华南理工大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语综合水平测试2006

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华南理工大学2006年硕士研究生入学考试管理学试卷

Ａ．原材料采购
Ｂ．资金的安排
Ｃ．组织结构的调整Ｄ．生产计划的制定
3、现代企业中设置“利润中心”、“成本中心”或者“预算中心”的目的，都是为了达到以下哪个管理的目标？
Ａ．集中控制Ｂ．信息沟通Ｃ．统一指挥Ｄ．分权
4、种庄稼需要水，但这一地区近年老不下雨，怎么办？一种办法是灌溉，以补天不下雨的不足。另一办法是改种耐
A．这种提法不符和现代管理思想，因为容易导致失控
B．这种管理思路是一种放任式的领导方式
C．这样做的目的是为了锻炼将军在外作战的能力
D．这种提法反映了集权和分权的一个正确的观念
8、控制就是事情按计划进行。为此需要在企业中建立信息反馈机制，监控是否存在偏差。发现偏差后，有人提倡"
消灭偏差"，对这种提法你如何看待？
1、人人需要激励，激励理论又有多种，试就如何有效地激励员工，论述激励理论在企业管理中的应用。 2、影响组织结构的因素有哪些？试就组织结构的内外影响因素，论述组织如何有效地回应动态环境的冲击。五、案例分析题（要求以事实为据，予以合理解释。限选答一题，占 40 分；多答者按第一题给分） 1、案例银行企业的组织结构调整从 20 世纪 80 年代初开始，由于联邦政府放松了对银行业产品和地理区域的管制，美国各银行企业的经营环境都发生了很大的变化，银行和金融服务中不断增强的竞争，以及迅猛发展的技术进步，都迫使各家银行改变经营战略，以实现利润和增长的双重目标。由于激烈竞争的缘故，存款与贷款之间的价值差缩小了，银行不能再通过简单地增加一笔存款或贷款而提高其利润水平。发放更多的新贷款也许只是为了维持存贷平衡，因为低质的贷款正变成坏账，使贷款损失猛增。一些银行并没有及时地意识到，为盈利而展开竞争，避免破产。它们不得不在金融服务行业的经营领域中寻得一席之地；它们必须着眼于总利润，而不能简单地看贷款额的增长幅度。这些变化迫使许多银行从经营战略的角度得出结论：组织需要更少的集权，更多地关注顾客需要，而且应与市场保持更紧密的联系；必须确定出能获利的产品市场领域，并在企业内组织专门的队伍，为那些能带来高利润的顾客提供营销服务。结果，从 20 世纪 80 年代以来，许多商业银行便开始重组，从职能型结构转交成按顾客类型和需要进行组织的事业部体制。这些银行中很大一部分都由一般经理(即与职能经理相对应的“总经理”)来领导各个事业部，事业部经理是直接为某一特定顾客群提供服务的销售和营业人员。这些经理现在要为事业部的盈利和资产回报负责，而这也将在他们的个人收入上得到反映。确定了向事业部型和顾客驱动型结构转变的目标以后，各银行的领导者们便着手考虑如何变革组织结构，以便将可能发生的混乱减少到最低限度，同时又要获得各类群体员工的大力支持。因为所拟定的组织变革方案正使企业中的大多数员工感到某种精神上的不适应和利益上的受损害，所以，成功的组织变革就必须考虑采取一些对策和办法来克服阻力，使企业的员工了解自己应该为变革做些什么，并置身于这一变革行列中，推动变革的顺利实施。银行业的许多领导者认为，他们所涉及的组织变革问题需要自己投入尽可能多的时间。问题是如此重要，使得银行业的领导者们必须采取一种教育的策略，促进高层管理人员和一般员工都充分认识干扰企业运营的问题的严重性和紧迫性，只有这样，组织变革才会有成功的可能，而这种教育和认识，自然地会引导企业采取参与的变革策略。有些银行还聘请了外部顾问担任他们的变革推动人。这些顾问人员在仔细审查变革计划时，常会问及高层管理人员一些平时难得考虑到的问题。顾问人员的“局外者”身分，使得他们能脱身于对企业持续运行看来似乎相当紧要的日常琐碎事务之外，看清企业所面临问题的本质。另外，顾问人员可以从高层领导者的合法权利中，以及他们自身在该领域的专家权利中，取得某种权威来推动变革的进程。在许多银行企业中，高层管理人员通常要花费两年时间与顾问人员和内部委员会仔细商计诸如银行要在哪些领域开展经营，如何照此要求设立组织结构，以及如何在企业中尽快、尽可能有效地推进所需要的组织变革等等问题。两年以后，各组织层次的管理人员对企业重新确定的经营方针、经营领域、经营成功的关键因素以及将来需要采取的行动方案等都获得了较为全面的了解。这样，每个人都做好了变革的准备，并在激励之下去推行组织结构、管理系统和管理风格等方面所需的变革。采取教育和鼓励参与策略的银行领导们发现，这些变革发动方式不仅有利于产生更好的决策，同时也有利于顺利地执行这些决策。因为投身其中的人们，都对竞争对手、市场顾客、银行自身的文化和运营能力等有了更好的了解。

华南理工大学_马克思主义基本原理2006年_考研专业课真题

第提高劳动生产率 25、商品的价值是（）。 A、由抽象劳动创造的 C、商品的社会属性 E、体现一定的社会生产关系
D、提高资金资源利用效率
B、商品的自然属性 D、商品中凝结的一般人类劳动
26、使用价值、交换价值与价值的关系是（）。 A、交换价值是价值的基础 C、交换价值是价值的表现形式 B、价值是交换价值的基础 D、价值是交换价值的表现形式
1、人类社会存在和发展的基础是（）。 A、生产力 C、物质资料生产 A、19 世纪中叶 B、生产关系 D、经济基础 B、18 世纪初 C、17 世纪中叶 D、19 世纪末
2、马克思主义政治经济学创立于（）。 3、商品内在的使用价值和价值的矛盾的外在表现是（）。 A、商品与商品之间的对立 C、资本与雇佣劳动之间的对立 4、级差地租产生的原因是（）。 A、土地的优劣 C、土地的私有权垄断 5、资本主义经济危机的根源是（）。 A、社会生产和社会需求的矛盾 B、无产阶级和资产阶级之间的矛盾 C、生产社会化和资本主义私有制的矛盾 D、社会生产无政府状况和企业内部有组织性的矛盾 6、商品经济的基本规律是（）。 A、竞争规律 C、货币流通规律 7、资本的最初表现形式是（）。 A、劳动资料 C、劳动力 8、资本主义经济危机暴露了（）。 A、资本主义生产无政府状态 C、社会生产和社会需求的矛盾 9、货币的本质（）。 A、一般等价物 B、带来剩余价值的价值 B、资产阶级与无产阶级的对抗 D、资本主义制度的历史过渡性 B、货币 D、劳动对象 B、价值规律 D、剩余价值规律 B、土地的有限 D、土地的资本主义经营垄断 B、私人劳动和社会劳动之间的对立 D、商品与货币之间的对立
第
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C、特殊等价物 10、相对剩余价值的获得是（）。

