制浆造纸专业词汇
造纸专业英语单词
造纸专业英语单词
造纸专业英语单词
造纸是古代中国劳动人民的`重要发明。
分有机制和手工两种形式。
下文是为大家精选的造纸专业英语单词，欢迎大家阅读。
tearing（breaking）strength：撕裂度
（stock，pulp，stuff）consistency：浆浓
filler retention：填料的留着率
filler，fillings，loading material：填料
ash content：灰分
impact tester：冲击强度测定仪
wet strength：湿强度
air permeability：透气度，透气性
air permeability tester：透气度测定仪
burst，bursting strength，pop strength：耐破度
burst factor：耐破因子
folding endurance，folding strength：耐折度
folding resistance：耐折性能
bending stiffness：弯曲挺度
smoothness：平滑度
contact angle test：（施胶度）接触角测定法
whiteness：白度
absorbability：吸收性能
opacity，opaqueness：不透明度diaphanometer：不透明度测量仪
ring crush compression resistance：环压强度ring stiffness：环压挺度
flat crush resistance：平压强度（瓦楞芯纸）bend strength：弯曲强度
bending chip：耐折叠纸板。
制浆造纸常用术语中英文对照
石棉纸 无灰纸 无灰滤纸 防潮纸，沥青纸 沥青原纸 压感复写纸 复印纸 复制纸，影印纸 食品包装纸 裱糊纸 钞票纸 抗渗透纸 涂蜡装饰纸 字典纸 防潮纸，沥青纸 防潮纸 晒图纸 纱管纸，盘纸 仿制纸 圣经纸 电容器纸 复写纸 支票纸，防伪纸 纸巾纸，卫生纸 纸浆性质 纸张强度 抗张强度 撕裂度 耐破度 耐折度 白度 匀度 环压强度 透气度 透明度 不透明度 粘度 印刷性能 可漂性 吸墨性 吸水性 制浆造纸名词 蒸煮 半化学浆 半漂浆 稻麦草浆 干浆 风干浆 黑液
sodium chloride sodium chlorate potato starch felt conditioning agent bleaching agents and aids barrier coating migration inhibitor cleaning agent dye dyeing agent hot melts softener emulsifier wetting agent biocide preservative fungicide polyacrylamide(PAM) polyacrylic ester polyacrylic resin polyamide polyamide resin polyamine Polyamide-Polyamine-Epichlorohydrin(PAE) Synthesis of Alkyl Ketene Dimer(AKD) Alkenyl succini anhydrides(ASA) polyethyleneoxide(PEO) Polyetherimide(PEI) sizing agent precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) Ground Calcium Carbonate (GCC) Heavy Calcium Carbonate paraffin wax emulsion resin emulsion pitch control agent rosin sizing plastic dispersion carbon black calcium carbonate filler coating clay coating and laminating wax coating wax coating additive coating pigment coating binder deinking agent deaerator wire passivation agent sludge dewatering agent detergent cellulose ether
制浆造纸的主要术语
制浆造纸的主要术语(一）制浆1、制浆：制浆是指利用化学的方法或机械的方法或两者结合的方法使植物纤维原料离解变成本色纸浆(未漂浆）或进一步变成漂白纸浆的生产过程。
制浆方法分为化学法和高得率法。
化学法包括碱法和亚硫酸盐法；高得率制浆包括半化学法、化学机械法和机械法。
2、本色浆：不需漂白的纸浆称为本色浆，用于生产如：水泥袋纸、电缆纸、电容器纸等。
3、漂白浆：经过漂白后的纸浆称为漂白浆,用于生产如：胶版纸、书写纸、铜版原纸等高级文化用纸。
4、木浆：以木材为原料制得的纸浆称为木浆，主要包括针叶木浆（又称软木浆）和阔叶木浆（又称硬木浆).5、非木浆：以各种非木材为原料制得的纸浆称为非木浆，主要包括棉浆、竹浆、蔗渣浆、麦草浆、棉秆浆、稻草浆等。
6、废纸浆：对废纸进行处理后制得的纸浆称为废纸浆，主要包括包装废纸浆和废纸脱墨浆等.7、化学浆：以各种化学药剂作为蒸煮液制得的纸浆称为化学浆。
8、半化学浆:采用与化学法相同的蒸煮液进行较轻微的处理后再加以机械磨浆处理得到的纸浆称为半化学浆.9、化学机械浆:采用比半化学法更轻微的化学处理然后或同时加以机械磨浆处理得到的纸浆称为化学机械浆。
10、机械浆：不用化学处理，而用各种机械法生产的纸浆统称为机械浆。
11、蒸煮:蒸煮就是在蒸煮设备（蒸球、蒸煮锅、连续蒸煮器)内使蒸煮液与植物纤维原料充分混合，在一定的温度、压力下进行化学反应,脱除原料中木素、获取纸浆的工艺过程。
12、黑液：原料经碱法蒸煮后，从纸浆中分离出来的残液称为黑液。
13、纸浆得率：又称纸浆收获率，原料经蒸煮后所得绝干（或风干）粗浆重量对未蒸煮前绝干（或风干）原料重量的百分比,一般称为粗浆得率；粗浆经筛选后所得绝干(或风干)细浆的重量对绝干（或风干)原料重量的百分比称为细浆得率。
14、纸浆硬度:纸浆硬度是表示原料经蒸煮后残留在纸浆中的木素和其他还原性物质的相对量，测定时通常采用高锰酸钾作为氧化剂，以高锰酸钾值、卡伯值或贝克曼值表示。
制浆造纸专外词汇
Lesson 1 History of Papermaking1、papermaking 纸的生产；抄纸2、loading 装料；填料；加压；装入，输入3、sizing 施胶；胶料4、coating 涂布5、mulberry bark 桑皮6、flax 亚麻（属），鸦麻，胡麻，野芝麻，大芝麻7、beat 打浆；beating 打浆；8、hollander 荷兰式打浆机9、fourdrinier 长网，长网造纸机10、stationer 文具商11、cylinder 烘缸；圆网，圆筒12、cylinder machine 圆网纸机13、machinery 机器，机械，机械设备14、groundwood pulping 磨木浆15、soda 烧碱，碱16、sulfite 亚硫酸盐；sulfite pulp硫酸盐浆17、kraft 牛皮纸；硫酸盐浆；牛皮浆18、sulfate 硫酸盐19、incineration 焚烧20、alkali 碱21、digestion 蒸煮22、formation 成形；匀度；组织23、fibrous suspension 纤维悬浮液24、pressing 压榨25、drying 干燥26、refiner mechanical pulping 盘磨机械浆27、cooking 蒸煮28、multistage bleaching 多段漂白29、on-machine paper coating 纸张机内涂布30、twin-wire forming 双网成形31、computer process control 计算机过程控制32、technique 技术33、technology 工艺Lesson 2 Fibrous Raw Materials1、bast 韧皮、内皮2、cottonseed hair 棉种毛3、conversely 相反，反之4、technologist 工艺技术人员5、furnish 供给6、unique 唯一的；独特的；无与伦比的7、rayon 人造丝8、nylon 尼龙9、orlon 奥伦10、dacron 涤纶11、synthetics 合成产品12、asbestos 石棉13、linen 亚麻布14、straw 禾草15、availability 可用的，有效性，可得到的东西16、diverse 种类不同的17、spruce 云杉18、pine 松木19、pulpwood 制浆用木材20、hardwood 硬木21、softwood 软木22、deciduous 阔叶的23、coniferous 针叶的24、classification 分类25、vegetable Fibers 植物纤维26、fruit fibers 果类纤维27、seedhair 种毛28、pok 豆荚29、kapok 木棉30、husk 壳类外皮31、coir 椰子壳32、stem fiber 茎秆纤维33、gymnosperm 裸子植物34、angiosperm 被子植物35、tissue 组织；薄页纸36、dicotyledon 双子叶37、monocotyledon 单子叶38、herbaceous 草本的39、jute 黄麻40、hemp 大麻41、ramie 苎麻42、sunn 印度麻43、vascular 导管的44、vascular bundle 维管束45、cereal straws 谷草46、bagasse 蔗渣47、esparto 西班牙草48、abaca 焦麻49、sisal 西莎草50、phormium 新西兰麻51、pineapple 波萝52、animal fibers 动物纤维53、mineral fibers 矿物纤维54、regenerated cellulose 再生纤维素55、polyamide 聚酰胺56、polyacrylic 聚丙烯的57、polyester 聚酯58、synthetic fibers 合成纤维Lesson 3 The Major Chemical Components of Fibrous Raw Materials1、component 组分2、cell 细胞3、opening 开口；缝隙4、pit 纹孔；坑；池5、cellulose 纤维素6、hemicellulose 半纤维素7、lignin 木素8、skeleton 骨架9、matrix 填质、模型10、encrus 结壳11、constituent 组分、成分12、cell wall 细胞壁13、secondary cell wall 次生壁14、supermolecular state 超分子状态15、crystalline 结晶的；晶状的16、fibrillar 细纤维的，纤丝的17、fibril 细纤维，纤丝18、homopolysaccharide 均一聚糖19、homo- 均匀，同20、polysaccharide 多糖21、saccharide 糖类22、glucopyranose 吡喃式葡萄糖23、glucosidic bond 葡萄糖苷键24、glucose 葡萄糖25、residue剩基，残基；残余物26、molecule 分子27、molecular 分子的28、intra－内29、intermolecular 分子间30、hydrogen bond 氢键31、insoluble 不溶的，不溶32、solvent 溶剂33、biosynthesis 生物合成34、heterogeneous 不均一的35、hydrolyze 水解36、acid 酸37、monomeric 单元的38、mannose 甘露糖39、xylose 木糖40、arabinose 阿拉伯糖41、rhambose 鼠李糖42、glucuronic acid 葡萄糖尾酸43、uronic acid 糖尾酸44、methyl 甲基45、galacturonic acid 半乳糖尾酸，半乳糖醛酸46、polymerization 聚合，聚合作用47、phenylpropane 苯基丙烷48、phenyl 苯基49、ether bond 醚键50、carbon 碳51、gravimetrically 重量分析Lesson 4 The Structure of Plant Cell Wall1、layer 层2、middle lamella （pl. lamellae）胞间层3、primary wall 初生壁4、wart（a. warty）树瘤5、microfibril 微细纤维6、helix 螺旋7、deviation 偏差8、angular 角的，有角的；斜角切裁9、polarized light 偏振光10、polarize 使极化11、pectic 果胶的12、pectin 果胶13、cell corner 细胞角隅14、protein 蛋白质15、interior 内部16、perpendicularly 垂直地17、axis 轴18、content 含量；内容；目录19、parallel 平行的20、angle 角21、tracheid 管胞22、earlywood 早材23、latewood 晚材24、stiffness 挺度，刚性25、amorphous 无定形的26、membrane 薄膜Lesson 5 Wood Preparation1、roundwood 原木2、log 原木段3、wood room 备木间4、conveyer运输机5、debark 剥皮6、hydraulic 水力；液压7、impinge 冲击8、stream barker 蒸气剥皮机9、pump 泵10、mechanical barker 机械剥皮机11、alternative 可选择方法12、shortcoming 缺点13、sound wood 良好木材14、scraper 刮刀；刮板15、drum 鼓，筒，辊筒16、drum barker 圆筒剥皮机17、drag 拖，拉18、drag conveyer 链式运输机19、squeeze 挤，压20、boiler house 锅炉房21、diameter 直径22、vertical splitter 立式劈木机23、chute 斜槽24、chipper 削片机25、deck （平）台，板26、saw 锯27、deck saw 台锯28、groundwood room 磨木车间29、screen 筛；屏障；网状干毯；水冷屏30、digester 蒸煮器31、vibrate 振动32、oscillate 摆动33、gyrate 旋转34、chip bin 木片仓35、bin 存储仓36、pan 盘，容器Lesson 6 Preparation of Fibrous Raw MaterialsOther than Wood1、bale 大包2、bundle 捆3、rectangular 长方形的4、railroad duster 羊角除尘器5、environmental 环境的6、cyclone 旋风分离器7、dust chamber 集尘室，除尘室8、pulper 碎浆机9、disc cutter 圆盘切草机10、crush 压榨11、screen 筛，筛选12、bagasse 蔗渣13、sugar cane 甘蔗14、depithing 除髓15、Peadco 蔗渣制浆16、contaminant 杂质17、moist depithing 半干法除髓18、flotation washing machine 浮选洗涤机19、rock 石块20、trash 废弃物，残屑Lesson 7 Pulping Process and Pulp End Uses1、lignocellulosic 木质纤维素（的），木化纤维素（的）2、reduced to fibrous mass离解成纤维性物质3、mass 质量；物质；大量；集中，聚集4、rupture 破裂5、mechanically 机械地6、thermally 热地7、commercial process 工业化的工艺8、yield 得率，收获率，（纸板）紧度9、degrade 降解10、solublized 溶解11、stone groundwood（SGW）磨石磨木浆12、refiner mechanical pulp（RMP）：盘磨机械浆，木片磨木浆13、thermomechanical pulp（TMP）：热磨机械浆，热磨木片磨木浆14、chemigroundwood 化学磨木浆15、cold soda 冷碱法16、chemithermechanical pulp(CTMP) 化学热磨机械浆17、neutral sulfite semichemical cooking （NSSC）pulp 中性亚硫酸盐半化学浆18、soda-AQ 烧碱蒽醌19、sulfite (acid and bisulfite) 酸性亚硫酸盐和亚硫酸氢盐20、wrapping paper 包装纸21、sack paper 纸袋纸22、box-liner paper 纸盒衬里纸23、newsprint 新闻纸24、toweling 毛巾纸25、opacity 不透明度26、sanitary paper 卫生纸类27、tissue paper 薄页纸28、bulk 松厚（度）29、absorbency 吸收性30、versatility 多功能31、fluff 绒毛浆32、coating raw stock 涂布原纸33、sulfur 硫磺34、engineering 工程学35、emission 放射，发射，辐射36、sulfide 硫化物37、prototype 原型38、soda oxygen process 氧碱制浆工艺39、delignification 脱木素作用40、catalyst 催化剂41、anthraquinone 蒽醌Lesson 8 Alkaline Pulping1、alkaline碱性的，含碱的2、sulfide 硫化物3、sodium sulfide 硫化钠4、carbonate 碳酸盐5、cooking liquor 蒸煮液6、sulfite 亚硫酸盐7、sodium oxide 氧化钠8、sodium hydroxide 氢氧化钠9、active alkali 活性碱10、effective alkali 有效碱11、total alkali 总碱12、activity 活化度13、sulfidity 硫化度14、white liquor 白液15、charge 填装，充电，装量，电荷16、chemical recovery plant 化学品回收车间17、bone dry 绝干18、concentration 浓度19、preset 预先设定20、alkali-to -wood ratio 碱比21、liquor-to-wood ratio 液比22、filling up period 装锅阶段，装料阶段23、blow tank 喷放锅24、to temperature’ period升温阶段25、at temperature’ period保温阶段26、full pressure 全压27、reduced pressure 减压28、gas relieving小放气29、heating-up period 升温阶段30、circulation 循环31、end point 终点32、delignification 脱木素（作用）33、computerization 计算机化34、batch process 间歇方法35、expressed in terms of 以……表示36、take part in 参与37、in accordance with 以……为根据，符合38、account for 考虑到Lesson 9 Sulfite Pulping1、sulfite pulping 亚硫酸盐法制浆2、sulfurous acid 亚硫酸3、alkali salts 碱性盐4、sulfonate 磺酸盐5、functionalities6、cleavage 裂开，分裂；离解7、kraft pulping 硫酸盐法制浆8、calcium 钙9、calcium acid sulfite酸性亚硫酸钙10、insolubility 难溶性11、scaling 结垢12、scaling compound 结垢化合物13、precipitate 沉淀，沉淀物14、liming up 石灰化15、free SO2 游离SO216、base 碱；底座，基准，基17、magnesium 镁18、sodium 钠19、ammonium 铵20、combined SO2 化合SO221、acid bisulfite pulping酸性亚硫酸氢盐法制浆22、neutral sulfite 中性亚硫酸盐23、alkaline sulfite 碱性亚硫酸盐24、batchwise25、vessel 容器，器皿；导管26、pressure vessel 压力容器27、acid-resistant lining 防酸衬里28、cap 把盖子盖上29、accumulator 储存槽，回收槽30、high-pressure accumulator 高压回收炉31、polycondensation reaction 缩聚，缩聚作用，多聚合32、optimum point 最佳点33、pulp strength 纸浆强度34、viscosity 粘度35、adversely 不利地36、porous 多孔的；疏松的；素烧（瓷）的Lesson 10 Chemical recovery1、chemical recovery 化学品回收2、inorganic 无机的3、regenerate 再生4、reuse 回用5、weak black liquor 稀黑液6、strong black liquor 浓黑液7、brown stock washer 本色浆洗浆机8、multiple-effect evaporator 多效蒸发器9、oxidation 氧化10、heavy black liquor重黑液，浓黑液11、saltcake 芒硝12、residual liquor 废液13、soda loss 碱损失14、incineration 焚烧15、furnance 熔炉，炉子16、smelt 熔融物17、green liquor 绿液18、caustic 碱性的，苛性的19、caustic alkali 苛性碱20、causticize 苛化21、causticizing 苛化22、lime 石灰23、lime mud 白泥，石灰渣24、ligneous material 木质物料25、saccharinic acid糖质酸，糖精酸26、extractive 抽出物，抽提物，萃取物27、thiosulfate [,θaiəu'sʌlfeit]硫代硫酸盐28、chloride ['klɔ:raid] 氯化物29、originate [ə'ridʒineit] 开始，发明，发起30、bulk 松厚；n. 大小,体积,大批,大多数；vt. 显得大,显得重要31、reboiler 再沸器32、vapor 蒸汽，水蒸汽33、climbing-film 升膜34、long-tube-vertical (LTV) evaporator长管立式蒸发器35、service 服务；保养；检修36、falling-film evaporator 降膜蒸发器37、preheat-falling-rising types 预热升降蒸发器38、forced circulation units 强制循环装置39、crystallizing evaporator 结晶蒸发器40、variation [vɛəri'eiʃən]变动,变化,变异,变种41、vapor-compression evaporator 二次汽压缩蒸发汽42、waste heat evaporator 废热蒸发器43、sophisticated [sə'fistikeit]condensate44、treatment system完善的冷凝水处理系统45、combustion [kəm'bʌstʃən]燃烧，氧化46、impurity杂质47、clarify澄清，阐明；使明晰48、entrained white liquorvt. 使乘火车,拖,产生,导致vi. 乘火车49、dissolving tank 溶解槽50、calcine['kælsain] 烧成石灰，煅烧51、lime kiln [kiln] 石灰窑52、fluid bed calciner 流化床焙烧炉53、thermal ['θə:ml] a. 热的,热量的,烫的n. 上升温暖气流54、soap skimming 皂化物的撇除55、tall oil 妥尔油，塔罗油56、molten，melt的过去分词，熔化的，炽热的57、calcium 钙58、endothermic [endəu'θə:mik]吸热（性）的59、sulfur 硫磺60、natural gas 天然气Lesson 11 Mechanical Pulping1、mechanical pulping机械制浆2、stone groundwood ( SGW )磨石磨木浆3、refiner 磨浆机，精磨机4、specific energy 单位能耗5、parameter 参数6、nomenclature ['nəumənkleitʃə] n. 命名法,专门语,术语7、specify v. 详细说明,具体说明,指明8、sequence 顺序9、PGW, pressurized groundwood 压力磨木浆10、PRMP，pressure refined mechanical pulp压力盘磨机械浆11、CRMP, chemi-refiner mechanical pulp 化学盘磨机械浆12、CTMP, chemi-thermomechanical pulp 预热法木片化学机械浆13、APMP, alkaline peroxide mechanical pulp碱性过氧化物机械浆14、demarcation [di:mɑ:'keiʃən]n. 划界,划定界限,限界15、attrition [ə'triʃən] n. 摩擦,磨损16、resin ['rezin] 树脂，涂树脂于17、non-resinous 无脂的18、rosin 松香，树脂，用松香涂19、yield 得率，收获率；（纸板）紧度20、catalog paper ['kætəlɔ:g]目录纸21、bolt [bəult]22、abrasive [ə'breisiv] 粗糙的23、grinder ['graində] 磨木机，研磨机24、grinding 磨木，粉碎25、tear strength撕裂强度26、freeness 游离度27、disintegrate [dis'intigreit] 分解，碎解28、disk 圆盘；刀盘；磨盘29、steaming 汽蒸30、shive 浆块，碎浆，碎片，纤维束31、drastic 激烈的32、category 种类，类项33、corrugating medium 瓦楞芯纸Lesson 12 Washing of Pulps1、foam problem 泡沫问题2、counter-current 逆流3、drum filter 转鼓过滤机4、vacuum filter [ˋ'vækjuəm]真空过滤机5、pressurized washer压力洗涤（浆）机6、diffuser washer扩散洗涤器7、brown stock 本色浆8、screw presses 螺旋压榨9、wash presses 洗涤压榨10、rotary-vacuum-filter旋转式真空洗浆机11、wash zone 洗涤区12、installation n. 就任,就职;安装,安置;装置,设备;设施13、uniformity 同样，一致14、defoamer 消泡剂15、erect a. 直立的,竖立的,笔直的vt. 使竖立,使直立,树立,建立vi. 勃起16、outdoor 户外17、facility n. 容易,便利,设施,设备;熟练,灵巧18、discharge 排除，释放Lesson 13 Screening1、screening 筛选2、vibratory 振动器3、gravity centrifugal 重力离心的4、centripetal 向心的5、perforated barrier ['pə:fəreit] 筛板6、slot 细长的孔，缝，狭槽，筛孔7、slot screen 缝筛8、debris [də'bri:] 碎片，残骸9、intermittently [intə(:)'mitəntli]间歇地10、barrier 防护、屏障11、screen plate 筛板12、plug up堵塞13、shake 摇动、振动14、vibration振动15、hydraulic 水力，液压16、hydraulic sweeping action 液压扫刮动作17、back-flushing 反冲18、pulsing the flow 使液流脉动19、moving foils 移动叶片20、paddle 桨叶21、flat screen 平筛22、reject 筛渣，废料；23、obsolete 荒废的，陈旧的，淘汰的24、align 使成一行25、circular 圆形的26、vibratory flat screen 振动平筛27、rotary vibratory screen 回转式振筛28、gravity centrifugal screen重力离心筛29、piping 配管30、pumping 泵送31、slime腐浆；粘液；32、cascade arrangement 串联布置Lesson 14 Centrifugal cleaning1、specific gravity 比重2、centrifugal cleaner 离心净化器3、liquid cyclone 液体旋沉器4、hydrocylclone 水力旋沉器5、vortex cleaner 涡旋净化器6、centricleaner离心净化器7、conical 圆锥形的8、cylindrical- conical 圆筒圆锥9、vessel 器皿10、tangential inlet 正切入口11、cone圆锥12、cylinder 圆筒，烘缸，圆网13、vortex finder 涡旋导向器，14、accepts nozzle良浆口15、underflow 下溢，斜溜槽16、nozzle 喷嘴17、fluid shear 流体剪切力18、scroll 纸卷，螺旋线19、tangentially 切线的20、velocity 速率21、orifice 孔，口22、reject orifice 排渣口23、floc 絮凝物24、reverse-flow 逆流Lesson 15 Pulp Bleaching1、chromophoric groups 发色基团2、lignin-preserving 保留木素式3、linkage 连接，键合4、eliminate 除去，排除，剔除，消除5、oxidant 氧化剂6、chlorine 氯7、oxygen 氧8、hypochlorite 次氯酸盐9、chlorine dioxide二氧化氯10、hydrogen peroxide 过氧化氢11、ozone 臭氧12、reductant 还原剂13、hydrosulfite 连二亚硫酸盐14、sodium hydroxide 氢氧化钠15、caustic extraction 碱抽提16、delignification 脱木素（作用）17、invariably 不变化地，一成不变地，常常地18、identify vt. 识别,认明,鉴定,使等同于vi. 一致,变成一致19、sulfonate 磺化，磺酸盐20、decolore 脱色21、appreciable 可测量的，可感到的22、sodium hydrosulfite 连二亚硫酸钠23、eye appeal 观感Lesson 16 Introduction of Papermaking1、filtered mat 过滤层2、drain 泄水，排水drainage 排水，滤水draining滤水3、suspension 悬浮液4、fine screen 细筛5、definition 定义6、entangle 使纠缠，卷入，使混乱7、coherent structure 相互粘连着，相互交织的结构8、vegetable kingdom 植物界9、cellulosic nature 纤维素性质10、bond 结合键，证券；粘合11、attribute vt. 把…归因于,把…归咎于;认为…是某人所有,认为…是某人创造12、frame 框架13、sheet mould纸模14、vat 槽，浆槽15、intact 完整的16、felt 毛毯，毛布17、blotter 吸水纸18、in some ways 在某种程度上19、sophistication 完善，复杂化Lesson 17 Stock Preparation System1、stock preparation system 浆料制备系统2、lap pulp浆板3、pulper 碎浆机4、consistency regulator 浓度调节器5、metering and blending计量和混合6、filler填料7、dye染料8、machine chest 纸机（贮）浆池9、stuff box 调浆箱10、headbox 流浆箱11、whitewater 白水12、blade 刀口，刮刀13、storage tank 贮浆槽14、clump 浆块15、clump together 在一起成浆团（浆块）16、lumpy 成块的，块状Lesson 18 Mechanism of Beating and Refining1、mechanism n. 机械,机构,结构,机理,技巧，机制2、interchangeably [intə(:)'tʃeindʒəbli]可交换地3、perpendicular [pə:pən'dikjulə]垂直的4、exemplify [ig'zemplifai]例证，例示5、conical 圆锥形的6、crossing n. 横断,渡航,交叉点,渡口7、in all cases 就一切情况而论8、modify 修正，变更，修饰；9、furnish 配料10、shear stress 切变应力11、normal stress 正应力12、permeable 有浸透性的，能透过的13、swell 润胀14、hydration 水化（作用）15、flexibility 柔韧性，灵活性Lesson 19 Effect of Beating on Sheet properties1、porous 多孔的；疏松的；素烧（瓷）的2、wild 云彩花3、dense 紧密的，浓厚的，密集的，稠密的4、positively 确实地；必然地5、visualize vt. 使看得见,使具体化,想象,设想vi. 想象,显现6、adverse a. 不利的,敌对的,相反的,逆的7、basic weight 定量8、fold strength 耐折度folding strength 9、tensile strength 抗张强度10、mullen strength 耐破度11、tearing resistance 撕裂度tearing strength12、opacity 不透明度13、density 密度14、clump 丛，块，笨重的脚步声15、curdle 使凝结，使凝固，使变质；凝结，凝固，变质Lesson 20 Sizing and Loading1、size 规格，尺寸；胶料2、sizing 施胶，胶料3、sizing agent 施胶剂4、sizing degree 施胶度5、sizing roll /size roll 施胶辊6、sizing tester 施胶度测定仪7、size boiler 熬胶锅8、size cooking 熬胶，制胶9、sized 施胶的sized paper 施胶纸10、web sizing 表面施胶11、wet end 湿部，铜网部12、wet end additive 湿部添加剂，湿部助剂13、wet end chemistry 湿部化学14、wet end finish 湿部整饰15、wet end furnish 湿部配比，浆料配比16、rosin 松香17、amber 琥珀色；琥珀色的，琥珀的18、resin 树脂19、pine 松树20、tap 轻打，轻敲，敲打出，使流出21、stump 树干22、tall oil 塔罗油，塔尔油23、solution 溶液24、emulsion 乳液25、precipitate 沉淀26、alum ['æləm] 铝27、polyelectrolytic 聚电解质28、retention aid 助留剂29、load 负荷；装聊；装入，输入30、loading agent 填料31、filler 填料；填充物、装锅器32、optical 光学的33、opaque 不透明34、clay 白土，高岭土35、calcium carbonate碳酸钙36、talc 滑石talc powder滑石粉37、titanium dioxide 二氧化钛38、opacifier 遮光Lesson 21 Sheet formation1、dewater 脱水2、paperboard 纸板3、lightweight paper 低定量纸4、fabric n. 织物,布,建筑物,结构,构造5、table roll案辊6、foil 薄片，案板7、suction equipment 真空设备8、drilled couch 带孔伏辊9、decay 衰减、衰退；腐朽10、turbulence 湍流、湍动11、mat字型、纸板12、filtration 过滤13、discrete 离散的；不连续的14、immobilize 使不动，使固定，不能移动15、endless finely woven belt无端细编织网（带）16、mesh网目17、plastic mesh fabrics塑料编织网，塑料网状织物18、breast roll 胸辊19、headbox 流浆箱20、couch roll 伏辊21、perforated shell 带孔的壳，有孔的外壳21、suction 抽吸，抽吸作用；吸出，吸出作用22、high-vacuum suction box 高真空吸水箱23、forming board 成形板24、foil 薄片，案板25、augment 增加，增大26、cross-oscillation motion 横向振动27、dandy roll 饰面辊，罗纹辊，水印辊28、mount 安装，装上，安放29、trim 切边，冲边30、erratic [i'rætik]不稳定的31、high-pressure water jet 高压喷水32、squirt 水针33、re-slur 重新碎浆Lesson 22 Pressing1、press 压榨，压，印刷机2、press felt压榨毛毯3、press button按钮4、press drying压榨干燥5、pressing压，压榨6、press section 压榨部7、dryer section干燥部8、dryer 干燥器，烘缸9、economical 节俭的，经济的，合算的10、runnability 运行性能，运行情况11、evaporation 蒸发12、profile 侧面，轮廓，人物素描13、phase 相；期，阶段14、saturate 饱和15、dryness 干度16、reabsorption 回吸17、rewetting 回湿18、postulate 假定，要求；基本条件19、capillary 毛细管；毛状的，毛细作用的20、configuration 结构21、plain roll 普通平压辊22、suction press 真空压榨23、approach24、transverse-flow pressing横流压榨25、receptor 接收器26、laterally ['lætərəli]侧面地，旁边地27、grooved-roll 沟纹辊28、blind-drilled receptor roll 盲孔脱水（压榨）辊29、void 空隙，孔隙；孔率；无效的30、fabric press衬毯压榨31、dwell 停留Lesson 23 Paper Drying1、paper drying 纸的干燥2、dryer section 干燥部3、thermal 热的，温的4、wrap 包，裹，包装，覆盖5、wrap angle 包角6、wrapper 包装纸7、wrapper roll 捐筒包装纸8、wrapping 包装9、wrapping paper 包装纸10、indice['indisi:z] index 的复数指数，指标11、evaporation rate 蒸发率12、steam economy 蒸汽利用率13、BTU British themal unit14、peak 最高的15、constant rate zone 恒速区16、ventilation 通风；排气17、permeable 有浸透性的，能透过的18、dryer felt 干毯，干燥毛毯19、shrinkage 收缩，收缩率20、tension张力tensioning roll张紧辊21、position位置；positioning roll定位辊Lesson 24 Calendering and Supercalendering1、calendering 压光2、paper grades 纸种3、cross-direction 横向4、reel-building 复卷5、converting加工6、compensate补偿7、caliper 厚度；测径器，卡钳，弯角器；用卡钳测量8、induce 引诱，招致，感应9、infinitesimally [infini'tesiməli] 极小地10、deform 变形11、replicate ['replikeit] vt. 折叠,折转,复制n. 八音阶间隔的反复高低音a. 折转的,弯回的12、pliable 弯曲13、pliable wood 弯曲木材14、pliablility 弯曲性15、efficacy ['efikəsi] 功效，效力16、glazen. 釉,上光,光滑面vt. 装以玻璃,上釉于vi. 变成为光滑,变呆滞17、compaction 压紧18、soft-nip calendar软压光19、supercalendering 超级压光20、unwind stand 退纸架21、stack 堆；烟囱；存储栈；存储栈数据22、rewind 复卷23、lead roll 导辊，导纸辊24、entrapment [in'træpmənt] 夹杂，捕集，圈闭25、creasing起皱26、elastic弹性的27、plastic 可塑的，塑性的28、depression 压迫，压制29、creep 蠕变30、spread area 舒展区31、filled roll 纸粕辊32、rolling friction 滚动摩檫33、polishing/polish 抛光，磨光34、delicate 脆弱的35、dent缺陷，凹陷；dented 有缺陷的36、torn paper破损纸张，断纸37、lump浆块，浆团38、mark 标志；标记；限度；界限；痕；印Lesson 25 Paper and Paperboard Properties --------------Basic Sheet Properties1、basis weight （纸张）定量2、communication 通讯，3、packaging 包装，打包4、Grammage 定量，克重5、caliper 厚度6、processor 信息处理机7、centimeter 厘米8、millimeter 毫米9、micrometer 微米10、compressibility 可压缩性11、density 密度12、bulk 松厚（度）13、predictor 预测者，预告者14、moisture content 水分含量moisture水分15、shift 变化16、curl 卷曲17、wrinkle 起皱18、felt side 毛毯面，正面19、wire side 网面，反面20、imprint vt. 印,印记号,铭刻n. 印,印记,痕迹,版本说明imprinted paper 压印纸21、noticeable 引人注目的，显明的，值得注意的Lesson 26 Paper and Paperboard Properties--------------Strength Properties1、strength properties 强度性能2、tensile strength 抗张强度3、extensibility 伸长性4、stretch 伸长，伸长率5、Mullen 耐破度6、simultaneous 同时发生的，同时的7、puncture resistance 耐戳穿强度8、burst 耐破度，破裂度9、diaphragm ['daiəfræm] 隔膜，薄膜10、clamp 夹；夹板，压板；钳11、pop test 耐破测验12、tearing resistance 撕裂度，撕裂性能13、evaluate 评价，评估，赋值14、internal tearing resistence内撕裂度15、notch V形切痕16、simulate 模拟17、fold 折叠18、fold test 耐折度测定19、relative humidity 相对湿度20、equilibrate [i:kwə'laibreit] 平衡，相称Lesson 27 Paper and Paperboard Properties -------------Optical properties1、optical properties 光学性能2、whiteness 白度3、brightness 亮度，白度4、reflectance 反射率5、opaque 不透明性6、wavelength 波长7、incident light 入射光8、roughly 粗糙的，粗略的9、magnesium oxide 氧化镁10、region 区域，范围11、opacity 不透明度12、opacity paper不透明纸13、printer 印刷工作者，印刷机14、printing 印刷15、indication 指示，象征，象征物16、gloss 光泽度17、specular reflectance镜面反射18、microscopic [maikrəs'kɔpik] 显微镜的。
