高中英语定语从句详解

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高中英语:定语从句专项讲解

高中英语:定语从句专项讲解

高中英语:定语从句专项讲解【基础回顾】考点归纳:定语从句在句中做定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。

定语从句通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。

1.关系代词引导的定语从句2.关系副词引导的定语从句3.判断关系代词与关系副词4.限制性和非限制性定语从句5.介词+关系词6.as, which 非限定性定语从句7.关系代词that 的用法一、关系代词引导的定语从句关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。

关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

1、who, whom, that限定性定语从句中的关系代词作主语作宾语作定语指人who/that whom/that(可省略) whose指物which/that which/that(可省略) whose指人和物that that whose非限定性定语从句中的关系代词作主语作宾语作定语指人who whom whose/of whom指物which which whose/of which特殊情况:只能用that的情况,先行词为everything,all,little,much等不定代词时;先行词被all,every,no,any,some,little,much,one修饰时;先行词被the only,the very,the same,the last修饰时;先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时;先行词是be的表语或there be 的主语时;先行词有人又有物时;当主句是以who或which开头的特殊疑问句时。

不能用that的情况介词前置时;非限定性定语从句中先行词本身是that多用who,不用that的情况。

先行词为anyone,one,ones时;先行词为those,he和people时;这些词代替指人,whom在定语从句中指人,"who"和“that”既可作主语又可作宾语(作宾语可以省略,who作宾语变为whom),that可以指人也可以指物, who不可指物。

高中英语语法定语从句总结全

高中英语语法定语从句总结全

高中英语定语从句详解Ⅰ、概念:(1) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语得从句叫定语从句。

定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。

(2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰得成份。

先行词可以为一个词,短语,或整个主句。

(3)引导定语从句得词叫关系词,分为关系代词与关系副词。

关系词得作用:1) 引导定语从句,连接主句与从句,相当于一个连词;2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语)常用得关系代词: that、which、who、whom、whose,当关系代词在定语从句中做宾语时,关系代词可以省略。

常用得关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when(时间状语)、why(原因状语)、whe re(地点状语)可以修饰人得关系代词:that, who,whom,whose可以修饰事得关系代词:that, which, as,whose,The student who answered the question was John、Iknow thereasonwhy he wasso angry、The boy (whom) you are talkingto is mybrother、I'd like a roomwhose window facesthe sea、定语从句三步:第一找出先行词;第二瞧先行词在定语从句中得语法功能(做主语、宾语、表语或状语);第三选择合适得关系词。

Ⅱ、几个关系代词得基本用法:●that:可指人或物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。

(指人时,相当于who或whom;指物时,相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句;不可置于介词后作宾语) 如:1、A letterthat/which is written in pencil is difficult to read、(主语)2、Do you know the gentleman that/whospoke just now?3、You can takeanything ( that)you like、(宾语)4、Whatis thequestion(that/which) they aretalking about?5、Hereis theman (who/whom/that) you want tosee、6、She's no longerthe girl( that) sheused to be before、(表语)7、Ourhometown isno longer theone (that)it usedto be、(=Our hometown isnot the same as it used tobe、= Our hometown is differentfrom what itusedtobe。

完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习

完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习

完整版)高中英语定语从句讲解及练习定语从句是高中英语的重点知识,也是高考常考点。

本文将主要讲解关系代词引导的定语从句,并解释关系副词引导的定语从句,包括判断关系代词与关系副词限制性和非限制性定语从句等内容,并提供例题讲解。

定语从句在句中作定语,修饰一个名词或代词,被修饰的名词词组或代词即先行词。

通常出现在先行词之后,由关系词(关系代词或关系副词)引出。

关系代词有:who。

whom。

whose。

that。

which等。

它们代替的先行词是人或物的名词或代词,并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。

当关系代词在定语从句中作主语时,从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。

例如,当先行词是人时,可以使用who或whom作为关系代词。

如:Is he the man who/that wants to see you?(他就是你想见的人吗?)关系代词在从句中作主语。

而当先行词是物时,可以使用which或that作为关系代词。

如:The package(which / that)you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.(你拿的包快散了。