华南理工大学考研真题—法语2006

华南理工大学考研真题法语2006I. 选择正确的词或词组填空（20%）1. Elle a soif, donnez-___________ de l’eau.[A] le [B] la[C] lui [D] elle2. Pour prendre un bon repas, il faut ___________ l’argent,n’est-ce pas?[A] beaucoup [B] beaucoup de[C] bien [D] de3. Je veux achet er quelque chose ____________ pour l’anniversaire de ma mère.[A] bon [B] bonne[C] de bonne [D] de bon4. ___________sa patience, il n’est pas arrivé à convaincre son frère.[A] Bien que [B] Quelque que[C] Malgré[D] Quoique5. On ne doit pas penser seulement à ___________, mais aussi aux autres.[A] soi [B] lui-même[C] elle –même [D] tout le monde6. Il retourne voir ses parents une année __________ quatre.[A] pour [B] sur[C] par [D] à7. Nous ne voyons __________qui puisse nous intéresser dans ce magasin.[A] rien [B] quelque chose[C] peu de chose [D] pas un8. J’avais envoyé un mot pour vous prévenir ________aller vous voir.[A] avant [B] avant d’[C] d’[D] après9. Cette région est connue __________ ses vins.[A] pour [B] par[C] grâce à[D] à cause de10. Il considère ces travaux _____________ parfaitement terminés.[A] pour [B] comme[C] en [D] par11. Je préfère lire ________ de perdre mon temps au cinéma.[A] mieux [B] plutôt que[C] plus que [D] au lieu12. Ce bateau sert _________ traverser la rivière.[A] pour [B] de[C] en [D] à13. Il a fini __________ se décider à nous rejoindre.[A] de [B] par[C] à[D] pour14. Très pressé, il a pris le dictionnaire de son voisin _____________le sien.[A] au lieu de [B] avec[C] sans [D] par15. Elle sera la première __________ atteindre le sommet.[A] pour [B] à[C] de [D] par16. Les Français veulent vivre à la campagne pour échapper _________la pollution.[A] de [B] par[C] contre [D] à17. C’est______ le Parti communiste chinois que l’on doit son bonheur.[A] grâce à[B] en[C] avec [D] à18. ___________ difficile que paraisse cette tâche, il nous faut l’accomplir à temps.[A] Quelque [B] Quelle que[C] Quelle [D] Bien que19. __________ il arrive, je dois rester calme.[A] où[B] quel que[C] quoi que [D] quoique20. Je ne veux pas sortir avec vous ________ je ne me sens pas bien.[A] bien que [B] comme[C] depuis que [D] parce queII. 选择适当的动词形式：（15 %）1. ___________ du sport régulièrement, il aurait une santé solide.[A] faisant [B] ayant fait[C] après avoir fait [D] en faisant2. Si j’avais suivi vos conseils, je n’____________ aux examens.[A] n’aie pas échoué[B] n’échouerais pas[C] n’aurais pas échoué[D] n’ai pas échoué3. Nous sommes sûrs que notre avenir ____________ radieux.[A] soit [B] sera[C] serait [D] est4. Il me semble que tu ___________ raison.[A] aies [B] as[C] aurais [D] auras5. Je ne sais pas pourquoi il __________ à la soirée.[A] n’est pas venu [B] ne vienne pas[C] ne soit pas venu [D] n’était pas venu6. Dès qu’ils eurent déjeuné, ils _________ la discussion.[A] ont repris [B] reprenaient[C] avaient repris [D] reprirent7. Aussitôt qu’il __________ la nouvelle de sa réussite, i l lui envoya une lettre de félicitations.[A] a appris [B] avait appris[C] eut appris [D] apprenait8. M Dupont __________ se mettre à table lorsqu’on frappa à la porte.[A] ira [B] irai[C] va [D] allait9. Dans quelques jours, mon ami __________me voir à l’hôpital.[A] est venu [B] viendra[C] vient [D] sera venu10. Elle a promis qu’elle __________ là à l’heure dite.[A] serait [B] sera[C] est [D] était11. En ce moment ils ___________ de ce qui s’est passé hier.[A] parlaient [B] viennent de parler[C] parlent [D] ont parlé12. S’il ____________ chez lui hier soir, il aurait déjà fini son travail.[A] était resté[B] avait resté[C] reste [D] restait13. Il est encore temps de partir pour la gare à condition que vous _______un taxi.[A] ayez pris [B] avez pris[C] prenez [D] preniez14. Il a beaucoup travaillé de sorte qu’il ______________.[A] avait réussi [B] aura réussi[C] a réussi [D] réussisse15. V ous ne croyez pas qu’il ____________ vous aider, vous vous trompez.[A] puisse [B] pourraC: peut [D] pûtIII. 填合适的介词：(19%)1. Ce texte est assez facile ___________ comprendre, mais il est bien difficile _______le traduire en chinois.2. Nous avons décidé __________ouvrir une discussion du texte.3. Il s’agit _________une position de classe.4. Les vives répliques de Cosette obligèrent sa copine ___________ se taire.5. Il est obligé _______ déjeuner sans boire.6. Les capitalistes vivent _______ la sueur des ouvriers.7. L’enfant aide la vieille femme ________ se déc harger de son panier.8. V oulez-vous prévenir mon oncle ________mon arrivée prochaine dans la capitale ?9. C’est moi qui les ai invités _________venir ici.10. Je posai une question _________ l’ouvrier qui me répondit _______ lever les yeux.11. La nourrice promit _______la mère ______ prendre soin du bébé.12. Qui a téléphoné _________ le clerc du notaire ?13. Il arrive _________tout le monde ________ commettre des erreurs. .14. Dites ________ votre frère _______ vous conduire _________l’hôpital.15. La jeune fille servait _________cet homme _______ secrétaire et ________interprète.16. Ma tante ne tardera pas _________ rentrer.17. A-t-il accepté l’invitation? Oui, il a accepté __________venir _______six heures.18. J’ai passé toute la journée _____ dim anche ________corriger mes devoirs.19. Je vais __________ l’épicière, allez chercher du pain __________la boulangerie.20. Ils ont beaucoup _________ se dire.IV．用适当的代词填空：（10%）1. Tu connais Venise? ----- Non, je n’__________ suis jamais allé.2. Tu voulais parler au directeur? Justement, _________voilà: c’est le moment, profites- ______!3. Ce manteau ne me plaît pas, mais regarde, _______ est très bien.4. Ta voiture est différente de __________: elle n’a que deux portes.5. La mode actuelle est plus pratique que _________ nos grands-mères.6. C’est le garçon ________le père est professeur de mathématiques.7. Les enfants _______tu vois jouer dans le jardin sont ceux du voisin.8. Il a rencontré une difficulté à __________ il n’avait pas pensé.9. Je me demande ___________ Jacques peut bien faire en ce moment.10. __________pour soi et Dieu pour tous.V. 中译法：（20 %）1．北京的春天很短，而且经常刮风。

华南理工大学2006年硕士研究生入学考试德语试卷

39. In der Presse wird oft über den Einfluss des Fernsehens _____ die Kinder diskutiert.
40. Vor der Abreise habe ich _____ ihm Abschied zu nehmen.
三．把划线部分改为从句,写出整个主从复合句（12％）
14. Heute habe ich eine Konferenz. Warum hast du mich _____ nicht früher erinnert?
a. daran b. darin c. damit d. davon
15. Die Probleme der Umweltverschmutzung müssen schnellst _____.
一．选出正确的答案（30%）
1. Dieses Instrument kann auf vielen Gebieten _____ finden.
a. Verbindung b. Versuch c. Verfassung d. Verwendung
2. Es ist _____ , eine Arbeit zu finden , als sie gedacht hat.
a. lösen... auf b. stehen... auf c. bringen... mit d. hängen... ab
26. Gib mir Bescheid , _____ der Telefonanruf kommt !
a. wo b. woher c. wohin d. wer
27.Wie geht es _____ Eltern ?
a. deinenb. deine c. deiner d. deinem

华南理工大学626英语综合水平测试2014年考研专业课真题试卷

华南理工大学2014年考研专业课真题试卷（原版）626华南理工大学2014年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷（试卷上做答无效，请在答题纸上做答，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）科目名称：英语综合水平测试适用专业：英语语言文学，外国语言学及应用语言学共12页Part I.Reading Comprehension(60marks,2marks each)Directions:There are6passages in this section.Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements.For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C)and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre.Passage1A new study from the Center for Information and Research on Civic Learning and Engagement(CIRCLE)at Tufts University shows that today's youth vote in larger numbers than previous generations,and a2008study from the Center for American Progress adds that increasing numbers of young voters and activists support traditionally liberal causes.But there's no easy way to see what those figures mean in real life.During the presidential campaign,Barack Obama assembled a racially and ideologically diverse coalition with his message of hope and change;as the reality of life under a new administration settles in,some of those supporters might become disillusioned.As the nation moves further into the Obama presidency,will politically engaged young people continue to support the president and his agenda,or will they gradually drift away?The writers of Generation O(short for Obama),a new Newsweek blog that seeks to chronicle the lives of a group of young Obama supporters,want to answer that question.For the next three months,Michelle Kremer and11other Obama supporters,ages19to34,will blog about life across mainstream America,with one twist:by tying all of their ideas and experiences to the new president and his administration,the bloggers will try to start a conversation about what it means to be young and politically active in America today.Malena Amusa,a24-year-old writer and dancer from St.Louis sees the project as a way to preserve history as it happens.Amusa,who is traveling to India this spring to finish a book,then to Senegal to teach English,has ongoing conversations with her friends about how the Obama presidency has changed their daily lives and hopes to put some of those ideas,along with her global perspective,into her posts.She's excited because,as she puts it,"I don't have to wait [until]15years from now"to make sense of the world.Henry Flores,a political-science professor at St.Mary's University,credits this younger generation's political strength to their embrace of technology."[The Internet]exposes them to more thinking,"he says,"and groups that are like-minded in different parts of the country start to come together."That's exactly what the Generation O bloggers are hoping to do.The result could be a group of young people that,like their boomer parents,grows up with9/13a strong sense of purpose and sheds the image of apathy they've inherited from Generation X.It's no small challenge for a blog run by a group of ordinary—if ambitious—young people,but the第1页。

华南理工大学2006年研究生入学考试《化工原理》试题

C）对流和辐射
11、某液体在内径为 d 0 的水平管路中稳定层流流动，其平均流速为
u0
，当它以
相同的体积流量通过等长的内径为 d 2 ( d 2 d 0 / 2) 的管子时，则其流速为原来的（）倍，压降△P 是原来的( )倍。
12、离心泵通过给定的管路，将河水送到固定高度的储罐。当冬天河水水位下降时，泵的输水能力（调到原来的流量。 13 、板式塔是根据塔板上的气液接触元件来分类，请列举三种板式塔 1 ）：）；为了保持原来的输送能力，可以采用（）的方法
9、低浓度逆流吸收操作中，当吸收剂用量增加而其他条件不变时，试判断下列参数的变化：吸收推动力Δy（件不变时，吸收推动力Δy（ A）增大 B）减小 C）不变），回收率η（），回收率η（ D）不确定） D 传导、对流）；当温度下降而其他条）。
10、在房间中利用火炉取暖时，其传热方式为：（ A）传导和对流和辐射 B）传导和辐射
×
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4、（20 分）一常压连续精馏塔分离某二元理想混合液，已知塔顶为泡点回流，进料
为饱和液体，其组成为 0.46（易挥发组分的摩尔分数，下同），该系统的相对挥发度为α=2.5。测得精馏段第 n 块塔板的汽、液相组成分别为 y n 0.83, x n 0.70 ，相邻上层塔板的液相组成为 x n 1 0.77 ，相邻下层塔板的汽相组成为 y n 1 0.78 ，试求：（1）精馏段操作线方程；（2）最小回流比；（3）精馏段第 n 块塔板的气相默弗里（Murphree）板效率 Emv,n；
（2）含不凝性气体的蒸气冷凝时，热阻由（ 18、为了提高恒速干燥过程的速率，可以采取（

华南理工大学华南理工2006年326英语综合水平测试考研真题及答案解析

a.discuss throwing
a. ignored
b. acknowledged
c. publicized
17. I could notfathomhis meaning.
a. comprehend
b. foil
c. examine
18. I don’t like his writings, for he always writes in a veryponderousfashion.
Part I. Vocabulary
Section One
Directions: In each of the following sentences, there is one word underlined, followed by three possible choices. Choose the one that is closest in meaning to this word.(10 marks)
26.The unexpected news gave him ajolt.
27.Can yousubstantiateyour claim in a court of law?
28.I haven’t a great deal of money in the bank, but ifit came to the pushI could lend you $100.
29.We shouldrevampour whole method of production.
30.In Britain, the right to make new law isvested inthe representatives of the people.

