新概念英语第二册笔记-第78课
《新概念英语》第二册学习笔记78 77课
《新概念英语》第二册学习笔记78 77课第78课The last one?1、After reading an article entitled 'Cigarette Smoking and Your Health' ...entitled 'Cigarette Smoking and Your Health' 过去分词短语修饰article, 这个句子也可以用定语从句表示：After reading an article that was entitled 'Cigarette Smoking and Your Health'...reading 动词的现在分词，是由动词+ing 构成，可以与系动词be 一起构成进行时，也可以与have/has been 一起构成完成进行时。
例句：They are watching a basement game.He has been collecting stamps since he was a boy.2、I lit a cigarette to calm my nerves.calm 使某人或者某物平静下来，或者安抚某人或者某物例句：He was starting to shake with excitement, and to calm himself he walkedover to the window.3、I had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up smoking.give up sth. 或者give up doing sth. 放弃做某事，不再做某事例句：She never completely gave up hope.4、My friends kept on offering me cigarettes and cigars.keep on doing sth. 继续做某事例句：They kept on walking for a while in silence.5、They made no effort to hide their amusement whenever I produced a packetof sweets from my pocket.make effort to do sth. 表示为了达到某种结果而付出额外的精力例句：Mothers had to made the effort to go out to a play area with their children.whenever 无论何时，无论什么情况例句：Come to see me whenever you feel you have to talk.第77课A successful operation1、The mummy of an Egyptian woman who died in 800 B.C. has just had an operation.B.C. 公元前，是before Christ 的缩写who died in 800 B.C. 限制性定语从句，修饰前面的Egyptian woman.2、The mummy is that of Shepenmut who was once a singer in the Temple of Thebes.who was once a singer...... 限制性定语从句，修饰前面的Shepenmut.3、...doctors have been trying to find out whether the woman died of a rare disease.died of 因......而死，死于......例句：I'm dying of thirst.4、The operation, which lasted for over four hours, proved to be very difficultbecause of the hard resin which covered the skin.逗号后面的部分是which 引导的非限制性定语从句，对前面的operation 起补充说明的作用。
最新新概念英语第二册：第78课课文详解及语法解析
新概念英语第二册：第78课课文详解及语法解析课文详注 Further notes on the text1. an article entitled‘Cigarette Smoking and Your Health’,一篇题为《吸烟与健康》的文章。
在英语中，文章名与书名中的每个单词的第一个字母均大写，不在开头位置的连词、冠词、小品词除外。
entitle的含义为“给……题名/定名”，在这里是过去分词(短语)作定语。
entitle常用于被动语态：The writer hasn't entitled his new book yet.那位作家还没给他的新书写/取名。
The book was entitled The Sun Also Rises.那本书的书名为《太阳照样升起》。
2. I had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up smoking： a bad temperand an enormous appetite. 我具备了戒烟者通常表现出来的所有症状：脾气暴躁和食欲旺盛。
a bad temper and an enormous appetite为symptoms的同位语。
giving up smoking能够看做是someone的定语，即someone who gives up smoking.3. My friends Kept on offering me cigarettes and cigars.我的朋友们持续地向我递香烟和雪茄。
keep on doing sth.表示“继续做某事”、“反复做某事”：The child was crying loudly, but he kept on watching TV.孩子在大声哭，但他却一直看电视。
He kept on phoning her.他持续地给她打电话。
4.They made no effort to hide…他们毫不掩饰地……make no effort表示“根本不作努力”。
Lesson78 知识点(讲义)-2021-2022年新概念英语第二册 全国通用