制浆造纸专业英语
Lesson 1 History of Papermaking1、papermaking 纸的生产；抄纸2、loading 装料；填料；加压；装入，输入3、sizing 施胶；胶料4、coating 涂布5、mulberry bark 桑皮6、flax 亚麻（属），鸦麻，胡麻，野芝麻，大芝麻7、beat 打浆；beating 打浆；8、hollander 荷兰式打浆机9、fourdrinier 长网，长网造纸机10、stationer 文具商11、cylinder 烘缸；圆网，圆筒12、cylinder machine 圆网纸机13、machinery 机器，机械，机械设备14、groundwood pulping 磨木浆15、soda 烧碱，碱16、sulfite 亚硫酸盐；sulfite pulp硫酸盐浆17、kraft 牛皮纸；硫酸盐浆；牛皮浆18、sulfate 硫酸盐19、incineration 焚烧20、alkali 碱21、digestion 蒸煮22、formation 成形；匀度；组织23、fibrous suspension 纤维悬浮液24、pressing 压榨25、drying 干燥26、refiner mechanical pulping 盘磨机械浆27、cooking 蒸煮28、multistage bleaching 多段漂白29、on-machine paper coating 纸张机内涂布30、twin-wire forming 双网成形31、computer process control 计算机过程控制32、technique 技术33、technology 工艺Lesson 2 Fibrous Raw Materials1、bast 韧皮、内皮2、cottonseed hair 棉种毛3、conversely 相反，反之4、technologist 工艺技术人员5、furnish 供给6、unique 唯一的；独特的；无与伦比的7、rayon 人造丝8、nylon 尼龙9、orlon 奥伦10、dacron 涤纶11、synthetics 合成产品12、asbestos 石棉13、linen 亚麻布14、straw 禾草15、availability 可用的，有效性，可得到的东西16、diverse 种类不同的17、spruce 云杉18、pine 松木19、pulpwood 制浆用木材20、hardwood 硬木21、softwood 软木22、deciduous 阔叶的23、coniferous 针叶的24、classification 分类25、vegetable Fibers 植物纤维26、fruit fibers 果类纤维27、seedhair 种毛28、pok 豆荚29、kapok 木棉30、husk 壳类外皮31、coir 椰子壳32、stem fiber 茎秆纤维33、gymnosperm 裸子植物34、angiosperm 被子植物35、tissue 组织；薄页纸36、dicotyledon 双子叶37、monocotyledon 单子叶38、herbaceous 草本的39、jute 黄麻40、hemp 大麻41、ramie 苎麻42、sunn 印度麻43、vascular 导管的44、vascular bundle 维管束45、cereal straws 谷草46、bagasse 蔗渣47、esparto 西班牙草48、abaca 焦麻49、sisal 西莎草50、phormium 新西兰麻51、pineapple 波萝52、animal fibers 动物纤维53、mineral fibers 矿物纤维54、regenerated cellulose 再生纤维素55、polyamide 聚酰胺56、polyacrylic 聚丙烯的57、polyester 聚酯58、synthetic fibers 合成纤维Lesson 3 The Major Chemical Componentsof Fibrous Raw Materials1、component 组分2、cell 细胞3、opening 开口；缝隙4、pit 纹孔；坑；池5、cellulose 纤维素6、hemicellulose 半纤维素7、lignin 木素8、skeleton 骨架9、matrix 填质、模型10、encrus 结壳11、constituent 组分、成分12、cell wall 细胞壁13、secondary cell wall 次生壁14、supermolecular state 超分子状态15、crystalline 结晶的；晶状的16、fibrillar 细纤维的，纤丝的17、fibril 细纤维，纤丝18、homopolysaccharide 均一聚糖19、homo- 均匀，同20、polysaccharide 多糖21、saccharide 糖类22、glucopyranose 吡喃式葡萄糖23、glucosidic bond 葡萄糖苷键24、glucose 葡萄糖25、residue剩基，残基；残余物26、molecule 分子27、molecular 分子的28、intra－内29、intermolecular 分子间30、hydrogen bond 氢键31、insoluble 不溶的，不溶32、solvent 溶剂33、biosynthesis 生物合成34、heterogeneous 不均一的35、hydrolyze 水解36、acid 酸37、monomeric 单元的38、mannose 甘露糖39、xylose 木糖40、arabinose 阿拉伯糖41、rhambose 鼠李糖42、glucuronic acid 葡萄糖尾酸43、uronic acid 糖尾酸44、methyl 甲基45、galacturonic acid 半乳糖尾酸，半乳糖醛酸46、polymerization 聚合，聚合作用47、phenylpropane 苯基丙烷48、phenyl 苯基49、ether bond 醚键50、carbon 碳51、gravimetrically 重量分析Lesson 4 The Structure of Plant Cell Wall 1、layer 层2、middle lamella （pl. lamellae）胞间层3、primary wall 初生壁4、wart（a. warty）树瘤5、microfibril 微细纤维6、helix 螺旋7、deviation 偏差8、angular 角的，有角的；斜角切裁9、polarized light 偏振光10、polarize 使极化11、pectic 果胶的12、pectin 果胶13、cell corner 细胞角隅14、protein 蛋白质15、interior 内部16、perpendicularly 垂直地17、axis 轴18、content 含量；内容；目录19、parallel 平行的20、angle 角21、tracheid 管胞22、earlywood 早材23、latewood 晚材24、stiffness 挺度，刚性25、amorphous 无定形的26、membrane 薄膜Lesson 5 Wood Preparation1、roundwood 原木2、log 原木段3、wood room 备木间4、conveyer运输机5、debark 剥皮6、hydraulic 水力；液压7、impinge 冲击8、stream barker 蒸气剥皮机9、pump 泵10、mechanical barker 机械剥皮机11、alternative 可选择方法12、shortcoming 缺点13、sound wood 良好木材14、scraper 刮刀；刮板15、drum 鼓，筒，辊筒16、drum barker 圆筒剥皮机17、drag 拖，拉18、drag conveyer 链式运输机19、squeeze 挤，压20、boiler house 锅炉房21、diameter 直径22、vertical splitter 立式劈木机23、chute 斜槽24、chipper 削片机25、deck （平）台，板26、saw 锯27、deck saw 台锯28、groundwood room 磨木车间29、screen 筛；屏障；网状干毯；水冷屏30、digester 蒸煮器31、vibrate 振动32、oscillate 摆动33、gyrate 旋转34、chip bin 木片仓35、bin 存储仓36、pan 盘，容器Lesson 6 Preparation of Fibrous Raw Materials Other than Wood1、bale 大包2、bundle 捆3、rectangular 长方形的4、railroad duster 羊角除尘器5、environmental 环境的6、cyclone 旋风分离器7、dust chamber 集尘室，除尘室8、pulper 碎浆机9、disc cutter 圆盘切草机10、crush 压榨11、screen 筛，筛选12、bagasse 蔗渣13、sugar cane 甘蔗14、depithing 除髓15、Peadco 蔗渣制浆16、contaminant 杂质17、moist depithing 半干法除髓18、flotation washing machine 浮选洗涤机19、rock 石块20、trash 废弃物，残屑Lesson 7 Pulping Process and Pulp End Uses1、lignocellulosic 木质纤维素（的），木化纤维素（的）2、reduced to fibrous mass离解成纤维性物质3、mass 质量；物质；大量；集中，聚集4、rupture 破裂5、mechanically 机械地6、thermally 热地7、commercial process 工业化的工艺8、yield 得率，收获率，（纸板）紧度9、degrade 降解10、solublized 溶解11、stone groundwood（SGW）磨石磨木浆12、refiner mechanical pulp（RMP）：盘磨机械浆，木片磨木浆13、thermomechanical pulp（TMP）：热磨机械浆，热磨木片磨木浆14、chemigroundwood 化学磨木浆15、cold soda 冷碱法16、chemithermechanical pulp(CTMP) 化学热磨机械浆17、neutral sulfite semichemical cooking （NSSC）pulp 中性亚硫酸盐半化学浆18、soda-AQ 烧碱蒽醌19、sulfite (acid and bisulfite) 酸性亚硫酸盐和亚硫酸氢盐20、wrapping paper 包装纸21、sack paper 纸袋纸22、box-liner paper 纸盒衬里纸23、newsprint 新闻纸24、toweling 毛巾纸25、opacity 不透明度26、sanitary paper 卫生纸类27、tissue paper 薄页纸28、bulk 松厚（度）29、absorbency 吸收性30、versatility 多功能31、fluff 绒毛浆32、coating raw stock 涂布原纸33、sulfur 硫磺34、engineering 工程学35、emission 放射，发射，辐射36、sulfide 硫化物37、prototype 原型38、soda oxygen process 氧碱制浆工艺39、delignification 脱木素作用40、catalyst 催化剂41、anthraquinone 蒽醌Lesson 8 Alkaline Pulping1、alkaline碱性的，含碱的2、sulfide 硫化物3、sodium sulfide 硫化钠4、carbonate 碳酸盐5、cooking liquor 蒸煮液6、sulfite 亚硫酸盐7、sodium oxide 氧化钠8、sodium hydroxide 氢氧化钠9、active alkali 活性碱10、effective alkali 有效碱11、total alkali 总碱12、activity 活化度13、sulfidity 硫化度14、white liquor 白液15、charge 填装，充电，装量，电荷16、chemical recovery plant 化学品回收车间17、bone dry 绝干18、concentration 浓度19、preset 预先设定20、alkali-to -wood ratio 碱比21、liquor-to-wood ratio 液比22、filling up period 装锅阶段，装料阶段23、blow tank 喷放锅24、to temperature’ period升温阶段25、at temperature’ period 保温阶段26、full pressure 全压27、reduced pressure 减压28、gas relieving小放气29、heating-up period 升温阶段30、circulation 循环31、end point 终点32、delignification 脱木素（作用）33、computerization 计算机化34、batch process 间歇方法35、expressed in terms of 以……表示36、take part in 参与37、in accordance with 以……为根据，符合38、account for 考虑到Lesson 9 Sulfite Pulping1、sulfite pulping 亚硫酸盐法制浆2、sulfurous acid 亚硫酸3、alkali salts 碱性盐4、sulfonate 磺酸盐5、functionalities6、cleavage 裂开，分裂；离解7、kraft pulping 硫酸盐法制浆8、calcium 钙9、calcium acid sulfite酸性亚硫酸钙10、insolubility 难溶性11、scaling 结垢12、scaling compound 结垢化合物13、precipitate 沉淀，沉淀物14、liming up 石灰化15、free SO2 游离SO216、base 碱；底座，基准，基17、magnesium 镁18、sodium 钠19、ammonium 铵20、combined SO2 化合SO221、acid bisulfite pulping酸性亚硫酸氢盐法制浆22、neutral sulfite 中性亚硫酸盐23、alkaline sulfite 碱性亚硫酸盐24、batchwise25、vessel 容器，器皿；导管26、pressure vessel 压力容器27、acid-resistant lining 防酸衬里28、cap 把盖子盖上29、accumulator 储存槽，回收槽30、high-pressure accumulator 高压回收炉31、polycondensation reaction 缩聚，缩聚作用，多聚合32、optimum point 最佳点33、pulp strength 纸浆强度34、viscosity 粘度35、adversely 不利地36、porous 多孔的；疏松的；素烧（瓷）的Lesson 10 Chemical recovery1、chemical recovery 化学品回收2、inorganic 无机的3、regenerate 再生4、reuse 回用5、weak black liquor 稀黑液6、strong black liquor 浓黑液7、brown stock washer 本色浆洗浆机8、multiple-effect evaporator 多效蒸发器9、oxidation 氧化10、heavy black liquor重黑液，浓黑液11、saltcake 芒硝12、residual liquor 废液13、soda loss 碱损失14、incineration 焚烧15、furnance 熔炉，炉子16、smelt 熔融物17、green liquor 绿液18、caustic 碱性的，苛性的19、caustic alkali 苛性碱20、causticize 苛化21、causticizing 苛化22、lime 石灰23、lime mud 白泥，石灰渣24、ligneous material 木质物料25、saccharinic acid糖质酸，糖精酸26、extractive 抽出物，抽提物，萃取物27、thiosulfate [,θaiəu'sʌlfeit]硫代硫酸盐28、chloride ['klɔ:raid] 氯化物29、originate [ə'ridʒineit] 开始，发明，发起30、bulk 松厚；n. 大小,体积,大批,大多数；vt. 显得大,显得重要31、reboiler 再沸器32、vapor 蒸汽，水蒸汽33、climbing-film 升膜34、long-tube-vertical (LTV) evaporator长管立式蒸发器35、service 服务；保养；检修36、falling-film evaporator 降膜蒸发器37、preheat-falling-rising types 预热升降蒸发器38、forced circulation units 强制循环装置39、crystallizing evaporator 结晶蒸发器40、variation [vɛəri'eiʃən]变动,变化,变异,变种41、vapor-compression evaporator 二次汽压缩蒸发汽42、waste heat evaporator 废热蒸发器43、sophisticated [sə'fistikeit]condensate44、treatment system完善的冷凝水处理系统45、combustion [kəm'bʌstʃən]燃烧，氧化46、impurity杂质47、clarify澄清，阐明；使明晰48、entrained white liquor vt. 使乘火车,拖,产生,导致 vi. 乘火车49、dissolving tank 溶解槽50、calcine['kælsain] 烧成石灰，煅烧51、lime kiln [kiln] 石灰窑52、fluid bed calciner 流化床焙烧炉53、thermal ['θə:ml] a. 热的,热量的,烫的n. 上升温暖气流54、soap skimming 皂化物的撇除55、tall oil 妥尔油，塔罗油56、molten，melt的过去分词，熔化的，炽热的57、calcium 钙58、endothermic [endəu'θə:mik]吸热（性）的59、sulfur 硫磺60、natural gas 天然气Lesson 11 Mechanical Pulping1、mechanical pulping机械制浆2、stone groundwood ( SGW )磨石磨木浆3、refiner 磨浆机，精磨机4、specific energy 单位能耗5、parameter 参数6、nomenclature ['nəumənkleitʃə] n. 命名法,专门语,术语7、specify v. 详细说明,具体说明,指明8、sequence 顺序9、PGW, pressurized groundwood 压力磨木浆10、PRMP，pressure refined mechanical pulp 压力盘磨机械浆11、CRMP, chemi-refiner mechanical pulp 化学盘磨机械浆12、CTMP, chemi-thermomechanical pulp 预热法木片化学机械浆13、APMP, alkaline peroxide mechanical pulp 碱性过氧化物机械浆14、demarcation [di:mɑ:'keiʃən] n. 划界,划定界限,限界15、attrition [ə'triʃən] n. 摩擦,磨损16、resin ['rezin] 树脂，涂树脂于17、non-resinous 无脂的18、rosin 松香，树脂，用松香涂19、yield 得率，收获率；（纸板）紧度20、catalog paper ['kætəlɔ:g]目录纸21、bolt [bəult]22、abrasive [ə'breisiv] 粗糙的23、grinder ['graində] 磨木机，研磨机24、grinding 磨木，粉碎25、tear strength撕裂强度26、freeness 游离度27、disintegrate [dis'intigreit] 分解，碎解28、disk 圆盘；刀盘；磨盘29、steaming 汽蒸30、shive 浆块，碎浆，碎片，纤维束31、drastic 激烈的32、category 种类，类项33、corrugating medium 瓦楞芯纸Lesson 12 Washing of Pulps1、foam problem 泡沫问题2、counter-current 逆流3、drum filter 转鼓过滤机4、vacuum filter [ˋ'vækjuəm]真空过滤机5、pressurized washer压力洗涤（浆）机6、diffuser washer扩散洗涤器7、brown stock 本色浆8、screw presses 螺旋压榨9、wash presses 洗涤压榨10、rotary-vacuum-filter旋转式真空洗浆机11、wash zone 洗涤区12、installation n. 就任,就职;安装,安置;装置,设备;设施13、uniformity 同样，一致14、defoamer 消泡剂15、erect a. 直立的,竖立的,笔直的 vt. 使竖立,使直立,树立,建立 vi. 勃起16、outdoor 户外17、facility n. 容易,便利,设施,设备;熟练,灵巧18、discharge 排除，释放Lesson 13 Screening1、screening 筛选2、vibratory 振动器3、gravity centrifugal 重力离心的4、centripetal 向心的5、perforated barrier ['pə:fəreit] 筛板6、slot 细长的孔，缝，狭槽，筛孔7、slot screen 缝筛8、debris [də'bri:] 碎片，残骸9、intermittently [intə(:)'mitəntli]间歇地10、barrier 防护、屏障11、screen plate 筛板12、plug up堵塞13、shake 摇动、振动14、vibration振动15、hydraulic 水力，液压16、hydraulic sweeping action 液压扫刮动作17、back-flushing 反冲18、pulsing the flow 使液流脉动19、moving foils 移动叶片20、paddle 桨叶21、flat screen 平筛22、reject 筛渣，废料；23、obsolete 荒废的，陈旧的，淘汰的24、align 使成一行25、circular 圆形的26、vibratory flat screen 振动平筛27、rotary vibratory screen 回转式振筛28、gravity centrifugal screen重力离心筛29、piping 配管30、pumping 泵送31、slime腐浆；粘液；32、cascade arrangement 串联布置Lesson 14 Centrifugal cleaning1、specific gravity 比重2、centrifugal cleaner 离心净化器3、liquid cyclone 液体旋沉器4、hydrocylclone 水力旋沉器5、vortex cleaner 涡旋净化器6、centricleaner离心净化器7、conical 圆锥形的8、cylindrical- conical 圆筒圆锥9、vessel 器皿10、tangential inlet 正切入口11、cone圆锥12、cylinder 圆筒，烘缸，圆网13、vortex finder 涡旋导向器，14、accepts nozzle良浆口15、underflow 下溢，斜溜槽16、nozzle 喷嘴17、fluid shear 流体剪切力18、scroll 纸卷，螺旋线19、tangentially 切线的20、velocity 速率21、orifice 孔，口22、reject orifice 排渣口23、floc 絮凝物24、reverse-flow 逆流Lesson 15 Pulp Bleaching1、chromophoric groups 发色基团2、lignin-preserving 保留木素式3、linkage 连接，键合4、eliminate 除去，排除，剔除，消除5、oxidant 氧化剂6、chlorine 氯7、oxygen 氧8、hypochlorite 次氯酸盐9、chlorine dioxide二氧化氯10、hydrogen peroxide 过氧化氢11、ozone 臭氧12、reductant 还原剂13、hydrosulfite 连二亚硫酸盐14、sodium hydroxide 氢氧化钠15、caustic extraction 碱抽提16、delignification 脱木素（作用）17、invariably 不变化地，一成不变地，常常地18、identify vt. 识别,认明,鉴定,使等同于 vi. 一致,变成一致19、sulfonate 磺化，磺酸盐20、decolore 脱色21、appreciable 可测量的，可感到的22、sodium hydrosulfite 连二亚硫酸钠23、eye appeal 观感Lesson 16 Introduction of Papermaking1、filtered mat 过滤层2、drain 泄水，排水 drainage 排水，滤水 draining滤水3、suspension 悬浮液4、fine screen 细筛5、definition 定义6、entangle 使纠缠，卷入，使混乱7、coherent structure 相互粘连着，相互交织的结构8、vegetable kingdom 植物界9、cellulosic nature 纤维素性质10、bond 结合键，证券；粘合11、attribute vt. 把…归因于,把…归咎于;认为…是某人所有,认为…是某人创造12、frame 框架13、sheet mould纸模14、vat 槽，浆槽15、intact 完整的16、felt 毛毯，毛布17、blotter 吸水纸18、in some ways 在某种程度上19、sophistication 完善，复杂化Lesson 17 Stock Preparation System1、stock preparation system 浆料制备系统2、lap pulp浆板3、pulper 碎浆机4、consistency regulator 浓度调节器5、metering and blending计量和混合6、filler填料7、dye染料8、machine chest 纸机（贮）浆池9、stuff box 调浆箱10、headbox 流浆箱11、whitewater 白水12、blade 刀口，刮刀13、storage tank 贮浆槽14、clump 浆块15、clump together 在一起成浆团（浆块）16、lumpy 成块的，块状Lesson 18 Mechanism of Beating and Refining1、mechanism n. 机械,机构,结构,机理,技巧，机制2、interchangeably [intə(:)'tʃeindʒəbli]可交换地3、perpendicular [pə:pən'dikjulə]垂直的4、exemplify [ig'zemplifai]例证，例示5、conical 圆锥形的6、crossing n. 横断,渡航,交叉点,渡口7、in all cases 就一切情况而论8、modify 修正，变更，修饰；9、furnish 配料10、shear stress 切变应力11、normal stress 正应力12、permeable 有浸透性的，能透过的13、swell 润胀14、hydration 水化（作用）15、flexibility 柔韧性，灵活性Lesson 19 Effect of Beating on Sheet properties1、porous 多孔的；疏松的；素烧（瓷）的2、wild 云彩花3、dense 紧密的，浓厚的，密集的，稠密的4、positively 确实地；必然地5、visualize vt. 使看得见,使具体化,想象,设想 vi. 想象,显现6、adverse a. 不利的,敌对的,相反的,逆的7、basic weight 定量8、fold strength 耐折度folding strength9、tensile strength 抗张强度10、mullen strength 耐破度11、tearing resistance 撕裂度tearing strength12、opacity 不透明度13、density 密度14、clump 丛，块，笨重的脚步声15、curdle 使凝结，使凝固，使变质；凝结，凝固，变质Lesson 20 Sizing and Loading1、size 规格，尺寸；胶料2、sizing 施胶，胶料3、sizing agent 施胶剂4、sizing degree 施胶度5、sizing roll /size roll 施胶辊6、sizing tester 施胶度测定仪7、size boiler 熬胶锅8、size cooking 熬胶，制胶9、sized 施胶的sized paper 施胶纸10、web sizing 表面施胶11、wet end 湿部，铜网部12、wet end additive 湿部添加剂，湿部助剂13、wet end chemistry 湿部化学14、wet end finish 湿部整饰15、wet end furnish 湿部配比，浆料配比16、rosin 松香17、amber 琥珀色；琥珀色的，琥珀的18、resin 树脂19、pine 松树20、tap 轻打，轻敲，敲打出，使流出21、stump 树干22、tall oil 塔罗油，塔尔油23、solution 溶液24、emulsion 乳液25、precipitate 沉淀26、alum ['æləm] 铝27、polyelectrolytic 聚电解质28、retention aid 助留剂29、load 负荷；装聊；装入，输入30、loading agent 填料31、filler 填料；填充物、装锅器32、optical 光学的33、opaque 不透明34、clay 白土，高岭土35、calcium carbonate碳酸钙36、talc 滑石talc powder滑石粉37、titanium dioxide 二氧化钛38、opacifier 遮光Lesson 21 Sheet formation1、dewater 脱水2、paperboard 纸板3、lightweight paper 低定量纸4、fabric n. 织物,布,建筑物,结构,构造5、table roll案辊6、foil 薄片，案板7、suction equipment 真空设备8、drilled couch 带孔伏辊9、decay 衰减、衰退；腐朽10、turbulence 湍流、湍动11、mat字型、纸板12、filtration 过滤13、discrete 离散的；不连续的14、immobilize 使不动，使固定，不能移动15、endless finely woven belt无端细编织网（带）16、mesh网目17、plastic mesh fabrics塑料编织网，塑料网状织物18、breast roll 胸辊19、headbox 流浆箱20、couch roll 伏辊21、perforated shell 带孔的壳，有孔的外壳21、suction 抽吸，抽吸作用；吸出，吸出作用22、high-vacuum suction box 高真空吸水箱23、forming board 成形板24、foil 薄片，案板25、augment 增加，增大26、cross-oscillation motion 横向振动27、dandy roll 饰面辊，罗纹辊，水印辊28、mount 安装，装上，安放29、trim 切边，冲边30、erratic [i'rætik] 不稳定的31、high-pressure water jet 高压喷水32、squirt 水针33、re-slur 重新碎浆Lesson 22 Pressing1、press 压榨，压，印刷机2、press felt 压榨毛毯3、press button 按钮4、press drying压榨干燥5、pressing 压，压榨6、press section 压榨部7、dryer section干燥部8、dryer 干燥器，烘缸9、economical 节俭的，经济的，合算的10、runnability 运行性能，运行情况11、evaporation 蒸发12、profile 侧面，轮廓，人物素描13、phase 相；期，阶段14、saturate 饱和15、dryness 干度16、reabsorption 回吸17、rewetting 回湿18、postulate 假定，要求；基本条件19、capillary 毛细管；毛状的，毛细作用的20、configuration 结构21、plain roll 普通平压辊22、suction press 真空压榨23、approach24、transverse-flow pressing横流压榨25、receptor 接收器26、laterally ['lætərəli]侧面地，旁边地27、grooved-roll 沟纹辊28、blind-drilled receptor roll 盲孔脱水（压榨）辊29、void 空隙，孔隙；孔率；无效的30、fabric press衬毯压榨31、dwell 停留Lesson 23 Paper Drying1、paper drying 纸的干燥2、dryer section 干燥部3、thermal 热的，温的4、wrap 包，裹，包装，覆盖5、wrap angle 包角6、wrapper 包装纸7、wrapper roll 捐筒包装纸8、wrapping 包装9、wrapping paper 包装纸10、indice['indisi:z] index 的复数指数，指标11、evaporation rate 蒸发率12、steam economy 蒸汽利用率13、BTU British themal unit14、peak 最高的15、constant rate zone 恒速区16、ventilation 通风；排气17、permeable 有浸透性的，能透过的18、dryer felt 干毯，干燥毛毯19、shrinkage 收缩，收缩率20、tension张力 tensioning roll张紧辊21、position位置；positioning roll定位辊Lesson 24 Calendering and Supercalendering1、calendering 压光2、paper grades 纸种3、cross-direction 横向4、reel-building 复卷5、converting加工6、compensate补偿7、caliper 厚度；测径器，卡钳，弯角器；用卡钳测量8、induce 引诱，招致，感应9、infinitesimally [infini'tesiməli] 极小地10、deform 变形11、replicate ['replikeit] vt. 折叠,折转,复制 n. 八音阶间隔的反复高低音a. 折转的,弯回的12、pliable 弯曲13、pliable wood 弯曲木材14、pliablility 弯曲性15、efficacy ['efikəsi] 功效，效力16、glazen. 釉,上光,光滑面 vt. 装以玻璃,上釉于 vi. 变成为光滑,变呆滞17、compaction 压紧18、soft-nip calendar软压光19、supercalendering 超级压光20、unwind stand 退纸架21、stack 堆；烟囱；存储栈；存储栈数据22、rewind 复卷23、lead roll 导辊，导纸辊24、entrapment [in'træpmənt] 夹杂，捕集，圈闭25、creasing起皱26、elastic弹性的27、plastic 可塑的，塑性的28、depression 压迫，压制29、creep 蠕变30、spread area 舒展区31、filled roll 纸粕辊32、rolling friction 滚动摩檫33、polishing/polish 抛光，磨光34、delicate 脆弱的35、dent缺陷，凹陷；dented 有缺陷的36、torn paper破损纸张，断纸37、lump浆块，浆团38、mark 标志；标记；限度；界限；痕；印Lesson 25 Paper and Paperboard Properties--------------Basic Sheet Properti es1、basis weight （纸张）定量2、communication 通讯，3、packaging 包装，打包4、Grammage 定量，克重5、caliper 厚度6、processor 信息处理机7、centimeter 厘米8、millimeter 毫米9、micrometer 微米10、compressibility 可压缩性11、density 密度12、bulk 松厚（度）13、predictor 预测者，预告者14、moisture content 水分含量 moisture水分15、shift 变化16、curl 卷曲17、wrinkle 起皱18、felt side 毛毯面，正面19、wire side 网面，反面20、imprint vt. 印,印记号,铭刻 n. 印,印记,痕迹,版本说明 imprinted paper 压印纸21、noticeable 引人注目的，显明的，值得注意的Lesson 26 Paper and Paperboard Properties--------------Strength Properties1、strength properties 强度性能2、tensile strength 抗张强度3、extensibility 伸长性4、stretch 伸长，伸长率5、Mullen 耐破度6、simultaneous 同时发生的，同时的7、puncture resistance 耐戳穿强度8、burst 耐破度，破裂度9、diaphragm ['daiəfræm] 隔膜，薄膜10、clamp 夹；夹板，压板；钳11、pop test 耐破测验12、tearing resistance 撕裂度，撕裂性能13、evaluate 评价，评估，赋值14、internal tearing resistence内撕裂度15、notch V形切痕16、simulate 模拟17、fold 折叠18、fold test 耐折度测定19、relative humidity 相对湿度20、equilibrate [i:kwə'laibreit] 平衡，相称Lesson 27 Paper and Paperboard Properties-------------Optical properties1、optical properties 光学性能2、whiteness 白度3、brightness 亮度，白度4、reflectance 反射率5、opaque 不透明性6、wavelength 波长7、incident light 入射光8、roughly 粗糙的，粗略的9、magnesium oxide 氧化镁10、region 区域，范围11、opacity 不透明度12、opacity paper不透明纸13、printer 印刷工作者，印刷机14、printing 印刷15、indication 指示，象征，象征物16、gloss 光泽度17、specular reflectance镜面反射18、microscopic [maikrəs'kɔpik] 显微镜的。