)关系代词在从句中作宾语。

除了who。

whom。

whose。

that。

which,还有关系副词when。

where。

why等。

关系副词引导的定语从句也可以修饰一个名词或代词。

例如:I still remember the day when we met.(我仍然记得我们相遇的那一天。

)关系副词when在从句中作时间状语,修饰先行词day。

总之,掌握定语从句的用法和关系词的选择是英语研究的重要内容。

通过不断的练和实践,相信大家可以掌握这一技能。

关系副词可以代替时间、地点或理由的名词,在从句中作状语。

例如,关系副词when。

where。

why的含义相当于“介词+ which”结构,因此常常和“介词+ which”结构交替使用。

比如,有时候我们必须屈服,这是任何人都会遇到的情况(There are ns when [on which] one must yield)。

高中英语定语从句详解

高中英语定语从句详解

高中英语定语从句详解高中英语定语从句详解定语从句主要用于修饰句子中的名词、代词或上文提到的一件事(句子)。

而定语从句的位置常常是紧跟在被修饰的名词、代词或句子的后面。

在被修饰的名词、代词(先行词)与定语从句之间往往有一个关系词将其前后两部分联系成一个整体。

关系词与后面的句子合称定语从句。

1)three signs that indicate a person is suffering from a heart attack三种意味着一个人患心脏病的迹象在这个带有定语从句的短语中:signs是:被修饰的名词;that是:关系词;that indicate a person is suffering from a heart attack是定语从句2)those who drink a lot 那些大量饮酒的人在这个带有定语从句的短语中:those是:被修饰的代词;who是:关系词;who drink a lot是:定语从句。

3)Do you know the name of that girl whose brother is your roommate ?你知道她的哥哥与你同寝室的那位女孩的名字吗?通过上面的演示,我们可以归纳出:(1)定语从句在英语中放在被修饰的词后,翻译成汉语时置于被修饰的词之前,且有汉字“的”(2)定语从句在句子中的位置、结构如下:被修饰的名词/ 代词+ 关系词+ 句子(其中,"被修饰的名词/代词"在语法叫作"先行词".) 要点提示:1)先行词=关系词。

所以先行词在从句中不在出现。

先行词的意义以及它在从句中的语法功能(句子成分)决定关系词的选择。

定语从句中的关系词只有两类:关系代词和关系副词;所有关系词不但都有具体的意义而且都在从句中担任一定的成分。

1)关系代词:who , whom , whose , which , that 等。

高中英语定语从句详解

高中英语定语从句详解

定语从句详解Ⅰ. 概念:定语从句:在复合句中修饰名词或代词的句子在复合句中充当定语,所以叫作定语从句。

先行词:定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。

关系词:引导定语从句的词,分为关系代词(who,whom,that,which,whose)和关系副词(where,when,why,)。

复合句:The man who (that) came is Mike.先行词关系代词Li Ming is the one that got full marks in our class.关系词的作用:1) 引导定语从句,连接主句和从句,相当于一个连词;2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语)常用的关系代词: that、which、who、whom、whose、as 、but (文语, 置于否定词之后=that/who…not…, "没有……不……", 在从句中作主语,宾语)常用的关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when、why、whereThe student who answered the question was John.I know the reason why he was so angry.The boy (whom) you are talking to is my brother.I'd like a room whose window looks out over the sea.定语从句三步:第一找出先行词;第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能(做主语、宾语或状语);第三选择合适的关系词。

一. 几个关系代词的基本用法:1. 定语从句的关系代词Which的用法:若先行词指物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语.This is the pen which was given by my friend.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语This is the pen which my friend gave to me.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语2. 定语从句的关系代词Who的用法: 若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语(如果前面带介词则必须用whom)The man who is wearing a white suit is my brother.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语The man who\whom he wanted to see last week is in Shanghai.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语She is the girl with whom I went there.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于前.3. 定语从句的关系代词Whom的用法: 若先行词指人则代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语(包括介词的宾语) ,与who的区别是如果前面带介词则必须用whomThis is the teacher whom\who we like best.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语She is the girl whom\ who I went with there.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾.I do n’t like the boy to whom you are talking.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当介宾且介词于前. 4. 定语从句的关系代词that的用法: 若先行词指人或物则代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语或宾语The animal that \which is lost is a panda.先行词指物代替先行词在定语从句中充当主语She is the person that \who we are worried about.先行词指人代替先行词在定语从句中充当宾语定语从句的关系副词Where的用法:若先行词指地点且其在定语从句中充当地点状语.This is the house+I was born in the house. (=I was born there)介词短语副词这就是我在那儿出生的房子.I was born in.这里作介宾的which和that可以省略I was born in练习:用which ,where填空1 This is the factory they want to visit。