2006年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题

2006年全国硕士研究生入学统一考试英语试题Section I Use of EnglishDirections:Read the following text. Choose the best word(s) for each numbered blank and mark A, B, C or D on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points)The human nose is an underrated tool. Humans are often thought to be insensitive smellers compared with animals, __1__ this is largely because, __2__ animals, we stand upright. This means that our noses are __3__ to perceiving those smells which float through the air, __4__ the majority of smells which stick to surfaces. In fact, __5__, we are extremely sensitive to smells, __6__ we do not generally realize it. Our noses are capable of __7__ human smells even when these are __8__ to far below one part in one million.Strangely, some people find that they can smell one type of flower but not another, __9__ others are sensitive to the smells of both flowers. This may be because some people do not have the genes necessary to generate __10__ smell receptors in the nose. These receptors are the cells which sense smells and send __11__ to the brain. However, it has been found that even people insensitive to a certain smell __12__ can suddenly become sensitive to it when __13__ to it often enough.The explanation for insensitivity to smell seems to be that brain finds it __14__ to keep all smell receptors working all the time but can __15__ new receptors if necessary. This may __16__ explain why we are not usually sensitive to our own smells we simply do not need to be. We are not __17__ of the usual smell of our own house but we __18__ new smells when we visit someone else’s. The brain finds it best to keep smell receptors __19__ for unfamiliar and emergency signals __20__ the smell of smoke, which might indicate the danger of fire.1.[A] although [B] as [C] but [D] while2.[A] above [B] unlike [C] excluding [D] besides3.[A] limited [B] committed [C] dedicated [D] confined4.[A] catching [B] ignoring [C] missing [D] tracking5.[A] anyway [B] though [C] instead [D] therefore6.[A] even if [B] if only [C] only if [D] as if7.[A] distinguishing [B] discovering [C] determining [D] detecting8.[A] diluted [B] dissolved [C] dispersed [D] diffused9.[A] when [B] since [C] for [D] whereas10.[A] unusual [B] particular [C] unique [D] typical11.[A] signs [B] stimuli [C] messages [D] impulses12.[A] at first [B] at all [C] at large [D] at times13.[A] subjected [B] left [C] drawn [D] exposed14.[A] ineffective [B] incompetent [C] inefficient [D] insufficient15.[A] introduce [B] summon [C] trigger [D] create16.[A] still [B] also [C] otherwise [D] nevertheless17.[A] sure [B] sick [C] aware [D] tired18.[A] tolerate [B] repel [C] neglect [D] notice19.[A] available [B] reliable [C] identifiable [D] suitable20.[A] similar to [B] such as [C] along with [D] aside fromSection II Reading ComprehensionPart ADirections:Read the following four texts. Answer the questions below each text by choosing A, B, C, or D. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (40 points)Text 1Everybody loves a fat pay rise. Yet pleasure at your own can vanish if you learn that a colleague has been given a bigger one. Indeed, if he has a reputation for slacking, you might even be outraged. Such behaviour is regarded as “all too human,”with the underlying assumption that other animals would not be capable of this finely developed sense of grievance. But a study by Sarah Brosnan and Frans de Waal of Emory University in Atlanta, Georgia, which has just been published in Nature, suggests that it is all too monkey, as well.The researchers studied the behaviour of female brown capuchin monkeys. They look cute. They are good-natured, cooperative creatures, and they share their food readily. Above all, like their female human counterparts, they tend to pay much closer attention to the value of “goods and services”than males.Such characteristics make them perfect candidates for Dr. Brosnan’s and Dr. de waal’s study. The researchers spent two years teaching their monkeys to exchange tokens for food. Normally, the monkeys were happy enough to exchange pieces of rock for slices of cucumber. However, when two monkeys were placed in separate but adjoining chambers, so that each could observe what the other was getting in return for its rock, their behaviour became markedly different.In the world of capuchins, grapes are luxury goods (and much preferable to cucumbers). So when one monkey was handed a grape in exchange for her token, the second was reluctant to hand hers over for a mere piece of cucumber. And if one received a grape without having to provide her token in exchange at all, the other either tossed her own token at the researcher or out of the chamber, or refused to accept the slice of cucumber. Indeed, the mere presence of a grape in the other chamber (without an actual monkey to eat it) was enough to induce resentment in a female capuchin.The researches suggest that capuchin monkeys, like humans, are guided by social emotions. In the wild, they are a cooperative, group-living species. Such cooperation is likely to be stable only when each animal feels it is not being cheated. Feelings of righteous indignation, it seems, are not the preserve of people alone. Refusing a lesser reward completely makes these feelings abundantly clear to other members of the group. However, whether such a sense of fairness evolved independently in capuchins and humans, or whether it stems from the common ancestor that the species had 35 million years ago, is, as yet, an unanswered question.21. In the opening paragraph, the author introduces his topic by ________.[A] posing a contrast[B] justifying an assumption[C] making a comparison[D] explaining a phenomenon22. The statement “it is all too monkey”(Last line, paragraph l) implies that ________.[A] monkeys are also outraged by slack rivals[B] resenting unfairness is also monkeys’nature[C] monkeys, like humans, tend to be jealous of each other[D] no animals other than monkeys can develop such emotions23. Female capuchin monkeys were chosen for the research most probably because they are _____.[A] more inclined to weigh what they get[B] attentive to researchers’instructions[C] nice in both appearance and temperament[D] more generous than their male companions24. Dr. Brosnan and Dr. de Waal have eventually found in their study that the monkeys ________.[A] prefer grapes to cucumbers[B] can be taught to exchange things[C] will not be cooperative if feeling cheated[D] are unhappy when separated from others25. What can we infer from the last paragraph?[A] Monkeys can be trained to develop social emotions.[B] Human indignation evolved from an uncertain source.[C] Animals usually show their feelings openly as humans do.[D] Cooperation among monkeys remains stable only in the wild.Text 2Do you remember all those years when scientists argued that smoking would kill us but the doubters insisted that we didn’t know for sure? That the evidence was inconclusive, the science uncertain? That the antismoking lobby was out to destroy our way of life and the government should stay out of the way? Lots of Americans bought that nonsense, and over three decades, some 10 million smokers went to early graves.There are upsetting parallels today, as scientists in one wave after another try to awaken us to the growing threat of global warming. The latest was a panel from the National Academy of Sciences, enlisted by the White House, to tell us that the Earth’s atmosphere is definitely warming and that the problem is largely man-made. The clear message is that we should get moving to protect ourselves. The president of the National Academy, Bruce Alberts, added this key point in the preface to the panel’s report: “Science never has all the answers. But science does provide us with the best available guide to the future, and it is critical that our nation and the world base important policies on the best judgments that science can provide concerning the future consequences of present actions.”Just as on smoking, voices now come from many quarters insisting that the science about global warming is incomplete, that it’s Ok to keep pouring fumes into the air until we know for sure. This is a dangerous game: by the 100 percent of the evidence is in, it may be too late. Withthe risks obvious and growing, a prudent people would take out an insurance policy now.Fortunately, the White House is starting to pay attention. But it’s obvious that a majority of the president’s advisers still don’t take global warming seriously. Instead of a plan of action, they continue to press for more research -- a classic case of “paralysis by analysis”.To serve as responsible stewards of the planet, we must press forward on deeper atmospheric and oceanic research. But research alone is inadequate. If the Administration won’t take the legislative initiative, Congress should help to begin fashioning conservation measures. A bill by Democratic Senator Robert Byrd of West Virginia, which would offer financial incentives for private industry, is a promising start. Many see that the country is getting ready to build lots of new power plants to meet our energy needs. If we are ever going to protect the atmosphere, it is crucial that those new plants be environmentally sound.26. An argument made by supporters of smoking was that ________.[A] there was no scientific evidence of the correlation between smoking and death[B] the number of early deaths of smokers in the past decades was insignificant[C] people had the freedom to choose their own way of life[D] antismoking people were usually talking nonsense27. According to Bruce Alberts, science can serve as ________.[A] a protector [B] a judge [C] a critic [D] a guide28. What does the author mean by “paralysis by analysis”(Last line, paragraph 4)?[A] Endless studies kill action.[B] Careful investigation reveals truth.[C] Prudent planning hinders progress.[D] Extensive research helps decision-making.29. According to the author, what should the Administration do about global warming?[A] Offer aid to build cleaner power plants.[B] Raise public awareness of conservation.[C] Press for further scientific research.[D] Take some legislative measures.30. The author associates the issue of global warming with that of smoking because ____.[A] they both suffered from the government’s negligence[B] a lesson from the latter is applicable to the former[C] the outcome of the latter aggravates the former[D] both of them have turned from bad to worseText 3Of all the components of a good night’s sleep, dreams seem to be least within our control. In dreams, a window opens into a world where logic is suspended and dead people speak. A century ago, Freud formulated his revolutionary theory that dreams were the disguised shadows of our unconscious desires and fears; by the late 1970s, neurologists had switched to thinking of them as just “mental noise”-- the random byproducts of the neural-repair work that goes on during sleep. Now researchers suspect that dreams are part of the mind’s emotional thermostat, regulating moods while the brain is “off-line.”And one leading authority says that theseintensely powerful mental events can be not only harnessed but actually brought under conscious control, to help us sleep and feel better. “It’s your dream,”says Rosalind Cartwright, chair of psychology at Chicago’s Medical Center. “If you don’t like it, change it.”Evidence from brain imaging supports this view. The brain is as active during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep -- when most vivid dreams occur -- as it is when fully awake, says Dr, Eric Nofzinger at the University of Pittsburgh. But not all parts of the brain are equally involved; the limbic system (the “emotional brain”) is especially active, while the prefrontal cortex (the center of intellect and reasoning) is relatively quiet. “We wake up from dreams happy or depressed, and those feelings can stay with us all day.”says Stanford sleep researcher Dr. William Dement.The link between dreams and emotions show up among the patients in Cartwright’s clinic. Most people seem to have more bad dreams early in the night, progressing toward happier ones before awakening, suggesting that they are working through negative feelings generated during the day. Because our conscious mind is occupied with daily life we don’t always think about the emotional significance of the day’s events -- until, it appears, we begin to dream.And this process need not be left to the unconscious. Cartwright believes one can exercise conscious control over recurring bad dreams. As soon as you awaken, identify what is upsetting about the dream. Visualize how you would like it to end instead; the next time it occurs, try to wake up just enough to control its course. With much practice people can learn to, literally, do it in their sleep.At the end of the day, there’s probably little reason to pay attention to our dreams at all unless they keep us from sleeping or “we waken up in a panic,”Cartwright says. Terrorism, economic uncertainties and general feelings of insecurity have increased people’s anxiety. Those suffering from persistent nightmares should seek help from a therapist. For the rest of us, the brain has its ways of working through bad feelings. Sleep -- or rather dream -- on it and you’ll feel better in the morning.31. Researchers have come to believe that dreams ________.