制浆造纸专业英语常见单词
axis(shaft) accesory air loaded head box adjustable bow cured (cheese) roll aquapulper (hydrapulper) anchor bolt apron board attrition mill auto-slice automatic felt guide automatic pick-up automatic regulator
锁紧螺丝
pulp bin（chest)
浆池
lube
润滑油
pulp bin-thickener
浓缩机
第 2 页，共 3 页pulper
碎浆机
maintenance manhole millwright
维修 人孔 安装工
nameplate
铭牌
Nash pump 纳氏泵，水环式真空泵
newsprint
新闻纸，报纸
卸料
grease
黄油、润滑油
disperse
热分散
gripper
抓斗
distributor roll
匀浆辊
guard
挡板，护板；防护
doctor（knife) dog eared
刮刀 卷边
gummed paper tape
胶纸带
double calendered
两次压光
double coated
两次涂布
匀浆辊
inspect
检查；检验
extruder
挤压机
Jack
千斤顶
felt
毛布
jet
喷射
feeler
探针
flexing
制浆造纸专业单词3
Chapter 9 Non-fibrous Additives to Papermaking StockA wide range of chemicals is utilized in the papermaking stock furnish to impart or enhance specific sheet properties or to serve other necessary purposes. A general classification of wet-end chemical and mineral additives is given in Table 9-1. Such additives as alum, sizing agent, mineral fillers, starches and dye are commonly used. Chemicals for control purposes such as drainage aids, defoamers, retention aids, pitch dispersants, slimicides, and corrosion inhibitors are added as required. The order of addition must be taken into account to prevent interaction at the wrong time and enhance retention in the paper sheet.Not all papermaking chemicals are added to the vet stock. Sizing solution is often applied to the tried sheet at a later stage in the process (e.g., at the size press): and pigment coatings are used for the better quality publication grades. Increased papermill chemical and mineral consumption is anticipated mainly for coatings. The highest tonnage additive is clay, over half of which is used as part of surface coating formulations.It is of interest to put an economic perspective on the chemical and mineral contribution to papermaking. Perhaps, on average, 10% of the cost of making paper can be attributed to chemicals. Figuring the value of annual North American paper and board shipments at $80 billion, the industry probably uses some $8 billion wirth of additives per year.9.1 RETENTION ON THE PAPER MACHINETwo parameters are used to measure the retention of fibers and additives during paper forming: These formulas apply to the overall furnish or to any single component of the furnish. The cost of utilization for various additives is mainly related to their overall retention, because the portion not retained with the sheet is lost with the white water overflow from the system. Even though modern papermaking systems have a high degree of “closure” to reduce the volume of effluent, losses of certain constituents can still be substantial.Paper quality and paper machine operation are more affected by single-pass retention. A low level of single-pass retention indicates a high recycle rate of furnish materials with the recirculating white water, it gives rise to non-uniform distribution in the cross-section of the sheet and may contribute to two-sidedness (i.e., different surface propertise on the tow sides) in fourdrinier-made paper. The accunulation of fines and additives in the headbox loop retards drainage, and the fines fraction absorbs a disproportionate amount of certain additives by virtue of its high specific surface. Also, pitch and slime have a greater propensity for buildups and agglomerations, and are generally more difficult to control. The major factors that affect the retention of such additives as rosin sizes, starches, resins and fillers during the sheet forming process anr listed in Table 9-2. Retention of nonfibeous additives occurs through the mechanisms of filtration, chemicalbonding, colloidal phenomena, and adsorption. Filtration (i.e., mechanical interception) is important for retaining large particles, but smaller panicles must be retained by other means (see Figure 9-1). For example, it is estimated that only about 2% of titanium dioxide pigment particles (average size 0.2 microns) are retained by the mechanism of filtration.A number of retention aid chemicals are available to the ppaermaker (see also next section). Since these chemicals act mainly through flocculation and entanglement, some care should be exercised in their utilization. Some effects on stock drainage and anticipated. Primarily, the dispersive action of the headbox system must be adequate to avoid overflocculated stock that would be detrimental tosheet formation.9.2 WET END CHEMISTRYWet end chemistry deals with all the interctions between furnish materials and the chemical/physical process occurring at the wet end of the paper machine. While the wet end of the paper machine. While the subject is complex, it is possible to gain a basic understanding of the major concepts without delving too deeply into the tachnical aspects. The major interactions at the molecular and colloidal level are surface charge, flocculation, coagulation, hydrolysis, microbiologucal cativity. These interactions are fundamental to the papermaking process. For example, to achieve effective retention, drainage, sheet formation, and sheet properties, it is necessary that the filler particles, fiber fines,size and starch be flocculated and/or adsorbed onto the large fiber with minimal flocculation between the large fibers themselves. These is a wide range of ohenomena (as listed in Table 9-3) which can influence these fundamental interactions.There are three major groups involved in wet-end chemistry: solid, colloids and solubles. Most attention is focused on the solid and their retention. In order to maximize retention, it is important to cause the fines and fillers to approach each other and form bonds or aggregates which are stable to the shear forces encountered in the paper machine headbox and approach system. In modern papermaking, this is usually accomplished by using synthetic polymers.Certain colloidal materials derived from cellulose and hemicelluloses are released from pulps or watepapers or added deliberately. The pulping process breaks down the cellulosic structures into smaller molecules which are potentially soluble. These smaller molecules have a negative impact on process control and runnability, and their natural retention is effectively zero. They concentrate within the system, consume chemicals and are generally a nuisance.Control of wet-end chemistry is vital to ensure that a uniform paper priduce is manufactured. If the system is allowed to get out of balance (say, by over-use of cationic polymers), the fibers thenselves will become flocculated and sheet formation will suffer. Also, functional additives (e.g., size, wet-Strength agents) are often added at the wet end; if the chemistry is not under control, the functionality may not be adequately imparted and the product will be off-quelity. Unfortunately, wet-end chemistry is made more complex because of soluble materials. Whehter they are organic or inoragic, added deliberately or inadvertantly, they change the action of the polymers, In particular, wastepaper furnishes content a relatively high concentration of solubes and a greater variety of chemical species which have an adverse impact on the controllablity of the wet end.ElectrokineticsThe term zeta potential，applies to the electrical charges existing in finr dispersions. A solid particle (e.g., fiber, starch, mineral) suspended in a papermaking stock is surrounded by a dense layer of ions having a specific electrical charge. This layer is surroubded by another layer, more diffuse than the first, that has an electrical charge of its own. The bulk of the suspended liquid also has its own electrical charge (see Figure 9-2). The difference in electrical charge betweeen the dense layer of ions surrounding the partical and the bulk of the suspended liquid is the zeta potential, usually measureed in millivolts.The best retention of the fine panicles and colloids in the papermaking system normally occurs when the zeta potential is near zero. Pulp fibers, filler and size panicles usually carry a negative charge, but the zeta potential can be controlled by absorbing positive ions from solution. Ployvalent cations such as aluminum (A3+) and ferric (Fe3+) are most effective.Papermakers lum, Al2(SO4)3, is still a commonly used agent for wet end chemistry because it effectively neutralizes the negatively-charged fiber and pigment particales to zero zeta potential. At the proper p . it also hydrolyzes to form an ionic polymer:Al2(SO4)3 +6H2O 3H2SO4 + 2Al(OH)3This aluminum polymer has a significant flocculating effect by bridging from particle to panicle and thereby forming large ionically-attracted flocs. However, the retentioneffect is sensitive to shearing forces or strong agitation. With higher paper machine speed, alum has become less effective. Fortunately,synthetic polymers have been developed with good shear resistance. These polyelectrolytes are available either as cationic or anionic retention aids. The retention mechanism is a combination of ionic charges and long molecular chains linking fibers and particles together. Synthetic polymers have less p dependence than alum and are used in very dilute form. Instruments are now available to measure both zeta potential and single-pass retention. Therefore, the economics of utilizing polyelectrolytic polymers to optimize zeta potential and retention can be monitored continuously and evaluated under commercial conditions.Some researchers have found that simple adjustment of the papermaking system close to zero zeta potential will lead to optimum results (e.g., Figure 9-3). Others have found the optimum zeta potential to be approximately -9 mv. However, in commercial practice these findings have not always been confirmed. It appears that zeta potential is an indirrct measure of a number of interacting factors, each of which could be dominant under certain conditions. As such, it cannot be relied upon to provide unequivocal information for operation of the papermaking system. Perhaps the best role for an online zeta potential measurement is to chzracterize a well-operated system, and then flag upsets by showing deviations from the norm.9.3 APPLICATIONS OF NON-FIBROUS ADDITIVESSizingThe purpose of sizing is to enable paper products to resist penetration by fluids. Sizing can be achieved either by using wet-end additives or by applying a suitable coating to the surface of the dried paper. Sometimes a combination of treatments is required. The action of a wet-end sizing agent also imparts other desirable properties to the paper; however, the sheet remains porous. For products that require a vapor barrier, a surface coating must be used.A fundamental factor influencing the rate of liquid penetration is the contact angle formed between the impinging liquid and the sheet surface, as illustrated in Figure 9-4. The action of a wet-end sizing agent is to provide the fiber surface with a hydrophobic, “low-energy”coating that discourages aqueous liquids from moving extensively. The traditional wet-end sizing agent is a modified rosin, most often in a saponified form to make it water soluble. Rosin size is usually shipped to the paper mill as a high-solids thick paste and is diluted through an “emulsifier”for metering into the stock. Natural rosin is the amber-colored resin obtained from southern pines. Formerly, it was tapped from growing trees or extracted from stumps. Now, more commonly, it is processed from tall oil (see also Section 10.6). Rosin is an amphipathic material, meaning that it has both hydrophillic and hydrophobic parts. To provide good sizing, it is essential that the hydrophobic parts are oriented outward, as shown in Figure 15-5. In practice, the rosin is precipitated onto the fibers by the action of alum as an oriented monolayer of aluminum resinate molecules.Rosin, along with wax emulsions, is sometimes categorized as bulk or nonreactive sizes. Their retention is dependent primarily on precipitate panicle size and electrostatic attraction to cellulose. Also, they depend on the drying process to promote flow and coverage of the fiber surface. But, they do not react chemically with the fiber.Corresponding to the movement from traditional acidic papermaking toward a neutral or alkaline wen end. There is a trend toward greater use of synthetic sizing agents which react chemically with the cellulose hydroxyl groups to form stable ester linkages. These chemicals were introduced to the paper industry in the 1950’s and provideed the first opportunity to manufacture sized paper in an alum-free envioronment. Alkyl ketene limer was the first commercially available reactive size and is still the most widely used. Acrylic stearic anhydride size (derived from fatty acids) and alkenyl succinic anhyfride (derived from petroleum) are more reactive and have more selective applications.Internal StrengthA number of natural and synthetic polymeric substances (refer to Table 9-4) may be admixed with the stock at the wet end to improve the physical properties of the dry paper sheet. Their action is to enforce fiber-to-fiber bonds and thereby improve the burst and tensile strength, provide greater resistance to erasure, reduce “fuzz”or limit on the paper surface, and reduce the rate of water penetration.The traditional internal strength additives are natural and modified starches and gums. Starches are polymers of glucose and are derived from various plants, principally corn, tapioca, potato and wheat. Gums are polymers of mannose and galactose and are derived from locust bean and guar seeds. Both starches and gums are usually cooked at low concentration liquor to use to promote swelling and dispersion.The trend today is toward increased use of such synthetic polymers as latexes and polyacrylamides either alone or in combinnation with starches and gums. By means of copolymerizing or cross-linking, these products have evolved over the past two decades to meet a wide range of specific requirements for greater paper strength with different degrees of stiffness and stretch.Wet Strength ResinsOrdinary paper will retain a significant portion of its strength when immersed in most oils or solvents (see Table 9-5). But because of the special interaction between water and cellulose, the normal fiber-to-fiber bonds are destroyed in aqueous media. The action of wet-strength resins is to tie fibers and fines together with additional bonds that are not taken apart by water. Wet-strength paper is defined as such if it retains more than 15% of its tensile strength when wet. Some papers actually retain up 15%. Wet strength develops during aging: this effect is more pronounced with treated papers, but is also true for untreated papers.The most common wet-strength agents are urea-formaldehyde, melamine-formaldehyde and polyamide resins; they are water-soluble and available in both anionic and cationic forms. These agents are applied at an intermediate degree of polymarization, so that the final “cure” is obtained in the fryers. Since wet-strength resins are water-soluble, they must be fixed onto the fibers. Retention can be poor under some conditions. Anionic resins are best added with alum, but only after rosin size has been precipitated. The best retention on the stock is achieved over a relatively long period of contact.Fillers or LoadingsFinely-divided while mineral fillers are added to papermaking furnishes to improve the optical and physical properties of the sheet. The