高中英语定语从句的全面讲解

高中英语定语从句的全面讲解

在复合句中充当定语的从句叫定语从句。

定语从句的作用相当于形容词,用来修饰主句中的某一名词或代词或整个主句,所以,也称作形容词性从句。

被定语从句修饰的词叫先行词,定语从句一般紧跟在它所修饰的先行词之后。

在先行词和定语从句之间起连接作用的词叫关系词。

关系词有关系代词和关系副词两种。

提示:关系词在定语从句中有三大作用1.连接作用一连接先行词和定语从句。

I gave her all the money that I ha我把我所有的钱都给了她。

(that 连接先特词money和定语从句I had2.替代作用一在定语从句中替代从句所修饰的先行词。

The man who lives next door is a famous teache住在隔壁的那个人是个名师。

(who替代the man)3.成分作用一在定语从句中作主语、宾语、定语或状语。

I like pictures which are painted in the traditional Chinese style.我喜欢传统的中国画。

(which在定语从句中作主语)一、关系代词引导的定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, th簿。

它们分别代替前面的先行词,并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。

一、关系代词引导的定语从句引导定语从句的关系代词主要有who, whom, whose, which, th等。

它们分别代替前面的先行词,并在定语从句中作主语、宾语或定语。

A. Who指人,在定语从句中作主语。

What was the name of the man who lent you the money?借钱给你的那人叫什么名字? ( 定语从句修饰先行词the man)He who laughs last laughs best. 谁笑到最后谁笑得最好。

(定语从句修饰先行词he)The chairman of the meeting, who spoke first, sat on my right.会议主席坐在我右边,他先发言。

【高中英语】英语语法讲解之定语从句

【高中英语】英语语法讲解之定语从句

【高中英语】英语语法讲解之定语从句(一)定语从句的结构:在复合句中,修饰某个名词或代词的句子(做这个名词或代词的定语)叫定语从句,定语从句一般放在被修饰的名词或代词后面,被修饰的名词或代词叫做定语从句的先行词,它与定语从句之间要有一个词连接,这个词指代先行词的内容叫做关系词(关系代词或关系副词:that,which,who,whose,when,where,why)。

先行词在定语从句中充当主语,宾语,时间,地点,原因状语。

结构:先行词+关系词+定语从句。

1.thereshesawawallofwaterthatwasquicklyadvancingtowardsher.2.在日本,有人看到其他人在谈论他们时,会认为这意味着钱。

4.theparkhasaconservationcenterthathelpsprotectmarineanimalsandtheirhabitatsin theriversandcoastalwatersofasia.5.访客可以在他们可以看到的地方查看他们在自己的房间内看到的东西。

6.oprahwinfreyisablackwomanwhoserisetofameisaninspiringstory.(二)定语从句分为限制性定语从句和非限制性定语从句:限定性定语从句:从句对先行词进行必要的描述或说明,缺少它,则句义显得不完整,从句与先行词紧密相连。

非限制性定语从句:补充和解释先行词。

它与先行词之间用逗号分隔。

1.beforeshecouldmove,sheheardaloudnoise,whichgrewtoaterribleroar.2.树木一棵接一棵地被水砍倒,水的深度必须达到米。

3.flora,whosebeautifulhairanddresswereallcoldandwet,startedcrying.4.他们的演讲包括节奏和押韵词,这些词经常引起听众的掌声。

高中英语语法基础 ——定语从句知识点总结归纳讲解(附同步练习)(有答案)

高中英语语法基础 ——定语从句知识点总结归纳讲解(附同步练习)(有答案)

高中英语语法基础——定语从句知识点归纳讲解(附同步练习)★先行词:被定语从句修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。

通常情况下,引导词前面的名词即为从句的先行词。

★关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

也可以称作引导词。

①关系代词:who,whom,which,that,whose,as,在从句内作主语、宾语等名词性成分。

②关系副词:when,where,why在从句内作状语。

(一). 使用who、whom、which、that的定语从句1. whoThis is the boy who plays basketball very well.This is the teacher who is teaching us English.▲who 指人, 在从句中作主语。

2. whomThis is the boy (whom) I often help.The man is our headmaster (whom) you met just now.I met the girl (whom) you often praise.▲whom 指人,在从句中作宾语, 可省略。

3. whichThis is the farm which keeps many cows.This is the farm (which ) I visit every year.▲which 指事物, 在从句中作主语或宾语,作宾语时可省略。

4. that以上三种情况均可用that。

指人或指物,可作主语和宾语,作宾语时可省略。

(二). 使用whose的定语从句Do you know the girl whose father is mayor.I used to work in an office whose window faces north.I work in a school whose students are excellent.▲whose 指人或物的所属关系,表示“某人的”或“某物的”。

高中英语定语从句讲解与归纳

高中英语定语从句讲解与归纳

高中英语定语从句讲解与归纳高一英语定语从句讲解一、定语从句1.定语从句三步:第一找出先行词;第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能(做主语、宾语或状语);第三选择合适的关联词。

