ century.3. The __ Crown _ is used as a symbol of the whole nation and is described as the representative of the people.4. The oldest part of British Parliament is _ the House of Lords ___.5. The decision making organ in British Parliament is __ the Cabinet __.6. The life of Parliament is fixed at ___ five _ years.7. The House of Commons consists of _651___ members who are elected from the _651____ electoral districts.8. The titles of the lords, such as Duke, Marquis, Earl, V iscount and Baron, are __ hereditary __.9. The quorum in the House of Commons is ___ forty _ members.10. The _ British government _ _____ is the supreme administrative institution.11. The __ Cabinet is the core of leadership of the British government.12. The Privy Council was established in the 15th century when __ Henry V __ was on the throne.13. Not until ___1937 _ could the cabinet have a legal basis.14. The number of the cabinet members varies, being generally about ___20 __.15. The president (or head) of the House of Lords in Britain is __ Lord Chancellor __.16. ___ The Labour Party _ was formed by the trade unions, cooperatives, the Social Democratic Federation, the Independent Labour Party and the Fabian Society in 1900.17. It is the _ Prime Minister __ who organizes the Cabinet and presides over its meetings.18. The Shadow Cabinet is organized by the _ Opposition ___.19. London, because of its special location, is divided into _32____ boroughs and the city of London.20. “The Morning Star” is the official paper of the ___ Communist Party __.21. The following persons except ___ criminals _ have no right to vote.22. In England and Wales, the jury consists of ___ twelve _ people in criminal and civil cases.23. Legally any citizen aged from ___18__ to __65___ who has never been sent to prison can be a member of the jury.24. The head of the police force of a county, etc. is called _ Chief Constable __.25. A __ barrister ___ appointed to act for the State is called Queen’s Counsel.26. Now the House of Lords can prevent a bill from passing into a law for __ one year _.27. The High Court of Justice includes the following divisions except _ the Criminal Division _.28. During the Civil War, the supporters of the King and the Church were known as _ Loyalists _.I. Fill in the Blanks1. The present sovereign is __ Queen Elizabeth II ___ _____.2. Elizabeth II came to the throne on Feb. 6th, _ 19523. The vital power lies in the ___ Prime Minister __ _____, and his/her cabinet.4. The __ Crown ___ is the only legal and constitutional link binding the members of the Commonwealth to the home country and to one another.5. The British Parliament consists of three elements – the _ Crown ____, the House of __ Lords ___, and the House of _ Commons ____.6. The British legislature is _ Parliament ____.7. The official head of Parliament is the _ Queen ____.8. The House of Commons appeared in late __13th___ century.9. The government cannot legally spend any money without the permission of he House of _ Commons ____.10. Each year the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the minister of __ finance ___ presented the Budget.11. The House of Lords is also called the _ Upper ____ House12. The Lords and the Commons share the same building of the __ Westminster Palace ___ _____.13. By passing the two acts in _1911____ and __1949___, the House of Lords has no power to prevent the passing of legislation approved by the House of Commons.14. In terms of the nature of cases, we can divide the courts into two systems: the __ Lords ___ Courts and the __ Criminal ___ Courts.15. The ___ jury __’s job is deciding whether the accused person is guilty or innocent in the light of evidence.16. In Scotland the jury consists of ___15__ people in criminal cases, __12___ in civil cases in the High court of Justice and ___ Court __ in civil cases in the County Court.17. The Metropolitan (London) police is the under the direct responsibility of the __ Home Secretary ___ _____.18. The headquarters of the London police is the famous __ Scotland Y ard___ _____.II. Explain the Following Terms1. The Cabinet2. The Speaker3. Poor LawIII. Answer the Following Questions1. Can you say something about the English Monarchy?2. Which are the major parties in Britain? What are the characteristics of them?。
(完整版)英语考研英美概况模拟题及答案
英语考研英美概况模拟题American Survey Test地理1. The _____ part of America consists of high plateaus and mountains formed by the Great Cordillera Range.A. easternB. westernC. northeastern2. In eastern _____ lies Death Valley, 85 metres below sea level.A. CaliforniaB. UtahC. Arizona3. In the west of the _____ lie the Colorado Plateaus and the Columbia Plateaus.A. Rocky MountainB. Coast RangeC. Cascades Mountains4. The _____ lies between the Colorado Plateaus and Columbia PlateausA. Great BasinB. Colorado ValleyC. Great Plains5. The famous Yellowstone National Park is situated in northwestern part of _____.A. CaliforniaB. ArizonaC. Wyoming6. The world-known Colorado Valley lies in northern _____, which is cut by the Colorado River.A. ArizonaB. UtahC. Montana7. Among the five Great Lakes, only _____ is wholly within the United States.A. ErieB. SuperiorC. Michigan8. Only the climate in the southern part of _____ is tropical.A. FloridaB. GeorgiaC. Virginia9. Washington, the capital of the US, is on the _____ river.A. PotomacB. DelawareC. St. Laurence10. The width of the Niagara Fall is about _____ metres and the drop average _____ metres.A. 1650, 50B. 1240, 49C. 1540, 4911. _____ part is the most densely populated region in America.A. The southernB. The northeasternC. The western12. The Great Salt Lake lies in northern _____.A. IdahoB. ArizonaC. NevadaD. Utah13. _____ has been called the “cradle of American Liberty”.A. PhiladelphiaB. PlymouthC. Boston14. About _____ of the world’s annual agricultural products come from the United States.A. halfB. one thirdC. two thirds15. The highest mountain in the U.S. is Mount _____.A. AppalachianB. MekinleyC. Rocky16. Mount Mekinley lies in the _____ Range.A. Sierra NevadaB. CascadesC. Alaska17. The two largest Chinatowns are located in the following cities except _____.A. New YorkB. San FranciscoC. Miami18. The world’s largest freshwater lake is Lake _____.A. SuperiorB. OntarioC. Victoria19. The world-famous Niagara Falls lie between lakes of _____.A. Erie and MichiganB. Erie and OntarioC. Superior and Haron20. _____ of the America’s territory is covered with forests.A. 1/4B. 1/5C. 1/321. Texas, having belonged to _____, was annexed by the U.S. in 1845.A. FranceB. RussiaC. Mexico22. Hawaii is in the _____ Ocean.A. AtlanticB. IndianC. Pacific23. The American black population consists of _____ of the total population.A. 1/10B. 1/5C. 1/924. _____ is the largest state in area in the U.S.A.A. FloridaB. LouisianaC. Alaska25. The United States today is the _____ largest country in size in the world.A. thirdB. fifthC. fourth26. About half of the total population is concentrated in the following areas except _____.A. Atlantic CoastB. Pacific CoastC. NorthwestD. around the Great LakesE. Gulf of Mexico27. There are _____ river systems in the U.S.A.A. 8B. 3C. 628. Detroit is famous for the production of _____.A. automobileB. timberC. bamboo29. The City St. Louis in America is called the gateway towards the _____.A. EastB. WestC. NortheastD. Southwest30. The city _____ is given the nickname “Space City of U.S.A.”.A. BostonB. HoustonC. San Francisco31. The _____ were the original inhabitants in America.A. blacksB. IndiansC. Puerto Ricans32. The steel and iron industries are mainly distributed around the city of _____, providing _____ percent of the total output each year.A. Pittsburgh, 60B. Chicago, 50C. New York, 6033. The largest industrial city in America is _____.A. ChicagoB. BostonC. Houston34. Only the climate in the southwestern part of Florida belongs to _____.A. subtropicalB. continentalC. tropical35. ¬_____ is famous for many stores and shops.A. Wall StreetB. BroadwayC. Fifth Avenue36. In _____ people can find the historical spot, the Independence National Historical Park.A. PhiladelphiaB. St. LouisC. San Francisco37. Boston is situated in Boston Bay, _____.A. MaineB. MassachusettsC. Connecticut38. The Columbia River and the Colorado River belong to the system of _____.A. the GulfB. the AtlanticC. the PacificI. Fill in the blanks1. The United States is situated in the _____ part of _____ America.2. The U.S. is bounded by _____ on the north and by _____ and the Gulf of Mexico on the south.3. To the west of America lies the _____ Ocean.4. To the east of America lies the _____ Ocean.5. The seat of the American Federal Government is the District of _____.6. The _____ part is made up of the highlands formed by the Appalachian Range.7. The famous _____ National Park is located in the northwestern part of Wyoming.8. The western part of the central plain is also called the “_____ _____”.9. The Mississippi River flows from the _____ lakes to the Gulf of _____.10. The lowest point in the whole of North America is _____ _____.11. The world-known _____ _____ lies in northern Arizona, which is cut by the Colorado River.12. The largest island salt lake in North America is the _____ _____ Lake.13. The United States includes _____ states and a _____ district, the District of Columbia.14. The Declaration of Independence was first read on July 4th, _____.15. The two main tributaries of the _____ River are the Missouri River and the Ohio River.16. The five Great Lakes lie between the boundary of _____ and the United