panicles serve to fill in the spaces and crevices between the fibers, thus producing a denser, softer, brighter, smoother and more opaque sheet. In some instances the paper can also be made cheaper because the filler are often less costly than fiber.The proportion of filler in the sheet is limited by the resultant reduction in strength, bulk and sizing quality. The majority of filled papers contain between 5 and 15% of sheet weight, but some heavily loaded grades exceed 30% (refer to Figure 9-6). An important innovation of the 1980’s was the development of the multicomponent wet-end chemical system, described as a systems approach toward optimizing the balance between retention,dewatering and product strenghth. A number of proprietary two-component systems are currently being offered by chemical supplier which are purported to allow a higher level of loading without compromising machine productivity or product quality (see Figure 9-7)The common papermaking fillers are clay (kaolin, bentonite), calcium carbonate tale (magnesium, silicate), and titanium dioxide. Clay is the most popular filler because it is cheap, plentiful, stable and provides generally good performance. Calcium carbonate is used only in neutral or alkaline systems because of its solubility at lower p levels. It is available at a higher brightness level than clay and is a better opacifier, it is especially useful for “permanent paper” because it neutralizes the acids which from during aging and cause deterioration. Titanium dioxide is the brightest and most effective opacifier; however, its relatively high cost limits its use to those application where high whiteness and opacity must be obtained at low filler level without loss of strength. Talc is notable as a “soft” filler, imparting a soft, silky feel to the paper product. Talc also has an affinity for pitch particaled and is effective in preventing pitch deposits in the papermaking system.Chemical DyesThe absorption of dye by pulp fibers depends on the chemical nature of the dye, the capillary pore structure of the fiber, and the nature and polarity of the fiber surface. The principal types of water-soluble dyes are known as acid, basic, or direct. Chemically, acid and direct dyes are similar, both being the sodium salts of colored acids. The difference is in other affinity (or substantivity) for cellulose fibers. While direct dyes are readily absorbed by cellulosic fibers, the acid dyes can only be retained by adding rosin size and alum. Acid dyes are more soluble in water than other classes of dyes and have the advantage over basic dyes that they do not mottle in mixed fiber furnishes. As a class, direct dyes are less soluble than acid dyes, tending to form colloidal systems, they are often duller than basic dyes and more expensive for producing a given shade.Basic dyes are the salts of color bases, and generally appear as the chlorides, hydrochlorides, sulfates, or oxalates. They are the most important class used in coloring paper. They have the advantages of low cost, high tinctorial strength, and great brilliance. Sometimes basic dyes are used in small quantities to improve the brilliance of acid or direct dyes, in this way producing a small anount of insoluble color “lake”. Because there are severial chemical groupings of basic dyes, considerable variation is found in the physical and dyeing properties among individual members. However, as a class, basic dyes possess relatively poor fastness to light, acid, alkalis, and chlorine. All dyes are specific chemical compounds. The actual color produced in the paper from adding one or more of these compounds is affected by various processing conditions, such as the nature of the pulp used, the degree of refining, and the chemical balance. Therfore, color matching of products and control of color uniformity is a difficult task requiring experience and judgment. Often, consultation with a specialist in the dield is required to solve a specific problem.Control of PitchA common problem in paper mills is the depositing of pitch panicles within the papermaking system. These panicles accumulate in the openings of the forming fabric, thereby producing holes in the finished product. They also collect within the structure of press felts, thus reducing the felt’spermeability, and on roll surfaces causing pickouts and non-uniform peeling of the sheet. Once deposited, oitch can only be removed by scrubbing with solvents or special cleaning compounds. Pitch is composed of low-molecular-weight oleophilic materials (mainly fatty acids, rsin acids and esters) which are released from wood fibers during chemical and mechanical processing, and precipitated as calcium and magnesium salts. The concern in a papermaking system is with “depositable oitch”, rather than the total pitch content Pitch that is well dispersed usually causesno problems.In acid systems, alum is used for cationic fixation of pitch on to the fibers. Nonionic wetting agents are commonly used in alkaline systems to disperse the pitch. Since oitch is precipitated by caicium or magnesium, any step to reduce the amount or impact if these ions will be helpful. Where possible, use of lard water should be avoided. In some cases, delating agents to inactivate the metallic ions re useful. To be effective, all chemicals used for pitch control must be added before agglomeration occurs.9.4 ALKALINE PAPERMAKINGTraditionally, sized papers were manufactured only under acid conditions. The capability to produce papers ubder neutral or alkaline conditions has now existed for over 30 years, and about 75% of European fine paper mills have converted to this technology. North American papermakers initially were more reluctant to change, but interest has surged since 1980. The original impetus came mainly from customer demands for higher brightness and opacity. Another significant factor was that calcium carbonate fillers became readily available and more price-comprtitive. Approximately 30% of North American fine paper is now produced by the alkaline process.As mills have changed over, a wide range of benefits have been documented. Now, the major driving force toward conversion is the greater force strength of the alkaline sheet which permits higher levels of clay and calcium carbonate filler. Typical ash content with alkaline sizing rage from 18% to 25% vs 7% to 12% with an acid system. Substitution od filler for fiber provides significant economic advantages. Since calcium carbonate serves to stabilize the papermaking system in the p range from 7.2 to 8.0, other means of p control are no longer necessary. Additionally, the alkaline system is less prone to corrision, so maintenance cost is lowed. Because of reduced chemical loading, alkaline systems are more easily closed than acid systems.Along with synthetic reactive sizes, calcium carbonate fillers are at the heart od alkalin papermaking. Two forms of calcium carbonat having quite different morphologies are common used. Ground calcium carbonate is made from natural chalk deposits using sophisticated we grinding technology. Precipitated calcium carbonate is a manufactured product made by passing flue gas through a milk of lime solution. While either from is often used as the sole filler, blends can be used to optimize the opacity and production goals for a particular grade.So-called alkaline papermaking systems actually operate in the p range from 7.0 to 8.0, just barely into the alkaline region. It is understandable that many industry people prefer to use the term “neutral papermaking”.。
制浆造纸单词
制浆工艺impregnator预浸器refiner盘磨机preheater预加热器pre-steaming bin预蒸仓heat recovery热回收thickner浓缩机Twin-Roll Press双辊挤浆机Thickening浓缩HC-bleaching高浓漂白Reject chest渣浆池Reject refiner渣浆池Screw drainer螺旋卸料器Plug screw feeder料塞螺旋喂料器Primary screen一段筛Stator plate定盘Standpipe立管Flat zone平盘区Blow line喷放管线Pressure cyclone压力旋风分离器Gravity重力Impurity杂质Extractive抽取物Manganese锰Equalizing bin匀料仓Rotomixer转子混合器Bleaching liquor漂液Disc screen盘筛Level indicator液位指示器Metering screw计量螺旋Gyratory screen旋筛Reclaim卸料Screw feeder螺旋喂料器Distallition蒸馏Shive纤维束Barometric leg水腿Filtrate滤液White water chest白水池Dewater脱水Pressurized preheating常压预加热Single-disc refiner单盘盘磨机Latency潜能Preheater加热器Double-disc refiner双盘盘磨机Load split荷载分配Coarse fiber粗纤维Reject浆渣Single-stage refining一段磨浆Pilot scale中试厂Energy consumption能耗Tear strength撕裂强度Retention time滞留时间Overpressure超压Lamella薄片Fiber wall纤维墙Compressed steam压缩蒸汽Soft fiber软纤维Moisture content水份Softness柔软度Toughness硬度Tensile index抗张指数Tear index撕裂指数Light scattering光散射系数Bulk松厚度Yield得率Standard newsprint 标准新闻纸Improved newsprint改良新闻纸Saturated steam饱和蒸汽Suspended solid悬浮物Effluent treatment污水处理Dew point露点Screen basket筛鼓Fastening bolt 坚固螺栓Stuffing box填料箱Inspection hatch检查孔Hub轮毂spherical thrust roller bearing球墨止推滚柱轴承fastening screw紧固螺丝friction force摩擦力valve tray 填料方式bubble cap汽泡盖sieve tray滤网盘downcomer下导管weir堰板volatile component挥发元素Gap clearance盘隙Refining intensity磨浆强度Centrifugal force离心力Drag force拖拉力Residence time停留时间Long fiber content长纤维含量Conical refiner椎形盘磨机Breaker bar破碎棒Hydrogen peroxide过氧化氢Sodium hydroxide氢氧化钠Sodium silicate硅酸钠Sodium sulfite亚硫酸钠Hydrosulfite次硫酸钠Coagulant PAC聚和剂Sludge污泥Conductivity导电性Iron ion铁离子Chloride氯Centrifugal pump离心泵Inert gas惰气Condenser冷凝器Caustic烧碱Membrane dosing pump隔膜泵Scrubber涤汽器Feed water进水Caustic dosing pump烧碱添加泵Reboiler再生锅炉Wood preparation process Wood preparation备料Bark树皮Debarking脱皮Log原木Chip木片Oversized chip过大木片Overthick chip过厚木片Bark shredder树皮破碎机Screw reclaimer螺旋卸料器Debarking drum剥皮鼓Chipper削片机Chip screen木片筛Log stacker堆垛机Log loader原木装载机Stone trap石子捕集器Metal detector金属探测器Chip silo木片仓Belt scale皮带称Level indicator料位显示器Belt elevator皮带提升机Magnet separator磁铁分离器Dewatering conveyor脱水螺旋Truck卡车Grapple抓斗Discharge screw conveyor卸料螺旋输送机Planetary gear行星齿轮Scrap separatorFoundation bolt基础螺栓Wood species树种Harvest伐木Diagonal gate对角门Rubber tire橡胶轮胎Drum shell鼓壳Equalizing bin匀料仓Pine 松树Birch桦树Spruce云彬Poplar杨木Dumping pit卸料坑Bark chute树皮溜槽Purchased chip商品木片Sedimentation bin沉淀池Electrical partRadiometric measuring放射源测量Digital output数字量输出Digital input数字量输入Analog input 模拟量输出Analog output模拟量输入RTD(resistance temperature detector)电阻温度测量Exciter PLC励磁器PCLVibration sensor振动传感器Moisture sensor水份传感器Oil leakage detector漏油探测器Consistency transmitter浓度变送器Pressure transmitter压力变送器Temperature transmitter温度变送器Flowmeter流量计Local gauge现场指示表Pulse脉冲Level transmitter料位变送器Rectifier整流器Instrument air仪表用气Limit switch限位开关Oil pressure switch油压开关Gear reducer齿轮减速箱Junction box接线箱Bearing assembly轴承装配Zero speed guard零速开关Locked rotor current堵转转子电流Locked rotor torque堵转转子扭矩Rotator转子Stator定子Terminal box端子箱Lubrication station润滑站Cooling fan冷却风机Inverter逆变器Bearing sensor轴承传感器Position switch位置开关synchronous motor同步电机excitation cabinet励磁柜brushless exciter无刷励磁器transducer传感器thermometer温度计neutral point中性点dynamic balance动态平衡Short circuit current短回路电流The related vocabulary for A package (A包相关词汇) Approach flow system流送系统disc filter多盘Thick stock screening浓浆筛选super clear filtrate超清滤液Fiber recovery纤维回收clear filtrate清滤液Cleaner除砂器cloudy filtrate浊滤液Flying wing Deculator cord packing盘根with cleaner 飞翼式除气器double suction pump双吸泵Headbox 流浆箱make-up water补充水Wire pit 机外白水槽accept良浆Condenser冷凝器reject尾渣Vacuum pump真空泵interface衔接Centrifugal pump离心泵sight glass视镜Diagram pump隔膜泵votex nozzle涡流喷嘴Screw pump螺杆泵throttling valve节流阀Displacement pump置换泵recovered fiber回收纤维WW channel白水方管NBKP漂白针叶硫酸盐浆Dilution headbox screen稀释水筛BCTMP漂白化学热磨机械浆HB screen纸机筛poplar pulp杨木浆Broke thickener chest损纸浓缩浆池sweetener垫层浆Dry broke intermitted chest干损纸中间浆池DIP脱墨浆Silencer消音器broken损纸Seal pit水封池dilution water稀释水Manifolds上浆总管sealing water密封水Separator分离器defibrination纤维疏解Vibrations sensor振动传感器oscillating shower摆动喷淋FC motor变频电机flow sheet流程图Dosing chest配浆池emergency stop急停Mixing chest混合浆池manufacturing drawing制造图Machine chest抄前池foundation drawing基础图Stuffing box填料箱reference drawing参考图Header总管functional diagram功能图Distribution pipe布浆管interlocking diagram连锁图Deflector 导流板over flow溢流Suction side引程侧solid content固含量Head扬程buffer缓冲器Counter flange配对法兰furnish配比Anchor bolt地脚螺栓magnetic flow-meter电磁流量计Slid rail 滑轨periodical variation周期波动Tensioning equipment张紧装置random variation随机波动Wall ring大法兰（墙环）fiber orientation纤维定向Motor stand电机座scaling结垢Fastening element紧固件pressure pulsation压力脉冲Steam heater蒸汽加热器flow evenness均衡流量Plug flow滞流short circulation短循环Transition flow过渡流(混流) air pocket气袋slime腐浆turbulence flow紊流(湍流)Medium-consistency storage tower中浓储浆塔plunger pump潜水泵medium-consistency pump中浓泵Water ring pump水环泵air pump气泵dosing pump配料泵volumetric pump剂量泵pneumatic pump气压泵conductivity传导率inorganic无机物turbidity浊率start-up开机shut-down停车bend弯头trouble-free operation无故障操作cleaner bank除砂器组trouble-shooting故障排除reducer变径modification list变更单cascade串联parallel并联forward cleaner推进式除砂器dimension drawing尺寸图pressure transmitter压力传感器remote control远程控制slot screen缝筛hole screen孔筛free air游离空气dynamic and static load动静态载荷bound air结合空气specific energy consumption特定能耗metal detector金属探测器monitor监控器(监视器) bimetal relay金属中继器insulation保温（绝缘）characteristic curve性能曲线booster pump增压泵charge control电荷控制scalping screen去皮筛screen mesh筛眼（孔）first pass retention首程留着率performance test性能测试fiber loss纤维流失sommerville（纤维）筛分仪specific weight特定重量screen cylinder筛缸service platform服务平台recirculation flow回流pressure drop压力降under pressure负压splined shaft花键轴cake discharge water剥浆水filter cloth滤袋mild steel碳钢stainless steel不锈钢profile steel型钢solenoid valve电磁阀gate valve闸板阀ball valve球阀proximity switch限位开关control valve控制阀check valve止回阀shut off valve切断阀zero speed switch零速开关PMC(pneumatic transmitter)气动变送器attachment clamp管夹Bi metallic thermometer with thermowell双金属温度计带热套管Resistance thermometer with electronic transmitter and thermowell一体化变送器Classifier pipe分级管flexible coupling柔性联轴器The Pulp Index(浆指标)Tensile index抗张指数Tear index撕裂指数Light scattering光散射系数brightness白度bulk松厚度freeness游离度schopper-riegler叩解度shives纤维束stickiness黏度yield得率wet weight湿重consistency浓度basis weight定量Words For Printing(印刷词汇)gravure printing凹版印刷letterpress printing凸版印刷offset printing胶版印刷（平版印刷）lithographic printing石版印刷indirect printing间接印刷design printing彩色印刷galley proof活版印刷gang run双联版印刷rainbow printing彩虹印刷(套色印刷) wall paper printing壁纸印刷foam printing发泡印刷stereoscopic print立体印刷nonsolvent printing ink非溶剂型印刷油墨raised printing浮凸雕印steel engraving钢版印刷dry printing干燥印刷numbering printing号码印刷computer-to plate计算机印刷版electrostatic gravure printing静电凹版印刷electrostatic printing静电印刷roll leaf printing卷箔印刷web printing卷筒纸印刷web-fed rotogravure卷筒纸凹版轮转印刷aqueous gravure ink水性凹版印刷油墨porous printing孔版印刷job printing零散件小批量印刷aluminum foil printing铝箔印刷rotary magazine press书刊轮转印刷机aluminum plate印刷铝板rotary intaglio printing machine凹版轮转印刷机rotary letterpress machine凸版印刷机rotary printing轮转印刷rotary perfecting press双面轮转印刷机type offset排字胶印Ink table（印刷机）墨台ink jet printing喷墨印刷inkometer油墨测定仪（测油墨粘度）Ink receptivity着墨性能（印刷材料的）ink tack油墨黏性instant print轻印刷lithogravure平凹版印刷lithography平版印刷术flat-bed cylinder press平台圆压印刷机flat-bed offset machine平台胶印机pigment printing染印thermography热熔印刷plateless engraving热熔印刷plateless printing无印版印刷plate printing铜版印刷halftone gravure加网凹版hot smashing热压法印刷hot stamping热印velvet printing绒面印刷metal tube printing软管印刷flexograghic printing苯胺印刷trichromatic printing三色版印刷speckle (印刷)脱网screen printing网目印刷screen process printing丝网印刷perfect printing双面印刷perfumed printing香味印刷uniprint process橡胶凹版印刷valley printing压槽印刷friar印刷不足的部分monk 印墨过多的地方monochrome printing单色印刷form printing表格印刷summing印刷版面玷污printed opacity印刷不透明度printability适印性print contrast signal印刷反差信号printed box cover盒面印刷纸printed crepe印刷皱纹纸printed gummed tape印刷胶带printer’s dry-proofing paper印刷用校样纸printer印刷品印刷机印刷工晒版机roll of the press印刷完毕printing blanket印刷胶毯printingblock印刷版printing cylinder印刷滚筒printing density印刷密度printing gloss印刷光泽printing pressure印刷压力printing quality印刷性能（质量）printing smoothness印刷光滑度printing specimen印刷样本printing speed印刷速度printing stroke印刷冲程printing test适印试验solid density印刷字迹清晰密度ink showthrough透墨性能missing dot漏印blackening返黑mottling印刷斑点print gloss印刷光泽printability印刷性能Paper Machine纸机:Headbox流浆箱Bottom lip下唇板Turbulence generator湍流发生器Top lip上唇板Rear wall后墙Slice blade堰板moduleJet稀释水Distributor block unite布浆单元cover plate 盖板Air deflector导风片Shower喷淋水Header 总管heating chamber加热室Cross shaft横轴worm gear蜗轮Limit switch限位开关deckle plate定边器Slice opening唇口开度thermal stabilization热平衡Circulation pump循环泵electro-polished电抛光Universal joint万向接头perforated plate孔板Lapped flange松套法兰counter flange配对法兰Tending side操作侧drive side传动侧Jet impingement condition喷射条件profiled bar型钢Accelerating elbow加速弯头centering flange对中法兰Pipe wall管壁weld焊接Discharge valve卸料阀/排污阀Wire section(DuoFormer TQv)网部Forming roll 成型辊breast roll胸辊Wire roll网辊wire stretcher张网器Suction couch roll真空伏辊forming suction box成型真空箱Wet suction box湿吸箱high-vacuum suction box高真空箱JetCleaner喷淋设备DuoCleaner喷淋设备Trim squirt定幅水针doctor刮刀Saveall pan接水板saveall tray接水盘Splash screen防溅板walkway走台Longitude walkway纵向走台Crosswalk横向走台Top wire顶网bottom wire底网Blade刮刀drainage脱水Nodular cast iron球墨铸铁sealing-strip密封条Spur gear正齿轮handwheel手轮Parallel平行knock-off shower断纸喷淋Cantilever悬臂doctor blade holder刮刀片刀胚Doctor back 刮刀背bronze 青铜Loose flange活套法兰aluminum alloy 铝合金Dewater 脱水hose软管Bracket支架support支撑Commissioning phase调试阶段fastening part 紧固件Fitting 接头antifriction bearing 减摩轴承Press section(Tandem NipcoFlex Press)压榨部Pick-up suction roll真空吸移辊Nipco-P roll压榨底辊Press sleeve压榨靴套NipcoFlex roll压榨上辊Felt roll毛毯辊suction felt roll真空毛毯辊Spreader roll伸展辊felt guide毛毯纠偏器Uhle box felt suction tube毛毯真空管Edge suction box边吸箱scraper刮水刀T ail squirt引纸水针steam blow box蒸汽喷箱Forged steel 铸钢coupling 联轴器/接头Shell 辊壳pick-up zone 吸移区Holding zone 稳纸区press sleeve 靴套Cladding覆层cast iron 铸铁Lead-out roll 导出辊low pressure shower低压喷淋High pressure shower高压喷淋chemical shower化学品喷淋Frame 机架oil-hydraulic cylinder 液压油缸Control cabinet 控制柜staircase 楼梯Basement 一楼PM floor 二楼Dryer section(TopDuoRun)干燥部Dryer烘缸DuoStabilizer roll稳纸辊DuoStabilizer box稳纸箱proReleaseStablilizer box稳纸箱Dryer fabric