[A] can be modified in their courses[B] are susceptible to emotional changes[C] reflect our innermost desires and fears[D] are a random outcome of neural repairs32. By referring to the limbic system, the author intends to show ________.[A] its function in our dreams[B] the mechanism of REM sleep[C] the relation of dreams to emotions[D] its difference from the prefrontal cortex33. The negative feelings generated during the day tend to ________.[A] aggravate in our unconscious mind[B] develop into happy dreams[C] persist till the time we fall asleep[D] show up in dreams early at night34. Cartwright seems to suggest that ________.[A] waking up in time is essential to the ridding of bad dreams[B] visualizing bad dreams helps bring them under control[C] dreams should be left to their natural progression[D] dreaming may not entirely belong to the unconscious35. What advice might Cartwright give to those who sometimes have had dreams?[A] Lead your life as usual.[B] Seek professional help.[C] Exercise conscious control.[D] Avoid anxiety in the daytime.Text 4Americans no longer expect public figures, whether in speech or in writing, to command the English language with skill and gift. Nor do they aspire to such command themselves. In his latest book, Doing Our Own Thing: The Degradation of Language and Music and Why We Should, Like, Care, John McWhorter, a linguist and controversialist of mixed liberal and conservative views, sees the triumph of 1960s counter-culture as responsible for the decline of formal English.Blaming the permissive 1960s is nothing new, but this is not yet another criticism against the decline in education. Mr. McWhorter’s academic speciality is language history and change, and he sees the gradual disappearance of “whom,”for example, to be natural and no more regrettable than the loss of the case-endings of Old English.But the cult of the authentic and the personal, “doing our own thing,”has spelt the death of formal speech, writing, poetry and music. While even the modestly educated sought an elevated tone when they put pen to paper before the 1960s, even the most well regarded writing since then has sought to capture spoken English on the page. Equally, in poetry, the highly personal, performative genre is the only form that could claim real liveliness. In both oral and written English, talking is triumphing over speaking, spontaneity over craft.Illustrated with an entertaining array of examples from both high and low culture, the trend that Mr. McWhorter documents is unmistakable. But it is less clear, to take the question of his subtitle, why we should, like, care. As a linguist, he acknowledges that all varieties of human language, including non-standard ones like Black English, can be powerfully expressive -- there exists no language or dialect in the world that cannot convey complex ideas. He is not arguing, as many do, that we can no longer think straight because we do not talk proper.Russians have a deep love for their own language and carry large chunks of memorized poetry in their heads, while Italian politicians tend to elaborate speech that would seem old-fashioned to most English-speakers. Mr. McWhorter acknowledges that formal language is not strictly necessary, and proposes no radical education reforms -- he is really grieving over the loss of something beautiful more than useful. We now take our English “on paper plates instead of china.”A shame, perhaps, but probably an inevitable one.36. According to McWhorter, the decline of formal English ________.[A] is inevitable in radical education reforms[B] is but all too natural in language development[C] has caused the controversy over the counter-culture[D] brought about changes in public attitudes in the 1960s37. The word “talking”(Line 6, paragraph 3) denotes ________.[A] modesty[B] personality[C] liveliness[D] informality38. To which of the following statements would McWhorter most likely agree?[A] Logical thinking is not necessarily related to the way we talk.[B] Black English can be more expressive than standard English.[C] Non-standard varieties of human language are just as entertaining.[D] Of all the varieties, standard English can best convey complex ideas.39. The description of Russians’love of memorizing poetry shows the author’s ________.[A] interest in their language[B] appreciation of their efforts[C] admiration for their memory[D] contempt for their old-fashionedness40. According to the last paragraph, “paper plates”is to “china”as ________.[A] “temporary”is to “permanent”[B] “radical”is to “conservative”[C] “functional”is to “artistic”[D] “humble”is to “noble”Part BDirections:In the following text, some sentences have removed. For Questions 41-45, choose the most suitable one from the list A-G to fit into of the numbered blank there are two extra choices, which do not fit in any of the gaps. Mark your answers on ANSWER SHEET 1. (10 points) Canada’s premiers (the leaders of provincial governments), if they have any breath left after complaining about Ottawa at their late July annual meeting, might spare a moment to do something, together, to reduce health-care costs.They’re all groaning about soaring health budgets, the fastest-growing component of which are pharmaceutical costs.41. ________What to do? Both the Romanow commission and the Kirby committee on health care -- to say nothing of reports from other experts -- recommended the creation of a national drug agency. Instead of each province having its own list of approved drugs, bureaucracy, procedures and limited bargaining power, all would pool resources, work with Ottawa, and create a national institution.42. ________But “national”doesn’t have to mean that. “National”could mean interprovincial -- provinces combining efforts to create one body.Either way, one benefit of a “national”organization would be to negotiate better prices, ifpossible, with drug manufacturers. Instead of having one province -- or a series of hospitals within a province -- negotiate a price for a given drug on the provincial list, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of all provinces.Rather than, say, Quebec, negotiating on behalf of seven million people, the national agency would negotiate on behalf of 31 million people. Basic economics suggests the greater the potential consumers, the higher the likelihood of a better price.43. ________A small step has been taken in the direction of a national agency with the creation of the Canadian Coordinating Office for Health Technology Assessment, funded by Ottawa and the provinces. Under it, a Common Drug Review recommends to provincial lists which new drugs should be included. Predictably, and regrettably, Quebec refused to join.A few premiers are suspicious of any federal-provincial deal-making. They (particularly Quebec and Alberta) just want Ottawa to fork over additional billions with few, if any, strings attached. That’s one reason why the idea of a national list hasn’t gone anywhere while drug costs keep rising fast.44. ________Premiers love to quote Mr. Romanow’s report selectively, especially the parts about more federal money. Perhaps they should read what he had to say about drugs: “A national drug agency would provide governments more influence on pharmaceutical companies in order to constrain the ever-increasing cost of drugs.”45. ________So when the premiers gather in Niagara Falls to assemble their usual complaint list, they should also get cracking about something in their jurisdiction that would help their budgets and patients.[A] Quebec’s resistance to a national agency is provincialist ideology. One of the first advocates for a national list was a researcher at Laval University. Quebec’s Drug Insurance Fund has seen its costs skyrocket with annual increases from 14.3 per cent to 26.8 per cent![B] Or they could read Mr. Kirby’s report: “the substantial buying power of such an agency would strengthen the public prescription-drug insurance plans to negotiate the lowest possible purchase prices from drug companies.”[C] What does “national”mean? Roy Romanow and Senator Michael Kirby recommended a federal-provincial body much like the recently created National Health Council.[D] The problem is simple and stark: health-care costs have been, are, and will continue to increase faster than government revenues.[E] According to the Canadian Institute for Health Information, prescription drug costs have risen since 1997 at twice the rate of overall health-care spending. Part of the increase comes from drugs being used to replace other kinds of treatments. Part of it arises from new drugs costing more than older kinds. Part of it is higher prices.[F] So, if the provinces want to run the health-care show, they should prove they can run it, starting with an interprovincial health list that would end duplication, save administrative costs, prevent one province from being played off against another, and bargain for better drug prices. [G] Of course the pharmaceutical companies will scream. They like divided buyers; they canlobby better that way. They can use the threat of removing jobs from one province to another. They can hope that, if one province includes a drug on its list, the pressure will cause others to include it on theirs. They wouldn’t like a national agency, but self-interest would lead them to deal with it.Part CDirections:Read the following text carefully and then translate the underlined segments into Chinese. Your translation should be written clearly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (10 points)It is not easy to talk about the role of the mass media in this overwhelmingly significant phase in European history. History and news become confused, and one’s impressions tend to be a mixture of skepticism and optimism. （46) Television is one of the means by which these feelings are created and conveyed -- and perhaps never before has it served so much to connect different peoples and nations as in the recent events in Europe. The Europe that is now forming cannot be anything other than its peoples, their cultures and national identities. With this in mind we can begin to analyze the European television scene. （47) In Europe, as elsewhere, multi-media groups have been increasingly successful: groups which bring together television, radio, newspapers, magazines and publishing houses that work in relation to one another. One Italian example would be the Berlusconi group, while abroad Maxwell and Murdoch come to mind.Clearly, only the biggest and most flexible television companies are going to be able to compete in such a rich and hotly-contested market. （48) This alone demonstrates that the television business is not an easy world to survive in, a fact underlined by statistics that show that out of eighty European television networks, no less than 50% took a loss in 1989.Moreover, the integration of the European community will oblige television companies to cooperate more closely in terms of both production and distribution.（49) Creating a “European identity”that respects the different cultures and traditions which go to make up the connecting fabric of the Old Continent is no easy task and demands a strategic choice -- that of producing programs in Europe for Europe. This entails reducing our dependence on the North American market, whose programs relate to experiences and cultural traditions which are different from our own.In order to achieve these objectives, we must concentrate more on co-productions, the exchange of news, documentary services and training. This also involves the agreements between European countries for the creation of a European bank for Television Production which, on the model of European Investments Bank, will handle the finances necessary for production costs.（50) In dealing with a challenge on such a scale, it is no exaggeration to say “United we stand, divided we fall”-- and if I had to choose a slogan it would be “Unity in our diversity.”A unity of objectives that nonetheless respect the varied peculiarities of each country.Section III WritingPart A51. Directions:Two months ago you got a job as an editor for the magazine Designs & fashions. But nowyou find that the work is not what you expected. You decide to quit. Write a letter to your boss, Mr. Wang, telling him your decision, stating your reason (s), and making an apology.Write your letter with no less than 100 words. Write it neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2.Do not sign your own name at the end of the letter; use “Li Ming”instead.You do not need to write the address. (10 points)Part B52. Directions:Write an essay of 160-200 words based on the following drawing. In your essay, you should first describe the drawing, then interpret its meaning, and give your comment on it.You should write neatly on ANSWER SHEET 2. (20 points)2005年试题答案及解析第一部分英语知识运用一、文章体裁结构分析这是一篇说明文。