States.17. Through the middle of the country, north and south, runs a line which is known as the _____ _____ _____ _____.18. The South region in America has in general, a warm climate. People often call it the “_____ _____”.19. The largest state, _____, is famous for its glacier, waterfall and ripples.20. There rises the tendency of shifting the centre of industries from the _____ to the _____.21. The famous _____ _____ is known as the financial centre, the symbol of the American monopoly capitalism.22. _____ is the centre of theatres in America.23. The nickname of Pittsburgh is the _____ and _____ City.24. _____ is the second largest in population in the U.S.25. The two youngest states are _____ in the northeastern part of America and _____ in the central Pacific.26. Most of the inhabitants in the U.S. are of _____ origin.27. Negro slaves were first brought to America at the beginning of the _____ century.28. The Death Valley is _____ metres below sea level.29. The population of the United States is about _____ million.30. The Statue of Liberty Island in _____ _____ harbour.31. _____ _____ is the base of the Pacific Fleet of the U.S.A.32. _____ _____ is the smallest state in size and the most densely populated state of the U.S.A.33. From a geographical point of view, the fifty states are grouped into _____ regions.34. The nickname of Houston City is _____ _____.35. _____ became the fiftieth state of the United States in 1959.36. _____ _____ is the longest and the most important river in the system of Gulf.37. The Library of Congress is in the city of _____.38. New England is located in the _____ corner of the country.39. The area of the Pacific coast is known for its growth of fruits, vegetables and wheat, especially in _____.40. The Middle Atlantic Region is marked by its industry. It is often called the _____ Northeast.II. Explain the Following Terms1. “The backbone of the continent”2. melting potIII. Answer the Following Questions1. Give a brief presentation of the U.S. economy.2. Why is Detroit famous?英语考研英美概况模拟题美国地理部分答案：Part II. BAAAC ACAAB BDAAB CCABA CCACC CBABB BAACC ABCII.1. central, north Canada, Mexico Pacific Atlantic Columbia eastern Yellowstone Great Plains Great, Mexico Death Valley Colorado Valley Great Salt 50, federal 1776 Mississippi Canada 50 centimetre Rainfall Line Sunny South Alaska Southwest Wall Street Broadway Iron, Steel Chicago Alaska, Hawaii European 17th 85 240/256 New York Pearl Harbour Rhode Island 8 Space City Hawaii Mississippi River Washington northeastern California IndustrialPart II 历史I. Multiple Choice1. The history of the U.S. is generally agreed to have begun in _____.A. 1620B. 1607C. 17762. The following states are among the first thirteen colonies except _____.A. MarylandB. South CarolinaC. DelawareD. Colorado3. _____ was the first man who sailed around the earth.A. John CabotB. MagellanC. BalboaD. Cartier4. The colonial life can be described as the following except _____.A. simpleB. easyC. roughD. hard5. The Stamp Act was passed in _____ and was repealed in _____.A. 1765, 1766B. 1764, 1765C. 1763, 17646. The First Continental Congress was held in _____ in September, 1774.A. PhiladelphiaB. BostonC. New York7. The American War of Independence started in _____ and ended in _____.A. 1776, 1784B. 1775, 1783C. 1706, 17148. Washington won the great victory on December 26, 1776 in _____.A. GettysburgB. PittsburghC. Trenton9. The battle of _____ marked the turning point of the War of Independence.A. New YorkB. SaratogaC. Bunker Hill10. On October 19th, 1781, the British General Cornwallis and his 7,000 men surrendered at _____.A. YorktownB. BostonC. Charleston11. The Constitutional Convention was held in 1787 to revise _____.A. The Articles of the ConfederationB. Bill of RightsC. Civil Rights12. The first ten amendments, known as _____, were added to the Constitution in 1791.A. the Bill of RightsB. the ArticlesC. Civil Rights13. After the Federal Government was established, the city _____ was chosen as the capital for the time being.A. WashingtonB. New YorkC. Philadelphia14. The pamphlet “Common Sense” was written by _____.A. Thomas EdisonB. Thomas PaineC. Thomas Jefferson15. The Second President John Adams adopted a high-handed policy which was called _____.A. the “Intolerable Acts”B. Un-American ActivitiesC. the Sedition Act16. The greatest contribution made by President Thomas Jefferson was his _____.A. abolishing the Sedition ActB. reducing taxesC. purchasing Louisiana from France17. The Second Anti-English War broke out in _____ and ended in _____. The U.S. won the war.A. 1812, 1814B. 1813, 1815C. 1814, 181618. As the result of the U.S.-Mexican War, nearly _____ of the entire territory of Mexico was lost.A. 1/4B. 1/2C. 1/319. In 1844 the U.S. forced the Chinese Government to sign the first unequal treaty of _____.A. WangxiaB. NanjingC. Tianjin20. The Articles of Confederation was accepted by all the _____ states in _____.A. 50, 1781B. 13, 1781C. 13, 178721. _____ was chosen as the capital for the time being in Washington’s administration.A. New YorkB. ChicagoC. Boston22. It was _____ who advanced four plans which met bitter criticisms from many people.A. Alexander HamiltonB. Thomas JeffersonC. George Washington23. _____ was the first American President who was inaugurated in the city of Washington.A. John AdamsB. Thomas JeffersonC. James Madison24. The War with England between 1812 and 1814 happened during the administration of President _____.A. James MadisonB. James MonroeC. John Adams25. The _____ stopped the Holy Alliance’s program, and prevented the European countries from extending their influence.A. Monroe DoctrineB. Sedition ActC. Holy Alliance26. _____ was the first president who developed the power of veto into one of the means of making laws.A. John AdamsB. Andrew JacksonC. Andrew Johnson27. _____ made slavery possible in the new territories such as in Kentucky and Nebraska.A. Douglas BillB. Monroe DoctrineC. Sedition Act28. During the Civil War Lincoln issued the _____, which declared the abolition of slavery.A. Homestead BillB. Emancipation ProclamationC. Both A and B29. The Battle of _____ was the turning point of the American Civil War.A. Bull RunB. GettysburgC. Richmond30. The first imperialist war took place between the U.S. and _____ in 1898.A. BritainB. FranceC. Spain31. The first American President from the Republic Party is _____.A. Abraham LincolnB. Andrew JohnsonC. Thomas JeffersonD. George Washington32. In 1918 President _____ issued the “Fourteen Points”.A. Woodrow WilsonB. William H. TaftC. Theodore RooseveltD. Warren G. Harding33. Haymarket Massacre took place in _____ in May 1886.A. New YorkB. ChicagoC. Washington34. In 1894, the American industrial production held the _____ place in the world.A. firstB. secondC. third35. McCarthy was notorious for his harsh _____ persecution of the progressive people.A. religiousB. spiritualC. political36. The Ku Klux Klan was the most notorious terrorist society which persecuted the _____.A. blacksB. IndiansC. progressive people37. On August 14, 1914, the U.S. and Britain issued a joint communiquécalled _____.A. the Teheran DeclarationB. the Atlantic CharterC. the Washington Proclamation38. In Sino-American relations Theodore Roosevelt exercised the so-called “_____”, invading China by means of both force and culture.A. Open Door PolicyB. Big StickC. Douglas Bill39. The First World War broke out on July 28th, _____ and ended on November 11th, _____, lasting for about four years.A. 1913, 1917B. 1914, 1918C. 1915, 191940. The two military alliances during WWI were the _____ and the _____.A. Axis, AlliesB. Holy Alliance, AxisC. Central Powers, Allies41. The assassination of a(n) _____ prince, Arch Duke Fedinand, served as the direct fuse for the outbreak of WWI.A. AustraliaB. BelgiumC. Austria42. Altogether _____ countries became involved in or were dragged into WWI.A. 33B. 38C. 3943. The frequent emergence of the economic crisis in the U.S.A. led to the following disastrous effects except _____.A. inflationB. the rise of pricesC. the decrease of populationD. the decrease of the purchasing capacity44. In April 1945 a conference was held at _____ to organize the United Nations.A. San FranciscoB. New YorkC. Philadelphia45. _____ countries attended the conference of the foundling of the UN.A. 48B. 47C. 4546. At the _____ Conference, the heads of the Soviet Union, the U.S. and Britain discussed the problem of opening the second battlefield in Europe.A. YaltaB. TeheranC. Casablanca47. In July 1945, Britain, the U.S. and the Soviet Union met at Potsdam to formulate an occupation policy and set up a program for the future of Germany. The meeting was the famous _____ Conference.A. CairoB. TeheranC. PotsdamD. Quebec48. The two fighting sides in WWII were _____.A. the Allies and the Axis (powers)B. the Axis and Holy AllianceC. the Central Powers and the Allies49. The _____ was the treaty signed at Versailles, near Paris in France in 1919.A. Paris TreatyB. Versaills TreatyC. Teheran Treaty50. The meeting was held at Yalta in the Crimea of the Soviet Union in Feb, 1945. At the meeting many matters were discussed, including the final defeat of Germany, the demilitarization of Germany, the founding of the U.N. etc., this was the famous _____ Conference.A. YaltaB. TeheranC. Potsdam51. The Communist Party of the US was founded in _____.A. 1920B. 1918C. 191952. The U.S. Communist Party was re-established in 1945 with _____ as its general secretary.A. LevestoneB. William FosterC. Earl Browder53. The