Lesson 78 单词讲解1.calm v. 使镇定，镇静calm my nervescalm downadj. 镇定的keep / stay calmbe calm2.concentration n. 集中，专心；浓缩concentrate v. 集中，专心；浓缩3.suffer v. 受苦，受害；忍受，经历suffer from the illnesssuffer pain4.temper n. 脾气a bad temperlose one’s temperLesson 78 课文&语法讲解1. After reading an article entitled 'Cigarette Smoking and Your Health' I lit a cigarette to calm my nerves.light v. 照亮，点着light lit lit1.After reading an article entitled 'Cigarette Smoking and Your Health' I lit a cigarette to calm my nerves.2.I had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up smoking: a bad temper and an enormous appetite.big large huge vastgreat giantimmense fantastictitanic gigantic3.They made no effort to hide their amusement whenever I produced a packet of sweets from my pocket.4.When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was more than I could bear.5.I took one guiltily, lit it and smoked with satisfaction.5.I took one guiltily, lit it and smoked with satisfaction.6.My wife was delighted that things had returned to normal once more.6.My wife was delighted that things had returned to normal once more.7.Anyway, as Brian pointed out, it is the easiest thing in the world to give up smoking.7. Anyway, as Brian pointed out, it is the easiest thing in the world to give up smoking.7. Anyway, as Brian pointed out, it is the easiest thing in the world to give up smoking. But as they soon discovered, disguises can sometimes be too perfect.Lesson 78 知识拓展补充内容:keep 词组keep 词组My friends kept on offering me cigarettes.Please keep off the grass.He kept away from the party.keep 词组Under my essay, the teacher wrote, “Good work! Keep it up !”He ran so fast, I could not keep up with him.keep 词组A big notice on the door said, “Keep out!”The cat was kept in during the fireworks.keep 词组I think he kept the meeting on purpose.away fromKeep the floor. I have just cleaned it.Offkeep 词组He kept making the same mistake.onShe has just begun a diary. I wonder how long she will keep it .up。
The last one？ 最后一枝吗？新概念英语第二册自学导读笔记第78课
The last one？最后一枝吗？新概念英语第二册自学导读笔记第78课新概念英语第二册第78课课文重难点 further notes on the text1. an article entitled'cigarette smoking and your health',一篇题为《吸烟与健康》的文章。
在英语中，文章名与书名中的每个单词的第一个字母均大写，不在开头位置的连词、冠词、小品词除外。
entitle的含义为"给……题名／定名"，在这里是过去分词（短语）作定语。
entitle常用于被动语态：the writer hasn't entitled his new book yet. 那位作家还没给他的新书写／取名。
the book was entitled the sun also rises. 那本书的书名为《太阳照样升起》。
2． i had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up smoking： a bad temper and an enormous appetite. 我具备了戒烟者通常表现出来的所有症状：脾气暴躁和食欲旺盛。
a bad temper and an enormous appetite为symptoms的同位语。
giving up smoking能够看做是someone的定语，即someone who gives up smoking.3． my friends kept on offering me cigarettes and cigars. 我的朋友们持续地向我递香烟和雪茄。
keep on doing sth.表示"继续做某事"、"反复做某事"：the child was crying loudly, but he kept on watching tv. 孩子在大声哭，但他却一直看电视。
新概念英语第二册Lesson78内容详解 ppt课件
• entitle
• v. 以……为名
New Words
• calm
• v. 使镇定
• nerve
• n. 神经
• concentration
• n. 集中，专心
• suffer
• v. 受苦，受害
• symptom
• n. 症状
• temper
• n. 脾气
I have good appetite for the ice cream. to one's taste 对某人的胃口 e.g. 这本书对我胃口。/这本书我喜欢。
This book is to my taste.
★produce v. 掏出，拿出 = take e.g. produce/take 掏出一把钥匙 新概念英语第二册Lesson78内容 a key
• appetite
• n. 胃口，食欲
• produce
• v. 拿出
• urge
• v. 力劝，怂恿
• satisfaction
• n. 满意，满足
• delighted
• adj. 欣喜的 新概念英语第二册Lesson78内容 详解
精品资料
★entitle vt. 以…为名，取名，给…题名
flood.
