英语期中远程作业

drain or gain?


when people in rich countries worry about migration, they tend to think of low-paid incomers who compete for jobs as construction workers, dishwashers or farmhands. when people in developing countries worry about migration, they are usually concerned at the prospect of their best and brightest decamping to silicon valley or to hospitals and universities in the developed world. these are the kind of workers that countries like britain, canada and australia try to attract by using immigration rules that privilege college graduates.


lots of studies have found that well-educated people ｆrom developing countries are particularly likely to emigrate. a big survey of indian households carried out in 2004 asked about family members who had moved abroad. it found that nearly 40% of emigrants had more than a high-school education, compared with around 3.3% of all indians over the age of 25. this “brain drain” has long bothered policymakers in poor countries. they fear that it hurts their economies, depriving them of much-needed skilled workers who could have taught at their universities, worked in their hospitals and come up with clever new products for their factories to make.

失去或者得到?
当发达国家的人们担心移民时,他们倾向于认为移民的竞争集中在低收入的就业岗位,例如建筑工人,洗碗工或是农场工人。当发展中国家的人们担心移民时,他们通常会关注他们的前景最优秀和最聪明的想去硅谷或发达国家的医院和大学。这些类型的国家如英国、加拿大和澳大利亚试图通过使用移民政策和特殊方法来吸引大学毕业生。
大量的研究发现,发展中国家受过良好教育的人尤其容易移民。在2004年进行的关于印度家庭的一项大型调查中询问了那些移居国外的家庭成员。调查发现,近40%的移民有高中以上教育,相当于3.3%的年龄在25岁以上的所有印度人。这种“人才外流”一直困扰着贫穷国家的决策者。他们担心这会伤害本国经济,剥夺了他们急需的可以在大学任教的技术工人,这些人也可以在他们的医院工作,或者在他们的工厂做出聪明的新产品。