Great Depression of _____ to shook the US and the whole capitalist world to its foundations.A. 1929, 1933B. 1933, 1937C. 1924, 192954. The programme of 1947 that America would offer its money supplies and machinery to any European nation that wished to participate in was called _____.A. Eisenhower DoctrineB. Marshall PlanC. Truman Doctrine55. The _____ broke out in June 1950 and ended in the summer of 1953.A. Vietnam WarB. Cold WarC. Korean War56. In April 1949 twelve nations established the NATO to coordinate the military actions of member nations against the _____.A. GermanyB. JapanC. Soviet Union57. The Second World War broke out in September, _____ and ended in August _____.A. 1939, 1945B. 1937, 1943C. 1938, 194558. After WWII there emerged a new balance of power between _____ and _____.A. the Allies, the Axis PowersB. the USSR, the USAC. the old capitalist countries, the new ones59. There occurred _____ economic crises from the end of WWII to the middle of the 1970’s.A. sixB. fiveC. seven60. The President Franklin D. Roosevelt proposed a policy called _____ to save the economic situation.A. Good NeighbourB. the Open Door PolicyC. the New Deal61. The Battle of _____ took place in 1942 and it was the turning point of the Pacific area.A. Midway IslandB. BritainC. Normandy62. In Feb. _____ came President Nixon’s historic visit to China.A. 1979B. 1972C. 197363. In 1953, _____ ended in the failure of the U.S.A. the Korean WarB. the Vietnam WarC. the US-Spanish War64. On December 7th, 1941, the base of the American Pacific Fleet, Pearl Harbour, was suddenly attacked by the _____ air force and navy.A. SpanishB. FrenchC. Japanese65. The original Union consists of _____ at the time of its independence.A. 13B. 50C. 4866. The first thirteen states of the US mainly located _____ seaboard.A. the easternB. the westernC. the northern67. _____ appointed many of the colonial governors.A. The English KingB. the local governmentC. the local people68. The Declaration of Independence was drafted by a committee including _____ ashead.A. George WashingtonB. Thomas JeffersonC. both A and B69. _____ was the British king when colonial Americans declared their independence.A. King George IB. King George IIIC. King George II70. In 1945 a conference was held in _____ to found the United Nations.A. San FranciscoB. ChicagoC. New York71. President Nixon visited China in _____.A. 1973B. 1974C. 197272. _____ was the only American president who was re-elected three times in succession.A. Theodore RooseveltB. George WashingtonC. FranklinD. Roosevelt D. Thomas Jefferson73. The city’s name“Philadelphia” means _____.A. brotherly loveB. fishing pitC. philosophy1. It was _____ who first discovered the America in 1492.2. The New World was named after _____ Vespucci.3. _____ was the first man who sailed around the earth.4. The Indians living in America are all _____ skinned and dark-haired.5. The War of _____ broke out in 1775 and ended in 1783.6. The First World War broke out on July 28th in _____.7. In 1620 some English Puritans sailed to Plymouth on a ship called _____.8. On July 4th, 1776, the document called the Declaration of _____ was accepted by the American Congress.9. The first English colony was _____.10. Lexington Fire was the _____ of the War of Independence.11. In 1803 the United States purchased Louisiana from _____.12. The U.S.- _____ War broke out in 1898.13. The Great Depression of 1929 - _____ shook the United States and the whole capitalist world to its foundation.14. The _____ _____ policy went into effect by the spring of 1947 when Truman Doctrine came forth.15. The Confederate Union of America consisted of _____ southern states.16. During the Civil War Lincoln took two important measures, one was the _____ _____, the other was the _____ _____.17. By the end of _____ century, the U.S. had become the most powerful country in the world.18. The U.S. bought the area of Alaska from _____ in 1867.19. The Constitution Convention lasted _____ weeks from May to September, _____.20. The Constitution drawn up at the end of Independence War is called the _____ of the Confederation.21. The Constitution of _____ established the dictatorship of the America bourgeoisie big capitalists and big slave owners.22. The bourgeois democratic personages headed by Thomas Jefferson, were opposedto the Constitution. They were called _____.23. The people, headed by John Hamilton, who supported the Constitution of 1787, were called _____.24. During Washington’s administration Thomas Jefferson was appointed _____ of _____.25. The war with England between 1812-1814 was called the Second _____ of _____.26. President John Q. Adams was the son of the _____ president, John Adams.27. The forming of the _____ Alliance was to suppress the South American revolution.28. Andrew Jackson was the first president who developed the power of _____ into one of the means of making laws.29. The first great tide from 1840 to 1860 in America was the _____ movement.30. The famous novel “_____ _____ _____” by Mrs Stowe aroused a great and universal hatred for slavery.31. A man named _____ _____ began a rising which aimed at solving the slavery trouble by force.32. In _____ the first group of English colonists came to America.33. From 1863 to 1867 _____ Reconstruction dominated the reconstruction of the south.34. With the passage of the military Reconstruction Act in March 1867 the power of Reconstruction of the south passed from president to the _____.35. The most notorious society which mainly persecuted the blacks was _____ _____ _____.36. The _____ _____ Conference in 1919 was in fact a meeting to divide the spoils and redivide the old colonies.37. The _____ Conference was the constitution of the Paris Peace Conference.38. The _____ post-war economic crisis occurred from 1973 to 1975 was the most serious crisis.39. The Communist Party of China sent _____ _____ _____ to attend the Conference of the founding of U.N. and signed the charter.40. The _____ Declaration was published at the Cairo Conference.41. The main force of the Japanese United Fleet was destroyed by America in the _____ _____ Battle.42. The _____ World War was a destructive war and an anti-fascist war.43. The _____ Programme was successfully carried out in 1969 and two American astronauts landed on the moon.44. After WWII the _____ _____ emerged on the scene and containment of Communism became the basis of the American foreign policy.45. The source of WWII in Europe came from _____.46. The direct cause that the U.S. entered WWII was the Japanese sudden raid of the US’s naval base at _____ _____.47. In 1939 Germany first launched the lightening attack on _____ and England and _____ then declared war on Germany.48. The dropping of the two atom bombs by America forced _____ to surrenderunconditionally.49. The second post-war crisis occurred during 1953 and 1954 was caused by the _____ War.50. It was president _____ who moved toward improving relations with China.51. America participated in the Second World War in the year _____.52. In _____ China and U.S.A. normalized their relationship.53. The outstanding leader of the Civil Rights Movement was _____ _____ _____.54. _____ _____ uprising in 1859 helped the outbreak of the Civil War.55. “I know not what course others may take, but for me, give me liberty or give me death.” This was said by _____ _____.II. Define the Following Terms1. The Boston “Tea Party”2. The Westward Movement3. The Civil Rights Movement4. The Atlantic Charter5. The “Open Door Policy”6. The Cairo Declaration7. The Marshall PlanIII. Answer the Following Questions1. Please say something about the American War of Independence, including its cause, process and significance.2. What success did Washington’s administration achieved?3. Abraham Lincoln is usually regarded as the fulfilment of the “American Dream”. Why?4. What was Roosevelt’s role in the Second World War?英语考研英美概况模拟题美国历史部分答案：Part III. BDBBA ABCBA AABBC CABAB AABAA BABBC AABAC ABABC CBCAA BCABA CBABC CABAC ABACA AABBA CCAII.1. Columbus Amerigo Magellan red Independence 1914 Mayflower Independence Virginia prelude France Spanish 1933 Cold War 11 Homestead Bill, Emancipation Proclamation 19th Russia 13, 1787 Articles 1787 anti-federalist Federalists Secretary, State War, Independence second Holy veto Westward Uncle Tom’s Cabin John Brown 1607 Presidental Congress Ku Klux Klan Paris Peace Washington sixth deputy Dong Biwu Cairo Midway Island Second Apollo Communist Party Germany Pearl Harbour Poland Japan Korean Nixon 1941 1979 Martin Luther King John Brown Patrick Henry。
英美概况模拟试题