★symptom n. 症状
e.g. 发烧是许多疾病的一种症兆。
Fever is a sympto新m概念英o语f第m二册aLenssyon7i8l内l容nesses. 详解
★temper n. 脾气 lose one's temper 发火 keep one's temper 别发火 e.g. 因为他的疾病，他总是发火。
新概念英语单词第二册第78课：最后一支
新概念英语单词第二册第78课：最后一支 entitle [n'tat()l; en-] 以……为名calm [kɑm] v使镇定【单词扩充】recompose使镇定【单词搭配】calm down使平静【单词例句】A： To calm myself,I need some cold waterA：为了使自己镇定，我需要一些凉水。
B：I'll fetch it for youB：我去给你取。
nerve [nv] 神经concentration [kns()n'tre()n] 集中，专心【单词扩充】absorption全神贯注【单词搭配】concentration on汪意力集中于【单词例句】A：Concentration is important if you want to a good job．A：如果你想把事情做好，专心很重要。
B： OK, I'Il turn off the television soon,B：好吧，我这就把电视关了。
suffer ['sf]遭受 n •【单词搭配】symptom ['sm(p)tm] n.症状【单词例句】A：I thinkI had a cold．A：我想我感冒了。
B： What are your symptoms?B：你有什么症状？temper ['temp] 脾气【单词例句】His hasty temper made him offensive．他那急脾气真让人烦。
appetite ['ptat] n胃口．食欲【单词搭配】appetize开胃【单词例句】A：I don't have any appetite.A：我没有食欲。
B： You must have indigestionB：你肯定是消化不良。
produce [pr'djus] 拿出，生产【单词搭配】produce broker货物买卖经纪人 produce exchange物产交易所urge ['d]力劝，怂恿【单词例句】A：Where did they go for their honeymoon? A：他们的蜜月之行去了哪儿？B：I urged that they go to New York.B：我强烈建议他们去纽约。
新概念第二册-Lesson 78 The last one? (独立主格)
whole week I did not smoke at all and during this time, my wife
suffered terribly. I had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up
smoking: a bad temper and an enormous appetite. My friends kept
独立主格作状语：
1. 表示时间 一般放在句首The meeting being over, all of us went home. 开完会后我们都回家了。the meeting being over相当于when the meeting was over
friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was more than I could 断做”的意思。
bear. I took one guiltily, lit it and smoked with satisfaction. My wife They made no effort to
pocket. After seven days of this I went to a party. Everybody around 断给我递香烟和雪茄。
me was smoking and I felt extremely uncomfortable. When my old keep on doing是“持续不
calm /kɑːm/ v. 使镇定 adj. 平静的, 沉着的 calmly /ˈkɑːmli/ adv. 镇定自若地
nerve /nɜː(r)v/ n. 神经 E.g. After reading an article entitled 'Cigarette Smoking and Your Health' I lit a cigarette to calm my nerves. 读完一篇题为《吸烟与健康》的文章之后，我点上了一枝 香烟，来镇定一下自己紧张的神经。 nervous /ˈnɜːrvəs/ adj. 紧张的, 不安的 (反) calm nervously /nɜːvəsli/ adv. 紧张地 (反) calmly
（完整版）新概念英语第二册笔记_第78课
（完整版）新概念英语第⼆册笔记_第78课Lesson 78 The last one?【Text】After reading an article entitled 'Cigarette Smoking and Your Health' I lit a cigarette to calm my nerves. I smoked with concentration and pleasure as I was sure that this would be my last cigarette. For a whole week I did not smoke at all and during this time, my wife suffered terribly. I had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up smoking: a bad temper and an enormous appetite. My friends kept on offering me cigarettes and cigars. They made no effort to hide their amusement whenever I produced a packet of sweets from my pocket. After seven days of this I went to a party. Everybody around me was smoking and I felt extremely uncomfortable. When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was more than I could bear. I took one guiltily, lit it and smoked with satisfaction. My wife was delighted that things had returned to normal once more. Anyway, as Brian pointed out, it is the easiest thing in the world to give up smoking. He himself has done it lots of times!【课⽂翻译】读完⼀篇题为《吸烟与健康》的⽂章之后，我点上了⼀枝⾹烟，来镇定⼀下⾃⼰紧张的神经。
裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记_第78课_课文讲解
TextAfter reading an article entitled ' Cigarette Smoking and Your Health' I lit a cigaratte to calm my nerves.entitled ' Cigarette Smoking and Your Health'entitled 是过去分词，整个过去分词短语作定语修饰 an article 意思是一篇健康与吸烟的文章to calm my nerves 来镇定我紧张的神经（to do 不定式做目的状语），我点燃香烟目的是镇定我紧张的神经lit v点燃（light的过去式及过去分词）light1v点火，着火eg He lit a cigatette. 他点着香烟。
eg He lit up a cigarette.他点着香烟。
2v（使）供给光线，照亮eg We lit a candle and the candle lit the room.我们点燃蜡烛，蜡烛照亮了房间。
3v（使）容光焕发eg Suddenly a smile lit (up) her face. 突然微笑是她的脸亮了起来。
light的过去分词及过去式有2种，light---lit---lit; light---lighted---lighted,区别在于：**lit通常做谓语动词eg The match is lit. 火柴被点燃了。
**lighted通常做定语，当做形容词来使用时放在名词之前。
a lighted match被点燃过的火柴4n光sunlight阳光firelight火光5n引火物eg Can you give me a light, please? 能借个火吗？6n光线eg I can`t read while you are standing in my light. 你挡住我的光线了，我没法看书。
新概念二第78课笔记
Lesson78-The last one?1.v.授权；定名entitle构词法en(动词前缀)+title(n.)=entitle(v.)被称为...be entitled...=be called/named...授予某人使用...的权利entitle sb.to sth.2.v.使镇定；adj.平静的；n.风平浪静calm冷静下来!Calm down!保持冷静keep calm暴风雨前的宁静the calm before the storm3.n.神经；临危不乱的勇气nerve神经中枢nerve center惊慌失措lose one’s nerveadj.焦虑的nervous对...紧张be nervous about...4.v.力劝；鼓动urge力劝某人做某事urge sb.to do sth.5.n.专心；集中concentration注意力集中于...concentration on...全神贯注地做某事do sth.with concentration v.专心；集中concentrate全神贯注于...concentrate(oneself)on...6.adj.欣喜的delighted欣喜地做某事be delighted to do sth.7.n.症状；征兆symptom有一些...的症状/征兆have some symptoms of...8.n.脾气temper生气的/地in a bad temper发脾气lose one’s temper耐住性子keep one’s temper 9.n.食欲；渴望appetite胃口不好have a poor appetite显示出对...的渴望show an appetite for...10.v.受苦suffer遭受...之苦suffer from...n.苦难suffering给某人造成可怕的痛苦cause terrible suffering to sb.11.v.生产produce发明并生产某物invent and produce sth.n.产品production n.生产商producer adj.多产的productive 12.n.满足、满意satisfaction v.使...满意satisfy adj.满意的satisfied对...满意be satisfied with...=show one’s satisfaction with...使某人满意satisfy sb.心满意足地做某事do sth.with satisfaction13.本课短语读一篇题为《吸烟与健康》的文章read an article entitled'Cigarette Smoking and Your Health'点一支烟来镇定我的神经light a cigarette to calm my nerves聚精会神而又愉快地吸烟smoke with concentration and pleasure我最后一支烟my last cigarette整整一个星期for a whole week受了大罪suffer terribly具备了戒烟者的所有常见症状have all the usual symptoms of someone giving up smoking脾气暴躁和食欲旺盛a bad temper and an enormous appetite不断地向我递香烟和雪茄keep on offering me cigarettes and cigars毫不掩饰他们的愉悦make no effort to hide their amusement从我兜里掏出一包糖produce a packet of sweets from my pocket这样过了七天之后after seven days of this感觉极其不舒服feel extremely uncomfortable极力劝我接受一根香烟urge me to accept a cigarette超过我所能承受的be more than I can bear内疚地接过一支take one guiltily心满意足地抽烟smoke with satisfaction又一次恢复正常return to normal once more adv.不管怎么说anyway戒烟give up smoking他自己he himself。
新概念二第78课笔记.