suction roll干毯真空辊dryer fabric roll干毯辊Dryer fabric guide干毯纠偏Dryer fabric stretcher干毯张紧器Sheet breaker断纸器ModuleProP Moisturize横幅水分控制回湿ModulePro C Moisturizer翘曲控制回湿compressed-air 压缩空气Sheet breaker 断纸器tail transfer unit 引纸装置Hot air blow box热风箱hot air blow pipe热风管Remoisturizing device 回湿设备spray beam chamber 喷淋室Mechanical sealing 机械密封Roots-blower 罗茨风机Exhaust station 排湿站Calender (EcoSoft Delta, 2x2 rolls)压光Nipcorect roll可控中高辊Flexitherm Roll热辊Cut-off knife断纸刀paper guide roll导纸辊Spreader roll伸展辊steam box蒸汽箱Single drive 单点传动stationary beam 固定梁Polymer cover 聚合物包覆层web break detection 断纸监测Stand-by 备用flow switch 流量开关Sirius Reel卷取Reel drum 卷取缸transfer arm输送臂Center wind中心传动reel-spool卷纸轴Air squeezing unit挤气装置component 组件，部件，成分Lighting 照明Auxiliary Systems附属系统:grouting 灌浆gear unit齿轮单元platform 平台concrete 混凝土gate valve 门阀pressure gauge 压力表level control 液位控制ball valve 球阀thermometer 温度计separator汽水分离器vacuum pump真空泵filter过滤器sight-glass视镜corrugated hose波纹管flash steam闪蒸transmitter变送器secondary consumer次级消耗spindle轴，杆，心轴press pan压榨白水盘strainer滤网fresh steam新鲜蒸汽fresh water清水warm water暖水soft water软水cooling water冷却水steam distributor分气包process water工艺水spring-loaded弹簧加载的lubricant润滑油grease润滑脂pre-heater预加热器safety valve安全阀short cycle短循环flowrate流速piston活塞heat recovery热回收exhaust排湿duct风管ventilation通风vapour hood气罩dew point露点lift gate提升门sliding gate滑动门dryer fabric干毯swing door旋转门zero-line measurement零线测量galvanized steel渡钢fire fighting消防sprinkler喷淋alarm报警blowpipe吹风管axial fan轴流风机slide rail滑轨sound pressure level噪音等级radial fan 离心风机pressure difference压差basic engineering基本工程detailed engineering 详细工程humidity湿度service platform维护平台heat exchanger热交换器inlet 进口outlet出口wet end湿部cover包覆层traverse beam横梁tail cutter纸尾切割bow screen弧形筛About Systems In Papermaking有关造纸中的系统steam & condensate system蒸冷系统central lubrication system中心润滑系统machine related air system纸机通风系统tail threading system纸尾引纸系统vacuum system真空系统broke system损纸系统water system水系统web break analyze system断纸分析系统charge control电荷控制monitoring system监控系统DCS集散控制系统QCS纸量控制系统MCC电机中心控制MCS 纸机控制系统About Paper Quality关于纸张质量moisture profile水分分布formation成纸匀度caliper厚度roughness粗糙度roughness two-sidedness粗糙度两面差opacity 不透明度dryness干度retention留着率curling翘曲basis weight定量smoothness平滑度smoothness two-sidedness 平滑度两面差ash 灰分brightness 亮度whiteness 白度Different Paper Grades各种纸种newsprint paper 新闻纸carbon paper复写纸art paper 艺术纸bible paper 字典纸coating paper 涂布纸condenser paper 电容器用纸continuous paper 卷筒纸converted paper 加工纸roll paper 卷筒纸postcard paper 明信片纸copper plate paper 铜版纸corrugated paper 瓦楞纸duplicating paper 复写纸fluting paper 瓦楞纸graph paper 坐标纸napkin paper 餐巾纸negative paper 底片纸pigment paper 着色纸preservative paper 防腐纸water proof paper 防水纸paper board 板纸China paper宣纸kraft paper牛皮纸cigarette paper卷烟纸, 盘纸gummed paper胶纸writing paper写字纸Paper Defects纸病air bubble (水印辊构成的)气泡air knife mark 气刀痕alum speck(spot) (明)矾斑（点）bell 针眼，孔洞bristle mark 毛刷痕crack 裂缝cracked edge 裂边crackle 小裂缝crafter 气泡孔，针眼crater 孔洞crazing (涂布)起泡crease 皱折，折痕flaw 裂口；缺陷foxed spot 黄斑，黄色尘埃furrow 皱纹grease spot 油斑hungry 云彩花mottle 斑点，色调不均匀orange peel （涂布纸表面）条痕pucker 干燥不匀引起的纸褶子/皱纹，筋道ripple mark 皱纹痕rosin spot 松香斑rubber spots 橡胶点rope fold 摺线痕scab (压光)浆块斑点scoring 折曲，折叠，抓痕seeding 粒状色斑shadow mark(真空压榨吸水欠均匀的)湿痕shangles 胶料亮斑shine (spots) （填料）透明点shrivel 皱纹、褶子snailing 条痕snowstorm 云彩花sparkling 发光，透明点，玻璃花speck 小斑点speckiness 尘埃度spit mark 条痕wash board marks(厚度不均导致)波状表面water drills 细条痕water streaks 水痕welt 烂边worming 条痕wove 织法，网印wrinkle 褶子wrinkling 起皱，打折Some Frequently Used Terms in Paper Making 常用造纸词汇absolute dry 绝干acceptable fiber合格纤维acid rosin size 酸性松香胶activated carbon 活性炭active alkali 活性碱active chemical to wood ratio 碱比active chlorine有效氯adjustable bow curved roll可调弧形辊affinity 亲和性after sizing 后施胶air blade 气刀air loaded headbox气垫式压力流浆箱air permeability 透气度anti-foaming agent消泡剂apparent density表观密度apron board 下唇板，裙板aquapulper水力碎浆机arc foil弧形案板，弧形脱水板attenuation衰减作用babbit(metal)巴氏合金back liner纸板芯层bleeder排气阀，排气支管baffle挡板baffler消音器bearing 轴承bearing housing 轴承座belt conveyer带式输送机bleach yield漂白得率blow valve喷放阀bogus仿造纸bone dry weight绝干重量cemented steel渗碳钢broke 损纸bulk 松厚（度）bunch tube flowbox 束管式流浆箱cambered roll 中高辊capillarity 毛细作用check valve单向阀centrifugation 离心作用characteristic curve特性曲线chromometer比色计chute斜槽，溜槽clamp夹，夹板，钳closed air-cushioned headbox封闭式气垫流浆箱clutch离合器coated both sides 双面涂布coater涂布机coil蛇（形）管，盘纸color applicator 着色辊combined press复合压榨concentration 浓度，浓缩consistency 浓度condensate 冷凝水console控制台cooling cylinder冷缸crane行车creeping speed 爬行速度crown controlled roll可控中高辊crush压溃curl翘曲cutter 切料机，切纸机damping roll润湿辊dandy水印辊，罗纹辊deckle定边/定幅装置density密度diaphanometer不透明度测定仪drop leg大气水腿elastic modulus弹性模量embedded plate预埋件evener roll匀浆辊fast growing wood速生木材feather edge毛边feedback反馈feedforward前馈fiberglass 玻璃纤维flexing挠曲flooding pipe溢流管fines细小纤维fork-lift truck叉车four-way valve 四通阀fourdrinier 长网纸机Fourdristairformer 阶梯式长网成型器frame crane龙门吊车，桥式起重机fully wormed roll展毯辊，舒展辊gravure coating凹面涂布hardness硬度head压头Hi-I press高强压榨horsepower马力hydrofoil脱水板，案板hydrophilic亲水的hydrophobic疏水的impeller推进器，叶轮impingement冲击，撞击imporosity不透气性inclined wire machine斜网纸机infra-air drying红外热风干燥infra-ray dryer红外干燥器injection喷射inspection window窥孔internal sizing内施胶Jack千斤顶jointing surface结合面积journal轴颈layout平面布置leading roll导辊leakage泄漏linear pressure线压lock screw锁紧螺丝lubrication润滑lying press正压榨main steam valve主气阀maintenance维修make-up补充manhole人孔marking roll水印辊maximum deckle最大有效网宽mean activ ity平均活度turbulence湍流mist水雾moveable wire frame移动式网案multi-cylinder machine多圆网造纸机multi-foil脱水板组，案板组multi-fourdrinier machine多长网造纸机“naked” dryer裸烘缸Nash pump纳氏泵，水环式真空泵News(paper)machine新闻纸机nip压区Off grade等外off-machine coating机外涂布Off-machine sizing机外施胶offset胶版印刷纸On-machine coating机上涂布one pass retention单程留着率Orientation取向oscillation 摆动，振动Perforator 匀浆辊PH value PH值Photometer光度计pile堆，垛Pinhole砂眼，针孔pipe bender弯管器Plastic deformation塑性变形plug转子，堵塞Pneumatic气压的reel cylinder卷纸缸Pulper碎浆机pump泵Plunger活塞，柱塞roll clamp辊夹Riveted joint铆缝runnability运行性能Rotor转子saturate饱和Scanning扫描scraper刮板Service shop机修车间sewer下水道Sewer valve排污阀shaft-less winder无轴式复卷机Shear切变，剪切sheave滑轮，皮带轮Shrink收缩shut down停车Silencer消声器sliding bearing滑动轴承Slusher碎浆机sole plate基础板Spanner扳手splash board挡板Spreader roll展毯辊spring roll弹簧辊Return roll回头辊squeeze roll挤水辊Stainless steel不锈钢sucker吸管Suction抽吸（作用）sudarpress双辊挤压机Supercalender超级压光机supporting roll支撑辊Sweat cylinder冷缸table roll案辊Tension roll张力辊，松紧辊throttle节流Throttle valve节流阀，减压阀tight roll张紧辊Transformer变压器tube roll案辊Turbo-flow (nozzle) headbox湍流（喷嘴式）流浆箱Washer垫片 wearability耐磨性Weave编织web break断纸Wet press湿压榨white water白水Vacufoil真空脱水板，真空案板uniformity均匀度Universal valve万向阀upward flow tower升流塔Vent通风口，排气口venta-nip press沟纹压榨Venturi tube文丘里管viscometer粘度计Warehouse仓库yellowing返黄Yield point屈服点yield value塑变值，起始值Young’s modulus 杨式模量turning roll转向辊Words About Process DIP脱墨车间Process machine工艺设备screen perforation筛孔Inlet 进口outlet出口casing 外壳accept良浆reject尾渣Rotor bearing转子轴承shaft 轴rolling bearing 滚柱轴承supply line 供浆线Sealing密封double-acting mechanical seal双作用机械密封step motor 步进电机Screen basket筛筐threaded rod螺纹杆fastening element固定元件Chemical mortar 化学胶泥slid rail滑轨pulley轮taper lock 锥形锁screen lift-out device筛提取装置dismounting device拆卸装置limited switch限位开关counter flange 配对法兰hose pipe软管Control instrument控制仪表feed pump进浆泵open impeller开式叶轮Lower casing下壳体upper casing上壳体Discharge chute卸料槽connecting branch连接接头scraper旋翼Orifice孔板motor cradle电机座Pressure gauge压力表screen plate筛板dirt media脏介质vortex impeller涡式叶轮Two channel impeller双槽推进器cleaner除渣器differential pressure压差flushing冲洗Filling磨片wear-resistant耐磨loose flange松套法兰Shut-off valve 截止阀hose socket管接头acid resisting 耐酸sight glass视镜Junk trap集渣器rectangular cross section矩形截面jam堵塞cast iron铸铁Pressure manometer压力计vibration damper减振板slot screen精筛Stuffing box packing盘跟盒shaft protection sleeve 轴套integrated supply line集成进浆管ball valve球阀pressure drop 压差recirculation piping循环管Continuous reject discharge连续排渣inside smooth contour内表面光滑reject chamber尾渣室Hose clamp管夹bind plug盲塞foam breakdown消泡weir edge cleaning堰板清洗Retention time滞留时间overflow rate溢流率foam collecting pan 泡沫收集盘diffuser aeration unit雾化器in series 串级hinged cover铰链盖板inspection hatch检视开口Soleplate基础板level transmitter液位传感器Weld焊接on site 现场surface finishing表面处理supervise检查welding machine电焊机surface cleaning agent表面清洗剂outline drawing 外型图similar plant近似工厂embedded plate预埋板Grouting灌浆liner内衬sampling cock取样阀railing扶手grate门Erection安装fine screening精筛foundation block基础模块air content空气含量Vacuum pump真空泵disc filter 多元盘Dewatering脱水thickening浓缩Recommendation建议furnish配比cloudy filtrate浊滤液clear filtrate清滤液super-clear filtrate超清滤液layout drawing平面布置图foundation drawing 基础图oscillation shower摆动喷淋Barometric drop leg真空水腿knock off 剥浆routine maintaince常规维护vat底槽Support wheel支撑轮liquorice甘草zero speed switch零速开关geared motor齿轮电极Main assembly drawing主装配图carry out执行painted mild steel喷涂碳钢Direction方向Expose接触，暴露water separator气水分离器Flow indication流量计vacuum relief valve 真空释放阀remote controlled on\off valve Double acting pneumatic actuator远程控制开关阀双作用气动执行器rib-armed加强筋Static flow splitter静态分流器screw press螺旋压榨Built-in内嵌式Radial roller bearing径向滚柱轴承trough槽Pitch齿progressive渐进式Compression zone压榨区drill钻孔Seam缝hexagon screw六角螺栓Hollow screw中空轴reverse反转Forward正转rotator supervision转速监测Manufacturing drawing制造图homogenize均匀Spherical roller bearing球面滚柱轴承product-touching part与产物接触部分Mordant防腐passivite钝化Clearance空隙saturated steam饱和蒸汽Steam control valve蒸汽控制阀clockwise顺时针batch分批terminal box端子盒Counter clockwise逆时针taper roller bearing锥形滚柱轴承Forced oil lubrication压力油润滑varnish抛光Monorail单轨葫芦scoop勺Malfunction detector故障检测heat exchanger热交换器Bleach tower漂白塔spreader布浆器Steam heating connection蒸汽加热接头brightness transmitter白度传感器Sampling valve取样阀calibration校正suspended solid悬浮屋direct expansion system直接扩张系统Electrical rotary joint电旋转接头rubber coated外包橡胶T angential distribution system切线分配系统regulation调整UDS多功能溶气系统non-return valve止回阀Certification认证manhole人孔Structural steel结构钢strainer过滤器Precise精确water box水封池Mill and instrument air工厂和仪表用气numbering编号Designation名称scale比例Update更新cable route电缆走向Air conduct通风ventilation通风Sound emission消音sub-system子系统Bone dry stock绝干浆critical big motor大电机Staring torque curve启动曲线inquiry询价Quotation报价space reservation预留空间Review检查hard copy硬拷贝Print out印刷品cable tray电缆桥架Error错误omission遗漏Installation安装operation操作Maintenance维护relevant data相关数据Stock preparation备浆submit提交Stir搅拌fluctuation变动Binary input数字输入analogue input模拟输入As rebuilt竣工head line标题Guideline方针spring-return弹回Calibration校验in advance提前Proximity switch接近开关accessory附属walky talkies对讲机furniture配比Column柱beam梁Words about waste paper 废纸ONP 旧新闻纸MOW 混合办公废纸OMG旧杂志纸OCC 旧箱板纸Words About Machine设备flotation cells 浮选槽screen筛Cleaner除渣器HC cleaners 高浓除渣器bleaching tower漂白塔disc filter多元盘Disperger热分散heating screw加热螺旋bleaching stand pipe漂白立管DAF微气浮conveyor链板FFD转鼓pulper碎浆机agitator搅拌器Words about chemical化学品Hydrogen peroxide 双氧水sodium hydroxide 烧碱Sodium silicate 硅酸钠EDTA EDTASoap 皂化钠hydrosulfite （dithionit）连二亚硫酸盐Sulphuric acid 硫酸flocculant 絮凝剂Coagulant 凝结剂alkaline 碱Filler 填料cationic starch 阳离子淀粉Retention acid (PAM\PEI) 助留剂PAC 聚合氯化铝Dyes 染料wet strength agent 湿强剂OBA 荧光增白剂defoamer 消泡剂Biocide 杀菌剂fixating agent 固着剂Felt cleaning agent 毛布清洗剂Vibration screen 振动筛draining pump 卸料泵Dispercel 热分散hopper 料斗Dedusting filter 除尘过滤器bag filter 袋式过滤器storage tank储备罐day tank日用罐dosing pump 剂量泵static mixer 静态搅拌器feeding screw 喂料螺旋wetting device 加湿元件mixing pump 混合泵dissolution tank 溶解槽cartridge filter筒式过滤器centrifugal pump 离心泵Tools工具Carpenter’S Tools 木工工具toolbox 工具箱bench工作台vice, clamp 虎钳saw锯bow saw 弓锯circular saw(buzz saw)圆锯compass saw, scroll saw钢丝锯fretsaw细锯handsaw手锯chisel凿cold chisel, burin冰凿gouge, firmer gouge半圆凿plane刨子moldings plane型刨jack plane粗刨rabbet plane槽刨drawknife刮刀scraper三角刮刀rasp粗锉file锉square尺scriber近线尺set square, triangle三角板brace手拉曲柄锉hand drill手钻drill, bit有柄钻gimlet, auger无柄钻countersink锥口钻gauge, marking gauge量规hammer锤子nail钉子screw driver螺丝刀screw tap 螺丝攻nail puller拔钉器tape measure卷尺folding ruler折尺sandpaper, emery paper砂纸mallet木槌tack, stud 圆头钉screw螺丝钉ruler尺brad平头钉mechanic’s tools 机械工具spanner, wrench扳手double-ended spanner双头扳手adjustable wrench活扳手box spanner, socket wrench管钳子caliper卡规pincers, tongs 夹钳shear剪wire cutters剪线钳multipurpose pliers, universal pliers万能手钳adjustable pliers可调手钳punch冲子drill 钻chuck卡盘scraper三角刮刀reamer扩孔钻caliper gauge孔径规Hacksaw钢锯rivet铆钉Nut螺母locknut自锁螺母Bolt螺栓pin, peg, dowel销钉Washer垫片stapleU形钉grease gun注油枪oil can油壶jack工作服Gardening Tools园艺工具Spade锄fork 叉Shovel铲rake粑Roller滚压器dibble掘穴机Wheelbarrow独轮车，小车watering can喷壶Hosepipe橡胶软管lawnmower剪草机pruning shears园艺剪刀pruning knife修枝刀trowel镰刀weeding hoe镘seed drill条播机Decorator’S Tools装饰用工具Stepladder高登，折梯trestle支架Trowel灰泥幔子float抹子Spatula刮铲brush刷子Paintbrush画刷roller滚子Scissors剪刀Other Tools其它工具Penknife铅笔刀glass cutter玻璃刀plumb line铅垂线spirit level水平仪pickaxe鹤嘴锄the axe斧子sledgehammer长柄大锤bushhammer石工锤rammer撞针anvil砧子bellows 弹簧awl锤子beam compass, trammel长圆规lever杠杆tyre lever轮胎撬杠crank柄soldering irom 焊铁，烙铁blowlamp吹嘴Die 冲模diestock螺丝攻machine tools 工作母机lathe车床turret lathe六角车床milling cutter铣刀milling machine铣床electric drill, power drill电钻grinder, crusher粉碎机riveter打铆机rolling machine轧扳机press 压床air hammer, pneumatic hammer气锤pile hammer打桩机inside caliper 内径测量器outside caliper 外卡规micrometer caliper螺旋测微仪slide caliper 游标卡尺Common Used Word常用词汇back bearing后轴承back-up bearing支撑轴承ball bearing滚珠轴承bearing box轴承箱bearing clearance轴承间隙bearing collar轴承环bearing linear轴承里衬bearing pad轴承垫plain bearing滑动/普通轴承roller bearing 滚柱轴承flange bearing 法兰轴承split bearing 对开轴承spherical plain bearing鼓形滑动轴承deep groove ball bearing深沟球轴承female screw内螺纹flat head screw平头螺钉foot screw地脚螺钉square screw方头螺钉plain screw普通螺钉screw auger麻花钻screw shell螺旋套筒earth boring auger地钻expending auger扩孔钻driven shaft从动轴driving shaft主动轴crank shaft曲柄轴differential shaft差动轴rivet铆钉spray pistol喷雾抢break lever刹车杆clutch lever离合器操纵杆hand lever手柄lever rule杠杆定理balanced valve平衡阀check, no-return, one-wayvalve单向阀，止回阀directional valve定向阀cut-off valve关闭阀discharge valve排气阀gas valve气阀gate valve闸阀head valve头阀inlet valve进给阀light valve光阀magnetic valve磁阀mixing valve混合阀power valve增力阀release valve放泄阀relief valve安全阀rotating valve回转阀slide valve滑阀throttle valve节流阀valve bush阀套Winder 复卷机Unwind Section 退纸部transfer rail 传输轨道parent reel 母辊rotation device 转动装置tail preparing 纸尾准备opticart 运纸小车Slitting Section 纵切部web tension 纸页张力guide roll 导辊slitter 切刀top slitter 顶刀bottom slitter 底刀slitter positioning 切刀定位web separation device 纸页舒展装置tail threading device 引纸装置Wind-Up Section 复卷部winding drum 底辊rear drum 后底辊belt bed 皮带床set change 换套nip guard 压区护栏core feeding equipment 纸芯喂入装置core gluing device 纸芯喷胶装置core locks 顶针rider roll 压纸辊core elevating system 纸芯提升系统separate cradle 卸纸台end gluing device 纸尾喷胶装置roll ejector踢辊器core loader 纸芯加载装置cut-off knife断纸刀Roll Wrapping And Conveying Systemwrapping machine 包装机identification 识别measuring测量centering对中index conveyor步进输送带wrapping包装crimping打折inner head application分放内封头outer head application外封头分放header press加压label application 贴标签segmented plate stops分段挡纸块retractable plate stops伸缩挡纸器kiker踢纸器cradle stops 摇盘停止器cushion stops气垫停止器lowering upender 升降立纸器v-slat conveyor v形板式输送带flat top slat conveyorrail轨道guards 护栏fence栅栏plate cover盖板conveyor bridge 输送带支座foundation基础foundation inserts基础插入件net scale称inner marking内标记waiting station等待站wrapping station包装站intermediate station中间站header press station封头加压站wrapper feeding包装纸喂入wrapper gluing包装纸喷胶wrapper cutting切断包装纸wrapper crimping包装纸打折wrapper back stands包装纸退纸站header plate压盘end label application端面贴标签body label application辊体贴标签material management 材料管理alarm报警diagnostic诊断statistics统计barcode printing打印条形码Motor Control Center(MCC)电机控制中心frequency converter变频器Auxiliary Word。
造纸专业英语
paper：纸tissue: 薄叶纸sheet: 纸页paper web: 纸幅untrimmed width: 抄宽，毛纸宽lfu machine width: 机宽paperboard ;cardboard; board: 纸板pulp; stock; stuff: 浆，浆料pulp preparing: 备浆perfect pulp:符合规定配比的纸浆chemical pulp:化学浆groundwood:磨木浆chest:浆池(stock) tank; trough;:（浆）池，槽vat:槽，浆槽sump; storage:贮（油、液）槽，集（油）池clogging堵塞，堵浆coarse screenings; ejects:浆渣reject; rejects; rejected stock; rejections;ejects:筛渣，浆渣junk:垃圾，废料tailings:尾浆，浆渣junk box (trap; collector):废料槽，废料箱，废料收集器pulper:碎浆机，水力碎浆机wind; winding:卷纸winder; rewinder:卷纸机，复卷机unwind; unreeling:退纸unwinder; unreeling stand; unwinding stand:退纸架unwind roll:退纸的纸辊untroll:纸卷退纸natural browns:本色牛皮纸浆paperboard grade(stock):纸板用纸浆fluting paper;corrugatedpaper:瓦楞纸papermaking:抄纸。