英美概况模拟试题单项选择Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished statem ent or question four suggested answers A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question: (20 points)1. The Bill of Rights is the term for the first amendments to the Constitution.a. ten B. eleven c. twelve d. thirteen2. The President of the United States is head of the branch.a. legislativeb. executivec. judiciald. party3. The Emancipation Proclamation was issued by during the Civil War.a. George Washingtonb. Abraham Lincolnc. Thomas Jeffersond. Franklin Roosevelt4. The 1920s in the United States has been described as a period of .a. cultural revivalb. loss of purposec. development in science and technologyd. material success and spiritual frustration5. It was who first called Native Americans “Indians”.a. Lincolnb. Columbusc. Washingtond. Jefferson6. The United States did not join the Second World War directly untila. Great Depressionb. Pearl Harbor incidentc. the Japanese attack on Chinad. the German attack on Poland7. When we speak of “father of waters” or “old man river”, we are referring to .a. the Colorado River b . the Ohio Riverc. the Missouri Riverd. the Mississippi River8. Celts were different groups of ancient people who came originally from .a. Franceb. Denmarkc. Irelandd. Germany9. The Declaration of Independence was adopted by the Continental Congress on July 4, .a. First/1774b. First /1776c. Second/1774d. Second/177610. The British recorded history begins with .a. the arrival and settlement of Celtsb. the Norman Conquestc. Roman invasiond. Viking and Danish invasions11. The predecessor of the English parliament is .a. the Great councilb. the Witanc. the House of Plantagenetd. Magna Carta12. Civil Rights Movement happened in .a. the 1960sb. the 1950sc. the 1940sd. the 1930s13. The , the backbone of the North American continent, is also known as the Continental Divide.a. Appalachiansb. Rockiesc. Blue Ridge Mountainsd. Great Smokies14. To help the British East India Company out of difficulty, the British government allo wed thecompany to sell at a lower price in the colonies through its own people.a. coffeeb. spicec. silkd. tea15. About half of the Britain’s trade is with .a. the United Statesb. South-east Asiac. the ECd. the Latin America16. The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament.a. 651b. 1,200c. 1,198d. 76317. Most Americans lived in .a. city areasb. countrysidec. mountain areasd. river valleys18. The British Parliament has a maximum duration of years.a. fourb. sixc. eightd. five19. Of the five Great Lakes on the border between Canada and the United States,is the only one entirely in the U. S.a. Lake Huronb. Lake Ontarioc. Lake Michigand. Lake Erie20. The Chartist Movement was officially launched at a great meeting in Birmingham in , with theaim of pressing the Parliament to accept the People’s Charter.a. 1836b. 1838c. 1840d. 1842二．是非题Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False: ( 20 points)( )1. The Articles of Confederation is the oldest written constitution in the world. ( ) 2. America is a name given by Columbus.( ) 3. The United Kingdom is a federal, not a unitary state.( ) 4. The Anglo-Saxon Conquest was important in English history because it laid the fou ndationon which the English nation was to be formed.( ) 5. To the west of Great Britain is the second largest island known as Scotland. ( ) 6. The checks and balance system in America was based on division of power. ( ) 7. London, the capital of the UK, is situated on the Severn River near its mouth. ( ) 8. The Great Charter was signed in 1215 by King John.( ) 9. James I was the king who was executed during the English Bourgeois Revolution. ( ) 10. The Chartist Movement finally succeeded and it constituted a glorious page in the history ofthe workers’ struggle for liberation.( ) 11. Grammar schools emphasize academic studies and teach a wide range of subjects. ( )12. Members of Parliament (MPs) are those who inherit the noble titles.( ) 13. British people chose Franklin Roosevelt as Prime Minister in 1940 when the W.W. II brokeout.( ) 14. Henry VII was responsible for the founding the Church of England.( ) 15. The destruction of the Spanish Armada not only established the position of Englan d as amajor sea power but also paved the way for its foreign expansion.( ) 16. It was the Angles who gave their name to England and the English people. ( ) 17. The first successful English colony in North America was planted in Virginia in 16 20.( ) 18. The Wars of the Roses affected the ordinary people very much.( ) 19. The Queen formally appoints all government office holders except the Prime Mini ster.( ) 20. The Hundred Y ear’s War refers to the intermittent war between France and Englan d thatlasted from 1337 to 1453.三Explain the following terms in English: (20 points) 1. The Great Depression 2. Industr ial Revolution 3. Melting Pot 4. Black Death5. American Constitution 四．简答题Give an one-sentence answer to each of the following questions. (10 points) 1. When was the Second War with England in American history? 2. What are the two major pol itical parties in Britain? 3. What is the general climate in Britain?4. Which American president was involved in Watergate Affair?5. What is the most i mportant river in Britain? 五．论述题Write between 100-150 words on the following topic: (10 points) Norman Conquest a nd its influence? Key to Model 1英美概况模拟试题（一）一．1~5 abbdb 6~10 bdddc 11~15 aabdc 16~20aadcb 二．1~5 FFFTF 6~10 TFTFF 11~15 TFFFT 16~20TFFFT 三．1．On October 24, 1929, the American stock market crashed. Billions of dollars of pa per profits were wiped out within a few hours. This led to a long economic depression .2. The Industrial Revolution refers to the mechanization of industry and the conseque nces in social and economic organization in Britain in the late 18th and early 19th cen turies. Britain was the first country to industrialize. The Industrial Revolution in Britai n first began in the textile industry.3. Since the United States is a nation of many ethnic groups, it is also known as a “m elting pot,” meaning immigrants from different nations all over the world have mixed to make up the American nation.4. Black Death was the modern name given to the deadly bubonic plague, an epidemicdisease spread by rat fleas. It spread through Europe in the 14th century. It swept thro ugh England in the summer of 1348 without warning. It killed many people. As a resu lt of the plague, much land was left untended and there was a terrible shortage of labor .5. The Constitution of the United States is the basic instrument of American governme nt and the supreme law of the land. It is the oldest written constitution in the world. It was drawn up in 1787 and went into effect in 1789. It founded federalism and introdu ced checks and balances into government for the first time in history. 四．1. The Second War between America and England was during 1812~1814.2. The two major political parties in Britain are Conservative Party and Labor Party.3. Britain enjoys maritime climate.4. Richard Nixon was involved in Watergate Scandal.5. The most important river in Britain is Thames River. 五．In 1066 the army of William, Duke of Normandy, defeated King Harold’s troops. He was crowned King of England. He then built a string of defense castle en sure his military control of the whole country. This is the Norman Conquest in British history. After the Norman Conquest, William the Conqueror confiscated almost all the land and gave it to his Norman followers. He replaced the weak Saxon rule with a str ong Norman government. So the feudal system was completelyestablished, England. Relations with the Continent were opened. The civilization and commerce were extended. Norman-French culture, language, manners, and architectur e ere introduced.英美概况模拟试题（二）.zhuangsir. 2003-7-20 庄舍茶馆一．单项选择题Read the following unfinished statements or questions carefully. For each unfinished s tatement or question four suggested answers A, B, C and D are given. Choose the one you think best completes the statement or answers the question: ( 20 points ) 1. Frankl in Roosevelt’s program for the depression was called . a. Progressivism b. laissez faire c. New Free dom d. New Deal2. The United States did not join the Second World War directly until in December, 1941. a. Great Depression b. Pearl Harbor incidentc. the Japanese attack on Chinad. the German attack on Poland3. From 1649 to 1658 England was called a Commonwealth. It was ruled first by Oliv er Cromwell as .a. Lord Protectorb. Lieutenant Generalc. Commander of the New Model Armyd. President 4. Ireland is in the of Great Britai n. a. east b. south c. west d. north 5. WASPs referred to .a. the mainstream Americansb. Hispanicsc. Asian-Americansd. Blacks6. Lincoln's Emancipation proclamation and the Thirteenth Amendment to the Constit ution formally ended .a. the immigration movementb. the Civil Warc. the slave systemd. the industrializati on7. About a hundred years ago, as a result of imperialist expansion, Britain ruled one fo urth of the world people and of the world’s land area.a. one thirdb. one fifthc. one fourthd. tow fifths 8. The Celt’s religion was .a. Teutonic religionb. Christianityc. Druidismd. Buddhism9. The spirit of the Great Charter was the limitation of the powers of , keeping them w ithin the bounds of the feudal law of the land.a. the Archbishop of Canterburyb. the baronsc. the churchd. the king10. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in the . a. the House of Lords b. the House of Commons c. the Privy Council d. the Shadow Cabinet 11. The English Rena issance was largely .a. religiousb. ideologicalc. philosophicald. literary12. In the Industrial Revolution, changes occurred earliest and quickest in . a. hardware b. textile c. pottery d. chemicals13. The Romans led by Julius Caesar launched their first invasion on Britain in .a. 200B. C.b. 55 B. C.c. 55 A. D.d. 410 A. D. 14. The Hundred Years’ War started in . a. 1733 b. 1453 c. 1337 d. 135715. Civil Rights Movement happened in .a. the 1960sb. the 1950sc. the 1940sd. the 1930s16. The open declaration of the containment policy was made by on March 12, 1949 i n a speech to the joint session of Congress.a. President Rooseveltb. President Kennedyc. General Marshalld. President Truman17. The House of Commons consists of Members of Parliament. a. 651 b. 1,200 c. 1, 198 d. 76318. About half of the Britain’s trade is with . a. the United States b. South-east Asia c. the EC d. the Latin America19. The British recorded history begins with .a. the arrival and settlement of Celtsb. the Norman Conquestc. Roman invasiond. Vi king and Danish invasions20. At the beginning of the First World War, the United States pursued a policy of .a. containmentb. neutralityc. pro-Germany partialityd. pro-Ally partiality 二．