2.定语从句在选择关联词that 与which时,常常容易出错,所以应记住什么时候只能用that,什么时候只能用which.(1).只能用that 的情况归纳4种:即先得词被序数词最高级修饰过;先行词为all 、everything、nothing等不定代词;先行词同时是人和物并列时;最后先行词分别被the only 、the very the same、the last 修饰。

请看下列四组例句,注意其先行词:①.The first thing that we should do is to work out a plan .②.I t almost seemed as if the good man were trying to teach us all that he knew at this lesson .③.Later my father and Mr. Crosset talked for about half an four of things and persons that they remembered in school.④.This is the very dictionary that I want to find .(2).只用which is 情况有两种情况:一是非限制性定语从句,关联词要用which;二是做介词宾语时只能用which。

请看下列两组例句:I said nothing , which made him more angry .I have the book about which you are talking .三、在定语从句的非限制性定语中,which 和as 是容易混淆的。

在很多情况下两者兼可互换,但在下列情况中不可互换:1、通常As 可以放在整句的句首,而which,只能在逗号之后,as 本身含有“正如”,as 在定语从句中既可是主语也可做宾语As appear from her paper ,she has read widely in Romantic literature.She is remarkable, as I have told you .2、which 在做非限制性定语从句关联词时可以无明确先行词,指前句整个的意思,如:She has married again, which surprises us .四、在定语从句中,许多人往往分不清all that 和what, what 实际上只引导名词性从句,它相当于all that两个字,例如:All that I know is that he has made up his mind to heave the country for a new place.= what I know is that ……定语从句知识要点:一、限定性定语从句:种类先行词关联词例句说明定语从句(人)在从句中做主语或宾语物在从句中做主语或宾语whowhichThis is the doctor who saved the boy’s life .这就是救了孩子生命的医生。

高中英语定语从句详解

高中英语定语从句详解

高中英语定语从句详解定语从句用来充当句中定语的主谓结构;它主要用于修饰句子中的名词、代词。

而定语从句的位置常常是紧跟在被修饰的名词、代词的后面。

在被修饰的名词、代词与定语从句之间往往有一个关系词将其前后两部分联系成一个整体,或是构成一个名词短语;或是构成一个代词短语。

但从结构上说,关系词与从句是一个整体。

排除句子的其他各部分,这种带有定语从句的名词短语或是代词短语的构成可演示如下:1)three signs that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack三种意味着一个人是患有惊恐症而不是心脏病的迹象在这个带有定语从句的名词短语中:signs是:被修饰的名词;that是:关系词;that indicate a person is suffering from a panic attack rather than a heart attack是定语从句2)those who drink a lot 那些大量饮酒的人在这个带有定语从句的代词短语中:those是:被修饰的名词;who是:关系词;who drink a lot是:定语从句通过上面的演示,我们可以归纳出定语从句在句子中的位置、结构如下:被修饰的名词/ 代词+ 关系词+ 句子(其中,"被修饰的名词/代词"在语法叫作"先行词".)要点提示:1)"先行词"与"关系词"的内在联系"先行词"与"关系词"之间实质上是互等、互换的关系。

也就是说,关系词的作用就是将先行词所表达意义"代到"从句中来起作用。

例如:They often become easily frightened or feel uneasy in situations (先行词)where (关系词)people normally would not be afraid .他们常在人们一般不会感到害怕的情况下却很容易感到恐惧或是感到不自在。

高中英语语法:定语从句深层讲解(含四部分)

高中英语语法:定语从句深层讲解(含四部分)

定语从句讲解一、详细的定语从句讲解定语从句是由关系代词和关系副词引导的从句,其作用是作定语修饰主句的某个成分,定语从句分为限定性和非限定性从句两种。

状语从句分为时间状语从句,结果状语从句,让步状语从句,原因状语从句,条件状语从句以及行为方式状语从句。

名词从句包括主语从句,宾语从句,表语从句和同位语从句及there be句型。

(一)限定性定语从句1. that即可代表事物也可代表人,which代表事物;它们在从句中作主语或宾语,that在从句中作宾语时常可省略关系词,which在从句中作宾语则不能省略。