课堂笔记:1 entitlean article entitled…Cigarette Smoking and Your Health‟,一篇题为《吸烟与健康》的文章。
在英语中,文章名与书名中的每个单词的第一个字母均大写,不在开头位置的连词、冠词、小品词除外。
entitle 的含义为“给......题名/定名”,在这里是过去分词(短语作定语。
entitle 常用于被动语态:The writer hasn't entitled his new book yet.那位作家还没给他的新书写/取名。
She read a poem entitled "The Apple Tree"她读了一首题为《苹果树》的诗entitle sb to sth给予某人获得某事物或做某事的权利You are entitled to collect the rental fee from the customers.你有权利去收取客户的房租。
This ticket doesn't entitle you to sit in first class.你这张票不能坐头等位。
entitlement授权,有资格We have no record of your entitlement to free travel.我们没有让你免费旅行的记录。
2lit 原形light lit lit (lighted,ligthedlighted candel燃着的蜡烛light a candlelight a cigarettelight up (with sth 指人的脸等放光彩,容光焕发Her eyes lit up with joy.她因喜悦而目光炯炯3calm adj.镇定的,安静的,无忧虑的It is important to keep calm in an emergency.在紧急情况下保持镇静是很重要的。
新概念二第78课笔记
课堂笔记：1) entitle一篇题为《吸烟与健康》的文章。
an article entitled‘Cigarette Smoking and Your Health’，在英语中，文章名与书名中的每个单词的第一个字母均大写，不在开头位置的连词、冠词、小品词除外。
entitle 的含义为“给......题名／定名”，在这里是过去分词（短语）作定语。
entitle 常用于被动语态：The writer hasn't entitled his new book yet.那位作家还没给他的新书写／取名。
She read a poem entitled "The Apple Tree"她读了一首题为《苹果树》的诗entitle sb to sth给予某人获得某事物或做某事的权利You are entitled to collect the rental fee from the customers.你有权利去收取客户的房租。
This ticket doesn't entitle you to sit in first class.你这张票不能坐头等位。
entitlement授权，有资格We have no record of your entitlement to free travel.我们没有让你免费旅行的记录。
2）lit 原形light lit lit （lighted，ligthed）lighted candel燃着的蜡烛light a candlelight a cigarettelight up (with sth) 指人的脸等放光彩，容光焕发Her eyes lit up with joy.她因喜悦而目光炯炯3）calm adj.镇定的，安静的，无忧虑的It is important to keep calm in an emergency.在紧急情况下保持镇静是很重要的。
裕兴新概念英语第二册笔记_第78课_课文讲解.
Text After reading an article entitled ' Cigarette Smoking and Your Health' I lit a cigaratte to calm my nerves.to calm my nerves 来镇定我紧张的神经（to do 不定式做目的状语），我点燃香烟目的是镇定我紧张的神经lit v 点燃（light 的过去式及过去分词）light 1v 点火，着火egHe lit a cigatette. 他点着香烟。
egHe lit up a cigarette.他点着香烟。
2v （使）供给光线，照亮egWe lit a candle and the candle lit the room.我们点燃蜡烛，蜡烛照亮了房间。
3v （使）容光焕发egSuddenly a smile lit (up her face. 突然微笑是她的脸亮了起来。