是非题Read the following statements carefully and decide if each of them is True or False: ( 20 points ) ( ) 1. The Bill of Rights is the term for the first twelve amendments to the Constitution.( ) 2. The stock market crash in 1929 was the beginning of a long economic depressio n in the U. S. ( ) 3. George Washington was the first president of the United States. ( ) 4. The system of the parliamentary government of the U.K. is based on a written co nstitution. ( ) 5. Benjamin Franklin alone drafted the Declaration of Independence, an d on July 4, 1776, the Congress adopted the declaration.( ) 6. Britain was the first country to start the Industrial Revolution which contributedto thewenku.baidu./view/c25b7d0bf78a6529647d53a5.html外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第1页）（共2页）外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第2页）（共2页）III. Read the following sentences carefully and then decide whether they are true or fa lse: （每题2分，共20分）( ) 1. Half of the U.S. population lives in the western metropolitan centers.( ) 2. America was names after Amerigo Vespucci, who arrived on the new continent after Columbus. ( ) 3. Many American people approved of the Vietnam War.( ) 4.On March 19, 2003, American and United Nation’s troops, supported by several other countries,began an invasion of Iraq.( ) 5. Bill of Rights was written into the Constitution in 1787. ( ) 6. Like Britain, the United States has a two-party system. ( ) 7. America is the world’s largest industrial nation.( ) 8. Thanksgiving Day falls on the fourth Tuesday in November.( ) 9. Canada is the second largest country in the world in terms of territory. ( ) 10. C anada was the first country in the world to allow same-sex marriage. IV. Give the bri ef answer to the following questions: （每题2分，共10分）1. What is the full name of America?2. Who is the American President now?3. What are the two main parties in America?4. Who is the Prime Minister of Australia now?5. What animal and bird is Australia famous for?V. Fill in the following blanks: （每题2分，共20 分)Benjamin FranklinRip Van Winkle Nathaniel HawthorneMoby Dick Mark TwainThe Portrait of a Lady Theodore DreiserThe Old Man and the Sea Saul BellowDeath of a SalesmanVI. State your understanding of the following question and topic in about 100 words （共10 分)What was the cause of the American Civil War?外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期答题纸英美概况题号 IIIIIIIVVVI外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第1页）（共2页）外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第2页）（共2页）I. Multiple Choice: （每题1分，共20分）1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 1011． 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. 19. 20. II. Translate the special ter ms into Chinese: （每题2分，共20分）1. 2. 3. 4. 5.6. 7 8. 9. 10 III. Read the following sentences carefu lly and then decide whether they are true or false: （每题2分，共20分）1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. 9. 10 IV. Give the brief answer to the foll owing questions: （每题2分，共10分）1. 2. 3. 4. 5.V．Fill in the blanks: （每题2分，共20 分)Benjamin FranklinRip Van Winkle Nathaniel HawthorneMoby Dick Mark TwainThe Portrait of a Lady Theodore DreiserThe Old Man and the Sea Saul BellowDeath of a SalesmanVI. State your understanding of the following question:（共10 分)外语系2006级专科2008-2009学年第一学期答案英美概况题号 IIIIIIIVVII. Multiple Choice:（每题1分，共20分）1. a2. b3. b4. c5. d6. d7. b8. c9. c 10 a11. b 12. a 13. c 14. c 15. b 16. b 17. a 18. b 19. c 20. d外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第1页）（共2页）外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第2页）（共2页）II. Translate the special terms into Chinese: （每题2分，共20分）（1. 不列颠群岛2. 苏格兰方格呢短裙3. 圣保罗大教堂4. 英王詹姆士钦定版《圣经》5．威斯敏斯特教堂 6. 司法制度 7. 沙漠风暴行动 8.枢密院 9. 国会议 10 内政大臣 III.Read the following sentences carefully and then decide whether they are true o r false: （每题2分，共20分）1. F2. T 3 . F 4. T 5. F 6. T 7 T 8. F 9. F 10 T IV. Give the brief answer to the following questions: （每题2分，共10分）1. The United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland2. She promoted furthe r industrial revolution, the building of railways and the growing of trade and commerce.3. The Central Powers and the Allied Powers.4. Gordon Brown.5.The Conservative Party and the Labour Party.V．Fill in the blanks: （每题2分，共20 分)Thomas Moore UtopiaDaniel Defoe Robinson Crusoe Charles Dickens A Tale of Two Cities Jane Austen Pri de and Prejudice Emily Bronte Wuthering Heights Thomas Hardy The Return of the Native D. H. Lawrence Sons and LoversOscar WildeThe Picture of Dorian GrayT.S. Eliot The Waste Land Virginia Woolf To The LighthouseVI． Answer the question: （每题10分，共10分）The Industrial Revolution changed Britain in many ways. First, industrial productivity increased dramatically. Britain became the most advanced industrial country and also the financial center in the world. Second, urbanization took place. Many new cities sp rang up . Third, it caused great changes in the class structure. The old social classes de clined, and new ones emerged and developed.外语系2006级专科2008-2009学年第一学期答案英美概况题号 IIIIIVVI. （20分）The United States “is not merely a nation but a nation of nations”. The immigrants came in waves, including the Europeans, the Africans and the Asians. Therefore, Ame rica was described as “a melting pot” where variousracial and ethnic groups were combined into one culture. Recently, American have be en called a “salad” in that people of different races and ethnic groups mix harmonio usly but at the same time keep their distinct culture and custom.外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第1页）（共2页）外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第2页）（共2页）II. (20分)The issue of slavery was the focus of American politics, economics and cultural lif e by the mid-19thcentury. The Southern planters needed a large number of laborers to manage their plan tations and they regarded the black slaves as their property. In the North, with the dev elopment of industry, there was a growing demand for free labor. What’s more, the Northerners demanded a law protecting tariffs and asked the government t o finance the building of railways and roads, but the Southerners were strongly agains t it and advocated free trade so that they could purchase cheaper goods from foreign c ountries. The accumulating conflicts led to the division of the North and the South an d finally the Civil War. III. (共20分)Benjamin Franklin Poor Richard’s Almanac Washington Irving Rip Van Winkle Nathaniel Hawthorne The Scarlet Lett er Herman Melville Moby DickMark Twain The Adventure of Tom Sawyer Henry James The Portrait of a Lady T heodore Dreiser Sister CarrieEarnest Hemingway The Old Man and the Sea Saul Bellow Dangling Man Arthur Miller Death of a SalesmanIV. （20分）There are two main reasons that attract immigrants to Australia. One is the Australian immigration policy and tradition. Australia has a great international reputat ion for its diversity and tolerance. It accepts and respects the right of all people to exp ress and share the individual cultural heritage. It emphasizes the equality of all people in the labor market and social life. The other is Australia’s good natural and living environment.V．（20 分）The Treaty of Waitangi was signed in 1840 by representatives of British Crown andchiefs of the indigenous Maori people, making New Zealand a British colony. Accord ing to the treaty, the Chief of the Maori people gave the Queen of Britain guaranteed t o protect all the Maori people and give them the same rights and duties of citizenship as British subjects. The Treaty of Waitangi is also known as New Zealand’s founding document, and it marked the beginning of Modern New Zealand.外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期答案英美概况题号 IIIIIIIVVVII. Multiple Choice: （每题1分，共20分）1. c2. a3. c4. a5. b6. d7. d8. a9. b 10. b11． b 12. d 13. c 14. c 15. d 16. b 17. b 18. c 19. a 20. c II. Translate t he special terms into Chinese: （每题2分，共20分）1.阿巴拉契亚山脉2. 夏威夷坚果3. 长崎4. 弹劾5. 五角大楼6. 中央情报局7. 初选8. 美国有线新闻网9. 点数制度 10. 残奥会III. Read the following sentences carefully and then decide whether they are true or fa lse: （每题2分，共20分）外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第1页）（共2页）外语系2007级本科2008-2009学年第二学期英美概况答题纸（第2页）（共2页）1. F2. T3. F4. F5. F6. T7. T8. F9. T 10 F IV. Give the brief ans wer to the following questions: （每题2分，共10分）1. The United States of America.2. Barak Obama3. The Democratic Party and the Republic Party.4. Kevin Rudd5. Kangarro and kiwi bird.V．Fill in the blanks: （每题2分，共20 分)Benjamin Franklin Poor Richard’s Almanac Washington Irving Rip Van Winkle Nathaniel Hawthorne The Scarlet Lett er Herman Melville Moby DickMark Twain The Adventures of Tom Sawyer Henry James The Portrait of a Lady T heodore Dreiser Sister CarrieEarnest Hemingway The Old Man and the Sea Saul Bellow Dangling Man Arthur Miller Death of a Salesman. ..VI. State your understanding of the following question:（共10 分)The issue of slavery was the focus of American politics, economics and culturallife by the mid-19th century. The Southern planters needed a large number of laborers to manage their plantations and they regarded the black slaves as their property. In the North, with the development of industry, there was a growing demand for free labor. What’s more, the Northerners demanded a law protecting tariffs and asked the government t o finance the building of railways and roads, but the Southerners were strongly agains t it and advocated free trade so that they could purchase cheaper goods from foreign c ountries. The accumulating conflicts led to the division of the North and the South an d finallz。