而且,如果which在从句中作“不及物动词+介词”的介词的宾语,注意介词不要丢掉,而且介词总是放在关系代词which的前边,但有的则放在它原来的位置2. which作宾语时,根据先行词与定语从句之间的语义关系,先行词与which之间的介词不能丢3. 代表物时多用which,但在带有下列词的句子中用that而不用which,这些词包括all, anything, much等,这时的that常被省略4. who和whom引导的从句用来修饰人,分别作从句中的主语和宾语,whom作宾语时,要注意它可以作动词的宾语也可以作介词的宾语5. where是关系副词,用来表示地点的定语从句6. when引导定语从句表示时间〔注〕值得一提的是,表示时间“time"一词的定语从句只用when引导,有时不用任何关系代词,当然也不用that引导By the time you arrive in London, we will have stayed there for two weeks.I still remember the first time I met her.Each time he goes to besiness trip, he brings a lot of living necessities, such as towers, soap, toothbrush etc.7. whose是关系代词,修饰名词作定语,相当于所修饰成分的前置所有格8. 当从句的逻辑主语是some, any, no, somebody, anybody, nobody, something, anything, everything或nothing时,常用there is来引导(二)非限定性定语从句:非限定性定语从句的作用是对所修饰的成分作进一步说明,通常和主句间用逗号隔开,将从句拿掉后其他部分仍可成立1. which引导的非限定性定语从句来说明前面整个句子的情况或主句的某一部分2. 在引导限定性定语从句时,that有时相当于in which, at which, for which或at whichAttitudes towards daydreaming are changing in much the same way that(in which) attitudes towards night dreaming have changed. 人们对白日做梦的态度正在改变,这与人们对夜间做梦的看法的变化有非常相似之处。

高中英语-定语从句讲解

高中英语-定语从句讲解

一、定语从句概述定语可以由形容词、名词、代词、数词、分词、副词、不定式以及介词短语等来担任,也可以由一个句子来担任。

在句子中起定语作用的从句称为定语从句。

定语从句在句中的作用相当于形容词,故又称为形容词性从句。

被定语从句修饰的名词叫先行词,引导定语从句的词叫关系词。

二关系词的用法。

关系词可分为关系代词和关系副词。

关系词指代先行词,放在先行词与定语从句之间起连接作用,同时又充当定语从句中的某一种成分(主语、宾语、状语等)。

引导定语从句的关系代词有"at,who,whom,whose,which;关系副词有when,where,why等。

关系词在句子中的指代作用及成分如下表1.关系代词的用法(1)who, whom的用法二者都用于指人。

who在定语从句中作主语、宾语;whom在定语从句中作宾语。

在现代英语里,有时who也可代替whom在从句中作宾语。

作宾语的关系代词who,whom可以省略(介词后作宾语的关系代词除外)。

She was the one who did most of the talking。

大部分时间都是她在说话。

(作主语) The boy who I know studies best in his class.我认识的那个男孩在班上学习最好。

(作宾语)I happened to meet the professor (who/whom) I got to knowat a party. 我碰巧遇见了那位在一次聚会上认识的教授。

(作宾语,whom可用who 代替)whom在从句中作介词的宾语,且介词提到whom前面时,不能用who 代替。

Yesterday I came across a few friends with whom I went to the park.昨天我碰见了几个朋友,我和他们一起去了公园。

(句中的whom 不能用who 代替)whose可以指人也可以指物,在定语从句中作定语。

高中英语定语从句详解

高中英语定语从句详解

高中英语定语从句详解Ⅰ. 概念:(1) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。

定语从句一般紧接在先行词(antecedent)后面。

(2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰的成份。

先行词可以为一个词,短语,或整个主句。

(3) 引导定语从句的词叫关系词,分为关系代词和关系副词。

关系词的作用:1) 引导定语从句,连接主句和从句,相当于一个连词;2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语)常用的关系代词(在从句中作主语,宾语, whose 可做定语)that、which、who、whom、whose、as;常用的关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when、why、where定语从句三步:第一找出先行词;第二看先行词在定语从句中的语法功能(做主语、宾语或状语);第三选择合适的关系词。

Ⅱ. 几个关系代词的基本用法:●that: 可指人或物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语。

(指人时,相当于who或whom;指物时,相当于which)(一般不用于非限制性定语从句; 不可置于介词后作宾语) 如:1. A letter that/which is written in pencil is difficult to read. (主语)2. You can take anything ( that) you like. (宾语)●which: 指物;在定语从句中作主语,宾语,表语,如:1. The book which/that was on the desk was bought by my father.(主语)2. The book (which/that) I bought yesterday is very interesting.(宾语)●who, whom, whose: who: 主格, 在从句中作主语,在口语或非正式用法中作宾语; 只可指人. whom: 宾格,在从句中作宾语; 只可指人. whose: 属格,在从句中作定语,可指人也可指物。