light 的过去分词及过去式有2种，light---lit---lit; light---lighted---lighted,区别在于：**lit 通常做谓语动词egThe match is lit. 火柴被点燃了。
**lighted 通常做定语，当做形容词来使用时放在名词之前。
a lighted match被点燃过的火柴4n 光sunlight 阳光firelight 火光5n 引火物egCan you give me a light, please? 能借个火吗？6n 光线egI can`t read while you are standing in my light. 你挡住我的光线了，我没法看书。
come to light/bring to light（渐）为人所知之状态in the light of从…观点看according to one`s lights按照个人之见识throw light on/ shed light on使明白，解释7adj 轻的as light as air毫无重量（轻的像空气）as light as a feather轻如鸿毛（想羽毛一样轻）8adj 少量的，教往常或预期少的a light crop of wheat小麦的收成不佳9adj (指睡眠浅睡的，睡不沉的，反义词（sound a light sleeper浅睡的人10adj (动作或做动作的人轻快的，灵活的a light dancer轻快的舞者be sure that(从句对某事确信as 因为egShe stayed at home as she had no car. 因为没有车她呆在家里。
新概念英语第二册笔记-第78课
Lesson 78 The last one?【Text】After reading an article entitled 'Cigarette Smoking and Your Health' I lit a cigarette to calm my nerves. I smoked with concentration and pleasure as I was sure that this would be my last cigarette. For a whole week I did not smoke at all and during this time, my wife suffered terribly. I had all the usual symptoms of someone giving up smoking: a bad temper and an enormous appetite. My friends kept on offering me cigarettes and cigars. They made no effort to hide their amusement whenever I produced a packet of sweets from my pocket. After seven days of this I went to a party. Everybody around me was smoking and I felt extremely uncomfortable. When my old friend Brian urged me to accept a cigarette, it was more than I could bear. I took one guiltily, lit it and smoked with satisfaction. My wife was delighted that things had returned to normal once more. Anyway, as Brian pointed out, it is the easiest thing in the world to give up smoking. He himself has done it lots of times!【课文翻译】读完一篇题为《吸烟与健康》的文章之后，我点上了一枝香烟，来镇定一下自己紧张的神经。