华南理工大学研究生英语考试听力试题

Listening TestI. Listen to the sentences and choose the correct answer.1. a. concession b. brand c. guarantee2. a. nuisance b. aisle c. label3. a. direct access b. mega storage c. affordable4. a. catalog b. features c. exchanges5. a. perishable b. imported c. expiration6. a. guarantee b. high end c. deal7. a. warranty b. nuisance c. electronic equipment8. a. features b. high end c. domestic9. a. produce b. dairy c. poultry10. a. domestic b. perishable c. toiletriesII. You will hear three conversations. At the beginning of each conversation, you will hear a question. Listen to the conversation. Then , circle the best answer.1. a. two b. three c. we don’t know2. a. the elevator b. Annie c. the dog3. a. man guilty of robberyb. man innocent of robberyc. man suspected of robberyIII. Spot dictation: Listen to this conversation twice and fill in the blanks with exact words in the recording .Officer: Now calm down! Are you sure you had your wallet with you? Man: Yes, I’m dead sure (1) I had it with me. Officer: Can you remember who was standing around you?Man: Ah—Well, let me see…Yes, of course. There was this older woman in front of me. She was small and round (2) and had short gray hair. She was wearing a pink raincoat(3) with a matching hat. Oh, I’m sure she couldn’t have stolen mywallet.Officer: Now, don’t be so sure. Sometimes pickpockets are very smart and disguise (4) themselves with special clothing to trick (5) their victims.Man: Oh, I can’t believe that that sweet old woman is a criminal. She must have been as old as my grandmother.Officer: That doesn’t mean anything. Remember, young pickpockets someday become old pickpockets.Man: I still don’t think she did it.Officer: Okay, well can you remember anyone else who was near you? Man: You know there was a very odd-looking (6) man behind me. He was about 5’10”, and between 40 and 50 yearsold.Officer: Could you identify(7) him if we showed you pictures?Man: I think so. He was wearing a long dark coat and had short brown hair. (8). You know, now that I think of it, he looked rather suspicious(9) . He was wearing sunglasses even though it’s dark andcloudy(10) today. Maybe he took my wallet. You’ve got to go inside and find him!IV. Listen to the passage for three times and complete the sentences you have heard .1.The world health organization calls tobacco______________________________________.2.Since cancer can be a long-term consequence of tobacco smoking,_______________________________________________________.3.Cigarette smoke also reduces lungfunction,_______________________________________4.The physical changes taking place inside the body can’t readily beseen _________________5.the skin of the person who smokes is going to_____________________________________I. 1.b 2.a. 3.c 4.b 5.b 6.c 7.a 8.b 9.a 10.b II. 1. b 2. b 3. cIII. 1. I’m dead sure2. small and round3. a pink raincoat4. disguise5. trick6. odd-looking7. identify8. had short brown hair.9. suspicious10. dark and cloudyPart 4The world health organization calls tobacco the leading cause of preventable death in the world. In December , the WHO launched a campaign against cigarette smoking in Africa, saying a rapidly growing population is creating “larger and more accessible markets” on the continent for tobacco companies.Since cancer can be a long-term consequence of tobacco smoking, there are much quicker unhealthy effects such as nicotine addiction .A blood clot in the wrong place can stop the flow of blood to the heart, triggering a heart attack. Cigarette smoke also reduces lung function, even if inhaled as second-hand smoke.The physical changes taking place inside the body can’t readily be seen without the aid of medical equipment. But there are telltale signs on the outside.The skin is going to age more rapidly. For instance, if we take some twins, one who smokes and the other one doesn’t, and they do everything exactly the same, the skin of the person who smokes is going to have more wrinkles and is going to look much older. Maybe like even 10 years older.Quitting is not easy, whether it’s done by sheer willpower or with the help of medication. It may take numerous attempts to break the nicotine addiction, but the Johns Hopkins professor says it’s worth it .。

华南理工大学攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试英语综合水平测试2005

Section Two Directions: In each of the following sentences, there is one italicized word or phrase. Write down its Chinese equivalent on the answer sheet. (10 marks) 1. With uncontrollable agitation, she opened the telegram. 2. He is candid about his opinion. 3. Evening was evidently approaching, but the sun did not relent. 4. His entire argument was simply mush. 5. He ran out on his promise to help us. 6. Dishes commended by some people may be nauseated by others. 7. John was prolific in shoes and ties. 8. Mary was a handsome woman with regular features. 9. When my ship comes in, I will take a trip to Norway. 10. Lunch was served in two sittings. 11. Smith could smatter French.
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华南理工大学 2005 年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷
（试卷上做答无效，请在答题纸上做答，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）科目名称：英语综合水平测试适用专业：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学共 Part I. Vocabulary (20 marks) Section One Directions: Choose the word or phrase that best completes the sentence. (10 marks) 1. I know you are tired and disappointed, but don’t take it ___ on me. a. off b. out c. after 2. To have a lot of stress is similar to being ___ down by a lot of problems. a. poured b. cut c. weighted 3. To eat food very quickly is to ___. a. bolt it down b. pig out c. whip it up 4. The professor got in trouble for making __________ remarks about the Dean of Faculty. a. benign b. pejorative c. pensive 5. He put ___ for a transfer, but it was refused. a. on b. in c. by 6. To say something suddenly and without thinking is to ___. a. ease up b. rub in c. blurt out 页

华南理工大学2006年考研财会综合试题

a单价b单位变动成本c单价单位变动成本d单位贡献毛益8在对原始投资额相同的互斥方案进行决策时最适宜采用的动态方法之一是a差别损益分析法b差额内含报酬率法c净现值法d静态投资回收期法9在进行选择何种产品进行增产的决策时如果产品市场容量不予考虑对增产产品的选择是以每一机器小时提供的贡献毛益的大小为依据这是因为a各种产品的单位贡献毛益不同b对于各种产品每一机器小时生产出来的数量不同c产品增产后总的效益取决于剩余生产能力的多少d各种产品的单位净收益不同10在产销平衡的情况下一个企业同时生产多种产品其中一种单位贡献毛益为正的的产品在按完全成本计算法计算分产品的损益时变为亏损产品其根本原因在于a该产品存在严重积压b该产品总成本太高c该产品上分担的固定成本相对较高d该产品产生的总贡献毛益不足以抵消分摊的固定费用三简答题共27企业在作出更新设备还是继续使用旧设备时要考虑的成本和收益分别有那些使用什么决策指标
33月15日，将Z公司于2004年1月15日开出的期限6个月，面值200 000元，票面利率为5％的商业承兑汇票贴现，银行的贴现率为6％。计算贴现额，并作出贴现时的会计分录。对于该项票据在2004年的中期报告（报告日为6月30日）中是否应加以反映，如果反映采用何种方式？（5分）
第二部分：管理会计（75分）
A．变动成本B．责任成本
C．内部转移价格D．重置价格
2．对于任何一个成本中心来说，其责任成本应等于该中心的（）
A．产品成本B．固定成本之和
C．可控成本之和D．不可控成本之和
3．某企业每月固定成本2,000元,单价20元,计划销售产品500件,欲实现目标利润1,000元,其单位变动成本为( )元。
A.12 B.13 C.14 D.15
4．随销售量变动而变动的资产项目，肯定不包括以下（）。