英美概况练习题
英美概况练习题英美概况练习题1. The highest mountain in Britain is ____.A. ScafellB. Ben NevisC. the CotswoldsD. the Forth2. The longest river in Britain is _____.A. the ClydeB. the MerseyC. the SevernD. the Thames3. The largest lake in Britain is _____.A. the Lough NeageB. Windermere WaterC. Coniston WaterD. the Lake District4. Which part of Britain is always fighting?A. EnglandB. ScotlandC. WalesD. Northem Ireland5. The immigrants coming to Britain are mainly from _____.A. EuropeB. the United StatesC. AfricaD. the West Indies,6. The first inhabitants in Britain were _____.A. the NormansB. the CeltsC. the IberiansD. the Anglo-Saxons7. British Recorded history began with _____.C. the Viking and Danish invasionD. the Anglo-Saxons invasion8. In 829, _____ actually became the overlord of all the English.A. JohnB. James IC. EgbertD. Henry I9. Christmas Day ____, Duke William was crowned in Westminster Abbey.A. 1056B. 1066C. 1006D. 106010. Henry II was the first king of the _____ dynasty.A. WindsorB. TudorC. MalcolmD. Plantagenet11. In 1265 ____ summoned the Great Council, which has been seen as the earliest parliament.A. Henry IIIB. the PopeC. BaronsD. Simon de Montfort12. The Hundred Years’ war started in ____ and ended in ____, in whichthe English had lost all the territories of France except the French port of ____.A. 1337, 1453, FlandersB. 1337, 1453, CalaisC. 1346, 1453, ArgencourtD. 1346, 1453, Brest13. The Wars of Roses lasted for _____ years and king _____ was replaced by king _____.A.30, Richard III, Henry TudorB. 50, Richard III, Henry TudorB. C. 30, Richard I, Henry Tudor D. 50, Richard I, Henry Tudor14. The Renaissance began in ____ in the early ____ century.A. England, 14D. Italy, 1515. The English Civil War is also called _____.A. the Glorious RevolutionB. the Bloody RevolutionC. the Catholic RevolutionD. the Puritan Revolution16. In _____, a small group of Puritans sailed from _____ in the Mayflower to be the first settlers in the North America.A. 1620, LondonB. 1620, PlymouthC. 1720, LondonD. 1720, Plymouth17. In the 18th century, there appeared ____ in England, which owed a great deal to the invention of machines.A. the Industrial RevolutionB. the Bourgeois RevolutionC. the Wars of the RosesD. the Religious Reformation18. English colonial expansion began with the colonization of _____ in 1583.A. CanadaB. AustraliaC. IndiaD. Newfoundland19. _____ was famous for his abdication because of his marriage with a divorced American:A. Edward VIIIB. Edward VIIC. George VID. George VII20. In January _____ Britain became a member of the European Economic Community.A. 1957B. 1967C. 1973D. 197921. soon after _____, Britain not only gave up its econmic hegemony but also suffereda deep loss of its position of industrial leadership.A. 1900C. the Second World WarD. 196022. In the 1970s among the developed countries, Britain maintained the lowest _____ rate and the highest _____ rate.A. inflation, growthB. growth, inflationC. growth, divorceD. growth, birth23. The following are all reasons of British decline of coal industry except _____.A.the exhaustion of old minesB. costly extractionB. C. little money being invested D. the labour shortage24. Britain’s foreign trade is mainly with _____.A. developing countriesB. other Commonwealth countriesC. other developed countriesD. EC25. The House of Lords is presided over by _____.A. the Lord ChancellorB. the QueenC. the Archbishop of CanterburyD. the Prime Minister26. A General Election is held every _____ years and there are _____ members of Parliaments are elected.A. five, 600B. five, 650C. five, 651D. four, 65127. The Prime Minister is appointed by _____ and he or she always sits in _____.A. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of CommonsB. the Archbishop of Canterbury, the House of LordsC. the Queen, the House of CommonsD. the Queen, the House of Lords28. The ultimate authority for law-making resides in _____.A. the QueenB. the CabinetD. the House of Commons29. The sources of British law include _____.A. statutes, common law, equity law and European Community lawB. statutes, common law and equity lawC. statutes, common law and European Community lawD. a complete code and statutes30. In criminal trials by jury, _____ passes sentenced and _____ decide the issue of guilt or innocence.A. the judge, the juryB. the judge, the judgeC. the jury, the juryD. the Lord Chancellor, the jury选择题第⼆类：1. Britain is separated from the rest of Europe by the English Channel in the _______ and the North Sea in the east.A. eastB. southC. westD. north2. The first known settlers of Britain were _______.A. the JutesB. the CeltsC. the SaxonsD. the Iberians3. The English Civil War is also called ______.A. the Puritan RevolutionB. the second Magna CartaC. the Long ParliamentD. the Anglican War4. The Tories were the forerunners 0f _______ , which still bears the nickname today.A. the Labour PartyB. the Liberal PartyC. the Social Democratic PartyD. the Conservative Party5. In Britain only _______ of the population are farmers but they manage 7O% of the land area.A. 2%C. 4%D. 5%6. Which of the following Statements is NOT true about the Prime Minister in Britain?A. He is appointed by the Queen.B. He is Minister for the Civil Service.C. He sits in the House of Commons.D. He receives ￡88,292 a year.7. London's Metropolitan Police Force is directly under the control of _______ .A. the Lord ChancellorB. the Home SecretaryC. the Attorney GeneralD. the Prime Minister8. Which of the following statements is NOT true about the National Health Service?A. It Provides for every resident a full range of medical services.B. It is administered by the central government.C. Its emergency ambulances are available for doctors' urgent calls.D. It has suffered from under funding in recent decades.9. There are some _______ universities in the United Kingdom, including the Open University.A. 75B. 80C. 85D. 9O10. Ireland is divided into two political parts: _______ .A. Northern Ireland and southern IrelandB. Southern Ireland and the Republic of IrelandC. the Republic of Ireland and Northern IrelandD. Northern Ireland and Britain11. The Grand Canyon in north-western _______ is one of nature's mostimpeessive sights.A. UtahB. ArizonaC. NevadaD. Idaho12. The first immigrants in American history came from _______ .B. England and IrelandC. England and the NetherlandsD. England and Spain13. The United States went to war with _______ in 1812, the last war fought between these two countries.A. BritainB. FranceC. SpainD. Mexico14. In 1932, in the depth of the depression, the American people chose _______ as theirnext president who promised a "new deal" to get America out of depression.A. TheodoreB. Franklin D. RooseveltC. Woodrow WilsonD. Herbert Hoover15. Martin Luther King, Jr., a young black clergyman, became a national leader of the _______ Movement.A. BoycottB. Civil RightsC. SegregationD. Integration16. The cultivated land in the U.S. makes up _______ of the total land, and people who are engaged in farming make up only2.7% of the total population.A. 21%B. 31%C. 41%D. 51%17. The Constitution of the United States provides that _______ shall be President of the Senate.A. the Secretary of StateB. the Chief JusticeC. the PresidentD. the Vice President18. The typical organizational pattern for elementary and secondary schools in the United States is that of _______ .A. classified schoolsB. vocational schoolsC. graded schoolsA. the Manhattan RenaissanceB. the Harlem RenaissanceC. the Black RevivalD. the African-American Rebirth20. Of all the symbols, _______ , which are considered to represent fertility and new life: are those most frequently associated with Easter.A. the pumpkin and the turkeyB. the lamb and the beefC. the spring peas and the potatoesD. the egg and the rabbit21. Canada was divided Into Upper Canada (English speaking) and Lower Canada (French speaking) in _______ and they were united again in _______ .A. 1791/1840B. 1775/1791C. 1840/1867D. 1775/186722. Canada's early economic development was founded on _______ .A. resource industriesB. heavy industriesC. light industriesD. manufacturing industries23. What law made French the offical language in Canada's Quebec?A. The Official Language Act.B. The Charter of the French Language in Quebec.C. The Meech Lake Accord.D. The new Canadian Constitution.24. The Canadian population is chiefly characterized by _______ .A. its sizeB. its growthC. its linguistic dualityD. its French origins25. Australia has always been a continent with few people mainly because _______ .A. Australia is too far away fram EuropeB. Australia is the least mountainous and most level of the world's continentsC. Australia is separated from the rest of the world by seasII．