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--Ｌｅsｓon 78 Tｈe last one?【Texｔ】Ａfteｒreａdiｎｇanａrｔicｌe enｔｉtlｅd 'Cigａｒette Smoking and Your Health' I ｌｉｔａcigarｅtte to cａlm myｎerｖes. Iｓｍoｋeｄwitｈconcentratｉon anｄpleasure as I ｗas sure that this would bｅmy ｌasｔciｇａｒｅtｔｅ. Fｏｒa ｗholeｗeek Ｉdid not smoke at aｌｌa ｎd dｕｒing ｔhis time, ｍｙwife sufferｅd terriｂly．I had ａlｌｔhe usuａl symｐtoms ｏf sｏmｅｏnｅgiving ｕｐｓmokiｎg: a bad temper ａｎd aｎｅnormous ａppｅtite. Mｙｆｒiends kepｔon ofｆering me ciｇareｔteｓａnd cigａrs. Thｅyｍａde no effort to hide thｅir aｍuse ｍｅnt ｗheneｖeｒIｐrｏｄuｃeｄａｐaｃkeｔｏf sweｅts froｍmy pｏcｋeｔ. Afteｒsｅｖeｎdaysｏf ｔhis I weｎt ｔo aｐａrty.Everybody arouｎｄme was sｍｏking and I fｅｌt ｅxｔr ｅmely uncomfoｒtabｌe. Wheｎmyｏld frｉeｎd Brｉａn urgｅｄｍe to ａccept a cｉgａrette, ｉｔwas morｅthan I cｏuld bear. I took one guiltｉly, litｉt ａｎd smｏkｅｄwith ｓatisfａct ｉon. My wife wａs delighteｄthaｔｔｈings hａｄrｅturned to nｏrmal oｎce ｍoｒｅ. Anyｗay, ａｓBrian ｐoinｔed out,it ｉs the easieｓt thing in tｈｅworld to give up smｏking. He ｈimｓelf has done iｔlｏts of timｅs!【课文翻译】读完一篇题为《吸烟与健康》的文章之后,我点上了一枝香烟,来镇定一下自己紧张的神经。
我聚精会神而又愉快地吸着这支烟。
因为我确信这是我最后一枝烟了。
整整一个星期我根本没有吸烟。
在此期间，我妻子吃尽了苦头。
我具备了戒烟者通常表现出来的所有症状：脾气暴躁和食欲旺盛。
我的朋友们不断地向我递香烟和雪茄。
每当我从口袋里掏出一包糖果时，他们都毫不掩饰地表现出他们对此感到非常好笑。
这样过了7天以后,我去参加一次聚会。
我周围的每个人都在吸烟，我感到非常不自在。
当我的老朋友布赖恩极力劝我接受一枝香烟时，我再也忍不住了。
我内疚地接过一枝点上,心满意足地抽起来。
一切又都恢复了正常，为此我妻子十分高兴。
不管怎么说,正如布赖恩指出的那样,戒烟是世界上最容易的事情，他自己就已戒了很多次了!New woｒｄs aｎd ｅxprｅssｉｏns 生词和短语【生词讲解】--1. entｉtle1) v．以......为名;授权ｅg: Ｉｆｓometｈing eｎｔｉtles ｙｏu to ｓomething, it givｅs you the officiａl ｒiｇht to ｈａve ｏr ｄo it.eg: Ｔhe ｎovｅlｉsｅnｔitlｅdＰride and Prejudice.那本小说被命名为《傲慢与偏见》。
eg: Thｉｓlicenｓe entitles you to ｓell dｒｕg．这个执照授权你可以卖药。
词组拓展: be entiｔleｄto （dｏ）sth. 对...享有权利，值得；有(做某事)的资格[权利］ﻫeg: Woｍen emｐlｏｙｅes ａｒe entitleｄｔo a maｔeｒniｔy leave of thｒee mｏｎｔhs.女性员工有权利休三个月的产假。
记忆点拨: en（动词前缀，使……）—tｉtlｅ（标题）(使有标题)２.cａlm１）v．使镇定ﻫeｇ: Iｇave thｅfｒｉghtened ｃhilｄsome cａｎdies ｔo cａlm him.我给那个吓坏了的小孩一些糖果使他安静下来。
adj. 平静的ﻫAfｔer a ｎiｇht of stｏrm, thｅsｅaｉs now cａlｍ．一夜暴风雨过后,大海现在很平静。
词组拓展: keｅp calm保持镇定ﻫｃalm dｏｗn镇定下来caｌm beｆore the sｔorｍ暴风雨前的平静相关表达： calmｎess n.平静, 冷静, 镇静词义辨析： calｍ, pｅacefｕl,ｑuiet, sｔilｌ(１) ｃａlm (relaｘeｄand ｑuiet, not ａｎgry, ｎerｖous, or upseｔ）主要用于气候、海洋“风平浪静的”，也可指人表示“安静的”、“镇静的”，eg：The ｓｋy iｓblｕe,anｄthe sea is calｍ.天空碧兰,海上风平浪静。
ﻫeg：Altｈoｕgh shｅwａs frightened, she ａnｓweｒeｄwit ｈ a calｍｖoice.ﻫ虽然她害怕,但还是用平静的声音回答。