造纸pulp and papertechnology:制浆造纸工艺AOCC:美国旧瓦楞纸，美国进口废纸（American oldcorrugated case）A flute：A级瓦楞纸波形数（每30厘米36±3个）B flute：B级瓦楞纸波形数（每30厘米51±3个）C flute：C级瓦楞纸波形数（每30厘米42±3个）abietene acid:松香酸absolute dry; bonedry(B.D.; b.d.); ovendry(O.D.; o.d.):绝对干度（绝干）air dry(A.D.; a.d.):风干（含水20%）sheave; pulley:皮带轮，滑轮stepless control:无级控制，连续控制smoothness:平滑度shower:喷水，喷水管（器）screen; sieve:筛子size; sizing:胶料，涂胶，施胶size resistance; sizingdegree: 施胶度light (soft; slack) sized:轻度施胶sleeve, socket:套管，套slide (sliding) valve:滑阀span:跨距spare parts:备件critial part:主要部件，要害部件spray cutter; squirt cut;tail cutter水针:trim shower; trim squirt:水针nozzle cutter:切边水针stainless steel:不锈钢mail steel:低碳钢normally-closed:常（原）位闭合的，常闭的starch:淀粉bus:（电器）总线terminal:端子，端部，接头，线端stretcher:张紧辊stretch:伸长（率）suction:吸水suction baby press:真空预压榨suction breast roll:真空胸辊suction couch (roll);vacuum couch:真空伏辊supervisor:管理人，主管table:表，网案table roll:案辊tearing (breaking)strength:撕裂度tensile properties;tensile breaking strength:抗张强度tension:张力torque; moment:扭力矩，转力矩moment of interia:惯性矩，转动惯量fork-lift; forklift truck:叉车，铲车trouble shooting:排除故障defect; trouble;malfunction:故障tangential:切线的，切向的V-belt:V形皮带，三角皮带conical; taper:锥形的ventilation:通风upright; vertical:立式的nominal:额定的，公称的，标称的rated:额定的optimum:最优化的，最佳的padding:衬垫paper carrying roll: 引纸辊paper spring roll:导纸弹簧辊paper core:纸芯管paper roll:卷筒纸pin adhesion:（瓦楞纸板）面层与芯层的粘合强度pneumatic:气动的hydraulic:液压的ventilation:通风press felt conditioner:压榨毛毯洗涤器press part (section):压榨部preparation of stock:备浆，浆料处理pressure differential:压差pressure drop; reliefpressure: 压降pressure loss:压损procedure:过程，工艺过造纸专业英文词汇程，方法，程序，步骤process:过程，方法profile:外形，轮廓，全幅profile caliper (thickness):全幅横向厚度reel:纸轴，纸卷，卷筒纸，卷纸refine:精磨，精制，磨浆regulate; adjust:调节right (left) hand machine:右（左）手机ring crush compression resistance:环压强度ring stiffness:环压挺度rotor:转子rotor blade(vane):转子叶片stator:定子，底刀ripper:纵切机slitter:纵切机，纵切刀roll set:卷筒纸边缘卷曲rubber covered roll:包胶辊rubber-lined, rubber lining:橡胶衬里的separator:捕沙器，捕沙沟saveall:白水回收器，白水回收装置saveall box (pan, tray):白水槽（盘）shavings, trimmings:纸边strip:窄条，吹提，解吸strip：纸条forming drum, forming roll:成形辊forming section, forming sector:成形区，成形部forming shoe:弧面成形板forming table, fourdrinier table:网案fourdrinier:长网造纸机fourdrinier part;fourdrinier section; wiresection:网部fourdrinier wet end:湿部fractionator:筛分仪fractionation:分级，筛分tertiary(screen):三级（筛）free run:空运转run-in, test run:对…试车，试运转free water:游离水fresh water;清水glazing; gloss:光泽的，光泽grooved roll:沟纹辊hatch:人孔，升降孔head tank:高位槽housing:罩，套impact tester:冲击强度测定仪in-line basis weightcontroller:机上定量控制装置in-line moisturecontroller:机上水份含量控制装置ink absorbency:吸墨性能kraft:牛皮纸，硫酸盐浆，牛皮浆bleach:漂白unbleached pulp(stock):未漂浆laminater, laminator:层压机leading roll:导纸辊leading strips, leadingthrough tape:领纸纸条lick up, licking, pick up:引纸lick-up felt:引纸毛毯pick up felt:引纸毛布jack:千斤顶lifting device: 提升装置long direction;longitudinal; machinedirection:纵向（的）cross direction:横向cross-machine:纸机横向lowering device;lowerator:（卷筒纸）降落装置lubrication:润滑machine pit; wire pit:（纸机）白水坑manostat:恒压器，稳压器mesh:网目monitor:监测器，班组长nip:压区nip roll:光泽辊felt stretcher:毛毯张紧器，毛毯张紧辊fiber furnish; paperformulation:纤维配比，配浆比率proportioner;proportioning box:配浆箱pulp content:纸浆配比，纸浆含量furnish:配料fiber pick:纤维起毛pick：粘辊，掉毛，掉粉pick felt:引纸毛毯pick roll:引纸辊picker roll:疏散辊filler:填料filler retention:填料留着率finished roll：成品纸卷finished weight:净重，纸卷重量finishing:整饰，完成fitter:装配工flow approach:流浆系统，浆料流送系统flow box:流浆箱flow chart; flowdiagram; flow sheet:流程图flow control:流量控制flow distributer, flowevener:整流器，匀浆辊，匀浆器flow meter:流量计hygrometer:湿度计kinemometer:流速计manometer:（液体）压力计pressure gauge, pressuremeter:压力表micrometer：厚度计，测微计pathmeter:测厚计viscometer;viscosimeter:粘度计flow onto wire:浆料上网flow sensor:流量传感器flow indicator:流量计flying splice:纸幅机上连续粘接flying paster:纸幅自动接头fold:折叠folding endurance;folding strength:耐折度folding resistance:耐折性能anchor screw; foodscrew:地脚螺丝lock screw:锁紧螺丝eye screw:环首螺丝allen screw:六角螺丝set screw:固定螺丝pivot-point:支点，中心点form, forming:（纸页）成形forming box:成形箱suction box：吸水箱guide roll:校正辊，导辊dandy roll:水印辊dead knife:固定刀decker:浓缩机deckle:定边装置，定幅装置feather edge:毛边feather edge deckle:定边带intermittently:间歇期defiber ; defibrize ; defibering; defibrartion:纤维分离deflake:碎解，分层（片），剥片knead:揉搓flank;侧面，后面defoam:消泡dehydrate; dewater:脱水diaphanometer:不透明度测量仪cooking; digesting:蒸煮distributor roll:（涂料）分配辊evener plate:匀浆板evener (roll):匀浆辊perforation:筛孔perforation plate; perforated plate:匀浆辊perforator:匀浆辊holey roll; holy roll:整流辊，匀浆辊draping:换网driven roll:从动辊driven shaft:从动轴dry line:水线dry end; drying section; dryer part:干燥部dumping valve; emptying valve:放料阀eject valve:排渣阀entering reel:待裁切纸卷，待退纸卷enriched water:浓白水fab-foil:曲面案板，弧面脱水板foil:案板，耐磨板face wire; facing wire:外网，面网inner wire:里网，衬网fast beating:游离状打浆slow beating, wetbeating:粘状打浆feed; feeding:喂料，喂浆feeder:喂料器feedback:反馈feedforward:前馈felt:毛毯，毛布felt side:毛毯面，正面check plate:挡板check valve, clack valve,non-return valve:单向阀，止逆阀chuck:夹盘，夹头chute:斜槽，送料槽clear cutting:净切边clearance:刀距，间隙(paper machine)clothing :造纸机贵重器材（指毛毯、铜网，塑料网）clutch:离合器coupling:离合器，联结器，轴接，偶联coarse screen:粗筛fine screen:细筛，精筛flat screen; jog screen:平筛，平板筛浆机vibrancy screen:振动筛，跳筛slot/hole:筛缝/筛孔coarse screenings; ejects:浆渣coffer dam:白水沟堰板conditioner:毛毯洗涤器，调节器conditioning:调整处理，调湿consistency transmitter:浓度传感器contact angle test:（施胶度）接触角测定法cooling cylinder;cooling drum:冷缸washer, spacer; gasket ;insert ; shim:垫片，垫圈flinger:抛油环（圈）spacing:间隙，空隙core:纸芯core chucks:纸芯顶针corrugated roll:沟纹辊corrugating:起瓦楞corrugator:瓦楞成形器corrugator roll:瓦楞辊couch:伏辊，堰伏couch break:伏辊断头couch felt; couch jacket;couch roll jacket:伏辊毯（套）couch pit:伏辊坑pit:坑，池，纹孔couch press; couch roll:伏辊couch squirt:伏辊水针couch vacuum transfer:伏辊真空引纸装置coucher:伏辊，伏辊工cutter:切纸机cylinder:缸圆网dry cylinder:烘缸dampening roll;damping roll:润湿辊dancer (roll):压纸辊dancing roll:导纸辊threading:领纸，引纸bowl:纸粕辊（超级压光机）break:断纸，断头break resistance:抗断裂性能breaking length:裂断长breast board:胸板breast box:网前箱breast roll;胸辊brightness:亮度broke:损纸waste:废（纸），废（水）brooming:帚化bulge resistance:（纸板）抗破裂强度bulk:松厚（度）bunch tube flowbox:束管式流浆箱converflo headbox:层流式流浆箱burst:破裂（度），耐破度burst tester; burstingtester:耐破度测定仪cady test:耐破度测定calender:压光机calender (water) box:压光机水闸calender bowl：压光辊calender section: 压光部calender train: 压光机组calender stack: 压光辊组caliper; chickness:厚度caliper:游标卡尺caliper rule:卡尺cambered roll; crownedroll:中高辊crown controlled roll:可控中高辊capital repair:大修overhaul and repair:大修与小修maintenance:维护，维修downtime:（工厂、机器等由于维护或待料等的）停工期fillet:纸幅接头，接头，镶边carrier drum：复卷机底辊，支撑辊carrier roll:导网辊coating:涂布coater:涂布机coatings:涂料centriclone; centrifugalcleaner; centricleaner ;cyclean :锥形除渣器centriffler:两段除渣器centrifiner:立式除渣器centri-sorter:旋翼筛chain conveyer:链式输送机，链板机check:检查，核对check damper:风挡weak white liquor:稀白液strong(thickened) white water:浓白水baffle:挡板，挡水板，挡浆板bale opener:拆包机beater:打浆机beating degree:打浆度Canadian freeness standard (CFS , cfs ):加拿大标准游离度Canadian standard freeness tester: 加拿大标准游离度测定仪basis weight, grammage :定量，克重(specific) gravity:比重bend strength:弯曲强度bending chip:耐折叠纸板bending fatigue tester:弯曲疲劳性能测定仪bending stiffness:弯曲挺度bevel gear:斜齿轮。
制浆造纸部分名词解释
制浆造纸部分名词解释1、纸浆：经过制备的可供进一步加工的纤维物料（一般指来源于天然的植物）。
2、纸浆分类：按浆的原料来源可分为木浆、非木浆和废纸浆；按生产工艺，纸浆可分为化学浆、机械浆和化学机械浆等。
3、木浆：指以针叶木或阔叶木为原料，以化学的或机械的或两者兼有的方法所制得的纸浆。
包括化学木浆、机械木浆和化学机械木浆等。
4、非木浆：指以禾本科茎杆纤维类（稻草、麦草、芦苇、甘蔗渣、竹子等）、韧皮纤维类（麻类和棉干皮、桑皮、构皮等皮层纤维类）、叶部纤维类（龙须草、剑麻等）和种毛纤维类（棉纤维）为原料，以化学的或机械的或两者兼有的方法所制得的纸浆。
包括化学非木浆、化学机械非木浆等。
5、废纸浆：指以回收的废纸及废纸板为原料制得的纸浆。
6、化学浆：用化学方法处理植物纤维原料，从植物纤维原料中除去相当大一部分非纤维素成分而制得的纸浆，不需要为了达到纤维分离而进行随后的机械处理。
7、机械浆：完全用机械的方法从不同的植物纤维原料（主要为木材原料）制得的供制造纸及纸板用的纸浆。
如压力磨石磨木浆（PGW），木片热磨机械浆（TMP），爆破法纸浆。
8、化学机械浆：采用化学预处理结合机械的方法，从不同的植物纤维原料（主要为木材原料）制得的供制造纸及纸板用的纸浆。
如化学机械浆（CMP）、化学预处理木片磨木浆（CTMP）、漂白化学热磨机械浆（BCTMP）、碱性过氧化物机械浆（APMP）。
9、商品纸浆：指在商品市场上经销出售的纸浆（一般加工成纸浆板），不包括企业自用的纸浆。
10、无元素氯漂白（简称ECF漂白）是指以二氧化氯替代元素氯作为漂白剂的漂白技术。
11、全无氯漂白（简称TCF漂白）是指整个漂白过程不采用任何含氯化合物的漂白技术，漂白剂主要是过氧化氢及臭氧等。
12、国内废纸回收率：是指用于制浆造纸工业的国内废纸回收量与纸及纸板消费量的百分比。
13、国内废纸利用率：是指用于制浆造纸工业的国内废纸回收量与纸及纸板生产量的百分比。
制浆造纸专业词汇中英文对照表
制浆造纸专业词汇中英文对照表●Acceleration加速度●Accepted stock良浆●Acid-resistant lining防酸衬里●Actuating开动●Actuator●Actuator执行器●Additive添加剂●Adhesive tape胶布●Adhesive黏合剂Adjust plate调节块●Adjust plate调节块●Adjuster调节器●Adjustinant screw调平螺栓Adjusting plain调平垫片●Adjustment 调整Agitators and unit price搅拌器及分项价格清单●Agitator搅拌机●Agitator推进器●Agitator推进器●Air bells loaded headbox气垫式压力流浆箱●Air compression room空压机房Air exchangerAir exhauster排风机Air feeder 送风机Air filtration paperAir float table汽托堆纸台Air float气垫●Air permeability●air pressure gauge气压表●Air purge●Air purge清洁Air regulator 空气调节器●Air resistence透气阻力Air spring气垫●Air tube气源管●Air turn空气转向器●Air-knife coater 气刀涂布机●Air-tight test●Airtight密封的●Alarm point报警限位Alignment angle●Alignment调整，校直，对准●Alloy羊角滑钩●Alum 硫酸铝●American old corrugated container（AOCC）美国废旧瓦楞纸箱●amplifier card放大器电路插板●Anchor block地块，地脚蜡台●Anchor bolts地脚螺栓●Anionic trash catcher (ATC)阴离子垃圾捕捉剂●Anti jamming system防堵筛装置●Anti-corrosive agent防锈剂●Antistatic bars抗静电装置●Anti-tarnish paper防锈纸●Anti-wear抗磨的●Anto centralism device●Appendix two附件二●Applicator roll涂布辊●Approach system流送系统●Assist 辅助Assy frame 机架装配●Attenuate tank缓冲罐●Attenuator tank缓冲罐●Auto centralism device自动对中装置●Automatic pallet exit自动垛纸装置●Automatic pallet exit自动垛纸装置Automatic pick-up自动递纸装置，引纸Automatic work●Automation 自动化Auxiliary absorber辅助吸收器●Auxiliary辅助的●Axial fan轴流通风机●Back and forth来回，前后●Back-flushing反冲●Backing roll背辊●Ball valve●Ball valve球阀Base paper原纸●Base plateBase sheet原纸●Basement●Basis weight 定量●Basis weight基本重量●Batch 间歇法●Bearing housing齿轮箱●Bearing to be connected to the circulation lubericant轴承稀循环油润滑●Beating打浆●Bellows●Belt change equipment●Belt靴套●Bent-blade designs弯刀型设计●Bimetallic strip双金属片●Binder胶黏剂●Black liquor黑液●Blade coater 刮刀涂布机●Blades刀片●Blanket毡●Blind-drilled receptor roll盲孔纳水辊●Blow box真空箱●Blow pipe喷放管●Blower valve鼓风机阀●Blower风机●Board machine●BOM料单●Bone dry weight绝干量●Bore diameter of outer ring 外环孔径，外环内径Bottom roll 底辊●Bound water zone结合水区●Boundary layer●Boundary layer 底层●Boundary layer边界●Bound范围●Bow screen弧形筛●Bowl盘●Boxboard cutting箱纸板裁片●Box-liner paper纸盒衬里箱●Bracket●BracketBracket●Brake control刹车控制●Break-back roll●Bridge model架桥模型●Brightening增白Brightness白度，亮度Brilliance明亮度●Buffer tank缓冲槽●Burst耐破度●Cabinet 开关柜●Cabinet、cubicle开关柜●Cabinet室，盒，机壳●Calendar●Calendar rollCalendar roll压光辊●cantilever screw●cantilever切口，缺口，悬臂梁●Capacity●Carriage换辊小车●Casing 框，壳，包●Cast浇注，铸造Cationic demand（CD）阳离子需求●Caution小心●CD Labyrinth seal●Cell小室●Centre line中心线●Centrifugal forces离心力Centrifugal pump离心泵●ceramics陶瓷●Change of deckle更换定边带●Cheek脸Chemical additives化学助剂●Chill water tank冷冻水缓冲槽●Chopper fan 纸边风机●Chopper-fan纸边风机Clamp bar●Clamp bar版夹●Clamper减震器●Clamping bar夹杆●Clamp夹紧，固定●Cleaner●Cleaning agent清洁剂●Cleanliness class洁净等级●Cleanliness factors干净度●Cleanliness level●clearance gauge测隙规●Clearance间隙●Clearance间隙●Clearance净空，许可证，清理●Clearing water hydrants消防栓●Cloudy water浓白水●Clump浆块●Cluster setting分组装置●Clutch离合器●Coagulant凝合剂Coagulate凝结Coagulating agent凝结剂Coagulation凝结●Coanda effect附壁效应●Coated wttl白纸板●Coater●Coater and dryer=coadry●coil蛇管●Collector pipe集水管，集汽管●Column立柱●Column立柱●Compatibility兼容性●Compatible相容的●Compensated flow control valve带压力补偿的流量控制阀，调速阀●Compensated relief valve平衡溢流阀●Compensated roll调节辊，补偿辊Complement辅助●Conception思想，观念●Concrete●Condensate●Confidential机密的Conic section 锥部●Conic spring washer弹簧垫片●Connecting rodConneting block●Consignee●Consistency上浆浓度●Construction建设●Continuous running-in综合连续试运转●Control valve控制阀●Conversion table●Conveyor输送机●Conveyor输送机●Cooling water冷却水Copperplate base paper铜板原纸Copperplate paper铜版纸●Cord packing●Cord packing盘根●Core pusher推纸衬●Core slitter切纸芯装置●Corner roll角辊●Corresponding通讯，对应●Corrosion腐蚀●Corrosion侵蚀Coupling guards靠背轮罩●Coupling靠背轮Cradle木框●Crane●Crane equipment电动双梁桥式起重机CR-cover，negative crown覆面负中高辊●Cross beamCross direction●Cross going beam定距梁●Cross section横截面●Cross walkways横幅走台●Crow bar撬杠Cubicle开关柜●Cut-off blow●Cut-off blow●Cutting group横切单元●Cutting unit横切装置●Cyclone除尘器，离心机，分尘机●Cylinder●Cylinder thickener圆网浓缩机●Datum line基准线●Decenter沉降器●Defiberer●Defiberer疏解机●Deflection compensated rollDefoamer消泡剂●Delivery scope供货范围Detach from拆卸●Detachment●Dew point●Dewatering element change equipmentDewatering element change equipment换箱装置●Dewatering elements, alignment●Dial micrometer测微仪，千分刻度盘，厚度千分仪●Dilution screen稀释水压力筛●Dilution稀释●Dim. Basis weight基本名义克重●Dimension 尺寸，规格●directional control valve●Discharge卸下，放出●Dismounting: pressurized oil两侧轴承拆卸使用压力油●Dispersant分散剂Dispersant分散剂●Dispersing tank 分散槽●DoctorDoctor ventilator通风口，通风器Double gummed paper双胶纸，胶版纸，书写纸Down-run nozzleDrain hole放泄孔，排水孔●Drain valve ball泄压阀●Drain valve防水阀●Drainage foil\foil 案板，脱水板●Drain排干●Drain下水道，排水阀，消耗●Draw roll牵引辊●Draw roll牵引辊●Drawning●Drilling●Droplet separator雾气分离器●Drum sorter圆筒筛Dryer section●Drying cylinder烘缸●Duct导管，风管●Duplication ordisclosure●Dust container粉尘箱●Dust removal-fan除尘风机●Dust removing system除尘系统●Dynamic balancing 动平衡●Edge beam●Edge deck●Edge deck cheek nozzle●Edge边缘●Effective volume●Ejection air pump喷吸气泵●Ejection喷出，喷出物●Electrical hardware电气设备●Electric-hammer电锤●Electric-heated high pressure sterilizer电热高压消毒器●Electric-heated thermooil heating systemElevating motor起升电机●Elevating motor起升机●Embedded plate纸机预埋板●Embedded埋入的，植入的●Embellish装饰●Emulsifying cleaning agents乳化清洁剂●Emulsify乳化●Encase加外壳●Enclosed附上的，封闭的●End beamErection inspector, optical alignment●Erection superviser for mechanics●Establish 设立●Evaporated脱水的●Exchanger换热器●Exclusion●Exhausting system 消防系统●Expansion vessel膨胀油箱，贮油箱●External heating●Fabric change equipment换网装置●Fabric edges●Fabric tensor结构张量●Fan pump冲浆泵●Fan风机●Fastening●Fastening radius of counterwights平衡块固定半径●Fasten扎牢Feeding hopper加料●Felder镶嵌地板，镶嵌块●Field instrument现场仪表●Fire hydrant●Fire hydrant 消防系统●Fixative定色剂Fixative固着剂●Flash point闪点●Flat roll平滑辊Flat screw平头螺丝●Flat steel plate钢板●Flate filter●Floatation block浮选法●Floatation deinking cell 废纸脱墨浮选槽●flow control valve●Flushing elbow冲洗弯头●Flush冲洗●Foil bearing箔带轴承●Foil blade●Foil box刮水板●Foil force system纸尾切割装置●Folder●Form-fab脱水板，案板●Formic acid甲酸●Forming section●Foundation block蜡台●Foundation bolt地脚螺栓，基础螺栓●Foundation recess基础预圈孔●Fourdrinier长网机●Fourdrinier长网造纸机●Frame机架Front drum●Function函数●Furnish配浆●Fuse保险丝，熔断器●gasket密封垫gate valve闸阀●gauge pressure记示压力●gauge测量仪表，直径，规格；估计，计量●gauge量规●Gear coupling●Gear reducer oil pump齿轮减速油泵●Gear shaft齿轮轴●Gorilla大猩猩●Gradient坡度，倾斜度●Graphite石墨●Grating格栅●Grease润滑油●Gross height总高●Grouting●Guard●Hamlet 头盔●Handle，holder，hand把手●Handrail●Hard calendar●Headbox流浆箱●Heat recovery热回收●Heater●Heating medium oil●Heating medium oil●Heating medium载热体●Hex screw六角螺栓●High vacuum zone●Hoist电动葫芦●Hood frame●HoodswingHood汽罩部●Horizontal screen卧式筛浆机●Horn off警报器●Hose pave/doc/su200612/su20061207.pdf●Humidity湿度●Hydraulic belt tensioning system靴套液压张紧●Impact tester冲击强度测定仪●InletInquiry no.询价号●Insided unheated(IU)●Installation●Instruction说明●Insulated rubber绝缘橡皮●Intake valve进气阀，吸入阀●Integral cover书芯印纸的封面●Intermediate frame衬层机架Item no.工况条件●Jet-tail cutter高压纸尾切割水针●Joint detector system●Joint detector system按头控制系统●Junction联合点●Keep away from moisture, handle with care, the liftingposition, gravity centre●Knock down test顶锻实验●Labyrinth seal迷宫●Lamp check灯检验，灯测试●Layout drawing平面布置图Lead roll CR-cover覆面导辊●Lead vertical level of datum基准线所在的铅垂平面●Lead vertical level铅垂度●Leader导向器●Lead-in roll●Lead-in roll导辊●Leakage泄露●Leveling screw●Level液位●Leveness水平度Lever stretcher●Levering machine水准仪Lever标杆●Liability●Liable●Lifting and transport of frame●Lift吊装●Limit switch限位开关Limit swith极限开关●Linear circuitry线性电路●Linear pressure线压Linear stretcherLinear线性●Liner衬层●Loading DST doctorLoading element installating加压元件装配●Loading foil doctor●Lock clamp锁紧卡●Loctite●logic valve逻辑阀●Low wad senstivity低堵塞灵敏度●Lubrication pump润滑泵●Machine direction●Main assembly组装配●Main pump●Main 干线，总管道Make down tank制备槽●Mark 基准线Max load on longitudinal blade最大纵切刀荷载●Max load under transversal blade最大横切刀操作荷载Max operating load最大荷载●Max permissible remaing unbalance per roll head每端允许不平衡量的最大值●Max permissible total deviation from roll centre 辊面中心允许动态跳动最大值●Max. allowed elongation of fabric1.5%允许的干网最大伸长度为1.5%●Mechanic work●Min final clearance最小剩余径向间隙●Mineral lubrication矿物润滑油●Missiles●Mist collector 水雾收集器●Mist sprayer弥雾器Mist ventilator水雾通风机●Mixer搅拌机●Module组件●Moisturize增加水分●Moisturizing unit●Mounting block●Mounting plate安装板Mouting blockMulti contact auxiliary relay辅助继电器●Multifoil box刮水板●Multi-fourdrinier machine 多长网造纸机●Multi-jet condenser多喷嘴冷凝器●Multi-plier paper 复写纸●Nab逮捕●Nameplate铭牌●Necessitate使成为必需的，需要●Neutralization valve中和度Newspaper新闻纸Nip guards报警装置●Nip press夹子压力机Nip rolls 咬送辊●Nip roll光泽辊Nipper bar actuating plate线性调节板Nipper pliers尖嘴钳Nipper with spring弹簧剪钳Nipper钳子Nipping machine压平机●Nip-plateNipple chuck夹紧家盘Nipple 喷嘴●Nip-rollNo valtage cut out无电压开关●Noise level噪音量●No-load running-in无生产负荷试运转Normal vacuum zone●Number of cutting切纸次数●Nut圆螺母●OC：outsiide coveredOff-machine roll离线涂布●On-machine coator机外涂布部●On-machine roll在线涂布●Operational speed工作速度●Orifice plate●Osciltating high-pressure show高压摆动器Outlet●Outlet socket泵抽吸口Over pressure●Oxidation氧化●Painting●Panalarm报警设备，报警系统●Panel仪表盘，嵌板●Particle颗粒●PC panel电脑监视控制盘●Pedestal基架●perforated cover多孔盖Perpendiculity●Pipe thread管螺纹●Pipe union管子活接头●Pipe valve管阀●Pipeline管线●Piping network管网Piping work●Plain washer平垫●Plate heat exchanger●Pleating paper 褶衬用纸●Plugged塞紧的●Plunger 活塞●Plywood●Plywood胶合板●Ply层●PM-hall●Pneumatic system 气动系统●Pneumatic 气动的●Pocket 袋区●Polyalphoolephin lubrication oil ●Pour point倾点●Powder hopper淀粉贮槽Power brake动力制动Power steering动力转向●Preparation制备系统●Prereeler●Prereeler预复卷机●Press force●Press section●Press section field hydraulics●Press shoe靴板●Pressfit压配合●Pressure air diaphragm pump气动隔膜泵●Pressure blow box压榨吹风机●pressure gauge压力计●pressure reducing valve●pressure relief valve●Pressure relief valve 安全阀，泄压阀●Pressure roll 压力辊，托辊●pressure transmitter 压力传送器●Pressurized locking hose加压锁紧软管Primary coupling 靠背轮前部●Prism三菱镜●Procedure程序●Process工艺流程●proportional control valve比例控制阀●proportional valve cartridge比例阀盖●Pulp make rack room●Pump housings●Pump offPush button,control按钮操作●Qorilla大猩猩Quotation no.