填空题第⼀类1. Ceographically speaking, the north and west of Britain are _highlands, while the east and south-east are mostly lowlands.2. Welsh is located in the _ west of Great Britain.3. The ancestors of the English Anglo-Saxons, while the Scots, Welsh and Irish the _ Celts.4. In the mid-5th century, three Teuronic tribes Jutes, Saxons, and Angles invaded Britain. Among them, the Angles gave their name to English people.5. The battle of Hastings witnessed the death of Harold in October, 1066.6. Under William, the feudal system in England was completely established.7. The property record in William’s time is known as Domesday Book, which was compiled in 1086.8. Thomas Becket’s grave became a place of pilgrimage in and beyond chaucer’s time after he was murdered.9. Black Death was the deadly bubonic plague, which reduced England’s population from four million to two million by the end of the 14th century.10. One of the consequences of the Uprising of 1381 was the emergence of a new class of yeomen farmers.填空题第⼆类●The capital of the Republic of Ireland is (1) Dublin, and the capital of Northern Ireland is (2) Belfast.●The English Renaissance was largely (3) literay and its finest exponents were Christopher Marlowe, Ben Jonson and William (4) Shakespeare.●The Whigs were the forerunners of the (5) Liberal Party while the Tories were the forerunners of the (6) Conservative party of England.●Most of Britain's oil reserves are thought to be under the (7) North (8) Sea.●British Parliament consists of the Sovereign, the House of (9) Lords and the House of (10) Commons.●The United Kingdom is a (11) constitutional monarchy, it began in the (12) 9 th century.●In the United Kingdom, in criminal trials by jury, the (13) judge passes sentence but the (14) jury decides the issue of guilt or innocence.●Britain is regarded as a (15) welfare state. The term applies mainly to the National (16) Health Service, national insurance and social security.●In the United Kingdom, education is compulsory for all between the ages of(17) 5 and (18) 16.●The British national newspapers can be divided into two groups: national (19) dailies and national (20) Sundays.●The most important lakes in the United States are th e (21) Great Lakes, they are all located between (22) Canada and the United States except Lake Michigan.●In respect of population, (23) New (24) Y ork is the biggest city in the United States.●The largest of the racial and ethnic minorities in the U.S. is the (25) blacks, who were first brought to North America as (26) slaves in 1619.●Counterculture in 1960s was a movement of (27) revolt against the moral values, the aesthetic (28) standards and the personal behavior.●American government is divided into three branches: the legislative, the (29) executive and the (30) judicial, each has part●The first British settlers in Canada were (33) Amercian refugees who refused to fight against the British army in the War of American Independence. They called themselves (34) Loyalists.●It is assumed that the first Europeans who reached Australia's s hores were the(35) Spanish and Portuguese, whom were followed by the (36) Dutch and then the English.●In the 1950s, there was a boom in Australia's economy and people's living standard was high, so Australia was called "the(37) lucky(38) country" in that period.●In World War II, Australia declared war on Japan immediately after Japan bombed the U.S. naval base at (39) Pearl (40) Harbor.●The main feature of Australia's trade is that it has always involved the exchange of (41) raw materials for (42) finished products.●The basic structure of Australian government is based on both the (43) British and (44) American models.●New Zealand has two main islands. They are (45) North Island and (46) South Island.●New Zealand is a sovereign independent state with a parliamentary (47) government and a constitutional (48) monarchy.●The official languages in New Zealand are (49) English and (50) Maori.1. the Hardian’s Wall: It was one of the two great walls built by the Romans to keep the Picts out of the area they had conquered.Alfred the Great Alfred was a strong king of the wise men. It was created by the Anglo-Saxons to advise the king. It’s the basis of the Privy Council which still exists today.William the Conqueror William was Duke of Normandy. He landed his army in Oct, 1066 and defeated king Harold. Then he was crowned king of England on Christmas Day the same year. He established a strong Norman government and the feudal system in England.the battle of Hastings In 1066, King Edward died with no heir, the Witan chose Harold as king. William, Duke of Normandy, invaded England. On October 14, the two armies met near Hasting. After a day’s battle, Harold was killed and his army completely defeated. So this battle was very important on the way of the Roman conquest.Domesday Book Under William, the feudal system was established. William sent officials to compile a property record known as Domesday Book, which completed in 1086. It was the result of a general survey of England made in 1085. It stated the extent, value, the population, state of cultivation, and ownership of the land. It seemed to the English like the Book of doom on Judgment Day.How did the Labor Party come into being? —— As the new working class became established in the industrial towns in the late 18th century, they became aware of the power which they could possess if they acted together instead of separately. So various working class organizations were formed which brought about the formation of the Labor Party. The Labor Party had its origins in the Independent Labor Party, which was formed in January, 1893 and Led by Keir Hardie, a Scottish miner. The foundation of an effective party for labor depended on the trade unions. In 1900, representatives of trade unions, the ILP, and a number of small societies set up theLabor Representation Committee (LRC). The LRC changed its name to be Labor Party in time for the general election which was called for 1906. The Labor Party remains one of the two major parties in Britain until today.12. What is a constitutional monarchy?When did it begin in Britain? ——A constitutional monarchy is a governmental system in which the head of State is a king or a queen who reigns but does not rule. The country is namely reigned by the Sovereign, but virtually by His or Her Majesty’s Government —— a body of Ministers who are the leading members of whichever political party the electorate has voted into office, and who are responsible to Parliament. The Constitutional Monarchy in Britain began in 1689, when king William and Queen Mary jointly accepted the Bill of Rights, which guaranteed free speech within both the House of Lords and the House of Commons and constitutional monarchy, of a monarchy with power limited by Parliament began.13. What is the role of the Monarchy in the British government?——The sovereign is the symbol of the whole nation. In law, he/she is head of the executive, an integral part of the legislature, head of the judiciary, the commander-in-chief of all the arme d forces of the crown and the “supreme governor” of the established church of England.。
概况模拟题(六)美国地理
英语考研英美概况模拟题（六）美国部分地理American Survey Test地理1. The _____ part of America consists of high plateaus and mountains formed by the Great Cordillera Range.A. easternB. westernC. northeastern2. In eastern _____ lies Death V alley, 85 metres below sea level.A. CaliforniaB. UtahC. Arizona3. In the west of the _____ lie the Colorado Plateaus and the Columbia Plateaus.A. Rocky MountainB. Coast RangeC. Cascades Mountains4. The _____ lies between the Colorado Plateaus and Columbia PlateausA. Great BasinB. Colorado V alleyC. Great Plains5. The famous Y ellowstone National Park is situated in northwestern part of _____.A. CaliforniaB. ArizonaC. Wyoming6. The world-known Colorado V alley lies in northern _____, which is cut by the Colorado River.A. ArizonaB. UtahC. Montana7. Among the five Great Lakes, only _____ is wholly within the United States.A. ErieB. SuperiorC. Michigan8. Only the climate in the southern part of _____ is tropical.A. FloridaB. GeorgiaC. V irginia9. Washington, the capital of the US, is on the _____ river.A. PotomacB. DelawareC. St. Laurence10. The width of the Niagara Fall is about _____ metres and the drop average _____ metres.A. 1650, 50B. 1240, 49C. 1540, 4911. _____ part is the most densely populated region in America.A. The southernB. The northeasternC. The western12. The Great Salt Lake lies in northern _____.A. IdahoB. ArizonaC. NevadaD. Utah13. _____ has been called the “cradle of American Liberty”.A. PhiladelphiaB. PlymouthC. Boston14. About _____ of the world’s annual agricultural products come from the United States.A. halfB. one thirdC. two thirds15. The highest mountain in the U.S. is Mount _____.A. AppalachianB. MekinleyC. Rocky16. Mount Mekinley lies in the _____ Range.A. Sierra NevadaB. CascadesC. Alaska17. The two largest Chinatowns are located in the following cities except _____.A. New Y orkB. San FranciscoC. Miami18. The world’s largest freshwater lake is Lake _____.A. SuperiorB. OntarioC. V ictoria19. The world-famous Niagara Falls lie between lakes of _____.A. Erie and MichiganB. Erie and OntarioC. Superior and Haron20. _____ of the America’s territory is covered with forests.A. 1/4B. 1/5C. 1/321. Texas, having belonged to _____, was annexed by the U.S. in 1845.A. FranceB. RussiaC. Mexico22. Hawaii is in the _____ Ocean.A. AtlanticB. IndianC. Pacific23. The American black population consists of _____ of the total population.A. 1/10B. 1/5C. 1/924. _____ is the largest state in area in the U.S.A.A. FloridaB. LouisianaC. Alaska25. The United States today is the _____ largest country in size in the world.A. thirdB. fifthC. fourth26. About half of the total population is concentrated in the following areas except _____.A. Atlantic CoastB. Pacific CoastC. NorthwestD. around the Great LakesE. Gulf of Mexico27. There are _____ river systems in the U.S.A.A. 8B. 3C. 628. Detroit is famous for the production of _____.A. automobileB. timberC. bamboo29. The City St. Louis in America is called the gateway towards the _____.A. EastB. WestC. NortheastD. Southwest30. The city _____ is given the nickname “Space City of U.S.A.”