(重点解析)高中英语语法专题一 定语从句

(重点解析)高中英语语法专题一 定语从句

(重点解析)高中英语语法专题一定语从句专题一定语从句一、关系代词引导的定语从句1、that指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语which指物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语(作宾语时可以省略)who指人在从句中作主语,宾语或表语whom指人在从句中作宾语whose指人或物在从句中作定语as指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语but指人或物在从句中作主语,宾语或表语注意:指物时,whose+名词=the+名词+of which或of which+the+名词2、as的用法(1)常用于下列结构:such…as;so…as;the same…as;as…as 注意:the same…as表示同一类,不同一个the same…that表示同一个(2)as与which的区别a、位置不同as可放在主句后,主句前或主句中间;which只能放在主句后。

b、as起连接作用,表达说话人的观点、看法,并指出主句内容的根据或出处,意为“正如,正像”。

Which相当于并列句,可以用and this来代替,意为“这一点,这件事’”。

注意:as常用于下列结构:as we know/as is known to all,as we all can see,as has been said before/above,as might be excepted,as is often the case,一般不能用which代替as。

c、在从句中作主语时,which既可作系动词be的主语也可作实义动词的主语,而as只可作系动词be的主语。

二、只用that不用which的情况1、.先行词为all,much,everything,nothing, something,anything,nothing,none,the one等不定代词时2、先行词被only,any,few,little,no,all,just,very,right等修饰时.3、当先行词是最高级或被形容词最高级修饰时。

高中英语定语从句详解

高中英语定语从句详解

定语从句/2018版一,什么是定从?跟在名词或代词后面(位置),起修饰作用的句子(作用),译为“…的”。

二,定从两步走?1,找先行词,找从句(从引导词到句完或到第二个谓语动词前)。

2,把先行词代入从句,判断在从句中作什么成分,选择相应的引导词。

三,引导词有哪些?如何选引导词?引导词:关系代词:who, whom, which, that, whose, as关系副词:when, where, why1.先行词是sb, 在从句中作主语:who, that. / 在从句中作宾语:who,whom, that, 不填。

2.先行词是sth, 在从句中作主语:which, that. / 在从句中作宾语:which, that, 不填。

3.先行词是time, 在从句中作时间状语:用when 或介词+which. / 在从句中做主语或宾语,同2.4.先行词是place,在从句中作地点状语,用where 或介词+which. / 在从句中做主语或宾语,同2.5.先行词是reason, 在从句中作原因状语,用why 或 for which. / 在从句中做主语或宾语,同2.6.先行词和引导词后的名词构成所有格时:用whose.(可指人和物)7.As的用法:用于几个特殊句式,表“正如”:as we all know, as you cansee, as you can imagine, as we planned,等等。

8.先行词是way有三种引导方式:way in which/that/不填…9.Such…as…定从句型:(如此…正如…)四,限制性和非限制性定从有什么区别?1.非限定性定从:引导词前有逗号,限定性定从没有逗号。

2.非限定性定从(有逗号):不能用that 引导。

3.非限定性定从:引导词可指代先行词,也可指整个主句(翻译成“这…”);限定性定从:引导词只能指代先行词。

五,只能用which/who或只能用that的情况:1.用that不用which/whoa.不定代(当先行词是all, much, little, few, something, anything,everything, nothing, everything等不定代词或被不定代词修饰的时候)b.被修饰(当先行词被the first, the greatest, the only, the very修饰时)c.含人&物(当先行词既含人,又含物的时候)d.作表语(当先行词在从句中作表语时)e.Who/which开头2.用which/who不用thata.有逗号,没that(非限)b.有介词,没that(介词+which / who)28.Mary likes music that is quiet and gentle.29.The coat that I put on the desk is blue.30.The building which stands near the train station is a supermarket.28. The film which we saw last night was wonderful.29. The girl who often helps me with my English is from England.30.He is the famous teacher whom Li Ming is talking to.31.Do you remember the old man and the dogs that we met last week?引导词是关系副词:(when)1.I can well remember there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never kept me spellbound.2.I can well remember the first day when I went to college.3.The days when people rode horses for travelling were gone.4.Do you know the day when your mother was born?5.The mid-term examinations will happen in November when the weather will be colder.6.I shall never forget the days when(on which)we worked on the farm.7.By the time when you arrived in London, we had stayed there for two weeks.(where)1.Baoji is the place where (in which) I was born.2.I love Xi’an where I work.3.Is this the reason why (for which) he refused our offer?4.I still remember the place where I met her for the first time.7.He got into a situation where it is hard to decide what is right and wrong.8.There is no such dictionary where/ in which you can find everything. (抽象地点名词:situation, point, career, activity等)9.Teaching is a kind of career where you can have fun with kids.10.It’s helpful to put children in a situation where they can see themselves differently.11.Those successful deaf dancers think dancing is an activity where sight matters more than hearing.(why)12.Can you tell me the reason why (for which) the car broke down.13.We don’t know the reason why he didn’t show up.(对比)14.This is the town which I wanted to visit most.15.This is the town where I was born.16.I will never forget the days when we shared all the ups and downs in life.17.I will never forget the days which I spent at college.18.I want to know the reason why you are so smart.19.I don’t believe the reason that you gave me yesterday.非限定性定从:20.The house, which was built last year, looks beautiful.21.He watched too much TV, which made his mom angry.22.People get nervous when they speak in public, which is understandable.23.Our class won the competition in the competition, which made us excited.介词+引导词24.I have many students to whom I am going to send postcards.25.She has two daughters, both of whom are doctors.只用that的情况:26.I have done all the work that he told me to do.27.I did nothing that might hurt you.28.Chatting was the only thing that interested her most.29.This is the best film that I’ve ever seen.30.I’ll never forget the first English song that I’ve learned.31.Who is the person that is standing at the gate?32.She took photographs of the things and people that she was interested in.用who/which不用that的情况:33.Football, which is a very interesting game, is played in many countries.34.I’m looking for a container in which I can put all the coins.定从与强调句型的区别:35.It is the island where they spent 10 years.(定从:去掉It is…where…后,句子不完整。