报价号●Rack行李架，齿条，贮藏室●Radial bearing向心轴承，径向轴承●Railing栏杆●Rear drum suction fan●Rear drum后卷辊●Recesses凹槽●Reciculation●Reclaim回收●Recommended permeability推荐渗透性Recycled pulp废纸浆●Reduction-in radical internal clearance径向内部间隙减小量●Reel section●Reels diameter纸卷直径Reels weightReels width●Regulating pump调节泵●Reject pump渣浆机●restrictor限制器●return line filter回路管●Return roll回头辊●Rider roll压纸辊●Rip=tear●Risk chart and safety signsrod计量棒Roll adjusting mechanism落网装置●Roll finishing systems●Roll finishing systems●Roll gear摆角挂轮●Roll keys and screws键和螺栓Roll out fourdrinier移出式长网机Roll splitter卷筒纸分切机●Roll with cover普通导辊●Roll wrapper卷筒纸包装机●Rolled压光●Roller滚链●Roof truss●Roofing封顶●Rope in说明●Rope line引纸绳●Rope pulley support绳轮架●Rope pulley support支架Plate钢板●Rotary joint旋转接头●Rotating head旋转头●Rotation direction●Rotor转子Rubber lined胶衬里Rubber line胶衬●Rubber-covered roll 包胶辊●Runnability流动性Running motor运行电机●Rust铁锈●Safety barrier and walkway安全防护栏及走道Safety signs警示牌●Sample valve进样阀Savalla saveall---savalla漂浮白水回收机Saveall box白水槽Saveall pan白水盘Saveall recovery白水回收Saveall tray白水盘●Saveall白水回收装置Scale●Scaleplate●Scheme 计划●Screw conveyor螺旋输送机●Second control panal第二控制系统Secondary coupling靠背轮后部●Sector loose part●Self-drilling tapping screw●Self-locking nuts自锁螺帽●Sensor传感器●Separate filter unit独立过滤装置●Separate ports●Separator纸边分离器●Serial编号●Servo system伺服系统，随动系统●Set-up●Sewer排水沟，下水道●Shaft轴●Sheet counter and table insert令纸插入装置●Sheet knock-off shower●Sheet leveler薄板矫正机●Sheet rejecting unit●Sheet rejecting unit排纸系统●Sheet squaring accuracy方正度●Shim plate垫板●Shoe lift●Shut-down watering●Shut-down关闭●Shut-off valve截止阀，节流阀●Sight glass观察孔，地平镜●Silencer pipe消音囱●Silencer消音器●Silencer消音器Sill lead roll短辊●Sino●Sinous header弯头●Site 现场●Size cooker\rosin cooking tank熬胶锅●Size tolerance尺寸公差●Sizer●Slice jet●Slitter纵切机●Slotted cover槽形盖●Slot沟，细长的孔●Solid●Solvent溶剂●Sound test●Space requirement work sheet空间需求量工作表●Space reservation预留空间●Spiral tube●Spool卷盘轴●Spreader roll扩展辊●Spreader roll舒展辊Spreader roll舒展辊●Stabilizer稳定器Staff●Staking码纸台●Staking码纸台●StampStarch cooker淀粉熬制锅●Static inline mixture静态混合器●Static pressure静压●Steering rail转向栏杆●Steering转向装置，导向●Stiff●Stiffener●Stock feed●Stockpiling囤积●Stop paper●Stop paper停止装置●Straight unsupported●Strapping machine捆扎机Strapping machine捆扎器●Strip长条，条状Suction blower抽风机Suction box真空吸水箱●Suction chamber●Suction chamber抽吸箱Suction flask吸滤瓶●Suction flat box真空吸水箱●Suction pick-up roll真空吸移辊●Suction pipe吸水管●Suction roll吸辊，吸水辊Suction transfer press真空领纸压榨Suction transfer roll真空领纸辊Suction unit cover change陶瓷面板更换装置●Suction unit with two chamber带两个抽吸室的抽吸单元●Suction unit吸扬设备，吸气装置●SufficientSupplement 辅助●Support beam●Support foil●Support leg支脚●Support支撑块Survering rodSurveyor’s rod●Sweetener stock pump 底层多元盘垫层浆泵●Swimming deflection compensated roll补偿辊●Switch开关●Symbelt roll靴压辊●Table roll案板，脱水元件●Tack钉住，图钉，粗缝●Tail shooterTail squirt引纸水针●Technical document技术文件●Terminal终端●Terminal终端●thermostatically-controlled自动调温的●Thin band●ThrottleThumb screw翼型螺母●Tightening torques●Tool machine机床●Top drill●Top headbox●Top layer mixing chest混合浆池●Top layer面层●Top roll顶辊●Top suction unit●Total head 总压头●Trailing blade coater拖刀涂布部●Trailing拖尾牵引●Training技术培训●Transfer roll转移辊●Transfer suction box换水箱●Transfer wire●Transition cone椎体过渡端Transmission line传动系统Transmission meter透光仪●Transmission传动，投射，输电，传导Transmittance透光度Traveling crane自动起重机Traverse fiber 横向纤维●Traversing crane桥式起重机Traversing jack横移式起重器●Traversing motor●Triangular cloth三角形的●Trim converying for winder●Trim conveying system纸边输送●Trim squirt切边水针●Trim transfer system纸边输送装置Trimmer knife 长刀，横切刀Trimmer machine缝边机Trimmer press平板切边机Trimmer saw修整锔●Trimmer闸刀切边机Trimming squirt切边水针Trollys●Trouble shooter故障检修器●Truss●Tube arrangement管道布置●Tube baking管垫圈●Tube roll管辊子●Tube管子●Turbair blower透平真空泵Turret消防用水龙头，六角车床，转盘●Twin wire board双层纸板Twin wire former双网成型装置●Twinrun pocket ventilation box●Twinrun pocket ventilation box袋区●Twinrun pocket ventilation box袋区●Uhle box 真空吸水箱●Underpressure负压●Underpressurized area●Unwind section退纸装置●Upkeep维修，保养Up-run side nozzleVacroll exhaust air风辊排气，排湿风机Vacufoil box●Vacuum blower纸边风机●Vacuum divider真空分离器●Vacuum pick-up领纸装置●Vacuum roll●Vacuum-assisted drainage unit●Valformer 预成型器●Valid 有效的●Valshoe 落水斜口，模板，闸瓦●Valve bag自封袋Valve base阀座●Valve cabinetValve cock阀栓Valve core阀芯Valve end阀头Valve lever阀杆Valve needle阀针Valve oil阀油●Valve panel阀盘Valve plug阀塞Valve positioner阀门定位器Valve rod阀座Valve seat阀座Vanish holdout上漆覆盖能力●Vanished上漆Vapometer cup水蒸汽渗透性能测定仪Vapor absorption吸排蒸汽Vapor composition蒸汽组成●Vapor蒸汽Ventilation duct通风口●Ventilation equipmentVentilation排气，通风Ventilator cap排湿帽Ventilator clamp pin排风夹销Ventilator clamp slide排风夹滑板Ventilator hood排风罩Ventilator link bracket pin联节托销Ventilator link排风连杆Ventilator outlet pipe出气管●Ventilator通风机●Vericality垂直度●Verification验证，确认●Vertical bracket doors●Vessel容器●Vice director副主任●Voith福伊特●Volume block pump容积泵Volumetric pump螺杆泵●Wall beam●Wall ring●Warrant保证，委任状●Washer洗浆机●Washout冲刷Water cutter●Water cutter切纸机●Water cuttingWater jet high pressure unit纸尾割刀高压水中心Water pump水泵Water screen水帘●Water seal arrangment水封装置Water separator脱水器●Water tank 水箱●Wearing parts易损件，磨损部分●Wear-resistant metal耐磨金属●Web break detectors断纸检测●Welding configuration系统结构，系统配置●Welding electrodes电焊条●Wet strength湿强度●Wetting shower pipeWetting shower pipe●Wetting湿润●White spriit松节油，石油溶剂油●Winder sectionWinder复卷机●Winding drums转鼓●Winding-housing●Winding绕组●Wood pulp木浆●Wooden crate木框●Wooden pallet木托盘●Wrapper machineWrapper machine●Wrapper包装器●Wrapper包装器●WrinkleWriting paper书写纸pressure41。
制浆造纸专业单词2
Chpater 8 Preparation of Papermaking StockStock preparation is the interface between the pulp mill or pulp warehouse and the paper machine.In an integrated mill,stock preparation begins with dilution of the heavy stock at the discharge of the high-density pulp storage chests and ends with the blended papermaking furnish in the machine chest .In the independent paper mill ,stock preparation begins by feeding pulp bales into the repulping systerm.The basic objectives in stock preparation are to take the required fibrous raw materials (pulps) and non-fibrous components (additives), treat and modify each furnish constituent as required ,and then combine all the ingredients continuously and uniformly into the papermaking stock .The primary concern is to produce a uniform papermaking furnish to ensure stable paper machine operation and a high standard of paper quality .The following operations are usually involved.Pulping . Baled pulp (or other fibrous raw material ) is dispersed into water to form a slush or slurry. The operation can be either batch or continuous.Refining (or Beating ). The fibers are subjected to mechanical action to develop their optimal papermaking properties with respect to the product being made. The operation is usually continuous, but some non-wood and specialty pulp are still treated batch-wise.Utilization of Wet-End Additives. A wide variety of mineral and chemical agents are added to the stock, either to impart specific properties to the paper product or to facilitate the papermaking process. Preparation is usually carried but batch-wise.Metering and Blending .The various fibrous and non-fibrous furnish components are continuously combined and blended to form the papermaking stock .Additional operations may be carried out as pan of stock preparation depending on the particular system requirements .For example .pulp screening and cleaning may be necessary for some high-quality furnishes .It should be noted that the paper machine white water and broke handling systems are sometimes considered to be part of stock preparation .However ,it is more appropriate to consider these systems in Chapter 16 where their function and operation are easier to understand in the context of overall paper machine operation .8.1REPULPING (DISPERSION)Repulping (or pulping ) refers to any mechanical action that disperses dry, compacted pulp fibers into a water slush ,slurry, or suspension .The extent of repulping can be just sufficient to enable the slurry to be pumped ,or it can be adequate to totally separate and disperse all the fibers .In batch repulping operations ,the defibering is usually completed within a single vessel .With continuous repulping ,supplemental in-line treatment is commonly utilized following the pulper to ensure complete dispersion ;typical devices for this purpose are called fiberizers ,deflakers .or dispergers(fine deflakers).The various fibrous raw materials (e.g.,virgin pulps ,broke,various reclaimed papers,etc).have different energy requirements for repulping .Among virgin pulps ,unbleached kraft is notably difficult to reslurry and defiber ,especially after storage at low moisture levels .Usually ,broke steams are fairly easy to repulp unless wet strength additives have been used .The greatest problems are experienced when utilizing waste papers and other reclaimed fibers. Generally ,energy requirements can be minimized by operating at the highest practical consistency (up to 18%) and at temperatures above 50 .C.A common type of pulper adaptable for either batch or continuous operation is illustrated Figure8-1 .Pulpers of this design employ one or more revolving elements that provide the turbulence and circulation necessary to disintegrate the fiber bundles ,and they are open at the top to allow charging of pulp bales or sheets without danger of clogging .One manufacturer has now modified the conventional round pulper tub so that one side is flattened ,and some older pulpers are being retrofitted with a baffle insert ;this so-called D-shaped tub is reported to provide improved submergence and circulation .Along with changes to the vat, the rotor design has undergone extensive development in recent years to allow repulping in the range of consistencies from 15 to 18%. As consistency is increased ,defibering is improved due to greatly increased fiber –to –fiber friction ,while energy consumption is significantly reduced .The new conical-shaped rotors protrude well into the vat .The proper sizing of the vat in relation to the rotor and the number and location of the guide vanes are extremely important in creating the fold-over action that is necessary when operating at higher consistency levels .The general configuration of a high-consistency pulper is show in Figure 8-2.Pulp bales (or slabs or sheets ) are most easily fed into the pulper from a floor that is approximately level with the top of the vat . One system for handling incoming stacks of pulp bales prior to repulping is shown in Figure 8-3.A representative device for in-line dispersion is illustrated in Figure 8-4 and 8-5 .The stock suspension (up to 4.5% consistency ) is split into streams by the slits in the rotor and stator rings ,which mate with one another .The stock is therefore accelerated and decelerated repeatedly ,and hydrodynamic shear forces are produced by the severe velocity gradients .The resulting forces serve to loosen the bonds between fibers and reduce “flakes” into constituent fibers.8.2 REFININGThe terms “beating “ and “refining “ are often used interchangeably.More precisely,beating refers to the mechanical action of rotating bars opposing a stationary bedplate on a circulating fiber suspension where the individual fibers are oriented perpendicular to the bars .This batch operation is exemplified in the traditional Hollander beater which is still used in some older paper mills ,especially for handling such difficult furnishes as jute ,hemp ,flax and cotto (see Figure 8-6).Refining refers to the mechanical action carried out in continuous conical or disk-type refiners where the fibers move parallel to the bar crossings .In alls cases ,the objective is to “develop” or modify the pulp fibers in an optimal manner for the demands of the particular papermaking furnish .Although refining and defibering are usually considered as separate operations ,considerable overlap may occur in practice .Some mechanical modification of the fibers takes place during repulping and dispersion operations .By the same token ,a refiner can function as an effective defibering device.Mechanism of RefiningThe mechanisms involved in refining are illustrated in Figure 8-7. Both mechanical and hydraulic forces are employed to alter the fiber characteristics .Shear stresses are imposed on the fibers by therolling ,twisting ,and tensional actions occurring between the bars and in the grooves and channels of the refiner .Normal stresses (either tensional or compressive) are imposed by the bending ,crushing ,and pulling/pushing actions on the fiber clumps caught between the bar-to –bar surfaces .The major effects of refining on the individual fibers are summarized in Table 8-1.The initial action is to partially remove the primary wall .Although the primary wall is permeable to water ,it does not swell and prevents the fibers from swelling .Removal of the P-layer exposes the secondary wall and allows water to be absorbed into the molecular structure .The consequent loosening of the internal structure promotes fiber swelling and renders the fiber soft and flexible .This so-called “internal fibrillation “ is generally regarded as the most important primary effect of refining following removal of the primary wall. The further action of (external) fibrillation involves loosening of the fibrils and raising of the fiber micro fibrils on the surfaces of thefibers ,resulting in a very large increase in surface area for the beaten fibers .As the fibers become moreflexible ,the cell walls collapse into the lumens ,thus creating ribbon-like elements of great conformability .The effects of refining on sheet structure can be seen in Figure 8-8 and 8-9 .Fibrillation is well illustrated in Figure 8-10.Fiber shortening (or cutting ) always occurs to some extent during refining ,mainly due to the shearing action of the bar crossings .Fiber cutting is often considered undesirable because it contributes to slower drainageand loss of strength .But ,in some applications ,a cutting action may be promoted to obtain good sheet formation from a long-fibered pulp furnish or to control sheet drainage on the paper machine .Refining also produces fines and particles removed from the fiber walls.One obvious effect of refining is the dramatic change in the drainage or dewatering properties of the pulp .Pulp drainability is rapidly reduced as refining proceeds ,mainly due to the increased concentrationof fines .System AnalysisThe factors are of primary importance in analyzing refiner performance ;the amount of effective energy applied per unit weight of pulp (net specific energy ),and the rate at which the energy is applied (refining intensity ).The first factor can be precisely measured ;but it is more difficult to evaluate how intensively the fibers are hit .The term “specific edge load “ is widely applied for this purpose ,and is calculate by dividing the rate of net energy application (net power ) by the total length of bar edges contacting the stock per unit time .The problem is that the energy is actually transferred to the fibers in three phases and in three different ways .In the edge-to –edge phase ,the fibers trapped between the bar edges get a strong hit directed over a short length of the fibers .In the edge-to –surface phase ,the leading edges of both rotor and stator bars press the fibers against the flat bar surfaces ,and their relative movement imparts a brushing treatment to the fibers .Finally ,after the leading edges reach the trailing edges of the opposite bars ,the fibers undergo a further gliding action during a surface-to-surface phase until the trailing edge of the rotor bar has cleared the trailing edge of the stator bar .The energy split between the three phases ,as well as the refining result ,depends on the sharpness of the bars ,the width of the bars and grooves ,and the roughness of the bar surfaces. If the energy is consumed mainly in the first phase ,the fibers will undergo significant cutting .If however ,most of the energy is utilized in the second and third phases ,the fibers will become more fibrillated .The net energy applied by the refiner is the difference between the measured refiner brake energy (gross energy ) and the backed-off or no-load energy requirement .Some energy is necessary simply to rotate the unit against the stock flow ;this varies with the type of refiner and is substantial for certain designs .Obviously ,the amount of energy absorbed by the pulp is the major factor affecting the change in pulp properties ;but the manner in which the work is carried out is also a significant determinant .Refining carried out at low intensity will produce greater fibrillation ,less cutting ,and more satisfactory development of fiber properties .In other words ,a gradual ,step-by –step application of mechanical energy to the fibers provides the optimal treatment ,in contrast to that produced by a more abrupt and concentrated application of the same amount of energy .Unfortunately ,the attainment of optimal low-intensity refining on a mill scale often requires the installation of a prohibitively large number of refiners .Therefore, fiber development must be compromised to a degree in order to control the capital and refining intensity ,mill refiners are not capable of duplicating the more idealized action of laboratory beaters .Variables Affecting RefiningSome of the variables affecting refining which are related to fibers ,equipment ,and process are listed in Table 8-2. Various pulps respond in different ways to a given refining treatment .Generally ,kraft pulps are more difficult to refine (i.e., require more energy )than sulfite pulps. Soda pulps are notably the easiest to refine .Unbleached pulps are more difficult to refine than comparable bleached pulps ,and those with higher lignin content are less responsive to beating because the lignin does not absorb water ,and therefore the fibers do not “swell” as much (compare Figure 8-11 and 8-12).High-yield mechanical and chemi-mechanical pulps are generally not refined in the paper mill because their high fiber stiffness causes severe cutting .In some instances a light “post-refining” of mechanical pulps is carried out for drainage control on the paper machine, but not for the normal purpose of developing fiber properties.As a general rule ,pulps containing large percentages of hemicelluloses are easy to refine and respond well to the input of mechanical energy .The great affinity of hemicellulose for water promotes “swelling “ and fibrillation .On the other hand ,dissolving-type pulps which are high in alpha cellulose refine slowly and produce weak sheets .Dried chemical pulps ,` including secondary fibers ,do not absorb water as readily and are more difficult to refine than pulps which have never been dried .Over-drying or uneven drying of pulp may contribute to a lower strength paper product ,owing to uneven strength development ,if sufficient time is not allowed for re-wetting .The “refinability “ of mixed-furnish secondary pulps is mainly a function of the chemical pulpcontent .The higher the proportion of chemical fibers ,the greater is the potential for the development of pulp properties through refining .Higher pH levels (above 7) promote faster beating in accordance with the greater swelling of cellulose in alkaline media .A high consistency generally contributes to a good beating response because of increased fiber-to –fiber contact and less cutting action (Figure 8-13 ).Types of RefinersTow major types of continuous refiners are used for stock preparation : disc refiners and cental refiners .The