.A. BostonB. HoustonC. San Francisco31. The _____ were the original inhabitants in America.A. blacksB. IndiansC. Puerto Ricans32. The steel and iron industries are mainly distributed around the city of _____, providing _____ percent of the total output each year.A. Pittsburgh, 60B. Chicago, 50C. New Y ork, 6033. The largest industrial city in America is _____.A. ChicagoB. BostonC. Houston34. Only the climate in the southwestern part of Florida belongs to _____.A. subtropicalB. continentalC. tropical35. ¬_____ is famous for many stores and shops.A. Wall StreetB. BroadwayC. Fifth A venue36. In _____ people can find the historical spot, the Independence National Historical Park.A. PhiladelphiaB. St. LouisC. San Francisco37. Boston is situated in Boston Bay, _____.A. MaineB. MassachusettsC. Connecticut38. The Columbia River and the Colorado River belong to the system of _____.A. the GulfB. the AtlanticC. the PacificI. Fill in the blanks1. The United States is situated in the _____ part of _____ America.2. The U.S. is bounded by _____ on the north and by _____ and the Gulf of Mexico on the south.3. To the west of America lies the _____ Ocean.4. To the east of America lies the _____ Ocean.5. The seat of the American Federal Government is the District of _____.6. The _____ part is made up of the highlands formed by the Appalachian Range.7. The famous _____ National Park is located in the northwestern part of Wyoming.8. The western part of the cent ral plain is also called the “_____ _____”.9. The Mississippi River flows from the _____ lakes to the Gulf of _____.10. The lowest point in the whole of North America is _____ _____.11. The world-known _____ _____ lies in northern Arizona, which is cut by the Colorado River.12. The largest island salt lake in North America is the _____ _____ Lake.13. The United States includes _____ states and a _____ district, the District of Columbia.14. The Declaration of Independence was first read on July 4th, _____.15. The two main tributaries of the _____ River are the Missouri River and the Ohio River.16. The five Great Lakes lie between the boundary of _____ and the United States.17. Through the middle of the country, north and south, runs a line which is known as the _____ _____ _____ _____.18. The South region in America has in general, a warm climate. People often call it the “_____ _____”.19. The largest state, _____, is famous for its glacier, waterfall and ripples.20. There rises the tendency of shifting the centre of industries from the _____ to the _____.21. The famous _____ _____ is known as the financial centre, the symbol of the American monopoly capitalism.22. _____ is the centre of theatres in America.23. The nickname of Pittsburgh is the _____ and _____ City.24. _____ is the second largest in population in the U.S.25. The two youngest states are _____ in the northeastern part of America and _____ in the central Pacific.26. Most of the inhabitants in the U.S. are of _____ origin.27. Negro slaves were first brought to America at the beginning of the _____ century.28. The Death V alley is _____ metres below sea level.29. The population of the United States is about _____ million.30. The Statue of Liberty Island in _____ _____ harbour.31. _____ _____ is the base of the Pacific Fleet of the U.S.A.32. _____ _____ is the smallest state in size and the most densely populated state of the U.S.A.33. From a geographical point of view, the fifty states are grouped into _____ regions.34. The nickname of Houston City is _____ _____.35. _____ became the fiftieth state of the United States in 1959.36. _____ _____ is the longest and the most important river in the system of Gulf.37. The Library of Congress is in the city of _____.38. New England is located in the _____ corner of the country.39. The area of the Pacific coast is known for its growth of fruits, vegetables and wheat, especially in _____.40. The Middle Atlantic Region is marked by its industry. It is often called the _____ Northeast. II. Explain the Following Terms1. “The backbone of the continent”2. melting potIII. Answer the Following Questions1. Give a brief presentation of the U.S. economy.2. Why is Detroit famous?英语考研英美概况模拟题（六）美国地理部分答案：Part II. BAAAC ACAAB BDAAB CCABA CCACC CBABB BAACC ABCII.1. central, north Canada, Mexico Pacific Atlantic Columbia eastern Y ellowstone Great Plains Great, Mexico Death V alley Colorado V alley Great Salt 50, federal 1776 Mississippi Canada 50 centimetre Rainfall Line Sunny South Alaska Southwest Wall Street Broadway Iron, Steel Chicago Alaska, Hawaii European 17th 85 240/256 New Y ork Pearl Harbour Rhode Island 8 Space City Hawaii Mississippi River Washington northeastern California Industrial。
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Political System1. The British Monarchy is hereditary2. The Constitutional Monarchy started at the end of the __17th __ century.3. The __ Crown _ is used as a symbol of the whole nation and is described as the representative of the people.4. The oldest part of British Parliament is _ the House of Lords ___.5. The decision making organ in British Parliament is __ the Cabinet __.6. The life of Parliament is fixed at ___ five _ years.7. The House of Commons consists of _651___ members who are elected from the _651____ electoral districts.8. The titles of the lords, such as Duke, Marquis, Earl, V iscount and Baron, are __ hereditary __.9. The quorum in the House of Commons is ___ forty _ members.10. The _ British government _ _____ is the supreme administrative institution.11. The __ Cabinet is the core of leadership of the British government.12. The Privy Council was established in the 15th century when __ Henry V __ was on the throne.13. Not until ___1937 _ could the cabinet have a legal basis.14. The number of the cabinet members varies, being generally about ___20 __.15. The president (or head) of the House of Lords in Britain is __ Lord Chancellor __.16. ___ The Labour Party _ was formed by the trade unions, cooperatives, the Social Democratic Federation, the Independent Labour Party and the Fabian Society in 1900.17. It is the _ Prime Minister __ who organizes the Cabinet and presides over its meetings.18. The Shadow Cabinet is organized by the _ Opposition ___.19. London, because of its special location, is divided into _32____ boroughs and the city of London.20. “The Morning Star” is the official paper of the ___ Communist Party __.21. The following persons except ___ criminals _ have no right to vote.22. In England and Wales, the jury consists of ___ twelve _ people in criminal and civil cases.23. Legally any citizen aged from ___18__ to __65___ who has never been sent to prison can be a member of the jury.24. The head of the police force of a county, etc. is called _ Chief Constable __.25. A __ barrister ___ appointed to act for the State is called Queen’s Counsel.26. Now the House of Lords can prevent a bill from passing into a law for __ one year _.27. The High Court of Justice includes the following divisions except _ the Criminal Division _.28. During the Civil War, the supporters of the King and the Church were known as _ Loyalists _.I. Fill in the Blanks1. The present sovereign is __ Queen Elizabeth II ___ _____.2. Elizabeth II came to the throne on Feb. 6th, _ 19523. The vital power lies in the ___ Prime Minister __ _____, and his/her cabinet.4. The __ Crown ___ is the only legal and constitutional link binding the members of the Commonwealth to the home country and to one another.5. The British Parliament consists of three elements – the _ Crown ____, the House of __ Lords ___, and the House of _ Commons ____.6. The British legislature is _ Parliament ____.7. The official head of Parliament is the _ Queen ____.8. The House of Commons appeared in late __13th___ century.9. The government cannot legally spend any money without the permission of he House of _ Commons ____.10. Each year the Chancellor of the Exchequer, the minister of __ finance ___ presented the Budget.11. The House of Lords is also called the _ Upper ____ House12. The Lords and the Commons share the same building of the __ Westminster Palace ___ _____.13. By passing the two acts in _1911____ and __1949___, the House of Lords has no power to prevent the passing of legislation approved by the House of Commons.14. In terms of the nature of cases, we can divide the courts into two systems: the __ Lords ___ Courts and the __ Criminal ___ Courts.15. The ___ jury __’s job is deciding whether the accused person is guilty or innocent in the light of evidence.16. In Scotland the jury consists of ___15__ people in criminal cases, __12___ in civil cases in the High court of Justice and ___ Court __ in civil cases in the County Court.17. The Metropolitan (London) police is the under the direct responsibility of the __ Home Secretary ___ _____.18. The headquarters of the London police is the famous __ Scotland Y ard___ _____.II. Explain the Following Terms1. The Cabinet2. The Speaker3. Poor LawIII. Answer the Following Questions1. Can you say something about the English Monarchy?2. Which are the major parties in Britain? What are the characteristics of them?。