华南理工大学_624微生物学2006--2017年_考研真题

华南理工大学2017年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷（试卷上做答无效，请在答题纸上做答，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）科目名称：微生物学适用专业：生理学；微生物学；生物化学与分子生物学华南理工大学2006年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷（试卷上做答无效，请在答题纸上做答，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）科目名称：微生物学适用专业：环境科学微生物学生物化学与分子生物学共页一、填空题（每个空1分，共50分）1. 微生物与其他生物一样，按国际命名法命名，即采用。

在前，用文的___词来表示，在后，用___词表示。

例如枯草芽孢杆菌的学名是，黑曲霉的学名是。

2. 放线菌的菌丝可分为、和三种。

对放线菌进行革兰氏染色，被染成色，为革兰氏性菌。

放线菌的分类位置属于纲、亚纲。

3. 细菌的基本形态有、、三种。

4.烈性噬菌体侵蚀寄主细胞的过程可分为、、、、五个阶段。

5.三域学说是对各大类微生物的____进行测定后提出的，它将微生物分为_ ___、____和____三个域。

6. 细菌的大小一般用作单位，而病毒的大小一般用作单位。

7. 细菌细胞的特殊结构是指、、和。

8. 微生物的营养要素有、、、、和等六大类。

9. 单细胞微生物间歇发酵的典型生长曲线可分为、、和等四个时期。

10. 细菌的细胞壁特有的组分是，它是由、和组成的亚单位聚合而成；酵母菌的细胞壁主要成分是和；而大部分霉菌的细胞壁是由组成的。

二、单项选择题（每小题2分，共30分）1. 霉菌中的分别是具有假根和足细胞。

a. 米根霉和桔青霉b. 米根霉和黄曲霉c. 高大毛霉和黑曲霉d.黑根霉和红曲霉2.微生物可以通过形成子囊孢子进行有性繁殖，在___中存在这种繁殖方式。

a. 芽孢杆菌属b. 链霉菌属c. 酵母菌属d. 根霉属3. 青霉素族的抗生素主要用于抗。

a. 病毒b. 真菌c. 革兰氏阴性菌d. 革兰氏阳性菌4. 每分子葡萄糖经双歧发酵途径可以净得分子ATP。

a.0b. 1c. 2d. 2.55. 溶菌酶杀灭细菌的作用机理是。

华南理工大学2006年部分考研真题(待续)

华南理工大学2006年硕士研究生入学考试半导体物理试卷一、解释下列概念：（20分）1、霍尔效应：2、共有化运动3、杂质补偿4、肖特基势垒5、非平衡载流子寿命二、简述硅和砷化镓能带结构的异同。

（10分）三、简述产生半导体激光的基本条件。

（10分）四、简述半导体光吸收的主要物理过程，并在能带示意图上定性表示之。

（10分）五、试述什么是简并、非简并半导体；给出非简并、弱简并及简并半导体的区分标准，并说明其含义。

（15分）六、请解释迁移率概念，并说明对于半导体硅而言影响其迁移率的主要因素。

（15分）七、请定性画出n-n型异质结平衡时能带图，并给予简要解释。

（15分）八、用n型Si衬底制成MOS电容，解释该结构在积累、耗尽、弱反型、强反型下的电容值变化规律，并画出高频、低频的C-V曲线。

（15分）九、在半导体硅材料中掺入施主杂质浓度ND = 1015/cm3，受主杂质浓度NA = 4×1014/cm3；设室温下本征硅材料的电阻率ri=2.2×105W.cm，假设电子和空穴的迁移率分别为mn =1350cm2/(V.S), mp = 500cm2/(V.S)，不考虑杂质浓度对迁移率的影响，求掺杂样品的电导率。

（20分）十、施主浓度ND = 1016/cm3的n型单晶硅片，求室温下功函数是多少？若忽略表面态的影响，当它同金属Al、Au、Mo接触时，分别形成何种接触？并定性画出该n型硅与金属Al接触前后的能带示意图。

已知硅的电子亲和能Xs =4.0eV，NC = 1019/cm3，设金属的功函数分别为Wal = 4.05 eV, WAu = 5.20eV, WMo = 4.21 eV。

（20分）华南理工大学2006年硕士研究生入学考试辩证唯物主义与历史唯试卷一、单项选择题：（在每小题的备选答案中选出一个正确答案，填在答题纸的相应题号的空格内。

每小题2分，共40分）1、哲学的基本问题是（）A.世界观和方法论的关系问题B.物质和运动的关系问题C.理论和实践的关系问题D.思维和存在的关系问题2、绝对真理是指（）。

华南理工大学入学考试（英语）

华南理工大学入学考试（英语）华南理工大学大学英语分班试题库精选College English Test For Freshmen(仅供内部交流)注意事项1.请按座位表双隔位入座,将准考证（校园卡、学生卡）放在座位的左上角。