conical refiners can be further differentiated into low-angle types (Jordans ) and high-angle types (Claflins) .The conical types are illustrated in Figure 13-14 to 13-16.In conical refiners ,the rotating plug (rotor ) and its housing (stator ) are fitted with metal bars oriented lengthwise .The fibers flow parallel to the bars .The position of the plug determines ,the clearance of the bars and controls the amount of work done on the fibers for a constant stock throughput .Disc refiners are a more recent development ,and are available in a wide variety of designs and disc patterns .There are three basic types .. rotating disc opposing stationary disc .. two opposing rotating disc (Figure 8-17). rotating double-sided disc between two stationary discs (Figure 8-18).For the last design ,the stock flow can follow either a parallel arrangement (duoflow) or a series arrangement (monoflow).The tow flow options are illustrated schematically in Figure 8-19. Disc refiners offer significant advantages over conical refiners ,and it is difficult to understand why some papermakers still prefer to use conical types .The major advantage are:. lower no-load energy consumption ; this advantage becomes more significant with higher energy costs.. utilization of higher stock consistencies. application of higher loading and greater rotational peed .. greater versatility of refiner plate design .. self-correcting wear parents :i.e ..uniform mating f high and low spots ,in contrast to conical refiners (refer to Figure 8-20).. more compact design ;smaller space requirement .. lower capital investment per ton of production .However , it must be noted that for the same operating conditions ,there is little difference between conical and disc refiners regarding their ability to develop fibers.Perhaps the most popular stock preparation refiners are those equipped with a two-sided rotating disc sandwiched between two stationary refiner plates .Because the pressure is equal on both sides ,the rotating disc centers itself between the two non-rotating heads .This “floating disc “principle assures that the refining energy is split equally between the two sides and that the thrust loads developed (i.e.. the opposing forces in the axial direction of the shaft) are equal in both directions ,thus eliminating the need for thrust bearings .In disc refiners ,it is the gap between plate surfaces that determines the amount of work done on the pulp at constant throughput .This gap must be carefully controlled to maintain loading ,and at the same avoid plate clashing .A number of methods are used to measure and control the clearance ,depending on equipment manufacturer.Higher disc speeds provide lower refining intensity for the same throughput and therefore provide better fiber development. However ,higher rotational speeds waste more energy because the no-load energy requirement increases by the cube of the rotor speed. Most of the no-load energy is dissipated at the periphery where the disc velocity is greatest .Typical disc refiners operate with a maximum peripheral velocity in the 4700 to 5700 fpm range ,and the maximum rotational speed of the refiner is dependent on the diameter of the disc. In order to circumvent the limitation of diameter on capacity ,one manufacturer (Sunds ) has added a conical refining section at the periphery of the disc ,and their so-called conical disc refiners are claimed to be the largest refiners on the market.Disc Refiner PlatesPlates for disc refiners consist of s variety of bars cast into a base plate .The configuration of these bars is a significant factor in accomplishing specific refining effects .The plate patterns shown in Figure 13-21 are typical of those commonly used for stock preparation .The coarser patterns provide a high-intensity action which is more suitable for cutting fibers ;the finer patterns are more appropriate for strength development .A number of alloys are used for the manufacture of refiner plates depending on specificrequirement .Although pulp quality is a consideration ,the choice of plate metallurgy is usually based primarily on cost-effectiveness. To date ,the use of the more exotic metals such as titanium ,or the use of jet age plastics has proven to be uneconomical .Perhaps the most widely used material is Ni-hard ,an abrasion-resistant nickel chromium white iron .One advantage of Ni-hard is that the refiner bars retain relatively sharp leading edges as they wear ,a factor that is compatible with long service life .However ,Ni-hard is not suitable for corrosive stocks ,and more expensive alloys may be required.Plate wear occurs during refining as a result of normal abrasion ,and is accelerated by the presence of foreign materials in the stock .Plate life is also directly dependent on the corrosiveness of the stock .A plate has reached the end of its life when either fiber quality or throughput falls below acceptable levels .Measures taken in the paper mill to provide cleaner stock and less corrosive refining conditions will ensure longer plate life .Figure 8—22 illustrates the diverse refining requirements of a wide range of paper products ,and graphically points out the advantage of the disc refiner with respect to energy requirements .Effect of Refining on Paper PropertiesFigure 8-23 shows the typical pattern of change for some common sheet strength properties as the stock is refined .The actual response to refining will depend on the type of pulp fibers ,the equipment used and the operating conditions .Tear strength always decreases with refining due to the strength attrition of individual fibers; other strength parameters (e .g .. burst tensile ,folding endurance ) increase due to improved fiber-to –fiber bonding (as illustrated in Figure 8-24 ). The paper stock itself becomes slower ( i .e more difficult to drain ) and the resultant paper sheets become denser (less bulky ), with reduced porosity ,lower opacity ,and decreased dimensional stability .The results of laboratory handsheet testing are generally presented as a function of beatingtime ,beating energy ,or freeness (drainability ).However ,for comparative purposes it is more advantageous to evaluate one important property as a function of another relevant property .This technique is most effective where the properties vary in divergent directions with degree of refining .The most common example of paired properties is tear as a function of either tensile or burst .Other relationships used are tear as a function of sheet density and porosity as a function of tensile .Where it is possible to carry out refining or beating at two extreme levels of intensity ,two sets of beating curves can be generated to characterize the paper-making potential of the pulp over the complete range from gentle to harsh beating ( see Figure 8-25).Control of the Refining ProcessIn most refining systems ,there are generally two specific objectives ;. optimum strength development. control of stock drainability and sheet formationFor ease of control and minimum energy consumption ,these two objectives are best met in a two-stage system .In the primary refining stage ,the virgin fiber is given a low-intensity treatment for optimum strength development .This stage is usually operated at a constant specific energy for the product being produced .Specific energy control relies on input signals from consistency and flow transmitters plus a further signal from a kilowatt meter .In order to minimize energy requirements ,the refiner size and speed should not be greater than required to handle the anticipated throughput.In the secondary stage ,the entire pulp furnish (i.e..pre-refined virgin fiber ,secondary fiber ,broke ,etc ) is refined immediately ahead of the paper machine .Here ,optimum results are obtained with high-intensity refining and relatively low specific energy .This stage can be controlled to constant freeness by utilizing a sensor to provide feedback control of refiner loading ,as for example ,the system shown in Figure8-26 .The best results are usually obtained with an on-line instrument measuring either drainage time for wetness permeability ,which is installed as close to the refiner as possible .8.3 METERING AND BLENDING OF FURNISHESMetering and blending of the various furnish components is probably the most under-rated function of the stock preparation system from the standpoint of how much harm can occur if not handled properly .It must be emphasized that variation in furnish composition will manifest itself as erratic behavior of stock on the forming wire ,fluctuation of wet web response during subsequent processing steps on the paper machine ,and variability in product quality .Accurate proportioning of pulps and additives into a uniform blend depends on control of both consistency (or concentration ) and flow rate for each component stream .When a pulp component is supplied from a high-density storage chest ,a series of controlled dilution steps and mixing stages are necessaryto achieve the desired level of control .Pulp components are usually metered into the machine stock chest at consistencies between 2.8 and 3.2# .Such modifying operations as deflaking and refining are usually carried out at intermediate consistency levels .Although batch systems of metering and blending are still being used for small specialty papermaking operations ,the trend is toward continuous ,automated systems .These systems rely on modem consistency control loops and magnetic flow meters to regulate control valves ,In some instances ,the various pulp and broke stocks are blended first ,followed by addition of mineral fillers and chemicals .The basic control principle is that component streams are ratioed to an overall flow demand .Figure 8-27 shows a typical stock proportioning system of medium complexity in which the various pulp and broke stocks are delivered to the blend chest together with dye ,starch and other additives .The ingredients are mixed by an agitator in the blend chest to assure furnish uniformity .The blended furnish is then delivered to the machine stock chest .While not shown in the figure ,it must be noted that each stock flow is individually controlled for consistency ,and a “fine tuning “ of consistency is generally made on the combined flow from the blend chest to the machine chest .For relatively simple furnishes such as for newsprint ,the blend chest is often omitted ,and the final mixing occurs in the machine chest .The machine chest typically contains the final furnish mixture ,although in some instances ,small concentrations of additives may be added just prior to the headbox .The machine chest stock (at 2.6-2.8%consistency ) is continuously circulated to a constant head tank (stuff box ) which feeds the stock through a control valve ( called the “basis weight valve “) into the paper machine approach system .Here ,the stock is combined with circulating white water from the wire pit ,and the consistency is dramatically reduced to the level (typically 1% or less ) required at the headbox.。
制浆造纸的主要术语
制浆造纸的主要术语（一）制浆1、制浆：制浆是指利用化学的方法或机械的方法或两者结合的方法使植物纤维原料离解变成本色纸浆（未漂浆）或进一步变成漂白纸浆的生产过程。
制浆方法分为化学法和高得率法。
化学法包括碱法和亚硫酸盐法；高得率制浆包括半化学法、化学机械法和机械法。
2、本色浆：不需漂白的纸浆称为本色浆，用于生产如：水泥袋纸、电缆纸、电容器纸等。
3、漂白浆：经过漂白后的纸浆称为漂白浆，用于生产如：胶版纸、书写纸、铜版原纸等高级文化用纸。
4、木浆：以木材为原料制得的纸浆称为木浆，主要包括针叶木浆（又称软木浆）和阔叶木浆（又称硬木浆）。
5、非木浆：以各种非木材为原料制得的纸浆称为非木浆，主要包括棉浆、竹浆、蔗渣浆、麦草浆、棉秆浆、稻草浆等。
6、废纸浆：对废纸进行处理后制得的纸浆称为废纸浆，主要包括包装废纸浆和废纸脱墨浆等。
7、化学浆：以各种化学药剂作为蒸煮液制得的纸浆称为化学浆。
8、半化学浆：采用与化学法相同的蒸煮液进行较轻微的处理后再加以机械磨浆处理得到的纸浆称为半化学浆。
9、化学机械浆：采用比半化学法更轻微的化学处理然后或同时加以机械磨浆处理得到的纸浆称为化学机械浆。
10、机械浆：不用化学处理，而用各种机械法生产的纸浆统称为机械浆。
11、蒸煮：蒸煮就是在蒸煮设备（蒸球、蒸煮锅、连续蒸煮器）内使蒸煮液与植物纤维原料充分混合，在一定的温度、压力下进行化学反应，脱除原料中木素、获取纸浆的工艺过程。
12、黑液：原料经碱法蒸煮后，从纸浆中分离出来的残液称为黑液。
13、纸浆得率：又称纸浆收获率，原料经蒸煮后所得绝干（或风干）粗浆重量对未蒸煮前绝干（或风干）原料重量的百分比，一般称为粗浆得率；粗浆经筛选后所得绝干（或风干）细浆的重量对绝干（或风干）原料重量的百分比称为细浆得率。
14、纸浆硬度：纸浆硬度是表示原料经蒸煮后残留在纸浆中的木素和其他还原性物质的相对量，测定时通常采用高锰酸钾作为氧化剂，以高锰酸钾值、卡伯值或贝克曼值表示。
制浆造纸专业英语
Lesson 1 History of Papermaking1、papermaking 纸的生产;抄纸2、loading 装料;填料;加压;装入,输入3、sizing 施胶;胶料4、coating 涂布5、mulberry bark 桑皮6、flax 亚麻(属),鸦麻,胡麻,野芝麻,大芝麻7、beat 打浆;beating 打浆;8、hollander 荷兰式打浆机9、fourdrinier 长网,长网造纸机10、stationer 文具商11、cylinder 烘缸;圆网,圆筒12、cylinder machine 圆网纸机13、machinery 机器,机械,机械设备14、groundwood pulping 磨木浆15、soda 烧碱,碱16、sulfite 亚硫酸盐;sulfite pulp硫酸盐浆17、kraft 牛皮纸;硫酸盐浆;牛皮浆18、sulfate 硫酸盐19、incineration 焚烧20、alkali 碱21、digestion 蒸煮22、formation 成形;匀度;组织23、fibrous suspension 纤维悬浮液24、pressing 压榨25、drying 干燥26、refiner mechanical pulping 盘磨机械浆27、cooking 蒸煮28、multistage bleaching 多段漂白29、on-machine paper coating 纸张机内涂布30、twin-wire forming 双网成形31、computer process control 计算机过程控制32、technique 技术33、technology 工艺Lesson 2 Fibrous Raw Materials1、bast 韧皮、内皮2、cottonseed hair 棉种毛3、conversely 相反,反之4、technologist 工艺技术人员5、furnish 供给6、unique 唯一的;独特的;无与伦比的7、rayon 人造丝8、nylon 尼龙9、orlon 奥伦10、dacron 涤纶11、synthetics 合成产品12、asbestos 石棉13、linen 亚麻布14、straw 禾草15、availability 可用的,有效性,可得到的东西16、diverse 种类不同的17、spruce 云杉18、pine 松木19、pulpwood 制浆用木材20、hardwood 硬木21、softwood 软木22、deciduous 阔叶的23、coniferous 针叶的24、classification 分类25、vegetable Fibers 植物纤维26、fruit fibers 果类纤维27、seedhair 种毛28、pok 豆荚29、kapok 木棉30、husk 壳类外皮31、coir 椰子壳32、stem fiber 茎秆纤维33、gymnosperm 裸子植物34、angiosperm 被子植物35、tissue 组织;薄页纸36、dicotyledon 双子叶37、monocotyledon 单子叶38、herbaceous 草本的39、jute 黄麻40、hemp 大麻41、ramie 苎麻42、sunn 印度麻43、vascular 导管的44、vascular bundle 维管束45、cereal straws 谷草46、bagasse 蔗渣47、esparto 西班牙草48、abaca 焦麻49、sisal 西莎草50、phormium 新西兰麻51、pineapple 波萝52、animal fibers 动物纤维53、mineral fibers 矿物纤维54、regenerated cellulose 再生纤维素55、polyamide 聚酰胺56、polyacrylic 聚丙烯的57、polyester 聚酯58、synthetic fibers 合成纤维Lesson 3 The Major Chemical Componentsof Fibrous Raw Materials1、component 组分2、cell 细胞3、opening 开口;缝隙4、pit 纹孔;坑;池5、cellulose 纤维素6、hemicellulose 半纤维素7、lignin 木素8、skeleton 骨架9、matrix 填质、模型10、encrus 结壳11、constituent 组分、成分12、cell wall 细胞壁13、secondary cell wall 次生壁14、supermolecular state 超分子状态15、crystalline 结晶的;晶状的16、fibrillar 细纤维的,纤丝的17、fibril 细纤维,纤丝18、homopolysaccharide 均一聚糖19、homo- 均匀,同20、polysaccharide 多糖21、saccharide 糖类22、glucopyranose 吡喃式葡萄糖23、glucosidic bond 葡萄糖苷键24、glucose 葡萄糖25、residue剩基,残基;残余物26、molecule 分子27、molecular 分子的28、intra-内29、intermolecular 分子间30、hydrogen bond 氢键31、insoluble 不溶的,不溶32、solvent 溶剂33、biosynthesis 生物合成34、heterogeneous 不均一的35、hydrolyze 水解36、acid 酸37、monomeric 单元的38、mannose 甘露糖39、xylose 木糖40、arabinose 阿拉伯糖41、rhambose 鼠李糖42、glucuronic acid 葡萄糖尾酸43、uronic acid 糖尾酸44、methyl 甲基45、galacturonic acid 半乳糖尾酸,半乳糖醛酸46、polymerization 聚合,聚合作用47、phenylpropane 苯基丙烷48、phenyl 苯基49、ether bond 醚键50、carbon 碳51、gravimetrically 重量分析Lesson 4 The Structure of Plant Cell Wall 1、layer 层2、middle lamella (pl. lamellae)胞间层3、primary wall 初生壁4、wart(a. warty)树瘤5、microfibril 微细纤维6、helix 螺旋7、deviation 偏差8、angular 角的,有角的;斜角切裁9、polarized light 偏振光10、polarize 使极化11、pectic 果胶的12、pectin 果胶13、cell corner 细胞角隅14、protein 蛋白质15、interior 内部16、perpendicularly 垂直地17、axis 轴18、content 含量;内容;目录19、parallel 平行的20、angle 角21、tracheid 管胞22、earlywood 早材23、latewood 晚材24、stiffness 挺度,刚性25、amorphous 无定形的26、membrane 薄膜Lesson 5 Wood Preparation1、roundwood 原木2、log 原木段3、wood room 备木间4、conveyer运输机5、debark 剥皮6、hydraulic 水力;液压7、impinge 冲击8、stream barker 蒸气剥皮机9、pump 泵10、mechanical barker 机械剥皮机11、alternative 可选择方法。
造纸专业词汇
把一种几乎无色的物质加到纸浆、纸料、表面施胶的胶料或涂料中，能够将紫外光激发 为可见光，对纸和纸板的白度产生一个明显的改进。
木片经蒸汽短时间预热处理后，再用盘磨机带压或常压。
供制造纸和纸板用的纸浆。 经过制备的可供进一步加工的纤维料（一般指来源于天然植物）。注：“纸浆”这个名词不 在很多行业中通用。如果无特殊说，确用于本标准时，它仅指用于造纸、再生纤维和薄 膜以及有关工业的纸浆。 用甘蔗渣制得的造纸用浆。
从天然的或废旧的亚麻、大麻、苎麻中制得的纸浆。
用棉短绒或废棉制得的纸浆。
通过有研磨作用的表面，例如一个石面，磨碎木材制成的机械浆。
用木材制得的纸浆。
木片通过盘磨机生产出的盘磨机械浆。
一种高强度的未漂硫酸盐浆。主要用来制造牛皮纸或纸袋纸。
通过盘磨机处理植物纤维原料制得的机械浆。
在一定程度上除去浆的有色物质或改变浆的颜色，其目的在于提高浆的白度。
从化学浆（通常指硫酸盐法或烧碱法）蒸煮后的产物中分离出来的蒸煮废液。
用化学处理，例如蒸煮，从植物纤维原料中除去相当大一部分非纤维素成分而制得的纸 浆，不需要为了达到纤维分离而进行随后的机械处理。
完全用机械的方法从不同的植物纤维原料中制得的造纸用浆。
用亚硫酸钠和氢氧化钠组成的药液蒸煮植物纤维所制得的化学浆。
用毛重乘以绝对干度，除以商业规定干度。
用竹茎秆制得的纸浆。
用主要含有中性亚硫酸盐的药液蒸煮植物纤维原料制得的化学浆。
术语名称（中 文）
英文注释
半化学浆
semi-chemical pulp
拌浆机
breader,breaker beater
半漂浆
Semi-bleached pulp
粗纤维束
制浆造纸常用名词注解.
造纸常用名词注解001 纸paper经适当处理过的植物纤维、矿物纤维、动物纤维、化学纤维或这些纤维的混合物沉积到适当的成型设备上，经干燥或粘合制成的均匀的片状物（不包括纸板）。
002 纸板board定量相对较高的纸种。
003 纸浆pulp由植物纤维原料通过不同方法制得的用于造纸的纤维状物质。
004 风干浆air-dry pulp水分与周围环境平衡时的纸浆。
该水分通常为10%。
005 木浆wood pulp由木材制得的纸浆。
006 针叶木浆softwood pulp由针叶树木材制得的纸浆。
007 阔叶木浆hardwood pulp由阔叶树木材制得的纸浆。
008 绒毛浆fluff pulp专门用来加工成绒毛状纤维的纸浆，作为生产纸尿裤、卫生巾等产品的原料，是一种良好的液体吸收材料。
009 竹浆bamboo pulp由竹材制成的纸浆。
.010 苇浆reed pulp用芦苇制得的纸浆。
011 甘蔗渣浆bagasse pulp由甘蔗制糖废料（甘蔗渣）制成的纸浆。
012 草浆straw pulp用草类纤维原料制得的纸浆。
013 废纸浆recycled pulp用废纸生产的，经脱墨或不脱墨的纸浆。
014 化学浆chemical pulp用化学方法从植物纤维原料中除去大部分非纤维素成分而制得的纸浆。
015 硫酸盐浆sulfate pulp俗称牛皮浆，用主要含氢氧化钠、硫化钠的溶液蒸煮植物纤维原料所制得的化学浆。
016 半化学浆semi-chemical pulp将化学蒸煮与机械处理相结合所制得的纸浆。
017 机械浆mechanical pulp将植物纤维原料用机械方法制成的纸浆。
018 化学机械浆chemi-mechanical pulp需要用化学药品进行预处理制得的机械浆。
019 磨木浆groundwood pulp用磨石磨木机制得的纸浆。
020 全漂浆fully bleached pulp漂白至高亮度的纸浆，通常指亮度在85%以上的纸浆。
制浆造纸总结
制浆造纸总结1.纸是由纤维（包括植物纤维和非植物纤维）和非纤维添加物交织而成的多孔性网状结构薄型材料。
2.纸和纸板的界定：以225(g/m2)的定量为一分界线，定量小于225(g/m2)的称为纸；大于225(g/m2)的称作纸板。
通常将所有小于0.3mm厚度的薄片归入纸类；将所有少于0.3mm厚度的薄片归为纸板类；3.制浆：由木材或其它原料中分离出纤维的过程。
4.造纸：并使纤维交织在一起构成纸张的过程。
5.造纸生产流程：打浆、添料、净化、筛选、上网、抄造6.制浆：利用化学方法、或机械方法、或化学与机械结合的方法，并使植物纤维原料中的纤维离解，成为本色纸浆（未漂浆）或漂白纸浆的生产过程。
7.制浆的基本过程：8.制浆造纸原料：（1）木材纤维原料：(25%)针叶材，阔叶材；（2）非木材纤维原料：(75%)禾本科纤维原料，韧皮纤维原料，叶部纤维原料等9.心材与边材的比较心材一般含水分少，有机物质多，色泽深，质地坚硬，相对密度大，药液渗透困难，有利于烘烤，染料。
边材色泽浅，树脂含量少，相对密度小，结构疏松，药液较易渗透，有利于蒸煮，漂黑，且成纸强度较好。
从制浆造纸角度说，心材不如边材。
10.早材和晚材：早材细胞壁较薄，容易打浆，能制出抗张强度和耐破度高的纸浆。
晚材纤维壁薄，成管状，纤维挺硬难于酥皮，成纸刺穿度较好，透气度小，但纤维结合强度较差。
1.备料，即为为满足用户生产须要对储藏的原料展开加工处置的生产过程。
4.剥皮设备：圆筒剥皮机、环式剥皮机、简易剥皮机5.除节目的：为了满足用户搓木浆质量的建议和保护磨石，送来搓木机的木段如果具有节子，经过去皮后还必须除树节。
6.原料：麦草、稻草、芦苇、荻苇、竹子、蔗渣、原木7.全湿法备料的特点：可较彻底地解决干法备料存在的飞尘问题，改善了工作环境。
草梱不经阻断轻易资金投入碎解机，减少了备料工段的噪音和劳动强度。
提高了草片质量（除杂率高，净化效果好；灰分、苯醇抽出物等含量降低，利于黑液碱的废旧；草节部分被击碎，有利于药液的扩散；榨取草片的水分含量平衡，有利于掌控烘烤液比）。
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