高中英语定语从句详解及习题精炼附答案

高中英语定语从句详解及习题精炼附答案

定语从句一、知识框架二、知识梳理一)定义(1) 定语从句:在主从复合句中用作定语的从句叫定语从句。

定语从句一般紧接在先行词后面。

(2) 先行词:被定语从句修饰的成份。

先行词可以为一个词,短语,或整个主句。

(3) 关系词:引导定语从句的词叫关系词,分为关系代词和关系副词。

关系词的作用:1) 引导定语从句,连接主句和从句,相当于一个连词;2) 必在从句中作某个句子成份(可以做主语,宾语,表语,定语,状语)关系代词(在从句中作主语,宾语,表语,宾补,定语): that、which、who、whom、whose、as关系副词(在从句中只作状语): when、why、where二)关系代词的用法在定语从句中关系代词起着连接主句与从句、指代先行词和在从句中作句子成分的三重作用。

关系代1. 关系代词who, whom和that的用法三者都可用于指代人,但在用法上存在差别。

who和whomwho可以代替人(即它的先行词必须是人),在从句中可以担任主语,往往也可以代替在从句中担任宾格的whom(常可省略)。

但它的前面不能有介词,如果带介词则必须用宾格whom,即“介词+whom”。

Johnny is a person who always has novel ideas.The girl who won the first prize is from Zhejiang.The person who/whom you just talked to is Mr Depp.= The person to whom you just talked is Mr Depp.We’ll go to the hospital to see the patients, most of whom are children.who和that在定语从句中who和that指代人时常可以通用,但在下列情况中只能用who,而不能用that。

(1)先行词是one, ones和anyone时,宜用who。

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高中英语定语从句详解定语从句主要用于修饰句子中的名词、代词或上文提到的一件事(句子)。

而定语从句的位置常常是紧跟在被修饰的名词、代词或句子的后面。

在被修饰的名词、代词(先行词)与定语从句之间往往有一个关系词将其前后两部分联系成一个整体。

关系词与后面的句子合称定语从句。

1)three signs that indicate a person is suffering from a heart attack三种意味着一个人患心脏病的迹象that是:关系词;that indicate a person is suffering from a heart attack是定语从句2)those who drink a lot 那些大量饮酒的人在这个带有定语从句的短语中:those是:被修饰的代词;who是:关系词;who drink a lot是:定语从句。

3)Do you know the name of that girl whose brother is your roommate ?你知道她的哥哥与你同寝室的那位女孩的名字吗?通过上面的演示,我们可以归纳出:(1)定语从句在英语中放在被修饰的词后,翻译成汉语时置于被修饰的词之前,且有汉字“的”(2)定语从句在句子中的位置、结构如下:被修饰的名词/ 代词+ 关系词+ 句子(其中,"被修饰的名词/代词"在语法叫作"先行词".) 要点提示:1)先行词=关系词。