2.将自己的姓名、院系、班级写在客观题卡左上方的方框中，将学生代号填入答题卡右上方的方框中。

具体填法如下：把学号中的前2位数字（20）去掉，然后将剩下的10位填入答题卡。

如某学生的学号为200542019018，去掉“20”，将剩下的“0542019018”填入答题卡即可。

最后在竖列的相对应的数字框中划线。

3.所有客观题（4选1）的答案一不定期要写在答题卡上。

4.听写/简答/填空/翻译题的答案写在主观题答题纸上。

5.凡是写在试题册的答案一律作废。

6.请严格按照题号答题划线。

7.考试结束待监考老师收齐试卷并清点完毕后方可离开教室。

8.请仔细阅读注意事项。

Model Test 1Part One Listening ComprehensionSection ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said –Both the conversation and the question will be spoken only once. After each question there will be pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A),B),C)and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a linethrough the centre.Example: Y ou will hear:Y ou will read:A)At the office.B)In the waiting room.C) At the airport.D)In a restaurant.From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they had to finish in the evening. This is most likely to have taken place at the office. Therefore, A)At the office is the best answer. Y ou should choose[A] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the centre.1. A)She is not interested in the article.B)She has giver the man much trouble.C)She would like to have a copy of the article.D)She doesn’t want to take the trouble to read the article.2.A)He saw the big tower he visited on TV.B)He has visited the TV tower twice.C)He has visited the TV tower once.D)He will visit the TV tower in June.3. A)The woman has trouble getting along with the professor.B)The woman regrets having taken up much of the professor’s time.C)The woman knows the professor has been busy.D)The woman knows the professor has run into trouble.4. A)He doesn’t enjoy business trips as much as he used to.B)He doesn’t think he is capable of doing the job.C)He thinks the pay is too low to support his family.D)He wants to spend more time with his family.5. A)The man thought the essay was easy.B)The both had a hard time writing the essay.C)The woman thought the essay was easy.D)Neither of them has finished the assignment yet.6. A)In the park. B)Between two buildings.C)In his apartment D)Under a huge tree.7. A)It’s awfully dull. B)It’s really exciting.C)It’s very exhausting. D)It’s quite challenging.8. A)Movie. B)A lecture. C)A play. D)A speech.9. A)The weather is mild compared to the past years.B)They are having the coldest winter ever.C)The weather will soon get warmer.D)The weather may get even colder.10. A)The mystery story.B)The hiring of a shop assistant.C)The search for a reliable witness.D)An unsolved case of robbery.Section BPassage OneQuestions 11 to 14 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A)They want to change the way English is taught.B)They learn English to find well-paid jobs.C)They want to have an up-to-date knowledge of English.D)They know clearly what they want to learn.12. A)Professionals. B)College students.C)Beginners D)Intermediate earners.13. A)Courses for doctors. B)Courses for businessmen.C)Courses for reporters. D)Courses for lawyers.14. A)Three groups of learners. B)The importance of businessEnglish.C)English for Specific Purposes. D)Features of English for different papacies. Passage TwoQuestions 15 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.15. A)To show off their wealth.B)To feel good.C)To regain their memory.D)To be different from others.16. A)To help solve their psychological problems.B)To play games with them.C)To send sham to the hospital.D)To make them aware of its harmfulness.17. A)They need care and affection.B)They are fond of round-the-world trips.C)They are mostly from broken families.D)They are likely to commit crimes.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A)Because it was too heavy.B)Because it did not bend easily.C)Because it did not shoot far.D)Because its string was short.19. A)It went out of use 300 years ago.B)It was invented alter the short how.C)It was discovered before fire and the wheel.D)It’s still in use today.20.A)They are accurate and easy to pull.B)Their shooting range is 40 yards.C)They are usually used indoors.D)They took 100years to develop.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Y ou should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.Design of all the new tools and implements is based on careful experiments with electronic instruments. First, a human “guinea pig” is tested using a regular tool. Measurements are taken of the amount of work done, and the buildup of heat in the body. Twisted joints and stretched muscles can not perform as well, it has been found, as joints and muscles in their normal positions. The same person is then tested again, using a tool designed according to the suggestions made by Dr. Tichauer. All these tests have shown the great improvement of the new designs over the old.One of the electronic instruments used by Dr. Tichauer, the myograph (肌动记器), makes visible through electrical signals the work done by human muscle.Another machine measures any dangerous features of tools, thus proving information upon which to base a new design. One conclusion of tests made with this machine is that a tripod stepladder is more stable and safer to use than one with four legs.This work has attracted the attention of efficiency experts and time-and-motion-study engineer, but its value goes far beyond that. Dr. Tichauer’s first thought is for the health of thetool user. With the repeated use of the same tool all day long on production lines and in other jobs, even light manual work can put a heavy stress on one small area of the body. In time, such stress can cause a disabling disease. Furthermore, muscle fatigue is a serious safety hazard.Efficiency is the by-product of comfort, Dr. Tichauer believes, and his new designs for traditional tools have proved his point.21.What are involved in the design of a new tool according to the passage?A)Electronic instruments and a regular tool.B)A human “guinea pig ” and a regular tool.C)E lectronic instruments and a human “guinea pig”.D)Electronic instruments, a human “guinea pig” and a regular tool.22.From the passage we know that joints and muscles perform best when .A)they are twisted and stretchedB)they are in their normal positionsC)they are tested with a human “guinea pig”D)they are tested with electronic instruments23.A“myograph” (Para. 2, Line 1) is an electronic instrument that .A)is able to design new toolsB)measures the amount of energy usedC)enable people to see the muscular movementsD)visualizes electrical signals24.It can be inferred form the passage that .A)a stepladder used to have four legsB)it is dangerous to use toolsC)a tripod is safer in a tool designD)workers are safer on production lines25.Dr. Tichauer started his experiments initially to .A)improve efficiencyB)increase productionC)reduce work loadD)improve comfortQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.More and more , the operations of our businesses, governments, and financial institutions are controlled by information that exists only inside computer memories. Anyone clever enough to modify this information for his own purposes can reap big reward. Even worse, a number of people who have done this and been caught at it have managed to get away without punishment.It’s easy for computer crimes to go undetected if no one checks up on what the computer is doing.But even if the crime is detected, the criminal may walk away not only unpunished but with a glowing recommendation from his former employers.Of course, we have no statistics on crimes that go undetected. But it’s disturbing to note how many of the crimes we do know about were detected by accident, not by systematic inspections or other security procedures. The computer criminals who have been caught may have been the victims of uncommonly bad luck.Unlike other lawbreakers, who must leave the country, commit suicide, or go to jail, computer criminals sometimes escape punishment, demanding not only that they not be charged but that they be given good recommendations and perhaps other benefits. All too often, their demands have been met.Why? Because company executives are afraid of the bad publicity that would result if the public found out that their computer had been misused. They hesitate at the thought of a criminal boasting in open court of how he juggled (诈骗) the most confidential (保密) records right under the noses of the company’s executives, accountants, and security staff. And so another computer criminal departs with just the recommendations he needs to continue his crimes elsewhere.26.It can be concluded from the passage that .A)it is still impossible to detect computer crimes todayB)people commit computer crimes at the request of their companyC)computer criminals escape punishment because they can’t be detectedD)computer crimes are the most serious problem in the operation of financial institutions27.It is implied in the third paragraph that .A)most computer criminals who are caught blame their bad luckB)the rapid increase of computer crimes is a troublesome problemC)most computer criminals are smart enough to cover up their crimesD)many more computer crimes go undetected that are discovered28.Which of the following statements is mentioned in the passage?A)A strict law against computer crimes must be enforced.B)Companies usually hesitate to uncover computer crimes to protect their reputation.C)Companies will guard against computer crimes to protect their reputation.D)Companies need to impose restrictions on confidential information.29.What may happen to computer criminals once they are caught?A)With a bad reputation they can hardly find another job.B)They may walk away and easily find another job.C)They will be denied access to confidential records.D)They must leave the country to go to jail.30.The passage is mainly about .A)why computer criminals are often able go escape punishmentB)why computer crimes are difficult to detect by systematic inspectionsC)how computer criminals manage to get good recommendations from their former employersD)why computer crimes can’t be eliminatedQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.In a family where the roles of men and women are not sharply separated and where many household tasks are shared to a greater or lesser extent, notions of male superiority are hard to maintain. The pattern of sharing in tasks and indecision makes for equality and this in turn leads to further sharing. In such a home, the growing boy and girl learn to accept equality more easily than did their parents and to prepare more fully for participation in a world characterized by cooperation rather than by the “battle of the sexes”.If the process goes too far and man’s role is regarded as less important – and that has happened in some cases – we areas badly off as before, only in reverse.It is time to reassess the role of the man in the man in the American family. We are getting a little tired of “Momism”– but we don’t want to exchange it for a “neo-Popism”. What we need, rather, is the recognition that bringing up children involves a partnership of equals. There are signs that psychiatrists, psychologists, social workers, and specialists on the family are becoming more aware of the part men play and that they have decided that women should not receive all the credit – nor the blame. We have almost given up saying that a woman’s place is in the home. We are beginning, however, to analyze man’s place in the home and to insist that he does have a place in it. Nor is that place irrelevant to the healthy development of the child.The family is a co-operative enterprise for which it is difficult to lay down rules, because each family needs to work out its own ways for solving its own problems.Excessive authoritarianism (命令主义) has unhappy consequences, whether it wears skirts or trousers, and the ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is pertinent (相关的, 切题的) not only to a healthy democracy, but also to a healthy family.31.The ideal of equal rights and equal responsibilities is .A)fundament to a sound democracyB)not pertinent to healthy family lifeC)responsible for MomismD)what we have almost given up32.The danger in the sharing of household tasks by the mother and the father is that .A)the role of the father may become an inferior oneB)the role of the mother may become an inferior oneC)the children will grow up believing that life is a battle ofsexesD)sharing leads to constant arguing33.The author states that bringing up children .A)is mainly the mother’s jobB)belongs among the duties of the fatherC)is the job of schools and churchesD)involves a partnership of equals34.According to the author, the father’s role in the home is .A)minor because he is an ineffectual parentB)irrelevant to the healthy development of the childC)pertinent to the healthy development of the childD)identical to the role of the child’s mother35.With which of the following statements would the author be most likely to agree?A)A healthy, co-operative family is a basic ingredient of a healthy society.B)Men are basically opposed to sharing household chores.C)Division of household responsibilities is workable only in theory.D)A woman’s place in the home – now as always.Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.Teaching children to read well from the start is the most important task of elementary schools. But relying on educators to approach this task correctly can be a great mistake. Many schools continue to employ instructional methods that have been proven ineffective. The stay ing power of the “look-say”or “whole-word”method of teaching beginning reading is perhaps the most flagrant example of this failure to instruct effectively.The whole-word approach to reading stresses the meaningof words over the meaning of letters, thinking over decoding, developing a sight vocabulary of familiar words over developing the ability to unlock the pronunciation of unfamiliar words. It fits in with the self-directed, “learning how to learn” activities recommended by advocates (倡导者) of “open” c lassrooms and with the concept that children have to be developmentally ready to begin reading. Before 1963, no major publisher put out anything but these “Run-Spot-Run” readers.However, in 1955, Rudolf Flesch touched off what has been called “the great debate”in beginning reading. In his best-seller Why Johnny Can’t Read, Flesch indicted (控诉) the nation’s public schools for miseducating students by using the look-say method. He said-and more scholarly studies by Jeane Chall and Rovert Dykstra Later confirmed –that another approach to beginning reading, founded on phonics (语言学) , is far superior.Systematic phonics first teaches children to associate letters and letter combinations with sounds; it then teaches them how to blend these sounds together to make words. Rather than building up a relatively limited vocabulary of memorized words, if imparts a code by which the pronunciations of the vast majority of the most common words in the English language can be learned. Phonics does not devalue the importance of thinking about the meaning of words and sentences; it simply recognizes that decoding is the logical and necessary first step.36.The author feels that counting on educators to teach reading correctly is .A)only logical and natural B)the expected positionC)probably a mistake D)merely effective instruction37.The author indicts the look-say reading approach because .A)it overlooks decoding B)Rudolf Flesch agrees with himC)he says it is boring D)many schools continue to use this method38.One major difference between the look-say method of learning reading and the phonics method is .A)look-say is simpler B)phonics takes longer to learnC)look-say is easier to teach D)phonics gives readers access to far more words39.The phrase “touch-off” (Para.3, L ine 1) most probably means .A)talk about shortly B)start or causeC)compare with D)oppose40.According to the author, which of the following statements is true?A)Phonics approach regards whole-word method as unimportant.B)The whole-word approach emphasizes decoding.C)In phonics approach, it is necessary and logical to employ decoding.D)Phonics is superior because it stresses the meaning of words thus the vast majority of most common words can be learned.Part Three V ocabulary and StructureDirections: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that best completes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.41.Word had come from the manager a new transaction would be concluded.A)whoB)thatC)whichD)when42.There was a traffic jam, but she get to the destination in time.A)couldB)mightC)ought toD)was able to43.“Do you think I should attend the lecture?” she asked me.A)thatB)whetherC)ifD)when44.Their room was on the third floor, its window the sports ground.A)overlooksB)overlookingC)overlookedD)to overlook45.On no account to anyone who works in the company.A)my name must be mentionedB)my name must mentionC)must my name be mentionedD)must my name mention46.Jim knows little of mathematics, of chemistry.A)and still lessB)as well asC)no less thanD)and still more47.The man denied any thing at the supermarket when he was questioned by the police.A)to have stolenB)to stealC)having stolenD)having been stealing48.Did he tell you what if he had a chance?A)was he going to doB)he would doC)be had doneD)had to do49.The results were to yesterday, but we have heard nothing.A)revealB)have revealedC)be revealedD)have been revealed50.Calculations, which are astronomically exact, have been made with the use of computers.A)possibleB)it possibleC)possiblyD)to be possible51.To handle the delicate situation, you must; beA)more than carefulB)more carefullyC)carefully enoughD)enough carefully52.The governess agreed to teach the temperamental childshe was given complete authority.A)whetherB)forC)thatD)provided53.According to the periodic table, still some elements undiscovered.A)there seem to beB)it seems to beC)it seems thatD)here seem54.The farmer used wood to build a house to store grain.A)withB)in whichC)whichD)where55.A beam of light will not bend round the corners unless to do so with the help of a reflecting device.A)being doneB)madeC)to be madeD)having made56. , the more severe the winters are.A)The more north you goB)The farther you go the northC)The more you go northD)The farther north you go57.Vicky has been sad recently, for her plan to go to college at the last moment.A)fell outB)fell behindC)fell throughD)fell off58.Y ou had better leasing these newcomers, for that will hurt their feeling.A)leave outB)leave forC)leave offD)leave behind59.Don’t lose heart! Y ou should your courage and overcome the difficulty.A)hold upB)set upC)pull upD)pluck up60.He a sum of money every month to help the two orphans.A)sets asideB)sets upC)sets alongD)sets in61.His debts had to be after he committed suicide with his rifle.A)laid offB)written offC)turned offD)put off62.The gentleman a cherub with his letter.A)combinedB)includedC)keptD)enclosed63.At the meeting both sides exchanged their views on a wide of topics they were interested in.A)extentB)numberC)collectionD)range64.His has changed but he has kept the fine qualities of a scientific researcher.A)stateB)statusC)stationD)statue65.She can speak French and German, to nothing of English.A)sayB)speakC)talkD)tell66.If you play with electricity, you may get an electric .A)strikeB)beatC)shockD)knock67.It was a wonderful play with a of over fifty actors and actresses.A)listB)groupC)bunchD)herd68.A change in policy is needed if relations are ever toimprove.A)strictB)wideC)everD)radical69.Please give my best to your family.A)noticeB)attentionC)regardsD)cares70.They bought the land with a to build a new office block.A)purposeB)viewC)goalD)reasonPart IV Close (15 minutes )Directions: There are 20 blanks in the following passage, for each bland there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D) on the right side of the paper. Y ou should choose the one that best fits into the passage.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center.Methods of studying vary; what works 71 for some students doesn’t work at all for others. The only thing you can do is experiment 72 you find a system that does work for you . But two things are sure: 73 else can do your studying for you, and unless you do find a system that works, you wo n’t although college. Meantime, there are a few rules that 74 for everybody. The hint is “don’t get 75 ”.The problem of studying, 76 enough to start with, becomesalmost 77 when you are trying to do 78 in one weekend. 79 the fastest readers have trouble 80 that. And id you are behind in written work that must be 81 , the teacher who accepts it 82 late will probably not give you good credit. Perhaps he may not accept it 83 . Getting behind in one class because you are spending so much time on another is really no 84 .Feeling pretty virtuous about the seven hours you spend on chemistry won’t 85 one bit if the history teacher pops a quiz. And many freshmen do get into trouble by spending too much time on one class at the 86 of the others, either because they like one class much better or because they find it so much harder that they think, they should 87 all their time to it. 88 the reason, going the whole work for one class and neglecting the rest of them is a mistake, if you face this 89 , begin with the shortest and easiest 90 . Get them out of the way and then go to the more difficult, time consuming work.71.A)good B)easily C)sufficiently D)well72.A)until B)after C)while D) so73.A)somebody B)nobody C)everybody D)anybody74.A)follow B)go C)operate D)work75.A)behind B)after C)slow D)later76.A)hardly B)unpleasant C)hard D)heavy77.A)improbable B)necessary C)impossible D)inevitable78.A)three week’s work B) three weeks’ worksC) three week s’ work D) three week’s works79.A)Even B)Almost C)If D)With80.A)to do B)doing C)at doing D)with doing81.A)turned in B) turned up C) turned out D) given in82.A)very B)quite C)such D)that83.A)anyway B)either C)at all D)too84.A)solution B)method C)answer D)excuse85.A)help B)encourage C)assist D)improve86.A)expense B)pay C)debt D)charge87.A)devote B)put C)spend D)take88.A)Whichever B)Whatever C)However D)Wherever89.A)attraction B)decision C)temptation D)dilemma90.A)arrangements B)way C)assignments D)classPart VWriting Directions: For this part, you are allowed thirty minutes to write a composition on the topic Good Manners. Y ou should write at least 100words and you should base your composition on the outline (giver in Chinese) below:1.世界上的人都看重良好的行为举止.2.在公共场合的一些好的行为举止.3.如果每个人都培养起了好的行为举止.Keys:1-10:CCBDB DACDD 11-20:DABCB AACBA21-25:DBCAD26-30:DDBBD31-35:AADCA36-40:CADBC41-50:BDABC ACBDA51-60:ADABB DCCDA61-70:BDDBA ABDCA71-80:DABDA CCCAB 81-90:ADCDA AABCCWriting:People all over the world set great regard on good manners. To certain degree, good manner s indicate a person’s good education and breeding. In schools, it is part of students’ moral Raining to develop good manners. A person with good manners always wins praise. On the contrary, people will frown on him ifhe behaves roughly and impolitely.There are good manners in which we behave in public places. It is a good manner to offer help to the young, the old and the handicapped when they are in need of it. So is it to conduct ourselves politely and keep away from foul language. Besides, we should guard against such minor offences as making a loud noise, casting peels and shells, smoking and spitting.If everyone has developed good manners, people will form a more harmonious relationship. If everyone behaves considerately towards others and follows the social ethics, people will live in a better world. With the general mood of society improved, there will be a progress of civilezation.。