(２) Ｐｅaceｆul （a peacefｕｌtiｍe, ｐlace, ｏr situａtion iｓquiet and ｃalmｗｉthout any worｒy or excｉtement) 指“和平的”表示“没有骚扰和战争的”aｐeacefuｌenvironmｅnt和平环境。
（３) quiｅｔ(not maｋｉnｇｍuch noise,or makiｎgｎｏnoise aｔａlｌ)指“ 没有吵闹声的”、“没有噪音的”，它强调“声音很低、很少” 或“全然无声”ｅg：Ｈeｈａd a quiｅt lｉｆe他过着宁静的生活。
（４)ｓtill(ｑuiｅｔand cａlm）指“没声音的”、“没动静的”,ｔｈｅstill hours befｏre daｗn黎明前的寂静时刻。
3．nｅrve ｎ. 神经eg：the feelinｇof being neｒvous becaｕsｅyｏu arｅworｒiｅd orａlｉttｌe fri ｇhtｅneｄﻫeg：He was a ｂunｄle of nerveｓwｈen makiｎg the speech.他在演讲的时候紧张死了。
ｅg:I drａnk a laｒge glaｓs ofｂeeｒto calm ｍy nｅrves.我喝了一大杯啤酒来镇定我的神经。
词组拓展: geｔon sb＇s neｒves使人心烦不安;使人心神不定sｔｒａin ｅveｒy nｅrve竭尽全力相关表达：nervoｕｓaｄj. 神经紧张的,不安的4.cｏncｅｎｔration ｎ. 集中，专心eg：Ｉcan hardｌｙｃoｎceｎｔrａtｅon readｉnｇwith all that noｉsｅａｒound.周围这么多噪音,我几乎不能专心读书。
ﻫeg:Thｅfａｃtory is concenｔratｉnｇon ｄeｓｉgｎｉng ｎewｐｒoduｃts.工厂正集中经历设计信产品。
eg:Ｙｏga ｉs an ｅｘercise whicｈcaｎimprｏves your powers of concentrａｔiｏｎ．瑜伽是一种能提高注意力的运动。
ｅg: Ａｓa sｉｍulｔanｅoｕs trａnslator I muｓt lｉｓｔｅｎand ｔｒaｎslａte with greａt ｃoncentration.作为一个同声传译工作者,我必须非常集中精神地听和翻译。
相关表达：concｅｎｔraｔe v. 集中记忆点拨: con（全部）—ｃentｒ（中心)—aｔion（名词后缀）（全部在中心)５.sufｆer1)v．ｔo ｅｘｐeriｅnｃｅphysicaｌor mentａl ｐaｉn受苦，受害;eg:Ｉhａｖe bｅen suｆfering ｆｒｏm a bad hｅadaｃhe.我有严重的头疼病。
eg:Mｙgｒandmathｅr dｉeｄsuｄdenlｙand dｉｄn’t suffer.我的奶奶突然就去世了，没受什么痛苦。
２) tｏbe in ａveｒy bad sｉtuatiｏn tｈat maｋes thinｇs vｅｒy diffiｃｕlｔfor you 受损失eg: Ｍany private bｕｓｉｎesses sｕfｆeｒedａｇrｅaｔｌｏsｓduriｎgｔｈe recessioｎ.很多私有企业在经济衰退时期受了很大损失。
ﻫTｈe eneｍｙfoｒces ｓuffereｄheａvy casualties.敌方军队伤亡损失很大。
ﻫ词义辨析: bｅar,ｅndｕre,stａnd,suffer，ｔoｌerateｂｅar (ｔｏbｒavelｙaccept ｏr deａl wiｔh a paiｎful, difｆiｃuｌt，oｒupsｅtｔing ｓituａtｉｏn[＝staｎd])广义的指容忍各种事情的能力eｇ：He can't beaｒｐeople smｏkｉｎg wｈile he's eating.他受不了别人在他吃饭的时候吸烟。
ﻫEnｄｕｒe(to bｅｉｎ a ｄiffiｃuｌtｏｒpaｉnful ｓituatiｏn for ａlｏｎg tｉmｅwiｔhｏｕｔcｏmplaｉning)尤指长期面对痛苦、艰难的能力: eｇ: Thｅre ａre lｉmｉｔｓto whaｔthe hｕmａn ｂody canｅndｕrｅ.人体的忍耐力是有限的stａnｄ（tｏbe able to acｃｅｐt ｏr dｅalｗeｌl wｉth a dｉffｉcult situation［= tｏlerａte]）指精神上坚毅,有决心：eg:Thｅｐaiｎwas tｏｏintense tｏstand.痛苦强烈得无法承受。
eg: Actors who can't sｔand cｒiticｉsmｓhoｕldn't ｐerｆorm iｎpubｌiｃ．受不了批评的演员不应在公众中演出。
ﻫSuｆfｅr(to eｘperｉence pｈyｓical oｒmｅｎtaｌpａｉｎ)指顺从和克制ｅg：He suｆｆeｒｅd tｈeｉrｉnsulｔs in sileｎcｅ.他默默忍受他们所施加的伤害。