所以先行词在从句中不在出现。

先行词的意义以及它在从句中的语法功能(句子成分)决定关系词的选择。

定语从句中的关系词只有两类:关系代词和关系副词;所有关系词不但都有具体的意义而且都在从句中担任一定的成分。

1)关系代词:who , whom , whose , which , that 等。

who用于代替"表示人的意义"的先行词,并且在从句中充当主语,也可充当宾语。

但不能放在介词之后。

介词后的宾语用whomwhose 用于代替"表示人或物意义"的先行词,用在从句中时,后要跟一个名词,与那个名词合起来相当于一个关系词,在从句中担当主语或宾语。

Whose常表达"先行词的"之意which 用于代替"表示事物意义"的先行词,在从句中作主语、宾语。

that 既用于代替"表示人的意义"的先行词,也用于代替"表示事物意义"的先行词;在从句中既可以作主语,也可以作谓语动词的宾语,但是不能跟介词后作介词的宾语,介词后用which。

在一定范围内,that = who / whom / which 。

要点提示:虽然that即可指人,也可指代物,习惯上指代人时,常用who。

总结:(1)怎么判断定语从句(2)怎么选择关系词:当先行词指.....时如:填空,翻译1) I have no idea about the man wrote the article .2) The little boy is singing there can recite quiet a number of Chinese poems .3 )I know the girl you talked to just now4 )That was a fault could not be forgiven .5)I've got a novel you may like to read .6 )This is the book from I know the famous person.7)Who is the girl you talked to just now?8) This is the very book you are looked for yesterday.9) The books which sell well are written by him.10) The book which sells well is written by him.11)The world we live in is made of matter.12)The world in we live is made of matter.要点提示:(1)关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时可以省略。

避免重复,指人时,主句有who,从句用that(2)That 和which 指代物时的区别先行词本身是all , everything , something , nothing , anything等不定代词时,例如:All that I have is money.There must be something that happened to you .你一定出了什么事。

They had nothing that could cure of his disease .他们没有一点能治愈他疾病的东西了。

-- 先行词已有序数词或形容词的最高级或the last, the only等作定语时,例如:This is the most impressive TV that has never been put on show before . 这是以前从未上演过的最有感染力的电视剧。

That is the only way that leads to your success .那是通向你成功的唯一之路。

We have to consider the first thing that we need to do.我们必须要考虑我们需要做的第一件事。

-- 当先行词表示事物意义,并且在从句中作介词的宾语,那么就只能用whichIt is the second thing about which I become crazy.(3)定语从句中,谓语动词的单复数取决于先行词的单复数。

特例:1 She is one of the students who have been abroad.2 She is the only one of the students who has been abroad.2)关系副词:when = 在什么时候,where = 在什么地方,why = 为什么原因,在英文中用哪个具体的介词,得依具体汉语意思而定了关系代词在从句中作主语、宾语或表语,关系副词在从句中作状语(不缺主语,宾语,表语)when 代替表示时间的名词,在从句中充当状语例如:1)People will always remember the time Hongkong and Macao returned to our motherland .2)We don't know the exact time the English Evening will be held .3)I still remember the days we spent together.where 代替表示地点的名词,在从句中充当状语。

例如:1)The place we're to have the Speech Contest has not been decided yet. 2)He is living in a newly-built house there used to be a pond .3)He has found the school his mother told him.why 代替表示原因的名词,在从句中充当状语。

例如:1)He didn't tell her the reason he was so happy .2)They explained the reason to us they had misunderstood us before .3)The reason he explained is not so acceptable .当名词时way时,关系词可以用that,in which或省略关系词He can’t understand the way the teacher told him.He can’t understand the way the teacher solve problem。

He can’t find a way really works.关系副词=介词+关系代词,而这种结构中较难解决的问题是介词的选择问题,因为这个问题的解决取决于多种因素:A)动词与介词的搭配B)名词与介词的搭配C)形容词与介词的搭配,等等。

总之,要依从句的具体需要而定。

例如:A)动词与介词的搭配He has found a good job for which he is qualified .(qualify + 名词+ for "使…具有…资格" )他找到了一份他能胜任的工作。

The man to whom you talked just now will chair the meeting tomorrow . (talk to + 名词"与某人谈话" )你刚才与他谈话的那个人明天主持那个会议。

B)名词与介词的搭配They are still living in the little house in which (= )they've been living for 15 years . (in the house "在屋子里" )他们现在还住在他们已住了15年的那个小房子里。

He went through a hard time during which (=) he lost many times.C)形容词与介词的搭配The secretary with whom the boss is not happy will be fired for her inefficiency . (happy with "对…表示满意")老板对其不满意的那个秘书将由于她没有工作效率而被解雇。

I've found the job for which I've been eager for a long time.(eager for "渴望得到…" )我已找到了我渴望已久的那份工作。

He is a learned man with whom we are familiar .(familiar with 熟悉…)他是一位我们熟悉的有学识的人。

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