华南理工大学2006年攻读硕士学位研究生物理化学入学考试试卷

1.5 (T2−T1)= − T2 +(p2/p1)T1 得：T2＝174.82 K
∆U = nCV，m(T2−T1)
= 5 mol×(2.5−1)×8.315 J.K−1.mol−1×(174.82−273.15) K= −6132 J
W= ∆U = −6132 J
∆H= nCp，m(T2−T1) = 5 mol×2.5×8.315 J.K−1.mol−1×(174.82−273.15) K = −10220 J
S⊖(313K)＝S⊖(298K)＋Cp，m ×ln(313/298)=70.08 J.K−1 .mol−1＋18g.mol−1×4.18 J.g−1 .K−1×ln(313/298)
= 73.78 J.K−1 .mol−1 100g 40℃的水降温到 0℃的自由能变化:
∆G2=∆H–(T2S2−T1S1)=−16720J –(273K × 63.49 J.K−1 .mol−1−313K × 73.78 J.K−1 .mol−1) × 100g/18 g.mol−1
(此题要求高分子和环境专业做，其它化学类专业不用做) 解：(1) κ(NaNO3 )=Λm(NaNO3)×c=121×10－4s.m－1 (2) K=l/As= (Λmc)R=(121×10－4×1.000×1650)m－1=19.965m－1 (3) κ(HCl)=K/R=(19.965/468)S.m－1=0.04266 S.m－1
2 Ag(s) + 2 Cl－(α=1) ===2 AgCl(s) + 2 e－ Cu 2+(α=0.01) + 2 e－ === Cu (s)
2Ag(s) + 2 Cl－(α=1) + Cu2+(α=0.01) ===2 AgCl(s) + Cu(s) (2) E=[0.3402 – 0.2223 – (0.05916/2)lg(1/(12×0.01))]V=0.05874V (3) ∆rGm� = -zF E⊖=[－2×96485×0.05875] J.mol－1= -11.337kJ . mol－1

华南理工大学考研试题2016年-2018年870英语语言文学综合

870
华南理工大学
2016年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷
（试卷上做答无效，请在答题纸上做答，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）
科目名称：语言学和英美文学基础知识
适用专业：英语语言文学、外国语言学及应用语言学
870
华南理工大学
2017年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷
（试卷上做答无效，请在答题纸上做答，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）
科目名称：语言学和英美文学基础知识
适用专业：英语语言文学；外国语言学及应用语言学
870
华南理工大学
2018年攻读硕士学位研究生入学考试试卷
（试卷上做答无效，请在答题纸上做答，试后本卷必须与答题纸一同交回）
科目名称：英语语言文学综合
适用专业：外国语言文学。

一、填空题（每空2分，共24分）：1．在闭环控制系统中，通过检测元件...

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为______________。 5．Bode 图中对数相频特性图上的－180o 线对应于奈奎斯特图中的___________。 6．自动控制系统对输入信号的响应，一般都包含两个分量，即一个是
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